Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo [Census metropolitan area], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo Ontario [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	523,894	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	496,383r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	210,896	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	200,495	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	480.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	1,091.16	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	523,890	258,575	265,320
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	92,390	47,215	45,180
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	29,445	15,060	14,385
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	31,695	16,250	15,440
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	31,250	15,895	15,350
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	355,650	177,120	178,525
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	32,675	16,740	15,930
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	38,980	20,320	18,660
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	36,935	18,645	18,285
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	36,050	17,875	18,170
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	34,440	16,960	17,480
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	35,085	17,210	17,875
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	36,655	18,045	18,610
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	39,435	19,460	19,985
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	35,635	17,555	18,080
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	29,760	14,310	15,445
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	75,860	34,245	41,615
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	24,950	11,925	13,020
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	17,865	8,325	9,540
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	13,190	6,120	7,065
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	9,725	4,195	5,535
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	10,130	3,675	6,450
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	6,430	2,425	4,005
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	3,005	1,105	1,905
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	605	140	470
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	85	10	75
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	17.6	18.3	17.0
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	67.9	68.5	67.3
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	14.5	13.2	15.7
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.9	1.4	2.4
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	39.2	38.3	40.1
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	38.6	37.5	39.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	110,670	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	21,970	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	67,655	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	12,585	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	22,595	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	5,930	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	26,240	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	300	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	49,295	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	66,685	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	33,235	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	32,605	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	18,685	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	516,085	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	431,505	211,365	220,140
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	251,105	125,415	125,690
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	213,080	106,435	106,640
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	38,020	18,975	19,045
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	180,400	85,945	94,450
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	121,585	66,460	55,125
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	13,065	5,555	7,510
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	24,180	9,375	14,805
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	21,570	4,560	17,010
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	146,925	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	69,480	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	32,505	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	31,515	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	13,425	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	146,925	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	123,105	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	104,105	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	19,000	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	23,820	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	18,995	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	4,825	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	123,105	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	55,490	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	67,615	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	25,335	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	29,520	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	12,755	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	23,820	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	13,990	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	7,170	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	2,660	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	81,440	40,680	40,765
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	138,085	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	51,930	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	86,160	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	4,335	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	58,070	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	49,290	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	8,780	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	518,165	256,330	261,830
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	474,825	237,815	237,005
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	210	75	135
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	34,260	14,825	19,435
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	8,865	3,615	5,260
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	518,165	256,330	261,835
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	501,105	248,825	252,280
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	5,760	2,715	3,045
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	2,585	1,245	1,340
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	8,710	3,545	5,170
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	7,055	3,340	3,715
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.4	1.3	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	518,165	256,330	261,835
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	508,150	251,410	256,740
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	388,365	193,010	195,355
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	382,495	190,215	192,280
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	5,870	2,800	3,070
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	119,785	58,400	61,390
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	30	10	20
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	20	10	10
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	10	0	10
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	5	0	5
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	10	5	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	230	105	120	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	5	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	5	0	5
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	119,760	58,390	61,370
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	9,925	5,030	4,895
Berber languages	220	130	90	25	10	15
Kabyle	105	60	50	20	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	1,210	580	630
Bilen	80	45	35	95	50	45
Oromo	1,005	490	515	85	40	40
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	990	465	520
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	35	20	15
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	8,685	4,435	4,250
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	795	380	415
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	6,560	3,400	3,155
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	285	145	135
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	35	15	20
Harari	930	435	490	15	5	10
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	115	65	50
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	60	30	30
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	780	370	410
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	40	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	3,950	1,905	2,045
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	265	125	140
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	3,685	1,780	1,905
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	5	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	2,215	795	1,420
Bikol	470	210	260	10	5	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	110	30	75
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	45	15	30
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	120	45	75
Malagasy	25	15	15	5	0	0
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	170	65	105
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	10	5	5
Pangasinan	450	185	270	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	1,700	605	1,095
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	30	15	20
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	155	80	75
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	80	40	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	70	40	30
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	1,775	955	820
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	85	45	35
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	620	325	300
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	735	395	335
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	320	180	140
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	485	230	250
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	80,565	39,360	41,210
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	985	510	475
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	650	320	325
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	18,325	8,815	9,515
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	165	85	80
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	85	45	35
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	85	40	45
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	18,165	8,725	9,430
Belarusan	355	170	185	15	5	10
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	535	270	260
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	145	70	75
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	2,085	1,055	1,030
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	730	345	390
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	255	120	130
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	5,230	2,440	2,785
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	1,765	810	955
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	5,065	2,540	2,520
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	515	245	270
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	575	255	320
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	255	130	125
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	780	325	450
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	210	105	110
Celtic languages	460	210	250	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	10	5	0
Welsh	150	65	85	10	10	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	10	5	0
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	14,070	6,590	7,480
Afrikaans	985	475	510	110	55	50
Danish	1,570	710	855	170	80	90
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	1,885	860	1,025
Frisian	135	60	75	35	20	15
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	11,685	5,480	6,210
Icelandic	85	40	45	5	5	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	30	15	15
Swedish	1,140	485	660	65	40	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	65	30	30
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	10	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	5	5	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	1,330	660	670
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	19,590	10,120	9,475
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	14,195	7,325	6,875
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	915	495	420
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	2,775	1,430	1,345
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	1,565	855	715
Kashmiri	275	140	140	5	0	5
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	45	25	20
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	155	75	75
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	255	135	120
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	25	5	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	4,735	2,395	2,345
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	235	110	130
