Census Profile, 2016 Census
Stratford [Census agglomeration], Ontario and La Nouvelle-Beauce, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Stratford Ontario [Census agglomeration]			La Nouvelle-Beauce, MRC Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Stratford [Census agglomeration], Ontario Map : Stratford [Census agglomeration], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : La Nouvelle-Beauce, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	31,465	...	...	36,785	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	30,903 ^r	...	...	35,107	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	14,302	...	...	15,501	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	13,847	...	...	14,791	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,112.5	...	...	40.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	28.28	...	...	905.58	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	31,465	15,135	16,335	36,785	18,610	18,175
0 to 14 years	4,690	2,460	2,230	7,155	3,570	3,580
0 to 4 years	1,420	700	715	2,555	1,295	1,260
5 to 9 years	1,610	880	725	2,525	1,305	1,225
10 to 14 years	1,665	875	795	2,070	975	1,100
15 to 64 years	20,240	9,885	10,360	23,615	12,165	11,445
15 to 19 years	1,805	930	875	1,930	990	940
20 to 24 years	1,810	920	900	1,935	980	960
25 to 29 years	1,755	880	880	2,235	1,135	1,100
30 to 34 years	1,805	875	935	2,460	1,260	1,205
35 to 39 years	1,790	870	920	2,695	1,365	1,330
40 to 44 years	1,915	955	965	2,280	1,190	1,085
45 to 49 years	1,970	945	1,025	2,145	1,150	995
50 to 54 years	2,420	1,155	1,260	2,685	1,380	1,300
55 to 59 years	2,530	1,230	1,300	2,710	1,400	1,310
60 to 64 years	2,440	1,135	1,305	2,525	1,305	1,220
65 years and over	6,530	2,790	3,740	6,025	2,870	3,150
65 to 69 years	2,030	920	1,110	2,115	1,115	995
70 to 74 years	1,490	685	805	1,445	715	730
75 to 79 years	1,115	495	620	960	465	495
80 to 84 years	875	360	515	730	315	410
85 years and over	1,010	325	685	775	265	515
85 to 89 years	630	215	420	480	170	310
90 to 94 years	310	100	205	230	80	150
95 to 99 years	65	10	55	60	15	50
100 years and over	5	0	10	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	16.3	13.7	19.5	19.2	19.7
15 to 64 years	64.3	65.3	63.4	64.2	65.4	63.0
65 years and over	20.8	18.4	22.9	16.4	15.4	17.3
85 years and over	3.2	2.1	4.2	2.1	1.4	2.8
Average age of the population	43.8	42.1	45.3	40.1	39.8	40.4
Median age of the population	45.4	43.4	47.3	40.0	40.0	39.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	13,850	...	...	14,790	...	...
Single-detached house	7,550	...	...	10,865	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	595	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,705	...	...	3,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,500	...	...	1,410	...	...
Row house	835	...	...	145	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	685	...	...	525	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,645	...	...	1,665	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	60	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	13,845	...	...	14,790	...	...
1 person	4,635	...	...	3,900	...	...
2 persons	4,975	...	...	5,485	...	...
3 persons	1,935	...	...	2,095	...	...
4 persons	1,560	...	...	2,220	...	...
5 or more persons	750	...	...	1,085	...	...
Number of persons in private households	30,625	...	...	35,850	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	26,775	12,675	14,100	29,635	15,035	14,595
Married or living common law	14,950	7,490	7,460	18,985	9,510	9,470
Married	12,225	6,125	6,105	10,220	5,125	5,100
Living common law	2,725	1,365	1,360	8,770	4,390	4,375
Not married and not living common law	11,825	5,180	6,635	10,650	5,525	5,125
Never married	6,880	3,670	3,215	7,360	4,275	3,080
Separated	1,035	440	595	335	185	155
Divorced	1,995	705	1,295	1,375	695	685
Widowed	1,910	365	1,540	1,585	375	1,200
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,880	...	...	10,640	...	...
2 persons	4,960	...	...	5,385	...	...
3 persons	1,825	...	...	2,060	...	...
4 persons	1,510	...	...	2,180	...	...
5 or more persons	585	...	...	1,020	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,880	...	...	10,640	...	...
Total couple families	7,310	...	...	9,370	...	...
Married couples	5,950	...	...	4,990	...	...
Common-law couples	1,365	...	...	4,385	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,570	...	...	1,270	...	...
Female parent	1,235	...	...	865	...	...
Male parent	340	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	7,310	...	...	9,370	...	...
Couples without children	4,035	...	...	4,670	...	...
Couples with children	3,275	...	...	4,700	...	...
1 child	1,345	...	...	1,645	...	...
2 children	1,370	...	...	2,060	...	...
3 or more children	560	...	...	995	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,570	...	...	1,265	...	...
1 child	920	...	...	715	...	...
2 children	480	...	...	420	...	...
3 or more children	170	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,080	2,725	3,355	4,805	2,700	2,105
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	13,850	...	...	14,790	...	...
One-census-family households	8,660	...	...	10,515	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,950	...	...	4,610	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,705	...	...	5,905	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	110	...	...	65	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,075	...	...	4,215	...	...
