Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Digby [Population centre], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brantford Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Digby Nova Scotia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Map : Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Digby [Population centre], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	134,203	...	...	2,060	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	135,501	...	...	2,152	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.0	...	...	-4.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	54,419	...	...	1,145	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	52,530	...	...	1,036	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	125.1	...	...	654.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,073.15	...	...	3.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	134,200	65,395	68,805	2,060	895	1,170
0 to 14 years	23,600	12,010	11,590	235	105	135
0 to 4 years	7,500	3,795	3,705	75	35	40
5 to 9 years	8,140	4,125	4,015	80	35	45
10 to 14 years	7,960	4,085	3,875	85	35	45
15 to 64 years	86,965	42,770	44,195	1,180	545	640
15 to 19 years	8,165	4,205	3,965	100	40	55
20 to 24 years	7,980	3,990	3,985	85	30	55
25 to 29 years	7,775	3,830	3,945	85	50	35
30 to 34 years	8,290	4,045	4,245	70	30	40
35 to 39 years	8,185	4,010	4,170	75	30	45
40 to 44 years	8,385	4,140	4,250	115	50	65
45 to 49 years	8,715	4,280	4,440	115	50	65
50 to 54 years	10,320	5,050	5,275	180	85	90
55 to 59 years	9,965	4,815	5,145	195	90	105
60 to 64 years	9,185	4,400	4,785	180	85	90
65 years and over	23,635	10,615	13,020	640	245	400
65 to 69 years	7,865	3,805	4,050	175	80	100
70 to 74 years	5,470	2,570	2,900	140	60	80
75 to 79 years	3,930	1,810	2,125	115	40	70
80 to 84 years	3,025	1,280	1,750	90	30	55
85 years and over	3,345	1,145	2,200	120	35	85
85 to 89 years	2,055	745	1,310	75	20	50
90 to 94 years	1,010	345	670	30	5	20
95 to 99 years	245	60	185	10	5	10
100 years and over	30	5	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	18.4	16.8	11.4	11.7	11.5
15 to 64 years	64.8	65.4	64.2	57.3	60.9	54.7
65 years and over	17.6	16.2	18.9	31.1	27.4	34.2
85 years and over	2.5	1.8	3.2	5.8	3.9	7.3
Average age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	50.2	48.7	51.3
Median age of the population	41.8	40.7	42.9	54.5	53.7	55.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
Single-detached house	35,165	...	...	595	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,895	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,455	...	...	440	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,740	...	...	25	...	...
Row house	4,280	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,625	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,620	...	...	355	...	...
Other single-attached house	195	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	15	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
1 person	13,510	...	...	460	...	...
2 persons	18,205	...	...	385	...	...
3 persons	8,600	...	...	100	...	...
4 persons	7,595	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	4,625	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	131,640	...	...	1,945	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	110,605	53,385	57,215	1,825	785	1,035
Married or living common law	64,245	32,105	32,135	905	455	455
Married	52,920	26,450	26,470	720	365	360
Living common law	11,325	5,660	5,665	185	90	95
Not married and not living common law	46,355	21,280	25,080	915	330	580
Never married	28,400	15,370	13,030	410	195	215
Separated	4,045	1,715	2,330	80	30	45
Divorced	6,885	2,715	4,170	185	70	120
Widowed	7,030	1,475	5,555	240	35	205
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	38,765	...	...	550	...	...
2 persons	19,535	...	...	375	...	...
3 persons	8,565	...	...	90	...	...
4 persons	7,330	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	3,340	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	38,765	...	...	545	...	...
Total couple families	31,610	...	...	440	...	...
Married couples	25,950	...	...	345	...	...
Common-law couples	5,660	...	...	90	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,160	...	...	110	...	...
Female parent	5,620	...	...	95	...	...
Male parent	1,540	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	31,605	...	...	440	...	...
Couples without children	15,300	...	...	300	...	...
Couples with children	16,310	...	...	135	...	...
1 child	6,430	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	6,745	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	3,135	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,160	...	...	110	...	...
1 child	4,235	...	...	70	...	...
2 children	2,140	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	785	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,620	9,230	10,390	560	215	345
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
One-census-family households	36,400	...	...	540	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,380	...	...	300	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	22,020	...	...	235	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,165	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	14,970	...	...	490	...	...