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	250	130	125
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	3,235	1,660	1,575
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	5,185	2,695	2,490
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	635	355	285
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	1,020	535	480
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	3,535	1,810	1,725
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	210	105	105
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	25,590	12,325	13,265
Catalan	165	90	75	15	10	10
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	1,900	1,000	900
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	9,765	4,660	5,100
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	5,510	2,660	2,850
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	8,400	3,990	4,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	5	0	0
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	425	160	260
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	0	0
Georgian	1,110	595	515	5	0	0
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	2,090	1,000	1,090
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	5	0	5
Mongolian	345	155	190	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	655	305	350
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	65	35	30
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	1,020	410	610	10	5	10
Ewe	370	185	190	20	15	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	0	0	0
Ga	440	200	245	5	5	0
Ganda	515	245	270	15	5	5
Igbo	1,520	775	750	30	20	10
Lingala	375	175	200	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	15	5	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	40	20	20
Shona	680	325	355	95	40	55
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	145	65	80
Wolof	160	90	80	10	5	5
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	80	45	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	135	50	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	285	135	150
Dinka	45	25	15	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	285	130	150
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	115	60	60
American Sign Language	470	250	220	70	30	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	50	30	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	13,040	6,415	6,630
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	12,665	6,215	6,455
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	2,200	1,075	1,125
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	75	35	40
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	9,390	4,595	4,795
Min Dong	765	370	395	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	245	125	120
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	105	50	55
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	640	330	305
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	15	10	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	375	195	175
Burmese	1,005	450	555	140	70	70
Karenic languages	265	125	140	125	65	60
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	105	55	45
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	1,155	520	630
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	1,025	485	545
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	125	35	90
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	910	460	455
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	70	40	30
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	785	400	390
Uyghur	385	195	195	10	5	10
Uzbek	595	300	295	15	10	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	30	10	15
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	1,935	940	995
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	95	45	50
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	145	75	75
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	1,690	825	865
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	60	30	25
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	10,010	4,920	5,090
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	1,240	590	645
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	8,310	4,110	4,205
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	230	110	115
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	230	110	125
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	518,165	256,330	261,835
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	494,910	244,945	249,970
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	433,960	215,380	218,585
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	432,315	214,625	217,690
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	1,645	750	900
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	60,950	29,570	31,380
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	60,945	29,565	31,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	6,380	3,130	3,250
Berber languages	65	30	30	15	10	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	800	360	440
Bilen	40	15	20	85	40	40
Oromo	545	250	290	55	20	30
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	655	295	360
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	10	0	5
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	5,565	2,760	2,805
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	525	245	285
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	4,235	2,135	2,100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	170	85	85
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	25	10	15
Harari	520	235	285	5	0	10
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	50	25	25
Maltese	875	395	475	10	5	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	510	235	270
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	25	10	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	2,515	1,205	1,310
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	130	60	75
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	2,380	1,150	1,235
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	775	330	445
Bikol	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	25	10	15
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	25	10	15
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	30	15	15
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	60	30	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	0
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	640	270	370
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	0	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	85	40	45
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	50	20	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	30	15	10
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	920	485	435
Kannada	830	415	410	35	20	15
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	360	190	175
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	360	190	170
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	160	80	80
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	5	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	190	85	105
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	37,365	18,070	19,300
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	540	280	260
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	415	200	215
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	8,790	4,255	4,535
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	15	10	10
Latvian	600	245	355	5	0	5
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	10	5	5
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	8,770	4,250	4,520
Belarusan	125	60	65	10	0	5
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	265	140	125
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	65	30	30
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	865	425	440
Czech	1,415	685	730	235	115	120
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	125	60	70
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	2,145	1,030	1,115
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	990	475	515
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	3,235	1,590	1,640
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	230	105	120
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	195	90	110
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	50	25	30
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	270	120	155
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	100	55	50
Celtic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	5	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	3,525	1,640	1,885
Afrikaans	265	125	145	30	15	15
Danish	135	65	75	10	10	5
Dutch	655	300	350	270	130	140
Frisian	5	0	0	0	5	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	3,175	1,470	1,705
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	10	10	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	5	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	25	15	10
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	470	210	260
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	11,910	5,940	5,975
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	8,360	4,180	4,185
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	530	270	260
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	1,675	825	845
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	755	390	365
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	15	10	5
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	65	35	35
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	155	75	75
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	3,110	1,555	1,555
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	110	50	60
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	125	60	60
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	1,805	900	910
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	3,440	1,715	1,730
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	340	175	165
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	620	305	310
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	2,490	1,240	1,255
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	110	50	60
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	11,715	5,535	6,180
Catalan	80	40	45	15	5	5
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	365	170	195
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	4,045	1,875	2,170
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	2,690	1,300	1,390
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	4,605	2,185	2,420
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	240	110	130
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	5
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	1,500	700	795
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	5	5	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	170	65	105
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	15	5	10
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	0
Ewe	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	5	5	5
Igbo	410	205	205	10	5	10
Lingala	95	40	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	5	0	5
Shona	235	115	125	25	10	15
Swahili	1,225	540	690	60	20	35
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	30	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	120	55	60
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	115	55	55
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	170	90	75
American Sign Language	720	375	345	80	45	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	90	50	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	8,975	4,450	4,525
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	8,645	4,280	4,360
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	1,170	575	595
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	40	15	20
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	6,885	3,405	3,475
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	65	30	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	65	35	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	420	220	205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	330	170	160
Burmese	575	260	310	135	70	60
Karenic languages	215	105	110	120	60	55
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	75	35	35
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	560	260	295
Lao	1,050	505	540	510	240	270
Thai	575	255	320	50	15	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	430	215	210
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	15	10	10
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	390	195	190
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	15	5	10
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	520	255	270
Estonian	650	240	410	15	5	5
Finnish	510	220	290	10	0	10
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	500	245	250
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	20	10	15
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	23,250	11,385	11,865
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	680	310	370
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	22,105	10,865	11,240
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	60	25	35
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	410	190	220
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	518,160	256,330	261,830
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	449,920	223,250	226,665
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	27,070	13,455	13,610
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	4,830	2,050	2,785
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	35,150	17,015	18,140
Aboriginal	480	205	275	50	15	40
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	35,100	17,000	18,100
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	190	85	110
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	590	305	290
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	395	170	225
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	15	10	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	423,860	208,350	215,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	406,690	200,510	206,180
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	35,709	43,368	29,686
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	406,740	200,515	206,225
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	32,331	38,405	27,336
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	369,000	185,895	183,105
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	34,879	43,567	27,605
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	284,065	126,545	157,520
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	3,462	1,315	4,870
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	313,565	163,080	150,485
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	36,532	44,444	30,007
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	423,860	208,350	215,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	406,950	200,585	206,360
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	46,844	55,818	38,121
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	407,000	200,600	206,400
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	38,944	45,307	32,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	368,900	185,805	183,095
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	46,308	55,994	36,479
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	284,395	126,935	157,460
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	6,963	6,245	7,543
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	313,570	163,045	150,525
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	46,319	54,848	37,081
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	423,860	208,350	215,515
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	161,500	92,075	69,425
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	54,659	60,702	47,343
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	65,143	73,195	54,463
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	89.6	92.9	84.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	76.1	79.8	70.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	10.4	7.0	15.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	423,860	208,345	215,515
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	17,175	7,840	9,335
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	406,690	200,510	206,175
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.9	96.2	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	56,600	24,310	32,290
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	64,805	25,450	39,350
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	54,685	22,360	32,320
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	47,170	21,005	26,170
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	42,805	20,585	22,220
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	34,390	18,540	15,850
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	25,970	15,135	10,835
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	19,400	11,875	7,525
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	14,975	9,415	5,555
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	13,195	7,865	5,335
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	32,700	23,970	8,730
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	22,310	15,985	6,320
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	10,390	7,985	2,405
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	423,865	208,350	215,510
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	17,120	7,835	9,290
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	406,740	200,515	206,230
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.0	96.2	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	57,970	24,695	33,275
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	67,985	26,745	41,245
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	63,730	26,475	37,250
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	57,570	26,740	30,830
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	49,280	25,740	23,535
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	34,680	20,040	14,645
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	24,065	15,020	9,045
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	18,705	11,440	7,270
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	32,750	23,620	9,135
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	11,010	7,445	3,565
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	6,515	4,640	1,880
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	15,230	11,540	3,695
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	423,860	208,350	215,515
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	110,295	45,270	65,030
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	313,565	163,080	150,485
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	74.0	78.3	69.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	38,720	18,305	20,415
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	24,355	10,535	13,820
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	39,675	17,215	22,455
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	32,420	13,900	18,515
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	33,100	14,600	18,500
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	31,865	15,775	16,085
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	26,875	15,190	11,680
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	20,305	12,280	8,025
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	15,605	9,835	5,770
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	50,660	35,440	15,220
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	12,745	8,205	4,540
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	11,415	6,920	4,495
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	26,500	20,315	6,185
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	77,229	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	67,654	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	49,290	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	38,151	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	34,051	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	151,205	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	93,298	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	81,175	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	95,081	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	79,056	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	49,360	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	47,793	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	39,942	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	151,130	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	110,526	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	91,831	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	3,080	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	2,070	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	4,465	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	5,890	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	7,335	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	6,640	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	7,430	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	7,860	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	7,920	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	7,945	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	15,260	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	14,335	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	13,745	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	12,660	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	11,970	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	71,895	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	23,765	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	16,485	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	17,880	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	13,770	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	200,495	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	3,275	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	2,125	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	4,545	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	6,155	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	8,265	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	7,485	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	8,870	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	9,285	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	9,515	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	9,495	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	18,185	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	17,015	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	15,995	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	14,485	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	12,365	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	53,435	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	22,680	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	13,350	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	17,405	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	144,525	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	94,057	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	81,598	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	50,730	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	82,933	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	72,353	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	68,055	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	118,152	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	100,627	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	21,920	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	55,247	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	50,775	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	144,425	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	111,616	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	92,515	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	50,770	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	100,953	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	83,266	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	68,145	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	134,838	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	110,934	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	21,810	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	66,185	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	57,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	70,830	36,265	34,570
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	32,534	35,454	30,010
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	29,736	31,890	27,837
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	70,975	36,005	34,970
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	41,467	44,363	38,484
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	35,067	36,809	33,273
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	516,080	255,450	260,635
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	236,605	113,635	122,970
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	45,675	22,370	23,305
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	42,660	19,195	23,465
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	46,310	21,770	24,545
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	49,600	24,170	25,435
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	52,350	26,125	26,230
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	279,475	141,820	137,655
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	55,500	27,815	27,685
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	56,435	28,615	27,820
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	58,350	29,570	28,780
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	58,590	29,880	28,710
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	50,600	25,935	24,665
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	516,085	255,450	260,630
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	110,975	56,630	54,350
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	35,575	18,245	17,335
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	334,955	166,525	168,430
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	70,150	32,295	37,855
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	62,750	29,150	33,600
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	16,950	8,590	8,355
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	6,070	3,095	2,975
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	38,505	17,930	20,570
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	7,305	2,625	4,675
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	12.2	11.4	12.9
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	15.3	15.2	15.4
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	17.1	17.0	17.2
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	11.5	10.8	12.2
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	10.4	8.1	12.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	38,030	19,030	18,995
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	8,825	4,525	4,300
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	3,075	1,590	1,485
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	27,660	13,850	13,815
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	1,540	660	885
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	7.4	7.4	7.3
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	8.0	8.0	7.9
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	8.6	8.7	8.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	8.3	8.3	8.2
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	2.2	2.0	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	516,085	255,450	260,630
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	507,185	251,840	255,350
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	506,990	251,765	255,220
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	34,335	14,905	19,425
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	142,870	69,695	73,170
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	100	35	65
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	90	30	60
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	15	0	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	10	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	10	0	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	10	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	65	30	40
Algonquin	15	10	10	10	0	10
Ojibway	675	270	405	60	25	35
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	10	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	142,770	69,665	73,105
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	12,310	6,345	5,965
Berber languages	245	135	110	0	0	0
Kabyle	80	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	1,530	785	740
Bilen	85	50	35	160	80	80
Oromo	1,390	590	800	85	40	45
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	1,190	610	575
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	115	70	50
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	11,035	5,680	5,355
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	1,130	550	575
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	8,665	4,500	4,170
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	275	155	125
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	45	25	20
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	380	225	150
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	110	65	45
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	1,040	460	580
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	50	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	45	30	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	4,840	2,310	2,535
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	310	130	180
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	4,555	2,190	2,365
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	10	10	10
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	2,775	935	1,830
Bikol	580	260	325	0	0	10
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	95	15	80
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	55	15	45
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	90	25	65
Malagasy	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	340	150	190
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	20	10	10
Pangasinan	450	200	255	10	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	2,355	765	1,590
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	30	10	10
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	470	240	225
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	240	125	120
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	235	120	115
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	2,395	1,290	1,105
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	205	115	90
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	675	325	355
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	1,215	675	540
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	465	265	205
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	15	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	490	235	260
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	99,010	48,260	50,745
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	1,045	580	470
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	815	395	420
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	21,045	10,090	10,955
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	200	110	90
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	135	75	60
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	70	35	40
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	20,865	10,000	10,870
Belarusan	945	495	450	75	30	45
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	815	390	425
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	160	75	85
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	3,200	1,545	1,660
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	940	470	465
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	345	150	195
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	5,845	2,705	3,140
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	2,565	1,150	1,415
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	6,360	3,260	3,095
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	615	285	325
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	765	390	375
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	310	140	170
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	955	375	580
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	250	125	120
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	90	50	45
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	45	20	25
Welsh	235	115	125	20	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	25	15	0
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	18,125	8,320	9,810
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	225	120	100
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	250	110	140
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	2,975	1,260	1,715
Frisian	195	75	115	45	25	25
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	15,360	7,150	8,215
Icelandic	130	55	75	10	0	0
Norwegian	960	460	500	80	35	40
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	140	100	45
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	65	30	35
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	115	60	55
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	1,805	910	890
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	24,110	12,510	11,600
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	18,980	9,910	9,075
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	1,155	630	530
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	3,370	1,755	1,610
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	6,585	3,475	3,110
Kashmiri	475	240	235	10	0	10
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	70	40	30
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	270	140	130
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	380	205	175
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	15	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	6,770	3,550	3,220
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	370	175	195
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	390	190	205
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	5,585	2,905	2,680
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	5,595	2,840	2,755
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	835	415	420
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	1,010	520	485
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	4,055	2,055	2,000
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	325	145	180
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	34,560	16,595	17,970
Catalan	315	165	150	20	15	0
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	3,115	1,615	1,500
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	12,085	5,905	6,180
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	6,715	3,220	3,495
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	13,610	6,335	7,275
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	30	20	10
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	845	435	410
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	10	0	10
Georgian	1,465	740	725	10	0	10
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	2,205	1,070	1,135
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	20	15	10
Mongolian	445	190	255	20	20	10
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	1,115	580	530
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	85	55	30
Bamanankan	200	110	90	0	0	0
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	25	10	10
Ewe	520	270	250	0	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	0	0	0
Ga	1,005	490	515	10	10	0
Ganda	865	410	455	30	0	25
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	95	70	25
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	105	60	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	35	0	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	45	10	35
Shona	1,175	515	655	35	20	15
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	380	180	200
Wolof	415	185	230	0	0	0
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	225	145	90
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	175	85	95
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	380	165	215
Dinka	85	65	25	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	380	165	215
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	625	235	395
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	460	150	305
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	175	90	90
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	14,755	7,325	7,430
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	14,345	7,115	7,230
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	3,140	1,530	1,610
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	155	65	95
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	11,100	5,460	5,640
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	365	180	190
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	150	85	70
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	785	410	370
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	435	230	205
Burmese	1,325	600	720	165	80	80
Karenic languages	245	115	135	120	60	60
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	0	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	275	140	135
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	1,200	555	640
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	1,070	505	565
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	190	65	125
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	1,480	790	690
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	150	100	50
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	1,290	690	600
Uyghur	490	225	265	0	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	45	20	25
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	55	25	30
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	2,240	1,105	1,135
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	160	85	70
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	145	70	75
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	1,945	955	990
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	140	80	60
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	516,085	255,450	260,630
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	482,350	238,765	243,590
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	106,590	54,380	52,210
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	375,760	184,380	191,380
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	33,730	16,690	17,040
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	516,085	255,450	260,630
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	388,140	192,900	195,235
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	118,615	57,530	61,080
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	35,935	17,345	18,590
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	15,710	7,735	7,970
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	23,745	11,620	12,130
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	29,250	14,050	15,195
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	14,590	7,025	7,570
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	14,655	7,030	7,630
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	13,975	6,780	7,195
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	9,335	5,025	4,310
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	118,615	57,530	61,080
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	13,700	6,940	6,760
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	23,895	12,460	11,435
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	25,560	11,440	14,125
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	47,195	22,990	24,205
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	8,265	3,700	4,565
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	118,615	57,530	61,085
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	17,455	8,000	9,460
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	500	225	275
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	1,640	745	895
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	1,960	915	1,045
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	2,305	1,045	1,260
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	40	20	15
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	1,920	960	965
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	985	460	525
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	185	85	100
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	680	305	380
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	3,890	1,585	2,305
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	3,355	1,645	1,705
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	51,440	24,950	26,490
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	3,160	1,635	1,520
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	2,100	1,040	1,065
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	340	175	165
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	4,680	2,165	2,510
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	580	260	315
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	805	390	420
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	425	210	220
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	1,145	650	490
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	1,725	815	900
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	4,260	1,975	2,290
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	7,160	3,450	3,710
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	5,105	2,420	2,680
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	780	350	430
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	2,525	1,275	1,250
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	740	335	405
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	11,245	5,520	5,725
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	4,675	2,290	2,390
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	7,235	3,640	3,600
Algeria	1,240	650	595	60	30	25
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	1,185	630	560
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	955	480	475
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	420	200	225
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	45	25	25
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	310	185	125
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	720	335	380
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	500	250	250
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	3,045	1,510	1,530
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	42,130	20,760	21,370
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	1,290	585	705
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	690	360	325
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	6,380	3,025	3,355
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	785	445	340
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	8,575	4,400	4,180
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	1,580	860	720
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	1,950	1,005	950
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	150	45	105
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	1,460	765	695
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	640	330	310
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	3,780	1,975	1,810
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	2,445	905	1,535
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	910	450	460
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	1,660	850	810
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	460	225	225
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	3,345	1,565	1,785
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	6,040	2,985	3,060
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	350	185	165
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	13,975	6,780	7,195
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	1,735	805	935
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	55	25	25
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	270	100	175
Cuba	1,200	535	660	85	35	55
Haiti	865	415	450	20	10	10
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	165	105	65
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	125	60	65
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	565	230	330
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	40	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	415	225	190
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	1,715	825	890
France	1,400	675	725	40	25	15
Germany	915	490	420	125	60	60
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	60	35	25
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	30	10	15
Romania	1,490	590	900	260	105	150
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	85	30	55
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	70	30	45
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	275	170	110
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	775	360	415
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	1,550	765	785
Algeria	205	95	115	10	10	0
Cameroon	805	355	450	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	10	0	10
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	10	10	0
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	290	135	155
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	340	160	180
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	225	95	130
Morocco	365	145	220	0	0	0
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	105	70	40
Somalia	1,155	555	600	205	100	105
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	80	30	45
Tunisia	125	90	40	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	265	150	115
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	8,935	4,350	4,580
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	235	75	155
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	135	50	90
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	1,395	665	730
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	25	0	15
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	1,835	1,010	820
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	495	270	220
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	850	485	365
Israel	1,665	880	785	40	25	15
Japan	965	265	700	20	0	20
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	160	65	95
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	65	30	35
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	75	30	45
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	620	295	330
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	600	180	420
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	110	80	40
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	90	40	50
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	1,050	540	510
Taiwan	760	300	460	75	40	30
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	95	65	35
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	60	20	40
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	260	100	160
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	635	270	365
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	45	40	0
Australia	1,005	615	390	25	20	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	15	15	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	516,080	255,455	260,630
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	130,375	63,880	66,495
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	108,125	54,565	53,560
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	277,580	137,005	140,580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	84,495	41,040	43,455
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	35,760	18,700	17,055
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	13,050	9,525	3,525
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	22,715	9,180	13,530
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	24,180	9,600	14,580
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	23,845	12,425	11,420
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	710	310	395
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	516,085	255,455	260,630
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	8,885	4,270	4,610
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	8,430	4,045	4,385
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	5,450	2,565	2,885
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	2,815	1,400	1,415
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	165	75	85
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	175	115	60
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	280	115	165
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	507,200	251,180	256,020
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	516,080	255,455	260,635
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	2,560	1,220	1,340
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	513,520	254,230	259,295
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	516,085	255,450	260,630
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	1,375	645	725
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	1,345	625	720
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	1,060	490	565
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	255	130	125
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	30	0	25
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	30	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	13,630	6,520	7,105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	13,305	6,385	6,925
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	10,065	4,790	5,275
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	2,935	1,425	1,510
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	310	165	145
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	325	135	185
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	280	120	160
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	30	15	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	501,080	248,285	252,795
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	516,085	255,450	260,630
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	99,735	50,115	49,620
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	26,635	13,975	12,670
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	15,940	7,890	8,050
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	15,110	7,795	7,315
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	3,535	1,430	2,105
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	9,100	4,390	4,705
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	7,105	3,700	3,400
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	8,175	3,920	4,255
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	4,335	2,195	2,145
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	2,460	1,240	1,225
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	760	330	425
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	3,270	1,605	1,665
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	3,305	1,650	1,655
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	416,345	205,335	211,015
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	516,085	255,455	260,630
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	15,005	7,165	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	11,465	5,435	6,030
Inuit	1,360	645	710	380	190	190
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	3,510	1,700	1,810
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	136,690	67,525	69,165
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	595	240	355
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	5,805	2,905	2,895
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	131,890	65,140	66,755
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	1,245	620	620
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	100	40	55
Ontarian	645	370	275	60	35	30
Québécois	1,570	780	785	150	85	65
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	15	10	10
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	365,075	179,270	185,800
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	215,920	105,220	110,700
Channel Islander	445	235	210	35	30	10
Cornish	205	105	95	10	10	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	120,810	58,590	62,215
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	89,590	42,255	47,335
Manx	815	475	345	85	40	45
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	93,055	44,835	48,220
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	8,855	4,235	4,620
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	15,325	7,245	8,080
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	46,530	22,370	24,160
Alsatian	355	140	215	300	130	165
Breton	60	35	20	10	10	0
Corsican	60	30	30	10	0	10
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	46,250	22,245	24,005
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	137,830	67,325	70,500
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	4,285	2,110	2,175
Bavarian	155	65	85	0	0	0
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	1,935	975	960
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	25,200	12,325	12,875
Flemish	910	430	475	210	110	95
Frisian	400	230	165	90	50	40
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	112,330	54,885	57,445
Luxembourger	305	145	155	75	50	30
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	7,575	3,730	3,845
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	20	15	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	9,460	4,665	4,790
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	2,110	1,005	1,110
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	1,860	940	920
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	470	230	245
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	2,420	1,225	1,200
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	2,490	1,180	1,310
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	675	390	290
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	63,090	30,545	32,545
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	415	190	220
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	390	175	220
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	2,465	1,195	1,270
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	585	240	350
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	535	265	270
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	8,520	4,180	4,335
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	605	315	295
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	1,070	555	515
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	130	50	80
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	25,085	12,295	12,790
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	9,690	4,560	5,135
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	6,810	3,205	3,605
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	2,060	1,035	1,025
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	12,990	6,235	6,750
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	200	100	100
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	64,710	32,605	32,105
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	1,190	650	540
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	1,365	690	675
Catalan	160	105	60	0	10	0
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	4,915	2,420	2,495
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	645	325	315
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	3,885	1,965	1,920
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	18,650	9,575	9,075
Kosovar	485	255	225	120	60	55
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	870	365	505
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	760	390	365
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	180	85	95
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	21,240	10,720	10,520
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	7,215	3,685	3,530
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	130	90	45
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	1,250	620	635
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	5,490	2,530	2,955
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	1,580	785	795
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	20	15	10
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	2,285	1,150	1,135
Basque	815	400	415	75	25	50
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	1,175	600	575
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	45	20	25
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	95	45	55
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	915	475	440
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	9,855	4,985	4,870
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	50	25	20
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	45	15	35
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	820	415	405
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	125	45	80
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	30	25	10
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	650	270	370
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	255	145	115
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	190	100	95
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	10	10	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	105	55	55
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	5,220	2,685	2,540
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	75	40	30
Martinican	160	50	105	10	0	10
Montserratan	440	210	230	30	20	10
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	65	35	35
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	130	65	60
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	1,360	695	665
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	170	80	95
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	1,055	505	555
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	235	115	120
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	13,530	6,480	7,050
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	370	180	190
Arawak	710	315	395	10	10	0
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	210	90	120
Belizean	355	170	185	0	0	0
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	45	10	35
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	660	310	345
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	410	185	225
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	2,400	1,105	1,290
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	60	30	25
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	260	135	125
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	635	310	330
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	2,615	1,275	1,340
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	335	170	165
Honduran	1,750	810	940	140	85	55
Maya	1,135	555	575	140	90	60
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	1,605	755	845
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	620	330	290
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	50	25	25
Paraguayan	305	140	160	40	0	30
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	345	195	150
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	2,335	1,110	1,225
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	45	20	30
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	345	150	190
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	700	315	375
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	12,815	6,565	6,250
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	1,425	805	620
Akan	700	395	305	10	10	10
Angolan	1,030	490	535	20	20	0
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	10	10	10
Beninese	370	190	180	20	10	10
Burkinabe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	50	10	35
Chadian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	185	105	85
Edo	935	490	445	10	0	0
Ewe	160	90	70	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	225	105	120
Guinean	680	335	340	10	0	0
Ibo	1,495	775	720	65	25	40
Ivorian	615	285	330	10	10	0
Liberian	335	140	200	70	40	25
Malian	260	140	125	0	10	0
Malinké	220	105	120	0	0	0
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	590	355	235
Peulh	60	40	20	0	0	10
Senegalese	535	280	255	10	0	10
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	40	25	20
Togolese	315	205	105	0	0	0
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	120	75	45
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	140	55	80
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	3,415	1,810	1,610
Algerian	1,700	835	870	110	65	45
Berber	680	365	315	10	10	10
Coptic	1,815	935	885	25	20	10
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	1,970	1,035	940
Libyan	1,275	685	600	165	95	65
Maure	235	130	105	0	0	10
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	175	85	85
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	975	495	475
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	45	30	10
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	25	20	0
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	5,395	2,660	2,730
Afrikaner	340	175	170	20	20	10
Amhara	500	240	260	35	25	10
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	25	20	10
Burundian	710	385	325	35	10	25
Djiboutian	205	95	115	0	0	10
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	1,400	675	730
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	1,365	650	705
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	90	55	35
Malagasy	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	80	45	35
Oromo	830	370	460	35	15	15
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	80	35	50
Seychellois	165	65	95	15	10	10
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	1,500	780	715
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	515	220	295
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	30	20	15
Tigrian	410	210	200	75	40	30
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	70	25	45
Zambian	385	195	190	10	0	10
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	75	35	40
Zulu	205	100	110	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	270	140	135
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	2,975	1,490	1,490
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	350	135	210
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	2,645	1,360	1,285
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	77,160	38,655	38,505
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	16,345	8,390	7,955
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	2,200	1,055	1,145
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	1,430	795	635
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	1,275	675	600
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	155	85	65
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	155	70	80
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	70	25	50
Hazara	515	280	235	55	35	15
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	2,395	1,285	1,105
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	1,575	825	750
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	175	100	80
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	385	190	200
Kazakh	975	445	530	15	10	0
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	780	400	380
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	45	25	15
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	15	0	15
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	1,685	815	875
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	1,000	500	495
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	275	135	140
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	185	110	75
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	1,685	860	820
Tajik	1,425	670	755	160	80	80
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	10	10	10
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	1,595	810	790
Turkmen	405	205	200	50	20	35
Uighur	545	255	290	10	0	10
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	55	15	35
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	30	20	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	590	295	290
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	27,520	14,320	13,205
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	660	350	305
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	260	135	125
Bhutanese	150	80	65	135	75	60
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	19,295	10,025	9,270
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	50	20	25
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	290	145	145
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	45	25	20
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	335	185	150
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	4,300	2,290	2,015
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	1,615	830	785
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	245	115	125
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	870	460	410
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	320	155	160
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	1,360	700	655
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	33,915	16,275	17,640
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	605	290	310
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	485	225	260
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	18,680	9,260	9,425
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	4,070	1,670	2,395
Hmong	55	25	30	550	280	270
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	420	200	215
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	1,025	455	570
Karen	265	115	145	85	45	40
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	2,570	1,305	1,270
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	1,680	815	865
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	150	90	60
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	85	45	40
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	30	25	10
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	310	145	165
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	395	160	235
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	10	10	0
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	5,515	2,715	2,805
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	190	95	95
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	440	215	225
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	440	215	230
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	740	390	350
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	485	255	230
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	150	100	50
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	100	35	65
Fijian	1,185	495	690	30	0	25
Hawaiian	225	115	115	15	0	10
Maori	200	105	90	10	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	10	0	10