One-person households	4,630	...	...	3,900	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	445	...	...	315	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	30,915	14,950	15,965	36,445	18,455	17,990
English only	28,910	14,165	14,745	10	5	5
French only	5	5	0	27,415	13,555	13,865
English and French	1,870	730	1,145	8,985	4,865	4,120
Neither English nor French	130	55	75	35	30	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	30,920	14,955	15,965	36,445	18,455	17,995
English	30,565	14,800	15,765	260	130	135
French	195	90	110	36,060	18,250	17,810
English and French	35	15	15	90	45	45
Neither English nor French	120	45	70	30	30	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	210	95	120	310	155	155
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	30,915	14,950	15,965	36,450	18,455	17,995
Single responses	30,670	14,845	15,830	36,255	18,365	17,890
Official languages	28,575	13,870	14,705	35,940	18,185	17,755
English	28,370	13,775	14,595	255	125	135
French	200	95	110	35,685	18,060	17,625
Non-official languages	2,100	975	1,125	315	180	135
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,095	970	1,125	310	180	130
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35	25	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	35	35	30	20	10
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	50	25	25	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	30	50	15	10	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	20	40	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	15	15	5	5	0
Kannada	0	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	5	5	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,465	670	790	230	125	105
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	80	115	10	5	5
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	185	80	110	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	5	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	85	35	55	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Serbian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	585	265	315	10	0	5
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	230	105	125	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	310	145	165	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	30	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	235	120	120	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	215	115	105	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	35	35	0	0	0
Hindi	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	45	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	370	165	205	210	115	95
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	150	70	80	0	0	5
Portuguese	45	20	30	0	5	0
Romanian	15	5	10	10	5	5
Spanish	160	75	85	195	110	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	55	70	5	5	5
Chinese languages	125	55	70	10	5	5
Cantonese	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	30	40	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	125	60	60	0	0	0
Lao	95	50	45	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	25	25	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	110	135	190	85	105
English and French	40	15	25	145	70	80
English and non-official language	185	90	95	5	0	5
French and non-official language	10	5	5	40	15	25
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	30,920	14,950	15,965	36,450	18,455	17,990
Single responses	30,530	14,765	15,760	36,230	18,340	17,895
Official languages	29,845	14,445	15,405	36,060	18,235	17,820
English	29,805	14,425	15,385	120	55	60
French	45	20	20	35,935	18,180	17,755
Non-official languages	680	325	360	170	105	70
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	680	325	360	170	100	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	20	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	5	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	350	155	190	145	85	55
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	20	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	20	20	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	20	25	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	15	0	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	110	55	60	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	20	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	110	40	70	135	85	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	60	25	35	135	85	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	10	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	40	45	5	0	0
Chinese languages	85	35	45	5	0	0
Cantonese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	20	30	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Lao	75	35	35	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	390	185	205	215	120	100
English and French	15	5	15	125	70	55
English and non-official language	365	175	185	0	5	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	75	40	35
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	15	5	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	30,915	14,950	15,965	36,450	18,455	17,995
None	29,625	14,355	15,275	35,090	17,760	17,325
English	310	160	150	1,070	555	515
French	235	100	140	135	65	70
Non-official language	705	330	370	110	55	55
Aboriginal	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	700	330	370	110	55	55
English and French	5	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	10	5	5	40	15	25
French and non-official language	25	10	20	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	25,980	12,420	13,555	28,710	14,685	14,020
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,370	12,135	13,240	28,210	14,475	13,735
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,352	41,669	30,474	36,409	41,461	30,718
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,375	12,135	13,245	28,210	14,475	13,735
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,931	36,886	27,923	31,984	35,447	27,717
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,505	11,365	12,140	26,425	13,815	12,615
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,215	40,192	26,173	31,844	38,296	25,106
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,125	7,835	10,295	21,340	10,245	11,095
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,870	6,055	7,249	7,097	5,436	8,328
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,115	9,640	9,470	22,355	12,020	10,340
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,185	40,393	27,715	33,199	38,833	26,836
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	25,980	12,420	13,555	28,710	14,645	14,070
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,415	12,180	13,240	28,195	14,450	13,750
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,229	49,281	37,662	40,662	46,489	34,538
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,420	12,180	13,240	28,200	14,445	13,755
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,850	41,372	32,691	34,223	38,322	29,918
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,470	11,405	12,065	26,495	13,845	12,650
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,469	47,344	33,972	36,320	42,767	29,264
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,215	7,910	10,305	21,495	10,310	11,185
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,169	7,608	8,600	8,562	7,706	9,351
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,115	9,685	9,430	22,360	12,050	10,300
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,329	45,042	33,460	36,737	41,894	30,704
