Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Windsor--Sarnia [Economic region], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Windsor--Sarnia Ontario [Economic region]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Windsor--Sarnia [Economic region], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	627,633	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	619,056	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	274,633	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	256,708	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	85.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	7,323.66	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	627,630	308,005	319,630
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	103,110	52,915	50,200
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	31,575	16,270	15,305
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	35,200	17,960	17,235
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	36,340	18,685	17,655
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	405,335	201,115	204,225
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	38,275	19,700	18,575
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	40,045	20,695	19,355
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	35,605	18,075	17,535
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	34,390	16,735	17,655
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	35,130	17,085	18,045
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	38,290	18,655	19,630
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	41,580	20,535	21,050
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	48,815	23,925	24,895
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	49,265	24,285	24,975
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	43,940	21,435	22,505
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	119,185	53,975	65,205
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	39,130	18,885	20,245
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	28,075	13,590	14,480
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	20,510	9,345	11,165
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	15,175	6,625	8,550
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	16,295	5,520	10,770
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	10,140	3,885	6,255
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	4,880	1,355	3,525
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	1,120	245	875
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	155	30	120
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	16.4	17.2	15.7
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	64.6	65.3	63.9
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	19.0	17.5	20.4
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.6	1.8	3.4
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	42.2	41.2	43.2
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	43.6	42.4	44.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	256,705	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	185,520	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	18,970	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	51,075	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	9,660	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	12,790	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	6,190	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	22,005	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	435	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	256,705	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	74,590	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	90,775	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	37,115	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	33,855	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	20,375	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	615,375	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	524,520	255,090	269,430
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	301,120	150,865	150,260
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	259,960	130,315	129,645
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	41,160	20,550	20,615
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	223,395	104,220	119,170
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	138,180	75,550	62,635
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	16,410	7,155	9,250
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	33,675	14,300	19,375
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	35,135	7,220	27,915
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	178,485	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	93,175	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	36,360	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	32,580	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	16,375	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	178,490	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	147,195	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	126,620	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	20,570	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	31,295	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	24,825	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	6,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	147,195	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	74,705	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	72,490	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	27,305	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	29,775	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	15,410	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	31,290	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	18,470	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	9,055	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	3,775	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	100,935	48,735	52,200
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	256,710	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	171,295	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	71,975	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	99,320	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	3,530	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	81,880	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	74,590	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	7,295	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	621,415	305,705	315,710
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	558,700	277,815	280,885
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	550	225	320
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	53,205	23,720	29,480
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	8,965	3,945	5,020
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	621,415	305,700	315,715
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	595,380	293,790	301,590
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	14,465	6,765	7,700
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	2,785	1,300	1,485
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	8,785	3,845	4,940
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	15,855	7,415	8,440
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	2.6	2.4	2.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	621,415	305,705	315,715
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	610,440	300,390	310,045
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	506,925	249,830	257,100
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	491,325	242,555	248,770
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	15,605	7,275	8,325
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	103,510	50,565	52,950
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	215	95	120
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	180	75	100
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	15	5	10
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	5
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	15	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	5	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	155	70	90
Algonquin	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	150	65	85
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	5	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	10	5	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	103,295	50,470	52,830
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	18,915	9,445	9,470
Berber languages	220	130	90	15	10	0
Kabyle	105	60	50	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	585	250	330
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	50	30	25
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	530	225	310
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	5	0	0
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	18,310	9,175	9,135
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	105	55	50
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	14,740	7,420	7,320
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	470	230	235
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	2,430	1,185	1,245
Harari	930	435	490	0	0	5
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	35	20	20
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	250	130	120
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	145	65	75
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	145	70	70
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	2,685	1,280	1,410
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	435	195	240
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	2,250	1,085	1,170
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	2,770	1,065	1,705
Bikol	470	210	260	10	5	0
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	105	35	75
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	30	10	25
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	105	45	60
Malagasy	25	15	15	5	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	110	50	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	15	10	10
Pangasinan	450	185	270	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	2,330	895	1,440
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	40	15	25
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	240	115	125
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	20	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	180	80	100
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	40	25	15
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	900	520	380
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	35	20	20
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	275	155	115
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	360	200	160
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	215	135	75
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	15	5	10
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	10	0	5
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	64,985	31,800	33,185
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	985	480	505
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	230	105	125
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	13,990	6,500	7,485
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	125	55	70
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	40	20	20
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	85	35	45
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	13,865	6,450	7,415
Belarusan	355	170	185	5	0	5
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	335	165	170
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	120	55	70
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	1,855	890	960
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	410	170	240
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	1,210	585	625
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	3,855	1,745	2,110
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	720	290	425
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	2,910	1,470	1,445
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	225	105	125
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	1,120	505	615
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	180	70	105
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	810	330	485
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	100	55	40
Celtic languages	460	210	250	45	25	20
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	20	15	5
Welsh	150	65	85	20	5	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	5	0	5
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	16,025	7,700	8,325
Afrikaans	985	475	510	60	25	35
Danish	1,570	710	855	135	70	65
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	3,375	1,585	1,785
Frisian	135	60	75	95	45	50
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	12,015	5,820	6,200
Icelandic	85	40	45	5	5	5
Norwegian	380	170	210	20	10	10
Swedish	1,140	485	660	30	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	260	105	155
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	20	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	10	5	10
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	1,385	700	690
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	9,560	4,975	4,585
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	8,560	4,485	4,080
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	690	345	345
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	1,110	630	485
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	860	480	380