One-person households	13,505	...	...	460	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,460	...	...	30	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	132,745	64,830	67,920	1,950	855	1,095
English only	125,870	62,025	63,845	1,785	795	990
French only	35	15	20	0	0	0
English and French	6,020	2,475	3,545	165	60	105
Neither English nor French	830	315	510	5	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	132,745	64,825	67,920	1,955	855	1,100
English	130,600	63,905	66,695	1,890	825	1,060
French	1,210	565	645	50	25	30
English and French	145	65	80	0	5	0
Neither English nor French	790	295	500	0	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,285	590	685	55	20	30
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	0.9	1.0	2.8	2.3	2.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	132,745	64,825	67,920	1,950	855	1,095
Single responses	131,350	64,175	67,170	1,935	845	1,090
Official languages	117,930	57,750	60,180	1,895	830	1,065
English	116,640	57,140	59,500	1,840	805	1,035
French	1,285	605	680	60	25	35
Non-official languages	13,420	6,425	6,995	40	15	20
Aboriginal languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cayuga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,380	6,405	6,970	35	15	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	370	195	180	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	355	185	165	10	0	10
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	285	155	135	10	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	650	300	355	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	630	285	340	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	485	175	310	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	425	150	270	0	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	110	55	55	5	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	35	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	45	20	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,020	4,860	5,160	15	10	5
Albanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,585	1,185	1,400	5	0	5
Baltic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,550	1,170	1,380	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	110	65	45	0	0	0
Czech	45	20	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	1,725	780	950	0	0	0
Russian	120	45	70	0	0	0
Serbian	115	60	50	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	85	40	45	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	270	120	150	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,025	965	1,060	5	5	0
Afrikaans	20	15	10	0	0	0
Danish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dutch	1,045	530	520	0	0	0
Frisian	35	20	10	0	0	0
German	820	360	455	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	165	95	75	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,295	1,155	1,140	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,200	1,110	1,090	0	0	0
Bengali	60	25	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	260	135	125	0	0	0
Hindi	165	80	80	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,350	675	675	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	5	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	295	155	140	0	0	0
Iranian languages	90	45	45	0	5	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,890	1,425	1,460	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,315	655	660	0	0	0
Portuguese	835	410	425	0	0	0
Romanian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Spanish	590	295	295	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	195	85	115	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	25	10	15	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	20	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	605	285	320	10	5	5
Chinese languages	605	285	320	10	5	10
Cantonese	215	105	110	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	320	155	170	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	20	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Lao	55	25	35	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	640	310	330	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	25	5	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	600	295	300	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,400	650	745	15	10	10
English and French	230	100	130	10	5	5
English and non-official language	1,110	525	590	5	0	0
French and non-official language	35	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	20	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	132,745	64,825	67,920	1,950	860	1,095
Single responses	130,160	63,590	66,570	1,940	850	1,090
Official languages	124,855	61,075	63,775	1,915	840	1,075
English	124,560	60,945	63,620	1,910	840	1,070
French	300	135	160	5	0	5
Non-official languages	5,300	2,515	2,790	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,290	2,505	2,780	20	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	155	75	80	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	150	70	75	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	145	65	75	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	485	225	255	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	475	220	250	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	70	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	155	65	90	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,535	1,670	1,865	0	5	0
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	870	395	470	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	865	395	470	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	670	310	365	0	0	0
Russian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	170	90	80	5	0	0
Afrikaans	15	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	65	35	35	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	75	40	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,490	720	765	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,440	705	740	0	0	0
Bengali	30	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	185	95	90	0	0	0
Hindi	75	40	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	980	475	505	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	150	70	80	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	935	425	510	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	340	145	195	0	0	0
Portuguese	245	110	130	0	0	0
Romanian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Spanish	295	140	155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	150	60	90	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	45	30	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	400	205	195	5	0	5
Chinese languages	395	200	195	5	0	5
Cantonese	125	60	60	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	240	125	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	10	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Lao	30	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	130	65	70	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,585	1,235	1,355	15	5	10
English and French	110	50	60	10	0	5
English and non-official language	2,420	1,165	1,260	0	0	5
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	20	30	0	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	132,750	64,830	67,920	1,950	855	1,095
None	124,850	61,175	63,670	1,895	830	1,065
English	2,370	1,145	1,230	10	5	5
French	1,085	430	655	25	10	15
Non-official language	4,330	2,020	2,310	15	10	10
Aboriginal	95	45	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,235	1,975	2,260	15	5	10
English and French	15	5	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	108,070	52,370	55,700	1,705	745	965
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	103,830	50,335	53,500	1,660	730	935
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,295	40,719	27,766	23,253	27,200	21,222
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	103,855	50,335	53,520	1,665	725	940
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,500	36,260	25,809	21,990	25,754	20,224
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	92,550	45,860	46,690	1,285	570	710
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,532	40,028	24,482	20,373	25,344	17,632
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,035	33,345	42,690	1,415	595	820
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,748	5,594	7,148	10,200	9,984	10,236
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,410	39,265	37,145	970	455	520
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,859	41,569	27,317	20,912	25,408	17,440