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	25,980	12,420	13,555	28,710	14,640	14,065
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	9,515	5,305	4,210	10,855	6,190	4,665
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,175	54,095	44,740	43,180	46,863	38,889
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,977	59,617	49,127	47,706	52,128	41,841
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.6	90.0	82.3	83.9	88.1	78.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.9	72.9	63.9	71.2	74.7	66.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.4	10.0	17.7	16.1	11.8	21.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	25,975	12,420	13,560	28,705	14,685	14,025
Without total income	610	290	320	500	210	290
With total income	25,370	12,135	13,240	28,210	14,475	13,735
Percentage with total income	97.7	97.7	97.6	98.3	98.6	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,750	1,180	1,575	2,500	1,000	1,500
$10,000 to $19,999	4,260	1,635	2,625	4,725	1,800	2,925
$20,000 to $29,999	3,840	1,525	2,320	4,225	1,930	2,295
$30,000 to $39,999	3,315	1,480	1,830	4,255	2,140	2,115
$40,000 to $49,999	3,130	1,495	1,635	4,260	2,355	1,905
$50,000 to $59,999	2,480	1,370	1,110	3,065	1,830	1,240
$60,000 to $69,999	1,570	935	640	1,925	1,230	705
$70,000 to $79,999	1,125	700	420	1,325	850	480
$80,000 to $89,999	745	450	295	695	450	255
$90,000 to $99,999	735	395	335	390	280	105
$100,000 and over	1,420	970	450	840	620	220
$100,000 to $149,999	1,000	680	320	595	435	160
$150,000 and over	420	290	135	245	185	60
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	25,980	12,420	13,560	28,705	14,690	14,025
Without after-tax income	605	285	315	500	210	285
With after-tax income	25,375	12,130	13,245	28,210	14,475	13,735
Percentage with after-tax income	97.7	97.7	97.7	98.3	98.5	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,880	1,205	1,675	2,615	1,035	1,580
$10,000 to $19,999	4,465	1,730	2,740	4,985	1,920	3,065
$20,000 to $29,999	4,565	1,840	2,725	5,335	2,505	2,835
$30,000 to $39,999	4,005	1,895	2,105	5,885	3,220	2,665
$40,000 to $49,999	3,590	1,875	1,715	4,400	2,590	1,810
$50,000 to $59,999	2,100	1,240	860	2,495	1,550	945
$60,000 to $69,999	1,335	820	520	1,260	760	500
$70,000 to $79,999	965	550	415	530	375	155
$80,000 and over	1,480	980	500	705	525	180
$80,000 to $89,999	515	315	200	235	165	70
$90,000 to $99,999	310	205	100	140	105	35
$100,000 and over	660	460	200	330	255	80
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	25,980	12,420	13,560	28,710	14,690	14,020
Without employment income	6,865	2,780	4,085	6,350	2,670	3,680
With employment income	19,115	9,645	9,475	22,355	12,015	10,340
Percentage with employment income	73.6	77.7	69.9	77.9	81.8	73.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,650	1,250	1,405	2,395	1,245	1,155
$5,000 to $9,999	1,625	650	975	1,730	700	1,035
$10,000 to $19,999	2,420	1,030	1,390	3,160	1,310	1,850
$20,000 to $29,999	2,145	910	1,235	2,890	1,270	1,615
$30,000 to $39,999	2,165	940	1,220	3,310	1,715	1,595
$40,000 to $49,999	2,230	1,140	1,085	3,105	1,835	1,265
$50,000 to $59,999	1,815	1,100	720	2,065	1,385	680
$60,000 to $69,999	1,105	710	395	1,375	925	450
$70,000 to $79,999	790	530	260	1,000	660	340
$80,000 and over	2,175	1,395	780	1,330	980	350
$80,000 to $89,999	605	350	250	495	340	155
$90,000 to $99,999	595	320	275	250	190	60
$100,000 and over	980	725	255	585	450	135
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	13,845	...	...	14,790	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,772	...	...	67,947	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,216	...	...	58,877	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,635	...	...	3,900	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,567	...	...	34,930	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,268	...	...	30,805	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	9,215	...	...	10,895	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,803	...	...	82,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,342	...	...	70,996	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	13,845	...	...	14,790	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	79,344	...	...	77,508	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,646	...	...	65,252	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,640	...	...	3,905	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,299	...	...	39,352	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,727	...	...	33,388	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	9,210	...	...	10,890	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,510	...	...	91,183	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,725	...	...	76,671	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	13,850	...	...	14,790	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	75	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	175	...	...	85	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	415	...	...	265	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	520	...	...	515	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	650	...	...	555	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	610	...	...	545	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	620	...	...	775	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	660	...	...	760	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	655	...	...	720	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	670	...	...	720	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,275	...	...	1,360	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,110	...	...	1,265	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	990	...	...	1,225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	855	...	...	1,115	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	775	...	...	1,005	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,720	...	...	3,800	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,415	...	...	1,775	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	905	...	...	980	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	835	...	...	715	...	...
$200,000 and over	565	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,845	...	...	14,790	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	80	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	90	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	425	...	...	270	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	555	...	...	545	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	760	...	...	655	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	690	...	...	640	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	710	...	...	1,035	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	795	...	...	930	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	815	...	...	865	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	800	...	...	850	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,395	...	...	1,595	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,230	...	...	1,520	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,080	...	...	1,410	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	915	...	...	1,165	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	725	...	...	905	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,620	...	...	2,220	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,255	...	...	1,320	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	630	...	...	490	...	...
