Census Profile, 2016 Census
Leamington [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Chester, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Leamington Ontario [Census agglomeration]			Chester, MD Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Leamington [Census agglomeration], Ontario Map : Leamington [Census agglomeration], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Chester, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	49,147	...	...	10,310	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	49,765	...	...	10,599	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.2	...	...	-2.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	19,085	...	...	6,492	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	17,968	...	...	4,769	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	96.6	...	...	9.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	508.84	...	...	1,122.11	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	49,145	24,680	24,465	10,310	5,085	5,225
0 to 14 years	8,655	4,575	4,075	1,265	655	605
0 to 4 years	2,765	1,440	1,325	415	215	200
5 to 9 years	2,940	1,610	1,335	415	215	205
10 to 14 years	2,945	1,525	1,425	430	230	205
15 to 64 years	30,900	15,770	15,130	6,265	3,080	3,190
15 to 19 years	2,980	1,550	1,430	440	225	215
20 to 24 years	2,955	1,520	1,440	365	180	185
25 to 29 years	2,740	1,445	1,295	395	200	195
30 to 34 years	2,750	1,455	1,295	425	215	210
35 to 39 years	2,880	1,480	1,395	490	230	260
40 to 44 years	3,015	1,545	1,470	580	285	300
45 to 49 years	3,210	1,640	1,570	650	350	305
50 to 54 years	3,590	1,795	1,795	920	425	495
55 to 59 years	3,570	1,780	1,795	1,045	500	545
60 to 64 years	3,210	1,565	1,650	955	470	485
65 years and over	9,590	4,335	5,255	2,780	1,345	1,430
65 to 69 years	3,000	1,475	1,525	960	475	485
70 to 74 years	2,170	1,050	1,115	725	385	345
75 to 79 years	1,595	700	895	465	205	260
80 to 84 years	1,315	590	725	325	165	160
85 years and over	1,505	515	990	295	110	185
85 to 89 years	910	345	560	200	90	105
90 to 94 years	460	130	330	75	15	55
95 to 99 years	125	35	90	20	5	20
100 years and over	15	5	10	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	18.5	16.7	12.3	12.9	11.6
15 to 64 years	62.9	63.9	61.8	60.8	60.6	61.1
65 years and over	19.5	17.6	21.5	27.0	26.5	27.4
85 years and over	3.1	2.1	4.0	2.9	2.2	3.5
Average age of the population	41.9	40.5	43.2	48.5	47.8	49.1
Median age of the population	42.7	41.0	44.4	53.1	52.5	53.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	17,970	...	...	4,770	...	...
Single-detached house	13,315	...	...	4,195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	535	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,075	...	...	390	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,125	...	...	80	...	...
Row house	1,215	...	...	105	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	365	...	...	75	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,350	...	...	105	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	50	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	17,970	...	...	4,770	...	...
1 person	4,330	...	...	1,390	...	...
2 persons	6,655	...	...	2,145	...	...
3 persons	2,565	...	...	645	...	...
4 persons	2,485	...	...	445	...	...
5 or more persons	1,930	...	...	145	...	...
Number of persons in private households	46,275	...	...	10,175	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	40,490	20,105	20,385	9,045	4,425	4,620
Married or living common law	24,785	12,715	12,070	5,735	2,880	2,855
Married	22,290	11,470	10,815	4,625	2,320	2,305
Living common law	2,495	1,245	1,250	1,105	555	550
Not married and not living common law	15,710	7,390	8,320	3,305	1,550	1,765
Never married	9,605	5,410	4,195	1,705	985	715
Separated	1,100	465	630	245	110	135
Divorced	2,175	945	1,230	615	285	335
Widowed	2,825	565	2,255	740	160	580
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	13,510	...	...	3,300	...	...
2 persons	6,925	...	...	2,150	...	...
3 persons	2,560	...	...	630	...	...
4 persons	2,405	...	...	405	...	...
5 or more persons	1,620	...	...	115	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	13,510	...	...	3,305	...	...
Total couple families	11,685	...	...	2,840	...	...
Married couples	10,440	...	...	2,285	...	...
Common-law couples	1,250	...	...	555	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,825	...	...	460	...	...
Female parent	1,445	...	...	365	...	...
Male parent	380	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	11,690	...	...	2,840	...	...
Couples without children	5,845	...	...	1,850	...	...
Couples with children	5,845	...	...	990	...	...