Kashmiri	275	140	140	10	0	5
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	15	5	10
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	100	60	40
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	470	230	240
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	2,645	1,380	1,265
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	35	15	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	120	60	60
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	2,495	1,265	1,230
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	950	470	480
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	150	80	70
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	70	30	35
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	735	365	370
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	50	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	22,760	11,315	11,445
Catalan	165	90	75	0	0	0
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	11,045	5,440	5,605
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	3,410	1,665	1,745
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	2,355	1,115	1,245
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	5,915	3,080	2,830
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	40	15	20
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	135	55	80
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	0	5
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	685	330	355
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	0	0	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	880	425	450
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	90	55	40
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	20	10	10
Ewe	370	185	190	15	10	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	10	5	5
Ga	440	200	245	10	5	5
Ganda	515	245	270	20	15	10
Igbo	1,520	775	750	65	25	35
Lingala	375	175	200	25	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	35	15	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	70	30	40
Shona	680	325	355	10	5	5
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	215	95	115
Wolof	160	90	80	10	5	10
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	170	85	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	120	55	65
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	195	100	95
Dinka	45	25	15	60	25	30
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	140	75	60
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	160	75	80
American Sign Language	470	250	220	65	30	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	95	40	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	7,870	3,895	3,975
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	7,475	3,695	3,780
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	2,295	1,130	1,165
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	35	15	15
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	4,335	2,140	2,200
Min Dong	765	370	395	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	110	55	55
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	75	30	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	615	315	295
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	400	200	195
Burmese	1,005	450	555	70	35	30
Karenic languages	265	125	140	300	155	145
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	475	225	255
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	250	115	135
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	225	105	115
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	500	240	260
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	30	15	15
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	405	205	205
Uyghur	385	195	195	35	15	25
Uzbek	595	300	295	5	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	15	10	5
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	1,840	855	980
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	30	10	20
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	170	80	90
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	1,640	770	870
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	45	30	25
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	10,975	5,310	5,665
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	2,565	1,170	1,390
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	7,615	3,780	3,835
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	450	205	245
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	350	160	190
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	621,415	305,700	315,710
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	600,995	295,805	305,190
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	551,525	271,695	279,830
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	547,470	269,875	277,595
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	4,060	1,825	2,235
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	49,465	24,110	25,360
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	45	20	25
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	25	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	20	5	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	25	10	15
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	49,420	24,085	25,335
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	11,215	5,380	5,835
Berber languages	65	30	30	5	5	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	5
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	380	155	220
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	25	15	15
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	350	140	210
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	5	0
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	10,830	5,220	5,605
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	50	20	25
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	8,760	4,240	4,520
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	300	145	155
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	1,510	715	795
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	5	5	5
Maltese	875	395	475	35	15	15
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	65	30	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	100	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	1,760	835	925
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	230	105	125
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	1,525	725	795
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	1,165	530	635
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	40	20	25
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	5	5	5
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	15	5	10
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	35	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	5	0	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	1,025	475	555
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	30	10	15
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	155	75	80
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	10	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	130	55	70
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	10	10	5
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	470	245	220
Kannada	830	415	410	15	10	5
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	150	80	65
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	210	105	105
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	90	50	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	5	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	26,860	13,155	13,705
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	470	240	235
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	100	40	55
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	5,280	2,485	2,790
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	20	5	15
Latvian	600	245	355	5	0	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	15	5	10
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	5,265	2,485	2,775
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	170	85	90
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	40	20	20
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	585	270	310
Czech	1,415	685	730	90	40	55
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	525	260	260
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	1,505	705	800
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	330	140	185
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	1,485	725	760
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	100	45	55
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	295	135	160
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	25	10	15
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	90	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	25	5	15
Celtic languages	65	35	30	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	5	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	4,935	2,440	2,495
Afrikaans	265	125	145	20	5	10
Danish	135	65	75	10	5	5
Dutch	655	300	350	210	90	120
Frisian	5	0	0	10	5	10
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	4,465	2,230	2,235
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	20	5	10
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	195	90	105
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	525	255	270
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	5,970	3,025	2,950
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	5,410	2,765	2,650
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	410	195	210
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	710	390	320
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	440	230	210
Kashmiri	50	25	25	5	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	5	0	0
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	50	30	20
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	400	190	205
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	1,775	915	865
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	55	25	30
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	1,560	780	785
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	535	250	285
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	90	45	45
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	40	20	20
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	405	185	220
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	20	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	9,570	4,670	4,895
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	3,290	1,380	1,910
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	1,355	600	755
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	1,175	570	600
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	3,740	2,115	1,625
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	10	0	5
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	50	20	25
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	485	245	240
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	280	130	145
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	25	15	10
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	5	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	5	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	5	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	15	5	5
Lingala	95	40	55	15	10	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	10	5	10
Shona	235	115	125	5	5	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	80	35	40
Wolof	80	45	35	10	0	5
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	50	20	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	50	20	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	100	40	55
Dinka	15	5	5	25	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	70	30	40
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	185	100	85
American Sign Language	720	375	345	55	30	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	130	70	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	5,620	2,810	2,810
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	5,275	2,635	2,640
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	1,515	730	780
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	5	5	0
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	3,255	1,655	1,605
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	45	25	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	50	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	405	205	200
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	340	170	165
Burmese	575	260	310	50	25	25
Karenic languages	215	105	110	270	140	135
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	20	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	300	165	135
Lao	1,050	505	540	140	70	70
Thai	575	255	320	165	95	65
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	255	115	140
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	5	5	5
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	215	95	115
Uyghur	225	120	105	25	10	15
Uzbek	315	165	145	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	5	5	5
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	510	215	290
Estonian	650	240	410	0	0	0
Finnish	510	220	290	25	10	15
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	480	210	275
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	20	10	10
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	20,420	9,895	10,520
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	1,385	615	770
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	18,305	8,990	9,320
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	150	65	90
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	575	230	345
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	621,415	305,705	315,710
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	554,625	273,765	280,865
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	21,830	10,790	11,040
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	11,080	4,715	6,365
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	32,620	15,835	16,780
Aboriginal	480	205	275	455	190	265
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	32,160	15,650	16,515
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	265	115	150
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	420	215	205
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	570	265	305
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	10	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	512,400	249,865	262,535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	491,065	240,590	250,470
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	32,955	41,281	26,682
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	491,285	240,600	250,685
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	30,134	36,897	24,885
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	431,885	217,300	214,585
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	30,719	39,332	23,519
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	370,970	169,590	201,385
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	6,930	6,162	7,308
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	352,975	188,225	164,750
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	29,614	35,323	25,064
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	512,400	249,820	262,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	490,910	240,520	250,385
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	44,147	53,415	35,243
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	491,210	240,540	250,675
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	37,266	44,185	30,627
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	432,065	217,270	214,795
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	42,903	52,825	32,868
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	371,325	169,440	201,885
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	8,443	8,088	8,741
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	352,975	187,815	165,160
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	41,490	48,631	33,370
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	512,400	249,820	262,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	158,415	91,190	67,225
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	51,652	58,957	44,140
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	63,253	71,847	51,595
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	85.6	89.4	80.0
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	67.5	71.1	62.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	14.4	10.6	20.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	512,405	249,865	262,535
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	21,335	9,270	12,065
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	491,065	240,595	250,470
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.8	96.3	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	71,500	30,025	41,475
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	85,650	32,350	53,295
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	70,395	27,520	42,875
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	58,675	26,640	32,040
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	52,995	27,625	25,365
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	38,060	21,355	16,705
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	27,655	16,710	10,945
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	20,905	13,435	7,470
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	16,205	10,415	5,795
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	13,640	8,080	5,560
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	35,380	26,440	8,945
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	24,295	17,595	6,700
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	11,085	8,845	2,240
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	512,400	249,865	262,535
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	21,115	9,265	11,850
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	491,285	240,600	250,685
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	95.9	96.3	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	73,930	30,460	43,475
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	89,435	33,900	55,535
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	81,350	32,780	48,575
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	70,800	34,195	36,600
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	56,385	30,860	25,520
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	37,555	22,770	14,785
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	26,115	17,050	9,065
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	19,515	12,110	7,410
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	36,195	26,475	9,720
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	11,675	7,880	3,795
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	6,845	4,970	1,875
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	17,680	13,630	4,045
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	512,400	249,865	262,540
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	159,430	61,640	97,785
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	352,975	188,225	164,750
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	68.9	75.3	62.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	65,530	36,890	28,645
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	28,055	12,175	15,885
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	45,800	19,585	26,215
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	38,500	16,620	21,885
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	35,875	16,460	19,415
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	30,805	15,365	15,435
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	23,735	13,505	10,235
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	17,970	11,130	6,845
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	15,230	10,075	5,155
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	51,465	36,430	15,040
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	12,195	7,910	4,275
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	11,510	6,665	4,840
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	27,765	21,845	5,920
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	256,710	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	65,788	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	58,496	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	74,590	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	33,685	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	30,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	182,120	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	83,161	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	73,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	256,710	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	84,423	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	71,309	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	74,515	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	43,052	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	36,577	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	182,195	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	101,343	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	85,513	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	256,705	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	3,820	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	4,185	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	8,330	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	10,280	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	11,755	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	10,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	11,660	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	11,790	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	11,895	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	11,410	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	21,265	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	18,975	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	17,120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	15,475	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	13,310	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	74,720	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	25,625	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	16,965	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	18,525	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	13,605	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	256,705	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	4,035	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	4,260	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	8,470	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	10,650	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	13,195	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	12,140	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	13,370	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	14,000	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	13,880	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	13,285	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	24,550	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	21,660	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	19,280	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	15,960	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	13,385	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	54,595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	23,365	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	13,505	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	17,725	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	177,050	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	83,660	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	73,700	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	70,595	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	76,509	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	67,528	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	73,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	111,805	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	96,191	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	29,300	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	47,805	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	45,212	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	176,955	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	102,098	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	86,046	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	70,405	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	92,407	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	77,463	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	73,260	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	128,746	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	107,759	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	29,195	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	60,332	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	53,424	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	89,940	44,040	45,900
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	30,802	33,752	28,778
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	28,356	30,493	26,867
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	89,885	44,090	45,800
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	40,106	43,423	36,914
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	34,254	36,297	32,288
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	615,375	302,705	312,670
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	315,670	150,035	165,630
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	66,275	32,005	34,275
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	64,240	28,450	35,795
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	63,250	29,740	33,510
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	60,925	29,485	31,435
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	60,980	30,355	30,620
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	299,710	152,670	147,035
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	61,105	30,700	30,410
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	61,405	31,055	30,350
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	61,960	31,700	30,265
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	61,185	31,280	29,905
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	54,050	27,940	26,115
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	611,750	300,910	310,840
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	124,740	63,990	60,750
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	37,885	19,455	18,425
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	376,205	185,595	190,610
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	110,800	51,320	59,480
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	97,405	45,105	52,295
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	26,950	13,725	13,225
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	9,515	4,835	4,675
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	57,885	26,940	30,945
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	12,565	4,440	8,125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	15.9	15.0	16.8
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	21.6	21.4	21.8
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	25.1	24.9	25.4
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	15.4	14.5	16.2
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	11.3	8.7	13.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	49,370	24,445	24,930
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	12,110	6,150	5,965
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	4,380	2,255	2,125
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	34,810	17,300	17,505
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	2,455	990	1,460
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	8.1	8.1	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	9.7	9.6	9.8
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	11.6	11.6	11.5
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	9.3	9.3	9.2
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	2.2	1.9	2.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	615,380	302,700	312,670
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	607,440	299,425	308,015
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	606,945	299,225	307,715
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	53,575	23,770	29,805
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	124,570	61,095	63,475
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	820	330	490
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	755	300	455
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	30	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	25	10	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	685	270	415
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	685	270	415
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	50	20	25
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	45	25	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	10	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	35	15	25
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	10	10	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	10	10	10
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	123,755	60,770	62,990
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	24,140	12,155	11,985
Berber languages	245	135	110	10	15	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	15	10	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	755	335	415
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	75	30	45
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	680	305	370
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	23,480	11,850	11,625
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	230	105	125
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	21,145	10,720	10,425
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	555	295	260
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	3,280	1,570	1,715
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	135	50	80
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	360	185	175
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	180	70	110
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	210	95	120
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	3,095	1,520	1,575
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	620	300	320
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	2,490	1,230	1,260
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	3,575	1,390	2,185
Bikol	580	260	325	25	15	10
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	175	75	105
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	40	10	35
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	190	70	120
Malagasy	90	45	45	10	0	10
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	115	80	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	45	20	30
Pangasinan	450	200	255	10	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	3,275	1,215	2,060
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	80	40	35
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	525	220	305
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	15	0	15
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	380	135	240
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	140	85	55
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	1,180	700	475
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	65	40	20
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	240	135	105
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	670	395	275
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	285	190	95
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	15	10	10
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	77,310	38,165	39,145
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	1,380	655	720
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	265	120	140
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	15,685	7,460	8,225
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	150	50	105
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	60	15	45
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	95	30	55
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	15,545	7,420	8,120
Belarusan	945	495	450	25	10	20
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	405	210	205
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	155	80	75
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	2,615	1,275	1,345
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	450	210	235
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	1,465	740	720
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	4,440	2,045	2,395
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	1,300	575	725
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	3,800	1,940	1,860
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	245	125	125
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	1,160	500	660
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	210	95	115
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	830	305	520
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	150	75	70
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	70	40	25
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	35	25	10
Welsh	235	115	125	20	15	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	15	10	15
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	18,495	9,130	9,365
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	170	80	90
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	165	75	85
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	3,605	1,715	1,890
Frisian	195	75	115	170	90	85
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	13,905	7,020	6,885
Icelandic	130	55	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	20	10	10
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	60	40	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	320	135	190
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	25	10	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	915	415	505
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	1,970	1,005	970
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	11,990	6,405	5,585
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	10,805	5,790	5,015
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	905	470	440
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	1,350	800	545
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	3,410	1,935	1,470
Kashmiri	475	240	235	45	15	30
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	30	15	10
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	130	70	65
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	475	245	225
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	3,525	1,845	1,675
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	75	45	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	160	80	80
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	3,895	2,020	1,880
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,220	640	580
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	195	105	90
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	80	45	35
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	975	515	460
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	105	50	50
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	29,425	14,555	14,875
Catalan	315	165	150	10	10	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	14,320	7,115	7,200
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	4,190	2,040	2,150
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	2,715	1,275	1,435
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	8,995	4,545	4,455
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	40	30	15
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	400	235	165
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Georgian	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	710	360	350
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	0	0	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	1,560	785	775
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	145	95	50
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	40	20	20
Ewe	520	270	250	25	10	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	10	0	0
Ganda	865	410	455	10	10	0
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	125	65	65
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	140	65	80
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	130	55	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	125	45	75
Shona	1,175	515	655	10	0	10
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	465	230	235
Wolof	415	185	230	25	10	15
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	310	170	145
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	280	130	150
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	160	85	80
Dinka	85	65	25	40	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	125	65	60
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	1,065	430	635
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	575	220	355
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	495	220	275
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	8,820	4,225	4,595
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	8,465	4,040	4,425
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	2,845	1,330	1,520
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	20	0	15
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	5,415	2,580	2,835
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	280	140	135
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	130	50	75
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	560	280	285
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	375	185	185
Burmese	1,325	600	720	120	55	65
Karenic languages	245	115	135	275	135	140
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	30	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	635	280	355
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	365	180	190
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	370	155	215
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	670	340	330
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	35	30	0
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	595	290	305
Uyghur	490	225	265	25	15	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	20	10	15
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	2,340	1,170	1,170
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	30	15	20
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	150	80	70
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	2,160	1,080	1,080
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	105	55	50
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	615,375	302,705	312,675
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	587,855	289,560	298,300
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	121,715	62,540	59,175
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	466,140	227,015	239,125
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	27,520	13,145	14,375
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	615,375	302,705	312,670
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	502,730	248,655	254,075
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	106,835	50,565	56,265
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	41,255	19,725	21,525
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	12,845	5,960	6,880
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	19,795	9,240	10,555
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	20,850	9,785	11,065
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	10,420	4,945	5,475
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	10,425	4,840	5,585
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	12,095	5,850	6,245
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	5,815	3,485	2,330
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	106,835	50,565	56,265
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	13,765	6,765	7,000
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	21,135	10,710	10,425
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	25,515	11,285	14,225
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	38,625	18,235	20,390
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	7,790	3,565	4,230
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	106,830	50,565	56,265
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	20,410	8,660	11,745
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	220	90	130
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	490	230	270
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	970	460	510
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	130	40	95
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	225	60	165
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	1,060	550	515
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	5,390	2,615	2,770
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	55	15	40
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	415	190	225
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	9,305	3,385	5,915
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	2,140	1,030	1,110
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	44,015	21,470	22,550
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	1,175	550	625
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	2,105	1,095	1,010
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	445	210	235
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	2,060	960	1,100
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	1,040	540	500
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	1,020	490	525
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	365	175	190
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	7,670	3,935	3,740
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	3,135	1,600	1,530
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	2,995	1,335	1,655
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	2,385	1,150	1,235
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	2,440	1,130	1,315
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	520	245	275
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	1,730	910	820
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	365	145	220
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	9,580	4,520	5,060
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	4,990	2,475	2,515
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	4,600	2,275	2,325
Algeria	1,240	650	595	75	45	30
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	475	250	230
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	255	125	130
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	100	55	45
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	75	30	40
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	530	295	235
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	370	140	230
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	445	205	240
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	2,280	1,130	1,150
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	37,570	18,020	19,555
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	110	40	70
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	655	335	320
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	4,325	1,835	2,490
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	585	285	300
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	4,710	2,490	2,220
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	735	390	345
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	6,455	3,095	3,360
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	75	25	50
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	530	270	255
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	4,665	2,335	2,330
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	2,290	1,170	1,120
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	3,315	1,295	2,020
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	280	135	140
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	1,830	900	930
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	300	145	150
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	1,945	960	985
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	4,770	2,315	2,455
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	230	140	90
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	12,095	5,850	6,245
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	2,495	1,245	1,245
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	30	10	15
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	45	10	35
Cuba	1,200	535	660	30	10	20
Haiti	865	415	450	105	25	80
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	185	120	60
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	650	330	310
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	1,140	585	560
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	70	30	40
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	250	125	125
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	935	445	490
France	1,400	675	725	15	10	10
Germany	915	490	420	50	35	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	20	10	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	10	10	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	100	45	55
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	45	20	25
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	35	0	30
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	175	95	80
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	500	225	275
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	1,030	525	505
Algeria	205	95	115	0	0	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	35	15	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	180	120	65
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	30	0	25
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	100	50	50
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	50	30	20
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	55	35	25
Morocco	365	145	220	20	10	10
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	120	65	55
Somalia	1,155	555	600	100	40	60
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	20	10	15
Tunisia	125	90	40	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	310	140	170
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	7,605	3,615	3,990
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	10	0	0
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	190	95	95
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	845	360	490
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	10	10	0
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	960	565	395
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	135	60	70
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	2,115	1,000	1,110
Israel	1,665	880	785	0	0	10
Japan	965	265	700	10	0	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	60	20	45
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	305	165	140
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	85	35	50
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	375	150	220
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	555	190	365
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	120	45	75
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	10	10	10
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	1,085	555	535
Taiwan	760	300	460	45	25	15
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	50	30	25
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	55	45	15
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	65	20	40
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	525	245	275
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	25	15	10
Australia	1,005	615	390	25	10	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	0	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	615,375	302,705	312,675
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	116,050	55,865	60,185
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	120,395	59,800	60,590
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	378,935	187,035	191,895
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	66,865	31,440	35,420
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	23,470	12,260	11,210
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	8,760	6,350	2,405
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	14,710	5,905	8,805
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	22,940	8,865	14,075
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	19,265	9,725	9,540
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	1,185	590	595
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	615,375	302,705	312,670
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	20,825	9,985	10,835
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	20,065	9,625	10,440
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	12,220	5,720	6,500
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	7,735	3,855	3,875
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	115	50	65
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	320	125	190
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	445	235	205
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	594,550	292,720	301,835
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	615,375	302,705	312,675
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	9,280	4,325	4,950
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	606,095	298,380	307,720
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	615,375	302,705	312,670
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	6,455	3,105	3,355
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	6,405	3,075	3,330
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	5,675	2,680	2,995
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	715	390	320
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	50	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	24,505	11,520	12,985
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	24,135	11,350	12,785
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	16,725	7,725	9,000
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	7,265	3,580	3,685
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	145	50	100
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	370	170	200
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	365	165	195
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	584,415	288,085	296,335
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	615,375	302,705	312,670
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	80,765	40,585	40,175
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	13,775	7,400	6,375
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	9,765	4,705	5,055
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	16,490	8,345	8,145
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	4,790	2,135	2,660
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	4,730	2,285	2,440
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	19,025	9,745	9,285
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	4,830	2,340	2,490
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,685	835	855
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	860	470	390
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	395	205	190
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	1,820	855	965
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	2,600	1,270	1,325
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	534,615	262,120	272,495
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	615,380	302,700	312,670
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	30,955	14,620	16,340
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	22,815	10,600	12,215
Inuit	1,360	645	710	175	60	120
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	8,390	4,160	4,225
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	197,215	96,525	100,690
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	395	170	225
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	9,845	4,555	5,290
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	190,695	93,525	97,175
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	260	150	110
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	10	10	10
Ontarian	645	370	275	70	35	40
Québécois	1,570	780	785	235	125	110
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	60	45	15
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	442,840	216,360	226,485
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	261,785	126,780	135,010
Channel Islander	445	235	210	15	10	10
Cornish	205	105	95	20	15	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	153,575	73,830	79,750
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	106,705	50,130	56,575
Manx	815	475	345	100	55	50
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	104,800	50,260	54,545
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	8,985	4,350	4,630
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	11,505	5,265	6,240
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	129,795	62,330	67,470
Alsatian	355	140	215	20	10	15
Breton	60	35	20	0	0	0
Corsican	60	30	30	0	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	129,775	62,320	67,455
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	113,470	55,905	57,565
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	2,395	1,220	1,175
Bavarian	155	65	85	15	0	10
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	10,860	5,430	5,430
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	36,420	17,785	18,635
Flemish	910	430	475	385	175	210
Frisian	400	230	165	145	70	80
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	70,760	34,845	35,915
Luxembourger	305	145	155	65	40	35
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	1,355	695	665
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	55	40	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	8,950	4,145	4,800
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	2,090	980	1,110
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	2,040	975	1,070
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	370	185	180
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	2,100	940	1,165
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	2,170	955	1,215
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	520	245	280
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	66,145	31,905	34,245
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	335	155	175
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	150	50	100
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	2,985	1,475	1,505
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	1,710	775	930
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	190	100	95
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	11,585	5,705	5,880
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	240	125	125
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	785	355	425
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	35	15	25
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	21,080	10,180	10,900
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	7,475	3,545	3,930
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	7,000	3,330	3,675
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	4,780	2,180	2,600
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	17,055	8,250	8,805
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	255	135	120
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	77,200	38,670	38,535
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	1,645	815	830
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	645	325	320
Catalan	160	105	60	0	10	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	4,670	2,310	2,360
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	65	35	30
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	3,975	1,990	1,980
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	44,990	22,535	22,455
Kosovar	485	255	225	90	35	60
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	2,390	1,210	1,180
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	1,660	895	765
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	180	115	60
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	8,360	4,205	4,160
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	4,975	2,620	2,350
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	265	145	125
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	1,075	470	610
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	4,415	2,160	2,250
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	2,095	1,005	1,090
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	40	20	25
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	2,050	955	1,100
Basque	815	400	415	30	10	20
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	1,005	510	490
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	65	20	45
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	50	15	35
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	900	390	505
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	5,635	2,810	2,825
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	30	0	20
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	55	30	25
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	270	135	130
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	50	30	25
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	0	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	330	160	165
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	125	60	70
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	65	25	40
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	420	170	250
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	3,015	1,570	1,450
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	10	0	10
Martinican	160	50	105	0	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	15	0	10
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	110	50	60
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	35	20	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	755	345	410
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	85	30	55
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	425	220	205
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	160	90	70
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	9,205	4,540	4,660
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	255	105	150
Arawak	710	315	395	0	0	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	195	110	85
Belizean	355	170	185	115	65	50
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	80	25	50
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	275	145	125
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	175	75	100
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	675	320	355
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	105	50	55
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	120	35	85
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	295	185	115
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	390	165	225
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	300	120	175
Honduran	1,750	810	940	230	150	80
Maya	1,135	555	575	170	100	70
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	4,345	2,265	2,085
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	260	110	145
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	65	20	45
Paraguayan	305	140	160	20	15	0
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	85	30	55
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	1,155	525	630
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	20	15	10
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	245	100	145
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	250	130	120
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	12,605	6,355	6,255
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	2,180	1,160	1,020
Akan	700	395	305	55	30	25
Angolan	1,030	490	535	25	10	15
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
Beninese	370	190	180	20	10	10
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	110	45	60
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	490	260	225
Edo	935	490	445	15	10	10
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	175	100	70
Guinean	680	335	340	0	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	85	50	35
Ivorian	615	285	330	15	10	0
Liberian	335	140	200	60	30	30
Malian	260	140	125	0	0	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	1,110	605	505
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	25	15	10
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	0	0	0
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	65	40	25
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	75	35	40
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	2,085	1,115	975
Algerian	1,700	835	870	135	65	70
Berber	680	365	315	10	10	0
Coptic	1,815	935	885	60	30	25
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	930	460	465
Libyan	1,275	685	600	210	120	85
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	0
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	95	40	60
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	680	370	305
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	45	30	15
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	2,385	1,140	1,240
Afrikaner	340	175	170	20	15	10
Amhara	500	240	260	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	0	0	0
Burundian	710	385	325	105	50	55
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	0
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	195	105	90
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	420	215	205
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	25	15	10
Malagasy	180	75	100	20	15	10
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	80	30	50
Oromo	830	370	460	40	20	20
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	165	75	90
Seychellois	165	65	95	15	0	20
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	905	440	470
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	340	155	185
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	50	20	25
Tigrian	410	210	200	10	10	10
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	40	20	20
Zambian	385	195	190	10	10	0
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	10	0	0
Zulu	205	100	110	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	100	40	65
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	6,325	3,140	3,175
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	1,280	640	635
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	5,080	2,515	2,560
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	68,060	34,105	33,960
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	31,935	16,010	15,925
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	255	105	150
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	3,535	1,835	1,695
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	645	295	355
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	580	270	315
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	55	45	10
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	20	15	0
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	1,170	620	550
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	7,455	3,635	3,825
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	130	50	75
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	575	290	285
Kazakh	975	445	530	0	0	0
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	195	115	85
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	25	20	10
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	10	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	13,300	6,755	6,540
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	1,575	815	755
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	25	15	10
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	135	90	40
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	2,500	1,215	1,290
Tajik	1,425	670	755	0	0	0
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	20	10	0
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	1,005	430	570
Turkmen	405	205	200	0	0	0
Uighur	545	255	290	20	10	15
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	0	0	0
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	130	65	65
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	860	455	405
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	14,120	7,575	6,545
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	360	195	165
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	175	100	80
Bhutanese	150	80	65	210	110	95
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	9,500	5,130	4,370
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	40	15	25
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	80	50	35
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	40	20	25
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	350	180	170
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	2,590	1,375	1,215
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	670	390	280
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	35	25	10
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	370	180	190
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	95	55	45
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	825	425	400
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	22,245	10,645	11,600
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	240	125	110
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	835	395	440
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	11,460	5,535	5,925
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	5,300	2,345	2,960
Hmong	55	25	30	15	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	210	130	85
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	525	270	255
Karen	265	115	145	205	110	95
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	925	495	430
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	555	290	265
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	75	35	45
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	30	15	15
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	20	10	10
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	175	90	85
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	445	180	265
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	0	0	0
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	3,005	1,505	1,505
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	85	40	45
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	350	180	165
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	350	180	170
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	405	225	180
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	255	125	135
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	100	60	35
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	70	55	20
Fijian	1,185	495	690	20	15	10
Hawaiian	225	115	115	25	20	0
Maori	200	105	90	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	0	0	10