$150,000 and over	730	...	...	410	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	8,875	...	...	10,675	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,702	...	...	83,180	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,223	...	...	71,257	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,895	...	...	4,570	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,677	...	...	69,199	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,100	...	...	59,701	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,300	...	...	4,725	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,848	...	...	104,494	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,858	...	...	88,764	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,505	...	...	1,240	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,456	...	...	55,268	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,488	...	...	49,451	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	8,865	...	...	10,680	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,892	...	...	91,401	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,933	...	...	76,793	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,855	...	...	4,600	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,877	...	...	76,538	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,726	...	...	64,462	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,330	...	...	4,755	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	127,855	...	...	114,512	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,942	...	...	95,442	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,505	...	...	1,215	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,806	...	...	59,670	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,796	...	...	52,155	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,620	2,525	3,095	4,475	2,520	1,955
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,350	35,866	31,772	33,920	37,879	27,883
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,224	31,680	29,120	30,136	32,930	26,075
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,585	2,505	3,080	4,470	2,455	2,015
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,676	40,826	38,739	37,996	40,875	34,490
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,427	34,789	34,132	32,355	34,270	30,024
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	30,625	14,860	15,765	35,850	18,255	17,595
In the bottom half of the distribution	15,340	7,195	8,145	19,420	9,745	9,670
In the bottom decile	2,480	1,170	1,310	1,435	700	735
In the second decile	2,715	1,190	1,525	3,265	1,535	1,735
In the third decile	3,410	1,540	1,870	4,420	2,195	2,225
In the fourth decile	3,345	1,640	1,700	4,985	2,595	2,390
In the fifth decile	3,400	1,660	1,740	5,310	2,720	2,590
In the top half of the distribution	15,280	7,670	7,615	16,435	8,505	7,925
In the sixth decile	3,580	1,795	1,785	5,410	2,755	2,650
In the seventh decile	3,305	1,650	1,650	4,515	2,350	2,160
In the eighth decile	3,215	1,600	1,610	3,240	1,685	1,560
In the ninth decile	2,935	1,470	1,460	2,135	1,145	995
In the top decile	2,245	1,150	1,100	1,130	570	555
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	30,625	14,860	15,765	35,850	18,250	17,595
0 to 17 years	5,740	3,000	2,735	8,320	4,180	4,140
0 to 5 years	1,685	850	835	3,095	1,560	1,535
18 to 64 years	19,010	9,255	9,755	22,265	11,450	10,820
65 years and over	5,870	2,605	3,265	5,265	2,630	2,635
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,655	1,630	2,025	2,910	1,355	1,555
0 to 17 years	875	460	415	510	250	255
0 to 5 years	290	150	140	160	80	70
18 to 64 years	2,135	950	1,185	1,490	745	750
65 years and over	645	220	425	905	360	545
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.9	11.0	12.8	8.1	7.4	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	15.2	15.3	15.2	6.1	6.0	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	17.2	17.6	16.8	5.2	5.1	4.6
18 to 64 years (%)	11.2	10.3	12.1	6.7	6.5	6.9
65 years and over (%)	11.0	8.4	13.0	17.2	13.7	20.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,950	935	1,015	755	390	360
0 to 17 years	425	220	205	105	50	55
0 to 5 years	145	80	70	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	1,420	680	735	590	315	275
65 years and over	110	35	70	60	25	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.4	6.3	6.4	2.1	2.1	2.0
0 to 17 years (%)	7.4	7.3	7.5	1.3	1.2	1.3
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	9.4	8.4	0.8	0.6	1.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	7.3	7.5	2.6	2.8	2.5
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.3	2.1	1.1	1.0	1.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	30,625	14,865	15,765	35,850	18,255	17,600
Official languages	30,495	14,820	15,680	35,825	18,235	17,590
English	30,495	14,815	15,680	8,975	4,940	4,035
French	1,845	745	1,100	35,820	18,230	17,590
Non-official languages	3,035	1,415	1,610	1,055	430	630
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,035	1,420	1,615	1,055	430	625
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	50	55	55	25	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	50	55	55	30	25
Amharic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	35	35	45	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	10	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	130	50	85	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	10	0
Malay	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	35	60	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	25	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,205	1,015	1,190	905	355	555
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	215	50	165	35	20	10
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	215	50	165	35	20	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	20	60	10	0	10
Russian	55	10	45	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	10	15	0	0	0
Welsh	15	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	775	360	415	75	20	50
Afrikaans	15	0	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	275	115	165	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	475	230	250	65	25	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	135	75	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	315	180	130	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	300	170	130	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	85	45	40	0	0	0
Hindi	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	125	70	50	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	810	370	445	840	315	520
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	225	110	115	40	15	20
Portuguese	110	45	60	10	0	0
Romanian	25	0	20	15	10	10
Spanish	470	215	255	810	305	510
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	100	55	45	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	10	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	15	30	15	15
American Sign Language	20	15	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	55	70	0	0	10
Chinese languages	130	55	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	30	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	165	90	75	0	0	0
Lao	130	65	60	0	0	0
Thai	60	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	35	35	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	75	35	40	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	30,625	14,865	15,765	35,850	18,255	17,600
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	29,820	14,505	15,315	35,575	18,120	17,455
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,560	2,925	2,640	8,200	4,175	4,020
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	24,260	11,580	12,680	27,380	13,945	13,435
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	800	360	445	275	135	140
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	30,625	14,865	15,760	35,850	18,255	17,595
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	27,065	13,240	13,825	35,170	17,925	17,240
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,470	1,575	1,895	590	270	325
Before 1981	2,040	950	1,090	80	45	40
1981 to 1990	405	190	215	55	30	25
1991 to 2000	350	140	210	90	30	65
2001 to 2010	385	170	220	240	115	125
2001 to 2005	220	95	125	85	30	55
2006 to 2010	170	75	90	155	85	75
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	285	120	165	130	60	70
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	90	50	40	90	60	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,475	1,570	1,895	590	270	325
Under 5 years	495	225	265	125	45	80
5 to 14 years	615	260	355	120	45	70
15 to 24 years	870	395	480	75	40	35
25 to 44 years	1,315	620	695	250	125	125
45 years and over	170	70	100	25	15	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,470	1,570	1,895	595	270	320
Americas	575	260	320	215	100	115
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	10	90	30	55
El Salvador	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	45	25	15	0	0	0
Mexico	50	20	30	30	10	15
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	305	135	170	45	20	25
Other places of birth in Americas	115	45	65	35	25	10
Europe	1,985	900	1,085	210	100	110
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	15	10	10
Croatia	10	0	15	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	125	65	60
Germany	230	100	125	15	0	15
Greece	70	35	35	0	0	0
Hungary	15	0	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	60	35	30	0	0	0
Italy	95	35	60	0	10	0
Netherlands	255	120	130	0	0	0
Poland	60	15	45	0	0	0
Portugal	35	20	20	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	20	15	10	10
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	10	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	925	455	470	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	130	50	80	15	10	0
Africa	110	55	50	105	60	45
Algeria	0	0	0	25	15	10
Egypt	25	10	10	10	10	10
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	35	20	55	40	15
Asia	765	350	420	70	10	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	15	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	100	40	60	40	10	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	0	15	0	0	0
