Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Région de la Capitale-Nationale [Health region, December 2017], Quebec

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Région de la Capitale-Nationale Quebec [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Région de la Capitale-Nationale [Health region, December 2017], Quebec  Map : Région de la Capitale-Nationale [Health region, December 2017], Quebec Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	729,997	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	700,616	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	361,151	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	334,265	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	38.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	18,797.45	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	730,000	357,205	372,790
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	109,630	55,875	53,750
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	38,260	19,595	18,665
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	38,655	19,695	18,960
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	32,710	16,580	16,130
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	473,630	237,350	236,280
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	33,565	17,080	16,490
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	46,160	23,060	23,095
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	48,000	24,190	23,810
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	47,740	24,480	23,265
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	49,575	25,305	24,265
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	42,435	21,755	20,685
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	42,730	21,450	21,280
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	53,400	26,605	26,790
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	57,265	28,110	29,155
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	52,765	25,315	27,450
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	146,740	63,980	82,760
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	47,565	22,645	24,920
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	37,175	17,260	19,915
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	24,945	10,970	13,975
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	18,150	7,240	10,910
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	18,905	5,865	13,040
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	11,895	4,095	7,805
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	5,440	1,495	3,945
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	1,395	260	1,135
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	170	20	150
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	15.0	15.6	14.4
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	64.9	66.4	63.4
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	20.1	17.9	22.2
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.6	1.6	3.5
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	43.0	41.7	44.2
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	43.5	41.9	45.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	139,820	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	21,050	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	171,190	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	18,055	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	7,660	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	22,455	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	121,610	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	1,415	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	2,205	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	120,945	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	120,910	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	42,355	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	35,810	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	14,245	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	709,325	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	620,370	301,330	319,040
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	352,095	176,225	175,865
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	186,310	93,190	93,115
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	165,785	83,040	82,745
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	268,275	125,100	143,175
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	182,915	97,600	85,310
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	8,105	3,685	4,420
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	41,880	16,280	25,605
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	35,380	7,535	27,840
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	201,560	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	115,090	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	39,495	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	34,595	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	12,380	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	201,560	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	172,440	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	89,610	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	82,830	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	29,120	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	20,925	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	8,195	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	172,440	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	96,535	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	75,905	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	31,085	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	32,835	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	11,980	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	29,120	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	18,555	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	8,405	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	2,160	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	156,905	74,670	82,230
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	198,885	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	95,345	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	103,540	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	1,325	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	134,050	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	120,945	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	13,105	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	718,680	352,785	365,895
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	1,800	1,010	790
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	442,230	201,815	240,410
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	272,700	149,075	123,625
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	1,945	885	1,065
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	718,675	352,785	365,895
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	11,860	6,170	5,690
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	699,025	342,550	356,475
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	5,935	3,235	2,700
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	1,860	830	1,030
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	14,825	7,785	7,040
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	2.1	2.2	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	718,680	352,785	365,895
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	711,730	349,175	362,555
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	683,375	335,090	348,285
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	10,250	5,340	4,910
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	673,125	329,750	343,375
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	28,355	14,085	14,270
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	600	240	365
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	585	235	355
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	570	230	340
Atikamekw	5	0	5	45	20	20
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	515	205	315
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	5	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	5	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	15	0	10
Algonquin	5	0	0	15	5	10
Ojibway	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	15	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	10	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	27,760	13,845	13,910
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	5,670	3,180	2,490
Berber languages	220	130	90	695	390	310
Kabyle	105	60	50	360	200	160
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	330	190	145
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	45	20	25
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	40	20	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	5	5	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	4,895	2,760	2,145
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	5	0	0
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	4,875	2,745	2,130
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	0	0	0
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	10	10	0
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	5	5	0
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	10	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	25	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	1,215	575	640
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	385	180	210
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	820	395	425
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	5	0	5
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	345	130	220
Bikol	470	210	260	0	0	0
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	20	5	20
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	5	0	5
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	5	0	5
Malagasy	25	15	15	185	80	100
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	20	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	0	0	5
Pangasinan	450	185	270	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	85	20	60
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	20	10	15
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	545	255	290
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	45	20	25
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	495	230	265
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	30	20	10
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	0	0	0
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	5	5	5
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	15	10	10
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	15,180	7,335	7,845
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	205	105	105
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	70	30	35
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	2,510	1,170	1,335
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	20	15	10
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	10	10	0
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	10	5	5
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	2,485	1,165	1,325
Belarusan	355	170	185	0	0	0
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	630	315	310
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	230	110	120
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	95	50	45
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	35	15	20
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	10	5	5
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	275	125	155
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	645	275	370
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	155	80	75
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	270	125	145
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	15	10	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	10	5	5
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	115	50	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	5	0	5
Celtic languages	460	210	250	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	0	0	0
Welsh	150	65	85	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	765	330	440
Afrikaans	985	475	510	5	0	5
Danish	1,570	710	855	5	5	5
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	135	75	65
Frisian	135	60	75	0	0	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	535	210	325
Icelandic	85	40	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	5	0	5
Swedish	1,140	485	660	30	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	25	10	15
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	15	5	5
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	95	55	35
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	1,615	805	815
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	1,030	520	510
