Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Montréal, TÉ Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	1,942,044	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	1,886,481	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	939,112	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	870,373	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	3,889.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	499.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	1,942,045	944,490	997,560
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	304,470	155,320	149,155
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	109,740	56,060	53,680
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	104,385	53,250	51,130
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	90,350	46,010	44,340
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	1,313,915	653,520	660,395
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	97,835	49,365	48,465
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	139,720	69,190	70,530
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	153,505	75,655	77,850
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	152,195	74,675	77,520
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	147,480	73,440	74,040
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	128,970	65,105	63,860
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	125,505	63,790	61,715
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	131,865	67,065	64,800
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	127,010	62,680	64,330
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	109,825	52,545	57,285
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	323,660	135,650	188,010
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	95,180	44,325	50,855
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	72,390	31,985	40,410
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	57,290	24,010	33,275
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	46,700	18,670	28,030
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	52,100	16,660	35,445
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	32,310	11,365	20,945
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	15,195	4,360	10,835
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	3,950	830	3,120
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	650	100	540
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	15.7	16.4	15.0
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	67.7	69.2	66.2
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	16.7	14.4	18.8
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.7	1.8	3.6
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	40.6	39.4	41.8
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	39.1	38.2	40.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	870,375	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	99,485	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	126,600	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	643,860	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	32,185	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	33,500	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	108,890	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	465,920	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	3,370	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	870,370	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	342,510	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	259,295	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	118,645	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	97,490	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	52,435	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	1,895,000	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	1,637,575	789,170	848,405
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	799,705	402,505	397,195
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	579,130	290,175	288,960
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	220,575	112,335	108,240
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	837,870	386,665	451,205
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	585,780	308,260	277,520
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	33,630	14,010	19,620
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	127,000	46,890	80,110
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	91,460	17,505	73,960
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	485,285	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	241,425	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	109,090	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	93,220	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	41,555	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	485,285	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	385,585	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	275,400	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	110,185	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	99,700	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	81,190	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	18,505	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	385,585	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	178,105	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	207,475	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	82,305	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	85,985	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	39,185	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	99,700	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	63,310	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	26,780	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	9,610	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	488,715	238,040	250,675
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	870,375	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	469,260	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	172,615	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	296,640	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	7,855	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	393,260	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	342,505	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	50,750	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	1,914,760	933,260	981,495
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	220,425	109,555	110,870
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	517,445	230,460	286,990
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	1,131,680	575,450	556,225
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	45,210	17,800	27,405
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	1,914,755	933,260	981,500
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	543,485	270,085	273,400
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	1,164,335	562,200	602,135
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	163,025	83,800	79,230
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	43,910	17,175	26,735
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	625,000	311,985	313,015
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	32.6	33.4	31.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	1,914,760	933,265	981,495
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	1,823,085	887,650	935,430
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	1,195,590	584,190	611,405
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	307,080	153,045	154,040
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	888,515	431,145	457,365
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	627,490	303,465	324,025
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	580	205	380
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	310	120	190
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	275	100	175
Atikamekw	5	0	5	25	5	20
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	40	10	30
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	15	10	10
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	50	25	30
Plains Cree	10	0	5	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	130	50	85
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	15	5	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	15	5	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	20	15	10
Algonquin	5	0	0	15	10	5
Ojibway	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	10	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	5	5	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	210	60	150
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	170	45	130
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	30	15	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	30	15	10
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	626,905	303,255	323,655
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	122,040	64,460	57,575
Berber languages	220	130	90	13,915	7,405	6,515
Kabyle	105	60	50	8,560	4,560	3,995
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	5,360	2,840	2,515
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	695	330	360
Bilen	80	45	35	15	5	10
Oromo	1,005	490	515	5	5	0
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	660	310	355
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	15	10	5
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	107,255	56,630	50,625
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	585	275	310
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	102,805	54,340	48,465
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	55	25	25
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	5	0	0
Harari	930	435	490	5	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	3,435	1,800	1,635
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	10	5	5
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	305	145	160
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	45	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	175	100	75
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	24,425	11,465	12,960
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	4,980	2,315	2,660
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	19,435	9,145	10,290
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	10	5	5
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	17,455	6,340	11,115
Bikol	470	210	260	100	35	65
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	650	230	425
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	370	120	255
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	1,910	695	1,210
Malagasy	25	15	15	445	200	250
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	455	185	270
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	180	80	95
Pangasinan	450	185	270	80	35	45
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	12,980	4,650	8,330
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	40	5	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	240	100	140
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	36,850	16,270	20,580
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	1,320	630	685
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	35,015	15,370	19,650
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	510	265	245
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	11,900	5,990	5,915
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	200	105	95
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	335	185	150
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	10,860	5,395	5,470
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	495	300	190
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	20	10	10
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	328,955	158,575	170,380
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	1,735	880	855
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	7,455	3,530	3,925
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	41,965	18,705	23,260
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	570	200	365
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	200	75	125
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	370	125	240
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	41,395	18,505	22,895
Belarusan	355	170	185	50	30	20
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	290	140	150
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	4,300	2,060	2,245
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	1,195	590	605
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	830	380	445
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	100	50	55
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	8,875	3,815	5,060
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	18,990	8,425	10,565
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	1,490	725	765
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	480	215	265
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	640	265	380
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	405	185	225
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	3,680	1,590	2,085
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	80	40	40
Celtic languages	460	210	250	60	35	25
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	15	10	0
Welsh	150	65	85	15	5	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	35	15	10
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	15,160	7,225	7,935
Afrikaans	985	475	510	70	35	35
Danish	1,570	710	855	205	90	115
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	1,175	590	585
Frisian	135	60	75	5	0	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	6,075	2,695	3,380
Icelandic	85	40	45	55	25	25
Norwegian	380	170	210	115	60	50
Swedish	1,140	485	660	335	150	185
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	140	50	95
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	6,925	3,495	3,430
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	70	40	30
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	20,075	9,905	10,180
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	52,615	27,185	25,430
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	34,700	18,190	16,515
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	9,620	4,915	4,710
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	5,120	2,515	2,600
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	2,320	1,265	1,060
Kashmiri	275	140	140	15	15	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	85	50	35
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	195	120	80
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	160	85	80
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	25	20	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	8,930	4,950	3,980