India	225	100	125	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	10	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	10	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	110	40	70	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	150	80	70	15	10	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	285	120	165	130	60	70
Americas	75	30	40	50	25	25
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	10	25	10	20
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	10	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	20	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	25	15	10	35	10	25
France	10	0	0	30	15	15
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	30	10	15	40	20	20
Algeria	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	15	0	0	0
Asia	150	55	100	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	50	20	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	30,625	14,860	15,765	35,850	18,255	17,600
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,705	1,700	2,005	710	350	355
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,065	2,500	2,560	520	260	260
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	21,860	10,660	11,200	34,625	17,645	16,980
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,480	645	835	520	225	290
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	555	260	290	280	125	150
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	295	175	120	115	70	40
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	255	85	175	165	50	110
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	665	235	425	170	75	95
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	245	135	105	70	30	45
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	30,625	14,860	15,765	35,850	18,255	17,595
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	525	270	260	380	175	195
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	525	265	260	345	160	185
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	355	195	160	140	70	70
Métis	165	60	100	200	85	110
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	30,100	14,595	15,505	35,475	18,075	17,400
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	30,625	14,865	15,765	35,850	18,255	17,600
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	150	75	80	70	40	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	30,475	14,790	15,685	35,785	18,215	17,565
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	30,625	14,860	15,765	35,850	18,255	17,600
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	70	25	50	205	105	100
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	65	20	45	190	95	95
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	50	20	30	120	65	55
Métis single ancestry	20	10	15	65	25	35
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	10	20	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	825	395	430	465	225	240
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	825	395	425	440	225	220
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	695	340	350	415	205	210
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	55	80	20	20	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	0	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	29,725	14,440	15,290	35,180	17,920	17,260
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	30,625	14,860	15,765	35,850	18,255	17,595
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,825	895	920	470	225	240
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	425	220	200	15	10	10
Chinese	170	65	100	55	15	45
Black	340	165	175	115	65	50
Filipino	130	50	80	0	0	0
Latin American	165	75	90	185	85	100
Arab	75	40	35	55	30	30
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	275	135	135	20	0	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	30	10	0	10
Japanese	125	70	50	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	35	25	10	10	15	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	28,805	13,960	14,840	35,380	18,030	17,355
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	30,625	14,860	15,760	35,855	18,250	17,600
North American Aboriginal origins	900	425	475	670	335	340
First Nations (North American Indian)	750	365	385	575	290	295
Inuit	0	0	0	25	0	25
Métis	155	60	95	105	60	45
Other North American origins	9,365	4,500	4,860	30,510	15,425	15,085
Acadian	40	10	30	75	20	55
American	355	175	185	60	25	35
Canadian	9,080	4,370	4,710	29,720	15,000	14,715
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	15	25	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	10	10	835	450	390
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	24,875	12,035	12,835	9,345	4,895	4,450
British Isles origins	18,665	9,010	9,650	1,515	680	840
Channel Islander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	10,900	5,260	5,635	315	125	190
Irish	7,910	3,710	4,200	1,120	515	605
Manx	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	8,390	3,885	4,505	235	80	155
Welsh	745	400	350	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	975	500	475	15	10	0
French origins	3,085	1,375	1,710	7,945	4,230	3,710
Alsatian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	90	45	45
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,070	1,375	1,695	7,900	4,210	3,695
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,610	5,135	5,475	345	180	165
Austrian	160	65	100	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	220	135	90	25	15	10
Dutch	2,375	1,200	1,170	10	10	0
Flemish	35	25	15	0	0	0
Frisian	20	15	10	0	0	0
German	8,245	3,920	4,325	275	145	135
Luxembourger	15	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	395	200	195	40	20	25
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	760	390	365	40	30	10
Danish	200	120	75	0	0	0
Finnish	105	50	50	0	0	0
Icelandic	45	20	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	220	90	130	30	25	10
Swedish	225	120	100	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,975	905	1,070	125	55	75
Bulgarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	60	10	55	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	275	85	185	10	10	0
Latvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	25	0	25
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	880	435	445	35	20	15
Romanian	110	45	60	30	15	10
Russian	275	130	145	15	0	10
Slovak	50	15	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	450	225	225	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,970	950	1,015	300	165	140
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	55	15	45	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	185	105	80	55	25	25
Italian	1,035	520	520	110	50	60
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	30	15	20	0	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	220	95	130	30	15	20
Serbian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Spanish	265	125	140	95	60	30
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	10	40	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	115	60	55	40	25	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	50	30	20	10	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	30	35	35	20	15
Caribbean origins	305	155	140	55	35	20
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Carib	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	20	15	0
Dominican	10	0	10	0	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Jamaican	190	110	80	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	375	170	205	230	115	120
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	45	30	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Brazilian	35	0	30	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Colombian	25	15	10	120	55	65
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	70	30	35	10	10	0
Guyanese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	125	60	65	55	25	35
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	10	0	0	10
Salvadorean	40	25	15	10	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	205	115	95	185	115	70
Central and West African origins	25	20	10	15	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	15	10	0	0	0
North African origins	40	25	15	75	50	30
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	25	20	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	15	10	10	10	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	25	15	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	15	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	100	45	55	30	20	10
Afrikaner	15	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	10	0	10	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
South African	25	20	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	45	30	10	60	40	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	0	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	40	25	15	55	35	20
Asian origins	1,360	645	710	120	30	100
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	160	80	80	40	10	30
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	40	20	20	0	0	10
Palestinian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	10	20	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	430	230	200	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	355	185	175	10	0	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	15	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	45	25	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	0	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	760	335	420	80	15	65
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	245	110	140	55	10	40
Filipino	140	50	90	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	130	70	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	25	10	0	10
Laotian	165	80	90	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	25	0	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	15	10	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	30	20	10	10	0	0
Oceania origins	85	40	40	15	0	10
Australian	70	30	35	10	0	0
New Zealander	20	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	13,845	...	...	14,790	...	...