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	70	35	35
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	20	10	5
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	40	25	15
Kashmiri	275	140	140	0	0	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	0	5	0
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	0	0	5
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	850	420	430
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	10	5	0
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	5	0	0
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	30	15	10
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	490	245	245
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	55	35	20
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	440	210	225
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	95	35	60
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	9,920	4,835	5,080
Catalan	165	90	75	20	5	10
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	565	315	245
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	1,590	780	805
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	825	395	430
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	6,915	3,330	3,590
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	10	5	5
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	155	45	110
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	0	5
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	0	5
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	35	15	20
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	0	0	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	2,710	1,395	1,315
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	0	0	0
Bamanankan	60	30	30	75	40	30
Edo	1,020	410	610	0	0	0
Ewe	370	185	190	50	25	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	155	90	65
Ga	440	200	245	0	0	0
Ganda	515	245	270	5	5	0
Igbo	1,520	775	750	5	0	0
Lingala	375	175	200	115	55	60
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	465	225	240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	300	130	170
Shona	680	325	355	0	0	0
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	495	240	255
Wolof	160	90	80	280	155	125
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	10	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	765	415	345
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	30	20	15
Dinka	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	35	15	15
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	120	65	55
American Sign Language	470	250	220	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	60	25	35
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	60	35	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	1,285	610	680
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	1,190	555	630
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	260	130	125
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	0	0	0
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	790	355	435
Min Dong	765	370	395	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	30	15	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	85	45	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	100	50	45
Burmese	1,005	450	555	10	5	5
Karenic languages	265	125	140	70	40	35
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	10	10	5
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	160	55	105
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	95	50	50
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	60	10	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	80	45	30
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	15	10	5
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	55	35	25
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	10	5	5
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	130	65	60
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	5	0	0
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	10	5	10
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	115	60	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	60	40	20
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	6,945	3,610	3,340
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	3,505	1,870	1,635
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	230	110	115
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	2,940	1,475	1,460
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	275	150	130
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	718,680	352,785	365,895
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	708,145	347,510	360,635
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	693,925	340,565	353,360
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	7,900	4,125	3,775
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	686,025	336,440	349,590
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	14,220	6,945	7,275
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	285	120	165
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	275	120	155
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	270	110	155
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	5	5
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	255	110	150
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	5	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	13,930	6,825	7,110
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	2,120	1,095	1,025
Berber languages	65	30	30	220	110	110
Kabyle	35	15	15	145	75	70
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	75	40	35
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	10	5	5
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	0	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	5	5	5
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	1,875	970	905
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	0	0	0
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	1,870	965	900
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	5	5	5
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	650	290	365
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	185	85	105
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	460	205	250
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	5	5	5
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	95	45	45
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	0	0	0
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	5	60	25	30
Malay	1,455	705	750	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	10	5	5
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	125	50	75
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	120	50	70
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	15	10	5
Kannada	830	415	410	0	0	0
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	0	5	0
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	5	5	0
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	8,865	4,325	4,540
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	105	50	55
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	40	20	15
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	1,360	660	705
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	10	5	5
Latvian	600	245	355	5	5	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	5	0	0
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	1,350	655	700
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	370	180	190
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	140	65	70
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	50	25	25
Czech	1,415	685	730	10	0	5
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	5	5	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	80	35	40
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	390	185	210
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	100	55	50
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	140	65	70
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	0	0	0
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	70	30	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	125	60	70
Afrikaans	265	125	145	0	0	0
Danish	135	65	75	0	0	0
Dutch	655	300	350	25	15	10
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	90	35	55
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	10	5	5
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	20	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	1,345	655	690
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	910	450	465
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	45	20	25
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	15	5	10
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	20	10	5
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	5	0	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	0	0	0
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	815	400	415
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	0	0	0
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	0	0	0
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	15	5	5
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	345	170	175
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	25	15	10
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	325	155	165
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	85	40	50
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	5,880	2,875	3,005
Catalan	80	40	45	5	0	5
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	105	45	55
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	1,045	525	520
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	455	225	230
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	4,275	2,080	2,195
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	5	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	65	25	35
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	745	345	395
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	0	0	0
Bamanankan	15	10	10	15	5	10
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	20	10	10
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	0	0	0
Lingala	95	40	55	30	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	170	75	90
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	50	20	30
Shona	235	115	125	0	0	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	170	80	90
Wolof	80	45	35	95	45	45
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	185	85	105
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	20	10	10
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	15	10	10
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	155	90	65
American Sign Language	720	375	345	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	75	40	35
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	80	45	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	960	490	470
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	865	435	430
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	160	85	75
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	0	0	0
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	620	315	305
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	60	30	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	95	50	45
Burmese	575	260	310	15	5	5
Karenic languages	215	105	110	65	40	30
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	50	15	30
Lao	1,050	505	540	25	10	20
Thai	575	255	320	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	5	0	0
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	20	5	10
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	5	5	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	30	15	15
Estonian	650	240	410	0	0	0
Finnish	510	220	290	0	5	5
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	25	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	15	10	10
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	10,540	5,275	5,260
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	3,465	1,840	1,625
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	235	115	120
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	6,165	2,980	3,180
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	670	340	335
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	718,680	352,785	365,895
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	664,235	324,095	340,140
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	31,010	17,055	13,955
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	10,755	5,325	5,420
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	10,640	5,280	5,360
Aboriginal	480	205	275	230	90	140
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	10,410	5,190	5,220
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	550	295	260
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	1,185	590	600
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	275	120	155
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	35	25	15
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	599,895	293,670	306,230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	588,020	288,230	299,785