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	108,070	52,365	55,705	1,725	775	945
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	103,755	50,285	53,470	1,670	765	910
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,027	49,368	35,124	30,700	33,543	28,304
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	103,785	50,290	53,500	1,675	765	910
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,793	41,184	30,725	26,960	29,005	25,238
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	92,450	45,850	46,605	1,315	615	700
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,209	48,295	32,255	28,150	32,504	24,326
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,240	33,490	42,745	1,450	635	810
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,435	8,009	8,768	9,823	8,807	10,621
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,410	39,290	37,125	985	480	505
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,047	48,114	33,569	26,953	30,167	23,905
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	108,070	52,365	55,705	1,720	775	950
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	38,865	22,405	16,460	410	215	195
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,795	56,198	44,151	38,168	36,752	38,397
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,360	64,382	50,164	42,125	42,006	42,259
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.5	89.4	80.3	71.5	76.1	66.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.6	75.9	66.0	53.0	57.9	47.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.5	10.6	19.6	28.5	23.9	33.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	108,070	52,365	55,705	1,710	745	965
Without total income	4,235	2,035	2,205	45	15	30
With total income	103,830	50,330	53,495	1,665	725	935
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.1	96.0	97.4	97.3	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,015	5,460	7,555	255	110	145
$10,000 to $19,999	18,075	6,795	11,285	435	155	285
$20,000 to $29,999	16,235	6,520	9,715	350	135	215
$30,000 to $39,999	13,110	5,995	7,120	240	110	130
$40,000 to $49,999	11,610	5,675	5,940	135	55	80
$50,000 to $59,999	8,625	4,820	3,805	100	65	30
$60,000 to $69,999	6,310	3,835	2,470	50	35	20
$70,000 to $79,999	4,315	2,760	1,560	35	15	20
$80,000 to $89,999	3,435	2,210	1,225	20	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	3,035	1,810	1,225	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	6,060	4,455	1,610	40	25	10
$100,000 to $149,999	4,505	3,260	1,245	25	15	5
$150,000 and over	1,560	1,195	360	15	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	108,070	52,365	55,705	1,705	745	965
Without after-tax income	4,215	2,035	2,185	40	15	25
With after-tax income	103,850	50,335	53,520	1,660	725	935
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.1	96.1	97.4	97.3	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,400	5,565	7,830	260	110	150
$10,000 to $19,999	18,945	7,135	11,810	470	165	305
$20,000 to $29,999	18,735	7,800	10,930	400	160	235
$30,000 to $39,999	15,920	7,435	8,490	245	115	130
$40,000 to $49,999	12,695	6,830	5,870	150	90	55
$50,000 to $59,999	8,295	4,970	3,320	55	30	25
$60,000 to $69,999	5,510	3,585	1,925	35	20	20
$70,000 to $79,999	4,275	2,630	1,650	20	15	5
$80,000 and over	6,070	4,390	1,680	30	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,350	1,595	755	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,280	935	340	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	2,440	1,860	585	15	10	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	108,070	52,365	55,700	1,710	745	960
Without employment income	31,660	13,100	18,560	735	290	445
With employment income	76,410	39,265	37,145	975	455	520
Percentage with employment income	70.7	75.0	66.7	57.0	61.1	54.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,225	4,985	5,240	180	75	105
$5,000 to $9,999	6,365	2,600	3,760	100	35	65
$10,000 to $19,999	9,870	4,020	5,850	195	80	115
$20,000 to $29,999	8,545	3,565	4,980	170	80	90
$30,000 to $39,999	8,605	3,820	4,780	110	55	55
$40,000 to $49,999	8,255	4,130	4,130	65	30	35
$50,000 to $59,999	6,345	3,775	2,575	60	40	20
$60,000 to $69,999	4,590	3,000	1,595	35	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,390	2,225	1,160	20	10	15
$80,000 and over	10,215	7,145	3,070	40	35	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,840	1,870	965	15	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,675	1,605	1,070	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	4,700	3,665	1,035	20	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,756	...	...	36,352	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,117	...	...	34,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	13,505	...	...	460	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,491	...	...	20,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,674	...	...	20,016	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	39,025	...	...	575	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,110	...	...	52,608	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,817	...	...	48,666	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,010	...	...	49,523	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,718	...	...	43,491	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,525	...	...	450	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,151	...	...	32,421	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,715	...	...	27,758	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	39,005	...	...	585	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,872	...	...	62,785	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,202	...	...	55,691	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	52,530	...	...	1,040	...	...
Under $5,000	490	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	520	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,420	...	...	60	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,930	...	...	125	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,450	...	...	85	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,170	...	...	65	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,440	...	...	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,420	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,415	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,265	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,250	...	...	100	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,940	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,600	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,340	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,015	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,870	...	...	115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,800	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,795	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,945	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,330	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
Under $5,000	520	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	530	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,465	...	...	60	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,000	...	...	130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,775	...	...	90	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,415	...	...	85	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,765	...	...	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,870	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,815	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,610	...	...	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,020	...	...	90	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,490	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,230	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,660	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,980	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,385	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,200	...	...	40	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,045	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,145	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	37,975	...	...	555	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,983	...	...	51,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,692	...	...	48,160	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,015	...	...	295	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,928	...	...	51,968	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,014	...	...	48,256	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	16,510	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,317	...	...	78,592	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,896	...	...	71,936	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,545	...	...	110	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,448	...	...	34,048	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,586	...	...	32,000	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	37,965	...	...	560	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,896	...	...	60,069	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,145	...	...	53,414	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,005	...	...	310	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,712	...	...	63,289	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,084	...	...	55,267	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	16,450	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,797	...	...	73,177	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,459	...	...	65,576	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,620	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,567	...	...	34,355	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,642	...	...	32,415	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,045	8,165	8,885	530	210	320
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,476	33,901	27,948	20,896	22,016	20,459
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,043	30,612	26,058	20,320	20,416	20,192
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	17,030	8,290	8,740	545	220	320
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,807	40,619	35,141	32,403	36,225	29,764
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,776	34,658	30,991	27,779	29,545	26,560
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	131,635	64,360	67,280	1,945	855	1,095
In the bottom half of the distribution	67,555	31,865	35,690	1,515	645	870
In the bottom decile	11,225	5,225	6,005	370	150	225
In the second decile	13,445	5,920	7,525	475	190	290
In the third decile	14,290	6,730	7,560	245	105	140
In the fourth decile	14,320	6,935	7,385	230	105	125
In the fifth decile	14,270	7,050	7,220	185	95	90
In the top half of the distribution	64,085	32,500	31,590	435	210	220
In the sixth decile	14,170	7,145	7,025	135	65	75
In the seventh decile	14,080	7,165	6,915	120	65	60
In the eighth decile	13,900	7,000	6,895	90	40	45
In the ninth decile	12,905	6,550	6,355	60	25	30
In the top decile	9,035	4,635	4,400	30	10	15
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	131,640	64,360	67,280	1,945	855	1,090
0 to 17 years	28,485	14,570	13,915	295	135	160
0 to 5 years	9,045	4,570	4,480	85	35	45
18 to 64 years	81,315	39,705	41,610	1,095	500	600
65 years and over	21,835	10,085	11,755	560	215	335
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,510	7,845	9,670	645	250	400
0 to 17 years	4,945	2,490	2,455	140	60	75
0 to 5 years	1,710	850	860	50	25	30
18 to 64 years	10,165	4,540	5,630	330	130	205
65 years and over	2,400	815	1,590	175	55	115
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.3	12.2	14.4	33.2	29.2	36.7
0 to 17 years (%)	17.4	17.1	17.6	47.5	44.4	46.9
0 to 5 years (%)	18.9	18.6	19.2	58.8	71.4	66.7
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	11.4	13.5	30.1	26.0	34.2
65 years and over (%)	11.0	8.1	13.5	31.3	25.6	34.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,210	3,950	4,265	240	100	145
0 to 17 years	2,060	1,035	1,025	60	25	35
0 to 5 years	720	345	375	20	5	15
18 to 64 years	5,800	2,770	3,030	165	70	100
65 years and over	350	140	205	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.2	6.1	6.3	12.3	11.7	13.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	7.1	7.4	20.3	18.5	21.9
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	7.5	8.4	23.5	14.3	33.3
18 to 64 years (%)	7.1	7.0	7.3	15.1	14.0	16.7
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.4	1.7	2.7	2.3	3.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	131,640	64,360	67,280	1,945	875	1,070
Official languages	130,860	64,075	66,785	1,945	875	1,070
English	130,835	64,065	66,775	1,945	870	1,075
French	6,000	2,590	3,405	160	65	90
Non-official languages	16,845	8,205	8,640	45	35	15
Aboriginal languages	170	90	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	15	15	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	160	80	80	0	0	0
Cayuga	40	10	30	0	0	0
Mohawk	125	70	55	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	16,680	8,125	8,555	40	30	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	635	305	330	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	635	300	330	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	530	270	265	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	0	15	0	0	0
Maltese	70	30	40	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	775	370	400	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	760	365	395	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	640	250	385	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	10	35	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	35	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	615	245	375	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	70	40	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	110	45	65	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	55	30	30	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	12,525	6,170	6,355	35	30	0
Albanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Armenian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,865	1,340	1,525	0	0	0
Baltic languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,825	1,325	1,500	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	155	75	75	0	0	0
Czech	65	35	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,930	885	1,045	0	0	0
Russian	195	95	100	0	0	0
Serbian	175	95	80	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	115	75	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	310	130	180	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,575	1,235	1,345	15	10	10
Afrikaans	50	30	15	0	0	0
Danish	50	20	30	10	10	0
Dutch	1,370	725	650	0	0	10
Frisian	25	10	15	0	0	0
German	1,105	485	615	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	220	105	110	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,820	1,465	1,355	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,750	1,430	1,325	0	0	0
Bengali	55	20	35	0	0	0
Gujarati	355	195	165	0	0	0
Hindi	820	425	395	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,745	900	845	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	540	285	260	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	35	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,160	2,095	2,065	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,730	930	800	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,125	565	555	0	0	0
Romanian	200	85	120	0	0	0
Spanish	1,255	605	645	15	15	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	65	40	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	255	105	150	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	100	60	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	40	20	25	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	15	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	180	80	95	0	0	0
American Sign Language	60	25	35	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	115	55	65	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	740	365	375	0	0	0
Chinese languages	735	360	375	0	0	0
Cantonese	295	150	150	0	0	0
Hakka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	460	225	230	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	100	40	60	0	0	0
Lao	95	35	55	0	0	0
Thai	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	745	385	365	0	0	0
Estonian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	655	350	310	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	131,640	64,355	67,280	1,945	875	1,070
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	128,295	62,710	65,580	1,915	860	1,055
Canadian citizens aged under 18	28,325	14,445	13,875	285	115	175
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	99,975	48,260	51,710	1,635	745	885
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,340	1,645	1,700	30	15	15
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	131,635	64,355	67,280	1,945	875	1,070
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	114,820	56,075	58,745	1,870	840	1,035
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	16,470	8,105	8,365	70	35	35
Before 1981	8,215	4,140	4,075	45	20	20
1981 to 1990	2,140	1,025	1,115	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	2,455	1,165	1,285	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	2,555	1,230	1,325	20	0	15
2001 to 2005	1,325	635	695	10	0	10
2006 to 2010	1,225	600	630	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,105	540	560	10	10	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	350	180	170	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	16,470	8,105	8,365	70	35	35
Under 5 years	2,040	1,100	940	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	3,405	1,760	1,645	15	10	10
15 to 24 years	4,555	2,075	2,475	20	10	10
25 to 44 years	5,445	2,650	2,790	20	15	10
45 years and over	1,025	510	515	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	16,470	8,105	8,365	70	35	40
Americas	2,210	1,065	1,145	30	10	20
Brazil	105	35	70	0	0	0
Colombia	85	35	50	0	0	0
El Salvador	45	15	30	0	0	0
Guyana	90	50	40	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	455	245	210	0	0	0
Mexico	95	25	75	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	150	95	50	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	815	355	460	25	10	20
Other places of birth in Americas	350	200	155	0	0	0
Europe	9,445	4,725	4,725	40	25	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatia	125	65	65	0	0	0
France	60	40	20	0	0	0
Germany	535	265	270	0	10	0
Greece	100	50	50	0	0	0
Hungary	265	135	135	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	120	50	65	0	0	0
Italy	965	515	445	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,115	615	500	0	0	10
Poland	1,280	555	725	0	0	0
Portugal	570	300	270	0	0	0
Romania	175	80	95	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	100	50	55	0	0	0
Ukraine	85	40	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	3,270	1,640	1,630	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	610	300	310	0	0	0
Africa	380	205	175	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	45	20	25	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	60	35	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	195	100	100	0	0	0
Asia	4,340	2,055	2,285	10	0	0
Afghanistan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	15	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	405	175	225	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	40	25	15	0	0	0
India	1,590	785	800	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	45	25	20	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	135	60	75	0	0	0
Lebanon	80	35	45	0	0	0
Pakistan	345	190	160	0	0	0
Philippines	615	245	370	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	30	15	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	535	250	280	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	395	190	205	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	95	65	35	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,100	540	560	10	10	0
Americas	200	115	85	10	10	0
Brazil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	25	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	90	55	30	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	20	20	0	0	0
Europe	165	90	75	10	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	85	60	25	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	15	25	0	0	0
Africa	80	45	40	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	25	0	0	0
Asia	650	285	360	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	55	20	40	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	230	110	125	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Philippines	150	70	75	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	20	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	20	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	131,640	64,360	67,280	1,945	875	1,075
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	17,350	8,565	8,785	80	40	40
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	24,895	12,130	12,755	115	60	55
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	89,395	43,655	45,735	1,750	775	975
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	8,510	4,110	4,400	30	10	15
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,510	1,815	1,700	15	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,350	875	480	10	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,160	940	1,220	10	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	3,740	1,590	2,150	15	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,230	690	545	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	131,640	64,360	67,280	1,945	875	1,075
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,335	2,955	3,380	155	50	100
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,135	2,865	3,270	150	50	100
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	5,030	2,250	2,775	45	15	30
Métis	1,080	605	475	105	40	70
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	95	45	50	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	105	45	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	125,305	61,410	63,900	1,795	825	975
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	131,640	64,360	67,280	1,945	875	1,070
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,675	1,610	2,065	10	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	127,965	62,750	65,215	1,935	870	1,060
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	131,640	64,360	67,280	1,945	875	1,075
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,750	750	995	50	0	45
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,720	730	985	50	10	40
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,615	695	920	25	0	15
Métis single ancestry	95	35	65	25	0	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	20	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	20	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,995	2,885	3,110	155	65	85
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,855	2,805	3,050	150	70	85
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,880	2,300	2,580	65	30	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	955	500	450	80	35	50
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	140	80	60	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	65	55	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	123,895	60,725	63,175	1,745	800	945
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	131,640	64,355	67,280	1,945	870	1,075
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10,240	5,115	5,125	45	25	25
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	3,310	1,685	1,625	0	0	0
Chinese	890	405	485	10	0	0
Black	2,235	1,170	1,070	25	10	20
Filipino	820	380	440	10	0	0
Latin American	500	240	260	0	0	0
Arab	445	220	225	0	0	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,075	515	560	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Korean	290	130	165	0	0	0
Japanese	70	40	30	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	225	125	100	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	325	185	140	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	121,400	59,240	62,155	1,900	850	1,045
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	131,640	64,355	67,280	1,950	875	1,075
North American Aboriginal origins	7,745	3,635	4,105	200	75	130
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,645	3,090	3,560	90	35	50
Inuit	50	20	30	0	0	0
Métis	1,220	630	585	110	35	70
Other North American origins	44,510	21,395	23,115	990	440	550
Acadian	215	100	115	60	40	20
American	1,505	625	875	0	0	0
Canadian	43,105	20,810	22,300	960	420	535
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	260	105	160	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	40	15	30	15	0	10
Ontarian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Québécois	65	50	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	40	15	20	0	0	0
European origins	100,095	48,780	51,315	1,315	600	710
British Isles origins	70,730	33,980	36,750	1,075	485	590
Channel Islander	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	44,605	21,210	23,395	590	285	305
Irish	25,490	12,070	13,415	425	190	230
Manx	35	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish	30,605	14,550	16,060	375	160	215
Welsh	2,800	1,330	1,470	45	30	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	4,335	2,085	2,250	50	0	40
French origins	12,635	6,030	6,605	355	155	200
Alsatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	10	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	12,630	6,025	6,605	355	155	200
Western European origins (except French origins)	27,680	13,520	14,165	335	160	175
Austrian	580	305	280	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,305	590	715	0	0	0
Dutch	10,560	5,285	5,280	90	55	35
Flemish	15	20	0	0	0	0
Frisian	60	25	35	0	0	0
German	17,010	8,165	8,845	255	105	150
Luxembourger	25	15	10	0	0	0
Swiss	410	205	205	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,425	1,190	1,235	25	10	15
Danish	705	340	370	0	0	0
Finnish	435	200	235	10	10	10
Icelandic	90	30	65	0	0	0
Norwegian	535	295	245	15	0	10
Swedish	620	315	300	0	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	145	65	75	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	16,860	8,265	8,595	30	15	25
Bulgarian	70	65	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Czech	385	195	190	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	200	100	90	0	0	0
Estonian	140	65	75	0	0	0
Hungarian	4,150	2,165	1,980	0	0	0
Latvian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Lithuanian	260	120	135	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	7,185	3,385	3,800	25	10	15
Romanian	675	305	370	0	0	10
Russian	890	440	450	10	0	0
Slovak	345	205	140	0	0	0
Ukrainian	4,570	2,240	2,320	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	13,200	6,750	6,455	20	10	15
Albanian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	0	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	415	205	205	0	0	0
Cypriot	35	20	15	0	0	0
Greek	610	310	310	0	10	0
Italian	8,070	4,210	3,860	10	0	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Maltese	545	285	260	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,460	1,270	1,190	10	0	10
Serbian	340	180	160	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	125	75	50	0	0	0
Spanish	850	380	475	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	265	130	135	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	510	235	270	15	0	15
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	215	100	110	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	25	20	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	245	100	145	15	10	10
Caribbean origins	1,940	1,055	885	0	0	0
Antiguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	120	60	60	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cuban	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dominican	65	45	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	45	35	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	65	35	25	0	0	0
Jamaican	1,090	555	540	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	275	170	105	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	25	15	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	145	75	75	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	75	30	45	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,120	550	570	25	20	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	125	60	70	0	0	0
Chilean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	115	45	70	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	50	35	20	0	0	0
Guatemalan	65	30	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	250	125	125	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	15	10	0	0	0
Honduran	30	20	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexican	175	80	100	20	20	10
Nicaraguan	80	30	50	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	75	40	30	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	65	35	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	35	20	15	0	0	0
African origins	1,030	490	545	55	30	15
Central and West African origins	110	60	50	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	15	10	0	0	0
North African origins	200	105	95	15	10	10
Algerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	120	50	65	15	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	35	35	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	230	105	125	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	100	45	50	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	70	35	35	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	540	245	295	30	20	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	130	35	90	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	415	210	205	30	15	15
Asian origins	7,840	3,865	3,975	20	15	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	985	470	510	10	0	0
Afghan	70	40	25	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	100	50	55	0	0	0
Armenian	175	80	100	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	65	25	30	0	0	0
Israeli	25	15	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	155	70	85	0	0	0
Palestinian	210	110	105	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	25	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	10	15	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	30	15	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	3,450	1,750	1,705	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	35	10	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,700	1,395	1,310	10	10	0
Goan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	380	205	175	0	0	0
Punjabi	310	165	140	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	65	25	35	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	115	60	55	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,465	1,665	1,805	10	0	0
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese	1,160	540	615	10	10	0
Filipino	960	450	515	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	90	60	35	0	0	0
Japanese	95	60	35	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	315	140	180	0	0	0
Laotian	155	75	85	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	855	410	440	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	155	70	80	0	0	0
Australian	115	50	65	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	15	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
Owner	38,005	...	...	525	...	...
Renter	14,525	...	...	515	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	52,530	...	...	1,040	...	...
Condominium	4,040	...	...	45	...	...
Not condominium	48,495	...	...	985	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
No bedrooms	175	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	4,780	...	...	180	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,765	...	...	365	...	...
3 bedrooms	22,415	...	...	305	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	13,390	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,065	...	...	280	...	...
5 rooms	6,750	...	...	190	...	...
6 rooms	8,540	...	...	165	...	...
7 rooms	8,720	...	...	120	...	...
8 or more rooms	19,455	...	...	280	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
One person or fewer per room	52,200	...	...	1,035	...	...
More than 1 person per room	330	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
Suitable	50,795	...	...	1,005	...	...
Not suitable	1,735	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	52,530	...	...	1,040	...	...
1960 or before	18,650	...	...	535	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,670	...	...	255	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,675	...	...	80	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,050	...	...	60	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,330	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,885	...	...	50	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,270	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	48,985	...	...	910	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,550	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
1 household maintainer	30,125	...	...	735	...	...
2 household maintainers	21,455	...	...	285	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	945	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	52,530	...	...	1,035	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,260	...	...	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,895	...	...	75	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,695	...	...	115	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,645	...	...	165	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,980	...	...	235	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,000	...	...	220	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,355	...	...	150	...	...
85 years and over	1,710	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	51,945	...	...	1,035	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	39,830	...	...	710	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	12,110	...	...	320	...	...
30% to less than 100%	11,070	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	37,480	...	...	525	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.4	...	...	47.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.8	...	...	14.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,155	...	...	709	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,227	...	...	864	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,113	...	...	125,245	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	337,344	...	...	152,190	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,490	...	...	510	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.6	...	...	19.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.4	...	...	47.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	901	...	...	627	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	926	...	...	698	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	108,065	52,365	55,705	1,725	775	945
No certificate, diploma or degree	22,370	11,575	10,795	515	225	290
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	33,675	16,285	17,395	460	220	240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	52,025	24,505	27,520	745	330	415
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,380	6,075	2,305	155	115	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,010	2,525	1,485	115	85	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,365	3,550	815	45	30	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	26,935	11,220	15,715	365	125	235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,550	740	810	30	0	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,160	6,475	8,685	195	85	110
Bachelor's degree	10,770	4,340	6,430	125	50	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,110	455	655	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	435	315	120	10	0	0
Master's degree	2,515	1,175	1,340	30	15	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	340	190	145	20	10	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	70,150	34,220	35,930	990	490	495
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,170	5,260	3,905	220	110	110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,165	10,710	10,460	260	125	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,820	18,250	21,565	510	260	250
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,770	4,185	1,585	110	95	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,725	1,725	1,005	80	70	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,045	2,465	580	30	30	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,245	8,815	12,425	235	110	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,060	510	555	20	0	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,740	4,735	7,000	145	55	95
Bachelor's degree	8,390	3,270	5,120	105	45	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	890	340	545	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	330	210	120	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,865	770	1,095	15	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	260	140	120	15	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	108,070	52,365	55,705	1,720	775	945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	56,040	27,860	28,185	980	445	530
Education	3,280	830	2,450	40	10	25
13. Education	3,285	830	2,450	40	10	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,025	915	1,105	20	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	415	295	120	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,610	615	990	10	0	0
Humanities	2,570	1,015	1,560	60	35	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	170	60	115	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	635	190	440	20	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	685	225	455	25	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	125	70	45	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	395	225	165	0	0	0
54. History	470	230	240	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	90	10	85	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,270	1,435	3,840	35	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	10	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	505	185	325	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,490	105	1,390	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	645	180	465	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	110	15	90	0	0	0
42. Psychology	715	145	570	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,755	795	960	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	9,435	3,385	6,050	170	30	145
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	20	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,365	215	1,145	20	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,020	3,150	4,875	155	25	135
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,505	770	740	25	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	540	225	315	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	340	165	170	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	0	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	500	340	160	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	35	65	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,350	830	520	15	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,005	700	315	10	0	0
25. Library science	110	10	105	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	220	120	100	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,805	11,220	585	130	130	0
04. Architecture and related services	355	285	70	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,115	970	145	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,700	2,510	195	25	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,120	2,065	60	40	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,230	3,165	65	45	45	0
48. Precision production	2,285	2,225	60	15	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,195	710	485	25	15	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	855	520	335	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	340	200	145	10	0	0
Health and related fields	9,385	1,390	7,990	135	35	100
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	865	365	505	10	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	8,405	935	7,475	125	25	95
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	110	90	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,170	2,010	2,155	85	45	35
12. Personal and culinary services	2,115	410	1,705	60	20	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,320	905	415	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	715	680	30	25	25	0
Other	40	0	30	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	35	0	30	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	70,150	34,220	35,930	985	490	495
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,330	15,970	14,365	480	230	245
Education	2,325	510	1,815	20	0	15
13. Education	2,325	510	1,815	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,545	685	855	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	300	215	80	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,245	475	775	0	0	0
Humanities	1,890	705	1,180	45	20	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	115	30	85	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	475	135	345	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	550	180	370	15	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	45	30	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	250	135	120	0	0	0
54. History	355	180	180	0	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	55	0	55	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,160	1,050	3,105	20	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	440	165	280	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,250	75	1,175	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	555	130	425	0	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	70	10	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	500	95	405	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,300	575	730	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,470	2,655	4,810	80	20	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	15	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,180	175	1,010	15	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,255	2,465	3,790	65	15	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,160	575	590	20	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	425	165	265	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	255	140	115	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	380	240	145	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	20	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,125	715	410	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	855	615	240	0	10	0
25. Library science	85	10	75	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	170	80	85	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,740	8,255	485	120	120	0
04. Architecture and related services	275	205	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	810	680	125	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,100	1,940	160	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,515	1,460	55	40	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,400	2,360	40	40	40	0
48. Precision production	1,645	1,605	40	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	950	515	435	25	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	680	370	315	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	270	145	120	10	10	10
Health and related fields	7,280	1,065	6,215	95	20	75
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	670	265	415	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,520	735	5,785	90	15	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	65	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,150	1,515	1,635	55	35	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,510	295	1,215	40	15	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,055	680	375	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	540	35	20	15	0