Owner	9,235	...	...	11,605	...	...
Renter	4,610	...	...	3,190	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	13,845	...	...	14,790	...	...
Condominium	830	...	...	770	...	...
Not condominium	13,020	...	...	14,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	13,845	...	...	14,795	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	1,790	...	...	1,100	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,585	...	...	3,890	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,990	...	...	5,865	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,460	...	...	3,920	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	13,845	...	...	14,790	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,120	...	...	3,020	...	...
5 rooms	1,970	...	...	2,340	...	...
6 rooms	2,415	...	...	2,490	...	...
7 rooms	2,285	...	...	2,460	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,055	...	...	4,475	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	13,850	...	...	14,790	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,765	...	...	14,760	...	...
More than 1 person per room	75	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	13,845	...	...	14,790	...	...
Suitable	13,495	...	...	14,620	...	...
Not suitable	355	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	13,845	...	...	14,790	...	...
1960 or before	5,550	...	...	3,035	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,970	...	...	4,275	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,245	...	...	1,890	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,295	...	...	1,710	...	...
2001 to 2005	725	...	...	1,010	...	...
2006 to 2010	595	...	...	1,410	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	465	...	...	1,460	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	13,850	...	...	14,795	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,020	...	...	14,100	...	...
Major repairs needed	830	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	13,845	...	...	14,795	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,460	...	...	8,420	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,235	...	...	6,280	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	160	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	13,845	...	...	14,790	...	...
15 to 24 years	425	...	...	405	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,725	...	...	2,430	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,055	...	...	2,770	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,550	...	...	2,830	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,060	...	...	2,935	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,255	...	...	2,205	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,235	...	...	915	...	...
85 years and over	550	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	13,820	...	...	14,395	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,685	...	...	12,785	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,135	...	...	1,615	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,825	...	...	1,505	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,225	...	...	11,290	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.8	...	...	59.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.9	...	...	7.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,047	...	...	861	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,162	...	...	922	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	278,973	...	...	200,010	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	316,340	...	...	214,072	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,610	...	...	3,115	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.4	...	...	5.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.3	...	...	23.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	873	...	...	630	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	886	...	...	660	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	25,980	12,420	13,560	28,705	14,640	14,070
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,080	2,530	2,550	5,730	3,130	2,605
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,195	3,980	4,210	6,295	2,965	3,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,700	5,910	6,790	16,680	8,545	8,135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,800	1,270	530	7,025	4,550	2,480
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	745	420	325	4,800	2,675	2,130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,055	850	205	2,220	1,875	355
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,705	2,335	3,370	5,325	2,260	3,060
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	460	200	265	785	310	470
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,735	2,105	2,635	3,550	1,430	2,125
Bachelor's degree	3,220	1,395	1,820	2,560	1,010	1,545
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	335	110	225	330	95	240
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	185	115	70	115	55	60
Master's degree	850	395	455	490	235	250
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	145	80	65	60	30	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,505	7,950	8,555	19,645	10,095	9,545
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,920	1,080	845	2,390	1,415	975
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,215	2,665	2,555	3,890	1,855	2,030
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,365	4,210	5,155	13,360	6,825	6,535
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,165	830	340	5,845	3,735	2,105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	460	255	200	4,095	2,260	1,830
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	705	570	135	1,755	1,475	280
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,450	1,835	2,615	4,045	1,735	2,315
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	290	120	165	565	245	320
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,460	1,425	2,035	2,905	1,115	1,790
Bachelor's degree	2,420	1,020	1,405	2,095	820	1,275
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	75	175	260	55	200
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	65	55	85	35	50
Master's degree	570	205	360	415	180	235
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	100	55	40	55	25	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	25,975	12,420	13,560	28,710	14,640	14,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,275	6,510	6,765	12,025	6,095	5,930
Education	935	270	665	1,220	245	980
13. Education	935	270	665	1,220	245	980
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	885	425	465	465	205	260
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	130	105	25	105	65	40
50. Visual and performing arts	760	315	445	355	140	215
Humanities	895	370	525	565	245	320
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	20	35	45	15	35
23. English language and literature/letters	270	75	195	25	10	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	125	25	100	340	150	190
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	45	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	75	50	35	30	10
54. History	150	95	55	50	35	20
55. French language and literature/letters	70	15	50	70	10	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,520	420	1,100	925	165	760
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	45	110	95	25	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	390	25	365	400	10	395
22. Legal professions and studies	145	35	110	165	50	120
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	30	35	10	30
42. Psychology	290	90	200	110	20	95
45. Social sciences	475	210	260	115	60	50
Business, management and public administration	2,010	820	1,195	3,640	1,095	2,545