Samoan	90	45	50	25	15	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	15	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	136,145	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	64,355	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	21,785	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	178,710	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	545	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	21,930	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	42,440	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	87,165	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	48,415	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	200,495	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	45,170	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	28,780	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	32,915	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	29,095	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	64,530	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	197,420	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	3,075	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	200,495	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	191,555	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	8,945	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	40,530	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	57,055	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	29,330	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	27,320	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	18,415	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	15,310	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	12,535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	190,425	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	10,070	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	200,495	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	108,870	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	85,955	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	5,670	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	200,495	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	7,505	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	31,540	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	36,570	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	43,280	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	37,845	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	25,095	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	13,650	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	5,020	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	199,640	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	152,655	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	46,985	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	40,905	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	135,570	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	63.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	14.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,344	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,381	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	349,737	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	393,896	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	64,310	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	12.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	42.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	992	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,051	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	423,865	208,350	215,510
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	77,185	38,430	38,755
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	122,855	61,195	61,660
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	223,825	108,730	115,100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	26,905	19,305	7,600
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	12,300	7,460	4,840
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	14,605	11,850	2,760
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	89,735	38,755	50,970
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	7,150	3,445	3,700
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	100,035	47,210	52,825
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	66,380	30,075	36,305
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	5,995	2,655	3,340
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	2,225	1,235	990
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	20,460	9,885	10,570
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	4,980	3,360	1,620
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	282,335	139,050	143,280
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	31,420	16,830	14,590
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	73,420	37,200	36,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	177,495	85,025	92,470
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	19,080	13,755	5,325
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	8,730	5,285	3,440
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	10,350	8,470	1,880
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	71,620	31,170	40,450
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	5,115	2,455	2,660
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	81,680	37,640	44,040
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	53,140	23,765	29,370
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	4,910	2,070	2,835
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	1,775	870	905
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	17,790	8,320	9,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	4,065	2,615	1,455
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	423,860	208,345	215,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	200,035	99,620	100,415
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	11,560	2,610	8,945
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	11,560	2,610	8,950
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	7,795	3,355	4,435
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	1,405	980	420
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	6,390	2,380	4,010
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	14,695	5,505	9,195
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	1,180	265	915
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	3,895	1,025	2,870
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	3,115	975	2,140
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	120	45	75
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	1,215	605	610
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	1,985	1,155	835
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	2,435	1,315	1,120
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	755	115	635
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	27,310	8,555	18,750
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	310	65	250
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	2,945	1,105	1,840
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	5,115	365	4,745
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	3,325	960	2,360
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	620	150	470
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	4,960	1,245	3,715
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	10,035	4,665	5,370
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	42,880	16,840	26,035
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	90	25	65
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	4,025	715	3,315
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	38,760	16,100	22,660
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	9,335	4,690	4,645
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	3,720	1,535	2,190
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	2,070	980	1,095
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	90	15	75
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	3,080	2,020	1,060
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	375	140	235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	12,700	8,420	4,280
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	8,615	6,020	2,595
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	525	95	430
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	3,165	2,005	1,155
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	395	290	105
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	49,670	44,680	4,995
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	1,615	995	620
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	13,185	10,685	2,505
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	10,685	9,550	1,140
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	7,790	7,575	215
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	8,820	8,610	210
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	7,570	7,270	300
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	4,105	2,365	1,735
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	2,335	1,315	1,025
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	1,770	1,055	715
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	30,150	5,225	24,930
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	3,490	1,495	2,000
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	26,040	3,365	22,675
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	620	365	255
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	13,255	6,435	6,820
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	7,240	1,930	5,305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	20	25	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	85	65	20
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	4,060	2,770	1,290
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	1,850	1,650	200
Other	335	95	235	375	45	330
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	375	45	330
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	282,335	139,055	143,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	104,840	54,025	50,815
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	8,615	1,855	6,760
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	8,615	1,850	6,760
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	6,100	2,540	3,555
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	990	725	265
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	5,110	1,815	3,295
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	10,995	3,960	7,040
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	890	135	755
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	3,025	755	2,270
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	2,290	725	1,570
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	70	20	50
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	875	430	445
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	1,415	835	575
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	1,890	995	890
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	530	50	485
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	21,810	6,605	15,205
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	245	40	205
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	2,485	935	1,560
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	4,000	255	3,750
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	2,820	750	2,070
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	465	115	350
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	3,830	875	2,955
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	7,955	3,635	4,320
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	35,205	13,530	21,675
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	90	20	70
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	3,425	590	2,840
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	31,690	12,920	18,775
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	7,190	3,555	3,630
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	2,930	1,175	1,755
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	1,545	745	795
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	75	10	65
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	2,350	1,520	825
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	285	100	185
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	11,080	7,385	3,695
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	7,825	5,480	2,350
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	430	70	360
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	2,480	1,585	900
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	345	255	90
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	38,975	34,695	4,280
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	1,365	810	555
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	10,970	8,795	2,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	8,565	7,600	965
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	5,780	5,595	185
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	6,590	6,420	165
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	5,705	5,475	230
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	3,265	1,805	1,455
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	1,835	980	850
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	1,430	830	605
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	23,475	3,950	19,525
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	2,690	1,115	1,575
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	20,300	2,590	17,715
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	480	245	240
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	10,515	5,105	5,410
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	5,500	1,375	4,130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	30	25	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	3,380	2,270	1,115
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	1,590	1,425	165
Other	285	80	205	270	45	230
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	270	40	230
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	423,860	208,350	215,515
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	200,040	99,620	100,415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	223,825	108,725	115,100
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	185,885	89,165	96,715
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	175,095	83,930	91,165
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	10,790	5,240	5,550
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	37,940	19,560	18,380
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	5,420	2,920	2,500
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	1,290	380	915
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	4,520	2,435	2,080
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	3,885	2,380	1,500
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	2,900	1,375	1,515
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	215	120	95
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	19,715	9,940	9,775
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	282,335	139,050	143,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	104,835	54,025	50,810
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	177,495	85,030	92,470
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	148,660	70,875	77,785
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	140,105	66,695	73,405
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	8,560	4,180	4,380
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	28,835	14,150	14,685
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	4,245	2,200	2,045
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	1,155	330	825
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	3,600	1,840	1,760
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	2,115	1,210	905
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	2,365	1,115	1,255
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	155	85	65
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	15,200	7,370	7,830
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	423,865	208,345	215,510
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	290,430	151,985	138,445
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	271,875	142,595	129,275
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	18,555	9,390	9,165
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	133,430	56,360	77,070
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	68.5	72.9	64.2
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	64.1	68.4	60.0
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	6.4	6.2	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	423,860	208,350	215,510
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	124,210	51,935	72,270
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	299,655	156,410	143,245
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	164,860	94,335	70,525
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	134,795	62,075	72,725
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	43.6	44.2	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	290,430	151,985	138,440
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	5,395	2,610	2,785
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	285,035	149,375	135,660
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	257,070	132,410	124,665
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	27,955	16,965	10,995
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	290,430	151,985	138,440
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	5,395	2,610	2,785
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	285,030	149,375	135,655
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	30,210	18,590	11,620
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	42,510	12,475	30,035
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	24,625	19,190	5,430
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	15,805	2,490	13,315
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	31,340	10,150	21,190
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	7,480	3,165	4,320
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	63,915	26,230	37,685
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	40,350	37,770	2,580
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	4,240	3,105	1,135
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	24,555	16,210	8,345
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	290,425	151,985	138,440
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	5,395	2,610	2,785
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	285,035	149,375	135,655
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	3,165	1,880	1,290
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	385	335	50
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	1,070	840	225
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	18,820	16,600	2,220
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	45,950	32,560	13,390
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	11,840	8,245	3,590
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	31,215	14,580	16,630
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	11,930	8,925	3,005
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	8,115	4,600	3,515
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	17,605	6,420	11,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	4,720	2,460	2,260
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	21,650	12,640	9,010
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	470	230	235
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	11,905	6,740	5,165
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	24,530	8,390	16,140
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	27,745	4,205	23,535
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	4,630	2,360	2,270
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	18,575	7,090	11,485
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	10,720	5,185	5,535
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	10,000	5,080	4,915
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	271,875	142,595	129,275
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	17,325	8,125	9,200
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	1,110	780	330
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	25,865	19,165	6,700
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	227,580	114,535	113,045
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	227,580	114,535	113,050
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	108,645	49,415	59,235
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	80,555	41,170	39,385
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	37,790	23,595	14,190
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	590	355	240
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	253,445	133,700	119,745
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	205,190	111,175	94,015
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	17,070	7,450	9,615
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	15,280	6,855	8,425
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	11,095	5,050	6,045
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	2,830	2,155	670
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	1,985	1,005	975
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	253,445	133,695	119,750
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	75,895	36,085	39,810
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	107,895	55,470	52,430
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	39,515	22,810	16,705
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	13,130	7,960	5,175
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	17,005	11,375	5,630
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	253,445	133,700	119,745
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	18,815	13,300	5,520
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	44,475	29,235	15,245
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	60,975	30,530	30,435
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	56,200	24,160	32,030
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	27,840	12,145	15,690
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	45,145	24,325	20,820
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	308,800	160,875	147,925
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	306,650	159,920	146,735
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	303,860	158,470	145,390
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	302,965	158,250	144,710
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	895	210	680
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	2,795	1,450	1,340
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	2,790	1,450	1,345
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	145	105	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	140	105	35
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	10
Arabic	1,165	760	405	130	100	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	10	10	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	145	60	90
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	145	60	90
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	1,685	865	825
Albanian	210	125	85	20	15	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	155	60	95
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	155	60	100
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	10	10	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	45	10	30
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	25	10	20
Serbian	160	110	55	50	25	25
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	30	10	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	880	410	470
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	40	25	85	35	50
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	775	360	415
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	10
Greek	340	190	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	245	115	125
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	200	95	105
Bengali	300	145	155	10	0	10
Gujarati	615	210	405	25	15	10
Hindi	740	355	385	15	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	90	60	35
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	45	15	30
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	45	20	20
Kurdish	85	75	10	15	10	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	385	250	135
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	185	125	60
Romanian	245	105	140	35	20	15
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	160	105	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	15	0	15
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	150	85	65
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	40	15	25
American Sign Language	245	80	170	40	15	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	545	285	260
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	540	280	260
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	105	60	50
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	390	205	190
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	40	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	10	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	25	25	10
Lao	10	0	10	20	15	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	15	0	15
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	15	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	2,145	960	1,190
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	595	170	425
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	1,520	780	745
French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	30	10	25
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	308,800	160,875	147,925
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	297,910	155,830	142,080
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	1,775	745	1,025
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	3,145	1,175	1,960
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	5,780	3,060	2,720
Aboriginal	155	50	105	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	5,775	3,060	2,715
English and French	85	45	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	25	15	10
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	165	40	120
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	510,295	252,615	257,680
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	438,495	216,800	221,690
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	71,805	35,810	35,985
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	40,335	20,145	20,190
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	31,460	15,665	15,795
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	25,105	12,485	12,620
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	22,540	11,170	11,365
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	2,565	1,310	1,255
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	6,355	3,185	3,175
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	486,690	240,610	246,080
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	295,775	145,570	150,205
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	190,915	95,040	95,870
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	103,905	51,525	52,380
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	87,010	43,510	43,495
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	67,420	33,545	33,875
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	61,770	30,680	31,090
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	5,650	2,865	2,785
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	19,585	9,970	9,620