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	260	125	135
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	445	210	235
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	7,520	3,925	3,595
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	17,675	8,860	8,815
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	580	305	275
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	905	480	425
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	16,185	8,070	8,110
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	235	135	100
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	189,890	91,115	98,770
Catalan	165	90	75	215	105	110
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	74,490	35,605	38,880
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	18,525	8,890	9,640
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	18,370	8,715	9,650
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	78,220	37,760	40,460
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	70	40	35
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	1,705	545	1,165
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	140	70	75
Georgian	1,110	595	515	140	65	75
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	4,155	1,865	2,290
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	155	65	90
Mongolian	345	155	190	155	65	90
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	13,995	7,115	6,880
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	790	390	400
Bamanankan	60	30	30	695	395	305
Edo	1,020	410	610	60	35	20
Ewe	370	185	190	330	180	145
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	1,185	615	570
Ga	440	200	245	55	25	30
Ganda	515	245	270	10	5	5
Igbo	1,520	775	750	80	45	35
Lingala	375	175	200	1,520	695	825
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	1,185	570	620
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	1,025	460	565
Shona	680	325	355	55	30	25
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	895	425	470
Wolof	160	90	80	1,720	935	785
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	165	95	65
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	4,220	2,195	2,025
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	120	70	50
Dinka	45	25	15	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	120	70	50
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	415	220	195
American Sign Language	470	250	220	35	20	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	185	90	95
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	195	110	85
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	52,755	24,555	28,200
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	52,615	24,480	28,130
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	15,850	7,470	8,385
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	300	130	165
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	30,720	14,205	16,515
Min Dong	765	370	395	20	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	2,400	1,100	1,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	750	325	425
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	2,505	1,200	1,305
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	60	30	35
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	140	75	70
Burmese	1,005	450	555	45	15	30
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	35	20	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	55	35	25
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	1,845	830	1,020
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	1,495	740	755
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	350	90	260
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	5	5	5
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	5,555	2,835	2,720
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	205	115	90
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	4,935	2,520	2,410
Uyghur	385	195	195	140	75	75
Uzbek	595	300	295	120	60	60
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	150	65	85
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	4,020	1,775	2,245
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	150	60	90
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	220	70	150
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	3,650	1,650	2,005
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	395	210	180
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	91,675	45,610	46,070
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	25,185	12,820	12,370
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	18,760	9,105	9,655
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	37,330	18,385	18,945
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	10,410	5,305	5,100
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	1,914,760	933,260	981,495
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	1,740,120	848,190	891,920
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	1,390,200	681,120	709,085
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	437,070	216,650	220,420
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	953,130	464,465	488,665
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	349,915	167,075	182,835
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	230	100	130
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	135	60	75
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	130	60	70
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	5	5
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	15	5	15
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	5	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	30	15	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	65	30	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	70	25	45
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	60	20	40
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	10	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	10	10	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	349,685	166,975	182,705
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	58,305	29,780	28,525
Berber languages	65	30	30	5,315	2,790	2,525
Kabyle	35	15	15	3,640	1,920	1,720
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	1,675	875	800
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	335	145	195
Bilen	40	15	20	5	0	5
Oromo	545	250	290	5	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	325	135	185
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	5	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	52,600	26,815	25,780
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	290	130	155
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	50,575	25,800	24,770
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	35	15	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	5	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	1,500	775	730
Maltese	875	395	475	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	180	85	95
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	15	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	60	25	35
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	17,930	8,340	9,585
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	3,120	1,425	1,695
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	14,805	6,915	7,890
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	8,615	3,420	5,190
Bikol	85	35	45	10	5	5
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	210	90	115
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	115	50	65
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	695	285	410
Malagasy	10	5	5	135	70	65
Malay	1,455	705	750	130	70	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	55	30	25
Pangasinan	80	35	40	15	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	7,195	2,795	4,400
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	10	5	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	45	20	30
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	14,360	6,180	8,180
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	570	260	305
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	13,580	5,825	7,755
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	210	95	115
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	9,265	4,605	4,665
Kannada	830	415	410	120	70	55
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	155	75	80
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	8,700	4,290	4,415
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	280	165	115
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	15	10	5
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	185,570	88,155	97,420
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	990	485	505
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	5,185	2,375	2,810
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	25,165	11,655	13,510
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	135	55	85
Latvian	600	245	355	55	30	30
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	80	30	55
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	25,025	11,605	13,430
Belarusan	125	60	65	15	10	10
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	165	75	90
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	3,115	1,500	1,610
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	520	240	280
Czech	1,415	685	730	245	115	135
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	60	30	30
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	3,985	1,770	2,210
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	13,830	6,450	7,385
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	870	430	445
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	200	90	110
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	135	65	75
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	130	55	80
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	1,725	765	955
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	20	10	10
Celtic languages	65	35	30	10	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	5	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	10	10	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	6,165	3,130	3,035
Afrikaans	265	125	145	10	5	5
Danish	135	65	75	25	15	10
Dutch	655	300	350	190	90	95
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	1,075	485	595
Icelandic	20	5	15	30	15	20
Norwegian	45	15	20	10	10	5
Swedish	220	100	120	75	35	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	10	0	10
Yiddish	350	175	175	4,730	2,475	2,250
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	5	0	5
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	10,425	4,915	5,515
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	37,260	18,705	18,555
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	24,025	12,260	11,765
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	7,295	3,620	3,670
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	3,290	1,600	1,685
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	1,160	600	560
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	30	15	15
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	65	35	30
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	105	50	55
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	15	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	6,380	3,460	2,925
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	95	45	50
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	250	120	125
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	5,350	2,715	2,635
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	13,120	6,385	6,740
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	300	150	145
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	675	335	335
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	12,150	5,900	6,255
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	115	60	50
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	100,365	46,870	53,495
Catalan	80	40	45	85	40	45
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	27,910	12,205	15,705
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	9,655	4,555	5,100
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	12,610	6,115	6,500
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	50,085	23,950	26,140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	25	15	10
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	735	310	430
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	65	35	30
Georgian	745	405	335	60	30	35
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	2,950	1,355	1,595
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	125	60	65
Mongolian	200	100	95	120	60	65
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	3,535	1,725	1,805
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	370	180	190
Bamanankan	15	10	10	180	100	80
Edo	295	115	175	10	0	5
Ewe	95	40	55	75	30	45
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	355	175	180
Ga	150	65	85	10	5	5
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	10	0	5
Lingala	95	40	55	375	155	220
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	360	170	195
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	270	115	155
Shona	235	115	125	20	10	10
Swahili	1,225	540	690	275	145	130
Wolof	80	45	35	535	300	240
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	40	15	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	645	325	320
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	35	20	15
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	40	25	15
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	585	345	245
American Sign Language	720	375	345	45	20	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	245	130	125
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	290	195	95
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	41,620	19,770	21,845
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	41,560	19,745	21,820
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	11,620	5,465	6,160
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	105	50	55
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	26,080	12,475	13,605
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	1,410	645	770
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	580	265	315
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	1,730	830	905
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	30	15	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	60	30	30
Burmese	575	260	310	20	10	10
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	15	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	25	15	10
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	930	455	475
Lao	1,050	505	540	810	405	405
Thai	575	255	320	120	50	75
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	3,620	1,800	1,820
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	65	35	35
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	3,315	1,645	1,665
Uyghur	225	120	105	100	55	45