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	225	65	160	235	25	205
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,785	750	1,030	3,400	1,065	2,335
Physical and life sciences and technologies	310	145	170	380	200	180
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	40	75	90	30	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	45	30	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	140	80	60
40. Physical sciences	75	55	20	65	55	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	15	25	50	10	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	345	215	130	420	280	135
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	215	140	75	390	280	115
25. Library science	30	10	20	25	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	55	25	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,470	2,270	195	4,880	4,555	325
04. Architecture and related services	95	75	20	115	60	60
14. Engineering	335	270	65	370	330	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475	405	70	745	675	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	585	580	0	1,375	1,315	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	475	450	30	1,270	1,220	50
48. Precision production	505	490	10	1,005	965	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	275	165	110	965	665	300
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205	120	85	840	565	275
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	45	30	125	100	20
Health and related fields	2,135	350	1,785	1,675	260	1,415
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	155	75	85	95	50	45
51. Health professions and related programs	1,900	230	1,675	1,570	200	1,370
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	55	30	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	905	460	440	1,550	630	920
12. Personal and culinary services	525	135	390	940	125	815
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	10	10	0	10
43. Security and protective services	275	230	40	160	95	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	90	0	445	405	40
Other	0	0	10	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,505	7,950	8,555	19,640	10,095	9,545
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,135	3,740	3,395	6,280	3,270	3,010
Education	615	150	465	745	115	625
13. Education	615	150	465	740	120	625
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	700	310	390	395	175	225
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	70	20	95	65	30
50. Visual and performing arts	605	235	370	300	110	195
Humanities	620	260	360	300	145	155
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	20	35	40	15	25
23. English language and literature/letters	175	50	120	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	25	60	160	80	80
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	35	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	50	35	20	15	0
54. History	100	60	35	45	30	15
55. French language and literature/letters	55	20	35	30	10	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,090	265	820	740	120	615
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	40	95	65	10	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	295	20	275	315	10	305
22. Legal professions and studies	110	15	95	140	30	110
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	30	20	10	15
42. Psychology	195	50	150	95	10	80
45. Social sciences	320	140	175	100	50	45
Business, management and public administration	1,500	585	915	3,065	890	2,175
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	40	130	200	25	180
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,325	540	785	2,860	865	2,000
Physical and life sciences and technologies	215	85	130	225	115	110
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	30	60	80	25	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	15	30	30	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	10	10
40. Physical sciences	50	30	20	60	50	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	40	0	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	310	185	120	385	255	130
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	200	130	70	365	255	110
25. Library science	25	10	15	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	40	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,880	1,700	185	3,980	3,685	295
04. Architecture and related services	80	60	20	110	50	60
14. Engineering	240	180	60	325	290	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	400	340	60	610	550	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	455	455	0	1,020	970	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	360	335	30	1,055	1,010	45
48. Precision production	345	330	15	860	815	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	125	80	860	585	275
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	150	90	60	760	505	255
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	40	20	105	85	20
Health and related fields	1,580	225	1,360	1,360	205	1,155
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	120	40	75	85	45	40
51. Health professions and related programs	1,405	145	1,260	1,275	155	1,115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	35	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	645	325	320	1,305	535	770
12. Personal and culinary services	380	90	290	795	105	695
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	10
43. Security and protective services	210	185	25	120	75	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	0	380	355	25
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	25,980	12,420	13,560	28,710	14,645	14,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,275	6,510	6,770	12,025	6,095	5,930
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,705	5,910	6,790	16,685	8,545	8,135
Location of study inside Canada	11,275	5,240	6,040	16,375	8,390	7,980
Same as province or territory of residence	10,675	4,935	5,740	16,240	8,320	7,920
Different than province or territory of residence	605	305	300	130	70	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,425	670	755	310	160	155
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	405	175	230	45	20	30
Philippines	70	20	45	0	0	0
India	95	40	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	355	205	140	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	15	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	105	60	50
Other	470	215	255	150	75	70
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,505	7,950	8,555	19,640	10,095	9,545
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,135	3,740	3,400	6,280	3,270	3,010
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,365	4,210	5,160	13,360	6,825	6,535
Location of study inside Canada	8,510	3,855	4,650	13,115	6,695	6,420
Same as province or territory of residence	8,035	3,615	4,420	13,020	6,645	6,375
Different than province or territory of residence	470	235	235	90	50	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	860	360	505	245	130	115
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	265	100	170	20	0	15
Philippines	60	15	45	0	0	0
India	60	25	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	165	90	75	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	15	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	85	45	35
Other	275	110	160	140	80	65
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	25,980	12,420	13,560	28,705	14,640	14,070
In the labour force	17,260	8,770	8,485	20,640	11,075	9,565
Employed	16,345	8,340	8,000	19,920	10,655	9,265
Unemployed	915	435	485	725	420	300
Not in the labour force	8,720	3,645	5,070	8,065	3,565	4,505
Participation rate	66.4	70.6	62.6	71.9	75.6	68.0
Employment rate	62.9	67.1	59.0	69.4	72.8	65.8
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.0	5.7	3.5	3.8	3.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	25,975	12,420	13,560	28,710	14,645	14,065