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	37,011	41,844	32,494
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	588,145	288,255	299,895
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	32,394	35,976	28,957
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	539,150	269,470	269,680
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	33,247	38,681	28,035
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	445,995	204,180	241,820
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	7,398	6,159	8,179
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	431,675	224,000	207,680
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	34,094	38,004	30,290
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	599,895	293,610	306,285
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	588,185	288,345	299,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	44,574	50,961	38,432
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	588,270	288,355	299,920
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	36,621	41,099	32,316
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	539,090	270,110	268,970
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	41,640	48,576	34,674
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	445,550	203,800	241,750
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	8,462	7,719	9,088
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	431,675	224,835	206,845
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	40,956	45,657	35,846
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	599,895	293,615	306,285
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	198,075	106,735	91,335
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	48,563	52,995	44,054
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	55,839	61,130	49,657
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	85.6	89.2	80.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	67.4	69.8	64.4
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	14.4	10.8	19.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	599,895	293,670	306,230
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	11,880	5,435	6,445
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	588,020	288,230	299,790
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	98.0	98.1	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	56,965	24,565	32,400
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	97,300	38,230	59,070
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	83,115	35,445	47,670
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	81,835	38,385	43,445
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	76,105	37,215	38,895
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	57,610	30,605	27,010
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	41,215	24,075	17,140
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	30,690	18,050	12,640
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	19,800	11,855	7,945
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	11,410	7,440	3,975
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	31,960	22,365	9,590
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	21,990	14,975	7,015
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	9,965	7,390	2,580
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	599,895	293,670	306,225
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	11,750	5,415	6,335
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	588,145	288,250	299,895
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	98.0	98.2	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	60,980	25,175	35,800
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	101,685	40,640	61,045
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	105,265	46,200	59,065
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	108,070	52,815	55,255
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	82,870	43,930	38,945
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	53,990	31,455	22,530
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	32,165	18,760	13,405
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	15,865	10,130	5,740
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	27,245	19,145	8,105
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	9,015	6,055	2,955
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	5,315	3,700	1,615
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	12,920	9,385	3,530
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	599,895	293,665	306,225
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	168,220	69,665	98,550
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	431,680	224,000	207,680
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	72.0	76.3	67.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	51,825	27,175	24,650
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	32,140	14,215	17,925
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	58,845	26,360	32,485
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	51,540	23,565	27,980
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	54,055	25,935	28,120
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	48,915	24,145	24,770
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	36,715	20,425	16,285
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	29,040	17,390	11,650
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	23,395	13,870	9,530
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	45,210	30,925	14,285
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	14,025	8,885	5,135
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	8,310	5,625	2,680
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	22,880	16,410	6,470
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	62,789	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	53,930	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	120,940	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	34,783	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	30,799	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	213,325	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	85,063	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	72,115	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	78,434	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	64,450	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	120,890	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	41,550	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	34,642	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	213,380	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	99,330	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	81,338	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	2,815	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	4,100	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	10,245	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	15,710	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	15,835	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	13,485	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	16,695	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	17,505	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	17,260	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	16,030	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	29,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	26,390	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	23,745	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	20,600	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	17,495	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	86,530	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	33,855	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	20,995	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	19,155	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	12,525	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	334,265	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	3,070	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	4,210	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	10,380	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	16,565	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	18,125	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	17,425	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	22,040	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	21,695	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	20,340	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	19,160	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	34,430	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	29,565	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	25,170	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	20,930	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	17,135	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	54,030	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	27,525	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	12,765	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	13,735	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	203,240	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	86,248	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	72,920	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	94,170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	75,967	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	64,617	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	76,160	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	115,087	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	95,770	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	28,500	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	57,590	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	51,302	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	203,270	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	100,738	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	82,271	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	94,150	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	88,779	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	72,510	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	76,105	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	129,629	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	104,882	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	28,490	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	66,807	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	56,664	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	146,700	70,015	76,690
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	32,487	34,444	30,829
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	29,103	30,364	28,078
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	146,500	69,735	76,770
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	39,187	41,606	36,989
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	32,903	34,336	31,602
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	709,325	349,435	359,885
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	364,435	174,075	190,355
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	49,900	24,675	25,225
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	65,640	28,890	36,750
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	76,020	36,110	39,910
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	85,790	41,540	44,250
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	87,085	42,860	44,225
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	344,895	175,360	169,530
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	87,615	43,925	43,690
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	85,530	43,595	41,940
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	73,050	37,215	35,840
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	56,245	28,735	27,515
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	42,450	21,895	20,550
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	707,205	348,385	358,820
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	128,035	65,325	62,715
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	46,060	23,545	22,510
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	449,050	224,020	225,030
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	130,120	59,045	71,075
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	79,085	36,020	43,070
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	11,665	5,915	5,750
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	3,895	2,000	1,900
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	47,035	23,320	23,715
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	20,390	6,785	13,605
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	11.2	10.3	12.0
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	9.1	9.1	9.2
