Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Aurora--Oak Ridges--Richmond Hill [Federal electoral district], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Aurora--Oak Ridges--Richmond Hill Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Aurora--Oak Ridges--Richmond Hill [Federal electoral district], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	115,227	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	106,064	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	36,164	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	35,222	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	1,217.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	94.63	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	115,230	56,280	58,945
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	21,820	11,215	10,610
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	5,550	2,805	2,745
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	7,500	3,810	3,685
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	8,775	4,595	4,180
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	80,000	38,980	41,025
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	8,975	4,720	4,265
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	7,650	3,960	3,690
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	5,665	2,850	2,810
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	5,260	2,475	2,780
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	6,700	2,865	3,835
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	9,565	4,280	5,280
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	11,265	5,360	5,905
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	10,695	5,380	5,315
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	8,540	4,270	4,265
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	5,690	2,810	2,880
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	13,400	6,090	7,310
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	4,525	2,185	2,340
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	3,115	1,460	1,650
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	2,345	1,135	1,210
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	1,600	705	895
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	1,810	600	1,210
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	1,090	410	680
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	550	160	390
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	150	25	120
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	25	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	18.9	19.9	18.0
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	69.4	69.3	69.6
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	11.6	10.8	12.4
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.6	1.1	2.1
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	38.6	37.7	39.3
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	40.9	40.1	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	35,225	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	24,315	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	850	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	10,060	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	1,750	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	6,540	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	735	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	1,040	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	35,220	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	3,740	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	8,050	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	8,090	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	9,710	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	5,630	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	114,055	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	3.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	93,405	45,070	48,335
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	59,390	29,515	29,875
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	56,265	27,975	28,290
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	3,125	1,540	1,585
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	34,015	15,550	18,460
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	25,015	13,220	11,795
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	1,700	580	1,120
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	3,620	1,125	2,500
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	3,675	635	3,045
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	33,015	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	10,520	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	9,015	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	10,280	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	3,195	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	33,010	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	29,005	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	27,445	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	1,560	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	4,005	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	3,300	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	705	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	29,005	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	8,350	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	20,655	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	7,595	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	9,960	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	3,100	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	4,005	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	2,170	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	1,420	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	8,145	3,185	4,960
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	35,220	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	29,000	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	6,545	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	22,450	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	1,950	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	4,275	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	3,745	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	535	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	114,280	56,010	58,270
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	98,885	49,605	49,280
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	60	25	30
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	9,955	4,240	5,715
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	5,380	2,140	3,240
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	114,280	56,010	58,270
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	106,400	52,780	53,625
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	1,040	450	585
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	1,535	675	855
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	5,305	2,105	3,200
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	1,805	790	1,015
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.6	1.4	1.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	114,280	56,015	58,270
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	110,085	53,975	56,115
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	51,495	26,050	25,445
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	50,570	25,645	24,925
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	925	405	520
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	58,595	27,925	30,670
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	0	5	0
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	0	5	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	58,595	27,920	30,670
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	2,215	1,130	1,090
Berber languages	220	130	90	0	0	0
Kabyle	105	60	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	40	20	25
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	40	20	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	2,175	1,105	1,065
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	10	5	10
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	1,730	870	855
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	30	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	10	0	10
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	360	200	160
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	25	10	10
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	405	175	230
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	40	20	20
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	365	155	210
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	1,085	380	705
Bikol	470	210	260	0	0	0
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	15	5	5
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	10	5	5
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	70	20	45
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	100	45	55
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	5	0	5
Pangasinan	450	185	270	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	885	305	580
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	5	0	5
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	75	40	35
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	60	40	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	1,085	520	565
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	15	15	5
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	170	85	85
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	800	380	420
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	95	45	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	27,680	13,355	14,325
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	130	65	65
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	405	195	215
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	6,960	3,300	3,655
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	85	30	55
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	45	15	30
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	40	15	30
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	6,880	3,270	3,605
Belarusan	355	170	185	15	5	10
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	5	5	5
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	120	60	60
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	115	50	65
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	50	20	30
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	245	120	125
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	480	225	250
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	5,330	2,555	2,775
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	150	70	80
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	15	10	5
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	45	15	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	45	30	20
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	260	110	155
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	5	5	0
Celtic languages	460	210	250	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	5	0	0
Welsh	150	65	85	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	745	330	420
Afrikaans	985	475	510	30	15	15
Danish	1,570	710	855	35	15	15
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	160	75	90
Frisian	135	60	75	0	0	0
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	460	205	260
Icelandic	85	40	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	10	5	5
Swedish	1,140	485	660	15	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	5	0	0
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	30	20	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	910	435	470
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	12,035	5,910	6,125
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	3,315	1,590	1,730
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	180	95	80
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	810	370	435
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	400	195	205
Kashmiri	275	140	140	15	5	5
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	10	5	5
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	20	10	5
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	25	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	300	155	155
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	265	125	145
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	150	75	75
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	1,145	540	605
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	8,675	4,300	4,375
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	110	60	50
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	65	35	30
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	8,495	4,205	4,295
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	45	25	15
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	6,480	3,110	3,370
Catalan	165	90	75	5	0	0
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	3,600	1,780	1,825
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	540	235	310
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	1,090	515	575
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	1,235	575	660
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	5	5	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	140	45	95
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	0	5
Georgian	1,110	595	515	10	5	5
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	2,100	985	1,110
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	0	5	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	200	95	110
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	30	15	25
Bamanankan	60	30	30	5	5	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	0	0	0
Ewe	370	185	190	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	5	5	5
Ga	440	200	245	5	0	5
Ganda	515	245	270	10	5	5
Igbo	1,520	775	750	5	5	0
Lingala	375	175	200	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	0	0	0
Shona	680	325	355	0	0	0
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	75	30	40
Wolof	160	90	80	0	0	0
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	20	15	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	35	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	5	5	5
Dinka	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	5	5	5
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	10	5	5
American Sign Language	470	250	220	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	10	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	22,600	10,710	11,890
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	22,575	10,700	11,880
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	10,150	4,875	5,275
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	145	65	85
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	11,550	5,430	6,125
Min Dong	765	370	395	20	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	255	115	140
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	275	125	155
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	165	75	90
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	20	10	15
Burmese	1,005	450	555	10	5	10
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	75	30	45
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	55	20	30
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	20	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	395	210	185
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	130	75	60
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	225	120	105
Uyghur	385	195	195	0	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	20	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	20	10	15
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	505	240	270
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	45	15	30
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	60	30	25
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	400	190	210
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	5	0	5
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	4,190	2,035	2,155
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	310	160	155
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	3,605	1,760	1,840
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	100	40	55
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	175	75	100
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	114,280	56,010	58,270
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	103,870	50,980	52,890
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	68,560	34,150	34,410
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	68,185	33,970	34,210
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	380	175	205
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	35,310	16,830	18,475
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	35,305	16,830	18,475
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	1,065	515	545
Berber languages	65	30	30	5	5	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	25	10	10
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	0	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	25	15	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	1,040	505	535
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	0	0	0
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	830	395	430
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	15	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	10	5	5
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	175	90	80
Maltese	875	395	475	5	5	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	0	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	200	85	115
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	20	5	10
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	180	80	105
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	5	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	325	140	185
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	0	0	0
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	30	10	20
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	35	20	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	5
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	255	105	145
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	30	15	20
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	30	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	610	290	325
Kannada	830	415	410	5	0	0
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	70	35	35
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	490	225	270
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	40	20	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	13,890	6,670	7,215
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	65	30	30
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	215	95	115
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	4,085	1,975	2,110
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	25	15	15
Latvian	600	245	355	5	0	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	20	10	10
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	4,055	1,960	2,090
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	0	0	0
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	60	30	30
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	20	10	10
Czech	1,415	685	730	5	0	0
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	65	30	35
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	160	80	80
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	3,565	1,725	1,840
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	50	20	30
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	5	0	5
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	15	5	10
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	95	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	5	5	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	80	30	50
Afrikaans	265	125	145	5	0	0
Danish	135	65	75	0	0	0
Dutch	655	300	350	10	5	10
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	60	20	30
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	210	105	110
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	7,350	3,570	3,785
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	1,460	675	785
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	95	45	45
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	340	145	190
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	160	75	90
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	0	0	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	0	0	5
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	15	5	10
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	120	60	60
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	95	40	55
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	65	30	35
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	570	270	300
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	5,865	2,880	2,985
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	70	35	30
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	35	20	15
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	5,760	2,820	2,940
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	1,885	865	1,020
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	630	280	355
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	110	50	65
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	545	245	295
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	595	285	305
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	45	20	30
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	5	5	5
Georgian	745	405	335	5	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	1,445	695	750
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	55	20	30
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	20	5	10
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	5	5	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	5	5	0
Igbo	410	205	205	5	0	0
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	0	0	0
Shona	235	115	125	0	0	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	15	5	5
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	0	0	5
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	15	10	5
American Sign Language	720	375	345	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	17,255	8,200	9,055
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	17,250	8,200	9,055
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	7,615	3,590	4,025
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	50	25	30
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	9,230	4,420	4,810
Min Dong	240	105	135	5	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	55	20	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	180	85	100
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	110	50	60
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	5	0	5
Burmese	575	260	310	0	0	0
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	30	10	15
Lao	1,050	505	540	20	10	15
Thai	575	255	320	0	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	165	80	80
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	70	40	35
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	85	40	45
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	5	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	160	70	90
Estonian	650	240	410	5	5	5
Finnish	510	220	290	15	5	10
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	140	60	80
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	0	0	0
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	10,410	5,035	5,375
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	260	115	140
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	9,875	4,790	5,080
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	30	15	20
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	250	115	135
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	114,280	56,010	58,265
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	81,525	40,235	41,290
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	15,415	7,635	7,785
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	1,025	410	620
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	15,715	7,460	8,250
Aboriginal	480	205	275	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	15,715	7,465	8,250
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	110	40	65
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	285	145	140
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	200	85	110
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	5	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	92,260	44,750	47,510
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	86,705	41,940	44,765
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	33,834	41,521	28,709
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	86,730	41,945	44,780
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	30,989	37,104	26,716
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	79,055	39,060	40,000
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	35,424	43,467	29,083
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	59,535	25,700	33,840
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	1,460	645	2,338
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	67,250	34,160	33,095
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	38,729	45,868	33,219
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	92,415	44,840	47,580
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	86,820	42,060	44,765
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	55,658	67,651	44,390
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	86,835	42,070	44,765
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	44,062	51,955	36,645
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	79,280	39,150	40,130
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	57,178	69,863	44,804
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	59,625	25,905	33,720
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	5,016	4,255	5,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	67,345	34,135	33,210
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	57,899	68,976	46,514
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	92,415	44,835	47,580
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	33,545	18,790	14,755
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	66,017	72,736	59,972
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	83,551	93,464	70,928
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	93.7	96.1	90.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	81.2	83.7	77.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	6.3	3.9	9.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	92,265	44,750	47,510
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	5,555	2,805	2,750
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	86,705	41,945	44,760
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	94.0	93.7	94.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	17,045	7,335	9,710
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	14,260	6,130	8,130
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	9,145	4,030	5,115
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	6,970	3,030	3,940
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	6,460	2,810	3,645
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	5,530	2,510	3,020
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	4,505	2,215	2,285
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	3,920	2,065	1,855
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	3,635	1,975	1,655
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	3,585	1,915	1,665
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	11,650	7,910	3,735
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	7,330	4,720	2,610
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	4,320	3,200	1,125
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	92,260	44,750	47,510
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	5,535	2,800	2,730
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	86,730	41,950	44,780
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	94.0	93.7	94.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	17,340	7,430	9,910
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	14,790	6,370	8,420
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	10,405	4,620	5,785
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	8,380	3,640	4,740
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	7,630	3,465	4,170
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	6,225	3,005	3,220
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	5,325	2,885	2,435
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	4,875	2,670	2,205
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	11,750	7,855	3,895
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	3,565	2,100	1,460
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	2,150	1,390	765
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	6,035	4,360	1,670
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	92,260	44,750	47,510
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	25,010	10,595	14,420
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	67,250	34,155	33,095
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	72.9	76.3	69.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	8,165	3,705	4,460
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	5,695	2,555	3,140
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	8,815	4,175	4,640
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	6,260	2,915	3,340
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	5,320	2,340	2,985
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	5,080	2,240	2,845
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	4,390	2,035	2,355
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	3,745	1,850	1,895
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	3,370	1,805	1,570
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	16,400	10,535	5,870
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	3,165	1,760	1,405
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	3,375	1,800	1,580
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	9,860	6,975	2,885
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	35,220	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	106,395	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	91,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	3,745	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	44,719	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	39,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	31,480	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	115,185	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	98,147	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	35,255	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	137,070	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	108,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	3,740	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	72,613	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	54,366	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	31,515	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	144,727	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	114,962	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	35,220	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	535	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	335	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	465	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	620	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	750	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	940	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	940	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	980	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	940	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	895	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	1,910	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	1,725	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	1,780	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	1,780	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	1,850	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	18,765	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	4,230	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	3,565	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	5,035	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	5,940	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	35,220	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	590	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	345	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	470	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	670	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	995	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	1,085	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	1,055	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	1,105	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	1,135	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	2,200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	2,230	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	2,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	2,375	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	2,180	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	15,655	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	4,865	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	3,690	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	7,105	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	31,250	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	114,424	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	97,413	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	6,300	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	95,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	81,770	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	20,685	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	130,865	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	110,494	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	3,495	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	65,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	58,837	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	31,350	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	143,449	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	113,955	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	6,390	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	135,116	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	104,295	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	20,735	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	157,210	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	125,018	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	3,500	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	81,503	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	68,353	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	5,365	2,405	2,955
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	36,690	41,451	33,728
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	33,048	36,339	30,713
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	5,285	2,260	3,020
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	63,445	68,293	59,815
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	48,002	51,644	45,276
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	114,060	55,945	58,110
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	42,985	20,680	22,310
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	9,650	4,695	4,960
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	8,260	3,885	4,375
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	7,860	3,720	4,135
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	8,175	3,945	4,230
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	9,040	4,435	4,610
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	71,070	35,270	35,800
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	9,660	4,755	4,915
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	11,205	5,565	5,640
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	13,290	6,605	6,685
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	16,470	8,145	8,325
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	20,445	10,205	10,240
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	114,055	55,950	58,110
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	27,375	14,135	13,240
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	6,870	3,490	3,380
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	74,255	35,965	38,285
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	12,420	5,845	6,575
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	13,910	6,705	7,205