Uzbek	315	165	145	90	45	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	50	20	30
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	1,335	565	775
Estonian	650	240	410	25	10	15
Finnish	510	220	290	35	15	20
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	1,280	535	735
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	95	55	35
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	174,640	85,065	89,575
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	34,135	17,340	16,800
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	38,285	18,350	19,930
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	77,415	36,940	40,475
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	24,805	12,435	12,365
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	1,914,760	933,260	981,495
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	1,358,395	658,445	699,950
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	164,875	83,085	81,790
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	156,830	77,375	79,450
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	183,265	88,830	94,430
Aboriginal	480	205	275	280	100	180
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	182,980	88,730	94,250
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	21,910	11,010	10,900
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	13,995	6,950	7,045
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	14,580	7,085	7,495
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	905	470	435
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	1,591,005	770,805	820,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	1,527,425	741,020	786,410
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	29,198	31,716	27,061
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	1,527,625	741,070	786,560
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	26,873	28,718	25,306
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	1,319,250	651,485	667,770
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	27,843	31,722	24,323
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	1,220,350	562,060	658,295
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	4,964	2,979	7,393
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	1,076,775	552,940	523,830
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	29,102	31,811	26,411
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	1,590,985	770,725	820,255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	1,526,955	740,630	786,320
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	43,670	50,317	37,410
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	1,527,150	740,680	786,470
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	35,155	39,256	31,292
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	1,318,335	651,120	667,220
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	43,430	51,690	35,370
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	1,220,065	561,415	658,650
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,727	6,430	8,832
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	1,076,765	553,085	523,680
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	42,754	49,167	35,982
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	1,590,980	770,730	820,255
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	451,850	249,200	202,655
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	47,182	50,049	44,352
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	62,105	69,189	53,395
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	85.8	90.2	80.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	69.1	73.0	64.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	14.2	9.8	19.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	1,591,005	770,800	820,205
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	63,580	29,780	33,800
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	1,527,425	741,020	786,405
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	239,230	118,900	120,330
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	304,770	130,870	173,895
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	235,475	104,545	130,935
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	186,815	89,430	97,390
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	152,610	72,485	80,125
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	107,705	52,510	55,195
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	75,560	38,430	37,130
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	57,765	30,275	27,490
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	40,455	22,220	18,230
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	27,515	16,235	11,280
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	99,530	65,125	34,410
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	59,525	37,210	22,315
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	40,005	27,915	12,090
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	1,591,010	770,800	820,205
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	63,375	29,730	33,650
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	1,527,630	741,070	786,560
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	244,915	120,610	124,305
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	317,790	137,530	180,260
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	280,350	127,895	152,455
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	233,885	112,565	121,315
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	161,415	77,850	83,565
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	100,755	51,380	49,375
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	64,225	34,415	29,810
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	37,685	21,995	15,695
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	86,605	56,830	29,775
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	23,470	14,370	9,100
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	15,190	9,590	5,605
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	47,945	32,870	15,070
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	1,591,005	770,800	820,205
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	514,235	217,860	296,375
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	1,076,770	552,940	523,830
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	67.7	71.7	63.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	149,120	72,790	76,330
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	93,250	43,420	49,830
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	167,710	80,255	87,455
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	139,770	68,060	71,710
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	124,895	62,855	62,045
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	100,740	50,140	50,605
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	74,565	38,930	35,640
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	55,000	29,590	25,405
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	45,820	24,710	21,105
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	125,895	82,190	43,705
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	30,005	17,920	12,080
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	20,740	13,030	7,710
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	75,150	51,240	23,915
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	870,370	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	52,519	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	46,559	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	342,510	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	30,642	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	27,860	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	527,865	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	71,245	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	62,917	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	870,370	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	76,614	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	61,682	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	342,495	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	41,473	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	33,940	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	527,885	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	99,413	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	79,682	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	870,375	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	24,465	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	21,890	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	38,235	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	53,475	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	50,070	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	44,750	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	45,720	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	47,060	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	46,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	42,660	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	77,510	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	63,470	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	52,580	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	43,035	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	35,265	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	184,085	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	62,300	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	39,105	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	40,015	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	42,665	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	870,370	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	25,565	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	22,120	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	38,565	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	56,115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	56,305	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	52,835	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	57,450	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	57,290	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	53,145	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	49,970	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	85,660	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	67,270	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	52,000	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	41,020	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	31,890	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	123,165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	52,170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	27,430	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	43,565	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	489,520	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	72,845	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	64,039	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	169,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	71,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	61,304	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	208,095	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	91,649	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	79,750	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	95,475	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	49,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	45,426	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	489,420	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	102,221	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	81,540	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	168,840	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	101,556	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	79,271	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	208,250	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	124,472	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	98,758	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	95,425	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	60,918	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	52,129	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	443,405	218,395	225,010
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	27,024	26,960	27,071
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	25,186	24,951	25,373
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	442,760	217,830	224,930
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	37,613	38,298	36,950
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	31,122	31,265	30,983
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	1,894,995	925,870	969,130
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	1,202,765	579,085	623,680
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	287,610	143,600	144,005
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	252,935	116,590	136,340
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	255,250	122,140	133,110
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	221,160	106,575	114,585
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	185,815	90,175	95,640
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	692,230	346,780	345,450
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	160,105	78,680	81,425
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	143,930	71,540	72,390
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	132,120	66,215	65,905
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	119,890	60,885	59,005
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	136,185	69,465	66,725
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	1,894,995	925,865	969,135
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	358,105	182,640	175,460
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	130,840	66,865	63,970
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	1,247,980	617,995	629,985
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	288,910	125,230	163,680
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	403,880	193,540	210,345
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	81,100	41,415	39,685
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	29,655	15,075	14,580
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	262,435	129,925	132,505
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	60,350	22,195	38,150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	21.3	20.9	21.7
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	22.6	22.7	22.6
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	22.7	22.5	22.8
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	21.0	21.0	21.0
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	20.9	17.7	23.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	339,685	166,970	172,710
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	61,200	31,295	29,910
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	22,345	11,355	10,985
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	236,690	120,520	116,175
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	41,790	15,160	26,630
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	17.9	18.0	17.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	17.1	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	17.1	17.0	17.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	19.0	19.5	18.4
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	14.5	12.1	16.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	1,894,995	925,815	969,180
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	1,850,005	908,350	941,655
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	1,342,265	680,010	662,255
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	1,631,820	799,640	832,180
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	900,345	433,465	466,885
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	755	340	415
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	330	185	145
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	265	130	130
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	70	40	25
Plains Cree	50	30	20	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	10
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	120	45	75
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	25	25	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	30	20	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	25	20	10
Algonquin	15	10	10	20	10	10
Ojibway	675	270	405	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	370	120	250
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	335	110	220
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	40	15	30
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	45	35	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	35	35	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	899,645	433,150	466,495
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	188,110	98,615	89,495
Berber languages	245	135	110	18,525	9,830	8,695
Kabyle	80	40	40	11,195	5,980	5,210
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	7,440	3,905	3,535
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	1,045	510	540
Bilen	85	50	35	35	20	15
Oromo	1,390	590	800	25	20	10
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	975	460	515
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	10	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	178,735	93,595	85,140
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	820	405	415
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	162,300	85,065	77,240
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	70	35	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	10	10	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	16,165	8,435	7,730
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	10	10	0
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	255	125	130
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	80	55	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	435	220	215
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	30,725	14,715	16,010
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	6,335	3,050	3,285
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	24,615	11,780	12,835
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	20	15	10
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	25,320	9,560	15,760
Bikol	580	260	325	105	45	55
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	715	260	455
Fijian	50	20	30	0	10	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	445	160	290
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	2,270	825	1,440
Malagasy	90	45	45	835	405	435
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	715	290	425
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	165	80	85
Pangasinan	450	200	255	50	15	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	22,770	8,440	14,335
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	40	10	30
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	320	150	175
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	70,350	31,455	38,895
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	2,895	1,370	1,525
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	66,340	29,580	36,765
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	1,485	705	780
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	14,890	7,650	7,240
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	365	180	180
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	395	225	170
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	13,650	6,960	6,695
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	835	485	345
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	15	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	30	15	15
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	490,850	234,270	256,580
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	2,065	1,045	1,025
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	9,210	4,370	4,840
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	53,575	24,605	28,970
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	715	330	385
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	240	110	135
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	475	225	255
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	52,990	24,340	28,645
Belarusan	945	495	450	190	80	110
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	330	150	180
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	4,430	2,115	2,310
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	1,795	855	940
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	1,275	575	700
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	140	55	80
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	11,085	4,910	6,170
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	30,185	14,095	16,090
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	1,935	890	1,050
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	635	275	360
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	850	395	450
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	570	270	305
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	6,175	2,680	3,495
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	95	45	55
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	280	175	105
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	85	55	30
Welsh	235	115	125	45	20	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	160	100	55
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	34,400	16,995	17,405
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	230	165	70
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	450	210	240
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	2,350	1,225	1,120
Frisian	195	75	115	0	10	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	21,045	10,415	10,630
Icelandic	130	55	75	95	65	30
Norwegian	960	460	500	300	135	165
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	920	410	510
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	250	70	185
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	9,880	4,910	4,965
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	85	45	40
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	26,310	12,845	13,465
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	64,655	33,330	31,320
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	43,825	22,985	20,840
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	11,090	5,680	5,410
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	6,565	3,235	3,330
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	11,865	6,415	5,450
Kashmiri	475	240	235	35	30	10
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	115	55	60
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	375	195	180
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	135	75	60
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	40	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	12,800	7,135	5,665
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	350	160	195
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	925	440	485
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	11,255	5,930	5,315
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	21,235	10,575	10,660
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	675	340	335
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	1,140	615	525
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	19,650	9,770	9,880
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	450	260	190
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	320,755	150,495	170,260
Catalan	315	165	150	550	330	220
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	114,505	54,380	60,120
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	27,360	13,775	13,585
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	22,115	10,440	11,675
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	176,745	81,465	95,285
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	230	145	85
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	4,275	1,930	2,345
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	190	90	100
Georgian	1,465	740	725	195	90	95
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	4,930	2,315	2,620
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	205	110	95
Mongolian	445	190	255	205	105	100
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	26,800	13,565	13,240
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	1,350	710	640
Bamanankan	200	110	90	1,305	685	620
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	145	60	80
Ewe	520	270	250	730	490	240
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	2,090	1,115	980
Ga	1,005	490	515	170	100	75
Ganda	865	410	455	30	10	25
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	180	115	60
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	5,470	2,455	3,015
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	1,510	715	790
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	1,420	680	745
Shona	1,175	515	655	105	55	50
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	2,985	1,500	1,490
Wolof	415	185	230	3,295	1,800	1,495
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	590	330	260
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	8,970	4,620	4,345
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	205	125	75
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	205	130	75
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	2,135	890	1,245
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	300	125	180
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	1,160	435	730
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	760	370	390
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	61,480	28,975	32,505
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	61,355	28,905	32,450
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	20,895	9,735	11,155
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	385	170	210
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	40,720	18,965	21,755
Min Dong	710	285	425	15	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	2,990	1,310	1,675
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	925	420	505
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	3,410	1,665	1,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	75	35	45
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	155	95	65
Burmese	1,325	600	720	70	40	30
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	30	25	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	60	25	30
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	2,785	1,315	1,475
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	2,100	1,035	1,060
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	970	400	570
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	10	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	8,200	4,105	4,100
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	400	220	175
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	7,400	3,705	3,695
Uyghur	490	225	265	175	85	90
Uzbek	815	440	375	185	80	110
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	175	85	85
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	4,905	2,205	2,705
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	105	45	60
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	270	100	170
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	4,525	2,060	2,470
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	1,070	590	485
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,895,000	925,815	969,185
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	1,648,430	803,195	845,235
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	322,920	164,560	158,370
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	1,325,505	638,635	686,870
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	246,565	122,620	123,945
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,894,995	925,815	969,185
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	1,187,260	582,140	605,120
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	644,680	310,250	334,430
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	141,755	66,725	75,035
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	74,335	36,560	37,775
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	108,760	51,330	57,430
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	181,195	87,585	93,610
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	74,840	36,150	38,695
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	106,360	51,435	54,920
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	138,635	68,055	70,585
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	63,060	33,425	29,630
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	644,685	310,250	334,430
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	58,110	28,910	29,200
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	97,545	48,375	49,175
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	128,855	58,300	70,560
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	314,350	153,930	160,420
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	45,815	20,740	25,075
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	644,685	310,250	334,435
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	140,935	64,340	76,600
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	3,960	1,865	2,090
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	9,135	4,295	4,835
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	6,965	3,470	3,500
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	1,825	765	1,060
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	50,160	21,900	28,255
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	3,555	1,525	2,035
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	9,155	4,205	4,955
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	7,400	3,280	4,115
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	2,895	1,305	1,595
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	12,335	6,325	6,005
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	33,555	15,400	18,160
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	172,245	82,670	89,580
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	735	370	365
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	1,075	540	540
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	38,165	20,010	18,155
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	4,240	1,780	2,455
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	10,320	4,995	5,320
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	2,270	1,025	1,240
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	490	270	220
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	39,105	18,405	20,700
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	915	490	420
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	6,930	2,955	3,975
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	9,480	4,385	5,100
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	14,250	6,555	7,695
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	7,480	3,245	4,235
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	1,040	465	575
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	5,750	2,490	3,260
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	7,105	3,680	3,420
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	22,890	10,990	11,900
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	143,550	74,055	69,495
Algeria	1,240	650	595	40,140	20,915	19,220
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	12,710	6,535	6,170
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	735	370	370
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	425	205	220
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	37,365	19,155	18,205
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	910	495	415
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	440	205	230
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	505	275	230
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	50,335	25,885	24,450
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	187,130	88,725	98,400
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	1,490	735	755
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	6,865	3,440	3,425
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	30,715	13,440	17,275
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	2,800	1,335	1,460
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	13,340	6,920	6,425
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	14,160	6,970	7,190
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	1,980	1,035	945
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	1,150	300	855
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	2,800	1,265	1,535
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	20,015	10,680	9,335
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	6,725	3,550	3,180
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	20,535	7,730	12,805
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	8,315	4,135	4,180
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	10,080	5,050	5,025
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	1,660	675	985
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	17,845	8,295	9,550
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	26,650	13,175	13,470
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	825	460	360
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	138,635	68,050	70,585
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	29,030	13,815	15,215
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	1,730	870	860
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	3,180	1,535	1,645
Cuba	1,200	535	660	1,265	650	615
Haiti	865	415	450	11,775	5,370	6,405
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	125	90	35
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	2,595	1,215	1,380
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	2,510	1,415	1,095
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	1,125	540	585
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	4,720	2,130	2,595
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	24,950	12,790	12,155
France	1,400	675	725	12,465	6,725	5,735
Germany	915	490	420	325	155	175
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	80	60	20
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	2,905	1,325	1,575
Romania	1,490	590	900	1,695	735	960
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	1,445	680	765
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	1,640	750	895
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	520	345	180
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	3,880	2,015	1,870
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	47,375	23,710	23,665
Algeria	205	95	115	13,150	6,440	6,710
Cameroon	805	355	450	4,260	2,085	2,170
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	1,655	785	875
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	2,795	1,385	1,415
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	3,215	1,720	1,490
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	45	30	15
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	110	60	50
Morocco	365	145	220	9,615	4,790	4,820
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	400	210	180
Somalia	1,155	555	600	75	40	40
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	105	50	45
Tunisia	125	90	40	3,730	1,885	1,850
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	8,225	4,225	4,000
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	37,060	17,590	19,470
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	255	110	145
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	790	415	375
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	7,780	3,565	4,215
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	75	25	55
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	2,395	1,295	1,100
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	6,745	3,180	3,560
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	380	180	205
Israel	1,665	880	785	490	275	210
Japan	965	265	700	245	25	215
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	665	260	400
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	2,285	1,270	1,015
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	40	25	20
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	1,095	590	505
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	4,825	2,080	2,745
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	345	170	175
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	685	300	390
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	3,980	2,030	1,950
Taiwan	760	300	460	105	50	50
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	395	205	190
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	205	90	110
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	1,020	400	620
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	2,260	1,050	1,210
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	225	145	80
Australia	1,005	615	390	115	80	40
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	105	65	40
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	1,894,995	925,810	969,180
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	719,985	350,065	369,915
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	404,595	203,185	201,415
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	770,420	372,570	397,850
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	511,335	247,530	263,805
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	285,275	147,400	137,875
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	141,270	84,080	57,190
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	144,010	63,325	80,685
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	139,475	55,585	83,890
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	78,760	40,880	37,885
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	7,825	3,670	4,160
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	1,894,995	925,815	969,185
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	13,100	6,090	7,010
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	12,325	5,735	6,595
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	5,905	2,785	3,125
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	5,745	2,725	3,025
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	670	225	445
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	300	145	155
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	470	210	260
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	1,881,900	919,725	962,175
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,895,000	925,815	969,185
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	3,380	1,665	1,715
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	1,891,620	924,150	967,470
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,894,995	925,815	969,185
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	6,345	2,820	3,525
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	6,060	2,685	3,380
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	4,825	2,160	2,675
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	905	430	475
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	330	95	235
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	285	135	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	185	85	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	95	45	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	39,260	17,620	21,645
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	38,625	17,315	21,310
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	33,525	15,010	18,515
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	4,530	2,080	2,445
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	570	225	345
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	635	300	335
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	485	240	250
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	100	45	60
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	1,849,395	905,380	944,015
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	1,894,995	925,815	969,185
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	623,895	305,345	318,545
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	65,665	34,270	31,390
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	63,465	29,420	34,040
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	180,580	86,145	94,430
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	28,680	11,625	17,060
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	71,375	34,600	36,775
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	129,940	68,880	61,060
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	37,325	17,830	19,495
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	18,930	9,395	9,540
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	5,620	2,650	2,965
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	3,060	1,175	1,885
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	5,545	2,630	2,915
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	13,720	6,720	6,995
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	1,271,105	620,470	650,635
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	1,894,995	925,815	969,185
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	45,600	20,430	25,170
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	39,225	17,585	21,645
Inuit	1,360	645	710	1,145	430	715
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	6,150	2,850	3,295
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	591,040	283,995	307,045
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	6,570	3,030	3,540
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	16,130	7,775	8,355
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	542,980	259,895	283,085
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	175	75	95
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	235	115	120
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	195	90	100
Ontarian	645	370	275	270	130	140
Québécois	1,570	780	785	37,925	19,190	18,740
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	80	40	40
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	876,355	429,400	446,955
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	213,610	102,280	111,330
Channel Islander	445	235	210	220	95	125
Cornish	205	105	95	35	15	20
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	80,065	39,050	41,020
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	117,040	54,530	62,510
Manx	815	475	345	110	65	45
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	71,115	33,825	37,290
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	5,465	2,595	2,875
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	15,790	7,470	8,320
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	372,960	185,485	187,475
Alsatian	355	140	215	295	140	155
Breton	60	35	20	1,990	1,015	980
Corsican	60	30	30	650	380	270
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	371,250	184,600	186,645
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	82,830	39,975	42,860
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	6,820	3,305	3,515
Bavarian	155	65	85	30	20	20
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	14,125	6,890	7,235
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	10,050	4,920	5,135
Flemish	910	430	475	445	230	210
Frisian	400	230	165	0	10	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	49,385	23,475	25,910
Luxembourger	305	145	155	355	175	185
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	7,685	3,950	3,740
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	85	50	35
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	10,760	5,215	5,545
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	2,460	1,090	1,370
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	1,520	685	830
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	515	270	250
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	2,860	1,475	1,390
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	3,410	1,605	1,805
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	800	395	405
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	145,755	70,100	75,655
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	5,500	2,610	2,890
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	1,575	770	805
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	3,735	1,815	1,920
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	1,105	575	535
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	630	330	300
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	16,875	8,270	8,605
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	1,230	585	645
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	4,225	2,105	2,115
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	5,110	2,490	2,620
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	46,865	22,825	24,035
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	29,635	14,290	15,345
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	38,265	18,115	20,155
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	2,405	1,190	1,210
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	23,600	11,240	12,355
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	2,545	1,315	1,230
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	273,825	134,115	139,710
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	2,295	1,180	1,120
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	580	280	295
Catalan	160	105	60	470	245	225
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	3,175	1,600	1,570
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	255	140	115
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	35,805	17,910	17,895
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	168,110	82,250	85,860
Kosovar	485	255	225	260	140	120
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	415	220	195
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	605	335	270
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	245	140	100
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	29,890	14,800	15,085
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	2,760	1,265	1,495
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	550	290	265
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	1,360	645	710
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	43,300	20,870	22,435
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	1,270	570	700
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	130	85	45
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	24,805	12,690	12,110
Basque	815	400	415	1,270	705	565
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	19,845	10,105	9,735
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	250	155	90
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	195	95	100
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	3,450	1,760	1,685
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	119,515	54,900	64,620
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	235	125	115
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	225	120	105
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	3,765	1,660	2,100
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	60	20	40
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	300	115	180
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	4,820	2,310	2,505
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	6,945	3,160	3,785
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	1,495	590	900
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	495	225	270
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	82,000	37,695	44,305
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	9,595	4,440	5,155
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	275	130	140
Martinican	160	50	105	1,025	495	525
Montserratan	440	210	230	140	70	65
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	285	145	145
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	530	260	265
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	4,325	1,940	2,385
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	3,285	1,345	1,940
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	3,795	1,665	2,125
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	2,945	1,350	1,600
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	85,035	41,350	43,685
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	3,405	1,635	1,770
Arawak	710	315	395	120	30	95
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	2,740	1,390	1,350
Belizean	355	170	185	25	10	10
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	930	440	485
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	4,350	2,105	2,245
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	6,855	3,460	3,395
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	12,530	5,945	6,580
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	595	300	295
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	1,615	715	895
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	5,830	3,000	2,830
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	2,465	1,205	1,255
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	590	320	265
Honduran	1,750	810	940	2,815	1,355	1,460
Maya	1,135	555	575	960	565	400
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	13,835	6,685	7,150
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	1,500	755	750
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	830	425	410
Paraguayan	305	140	160	190	95	95
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	10,190	4,805	5,385
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	11,535	5,710	5,820
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	870	400	470
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	4,020	1,830	2,195
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	3,410	1,730	1,680
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	224,260	115,410	108,850
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	45,140	23,345	21,795
Akan	700	395	305	395	210	185
Angolan	1,030	490	535	470	225	245
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	65	55	0
Beninese	370	190	180	1,885	950	935
Burkinabe	100	45	55	1,245	670	580
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	8,790	4,475	4,310
Chadian	185	95	90	655	340	310
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	9,960	4,845	5,115
Edo	935	490	445	95	50	40
Ewe	160	90	70	215	135	85
Gabonese	45	10	35	450	195	255
Gambian	545	255	295	80	45	35
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	2,240	1,130	1,115
Guinean	680	335	340	3,080	1,630	1,450
Ibo	1,495	775	720	135	60	75
Ivorian	615	285	330	4,360	2,195	2,170
Liberian	335	140	200	60	25	35
Malian	260	140	125	1,815	920	900
Malinké	220	105	120	400	210	190
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	1,815	975	835
Peulh	60	40	20	1,310	660	650
Senegalese	535	280	255	4,070	2,220	1,845
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	80	40	40
Togolese	315	205	105	1,865	980	880
Wolof	45	25	25	355	210	145
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	285	140	140
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	3,410	1,845	1,565
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	142,110	74,140	67,970
Algerian	1,700	835	870	40,120	20,825	19,295
Berber	680	365	315	21,550	11,345	10,205
Coptic	1,815	935	885	375	210	165
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	17,790	9,220	8,570
Libyan	1,275	685	600	770	410	360
Maure	235	130	105	355	205	150
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	53,670	27,715	25,955
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	215	110	105
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	12,870	6,975	5,890
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	2,135	1,205	930
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	13,315	6,550	6,765
Afrikaner	340	175	170	75	65	10
Amhara	500	240	260	25	10	10
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	900	495	405
Burundian	710	385	325	2,015	970	1,045
Djiboutian	205	95	115	220	100	125
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	335	175	155
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	1,130	565	565
Harari	460	250	210	15	10	10
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	300	135	160
Malagasy	180	75	100	1,490	750	745
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	1,735	825	910
Oromo	830	370	460	10	10	0
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	1,995	935	1,055
Seychellois	165	65	95	480	220	255
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	1,230	590	635
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	540	280	265
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	140	80	55
Tigrian	410	210	200	60	25	40
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	115	50	65
Zambian	385	195	190	30	15	15
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	225	120	105
Zulu	205	100	110	50	20	20
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	875	425	455
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	25,930	12,605	13,325
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	2,125	990	1,135
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	24,195	11,815	12,380
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	353,565	173,390	180,180
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	137,895	70,990	66,905
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	2,395	1,205	1,185
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	27,100	14,270	12,830
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	13,180	6,420	6,765
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	185	110	75
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	435	225	215
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	520	245	280
Hazara	515	280	235	10	10	10
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	19,670	9,825	9,845
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	3,380	1,685	1,690
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	5,195	2,745	2,450
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	1,075	565	515
Kazakh	975	445	530	445	220	225
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	1,395	755	640
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	55	25	25
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	210	115	95
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	40,100	21,075	19,025
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	4,555	2,330	2,225
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	340	185	155
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	550	330	220
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	15,765	8,050	7,715
Tajik	1,425	670	755	110	40	70
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	650	315	340
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	9,590	4,620	4,970
Turkmen	405	205	200	25	15	10
Uighur	545	255	290	295	130	155
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	340	165	180
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	610	320	285
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	1,765	980	785
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	68,825	35,490	33,335
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	6,115	3,155	2,955
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	3,575	1,730	1,840
Bhutanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	35,830	18,630	17,190
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	160	75	90
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	340	165	175
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	230	140	85
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	180	95	80
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	9,510	4,880	4,630
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	2,125	1,235	890
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	205	85	125
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	11,255	5,590	5,665
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	2,505	1,320	1,185
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	1,585	875	705
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	148,715	67,730	80,985
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	175	100	75
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	7,745	3,775	3,975
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	76,085	35,390	40,690
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	30,545	12,430	18,115
Hmong	55	25	30	35	10	20
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	790	340	450
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	4,025	1,580	2,445
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	6,035	2,860	3,180
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	2,805	1,445	1,365
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	425	190	235
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	510	230	280
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	90	50	45
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	1,365	570	795
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	1,105	450	655
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	40	20	15
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	28,155	13,530	14,625
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	225	105	120
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	1,275	675	600
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	1,275	675	595
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	1,870	1,005	865
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	1,240	705	540
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	265	130	135
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	425	205	220
Fijian	1,185	495	690	35	15	20
Hawaiian	225	115	115	25	10	20
Maori	200	105	90	50	40	20
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	130	60	70
Samoan	90	45	50	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	200	100	105
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	870,375	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	348,230	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	522,140	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	870,375	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	161,045	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	709,330	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	870,375	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	14,110	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	254,690	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	292,930	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	216,835	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	91,805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	870,375	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	467,490	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	163,460	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	79,935	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	58,855	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	100,625	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	870,375	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	845,575	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	24,795	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	870,375	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	799,140	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	71,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	870,375	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	334,260	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	284,020	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	100,065	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	55,905	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	28,930	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	32,720	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	34,465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	870,375	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	801,740	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	68,630	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	870,370	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	584,240	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	266,165	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	19,970	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	870,375	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	39,040	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	151,650	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	163,270	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	161,100	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	152,865	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	109,830	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	65,970	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	26,650	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	868,760	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	606,785	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	261,975	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	219,820	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	348,225	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	59.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	20.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,218	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,366	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	399,785	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	462,244	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	522,140	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	8.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	36.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	778	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	851	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	1,590,980	770,730	820,255
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	268,125	127,735	140,390
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	324,455	159,965	164,490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	998,410	483,035	515,370
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	158,510	88,680	69,830
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	115,485	59,085	56,400
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	43,030	29,595	13,435
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	260,250	119,475	140,775
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	63,120	26,705	36,415
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	516,530	248,170	268,360
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	301,965	139,970	161,995
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	48,790	22,955	25,830
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	15,170	7,760	7,415
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	125,995	62,965	63,030
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	24,610	14,520	10,085
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	1,067,000	528,725	538,275
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	112,980	59,375	53,605
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	178,710	93,475	85,230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	775,310	375,870	399,440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	119,695	65,705	53,990
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	88,605	44,645	43,960
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	31,095	21,060	10,030
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	177,940	84,760	93,180
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	47,550	20,660	26,885
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	430,130	204,745	225,380
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	248,180	115,200	132,985
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	40,235	18,395	21,840
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	11,910	5,425	6,485
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	109,920	54,580	55,340
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	19,885	11,150	8,725
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	1,590,985	770,730	820,255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	592,575	287,695	304,880
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	53,045	11,820	41,225
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	53,045	11,820	41,225
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	65,705	31,355	34,350
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	8,345	6,205	2,140
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	57,365	25,145	32,220
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	77,355	30,055	47,300
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	15,000	3,490	11,510
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	8,220	2,515	5,700
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	27,880	11,405	16,475
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	285	105	185
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	4,830	2,990	1,840
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	2,430	1,705	725
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	7,040	3,975	3,060
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	11,675	3,875	7,805
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	141,250	52,575	88,675
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	2,010	530	1,480
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	20,935	7,630	13,305
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	17,860	1,995	15,865
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	25,305	10,650	14,655
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	3,105	835	2,275
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	18,865	4,905	13,955
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	53,170	26,025	27,145
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	228,555	98,790	129,760
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	245	95	145
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	10,680	2,520	8,165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	217,625	96,175	121,455
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	51,035	27,060	23,975
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	20,305	8,320	11,980
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	9,495	5,530	3,970
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	4,380	2,310	2,065
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	15,330	10,085	5,240
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	1,525	805	720
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	52,280	36,525	15,760
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	41,680	31,280	10,405
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	3,625	755	2,870
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	6,135	3,855	2,275
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	840	630	205
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	161,710	137,995	23,710
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	11,440	6,565	4,875
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	66,425	52,940	13,490
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	24,465	21,825	2,635
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	25	10	15
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	22,655	21,670	985
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	23,180	22,285	890
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	13,525	12,700	820
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	9,600	5,025	4,570
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	6,105	3,180	2,920
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	3,500	1,845	1,650
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	113,455	28,650	84,800
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	6,710	3,425	3,285
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	101,665	22,475	79,185
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	5,085	2,755	2,335
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	44,270	23,130	21,140
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	28,675	10,020	18,660
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	55	50	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	170	170	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	7,455	5,825	1,630
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	7,905	7,060	845
Other	335	95	235	145	55	90
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	145	55	90
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	1,067,000	528,725	538,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	291,685	152,855	138,830
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	37,035	8,115	28,920
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	37,030	8,110	28,920
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	52,420	25,525	26,900
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	6,460	4,740	1,720
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	45,955	20,785	25,175
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	53,455	20,955	32,500
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	11,875	2,820	9,050
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	6,265	1,920	4,340
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	16,240	7,070	9,170
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	190	70	120
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	3,530	2,200	1,330
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	1,565	1,100	460
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	5,260	3,050	2,210
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	8,535	2,715	5,820
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	110,575	40,835	69,740
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	1,665	445	1,220
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	17,580	6,520	11,055
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	14,035	1,380	12,655
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	20,640	8,225	12,415
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	2,215	615	1,600
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	14,185	3,610	10,570
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	40,250	20,035	20,210
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	184,055	79,015	105,045
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	205	90	120
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	8,555	2,030	6,525
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	175,300	76,900	98,400
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	34,915	17,965	16,955
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	16,520	6,645	9,875
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	4,635	2,710	1,925
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	1,090	615	475
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	11,490	7,355	4,135
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	1,180	635	550
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	45,775	32,340	13,435
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	37,730	28,385	9,345
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	2,765	645	2,120
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	4,625	2,845	1,780
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	655	460	195
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	127,855	107,035	20,820
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	9,630	5,365	4,260
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	56,565	44,315	12,255
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	18,385	16,350	2,040
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	25	10	20
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	16,340	15,500	845
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	17,245	16,530	715
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	9,655	8,970	685
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	8,060	4,150	3,910
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	5,045	2,570	2,475
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	3,020	1,585	1,430
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	86,710	21,765	64,945
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	5,535	2,815	2,715
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	77,255	17,060	60,195
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	3,920	1,885	2,035
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	34,345	18,150	16,195
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	21,990	7,735	14,255
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	35	25	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	120	120	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	5,770	4,515	1,255
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	6,435	5,765	670
Other	285	80	205	120	35	90
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	125	35	90
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	1,590,985	770,730	820,255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	592,575	287,690	304,880
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	998,410	483,035	515,370
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	766,825	365,725	401,100
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	730,595	346,900	383,695
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	36,225	18,820	17,410
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	231,585	117,315	114,270
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	16,020	9,365	6,655
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	10,640	3,035	7,605
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	5,395	2,935	2,465
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	7,135	4,090	3,045
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	12,015	5,430	6,585
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	39,955	22,250	17,705
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	140,420	70,205	70,215
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	1,067,000	528,720	538,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	291,685	152,855	138,835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	775,310	375,870	399,440
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	584,410	280,785	303,620
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	556,135	266,180	289,960
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	28,270	14,605	13,660
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	190,905	95,085	95,825
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	11,570	6,575	4,990
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	9,045	2,505	6,540
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	3,905	1,980	1,925
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	4,800	2,760	2,045
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	10,835	4,830	6,005
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	34,215	18,870	15,340
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	116,535	57,560	58,975
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	1,590,980	770,730	820,255
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	1,019,360	529,940	489,425
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	927,720	480,600	447,115
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	91,645	49,335	42,310
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	571,625	240,795	330,835
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	64.1	68.8	59.7
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	58.3	62.4	54.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	9.0	9.3	8.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	1,590,985	770,730	820,255
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	553,110	233,515	319,595
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	1,037,875	537,220	500,660
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	466,195	258,815	207,380
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	571,675	278,400	293,270
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	41.7	42.1	41.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	1,019,360	529,935	489,420
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	37,225	18,855	18,375
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	982,135	511,085	471,050
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	861,390	435,915	425,475
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	120,740	75,170	45,575
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	1,019,360	529,935	489,425
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	37,230	18,855	18,375
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	982,135	511,080	471,050
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	102,460	62,870	39,590
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	174,400	64,685	109,715
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	86,460	67,345	19,110
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	66,460	17,440	49,020
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	128,005	41,290	86,720
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	56,345	28,500	27,845
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	244,935	124,900	120,040
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	78,995	74,080	4,915
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	4,615	3,825	790
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	39,460	26,150	13,310
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	1,019,360	529,935	489,425
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	37,230	18,855	18,380
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	982,130	511,085	471,050
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	2,495	1,570	930
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	1,065	790	280
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	4,680	2,860	1,825
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	31,500	27,345	4,155
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	87,555	59,285	28,265
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	44,740	27,130	17,610
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	107,155	52,620	54,535
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	44,395	33,130	11,265
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	43,110	25,720	17,390
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	49,540	24,125	25,415
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	20,385	12,020	8,365
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	107,075	62,855	44,220
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	1,525	630	900
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	52,300	31,480	20,815
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	85,270	31,335	53,935
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	118,530	28,480	90,055
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	26,285	13,675	12,605
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	72,915	38,965	33,950
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	44,295	18,450	25,840
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	37,320	18,620	18,700
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	927,715	480,605	447,115
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	65,840	34,655	31,185
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	4,345	3,000	1,345
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	74,690	51,335	23,355
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	782,840	391,615	391,225
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	782,845	391,615	391,230
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	575,810	278,865	296,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	134,040	69,050	64,995
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	69,715	41,695	28,020
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	3,275	2,005	1,265
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	857,530	442,945	414,580
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	427,530	250,230	177,305
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	26,400	8,575	17,820
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	295,860	128,960	166,895
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	69,410	31,975	37,440
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	30,645	18,895	11,745
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	7,695	4,310	3,380
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	857,530	442,945	414,580
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	130,495	64,645	65,850
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	287,415	153,305	134,115
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	244,380	130,560	113,820
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	107,170	52,160	55,010
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	88,065	42,275	45,790
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	857,530	442,945	414,585
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	43,455	30,780	12,675
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	120,205	69,870	50,335
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	237,660	111,655	126,000
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	209,795	98,520	111,275
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	119,630	58,555	61,070
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	126,790	73,560	53,225
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	1,074,970	555,425	519,540
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	914,950	471,330	443,615
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	901,375	464,545	436,830
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	292,300	156,175	136,130
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	609,070	308,365	300,705
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	13,575	6,790	6,790
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	50	15	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	25	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	25	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	25	0	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	13,530	6,780	6,755
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	1,140	690	450
Berber languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	1,120	690	430
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	1,000	625	375
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	120	65	60
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	1,305	650	660
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	175	75	105
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	1,130	575	560
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	125	60	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	105	45	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	185	60	125
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	180	60	120
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	120	65	60
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	120	70	55
Telugu	35	0	25	10	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	5,980	2,910	3,065
Albanian	210	125	85	15	15	0
Armenian	140	65	70	110	60	45
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	885	400	485
Baltic languages	55	20	30	15	10	10
Latvian	10	10	10	10	10	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	870	390	480
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	25	10	20
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	10	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	145	60	85
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	565	270	290
Serbian	160	110	55	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	105	35	70
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	755	300	455
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	10	0	10
Dutch	60	40	25	15	0	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	175	65	110
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	545	230	320
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	310	160	150
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	925	545	380
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	435	275	165
Bengali	300	145	155	85	65	20
Gujarati	615	210	405	15	10	10
Hindi	740	355	385	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	255	150	100
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	60	35	25
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	485	270	215
Kurdish	85	75	10	10	0	10
Pashto	10	10	10	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	475	270	200
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	2,985	1,440	1,550
Catalan	10	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	775	415	355	455	255	200
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	375	220	160
Romanian	245	105	140	230	105	120
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	1,915	860	1,050
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	180	70	110
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	10	0	10
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	275	140	135
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	65	25	35
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	30	0	30
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	35	25	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	4,000	2,045	1,950
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	4,000	2,050	1,950
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	1,615	785	835
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	2,155	1,160	1,000
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	50	25	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	15	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	160	75	85
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	25	15	15
Lao	10	0	10	10	10	0
Thai	65	30	30	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	75	35	40
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	80	35	40
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	30	0	25
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	30	0	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	10
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	160,020	84,100	75,925
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	144,525	76,125	68,400
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	4,385	2,475	1,905
French and non-official language	85	45	40	3,725	1,770	1,960
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	7,385	3,720	3,660
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	1,074,970	555,425	519,540
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	585,490	298,310	287,175
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	289,290	152,320	136,975
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	159,505	83,705	75,800
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	27,455	14,470	12,985
Aboriginal	155	50	105	120	55	70
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	27,335	14,410	12,920
English and French	85	45	45	1,145	535	610
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	7,690	3,670	4,020
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	4,370	2,405	1,965
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	30	20	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	1,872,860	914,480	958,380
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	1,596,465	775,885	820,580
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	276,395	138,595	137,800
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	192,940	96,765	96,170
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	83,455	41,825	41,630
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	43,805	21,870	21,935
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	35,005	17,190	17,815
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	8,800	4,680	4,120
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	39,650	19,960	19,695
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	1,785,390	869,675	915,715
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	1,013,590	485,800	527,790
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	771,800	383,875	387,925
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	487,230	242,160	245,075
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	284,570	141,715	142,850
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	126,750	62,015	64,740
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	105,505	51,380	54,120
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	21,250	10,630	10,615
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	157,815	79,705	78,115