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	8.5	8.5	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	10.5	10.4	10.5
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	15.7	11.5	19.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	58,840	27,930	30,915
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	7,390	3,745	3,640
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	2,480	1,260	1,225
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	40,570	20,875	19,700
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	10,880	3,305	7,575
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	8.3	8.0	8.6
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	5.8	5.7	5.8
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	5.4	5.4	5.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	9.0	9.3	8.8
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	8.4	5.6	10.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	709,330	349,440	359,890
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	707,320	348,525	358,790
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	272,305	149,245	123,065
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	705,715	347,685	358,030
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	62,550	29,480	33,065
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	815	350	460
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	690	310	380
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	650	295	350
Atikamekw	0	0	0	70	30	45
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	550	250	305
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	35	15	20
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	40	15	25
Algonquin	15	10	10	20	10	10
Ojibway	675	270	405	20	0	15
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	65	15	45
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	65	20	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	35	10	25
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	25
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	25	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	61,765	29,145	32,620
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	8,185	4,460	3,720
Berber languages	245	135	110	830	450	385
Kabyle	80	40	40	410	220	190
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	420	225	195
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	55	20	35
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	55	20	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	7,725	4,235	3,490
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	0	0	0
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	7,665	4,195	3,470
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	50	35	15
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	70	35	35
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	1,555	745	810
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	565	285	280
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	1,010	470	540
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	385	160	230
Bikol	580	260	325	10	0	0
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	20	10	15
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	10	0	10
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	10	0	0
Malagasy	90	45	45	170	65	100
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	60	30	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	0	0	0
Pangasinan	450	200	255	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	115	35	85
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	55	30	25
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	1,210	590	615
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	140	85	60
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	945	445	500
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	130	70	55
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	15	0	10
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	0	0	0
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	0	0	0
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	0	0	0
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	43,580	19,765	23,820
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	285	165	125
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	25	25	10
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	3,215	1,575	1,635
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	10	0	0
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	10	0	0
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	0	0	0
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	3,205	1,570	1,640
Belarusan	945	495	450	10	10	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	660	350	305
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	155	75	80
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	165	80	85
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	60	35	25
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	15	20	0
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	415	195	220
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,265	595	675
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	180	95	85
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	380	170	215
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	40	30	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	0	0	0
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	190	85	105
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	0	0	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	0	10	0
Welsh	235	115	125	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	3,765	1,920	1,840
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	25	15	10
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	40	20	15
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	280	180	95
Frisian	195	75	115	0	0	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	3,340	1,685	1,650
Icelandic	130	55	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	15	10	10
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	95	45	45
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	35	15	20
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	20	0	10
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	250	135	120
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	1,890	910	985
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	1,100	555	540
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	105	60	40
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	25	15	10
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	210	125	85
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	0	0	0
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	10	10	0
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	820	395	430
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	10	10	0
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	0	0	0
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	40	25	15
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	625	295	325
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	60	30	35
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	575	275	300
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	200	75	120
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	36,005	15,920	20,090
Catalan	315	165	150	85	40	45
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	2,845	1,255	1,580
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	2,800	1,395	1,405
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	1,060	485	570
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	30,785	13,415	17,375
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	25	25	0
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	510	275	230
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	10	0	10
Georgian	1,465	740	725	10	0	10
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	40	15	25
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	15	10	10
Mongolian	445	190	255	10	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	4,535	2,455	2,085
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	0	0	0
Bamanankan	200	110	90	160	95	70
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	10	0	0
Ewe	520	270	250	80	55	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	245	140	105
Ga	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	10	10	0
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	0	0	0
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	470	255	215
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	650	335	315
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	405	200	205
Shona	1,175	515	655	0	0	0
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	1,000	560	440
Wolof	415	185	230	610	370	245
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	1,650	865	785
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	165	65	100
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	160	65	95
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	685	250	435
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	20	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	460	170	285
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	250	80	165
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	1,820	855	965
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	1,665	775	895
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	465	230	230
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	10	0	0
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	1,135	520	615
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	55	20	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	135	60	75
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	155	85	70
Burmese	1,325	600	720	55	35	20
Karenic languages	245	115	135	105	60	50
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	200	105	95
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	100	60	40
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	120	55	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	115	60	60
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	30	15	10
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	90	50	40
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	0	0	10
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	200	100	105
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	0	0	0
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	40	10	30
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	160	85	75
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	245	110	140
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	709,325	349,435	359,885
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	687,810	338,725	349,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	124,565	63,730	60,835
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	563,250	274,995	288,255
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	21,515	10,715	10,800
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	709,330	349,440	359,890
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	662,245	325,735	336,510
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	41,895	21,040	20,855
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	4,995	2,790	2,205
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	3,185	1,590	1,595
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	6,075	2,790	3,285
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	14,970	7,600	7,370
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	5,855	3,025	2,825
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	9,115	4,570	4,545
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	12,670	6,265	6,410
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	5,185	2,665	2,520
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	41,895	21,035	20,855
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	5,680	2,475	3,205
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	5,950	3,030	2,925
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	6,600	3,295	3,305
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	21,440	11,160	10,275
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	2,230	1,085	1,145
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	41,895	21,040	20,860
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	9,195	4,240	4,960
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	890	405	485
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	2,640	1,240	1,400
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	350	165	185
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	10	0	0
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	1,045	470	575
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	20	15	0
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	850	415	440
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	440	170	265
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	20	0	15
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	1,005	445	560
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	1,930	900	1,030
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	14,520	7,710	6,810
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	890	435	450
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	60	20	45
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	7,780	4,375	3,405
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	745	310	430
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	70	40	30
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	70	40	25
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	15	15	0
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	385	235	150
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	45	25	25
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	245	90	150
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	490	245	245
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	670	325	340
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	240	115	125
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	55	35	20
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	240	110	130
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	265	160	105
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	2,265	1,135	1,135
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	12,170	6,610	5,555
Algeria	1,240	650	595	1,790	990	800
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	250	120	125
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	10	0	0
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	40	15	30
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	2,055	1,135	915
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	35	20	15
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	7,955	4,310	3,645
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	5,950	2,440	3,510
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	90	50	40
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	120	50	65
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	1,530	390	1,135
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	60	10	45
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	75	45	35
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	295	150	150
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	120	45	80
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	100	10	90
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	125	75	50
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	240	135	100
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	25	15	10
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	155	55	100
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	335	175	165
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	40	20	20
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	755	340	415
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	1,890	870	1,020
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	60	45	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	12,675	6,265	6,405
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	2,630	1,230	1,400
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	560	260	295
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	860	395	465
Cuba	1,200	535	660	205	110	100
Haiti	865	415	450	295	125	170
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	0	10	0
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	210	100	115
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	105	60	45
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	100	50	50
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	285	130	155
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	3,155	1,710	1,450
France	1,400	675	725	2,295	1,250	1,045
Germany	915	490	420	45	30	25
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	10	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	125	50	75
Romania	1,490	590	900	55	25	25
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	15	10	10
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	85	35	40
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	50	40	15
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	485	270	215
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	5,105	2,550	2,560
Algeria	205	95	115	430	200	230
Cameroon	805	355	450	740	350	390
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	275	155	125
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	715	365	350
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	30	20	10
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	0	0	0
Morocco	365	145	220	665	320	345
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	0	0	0
Somalia	1,155	555	600	0	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	10	10	0
Tunisia	125	90	40	625	330	290
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	1,605	800	800
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	1,760	765	995
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	10	0	0
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	10	10	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	195	80	120
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	15	0	15
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	30	15	15
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	160	75	85
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	90	30	60
Israel	1,665	880	785	0	0	0
Japan	965	265	700	15	0	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	10	10	0
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	30	10	20
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	235	110	125
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	10	0	10
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	45	10	40
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	265	135	130
Taiwan	760	300	460	10	0	0
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	10	10	10
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	10	0	0
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	90	35	50
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	540	240	300
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	20	10	10
Australia	1,005	615	390	10	0	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	15	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	709,325	349,440	359,885
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	49,680	24,975	24,705
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	28,825	14,595	14,235
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	630,820	309,875	320,950
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	37,290	18,430	18,855
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	20,560	11,050	9,505
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	10,415	6,850	3,560
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	10,145	4,200	5,945
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	8,815	3,500	5,310
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	7,765	3,800	3,960
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	150	75	75
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	709,325	349,440	359,890
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	11,420	5,655	5,770
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	10,900	5,450	5,450
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	6,030	2,955	3,070
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	4,720	2,435	2,285
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	145	60	90
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	175	55	120
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	350	150	200
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	697,905	343,785	354,120
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	709,325	349,440	359,885
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	5,295	2,575	2,720
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	704,035	346,865	357,165
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	709,325	349,440	359,890
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	5,740	2,690	3,050
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	5,580	2,620	2,955
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	4,470	2,120	2,350
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	1,040	475	560
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	70	30	45
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	160	65	100
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	145	65	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	15	0	15
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	19,205	9,165	10,035
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	18,755	8,960	9,800
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	16,050	7,550	8,500
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	2,545	1,315	1,230
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	160	95	70
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	445	210	240
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	425	195	230
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	20	15	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	684,380	337,585	346,800
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	709,330	349,435	359,890
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	35,725	17,805	17,915
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	1,485	750	730
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	2,510	850	1,660
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	13,175	6,900	6,270
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	280	125	155
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	7,255	3,410	3,845
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	6,455	3,625	2,830
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	2,615	1,230	1,380
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	610	275	340
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	225	130	95
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	225	65	160
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	355	190	165
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	530	250	285
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	673,600	331,630	341,975
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	709,325	349,440	359,890
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	24,945	11,860	13,090
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	21,125	9,940	11,185
Inuit	1,360	645	710	270	140	135
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	4,160	2,050	2,105
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	521,805	255,210	266,595
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	3,225	1,525	1,705
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	2,735	1,315	1,420
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	504,550	246,525	258,025
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	55	35	30
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	25	10	15
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	10	0	15
Ontarian	645	370	275	65	30	35
Québécois	1,570	780	785	17,010	8,575	8,430
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	10	0	10
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	252,280	126,220	126,060
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	53,550	25,760	27,795
Channel Islander	445	235	210	170	85	90
Cornish	205	105	95	0	0	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	10,380	5,230	5,150
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	35,580	16,985	18,595
Manx	815	475	345	0	0	0
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	14,160	6,595	7,570
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	280	115	165
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	860	410	455
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	203,075	102,065	101,015
Alsatian	355	140	215	90	55	35
Breton	60	35	20	1,270	605	665
Corsican	60	30	30	120	40	80
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	202,135	101,595	100,540
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	16,185	7,985	8,200
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	465	285	180
Bavarian	155	65	85	0	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	3,660	1,890	1,770
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	1,090	510	585
Flemish	910	430	475	125	70	55
Frisian	400	230	165	0	0	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	9,615	4,540	5,075
Luxembourger	305	145	155	120	85	25
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	1,975	1,035	940
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	1,390	725	670
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	235	140	95
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	105	45	60
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	40	25	15
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	515	285	230
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	325	135	185
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	225	110	110
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	6,465	3,150	3,320
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	260	145	115
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	45	15	30
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	275	155	125
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	60	35	25
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	10	10	0
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	660	315	345
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	15	15	0
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	120	75	45
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	205	90	115
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	2,040	1,000	1,050
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	1,320	650	675
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	1,165	530	625
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	165	75	85
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	985	455	530
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	10	10	0
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	16,900	8,420	8,480
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	270	160	115
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	865	450	420
Catalan	160	105	60	45	30	25
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	330	175	145
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	10	0	0
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	905	460	450
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	8,350	4,250	4,100
Kosovar	485	255	225	55	40	15
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	40	25	15
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	55	20	40
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	15	10	10
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	2,715	1,300	1,415
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	385	200	185
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	40	20	25
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	55	25	25
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	4,155	2,015	2,135
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	160	75	85
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	35	10	30
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	1,130	615	510
Basque	815	400	415	290	170	120
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	190	100	90
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	0	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	35	15	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	605	325	280
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	3,490	1,720	1,770
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	0	0	0
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	15	0	15
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	50	30	20
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	0	0	0
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	490	255	235
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	415	180	230
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	130	50	85
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	2,005	970	1,030
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	165	105	60
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	0	0	0
Martinican	160	50	105	95	25	70
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	30	15	10
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	45	20	25
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	20	15	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	140	75	70
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	9,260	4,410	4,850
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	275	130	145
Arawak	710	315	395	10	10	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	215	115	95
Belizean	355	170	185	10	0	0
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	90	40	45
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	885	425	460
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	775	395	375
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	3,285	1,580	1,700
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	15	0	10
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	115	60	60
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	155	85	70
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	35	15	25
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	55	10	40
Honduran	1,750	810	940	155	70	85
Maya	1,135	555	575	55	35	20
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	1,690	780	910
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	125	50	75
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	0	0	0
Paraguayan	305	140	160	50	15	40
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	715	320	395
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	500	255	250
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	45	10	35
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	195	105	90
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	250	115	140
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	19,290	10,175	9,115
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	7,555	4,060	3,495
Akan	700	395	305	60	30	40
Angolan	1,030	490	535	15	10	10
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	495	280	215
Burkinabe	100	45	55	240	150	90
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	1,515	775	740
Chadian	185	95	90	65	35	35
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	1,585	885	705
Edo	935	490	445	0	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	50	15	30
Gabonese	45	10	35	140	75	70
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	85	55	30
Guinean	680	335	340	340	185	155
Ibo	1,495	775	720	10	10	10
Ivorian	615	285	330	1,090	560	525
Liberian	335	140	200	30	0	30
Malian	260	140	125	245	135	110
Malinké	220	105	120	30	15	10
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	105	55	50
Peulh	60	40	20	110	65	40
Senegalese	535	280	255	875	495	385
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	0	0	0
Togolese	315	205	105	315	175	135
Wolof	45	25	25	60	35	20
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	700	335	365
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	7,870	4,170	3,700
Algerian	1,700	835	870	2,135	1,125	1,015
Berber	680	365	315	1,300	715	590
Coptic	1,815	935	885	10	0	10
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	460	195	265
Libyan	1,275	685	600	10	10	0
Maure	235	130	105	30	20	15
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	2,455	1,325	1,125
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	0	0	0
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	1,785	955	830
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	150	80	70
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	2,255	1,155	1,100
Afrikaner	340	175	170	10	0	10
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	100	75	25
Burundian	710	385	325	785	410	375
Djiboutian	205	95	115	30	20	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	25	10	15
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	0	0	0
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	0	10	0
Malagasy	180	75	100	330	135	195
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	80	40	40
Oromo	830	370	460	0	0	0
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	555	265	290
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	70	30	40
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	45	30	15
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	40	30	15
Tigrian	410	210	200	10	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	70	30	45
Zambian	385	195	190	10	0	0
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	0	0	0
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	210	120	90
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	1,950	985	960
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	125	70	55
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	1,895	955	940
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	13,465	6,435	7,025
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	5,120	2,695	2,420
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	150	70	80
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	2,140	1,190	950
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	220	145	75
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	15	0	10
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	35	10	20
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	550	250	300
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	120	50	70
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	20	10	10
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	10	0	0
Kazakh	975	445	530	15	10	10
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	50	30	20
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	1,020	495	525
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	95	55	45
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	10	10	0
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	510	260	250
Tajik	1,425	670	755	10	0	10
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	25	15	10
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	250	125	125
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	0	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	60	35	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	30	20	10
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	1,495	770	730
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	50	25	20
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	20	10	10
Bhutanese	150	80	65	200	85	115
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	715	390	325
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	0	0	0
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	0	0	0
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	0	0	0
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	440	205	235
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	75	55	25
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	15	10	10
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	0	0	0
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	6,935	3,020	3,915
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	260	120	145
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	785	395	390
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	3,340	1,225	2,115
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	300	130	165
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	50	25	20
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	425	185	245
Karen	265	115	145	90	55	40
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	235	140	100
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	245	120	125
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	10	0	0
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	35	15	25
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	0	10	0
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	40	25	20
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	150	50	95
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	0	0	0
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	1,685	870	810
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	10	0	0
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	135	85	55
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	65	40	20
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	25	15	0
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	50	30	25
Fijian	1,185	495	690	0	0	0
Hawaiian	225	115	115	0	10	0
Maori	200	105	90	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	20	10	10
Samoan	90	45	50	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	25	20	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	200,805	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	133,420	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	47,530	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	286,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	2,820	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	61,555	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	110,235	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	100,450	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	59,210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	334,265	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	131,040	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	55,085	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	37,520	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	34,990	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	75,630	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	332,955	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	1,315	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	334,265	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	327,880	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	6,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	76,745	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	104,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	49,425	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	37,225	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	17,965	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	24,705	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	23,695	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	316,810	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	17,455	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	334,265	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	206,185	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	124,780	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	3,305	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	334,265	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	13,000	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	50,905	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	53,715	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	58,565	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	68,670	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	54,075	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	26,520	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	8,830	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	332,375	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	271,070	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	61,305	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	55,240	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	199,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	62.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	10.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,078	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	259,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	290,478	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	133,065	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	10.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	30.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	734	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	786	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	599,895	293,615	306,285
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	87,990	42,990	45,005
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	123,735	57,190	66,545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	388,170	193,435	194,735
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	102,630	63,345	39,290
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	74,070	40,105	33,965
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	28,560	23,245	5,315
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	121,165	53,760	67,405
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	22,425	8,550	13,880
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	141,945	67,775	74,165
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	89,005	40,790	48,215
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	10,640	4,970	5,675
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	4,515	2,330	2,185
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	31,205	15,520	15,685
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	6,575	4,170	2,410
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	390,320	194,420	195,905
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	32,470	18,415	14,055
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	65,420	32,120	33,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	292,430	143,885	148,550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	78,970	47,795	31,175
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	57,795	30,490	27,305
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	21,175	17,310	3,865
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	85,735	38,895	46,845
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	14,515	5,695	8,815
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	113,210	51,495	61,710
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	70,705	31,560	39,150
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	7,845	3,265	4,580
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	3,475	1,500	1,980
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	26,060	12,210	13,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	5,125	2,970	2,155
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	599,895	293,610	306,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	211,730	100,180	111,545
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	28,380	7,240	21,145
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	28,385	7,240	21,140
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	15,435	7,080	8,355
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	2,960	2,045	920
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	12,480	5,040	7,435
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	22,935	10,040	12,890
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	2,960	745	2,215
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	490	185	305
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	11,595	5,360	6,225
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	190	100	90
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	1,125	760	365
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	1,160	650	510
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	1,950	1,165	790
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	3,465	1,075	2,390
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	38,290	13,815	24,475
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	215	50	170
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	5,290	1,755	3,535
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	7,290	715	6,570
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	7,920	3,180	4,740
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	1,190	205	985
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	5,010	1,290	3,720
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	11,370	6,625	4,750
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	88,610	33,910	54,695
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	65	20	45
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	5,905	1,505	4,400
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	82,635	32,380	50,250
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	15,690	8,525	7,165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	6,030	2,750	3,280
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	1,590	985	605
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	3,860	1,815	2,045
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	3,545	2,685	860
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	665	295	375
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	17,530	12,745	4,785
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	14,865	11,435	3,430
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	1,235	330	900
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	1,190	805	390
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	235	175	65
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	73,875	67,845	6,025
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	2,880	1,670	1,210
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	12,110	10,305	1,810
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	13,995	12,680	1,315
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	18,155	17,475	685
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	16,650	16,150	505
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	10,070	9,570	505
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	8,580	5,905	2,680
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	4,095	2,385	1,720
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	4,485	3,520	965
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	49,805	10,560	39,250
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	2,760	1,575	1,190
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	45,580	8,175	37,410
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	1,460	815	650
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	28,750	15,660	13,085
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	16,290	5,090	11,195
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	60	55	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	275	265	10
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	5,165	3,795	1,370
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	6,955	6,450	510
Other	335	95	235	300	110	190
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	300	115	190
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	390,325	194,415	195,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	97,890	50,535	47,355
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	18,575	4,290	14,280
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	18,575	4,295	14,285
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	11,835	5,395	6,445
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	2,285	1,510	775
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	9,550	3,885	5,670
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	13,935	6,050	7,885
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	2,340	560	1,780
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	380	150	230
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	5,910	2,940	2,970
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	145	90	55
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	770	500	270
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	595	350	245
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	1,345	785	555
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	2,450	685	1,775
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	29,860	10,220	19,645
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	175	40	135
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	4,530	1,510	3,020
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	5,880	560	5,325
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	6,065	2,135	3,935
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	845	140	700
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	3,675	890	2,790
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	8,690	4,950	3,740
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	69,875	25,460	44,415
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	55	15	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	4,670	1,045	3,630
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	65,150	24,405	40,750
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	9,925	5,470	4,460
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	5,005	2,180	2,830
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	915	605	310
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	720	420	300
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	2,790	2,040	755
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	490	230	260
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	15,410	11,200	4,205
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	13,475	10,355	3,120
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	960	235	725
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	800	495	305
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	180	120	55
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	56,310	51,070	5,235
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	2,365	1,330	1,035
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	9,650	8,010	1,640
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	10,875	9,740	1,140
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	13,310	12,750	555
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	12,340	11,935	405
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	7,760	7,310	460
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	7,005	4,690	2,310
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	3,290	1,865	1,425
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	3,715	2,830	880
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	36,955	7,810	29,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	2,270	1,265	1,005
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	33,590	6,050	27,545
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	1,095	500	595
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	22,470	12,120	10,350
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	12,665	3,880	8,785
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	40	40	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	200	190	10
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	3,990	2,880	1,105
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	5,580	5,135	450
Other	285	80	205	275	100	175
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	270	95	175
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	599,895	293,615	306,285
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	211,725	100,180	111,545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	388,165	193,435	194,735
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	369,800	183,515	186,280
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	362,605	179,410	183,195
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	7,190	4,105	3,085
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	18,375	9,915	8,460
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	1,540	1,010	535
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	95	15	85
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	75	55	20
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	385	255	125
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	335	150	190
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	6,210	3,565	2,645
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	9,720	4,860	4,860
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	390,320	194,420	195,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	97,890	50,540	47,355
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	292,430	143,885	148,545
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	276,990	135,875	141,110
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	271,805	133,015	138,790
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	5,180	2,860	2,320
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	15,440	8,005	7,435
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	880	535	345
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	85	15	70
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	60	40	15
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	285	195	95
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	290	115	170
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	5,130	2,855	2,275
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	8,710	4,250	4,465
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	599,895	293,610	306,280
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	392,105	203,115	188,995
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	372,415	191,315	181,100
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	19,690	11,800	7,900
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	207,790	90,505	117,290
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	65.4	69.2	61.7
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	62.1	65.2	59.1
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	5.0	5.8	4.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	599,895	293,615	306,280
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	189,545	80,530	109,015
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	410,350	213,080	197,270
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	201,685	108,940	92,745
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	208,670	104,145	104,525
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	43.4	43.4	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	392,105	203,110	188,990
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	5,540	2,785	2,760
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	386,560	200,330	186,235
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	348,260	177,575	170,685
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	38,305	22,755	15,545
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	392,105	203,110	188,995
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	5,545	2,785	2,760
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	386,560	200,330	186,235
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	35,205	22,065	13,145
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	67,875	21,670	46,205
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	33,830	26,145	7,685
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	31,870	6,825	25,035
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	51,755	18,860	32,890
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	12,295	5,810	6,490
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	94,705	45,340	49,370
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	44,670	42,340	2,330
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	3,685	3,175	510
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	10,680	8,095	2,585
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	392,105	203,110	188,995
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	5,540	2,785	2,760
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	386,560	200,325	186,235
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	4,145	2,965	1,180
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	855	715	140
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	1,775	1,390	385
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	21,300	18,805	2,500
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	27,130	20,155	6,975
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	11,270	8,340	2,920
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	46,575	22,445	24,130
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	13,570	10,820	2,745
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	6,970	4,360	2,610
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	18,120	7,345	10,775
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	5,760	3,530	2,225
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	27,860	16,325	11,530
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	185	65	120
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	15,865	10,340	5,525
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	27,790	9,470	18,325
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	52,585	11,310	41,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	8,000	4,085	3,915
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	30,695	14,445	16,255
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	17,625	8,210	9,420
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	48,500	25,200	23,300
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	372,410	191,310	181,100
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	21,545	10,805	10,740
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	690	465	220
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	30,165	22,830	7,330
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	320,015	157,210	162,805
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	320,015	157,215	162,805
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	228,395	108,045	120,345
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	32,220	16,595	15,620
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	58,805	32,120	26,685
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	595	450	145
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	350,180	180,040	170,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	265,220	141,995	123,225
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	13,640	4,580	9,055
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	39,630	16,795	22,840
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	23,670	11,300	12,365
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	4,805	3,405	1,395
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	3,205	1,965	1,240
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	350,175	180,045	170,135
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	96,820	48,005	48,815
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	148,035	77,890	70,150
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	70,275	35,980	34,295
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	22,265	10,975	11,290
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	12,785	7,195	5,590
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	350,175	180,040	170,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	14,690	11,055	3,635
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	65,850	41,910	23,940
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	123,890	58,280	65,610
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	69,865	30,630	39,230
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	28,945	12,420	16,525
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	46,945	25,750	21,190
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	419,420	217,390	202,030
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	408,220	210,915	197,310
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	407,645	210,640	197,005
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	8,460	5,125	3,335
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	399,185	205,520	193,670
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	570	265	305
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	40	15	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	35	15	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	35	15	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	35	10	20
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	530	255	280
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	15	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	15	0	10
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	50	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	25	10	15
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	335	155	175
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	30	10	15
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	25	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	10	10	10
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	0	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	15	0	10
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	15	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	15	0	10
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	30	10	20
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	25	0	20
Bengali	300	145	155	10	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	20	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	10	10	0
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	260	125	130
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	10	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	60	30	35
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	190	95	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	25	10	20
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	70	45	20
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	70	50	20
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	25	20	10
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	40	30	15
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	20	0	15
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	0	10	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	11,195	6,480	4,715
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	10,315	6,100	4,220
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	65	25	40
French and non-official language	85	45	40	450	180	270
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	365	180	190
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	419,420	217,390	202,025
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	334,795	167,785	167,005
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	75,515	44,580	30,935
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	6,400	3,785	2,615
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	1,665	790	875
Aboriginal	155	50	105	100	50	50
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	1,560	740	820
English and French	85	45	45	25	0	15
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	945	400	545
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	70	35	35
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	702,080	345,740	356,345
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	620,435	305,355	315,085
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	81,650	40,385	41,260
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	57,245	28,495	28,750
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	24,405	11,895	12,510
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	20,570	10,090	10,480
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	19,390	9,440	9,945
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	1,180	645	535
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	3,835	1,800	2,030
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	671,145	330,105	341,040
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	427,785	209,805	217,980
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	243,360	120,300	123,060
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	159,520	78,970	80,555
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	83,840	41,330	42,505
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	69,240	34,185	35,055
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	65,385	32,160	33,225
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	3,860	2,025	1,830
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	14,595	7,145	7,450