Other	35	10	30	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	35	0	30	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	108,070	52,365	55,700	1,720	775	945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	56,040	27,860	28,180	975	445	535
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	52,030	24,505	27,520	745	330	415
Location of study inside Canada	46,925	21,745	25,180	690	305	385
Same as province or territory of residence	45,185	20,890	24,295	525	235	290
Different than province or territory of residence	1,745	855	885	165	75	90
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,100	2,765	2,340	55	20	35
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,230	630	595	25	10	15
Philippines	325	135	185	0	0	0
India	575	315	265	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	885	590	300	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	150	60	90	0	0	0
France	30	20	10	10	0	0
Other	1,910	1,015	895	15	0	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	70,150	34,220	35,925	990	490	500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,335	15,970	14,365	480	235	245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	39,815	18,255	21,565	510	260	250
Location of study inside Canada	36,490	16,630	19,860	480	250	235
Same as province or territory of residence	35,195	16,020	19,170	370	195	175
Different than province or territory of residence	1,300	605	695	105	50	55
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,325	1,625	1,705	30	10	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	860	395	465	0	0	10
Philippines	260	95	165	0	0	0
India	510	275	235	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	295	170	120	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	135	60	80	0	0	0
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other	1,250	625	625	15	0	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	108,070	52,365	55,700	1,725	775	945
In the labour force	70,065	36,290	33,775	845	425	415
Employed	65,765	34,190	31,570	680	335	340
Unemployed	4,300	2,100	2,205	165	85	75
Not in the labour force	38,005	16,080	21,925	880	350	530
Participation rate	64.8	69.3	60.6	49.0	54.8	43.9
Employment rate	60.9	65.3	56.7	39.4	43.2	36.0
Unemployment rate	6.1	5.8	6.5	19.5	20.0	18.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	108,070	52,365	55,705	1,720	775	945
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	35,595	14,920	20,675	825	315	515
Worked	72,475	37,440	35,030	900	465	435
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	39,770	22,955	16,810	415	225	190
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	32,705	14,485	18,220	485	240	240
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.5	44.2	42.7	40.6	39.7	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	70,065	36,290	33,780	840	425	420
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,150	500	645	30	10	25
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	68,910	35,785	33,130	815	415	395
Employee	62,015	31,510	30,500	715	355	355
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,905	4,275	2,625	100	60	40
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	70,065	36,290	33,780	840	425	420
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,155	505	650	30	10	25
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	68,915	35,785	33,130	815	420	395
0 Management occupations	7,010	4,285	2,720	75	30	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,395	2,710	6,685	120	45	75
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,175	2,570	605	20	15	0
3 Health occupations	4,310	685	3,625	60	0	50
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,000	1,910	5,090	65	15	50
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,570	675	900	15	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	16,160	6,135	10,030	240	105	135
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	12,165	11,225	940	125	120	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,410	1,055	360	45	35	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	6,715	4,545	2,170	60	35	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	70,065	36,290	33,775	845	425	420
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,150	500	645	30	10	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	68,915	35,785	33,130	815	420	395
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,545	1,000	540	50	40	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	125	115	15	0	0	0
22 Utilities	415	300	115	10	0	0
23 Construction	5,155	4,410	745	45	45	0
31-33 Manufacturing	11,995	8,710	3,285	65	45	20
41 Wholesale trade	3,240	2,245	1,005	30	25	10
44-45 Retail trade	8,150	3,575	4,580	130	50	80
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,675	2,635	1,035	20	15	10
51 Information and cultural industries	910	490	425	25	10	15
52 Finance and insurance	1,685	710	980	25	10	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	870	480	385	15	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,015	1,575	1,440	30	15	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	65	40	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,545	1,900	1,650	30	25	0
61 Educational services	4,645	1,180	3,465	40	15	25
62 Health care and social assistance	7,870	1,105	6,770	105	15	90
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,700	820	880	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,670	1,565	3,100	95	35	65
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,055	1,545	1,505	50	35	15
91 Public administration	2,575	1,390	1,185	55	35	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	65,765	34,195	31,570	680	335	340
Worked at home	4,010	1,910	2,095	70	40	30
Worked outside Canada	205	175	30	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,095	5,305	1,785	55	45	15
Worked at usual place	54,460	26,795	27,665	555	250	300
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	54,460	26,800	27,660	550	255	300
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	28,105	12,515	15,585	325	130	195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,500	4,005	4,490	150	70	80
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	17,770	10,220	7,550	70	50	20
Commute to a different province or territory	85	50	35	10	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	61,550	32,105	29,450	610	295	315
Car, truck, van - as a driver	51,820	27,475	24,345	460	225	235
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,460	2,145	2,315	55	20	40
Public transit	1,915	750	1,165	10	10	0
Walked	2,335	1,040	1,295	60	35	30
Bicycle	510	430	80	0	0	0
Other method	510	255	250	0	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	61,550	32,105	29,450	610	295	310
Less than 15 minutes	22,455	10,240	12,215	400	160	240
15 to 29 minutes	18,615	9,260	9,355	110	65	50
30 to 44 minutes	9,880	5,745	4,140	40	25	15
45 to 59 minutes	5,325	3,205	2,120	25	15	15
60 minutes and over	5,275	3,650	1,620	35	30	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	61,550	32,100	29,450	610	300	310
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,365	3,885	1,480	25	15	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	12,480	7,965	4,515	105	65	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,810	7,400	7,410	170	100	70
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,070	4,065	7,005	145	35	110
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,290	1,980	3,310	70	35	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	12,535	6,810	5,725	100	50	45
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	74,645	38,465	36,180	945	490	460
Single responses	74,290	38,320	35,975	945	485	460
Official languages	74,115	38,230	35,885	945	485	460
English	73,910	38,190	35,720	930	480	450
French	205	40	165	20	10	10
Non-official languages	175	85	90	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	175	85	90	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	15	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	30	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	355	145	210	0	0	0
English and French	120	35	85	0	0	0
English and non-official language	235	115	120	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	74,645	38,460	36,180	945	485	460
None	73,055	37,765	35,290	915	480	435
English	260	70	195	10	0	0
French	540	225	315	20	0	15
Non-official language	770	395	370	10	0	10
Aboriginal	20	0	15	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	750	395	355	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	130,115	63,585	66,535	1,935	860	1,075
Non-movers	113,460	55,640	57,815	1,510	680	835
Movers	16,655	7,940	8,715	425	180	235
Non-migrants	9,825	4,595	5,230	170	70	100
Migrants	6,830	3,345	3,485	250	115	135
Internal migrants	6,510	3,190	3,320	250	115	135
Intraprovincial migrants	6,115	2,995	3,115	130	60	75
Interprovincial migrants	395	195	195	115	60	55
External migrants	325	155	165	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	124,155	60,620	63,535	1,865	840	1,025
Non-movers	79,485	38,850	40,640	1,035	485	550
Movers	44,670	21,775	22,900	825	350	475
Non-migrants	25,035	12,095	12,935	370	160	215
Migrants	19,635	9,675	9,960	455	195	260
Internal migrants	18,285	8,995	9,285	440	190	260
Intraprovincial migrants	17,250	8,485	8,765	330	150	180
Interprovincial migrants	1,030	505	520	110	35	75
External migrants	1,355	680	670	10	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Digby [Population centre], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 27, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Digby [Population centre], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Digby [Population centre], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brantford [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Digby [Population centre], Nova Scotia