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,765	3,180	4,585	7,340	3,130	4,215
Worked	18,210	9,240	8,975	21,370	11,510	9,855
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	9,680	5,410	4,275	11,125	6,385	4,740
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	8,530	3,830	4,700	10,245	5,130	5,110
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	43.9	42.9	44.1	44.4	43.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	17,255	8,775	8,485	20,645	11,080	9,565
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	190	85	100	160	55	100
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	17,070	8,685	8,380	20,485	11,020	9,465
Employee	15,040	7,560	7,475	17,470	9,105	8,370
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,030	1,125	910	3,010	1,915	1,095
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	17,255	8,775	8,485	20,645	11,080	9,565
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	190	85	105	155	55	105
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	17,070	8,685	8,385	20,485	11,025	9,465
0 Management occupations	1,475	845	630	2,195	1,520	670
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,070	565	1,505	2,890	640	2,250
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	875	635	245	1,225	960	270
3 Health occupations	1,220	190	1,030	1,140	165	975
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,680	555	1,125	2,085	450	1,640
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	790	375	410	365	130	245
6 Sales and service occupations	3,975	1,580	2,390	3,965	1,460	2,495
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,540	2,335	205	3,965	3,810	160
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	250	175	75	710	530	180
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,190	1,420	775	1,940	1,360	575
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	17,255	8,775	8,485	20,645	11,080	9,565
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	185	90	105	160	55	105
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	17,070	8,685	8,380	20,485	11,020	9,465
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	135	75	60	1,615	1,120	500
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	10	0	45	45	0
22 Utilities	35	25	10	80	70	15
23 Construction	1,120	1,020	95	1,950	1,700	245
31-33 Manufacturing	3,550	2,440	1,105	4,100	2,915	1,185
41 Wholesale trade	520	380	140	740	530	210
44-45 Retail trade	1,915	865	1,055	2,105	885	1,220
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	555	435	120	730	575	160
51 Information and cultural industries	210	100	115	275	160	105
52 Finance and insurance	790	230	560	695	175	520
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	240	140	105	210	125	85
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	820	445	370	1,010	465	540
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	595	295	305	575	320	250
61 Educational services	1,060	365	695	955	180	765
62 Health care and social assistance	2,060	300	1,760	2,190	280	1,905
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	810	350	460	220	110	105
72 Accommodation and food services	1,360	550	810	1,030	355	675
81 Other services (except public administration)	760	355	405	1,095	570	530
91 Public administration	520	305	210	870	435	435
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	16,345	8,340	8,000	19,920	10,655	9,265
Worked at home	1,025	450	570	1,930	980	955
Worked outside Canada	35	30	0	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	1,430	1,035	390	2,060	1,680	375
Worked at usual place	13,855	6,820	7,040	15,920	7,985	7,930
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,855	6,815	7,040	15,920	7,985	7,930
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,720	4,980	5,740	5,425	2,735	2,690
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,050	615	430	3,765	1,850	1,920
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,060	1,215	840	6,710	3,390	3,320
Commute to a different province or territory	25	0	25	20	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	15,280	7,855	7,430	17,975	9,665	8,310
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,680	6,125	5,555	16,080	8,665	7,415
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,305	560	745	765	360	405
Public transit	350	115	240	80	50	35
Walked	1,295	655	640	780	435	350
Bicycle	445	320	130	80	65	15
Other method	205	85	115	190	95	95
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	15,280	7,855	7,430	17,980	9,670	8,310
Less than 15 minutes	9,640	4,730	4,910	7,325	3,770	3,550
15 to 29 minutes	2,900	1,440	1,460	4,835	2,650	2,180
30 to 44 minutes	1,175	725	455	3,435	1,920	1,520
45 to 59 minutes	935	530	405	1,610	855	755
60 minutes and over	630	430	205	770	465	305
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	15,285	7,855	7,430	17,975	9,665	8,310
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	965	640	325	1,290	1,070	215
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,760	1,810	945	4,605	3,105	1,500
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,175	1,750	1,425	5,715	2,695	3,020
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,385	1,165	2,220	2,840	995	1,840
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,735	705	1,025	920	290	635
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,270	1,780	1,495	2,615	1,510	1,095
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	18,585	9,410	9,180	21,870	11,745	10,120
Single responses	18,500	9,375	9,125	21,545	11,565	9,980
Official languages	18,485	9,365	9,120	21,535	11,565	9,975
English	18,445	9,340	9,105	270	160	110
French	45	25	15	21,270	11,405	9,865
Non-official languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	0	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	85	35	55	325	180	145
English and French	30	10	30	310	180	135
English and non-official language	40	30	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	15	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	18,590	9,410	9,180	21,870	11,745	10,125
None	18,300	9,300	9,005	19,615	10,360	9,255
English	30	15	15	2,050	1,285	765
French	115	20	95	160	80	80
Non-official language	115	60	55	30	20	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	115	60	55	25	20	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	30,360	14,730	15,630	35,380	17,995	17,385
Non-movers	26,330	12,755	13,575	32,605	16,695	15,905
Movers	4,030	1,975	2,050	2,780	1,305	1,480
Non-migrants	2,360	1,150	1,215	1,200	555	645
Migrants	1,670	825	840	1,580	745	835
Internal migrants	1,555	765	790	1,555	750	805
Intraprovincial migrants	1,455	725	730	1,525	745	780
Interprovincial migrants	105	40	60	30	0	25
External migrants	115	60	50	25	0	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	29,240	14,140	15,100	33,275	16,955	16,320
Non-movers	18,255	8,865	9,385	24,005	12,255	11,745
Movers	10,985	5,275	5,715	9,270	4,695	4,570
Non-migrants	6,440	3,120	3,320	3,965	1,985	1,975
Migrants	4,545	2,150	2,400	5,305	2,710	2,595
Internal migrants	4,110	1,925	2,190	5,115	2,625	2,490
Intraprovincial migrants	3,750	1,755	1,995	5,025	2,580	2,440
Interprovincial migrants	360	170	190	90	45	45
External migrants	440	230	210	190	85	105

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Stratford [Census agglomeration], Ontario and La Nouvelle-Beauce, MRC [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Stratford [Census agglomeration], Ontario and La Nouvelle-Beauce, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Stratford [Census agglomeration], Ontario and La Nouvelle-Beauce, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Stratford [Census agglomeration], Ontario and La Nouvelle-Beauce, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec