Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Mississauga--Lakeshore [Federal electoral district], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Mississauga--Lakeshore Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Mississauga--Lakeshore [Federal electoral district], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	117,444	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	118,893	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	-1.2	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	45,551	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	44,489	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	1,960.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	59.90	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	117,445	57,200	60,245
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	18,345	9,410	8,935
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	5,630	2,875	2,755
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	6,245	3,225	3,020
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	6,470	3,310	3,155
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	78,535	38,505	40,030
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	7,075	3,580	3,495
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	7,460	3,825	3,635
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	6,525	3,305	3,225
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	6,645	3,220	3,430
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	6,910	3,270	3,640
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	7,640	3,570	4,070
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	8,770	4,240	4,530
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	10,295	5,090	5,205
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	9,515	4,675	4,840
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	7,695	3,730	3,960
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	20,565	9,285	11,275
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	6,335	3,060	3,285
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	4,720	2,160	2,560
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	3,740	1,730	2,015
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	2,850	1,270	1,580
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	2,910	1,070	1,835
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	1,890	765	1,125
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	825	260	560
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	185	45	135
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	15	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	15.6	16.5	14.8
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	66.9	67.3	66.4
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	17.5	16.2	18.7
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.5	1.9	3.0
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	42.2	41.2	43.1
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	43.8	42.9	44.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	44,490	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	20,720	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	12,340	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	11,425	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	2,970	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	4,255	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	1,090	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	3,065	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	50	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	44,485	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	10,795	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	14,005	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	7,925	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	7,500	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	4,270	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	115,935	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	99,095	47,790	51,305
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	56,450	28,185	28,260
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	50,095	25,010	25,080
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	6,360	3,170	3,185
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	42,650	19,605	23,045
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	27,850	14,915	12,940
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	2,925	1,265	1,660
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	6,110	2,310	3,800
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	5,765	1,120	4,645
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	33,450	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	15,205	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	7,875	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	7,465	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	2,905	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	33,455	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	27,530	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	24,355	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	3,175	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	5,925	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	4,740	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	1,185	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	27,530	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	11,455	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	16,075	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	6,230	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	7,055	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	2,790	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	5,925	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	3,755	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	1,640	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	530	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	16,635	7,610	9,025
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	44,490	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	31,180	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	10,545	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	20,635	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	1,115	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	12,195	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	10,795	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	1,400	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	116,260	56,795	59,465
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	103,680	51,520	52,160
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	130	60	65
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	10,095	4,280	5,810
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	2,355	935	1,430
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	116,260	56,795	59,465
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	111,420	54,750	56,665
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	1,715	770	940
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	825	365	455
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	2,300	900	1,400
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	2,130	960	1,175
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.8	1.7	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	116,260	56,795	59,465
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	112,700	55,095	57,605
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	73,950	36,905	37,045
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	72,380	36,205	36,175
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	1,570	705	865
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	38,750	18,190	20,560
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	10	0	5
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	5	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	5	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	38,745	18,190	20,555
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	2,880	1,450	1,435
Berber languages	220	130	90	0	0	5
Kabyle	105	60	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	0	0	5
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	120	55	70
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	5	0	0
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	115	50	65
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	5	5	5
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	2,755	1,395	1,360
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	60	25	30
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	2,265	1,165	1,100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	235	105	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	15	5	5
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	15	10	10
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	100	50	55
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	40	20	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	20	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	685	320	360
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	20	10	10
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	670	315	350
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	5
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	2,095	810	1,285
Bikol	470	210	260	5	5	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	55	25	30
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	25	5	15
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	85	30	55
Malagasy	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	100	45	60
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	30	15	15
Pangasinan	450	185	270	5	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	1,775	680	1,100
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	10	5	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	5	0	0
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	45	20	25
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	25	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	20	10	10
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	595	300	300
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	30	10	20
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	205	110	95
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	280	135	145
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	80	40	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	26,865	12,775	14,090
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	505	260	245
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	80	45	35
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	10,935	5,130	5,810
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	185	75	105
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	35	10	25
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	150	70	80
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	10,750	5,045	5,700
Belarusan	355	170	185	10	0	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	260	130	130
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	240	110	125
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	660	330	330
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	170	75	90
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	185	95	85
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	5,635	2,635	3,005
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,170	525	645
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	655	315	340
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	60	30	30
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	260	125	135
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	270	130	140
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	1,145	530	615
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	30	20	15
Celtic languages	460	210	250	10	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	0	5	0
Welsh	150	65	85	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	0	0	5
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	1,450	625	820
Afrikaans	985	475	510	25	15	15
Danish	1,570	710	855	70	35	35
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	255	105	145
Frisian	135	60	75	0	0	5
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	1,035	455	585
Icelandic	85	40	45	0	0	5
Norwegian	380	170	210	10	0	10
Swedish	1,140	485	660	35	15	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	5	5	5
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	5	5	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	410	205	200
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	5,760	2,860	2,895
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	4,710	2,340	2,370
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	310	150	160
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	420	210	210
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	535	260	280
Kashmiri	275	140	140	0	0	0
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	25	10	10
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	35	15	15
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	15	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	650	320	330
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	75	35	35
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	110	55	50
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	2,525	1,265	1,260
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	1,040	515	520
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	40	20	20
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	115	60	55
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	885	435	450
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	10	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	7,725	3,640	4,085
Catalan	165	90	75	0	0	0
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	2,455	1,220	1,235
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	2,760	1,290	1,475
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	530	240	285
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	1,980	885	1,090
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	5	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	165	60	110
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	10	0	5
Georgian	1,110	595	515	10	5	5
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	730	330	400
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	0	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	245	105	140
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	65	30	40
Bamanankan	60	30	30	5	0	5
Edo	1,020	410	610	5	5	0
Ewe	370	185	190	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	5	5	5
Ga	440	200	245	0	0	5
Ganda	515	245	270	5	5	5
Igbo	1,520	775	750	25	15	10
Lingala	375	175	200	10	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	15	5	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	10	5	5
Shona	680	325	355	10	5	5
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	15	5	15
Wolof	160	90	80	0	0	5
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	30	10	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	40	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	5	5	0
Dinka	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	10	5	5
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	15	15	5
American Sign Language	470	250	220	10	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	3,630	1,630	1,995
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	3,590	1,615	1,975
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	1,100	515	580
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	15	0	5
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	2,255	1,000	1,260
Min Dong	765	370	395	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	85	35	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	55	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	85	45	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	40	15	25
Burmese	1,005	450	555	15	10	5
Karenic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	20	10	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	50	10	35
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	15	5	10
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	40	10	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	205	115	90
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	10	5	5
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	180	105	80
Uyghur	385	195	195	5	5	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	5	0	0
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	500	240	265
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	35	20	15
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	35	15	25
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	425	200	225
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	15	5	10
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	3,560	1,700	1,860
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	325	145	175
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	3,030	1,470	1,565
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	130	50	75
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	75	30	45
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	116,260	56,795	59,465
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	107,920	52,810	55,110
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	89,780	44,285	45,495
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	89,160	43,985	45,180
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	615	305	315
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	18,135	8,520	9,610
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	18,135	8,525	9,610
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	1,575	765	810
Berber languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	70	30	35
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	5	0	0
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	65	25	40
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	1,505	735	775
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	35	15	20
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	1,255	620	635
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	155	70	85
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	10	5	5
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	5	0	0
Maltese	875	395	475	25	10	15
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	20	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	465	220	245
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	5	0	0
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	460	215	240
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	855	360	500
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	15	10	5
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	5	5	0
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	30	10	20
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	40	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	10	5	10
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	755	310	440
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	10	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	275	130	140
Kannada	830	415	410	10	5	0
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	95	45	45
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	140	65	80
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	25	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	11,600	5,465	6,135
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	245	120	120
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	25	15	15
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	5,240	2,470	2,765
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	50	20	30
Latvian	600	245	355	10	0	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	40	20	25
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	5,190	2,450	2,740
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	135	70	65
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	90	40	50
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	225	110	120
Czech	1,415	685	730	60	30	35
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	65	30	40
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	2,935	1,385	1,550
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	695	325	375
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	320	150	175
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	15	5	10
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	75	40	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	60	25	35
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	490	245	250
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	5	0	5
Celtic languages	65	35	30	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	0	5
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	140	65	80
Afrikaans	265	125	145	0	0	5
Danish	135	65	75	5	5	5
Dutch	655	300	350	5	0	5
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	110	50	65
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	10	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	110	50	55
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	2,975	1,440	1,535
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	2,395	1,165	1,230
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	185	90	95
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	185	90	90
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	175	80	95
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	10	5	5
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	20	10	5
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	295	130	155
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	50	25	20
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	1,460	715	750
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	580	275	305
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	25	15	10
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	65	35	35
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	485	220	265
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	2,860	1,305	1,560
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	525	215	310
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	1,065	495	570
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	250	120	130
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	1,025	475	550
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	70	30	40
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	5	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	450	215	235
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	5	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	85	35	45
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	25	10	15
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	10	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	5	5	0
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	0	0	0
Shona	235	115	125	5	5	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	10	5	5
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	15	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	0	0	5
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	35	25	10
American Sign Language	720	375	345	10	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	25	20	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	2,430	1,125	1,305
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	2,400	1,115	1,290
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	590	280	310
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	5	0	5
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	1,710	790	920
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	25	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	30	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	45	20	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	30	15	20
Burmese	575	260	310	10	5	10
Karenic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	20	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	25	10	10
Lao	1,050	505	540	5	5	5
Thai	575	255	320	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	90	45	40
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	0	0	0
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	85	45	45
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	0	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	150	85	65
Estonian	650	240	410	5	5	5
Finnish	510	220	290	5	0	0
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	145	75	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	10	5	5
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	8,340	3,985	4,360
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	235	115	120
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	7,915	3,790	4,125
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	45	15	25
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	150	60	90
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	116,260	56,795	59,465
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	93,815	46,355	47,460
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	8,360	4,000	4,360
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	1,155	475	680
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	12,525	5,790	6,735
Aboriginal	480	205	275	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	12,525	5,790	6,735
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	60	25	40
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	165	80	95
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	170	75	100
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	97,605	47,280	50,330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	93,395	45,255	48,140
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	37,968	43,893	32,806
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	93,415	45,255	48,160
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	33,970	38,734	29,876
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	85,220	42,020	43,195
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	37,324	43,618	31,423
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	64,800	28,890	35,905
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	3,224	1,439	4,570
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	70,200	35,935	34,260
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	37,997	42,536	33,590
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	97,845	47,385	50,455
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	93,720	45,420	48,300
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	62,117	76,188	48,885
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	93,730	45,420	48,305
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	48,127	56,949	39,831
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	85,580	42,170	43,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	62,720	77,582	48,283
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	64,830	28,995	35,840
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	6,998	6,506	7,396
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	70,430	35,970	34,460
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	61,776	74,941	48,036
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	97,840	47,385	50,455
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	34,365	18,900	15,465
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	60,888	64,992	56,405
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	89,445	104,388	71,182
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	92.2	94.6	88.8
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	73.9	76.6	70.0
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	7.8	5.4	11.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	97,605	47,280	50,330
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	4,210	2,025	2,190
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	93,395	45,250	48,145
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.7	95.7	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	13,700	6,065	7,630
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	14,305	5,920	8,380
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	11,180	4,700	6,480
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	9,400	4,305	5,095
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	8,400	4,010	4,390
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	7,040	3,470	3,570
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	5,630	2,970	2,660
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	4,470	2,370	2,105
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	3,565	1,880	1,685
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	3,095	1,625	1,470
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	12,615	7,935	4,680
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	6,730	3,905	2,820
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	5,890	4,030	1,855
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	97,605	47,275	50,325
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	4,190	2,020	2,170
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	93,415	45,255	48,160
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	95.7	95.7	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	14,150	6,205	7,945
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	15,025	6,230	8,800
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	12,935	5,520	7,415
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	11,275	5,330	5,945
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	9,995	4,900	5,100
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	7,510	3,890	3,620
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	5,610	3,000	2,615
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	4,395	2,335	2,060
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	12,515	7,860	4,660
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	3,005	1,665	1,345
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	1,965	1,190	780
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	7,540	5,005	2,535
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	97,605	47,280	50,330
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	27,405	11,340	16,065
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	70,200	35,940	34,265
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	71.9	76.0	68.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	9,290	4,590	4,700
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	5,185	2,295	2,890
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	8,740	4,055	4,685
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	6,750	3,120	3,630
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	6,435	3,110	3,330
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	5,960	2,870	3,090
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	5,165	2,630	2,535
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	4,150	2,180	1,970
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	3,265	1,760	1,500
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	15,265	9,330	5,930
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	2,815	1,495	1,325
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	2,595	1,365	1,230
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	9,850	6,470	3,380
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	44,490	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	85,780	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	73,661	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	10,795	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	43,631	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	38,094	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	33,695	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	104,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	89,787	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	44,495	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	130,832	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	101,380	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	10,720	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	60,277	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	48,671	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	33,780	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	153,214	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	118,102	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	44,490	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	690	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	425	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	840	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	1,205	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	1,395	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	1,345	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	1,475	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	1,540	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	1,565	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	1,610	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	3,110	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	2,925	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	2,650	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	2,490	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	2,305	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	18,925	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	4,550	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	3,410	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	4,400	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	6,560	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	44,485	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	745	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	450	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	860	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	1,275	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	1,545	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	1,565	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	1,705	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	1,870	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	2,005	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	1,930	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	3,730	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	3,360	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	3,120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	2,715	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	2,350	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	15,265	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	4,645	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	3,240	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	7,380	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	32,770	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	104,993	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	89,754	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	10,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	94,709	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	80,759	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	16,185	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	134,279	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	113,094	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	5,420	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	63,456	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	57,360	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	32,930	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	153,982	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	118,448	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	10,240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	134,736	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	103,852	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	16,195	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	192,973	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	145,890	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	5,415	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	80,075	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	67,589	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	13,965	6,590	7,375
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	39,393	41,766	37,224
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	34,867	36,536	33,397
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	13,675	6,465	7,205
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	54,889	56,756	53,214
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	44,632	45,293	44,040
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	115,935	56,675	59,260
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	46,350	22,020	24,330
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	9,900	4,745	5,155
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	9,130	4,155	4,980
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	9,260	4,295	4,965
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	8,850	4,335	4,515
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	9,205	4,490	4,715
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	69,585	34,655	34,930
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	9,805	4,755	5,045
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	10,415	5,135	5,285
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	11,545	5,690	5,855
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	14,515	7,315	7,195
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	23,305	11,755	11,545
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	115,935	56,675	59,260
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	22,405	11,460	10,945
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	6,810	3,475	3,330
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	74,235	36,335	37,900
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	19,300	8,880	10,415
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	14,080	6,670	7,415
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	3,800	1,995	1,810
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	1,245	680	565
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	8,570	4,005	4,565
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	1,710	670	1,040
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	12.1	11.8	12.5
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	17.0	17.4	16.5
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	18.3	19.6	17.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	11.5	11.0	12.0
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	8.9	7.5	10.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	11,505	5,480	6,030
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	2,935	1,515	1,420
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	965	510	455
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	7,375	3,510	3,870
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	1,195	455	740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	9.9	9.7	10.2
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	13.1	13.2	13.0
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	14.2	14.7	13.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	9.9	9.7	10.2
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	6.2	5.1	7.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	116,200	56,745	59,450
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	113,750	55,740	58,010
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	113,645	55,675	57,970
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	10,135	4,300	5,840
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	48,200	22,725	25,475
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	20	10	10
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	0	0	10
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	10	0	10
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	10	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	10	0	10
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	48,180	22,715	25,465
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	3,520	1,790	1,730
Berber languages	245	135	110	0	0	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	200	85	120
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	10	0	0
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	195	80	120
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	10	10	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	3,330	1,710	1,620
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	75	40	40
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	2,855	1,495	1,365
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	300	140	160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	25	10	20
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	115	65	50
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	75	40	40
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	25	20	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	880	440	440
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	45	20	25
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	840	420	420
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	2,560	980	1,580
Bikol	580	260	325	10	0	0
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	75	40	40
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	50	20	30
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	105	40	60
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	140	70	70
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	10	10	0
Pangasinan	450	200	255	10	0	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	2,350	885	1,465
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	0	0	0
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	205	95	110
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	120	65	60
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	75	25	45
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	875	480	395
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	45	20	25
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	280	150	135
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	550	300	250
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	85	50	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	34,295	16,355	17,940
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	575	295	280
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	80	40	40
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	12,805	6,155	6,650
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	260	115	145
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	55	20	30
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	210	95	115
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	12,570	6,045	6,530
Belarusan	945	495	450	35	20	10
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	365	175	190
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	330	140	180
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	960	490	475
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	300	130	170
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	220	125	100
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	6,545	3,200	3,340
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	2,050	970	1,075
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	875	450	425
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	20	0	15
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	400	195	210
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	305	125	180
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	1,775	835	940
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	20	20	10
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	30	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	10	0	10
Welsh	235	115	125	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	15	15	0
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	2,285	990	1,295
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	105	50	55
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	115	50	65
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	310	145	165
Frisian	195	75	115	0	0	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	1,705	730	975
Icelandic	130	55	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	30	10	20
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	65	35	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	0	0	0
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	765	385	375
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	7,755	3,750	4,005
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	6,635	3,200	3,430
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	525	270	260
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	555	250	310
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	2,165	1,070	1,100
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	60	25	35
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	45	25	15
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	15	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	15	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	1,500	755	750
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	155	55	95
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	180	95	90
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	3,370	1,625	1,750
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,285	635	655
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	15	10	0
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	195	110	85
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	1,150	565	590
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	10,900	5,130	5,775
Catalan	315	165	150	15	0	15
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	3,575	1,710	1,860
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	3,715	1,760	1,955
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	595	290	305
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	3,540	1,595	1,945
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	10	0	10
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	265	110	155
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	20	0	15
Georgian	1,465	740	725	20	10	15
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	835	375	460
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	0	0	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	560	245	315
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	105	45	60
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	15	0	0
Ewe	520	270	250	25	10	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	25	10	15
Ga	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	20	10	10
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	35	15	20
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	55	30	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	10	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	25	0	20
Shona	1,175	515	655	10	0	10
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	135	55	75
Wolof	415	185	230	10	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	105	45	55
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	85	50	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	10	10	10
Dinka	85	65	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	10	10	0
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	130	65	65
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	70	30	35
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	60	35	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	4,175	1,860	2,320
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	4,115	1,825	2,290
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	1,530	680	850
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	10	0	0
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	2,860	1,260	1,600
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	130	50	80
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	100	45	55
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	85	45	45
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	70	35	30
Burmese	1,325	600	720	50	25	20
Karenic languages	245	115	135	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	25	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	80	35	50
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	25	10	15
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	65	20	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	270	160	110
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	10	0	10
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	275	160	110
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	0	0	0
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	525	240	290
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	45	15	25
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	45	20	25
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	440	210	240
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	40	20	20
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	116,200	56,745	59,450
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	106,670	52,345	54,320
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	21,005	10,650	10,355
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	85,665	41,700	43,965
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	9,525	4,400	5,130
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	116,200	56,745	59,455
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	72,120	36,020	36,100
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	42,815	20,135	22,675
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	14,045	6,545	7,495
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	5,980	2,915	3,065
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	8,265	3,955	4,305
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	9,705	4,465	5,240
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	5,035	2,415	2,630
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	4,670	2,055	2,615
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	4,825	2,255	2,570
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	1,260	590	675
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	42,815	20,135	22,680
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	4,520	2,095	2,425
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	7,750	3,880	3,870
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	9,375	4,235	5,140
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	17,895	8,450	9,445
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	3,275	1,480	1,795
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	42,815	20,135	22,675
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	5,520	2,490	3,035
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	175	85	85
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	365	175	190
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	120	75	45
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	535	230	310
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	50	25	25
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	960	440	520
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	155	60	95
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	185	90	95
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	635	255	380
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	1,030	490	540
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	1,315	570	745
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	18,920	8,985	9,935
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	425	195	230
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	530	285	250
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	115	35	80
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	835	385	450
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	345	180	165
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	160	75	85
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	300	110	185
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	1,585	785	795
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	200	100	100
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	4,340	2,090	2,245
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	2,095	960	1,140
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	475	210	265
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	645	300	340
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	390	205	185
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	835	375	455
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	3,355	1,625	1,735
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	2,295	1,060	1,235
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	2,155	1,100	1,050
Algeria	1,240	650	595	30	15	15
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	505	275	230
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	75	35	45
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	180	95	90
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	55	20	30
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	190	100	90
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	115	40	70
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	250	110	140
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	755	415	340
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	16,080	7,500	8,585
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	380	180	200
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	240	110	135
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	2,235	985	1,250
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	515	225	290
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	2,730	1,365	1,365
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	515	265	255
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	745	370	375
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	110	30	75
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	725	340	380
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	270	120	150
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	2,120	1,040	1,080
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	2,410	985	1,420
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	430	220	215
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	270	145	130
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	140	65	75
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	695	310	385
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	1,555	740	810
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	130	55	75
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	4,825	2,255	2,570
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	510	205	300
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	20	15	10
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	50	25	25
Cuba	1,200	535	660	25	10	15
Haiti	865	415	450	20	10	15
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	65	30	30
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	35	10	25
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	130	55	75
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	140	40	100
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	830	380	455
France	1,400	675	725	10	0	0
Germany	915	490	420	10	10	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	15	0	15
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	0	0	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	75	35	40
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	90	35	55
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	130	45	85
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	470	240	230
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	495	255	245
Algeria	205	95	115	10	0	10
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	35	20	15
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	20	20	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	155	75	80
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	20	10	0
Morocco	365	145	220	15	0	10
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	80	35	40
Somalia	1,155	555	600	35	15	15
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	30	20	10
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	110	65	45
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	2,955	1,390	1,560
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	75	50	25
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	35	10	20
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	360	165	195
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	0	0	0
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	540	270	270
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	25	15	10
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	230	110	115
Israel	1,665	880	785	15	10	10
Japan	965	265	700	0	0	0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	25	0	25
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	30	10	25
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	0	0	0
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	385	190	200
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	595	240	355
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	60	20	40
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	50	20	30
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	175	100	75
Taiwan	760	300	460	20	10	10
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	25	25	10
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	60	35	20
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	45	25	25
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	200	85	110
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	40	25	10
Australia	1,005	615	390	30	25	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	116,200	56,745	59,450
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	44,770	21,065	23,705
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	33,185	16,615	16,565
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	38,240	19,060	19,180
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	29,310	13,845	15,465
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	14,625	7,230	7,400
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	5,765	3,615	2,145
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	8,865	3,610	5,255
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	8,815	3,445	5,365
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	5,490	2,950	2,545
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	375	220	155
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	116,200	56,745	59,450
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	1,210	580	635
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	1,135	540	590
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	655	300	355
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	465	235	230
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	45	15	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	35	20	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	114,985	56,170	58,820
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	116,195	56,745	59,450
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	390	210	185
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	115,805	56,540	59,265
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	116,195	56,745	59,455
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	165	75	85
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	160	75	85
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	145	65	80
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	1,875	840	1,035
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	1,835	830	1,005
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	1,305	590	715
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	520	235	285
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	40	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	35	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	114,160	55,830	58,335
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	116,195	56,745	59,450
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	33,520	16,040	17,485
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	10,105	4,975	5,130
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	4,925	2,245	2,680
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	4,830	2,325	2,510
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	3,215	1,310	1,905
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	1,960	975	990
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	2,595	1,400	1,200
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	1,310	665	645
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,145	560	585
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	1,010	455	555
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	360	165	195
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	760	375	380
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,295	595	700
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	82,675	40,710	41,970
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	116,200	56,745	59,455
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	2,035	915	1,120
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	1,490	670	820
Inuit	1,360	645	710	15	0	15
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	580	260	315
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	21,195	10,500	10,695
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	150	60	90
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	1,260	625	635
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	20,145	9,965	10,180
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	75	55	20
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	0	0	0
Ontarian	645	370	275	10	10	0
Québécois	1,570	780	785	65	30	35
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	0	10	0
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	78,570	38,445	40,125
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	39,085	19,385	19,705
Channel Islander	445	235	210	70	35	30
Cornish	205	105	95	0	0	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	22,265	11,045	11,220
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	16,795	8,040	8,760
Manx	815	475	345	35	25	0
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	16,835	8,200	8,635
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	1,810	830	980
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	3,000	1,535	1,465
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	7,240	3,405	3,835
Alsatian	355	140	215	0	0	0
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	7,245	3,405	3,835
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	11,835	5,565	6,270
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	910	405	505
Bavarian	155	65	85	0	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	185	105	75
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	2,690	1,285	1,400
Flemish	910	430	475	20	0	20
Frisian	400	230	165	10	0	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	8,465	3,980	4,480
Luxembourger	305	145	155	0	0	0
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	405	185	225
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	2,090	1,090	995
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	630	355	275
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	380	190	190
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	90	50	35
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	465	230	235
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	600	325	275
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	85	35	55
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	19,965	9,655	10,310
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	380	160	220
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	160	75	90
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	475	195	285
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	90	50	40
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	160	70	95
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	1,380	680	700
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	210	125	80
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	585	305	285
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	25	20	10
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	10,275	5,025	5,245
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	1,020	465	555
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	2,165	1,000	1,170
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	825	395	435
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	5,290	2,495	2,795
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	60	40	20
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	24,255	12,070	12,180
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	670	350	325
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	440	195	245
Catalan	160	105	60	0	0	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	1,460	770	690
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	20	15	0
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	1,695	930	765
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	10,565	5,395	5,170
Kosovar	485	255	225	25	15	10
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	385	190	195
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	540	230	305
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	10	0	10
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	6,130	2,925	3,210
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	1,110	550	555
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	30	10	25
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	755	375	380
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	2,070	975	1,095
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	210	110	100
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	30	15	20
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	635	300	335
Basque	815	400	415	0	0	0
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	380	195	185
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	20	10	15
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	50	20	25
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	180	75	110
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	4,260	2,000	2,265
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	25	10	10
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	45	20	25
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	230	75	160
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	0	0	10
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	65	25	40
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	220	90	125
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	70	30	40
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	115	75	45
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	120	80	45
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	2,195	1,025	1,165
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	40	10	30
Martinican	160	50	105	15	15	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	10	0	10
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	75	40	30
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	685	295	390
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	85	40	45
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	465	195	265
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	215	130	80
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	3,315	1,660	1,650
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	160	65	100
Arawak	710	315	395	25	20	10
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	145	60	85
Belizean	355	170	185	0	0	0
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	15	10	15
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	235	130	105
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	295	145	150
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	560	305	255
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	25	10	20
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	100	45	55
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	40	25	15
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	715	370	340
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	35	25	10
Honduran	1,750	810	940	0	10	0
Maya	1,135	555	575	25	15	10
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	310	135	175
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	15	10	0
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	30	15	15
Paraguayan	305	140	160	10	0	10
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	250	100	145
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	170	90	80
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	135	75	65
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	115	65	50
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	150	80	70
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	3,695	1,835	1,860
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	660	340	325
Akan	700	395	305	35	25	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	15	10	0
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	0	0	0
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	95	50	45
Edo	935	490	445	10	0	10
Ewe	160	90	70	20	15	10
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	150	65	90
Guinean	680	335	340	40	25	15
Ibo	1,495	775	720	0	0	0
Ivorian	615	285	330	60	30	30
Liberian	335	140	200	0	0	0
Malian	260	140	125	0	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	215	125	90
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	15	10	0
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	0	0	0
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	35	10	30
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	30	10	30
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	1,105	580	525
Algerian	1,700	835	870	30	15	15
Berber	680	365	315	0	0	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	75	40	35
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	780	405	375
Libyan	1,275	685	600	35	20	15
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	10
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	135	60	75
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	90	50	45
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	10	15	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	25	15	10
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	905	410	490
Afrikaner	340	175	170	10	0	10
Amhara	500	240	260	10	0	10
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	0	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	30	10	15
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	30	15	0
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	95	45	55
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	65	35	25
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	20	0	10
Oromo	830	370	460	0	10	0
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	30	10	20
Seychellois	165	65	95	0	0	0
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	270	115	155
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	260	105	155
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	30	10	25
Tigrian	410	210	200	0	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	50	30	20
Zambian	385	195	190	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	10	15	0
Zulu	205	100	110	15	10	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	35	25	15
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	1,105	550	560
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	175	75	100
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	955	490	465
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	27,385	13,085	14,300
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	5,220	2,670	2,545
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	610	290	325
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	595	320	270
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	165	80	90
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	190	75	115
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	30	15	15
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	35	15	20
Hazara	515	280	235	10	10	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	855	450	410
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	650	335	315
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	50	30	15
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	95	60	35
Kazakh	975	445	530	10	0	10
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	25	15	15
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	695	330	365
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	435	240	195
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	55	25	30
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	15	10	0
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	455	230	225
Tajik	1,425	670	755	15	0	15
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	55	10	45
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	450	260	190
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	0	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	20	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	225	100	125
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	10,505	5,160	5,345
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	235	120	115
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	160	70	90
Bhutanese	150	80	65	0	0	0
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	7,145	3,505	3,640
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	145	65	75
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	35	10	30
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	65	35	30
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	10	10	10
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	2,220	1,120	1,095
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	260	120	135
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	35	15	25
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	445	220	225
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	175	100	70
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	505	230	275
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	12,125	5,485	6,645
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	65	20	40
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	65	40	30
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	6,020	2,755	3,265
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	3,635	1,555	2,080
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	145	70	80
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	515	225	290
Karen	265	115	145	0	0	0
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	1,070	485	590
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	65	30	30
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	115	50	70
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	40	20	25
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	30	15	15
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	100	40	55
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	105	50	55
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	25	10	15
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	1,035	535	500
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	50	30	25
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	75	40	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	70	40	35
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	245	115	130
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	175	90	85
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	25	10	20
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	50	20	30
Fijian	1,185	495	690	20	10	15
Hawaiian	225	115	115	10	0	10
Maori	200	105	90	15	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	10	0	10
Samoan	90	45	50	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	44,495	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	30,725	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	13,765	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	44,495	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	7,910	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	36,580	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	44,495	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	135	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	5,720	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	9,640	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	14,250	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	14,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	44,495	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	11,945	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	5,875	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	5,690	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	5,415	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	15,570	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	44,495	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	43,215	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	1,280	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	44,500	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	41,360	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	3,140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	44,495	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	10,000	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	22,135	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	5,400	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	3,115	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	1,725	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	1,215	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	905	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	44,495	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	41,505	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	2,985	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	44,495	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	25,400	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	17,825	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	1,270	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	44,495	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	565	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	4,185	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	7,220	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	10,580	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	10,130	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	6,385	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	3,895	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	1,535	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	44,425	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	31,755	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	12,665	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	10,790	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	30,730	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	55.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	21.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,534	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,819	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	700,267	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	832,301	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	13,770	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	9.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	43.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,177	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,229	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	97,845	47,385	50,455
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	14,155	6,965	7,195
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	25,795	12,540	13,255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	57,885	27,880	30,010
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	4,995	3,470	1,525
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	2,495	1,545	945
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	2,505	1,920	580
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	18,645	8,250	10,395
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	2,645	1,205	1,440
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	31,600	14,950	16,645
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	20,635	9,260	11,375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	2,170	970	1,200
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	1,090	530	565
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	6,820	3,620	3,200
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	880	575	305
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	63,855	30,910	32,950
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	5,090	2,795	2,295
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	14,350	7,265	7,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	44,415	20,850	23,560
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	3,265	2,245	1,025
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	1,600	1,000	595
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	1,670	1,245	425
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	13,900	6,215	7,685
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	1,815	820	995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	25,425	11,565	13,860
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	16,405	7,180	9,225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	1,790	740	1,050
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	865	395	465
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	5,715	2,870	2,845
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	650	375	270
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	97,840	47,390	50,455
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	39,950	19,500	20,450
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	3,240	640	2,600
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	3,240	640	2,605
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	2,685	1,200	1,490
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	420	345	75
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	2,270	860	1,410
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	3,730	1,185	2,540
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	425	45	380
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	1,095	225	865
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	995	330	665
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	20	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	250	140	105
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	195	130	65
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	600	290	305
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	155	20	135
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	8,425	2,875	5,550
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	95	15	80
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	1,010	380	630
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	1,025	90	940
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	1,505	570	935
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	95	10	85
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	1,160	250	915
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	3,535	1,560	1,975
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	13,925	6,485	7,435
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	25	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	730	155	580
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	13,165	6,325	6,835
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	2,775	1,390	1,385
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	1,155	455	700
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	610	295	315
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	25	10	15
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	865	565	295
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	120	60	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	2,815	1,755	1,060
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	2,120	1,470	645
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	130	0	130
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	520	255	265
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	50	25	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	10,240	9,085	1,160
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	595	430	165
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	3,870	3,155	720
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	2,005	1,820	190
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	1,565	1,530	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	1,450	1,430	25
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	755	725	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	785	425	355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	450	240	205
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	335	185	150
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	6,785	1,625	5,160
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	645	330	315
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	5,885	1,170	4,715
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	255	125	130
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	2,480	1,205	1,275
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	1,375	390	990
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	725	470	255
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	360	325	35
Other	335	95	235	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	63,855	30,910	32,945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	19,445	10,060	9,385
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	2,320	410	1,915
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	2,320	410	1,915
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	2,060	890	1,170
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	305	250	50
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	1,760	645	1,115
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	2,820	875	1,940
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	295	35	265
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	865	175	685
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	790	250	545
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	10	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	190	105	80
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	130	75	55
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	430	230	205
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	105	15	95
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	6,720	2,210	4,505
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	80	15	60
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	805	295	510
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	750	40	705
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	1,275	440	835
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	50	10	40
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	885	170	715
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	2,870	1,230	1,640
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	10,935	5,010	5,920
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	570	125	445
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	10,360	4,895	5,470
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	1,975	925	1,050
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	890	350	545
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	440	190	250
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	20	10	15
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	560	350	210
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	65	30	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	2,585	1,625	960
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	1,970	1,385	590
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	105	0	100
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	460	215	245
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	50	25	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	7,350	6,405	945
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	485	350	135
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	2,890	2,280	610
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	1,400	1,270	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	1,095	1,065	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	1,005	990	15
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	470	455	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	595	335	260
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	340	185	155
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	255	150	105
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	5,155	1,250	3,900
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	535	270	265
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	4,445	900	3,545
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	175	75	95
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	1,900	905	995
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	1,045	290	750
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	570	355	215
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	265	240	25
Other	285	80	205	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	97,845	47,385	50,455
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	39,955	19,505	20,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	57,890	27,880	30,005
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	42,285	20,140	22,140
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	38,645	18,395	20,250
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	3,640	1,750	1,890
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	15,605	7,740	7,865
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	1,860	1,075	790
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	1,185	415	775
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	1,340	635	705
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	1,600	895	710
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	830	365	470
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	80	25	55
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	8,700	4,330	4,370
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	63,855	30,910	32,945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	19,445	10,060	9,385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	44,410	20,845	23,560
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	32,610	15,205	17,400
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	30,040	13,960	16,075
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	2,565	1,245	1,325
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	11,805	5,640	6,165
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	1,475	805	665
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	955	330	625
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	1,080	495	585
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	765	420	340
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	735	325	415
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	55	25	30
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	6,740	3,245	3,495
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	97,840	47,385	50,455
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	65,125	33,690	31,430
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	60,140	31,130	29,010
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	4,985	2,560	2,420
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	32,720	13,695	19,025
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	66.6	71.1	62.3
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	61.5	65.7	57.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.7	7.6	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	97,840	47,390	50,455
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	30,725	12,810	17,915
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	67,115	34,580	32,535
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	35,395	19,630	15,765
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	31,725	14,955	16,770
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.6	43.2	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	65,120	33,695	31,430
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	1,565	685	875
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	63,560	33,005	30,555
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	54,240	26,835	27,405
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	9,320	6,175	3,145
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	65,125	33,695	31,425
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	1,560	685	875
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	63,560	33,010	30,550
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	9,265	5,605	3,660
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	11,820	3,940	7,885
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	4,905	3,815	1,095
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	3,370	870	2,505
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	6,755	1,965	4,790
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	2,185	1,050	1,130
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	14,695	6,560	8,130
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	7,565	7,075	490
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	605	500	105
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	2,390	1,630	760
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	65,120	33,695	31,430
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	1,560	685	880
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	63,560	33,010	30,550
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	195	95	95
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	110	75	35
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	355	275	85
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	4,895	4,215	680
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	5,570	3,810	1,765
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	3,680	2,210	1,465
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	6,875	3,130	3,740
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	3,465	2,350	1,115
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	1,965	1,080	880
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	4,810	2,340	2,475
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	1,775	925	850
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	6,630	3,775	2,855
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	190	85	105
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	3,360	1,930	1,435
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	4,675	1,300	3,370
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	5,410	1,140	4,265
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	1,235	610	620
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	3,530	1,390	2,145
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	2,510	1,070	1,440
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	2,315	1,200	1,115
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	60,140	31,135	29,005
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	5,010	2,620	2,390
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	370	250	120
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	6,865	4,955	1,910
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	47,895	23,305	24,590
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	47,895	23,300	24,590
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	23,700	10,840	12,860
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	1,850	1,025	830
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	22,205	11,375	10,825
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	145	70	70
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	54,760	28,260	26,500
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	39,140	21,615	17,525
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	2,945	1,155	1,790
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	10,015	4,270	5,745
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	1,865	765	1,100
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	300	225	80
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	495	235	260
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	54,760	28,260	26,500
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	8,935	4,110	4,820
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	17,370	8,695	8,675
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	13,975	7,585	6,395
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	6,680	3,715	2,970
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	7,800	4,160	3,640
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	54,760	28,260	26,495
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	3,340	2,320	1,020
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	8,430	5,505	2,925
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	16,075	7,920	8,155
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	12,085	5,435	6,655
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	7,180	3,145	4,040
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	7,650	3,940	3,710
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	69,165	35,600	33,565
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	68,085	35,110	32,970
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	67,340	34,700	32,640
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	67,020	34,605	32,410
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	325	95	230
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	740	410	330
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	740	410	330
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	25	15	10
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	25	10	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	30	10	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	30	25	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	10	10	10
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	15	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	405	225	180
Albanian	210	125	85	10	10	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	255	160	95
Baltic languages	55	20	30	15	15	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	20	15	10
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	240	145	90
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	10	10	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	10	10	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	10	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	10	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	10	10	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	135	95	45
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	20	15	10
Serbian	160	110	55	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	40	10	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	40	10	30
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	35	0	30
Bengali	300	145	155	10	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	15	10	10
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	10	0	10
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	10	0	0
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	105	45	55
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	60	30	25
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	40	10	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	20	10	10
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	0	0	0
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	195	110	90
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	195	110	90
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	40	25	15
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	160	85	75
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	1,085	490	600
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	290	95	195
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	785	385	395
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	15	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	69,170	35,600	33,565
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	64,790	33,395	31,400
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	600	285	315
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	1,120	425	685
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	2,575	1,460	1,120
Aboriginal	155	50	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	2,575	1,460	1,120
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	15	15	0
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	70	25	35
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	115,110	56,210	58,905
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	102,735	50,190	52,545
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	12,380	6,020	6,365
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	7,085	3,480	3,605
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	5,290	2,535	2,765
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	4,005	1,900	2,105
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	3,540	1,680	1,860
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	465	220	245
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	1,290	635	655
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	110,520	53,875	56,645
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	73,950	36,045	37,905
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	36,570	17,830	18,740
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	20,555	10,065	10,495
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	16,010	7,765	8,245
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	10,800	5,210	5,585
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	9,785	4,710	5,080
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	1,015	505	510
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	5,215	2,560	2,655