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	3,900	2,055	1,840
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	1,010	530	485
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	8,665	4,025	4,640
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	1,345	625	720
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	12.2	12.0	12.4
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	14.2	14.5	13.9
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	14.7	15.2	14.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	11.7	11.2	12.1
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	10.8	10.7	11.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	10,875	5,255	5,625
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	3,050	1,620	1,435
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	785	415	370
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	7,005	3,270	3,735
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	820	365	460
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	9.5	9.4	9.7
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	11.1	11.5	10.8
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	11.4	11.9	10.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	9.4	9.1	9.8
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	6.6	6.2	7.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	114,305	56,100	58,210
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	108,990	53,945	55,050
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	108,915	53,900	55,015
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	10,120	4,290	5,830
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	69,500	33,295	36,205
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	0	0	0
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	0	0	0
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	10
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	69,500	33,295	36,200
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	3,920	2,115	1,800
Berber languages	245	135	110	0	0	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	10	10	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	105	50	55
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	10	0	0
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	95	50	45
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	3,820	2,070	1,755
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	15	0	15
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	2,320	1,260	1,060
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	80	25	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	1,420	775	640
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	30	10	20
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	10	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	660	265	395
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	55	20	30
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	600	240	365
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	1,275	445	830
Bikol	580	260	325	15	10	10
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	25	10	20
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	30	20	10
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	85	20	60
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	155	70	90
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	10	0	10
Pangasinan	450	200	255	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	1,050	360	685
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	20	0	15
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	155	80	75
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	110	60	55
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	40	25	20
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	1,475	705	760
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	40	15	20
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	230	105	125
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	1,175	565	615
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	120	70	55
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	34,515	16,715	17,810
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	175	110	65
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	425	205	220
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	7,800	3,710	4,085
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	130	55	75
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	35	20	15
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	95	40	60
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	7,750	3,690	4,065
Belarusan	945	495	450	45	25	20
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	0	0	0
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	90	40	55
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	185	80	100
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	30	10	20
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	285	150	135
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	535	260	275
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	6,315	3,005	3,310
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	220	110	115
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	20	10	10
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	60	15	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	60	40	25
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	600	300	300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	15	15	0
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	0	10	0
Welsh	235	115	125	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	1,420	650	770
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	95	55	40
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	30	15	20
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	240	120	115
Frisian	195	75	115	0	0	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	935	415	515
Icelandic	130	55	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	50	15	35
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	65	30	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	0	0	0
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	40	25	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	1,420	675	745
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	15,220	7,470	7,750
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	5,205	2,555	2,650
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	205	105	105
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	1,540	725	820
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	1,645	810	835
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	35	20	15
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	35	15	20
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	15	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	845	415	435
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	430	170	260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	190	90	100
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	2,070	1,060	1,010
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	10,045	4,945	5,100
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	145	70	75
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	105	55	50
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	9,965	4,905	5,060
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	100	50	55
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	9,025	4,355	4,670
Catalan	315	165	150	0	10	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	5,365	2,650	2,710
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	675	305	365
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	1,165	555	610
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	2,110	975	1,135
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	0	0	0
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	280	135	150
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	2,495	1,180	1,310
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	10	0	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	525	255	265
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	35	15	25
Bamanankan	200	110	90	30	25	10
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	30	10	15
Ewe	520	270	250	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	25	10	10
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	10	10	0
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	0	0	0
Shona	1,175	515	655	0	0	0
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	245	105	135
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	40	15	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	120	70	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	15	0	10
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	10	10	10
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	60	25	35
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	40	10	25
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	25,310	11,985	13,330
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	25,310	11,975	13,330
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	12,690	5,915	6,780
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	145	55	90
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	15,375	7,215	8,155
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	305	155	155
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	500	215	280
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	210	110	100
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	10	0	10
Burmese	1,325	600	720	0	0	0
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	0	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	75	35	40
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	55	30	25
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	15	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	830	410	415
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	290	155	135
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	540	250	285
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	40	15	20
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	720	350	370
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	80	20	50
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	105	45	60
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	540	285	265
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	114,305	56,095	58,205
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	101,915	50,460	51,450
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	25,650	13,230	12,420
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	76,265	37,230	39,035
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	12,390	5,640	6,755
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	114,305	56,095	58,210
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	56,830	28,705	28,125
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	56,115	26,780	29,335
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	9,035	4,440	4,595
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	7,455	3,660	3,800
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	16,060	7,685	8,375
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	16,990	8,005	8,985
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	9,690	4,620	5,075
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	7,295	3,385	3,915
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	6,570	2,995	3,575
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	1,360	610	750
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	56,115	26,785	29,330
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	5,010	2,570	2,435
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	9,410	4,740	4,670
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	9,750	4,555	5,200
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	25,625	11,980	13,645
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	6,315	2,935	3,380
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	56,115	26,780	29,335
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	3,205	1,530	1,680
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	75	35	45
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	200	100	100
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	40	10	30
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	355	165	195
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	15	0	10
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	540	240	300
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	70	30	40
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	95	35	55
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	330	160	170
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	810	375	430
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	680	365	315
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	11,405	5,480	5,920
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	80	40	45
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	65	15	50
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	65	15	45
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	385	195	190
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	485	245	240
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	200	110	90
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	95	60	30
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	1,740	905	835
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	130	75	50
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	385	180	205
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	300	130	170
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	965	450	515
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	1,960	830	1,130
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	80	35	45
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	1,275	650	625
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	1,570	755	815
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	1,620	785	835
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	3,005	1,440	1,565
Algeria	1,240	650	595	10	10	0
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	890	440	450
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	25	10	15
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	310	130	180
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	40	20	15
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	145	80	60
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	65	30	35
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	295	150	145
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	1,235	575	655
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	38,410	18,280	20,130
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	820	415	410
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	105	60	45
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	12,365	5,700	6,660
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	5,595	2,705	2,895
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	1,845	910	930
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	7,240	3,550	3,685
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	505	260	250
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	85	25	65
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	1,870	875	990
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	260	150	115
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	1,235	610	630
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	1,125	425	700
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	835	380	450
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	50	25	25
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	430	205	230
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	860	350	510
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	3,185	1,640	1,545
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	90	55	35
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	6,570	2,995	3,570
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	330	155	175
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	35	10	25
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	20	10	10
Cuba	1,200	535	660	10	0	0
Haiti	865	415	450	0	0	0
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	10	0	10
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	15	0	15
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	140	75	65
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	90	45	45
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	645	305	340
France	1,400	675	725	0	0	0
Germany	915	490	420	25	15	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	20	10	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	20	0	15
Romania	1,490	590	900	50	20	35
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	210	80	130
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	110	60	40
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	60	35	25
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	155	75	75
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	395	175	215
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	20	0	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	0	0	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	230	105	130
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	0	0	0
Morocco	365	145	220	0	0	0
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	30	20	10
Somalia	1,155	555	600	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	15	0	10
Tunisia	125	90	40	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	90	40	55
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	5,200	2,360	2,840
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	105	50	55
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	2,605	1,230	1,375
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	120	50	75
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	130	40	85
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	1,285	605	680
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	25	10	15
Israel	1,665	880	785	95	60	35
Japan	965	265	700	15	10	0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	145	55	95
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	0	0	10
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	0	0	0
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	230	100	135
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	215	55	155
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	15	10	10
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	25	10	10
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	10	0	0
Taiwan	760	300	460	25	20	10
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	10	10	0
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	20	10	15
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	115	45	70
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	0	0	0
Australia	1,005	615	390	0	0	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	114,305	56,095	58,205
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	58,105	27,715	30,390
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	32,815	16,500	16,310
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	23,385	11,880	11,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	47,715	22,660	25,055
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	31,210	15,565	15,650
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	11,815	8,005	3,810
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	19,400	7,560	11,840
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	10,745	4,170	6,570
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	5,060	2,590	2,465
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	705	335	365
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	114,305	56,095	58,210
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	445	210	230
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	400	180	220
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	220	105	120
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	175	75	100
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	15	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	25	15	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	113,865	55,890	57,975
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	114,300	56,095	58,210
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	175	75	105
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	114,130	56,025	58,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	114,305	56,095	58,210
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	60	30	35
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	55	25	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	40	25	15
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	15	0	15
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	775	370	400
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	755	365	390
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	565	295	265
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	180	60	115
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	113,470	55,695	57,770
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	114,305	56,100	58,210
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	59,075	28,575	30,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	9,065	4,495	4,570
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	27,545	13,105	14,435
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	2,330	1,205	1,120
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	1,625	610	1,020
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	905	425	475
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	2,145	1,100	1,045
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	895	405	490
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	9,290	4,610	4,680
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	2,810	1,340	1,470
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	360	195	165
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	450	265	190
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,665	820	845
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	55,230	27,520	27,715
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	114,305	56,100	58,210
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	835	400	440
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	620	325	295
Inuit	1,360	645	710	20	10	10
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	215	70	145
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	12,460	6,285	6,170
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	55	25	30
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	680	315	360
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	11,945	6,050	5,895
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	35	20	20
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	0	10	0
Ontarian	645	370	275	20	10	10
Québécois	1,570	780	785	25	10	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	0	0	0
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	51,465	25,555	25,910
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	19,605	9,760	9,845
Channel Islander	445	235	210	0	0	10
Cornish	205	105	95	0	0	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	11,205	5,535	5,670
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	8,075	3,935	4,140
Manx	815	475	345	15	10	0
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	8,245	4,195	4,055
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	920	455	465
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	1,870	875	995
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	3,370	1,670	1,695
Alsatian	355	140	215	0	0	0
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	3,365	1,670	1,695
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	6,690	3,305	3,385
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	625	320	305
Bavarian	155	65	85	0	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	120	50	65
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	1,625	785	835
Flemish	910	430	475	40	10	30
Frisian	400	230	165	0	0	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	4,670	2,315	2,350
Luxembourger	305	145	155	0	0	0
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	255	120	130
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	10	0	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	1,200	535	670
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	220	95	125
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	335	140	195
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	65	45	25
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	310	135	175
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	245	95	150
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	90	50	40
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	13,665	6,775	6,885
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	145	70	80
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	470	235	240
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	170	105	75
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	105	55	45
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	170	75	95
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	1,260	615	645
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	180	65	105
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	340	185	165
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	215	140	80
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	3,600	1,875	1,720
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	1,625	815	815
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	5,910	2,850	3,060
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	205	90	115
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	2,955	1,485	1,470
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	125	60	60
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	20,195	10,275	9,925
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	250	155	95
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	15	0	15
Catalan	160	105	60	0	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	410	170	245
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	75	40	40
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	2,660	1,335	1,320
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	14,160	7,265	6,900
Kosovar	485	255	225	0	0	0
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	770	400	365
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	270	125	145
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	15	0	10
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	1,785	885	900
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	340	185	155
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	40	15	30
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	240	140	100
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	1,015	425	585
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	100	45	55
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	0	0	10
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	2,090	1,085	1,005
Basque	815	400	415	25	20	10
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	1,915	975	940
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	10	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	140	85	55
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	2,195	1,125	1,070
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	20	10	10
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	20	0	20
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	165	80	80
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	20	10	10
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	45	25	20
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	45	30	10
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	25	10	20
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	70	50	15
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	40	15	20
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	1,085	535	550
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	15	10	10
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	0	0	0
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	395	210	180
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	50	20	30
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	365	205	165
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	20	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	1,990	945	1,040
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	30	10	20
Arawak	710	315	395	10	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	110	60	50
Belizean	355	170	185	15	10	10
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	0	0	0
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	80	40	45
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	110	40	75
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	345	165	185
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	0	10	0
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	270	135	135
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	25	15	15
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	400	200	200
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	30	10	15
Honduran	1,750	810	940	0	0	0
Maya	1,135	555	575	0	0	0
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	135	70	65
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	55	35	20
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	20	0	10
Paraguayan	305	140	160	0	0	0
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	185	65	120
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	90	40	55
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	30	20	10
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	80	30	50
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	100	55	50
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	3,305	1,690	1,610
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	380	210	170
Akan	700	395	305	10	0	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	35	25	15
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	0	0	0
Edo	935	490	445	35	20	10
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	45	20	25
Guinean	680	335	340	0	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	0	0	0
Ivorian	615	285	330	10	10	0
Liberian	335	140	200	0	0	0
Malian	260	140	125	35	30	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	200	95	105
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	0	0	0
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	15	10	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	25	20	0
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	1,450	760	695
Algerian	1,700	835	870	40	25	15
Berber	680	365	315	0	10	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	90	40	45
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	1,160	580	570
Libyan	1,275	685	600	10	0	10
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	160	105	50
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	30	15	15
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	10	10	10
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	0	10	0
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	875	430	450
Afrikaner	340	175	170	10	10	0
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	0	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	20	20	0
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	15	10	15
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	20	0	20
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	130	60	70
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	75	40	35
Oromo	830	370	460	20	10	10
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	0	0	0
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	115	55	60
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	280	140	140
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	70	45	25
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	45	25	25
Zambian	385	195	190	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	10	0	10
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	115	55	60
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	620	315	305
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	55	25	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	585	305	280
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	57,935	27,895	30,040
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	14,695	7,300	7,395
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	1,285	635	655
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	445	250	200
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	730	370	360
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	40	15	25
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	305	170	135
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	10	0	10
Hazara	515	280	235	10	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	9,415	4,655	4,760
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	525	290	235
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	495	265	230
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	115	75	40
Kazakh	975	445	530	80	30	50
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	115	55	65
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	25	10	15
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	635	305	330
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	240	110	125
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	0	0	0
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	165	110	55
Tajik	1,425	670	755	40	25	15
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	60	10	50
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	415	170	245
Turkmen	405	205	200	30	15	15
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	50	25	30
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	50	15	35
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	290	155	135
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	9,195	4,595	4,595
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	90	55	40
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	45	20	25
Bhutanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	6,565	3,260	3,305
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	110	50	60
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	55	20	25
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	10	0	10
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	0	0	0
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	1,285	665	625
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	25	15	15
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	60	35	25
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	970	470	500
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	355	175	185
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	370	195	180
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	34,455	16,190	18,265
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	130	60	75
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	28,570	13,545	15,025
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	1,935	760	1,175
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	75	35	35
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	455	240	220
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	3,010	1,450	1,560
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	85	40	45
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	85	25	55
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	135	75	60
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	0	0	0
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	145	75	65
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	45	30	20
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	10	10	0
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	695	305	395
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	75	40	30
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	45	30	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	45	30	20
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	75	55	20
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	75	55	20
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	0	0	0
Fijian	1,185	495	690	0	0	0
Hawaiian	225	115	115	0	0	0
Maori	200	105	90	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	0	0	0
Samoan	90	45	50	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	35,255	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	31,030	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	4,225	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	35,255	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	2,180	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	33,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	35,255	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	30	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	1,200	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	2,010	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	11,075	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	20,940	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	35,255	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	3,910	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	4,405	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	5,415	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	5,875	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	15,650	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	35,255	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	34,700	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	35,255	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	34,130	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	1,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	35,255	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	1,810	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	2,305	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	3,875	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	8,495	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	8,495	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	5,965	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	4,305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	35,250	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	34,285	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	970	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	35,255	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	16,105	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	17,795	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	1,355	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	35,255	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	165	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	2,495	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	7,545	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	11,655	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	7,635	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	3,600	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	1,635	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	525	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	35,210	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	23,755	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	11,455	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	9,075	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	31,030	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	69.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	29.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	2,008	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	2,034	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	898,981	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	968,601	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	4,220	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	11.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	51.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,516	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,628	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	92,415	44,835	47,575
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	11,875	5,675	6,195
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	21,380	10,470	10,920
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	59,160	28,695	30,465
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	3,520	2,310	1,210
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	1,945	1,120	825
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	1,580	1,185	390
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	15,395	6,860	8,535
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	3,005	1,355	1,650
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	37,235	18,175	19,060
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	25,490	11,910	13,575
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	2,405	1,065	1,335
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	970	395	575
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	7,350	4,135	3,215
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	1,020	660	360
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	63,290	30,215	33,075
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	3,070	1,550	1,520
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	11,110	5,300	5,810
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	49,105	23,365	25,745
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	2,490	1,610	880
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	1,360	760	605
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	1,120	850	275
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	12,575	5,515	7,060
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	2,305	995	1,310
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	31,745	15,245	16,495
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	21,360	9,845	11,515
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	2,010	865	1,145
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	825	335	495
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	6,655	3,650	3,010
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	895	555	335
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	92,415	44,835	47,580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	33,255	16,140	17,115
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	2,985	585	2,400
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	2,985	585	2,400
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	2,185	830	1,355
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	165	120	40
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	2,015	710	1,305
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	3,180	1,030	2,150
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	500	95	400
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	870	210	665
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	895	310	580
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	155	90	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	220	130	85
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	380	160	220
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	155	25	135
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	7,925	2,685	5,240
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	105	35	75
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	620	280	340
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	1,065	80	980
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	1,380	445	930
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	120	15	100
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	1,125	215	910
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	3,515	1,610	1,900
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	14,505	6,430	8,070
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	30	10	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	545	70	475
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	13,935	6,360	7,575
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	3,110	1,485	1,625
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	1,190	470	720
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	715	340	375
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	65	35	40
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	1,050	625	425
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	85	15	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	4,635	2,965	1,670
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	3,585	2,425	1,165
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	90	20	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	865	455	410
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	95	60	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	12,045	9,945	2,100
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	585	375	205
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	6,805	5,215	1,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	1,760	1,545	225
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	1,125	1,125	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	1,310	1,275	40
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	460	415	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	590	330	260
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	380	240	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	210	90	120
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	6,220	1,635	4,580
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	650	325	320
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	5,300	1,170	4,130
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	270	135	130
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	1,785	780	1,000
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	1,110	260	850
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	400	280	120
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	240	205	35
Other	335	95	235	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	63,290	30,215	33,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	14,180	6,850	7,330
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	2,385	485	1,905
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	2,385	485	1,900
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	1,810	670	1,135
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	140	95	35
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	1,675	575	1,100
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	2,500	740	1,765
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	430	65	360
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	710	150	565
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	635	195	445
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	125	75	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	150	100	50
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	300	135	165
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	145	20	125
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	6,610	2,095	4,515
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	95	30	60
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	470	210	260
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	870	45	820
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	1,200	315	885
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	75	15	60
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	970	180	790
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	2,930	1,300	1,635
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	12,380	5,300	7,075
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	30	10	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	445	35	410
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	11,900	5,260	6,640
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	2,380	1,140	1,240
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	895	340	550
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	525	270	260
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	65	30	35
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	840	490	345
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	55	10	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	4,300	2,770	1,530
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	3,400	2,285	1,115
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	70	15	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	740	410	335
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	90	65	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	9,895	8,045	1,845
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	520	350	165
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	5,880	4,440	1,440
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	1,370	1,195	175
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	845	850	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	990	950	40
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	290	260	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	470	250	210
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	290	180	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	180	75	105
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	4,990	1,260	3,730
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	495	245	250
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	4,270	900	3,370
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	225	115	110
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	1,385	600	785
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	880	210	670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	300	215	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	205	170	30
Other	285	80	205	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	92,410	44,835	47,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	33,255	16,140	17,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	59,155	28,695	30,465
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	37,235	17,865	19,375
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	34,825	16,670	18,150
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	2,415	1,195	1,225
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	21,925	10,835	11,090
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	1,640	940	705
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	630	190	435
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	995	480	510
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	1,145	665	485
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	5,115	2,495	2,620
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	70	40	30
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	12,325	6,030	6,295
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	63,290	30,215	33,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	14,185	6,850	7,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	49,110	23,365	25,740
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	30,930	14,625	16,305
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	28,920	13,680	15,240
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	2,010	945	1,065
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	18,175	8,740	9,440
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	1,345	725	615
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	540	145	395
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	775	365	415
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	815	435	380
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	4,430	2,145	2,280
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	60	35	25
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	10,220	4,890	5,330
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	92,415	44,835	47,580
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	63,830	33,025	30,805
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	59,705	30,885	28,825
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	4,120	2,145	1,980
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	28,585	11,815	16,775
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	69.1	73.7	64.7
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	64.6	68.9	60.6
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	6.5	6.5	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	92,410	44,835	47,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	26,720	10,975	15,740
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	65,690	33,860	31,835
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	34,680	19,520	15,160
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	31,015	14,340	16,680
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.6	43.3	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	63,830	33,025	30,800
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	1,425	715	705
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	62,405	32,310	30,095
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	52,515	26,010	26,505
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	9,890	6,305	3,590
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	63,830	33,025	30,805
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	1,425	715	710
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	62,405	32,315	30,095
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	9,535	6,255	3,280
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	11,960	3,595	8,365
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	7,675	5,880	1,800
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	3,360	810	2,545
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	6,840	1,980	4,855
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	2,165	890	1,270
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	13,300	6,265	7,035
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	5,325	5,055	270
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	660	550	105
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	1,605	1,040	570
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	63,830	33,025	30,805
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	1,425	715	710
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	62,410	32,315	30,095
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	120	70	50
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	100	75	25
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	345	225	120
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	4,105	3,320	790
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	5,235	3,445	1,790
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	3,460	2,210	1,255
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	7,035	3,520	3,505
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	2,050	1,460	590
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	1,820	1,065	755
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	5,790	2,795	2,995
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	2,235	1,145	1,090
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	8,040	4,660	3,385
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	135	45	95
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	2,370	1,360	1,010
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	5,040	1,410	3,630
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	5,195	1,045	4,150
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	1,220	655	570
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	2,945	1,340	1,600
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	2,550	1,115	1,430
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	2,620	1,345	1,275
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	59,705	30,880	28,825
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	6,150	3,010	3,140
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	495	380	115
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	6,505	4,540	1,965
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	46,555	22,960	23,600
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	46,560	22,960	23,595
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	10,220	3,970	6,250
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	15,705	7,685	8,020
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	20,540	11,245	9,295
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	95	60	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	53,060	27,500	25,565
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	41,395	22,355	19,035
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	3,290	1,185	2,105
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	6,775	3,265	3,510
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	1,035	400	635
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	90	60	30
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	480	230	250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	53,065	27,500	25,565
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	6,930	2,850	4,080
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	12,080	5,695	6,385
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	13,690	7,360	6,330
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	8,020	4,495	3,530
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	12,340	7,100	5,240
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	53,065	27,495	25,570
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	2,295	1,755	540
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	8,490	5,260	3,230
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	15,925	8,060	7,865
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	12,335	5,715	6,625
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	8,055	3,675	4,385
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	5,955	3,030	2,925
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	67,650	34,735	32,915
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	65,455	33,735	31,725
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	63,085	32,595	30,490
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	62,825	32,550	30,275
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	265	45	220
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	2,375	1,140	1,230
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	2,375	1,140	1,235
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	30	10	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	30	10	25
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	15	0	10
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	10	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	10	10	0
Telugu	35	0	25	10	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	385	175	215
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	165	55	115
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	170	55	115
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	0	10	0
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	165	50	115
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	10	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	175	100	75
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	0	0	0
Bengali	300	145	155	10	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	170	100	70
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	170	100	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	40	15	20
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	10	10	0
Romanian	245	105	140	20	10	15
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	130	60	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	0	0	0
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	1,790	875	915
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	1,790	880	915
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	840	380	460
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	920	475	445
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	25	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	2,190	995	1,190
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	305	120	185
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	1,855	855	990
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	30	20	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	67,650	34,735	32,915
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	61,125	31,440	29,685
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	1,155	535	625
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	635	300	340
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	4,600	2,405	2,190
Aboriginal	155	50	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	4,600	2,410	2,190
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	60	20	40
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	75	40	40
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	113,310	55,630	57,675
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	101,270	49,745	51,525
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	12,040	5,890	6,145
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	5,850	2,905	2,945
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	6,190	2,985	3,205
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	4,560	2,200	2,360
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	4,240	2,050	2,190
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	315	145	170
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	1,630	790	845
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	108,705	53,300	55,405
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	68,975	34,060	34,915
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	39,735	19,240	20,490
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	18,400	8,950	9,450
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	21,330	10,290	11,040
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	14,690	7,255	7,430
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	13,955	6,900	7,050
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	735	350	380
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	6,645	3,040	3,605