Samoan	90	45	50	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	15	15	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	256,705	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	187,545	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	68,995	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	256,705	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	13,085	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	243,625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	256,705	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	895	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	26,485	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	58,015	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	108,340	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	62,975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	256,710	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	47,330	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	34,630	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	40,580	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	39,725	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	94,440	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	256,710	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	254,025	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	2,680	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	256,710	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	247,690	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	9,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	256,710	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	92,370	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	75,740	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	24,575	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	30,800	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	16,310	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	9,645	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	7,265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	256,710	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	238,880	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	17,825	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	256,705	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	159,175	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	93,795	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	3,735	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	256,705	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	7,180	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	30,130	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	39,575	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	51,875	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	54,365	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	41,140	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	23,230	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	9,220	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	250,930	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	198,485	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	52,450	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	46,210	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	182,555	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	57.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	12.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	918	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,056	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	200,133	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	240,672	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	68,630	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	16.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	43.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	781	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	813	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	512,400	249,815	262,585
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	99,630	50,175	49,455
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	156,540	76,170	80,375
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	256,230	123,470	132,760
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	38,885	29,390	9,490
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	16,225	10,415	5,815
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	22,655	18,975	3,680
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	121,080	50,205	70,870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	8,230	3,550	4,675
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	88,040	40,325	47,715
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	60,585	26,245	34,345
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	6,435	2,770	3,660
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	2,525	1,580	945
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	15,770	8,020	7,750
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	2,730	1,715	1,020
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	323,235	157,815	165,415
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	37,950	20,870	17,080
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	94,310	47,420	46,890
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	190,970	89,525	101,445
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	25,365	19,160	6,205
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	10,490	6,765	3,730
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	14,875	12,395	2,475
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	93,455	38,520	54,935
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	5,370	2,355	3,015
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	66,780	29,485	37,295
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	45,690	19,270	26,425
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	4,880	2,005	2,870
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	2,000	1,165	830
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	12,195	5,885	6,315
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	2,020	1,165	860
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	512,405	249,820	262,580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	256,170	126,345	129,820
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	16,450	4,135	12,315
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	16,450	4,135	12,315
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	5,815	2,415	3,395
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	880	610	270
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	4,935	1,810	3,125
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	10,440	4,200	6,240
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	845	160	690
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	2,620	795	1,825
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	2,520	980	1,540
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	60	25	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	560	320	235
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	1,290	760	530
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	1,830	1,035	800
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	715	125	590
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	27,625	8,125	19,500
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	275	30	245
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	2,850	1,325	1,520
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	7,680	580	7,100
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	3,675	1,230	2,440
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	335	55	275
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	4,970	1,225	3,745
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	7,845	3,675	4,170
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	44,640	15,895	28,745
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	105	25	85
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	4,720	845	3,875
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	39,815	15,035	24,780
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	7,980	4,035	3,950
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	3,185	1,300	1,885
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	1,595	685	910
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	40	15	25
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	2,110	1,475	635
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	1,050	555	495
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	7,950	4,880	3,065
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	6,255	4,125	2,130
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	485	70	415
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	1,120	630	485
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	90	55	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	63,595	59,295	4,295
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	1,430	1,080	345
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	10,950	9,170	1,775
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	13,390	12,040	1,350
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	12,200	11,970	235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	13,065	12,780	285
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	12,565	12,255	305
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	5,640	3,970	1,670
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	4,425	3,155	1,265
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	1,215	810	405
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	47,450	7,960	39,485
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	3,290	1,700	1,585
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	43,595	5,880	37,710
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	565	380	190
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	18,610	8,545	10,065
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	10,335	2,030	8,305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	65	60	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	80	75	10
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	5,355	3,855	1,500
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	2,780	2,525	255
Other	335	95	235	40	10	25
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	40	15	25
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	323,230	157,820	165,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	132,260	68,295	63,965
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	10,860	2,575	8,285
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	10,860	2,575	8,290
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	4,300	1,750	2,555
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	620	420	200
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	3,685	1,330	2,355
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	7,000	2,750	4,250
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	635	105	530
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	1,660	505	1,150
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	1,825	680	1,145
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	40	30	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	375	220	155
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	850	535	310
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	1,170	605	560
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	455	70	385
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	21,795	5,980	15,810
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	200	35	165
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	2,435	1,125	1,305
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	6,305	450	5,855
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	2,980	840	2,140
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	245	40	200
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	3,700	770	2,930
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	5,930	2,725	3,210
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	34,365	11,735	22,630
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	75	15	60
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	3,790	625	3,160
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	30,505	11,090	19,410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	5,450	2,590	2,860
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	2,145	830	1,315
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	1,165	490	680
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	35	10	25
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	1,370	900	470
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	725	355	370
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	6,595	4,105	2,485
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	5,385	3,575	1,810
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	320	40	280
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	815	445	370
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	65	40	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	46,215	42,615	3,600
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	1,200	895	305
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	8,370	6,835	1,530
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	10,070	8,875	1,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	8,290	8,140	155
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	9,040	8,820	220
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	9,250	9,045	200
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	4,260	2,890	1,370
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	3,325	2,255	1,070
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	935	630	300
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	36,070	6,090	29,980
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	2,420	1,230	1,190
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	33,225	4,600	28,630
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	425	265	155
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	14,020	6,445	7,575
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	7,690	1,510	6,185
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	45	40	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	40	35	10
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	4,115	2,930	1,190
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	2,130	1,935	200
Other	285	80	205	35	15	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	40	10	20
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	512,400	249,815	262,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	256,170	126,345	129,825
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	256,230	123,470	132,760
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	221,320	105,275	116,050
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	213,250	101,180	112,070
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	8,075	4,095	3,980
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	34,910	18,200	16,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	11,245	5,830	5,415
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	1,690	580	1,115
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	2,380	1,330	1,055
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	3,045	1,910	1,130
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	1,930	895	1,035
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	220	125	85
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	14,395	7,525	6,870
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	323,235	157,820	165,410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	132,260	68,295	63,965
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	190,970	89,520	101,445
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	166,495	77,585	88,910
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	160,930	74,785	86,150
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	5,560	2,800	2,765
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	24,475	11,940	12,535
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	8,380	4,205	4,170
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	1,230	415	820
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	1,650	790	850
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	1,290	710	570
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	1,325	600	725
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	140	80	55
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	10,465	5,130	5,340
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	512,405	249,820	262,585
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	306,515	160,260	146,250
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	283,475	147,955	135,520
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	23,040	12,305	10,730
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	205,890	89,550	116,335
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	59.8	64.2	55.7
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	55.3	59.2	51.6
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	7.5	7.7	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	512,400	249,815	262,585
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	196,110	84,665	111,450
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	316,290	165,160	151,135
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	161,740	93,335	68,410
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	154,545	71,825	82,720
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.9	43.3	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	306,510	160,265	146,250
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	8,000	3,795	4,200
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	298,515	156,470	142,045
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	268,900	137,620	131,280
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	29,615	18,850	10,765
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	306,510	160,265	146,245
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	8,000	3,795	4,205
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	298,515	156,470	142,045
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	27,950	17,655	10,295
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	37,770	10,200	27,570
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	17,415	14,195	3,215
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	23,475	3,835	19,645
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	29,865	9,055	20,805
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	5,470	2,215	3,260
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	71,030	27,455	43,575
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	49,585	46,370	3,215
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	7,815	5,580	2,235
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	28,135	19,910	8,225
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	306,510	160,265	146,250
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	8,000	3,795	4,200
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	298,510	156,465	142,045
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	11,695	7,745	3,950
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	1,355	1,165	190
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	2,635	1,890	740
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	19,530	17,355	2,175
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	51,625	38,655	12,970
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	9,395	6,640	2,755
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	32,765	14,315	18,445
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	13,590	10,105	3,480
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	3,375	1,710	1,665
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	8,420	2,755	5,665
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	3,780	2,085	1,700
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	13,590	7,690	5,900
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	200	105	90
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	14,000	8,010	5,985
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	20,485	6,090	14,395
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	37,565	5,570	31,990
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	7,335	3,550	3,790
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	22,370	8,210	14,160
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	13,030	6,515	6,515
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	11,775	6,300	5,475
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	283,475	147,955	135,515
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	15,330	8,125	7,205
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	7,250	4,565	2,685
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	27,520	20,110	7,405
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	233,375	115,155	118,215
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	233,375	115,155	118,220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	138,385	64,455	73,930
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	79,740	42,300	37,445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	14,735	8,070	6,665
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	515	335	180
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	260,895	135,270	125,625
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	223,480	117,235	106,250
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	16,195	7,480	8,715
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	6,335	2,610	3,725
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	10,035	4,780	5,260
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	2,560	1,920	635
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	2,285	1,245	1,045
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	260,895	135,270	125,625
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	101,850	48,645	53,205
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	105,075	55,655	49,415
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	36,425	20,360	16,065
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	10,295	6,005	4,290
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	7,250	4,605	2,645
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	260,895	135,270	125,625
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	18,725	12,645	6,075
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	51,770	34,940	16,830
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	64,635	33,795	30,840
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	48,310	17,120	31,190
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	25,600	9,630	15,975
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	51,855	27,140	24,710
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	326,540	170,175	156,365
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	324,210	169,085	155,130
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	322,580	168,175	154,405
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	320,210	167,595	152,620
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	2,375	585	1,790
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	1,625	910	720
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	1,620	910	715
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	230	160	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	235	160	70
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	200	135	60
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	25	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	90	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	10	0	10
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	70	35	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	720	410	305
Albanian	210	125	85	10	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	60	20	35
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	60	25	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	10	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	35	10	30
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	0	0	0
Serbian	160	110	55	20	20	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	265	155	105
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	240	70	165	170	105	70
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	45	35
Greek	340	190	155	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	50	15	35
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	45	15	35
Bengali	300	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	20	0	15
Hindi	740	355	385	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	15	10	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	10	0	10
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	340	210	130
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	10	0	10
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	45	20	25
Romanian	245	105	140	15	10	10
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	265	175	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	0	10	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	20	0	20
American Sign Language	245	80	170	10	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	465	265	200
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	455	265	190
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	175	110	65
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	240	135	105
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	25	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	10	0	10
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	35	10	30
Lao	10	0	10	10	0	10
Thai	65	30	30	25	0	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	0	10	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	15	0	15
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	15	0	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	2,330	1,090	1,235
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	865	325	545
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	1,410	745	665
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	50	20	30
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	326,540	170,175	156,365
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	314,535	164,735	149,805
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	2,020	705	1,315
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	4,085	1,580	2,505
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	5,695	3,060	2,635
Aboriginal	155	50	105	120	20	100
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	5,580	3,040	2,540
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	30	10	20
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	175	80	90
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	609,305	299,445	309,865
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	540,350	265,410	274,940
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	68,955	34,035	34,925
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	42,180	20,755	21,425
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	26,770	13,280	13,490
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	21,725	10,720	11,005
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	18,910	9,270	9,645
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	2,810	1,445	1,365
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	5,045	2,560	2,485
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	583,740	286,060	297,680
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	388,450	190,490	197,955
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	195,290	95,570	99,720
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	118,135	57,450	60,685
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	77,160	38,120	39,040
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	61,945	30,245	31,705
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	55,045	26,790	28,255
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	6,900	3,455	3,445
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	15,210	7,870	7,335