1 child	2,050	...	...	510	...	...
2 children	2,220	...	...	370	...	...
3 or more children	1,570	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,825	...	...	460	...	...
1 child	1,080	...	...	295	...	...
2 children	510	...	...	120	...	...
3 or more children	235	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,050	2,795	3,250	1,750	820	930
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	17,965	...	...	4,770	...	...
One-census-family households	12,995	...	...	3,230	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,625	...	...	1,820	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	7,370	...	...	1,410	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	250	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,720	...	...	1,505	...	...
One-person households	4,335	...	...	1,385	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	390	...	...	115	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	48,350	24,375	23,970	10,170	5,025	5,145
English only	43,440	21,925	21,520	9,565	4,765	4,800
French only	25	10	20	0	0	0
English and French	2,985	1,330	1,655	600	255	345
Neither English nor French	1,895	1,115	785	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	48,350	24,375	23,975	10,175	5,030	5,145
English	45,750	22,935	22,815	10,050	4,965	5,085
French	585	275	310	110	55	55
English and French	145	70	75	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	1,870	1,095	770	0	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	655	310	345	115	60	60
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.1	1.2	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	48,345	24,375	23,970	10,170	5,030	5,145
Single responses	47,550	23,980	23,565	10,130	5,010	5,120
Official languages	34,665	17,375	17,290	9,955	4,920	5,035
English	34,030	17,080	16,945	9,835	4,860	4,975
French	640	290	345	125	60	65
Non-official languages	12,885	6,605	6,275	170	90	80
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,880	6,605	6,270	165	85	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	860	430	430	15	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	860	430	430	20	10	5
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	830	415	420	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	130	65	70	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	35	40	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	220	90	130	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	20	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	160	70	95	15	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,980	5,665	5,315	115	60	50
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	485	215	280	15	10	5
Baltic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	475	205	275	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	115	50	70	5	0	5
Russian	30	10	15	5	5	0
Serbian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	180	80	100	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	15	30	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,235	3,065	3,170	75	40	35
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	220	115	110	15	10	5
Frisian	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	5,950	2,920	3,030	60	30	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	40	40	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	65	35	30	5	5	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	5	0
Gujarati	35	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	0	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	5	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	10	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,120	2,320	1,800	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	875	445	430	5	5	0
Portuguese	1,250	600	645	5	5	0
Romanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Spanish	1,970	1,270	700	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	255	125	130	10	5	5
Chinese languages	130	60	75	5	5	0
Cantonese	35	15	20	0	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	25	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	20	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	125	65	55	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	115	60	50	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	235	125	110	0	0	0
Lao	80	35	40	0	0	0
Thai	155	85	70	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	105	50	55	10	0	5
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	45	45	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	800	395	405	45	15	25
English and French	115	55	60	20	10	10
English and non-official language	615	305	310	20	5	15
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	40	20	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	48,345	24,375	23,970	10,170	5,025	5,145
Single responses	46,820	23,640	23,180	10,125	5,005	5,120
Official languages	40,385	20,185	20,200	10,080	4,985	5,095
English	40,255	20,125	20,125	10,060	4,980	5,085
French	130	60	70	20	10	10
Non-official languages	6,435	3,445	2,985	45	25	25
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,430	3,445	2,985	45	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	420	200	220	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	420	200	220	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	405	195	210	15	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	35	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	110	60	50	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	5	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	50	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,320	2,870	2,455	25	15	10
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	60	75	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	140	65	75	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Serbian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	60	25	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,590	1,290	1,295	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,445	1,225	1,220	20	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Greek	20	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	25	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	25	0	5	0
Bengali	10	5	5	5	0	5
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,520	1,480	1,040	0	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	265	110	155	0	0	0
Portuguese	590	260	320	5	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	1,660	1,105	560	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	110	105	5	0	0
Chinese languages	110	55	55	5	0	0
Cantonese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	25	20	0	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	100	60	45	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	190	110	85	0	0	0
Lao	60	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	135	85	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,525	740	785	45	20	25
English and French	75	35	45	10	5	0
English and non-official language	1,425	695	730	35	20	20
French and non-official language	0	0	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	10	15	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	48,345	24,375	23,970	10,175	5,025	5,145
None	41,570	21,065	20,505	9,990	4,945	5,045
English	2,315	1,170	1,145	35	15	20
French	585	235	355	75	35	40
Non-official language	3,795	1,865	1,925	70	30	35
Aboriginal	5	0	5	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,785	1,860	1,920	70	30	35
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	25	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	37,655	18,445	19,210	8,910	4,370	4,535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,430	17,920	18,505	8,590	4,240	4,350
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,419	41,574	25,387	28,795	36,019	23,642
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,445	17,925	18,515	8,595	4,240	4,360
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,656	37,094	23,712	26,255	32,141	22,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,530	16,620	15,910	7,420	3,765	3,650
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,562	38,457	21,680	25,472	31,770	20,203
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,240	12,420	14,820	6,690	3,135	3,550
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,036	5,703	7,771	9,127	10,720	8,152
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,990	14,665	12,325	5,500	2,865	2,635
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,928	34,318	22,583	25,434	30,067	21,568
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	37,655	18,440	19,210	8,910	4,370	4,540
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,400	17,995	18,405	8,545	4,230	4,320
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,892	52,787	33,213	42,171	51,183	33,344
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,430	18,000	18,435	8,555	4,230	4,325
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,935	43,241	28,800	34,480	41,097	28,011
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,380	16,605	15,770	7,310	3,670	3,640
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,033	51,270	30,254	40,472	49,932	30,938
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,220	12,450	14,770	6,705	3,140	3,565
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,551	7,929	9,076	9,653	10,603	8,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,990	14,695	12,295	5,500	2,870	2,630
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,308	44,998	30,314	39,003	47,580	29,650
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	37,655	18,440	19,210	8,910	4,370	4,535
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	12,060	7,375	4,685	2,475	1,350	1,125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,236	52,913	40,424	45,163	48,275	39,812
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,234	64,608	45,628	58,980	67,494	48,746
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.9	89.4	78.0	81.4	84.0	77.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.9	69.6	60.0	57.1	59.4	53.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.1	10.6	22.0	18.6	15.9	22.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	37,655	18,445	19,210	8,910	4,375	4,540
Without total income	1,230	520	705	320	130	185
With total income	36,425	17,925	18,505	8,590	4,235	4,355
Percentage with total income	96.7	97.2	96.3	96.4	96.8	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,955	1,895	3,060	1,210	450	760
$10,000 to $19,999	6,495	2,275	4,220	1,730	675	1,055
$20,000 to $29,999	5,515	2,140	3,375	1,495	655	840
$30,000 to $39,999	4,785	2,255	2,530	1,150	575	575
$40,000 to $49,999	4,170	2,355	1,815	910	530	385
$50,000 to $59,999	2,980	1,800	1,180	620	390	230
$60,000 to $69,999	2,130	1,415	720	370	255	120
$70,000 to $79,999	1,450	1,030	425	305	185	120
$80,000 to $89,999	1,040	720	320	240	140	100
$90,000 to $99,999	860	500	365	145	100	45
$100,000 and over	2,050	1,545	500	415	285	125
$100,000 to $149,999	1,380	1,020	365	265	185	80
$150,000 and over	660	530	135	145	100	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,655	18,440	19,210	8,905	4,370	4,535
Without after-tax income	1,210	515	690	310	130	180
With after-tax income	36,445	17,925	18,520	8,595	4,240	4,355
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	97.2	96.4	96.5	97.0	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,135	1,930	3,200	1,280	465	815
$10,000 to $19,999	6,845	2,400	4,445	1,835	710	1,125
$20,000 to $29,999	6,440	2,625	3,815	1,725	785	935
$30,000 to $39,999	5,655	2,895	2,760	1,400	760	630
$40,000 to $49,999	4,400	2,570	1,830	900	545	350
$50,000 to $59,999	2,885	1,940	945	525	350	180
$60,000 to $69,999	1,770	1,235	540	380	235	150
$70,000 to $79,999	1,255	790	465	200	130	70
$80,000 and over	2,055	1,530	525	355	255	100
$80,000 to $89,999	685	470	215	85	65	20
$90,000 to $99,999	425	325	105	75	50	25
$100,000 and over	940	730	210	195	135	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	37,655	18,440	19,210	8,910	4,370	4,535
Without employment income	10,665	3,780	6,880	3,410	1,505	1,900
With employment income	26,990	14,665	12,325	5,500	2,860	2,635
Percentage with employment income	71.7	79.5	64.2	61.7	65.4	58.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,075	2,795	2,290	935	470	465
$5,000 to $9,999	2,225	930	1,295	485	220	265
$10,000 to $19,999	3,605	1,535	2,075	915	400	510
$20,000 to $29,999	3,285	1,435	1,850	715	340	375
$30,000 to $39,999	2,995	1,520	1,480	625	280	350
$40,000 to $49,999	2,565	1,410	1,160	500	280	220
$50,000 to $59,999	1,880	1,195	685	360	230	130
$60,000 to $69,999	1,385	965	420	245	165	85
$70,000 to $79,999	1,025	780	245	190	115	75
$80,000 and over	2,950	2,110	840	520	365	160
$80,000 to $89,999	755	530	225	185	115	75
$90,000 to $99,999	735	430	305	100	70	35
$100,000 and over	1,455	1,150	305	230	175	55
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	17,970	...	...	4,770	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,754	...	...	54,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,012	...	...	48,729	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,330	...	...	1,390	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,683	...	...	26,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,552	...	...	24,512	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	13,635	...	...	3,380	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,463	...	...	67,920	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,344	...	...	59,861	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	17,970	...	...	4,770	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	86,895	...	...	75,575	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,857	...	...	61,847	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,335	...	...	1,380	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,858	...	...	38,249	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,037	...	...	32,059	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	13,630	...	...	3,385	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,578	...	...	90,821	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,245	...	...	74,014	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	17,965	...	...	4,770	...	...
Under $5,000	180	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	190	...	...	80	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	365	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	525	...	...	285	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	735	...	...	270	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	710	...	...	270	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	845	...	...	315	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	775	...	...	295	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	765	...	...	255	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	845	...	...	230	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,660	...	...	425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,585	...	...	375	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,430	...	...	340	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,215	...	...	250	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,005	...	...	225	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,145	...	...	965	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,935	...	...	390	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,170	...	...	210	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,180	...	...	215	...	...
$200,000 and over	860	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,970	...	...	4,770	...	...
Under $5,000	195	...	...	80	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200	...	...	80	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	370	...	...	125	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	560	...	...	305	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	810	...	...	310	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	830	...	...	295	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	945	...	...	390	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	880	...	...	320	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,010	...	...	270	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,015	...	...	265	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,960	...	...	525	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,725	...	...	435	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,555	...	...	325	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,225	...	...	275	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,025	...	...	180	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,665	...	...	590	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,660	...	...	300	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	895	...	...	130	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,110	...	...	155	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	13,380	...	...	3,280	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,408	...	...	68,282	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,206	...	...	60,224	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,530	...	...	1,795	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,643	...	...	64,469	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,186	...	...	56,695	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,880	...	...	1,000	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,723	...	...	92,608	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,518	...	...	79,250	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,700	...	...	440	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,202	...	...	41,984	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,136	...	...	39,595	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	13,360	...	...	3,260	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,473	...	...	91,589	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,033	...	...	74,581	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,500	...	...	1,770	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,903	...	...	96,387	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,429	...	...	76,869	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,875	...	...	1,015	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,985	...	...	103,452	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,589	...	...	85,070	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,695	...	...	425	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,200	...	...	46,940	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,882	...	...	42,267	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,300	2,470	2,825	1,645	775	875
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,037	35,648	29,672	25,771	28,960	24,352
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,351	32,212	27,514	24,101	26,032	22,746
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,300	2,440	2,860	1,650	780	870
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,317	46,393	36,983	37,267	36,157	38,265
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,167	38,319	32,476	31,231	30,324	32,047
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	46,275	23,000	23,270	10,175	5,025	5,145
In the bottom half of the distribution	25,050	12,115	12,935	6,550	3,135	3,410
In the bottom decile	3,625	1,720	1,905	1,050	480	565
In the second decile	5,160	2,375	2,785	1,625	745	880
In the third decile	5,870	2,835	3,035	1,310	630	680
In the fourth decile	5,270	2,600	2,670	1,335	655	680
In the fifth decile	5,130	2,590	2,535	1,230	625	605
In the top half of the distribution	21,225	10,885	10,340	3,625	1,890	1,735
In the sixth decile	5,060	2,540	2,520	960	500	460
In the seventh decile	4,680	2,425	2,255	895	465	435
In the eighth decile	4,450	2,290	2,160	710	375	335
In the ninth decile	3,925	2,030	1,895	575	305	270
In the top decile	3,110	1,605	1,505	485	240	240
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	46,275	23,005	23,275	10,175	5,025	5,145
0 to 17 years	10,400	5,505	4,895	1,540	790	745
0 to 5 years	3,335	1,755	1,580	500	260	240
18 to 64 years	27,385	13,555	13,835	5,965	2,920	3,040
65 years and over	8,490	3,945	4,545	2,670	1,315	1,355
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,030	2,770	3,260	1,970	895	1,080
0 to 17 years	1,850	975	870	380	190	190
0 to 5 years	750	415	335	145	70	75
18 to 64 years	3,270	1,475	1,800	1,020	465	550
65 years and over	910	315	595	565	235	335
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.0	12.0	14.0	19.4	17.8	21.0
0 to 17 years (%)	17.8	17.7	17.8	24.7	24.1	25.5
0 to 5 years (%)	22.5	23.6	21.2	29.0	26.9	31.3
18 to 64 years (%)	11.9	10.9	13.0	17.1	15.9	18.1
65 years and over (%)	10.7	8.0	13.1	21.2	17.9	24.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,480	1,195	1,280	505	235	270
0 to 17 years	650	345	300	90	40	50
0 to 5 years	240	135	105	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	1,675	785	885	375	175	200
65 years and over	155	60	95	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.4	5.2	5.5	5.0	4.7	5.2
0 to 17 years (%)	6.3	6.3	6.1	5.8	5.1	6.7
0 to 5 years (%)	7.2	7.7	6.6	7.0	5.8	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	5.8	6.4	6.3	6.0	6.6
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.5	2.1	1.5	1.5	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	46,275	23,000	23,275	10,170	5,030	5,145
Official languages	45,265	22,520	22,745	10,160	5,015	5,145
English	45,255	22,520	22,740	10,155	5,015	5,140
French	2,960	1,260	1,700	605	250	355
Non-official languages	13,660	6,775	6,885	315	135	180
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,650	6,765	6,885	310	130	180
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,190	610	585	45	25	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,190	605	580	45	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	585	580	45	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	40	25	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	160	80	80	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	90	55	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	25	45	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	195	80	115	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	190	80	110	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	15	0	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	10	0	0	10	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	11,445	5,700	5,745	210	90	120
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	515	245	270	30	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	510	245	270	25	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	130	55	75	0	0	0
Russian	25	15	15	20	0	10
Serbian	120	50	65	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	155	75	80	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	20	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,885	3,430	3,460	105	55	50
Afrikaans	15	15	10	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	200	95	105	20	10	10
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	6,440	3,220	3,225	95	50	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	565	260	300	0	0	0
Greek	25	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	90	55	35	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	55	40	20	10	10	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,420	2,265	2,155	80	25	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,075	550	525	20	10	10
Portuguese	1,595	765	825	0	0	0
Romanian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Spanish	1,835	1,005	825	70	20	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	15	25	20	0	20
American Sign Language	15	0	15	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	15	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	305	130	170	20	15	10
Chinese languages	145	55	90	20	15	0
Cantonese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	25	40	15	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	155	75	80	0	0	0
Burmese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Karenic languages	145	65	80	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	200	85	115	0	0	0
Lao	85	45	45	0	0	0
Thai	160	75	85	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	150	80	70	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	145	75	70	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	46,270	23,000	23,275	10,170	5,025	5,145
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	44,140	21,900	22,245	9,990	4,945	5,040
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,170	5,345	4,825	1,525	785	745
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	33,975	16,550	17,420	8,460	4,160	4,300
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,130	1,105	1,025	180	85	105
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	46,270	23,000	23,270	10,170	5,030	5,145
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	36,175	18,010	18,165	9,610	4,770	4,835
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	9,565	4,665	4,900	545	245	300
Before 1981	4,195	1,990	2,205	295	135	160
1981 to 1990	1,650	800	850	50	30	20
1991 to 2000	1,690	860	830	35	25	15
2001 to 2010	1,405	650	760	125	45	85
2001 to 2005	645	300	345	60	25	40
2006 to 2010	760	350	415	65	20	45
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	625	365	260	40	15	25
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	535	325	210	20	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	9,565	4,665	4,900	545	245	300
Under 5 years	1,475	705	770	90	50	40
5 to 14 years	2,365	1,170	1,200	80	30	50
15 to 24 years	2,545	1,210	1,340	95	40	60
25 to 44 years	2,710	1,350	1,360	210	90	120
45 years and over	470	230	235	75	35	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	9,565	4,670	4,900	550	245	300
Americas	4,560	2,200	2,365	130	55	75
Brazil	40	15	25	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	105	15	90	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	95	55	40	10	0	10
Mexico	3,225	1,610	1,620	0	10	0
Peru	15	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	535	200	335	115	45	70
Other places of birth in Americas	495	290	205	0	0	0
Europe	3,440	1,685	1,755	315	150	165
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	135	65	65	0	0	0
France	35	20	20	0	0	0
Germany	240	110	130	50	25	15
Greece	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungary	45	15	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Italy	620	310	310	20	10	10
Netherlands	185	95	90	25	15	15
Poland	75	40	35	10	10	0
Portugal	1,010	485	525	0	0	0
Romania	100	25	75	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	20	15	15	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	180	100	85	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	520	245	280	185	80	100
Other places of birth in Europe	195	120	75	15	10	10
Africa	50	20	25	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	1,495	750	750	80	35	40
Afghanistan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	85	25	65	20	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	10	0	10	0
India	35	25	0	15	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	15	0	0	0
Iraq	145	80	60	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	565	315	255	25	10	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	120	50	65	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	25	35	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	395	180	215	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	10	15	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	625	365	260	40	20	20
Americas	400	245	155	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	55	35	20	0	0	0
Mexico	220	130	90	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	45	0	0	0	0
Europe	70	45	30	20	0	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	70	40	30	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	150	80	75	15	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	50	30	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	20	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	30	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	46,270	23,005	23,275	10,175	5,030	5,145
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10,355	5,110	5,245	565	255	310
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	12,285	6,205	6,080	570	275	295
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	23,635	11,685	11,945	9,035	4,495	4,540
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,520	2,745	2,775	270	115	150
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,395	740	655	160	70	85
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	425	315	110	75	45	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	970	425	550	85	20	65
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,795	1,325	1,470	100	35	65
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,060	540	515	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	270	140	130	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	46,270	23,000	23,275	10,175	5,030	5,145
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	860	475	385	375	185	195
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	795	450	350	365	185	180
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	465	240	225	220	115	105
Métis	335	210	125	140	65	75
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	10	15	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	45,415	22,530	22,885	9,795	4,840	4,950
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	46,275	23,000	23,275	10,170	5,025	5,145
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	300	170	125	100	55	45
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	45,975	22,830	23,145	10,070	4,975	5,095
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	46,275	23,005	23,270	10,175	5,025	5,145
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	145	60	85	80	35	40
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	140	60	80	80	35	40
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	100	35	65	65	25	40
Métis single ancestry	40	20	15	15	15	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,235	590	645	475	220	260
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,215	585	625	445	205	240
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	840	390	450	310	140	175
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	375	195	175	130	65	60
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	0	20	30	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	20	15	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	44,900	22,350	22,545	9,620	4,770	4,845
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	46,275	23,000	23,270	10,175	5,030	5,145
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,680	1,845	1,840	115	60	60
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	90	50	35	15	10	0
Chinese	150	60	90	30	15	15
Black	565	345	225	15	10	10
Filipino	245	110	135	0	0	10
Latin American	995	475	520	0	0	0
Arab	745	380	370	40	15	25
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	650	310	340	10	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	70	30	35	0	0	0
Korean	55	30	25	0	0	0
Japanese	70	35	35	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	42,590	21,155	21,435	10,050	4,965	5,085
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	46,270	23,000	23,275	10,175	5,030	5,145
North American Aboriginal origins	1,375	650	730	555	255	300
First Nations (North American Indian)	965	430	535	390	165	225
Inuit	0	0	0	20	10	10
Métis	430	220	215	175	90	85
Other North American origins	12,810	6,325	6,485	4,830	2,365	2,465
Acadian	10	10	0	75	45	35
American	520	235	290	90	35	60
Canadian	12,475	6,170	6,305	4,695	2,290	2,400
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	10	40	15	25
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	30	10	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	35,900	17,735	18,165	6,975	3,435	3,535
British Isles origins	16,150	7,820	8,325	4,845	2,370	2,475
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	10,295	4,865	5,435	2,840	1,335	1,505
Irish	5,875	2,670	3,205	1,560	800	765
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	6,335	3,025	3,315	1,975	1,040	930
Welsh	410	250	160	165	90	75
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	725	285	450	155	75	75
French origins	7,205	3,520	3,690	1,440	665	775
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	7,205	3,515	3,685	1,435	660	775
Western European origins (except French origins)	15,125	7,635	7,495	3,090	1,535	1,555
Austrian	305	140	160	25	10	20
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	830	410	425	30	0	30
Dutch	2,690	1,325	1,360	560	255	305
Flemish	25	15	15	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	12,345	6,295	6,050	2,790	1,405	1,385
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	145	45	100	40	20	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	520	230	285	190	105	85
Danish	110	50	60	60	40	20
Finnish	120	60	65	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	155	75	75	75	45	35
Swedish	105	35	75	25	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	45	15	30	40	20	20
Eastern European origins	5,625	2,800	2,820	235	85	150
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	105	50	60	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	135	75	55	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	945	450	495	35	15	20
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	85	50	40	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,030	485	545	100	45	60
Romanian	415	210	205	0	0	0
Russian	1,715	870	840	40	10	30
Slovak	370	160	215	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,570	840	735	70	30	45
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern European origins	6,845	3,370	3,475	260	140	120
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	200	100	100	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	110	45	65	45	35	10
Italian	3,295	1,635	1,665	105	40	55
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	60	45	20	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,530	1,255	1,275	25	20	10
Serbian	120	65	55	0	0	0
Sicilian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Slovenian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	445	170	275	90	35	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	315	165	150	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	60	30	35	85	55	30
Basque	0	0	0	20	10	15
Jewish	50	25	25	40	30	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	0	20	15	10
Caribbean origins	385	230	155	20	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	275	160	110	10	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	10	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	20	10	10	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,665	1,385	1,280	20	15	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	55	25	30	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	60	40	20	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Honduran	125	90	40	0	0	0
Maya	75	50	25	0	0	0
Mexican	1,960	1,035	925	20	20	0
Nicaraguan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	135	35	100	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	50	30	25	0	0	10
African origins	190	105	85	15	0	10
Central and West African origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	10	15	10	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	25	15	0	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	15	10	10	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	115	60	55	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	120	60	55	10	0	0
Asian origins	3,405	1,685	1,720	225	110	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,165	1,095	1,070	120	60	60
Afghan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Armenian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	190	90	100	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,810	930	890	100	55	50
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	45	20	15	15	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	15	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	85	55	25	50	30	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	70	45	25	50	30	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,160	535	625	60	25	30
Burmese	120	55	60	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	130	75	55	0	0	0
Chinese	230	85	140	30	15	15
Filipino	240	105	135	15	0	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	45	20	25	0	0	0
Karen	70	40	30	0	0	0
Korean	60	35	25	0	0	0
Laotian	115	65	50	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	235	105	125	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	105	55	55	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	10	10	10	10
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	17,965	...	...	4,770	...	...
Owner	13,635	...	...	3,995	...	...
Renter	4,335	...	...	775	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	17,965	...	...	4,770	...	...
Condominium	540	...	...	100	...	...
Not condominium	17,425	...	...	4,675	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	17,970	...	...	4,770	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,445	...	...	350	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,745	...	...	1,395	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,420	...	...	2,185	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,335	...	...	840	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	17,965	...	...	4,770	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,520	...	...	780	...	...
5 rooms	2,310	...	...	820	...	...
6 rooms	2,740	...	...	1,015	...	...
7 rooms	2,915	...	...	820	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,485	...	...	1,335	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	17,965	...	...	4,770	...	...
One person or fewer per room	17,715	...	...	4,765	...	...
More than 1 person per room	250	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	17,970	...	...	4,770	...	...
Suitable	17,160	...	...	4,705	...	...
Not suitable	810	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	17,970	...	...	4,770	...	...
1960 or before	5,810	...	...	1,385	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,105	...	...	1,285	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,745	...	...	780	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,530	...	...	600	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,470	...	...	295	...	...
2006 to 2010	810	...	...	215	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	505	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	17,965	...	...	4,765	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	17,000	...	...	4,305	...	...
Major repairs needed	970	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	17,970	...	...	4,765	...	...
1 household maintainer	10,435	...	...	2,960	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,160	...	...	1,770	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	370	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	17,970	...	...	4,770	...	...
15 to 24 years	420	...	...	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,980	...	...	370	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,800	...	...	570	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,455	...	...	885	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,780	...	...	1,170	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,075	...	...	995	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,720	...	...	510	...	...
85 years and over	740	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	17,560	...	...	4,710	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	14,330	...	...	3,830	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,225	...	...	875	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,960	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,255	...	...	3,935	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.3	...	...	45.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.7	...	...	14.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	953	...	...	639	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,052	...	...	817	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	210,119	...	...	200,340	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	253,415	...	...	278,446	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,320	...	...	775	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.4	...	...	8.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.8	...	...	37.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	817	...	...	775	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	834	...	...	840	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,655	18,445	19,215	8,905	4,375	4,535
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,385	5,840	5,545	2,105	1,115	995
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,900	5,360	5,540	2,035	1,030	1,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,375	7,240	8,130	4,765	2,230	2,540
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,675	2,025	650	1,120	790	325
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,180	775	410	595	330	260
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,495	1,245	245	525	465	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,920	3,200	4,725	1,895	710	1,185
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	475	185	295	215	85	130
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,300	1,845	2,465	1,540	645	900
Bachelor's degree	3,070	1,240	1,830	1,000	370	625
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	350	135	215	130	75	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	85	40	30	15	15
Master's degree	675	330	340	285	130	160
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	85	50	35	95	50	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	23,465	11,540	11,925	5,410	2,650	2,760
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,575	3,010	2,565	845	510	335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,600	3,340	3,255	1,245	645	595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,290	5,185	6,105	3,325	1,495	1,830
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,815	1,385	435	745	545	200
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	850	585	265	400	225	175
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	965	800	170	345	320	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,055	2,415	3,635	1,435	520	915
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	105	160	125	50	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,150	1,280	1,870	1,020	375	640
Bachelor's degree	2,295	910	1,385	705	250	450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	260	85	170	95	50	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	50	20	10	0	0
Master's degree	470	205	265	155	50	105
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	35	30	60	25	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,655	18,445	19,210	8,910	4,370	4,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	22,280	11,205	11,080	4,140	2,140	1,995
Education	1,005	250	755	305	65	235
13. Education	1,005	255	755	300	65	235
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	405	180	230	150	60	90
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	55	20	20	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	330	125	210	135	45	90
Humanities	565	195	370	225	85	145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	15	30	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	110	40	75	80	20	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	25	60	65	20	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	160	70	85	35	20	10
54. History	105	30	75	30	15	15
55. French language and literature/letters	40	10	35	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,560	430	1,130	385	130	260
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	70	85	25	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	435	10	420	65	0	65
22. Legal professions and studies	230	65	165	70	35	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	25	10	0	0
42. Psychology	250	65	180	105	40	65
45. Social sciences	445	205	240	105	45	60
Business, management and public administration	2,745	880	1,870	1,080	235	850
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	270	55	215	50	0	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,470	825	1,645	1,030	225	800
Physical and life sciences and technologies	450	225	220	175	110	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	60	75	55	40	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	50	75	25	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	95	70	30	75	65	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	50	40	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	405	215	185	160	65	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	305	170	140	130	50	75
25. Library science	30	0	20	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	35	30	15	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,735	3,515	220	1,240	1,160	80
04. Architecture and related services	85	45	35	10	0	0
14. Engineering	325	285	40	120	110	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	820	720	105	210	180	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	755	745	10	330	330	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	980	960	20	395	370	25
48. Precision production	775	760	10	175	165	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	585	410	175	70	40	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	470	340	130	40	20	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	70	40	30	20	10
Health and related fields	2,645	360	2,285	580	65	520
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	135	60	75	60	20	50
51. Health professions and related programs	2,490	295	2,195	520	40	475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	10	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,270	580	695	400	220	180
12. Personal and culinary services	730	110	620	225	55	165
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	305	230	70	30	25	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	235	235	0	125	110	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	23,465	11,540	11,925	5,415	2,650	2,760
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,170	6,355	5,820	2,090	1,155	935
Education	625	125	505	175	45	130
13. Education	630	120	505	175	45	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	295	130	170	95	40	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	45	15	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	235	85	155	80	30	50
Humanities	380	140	240	125	50	80
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	15	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	70	25	40	50	15	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	10	50	30	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	55	50	10	10	0
54. History	60	20	45	15	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	20	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,215	315	900	300	80	225
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	65	70	20	0	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	380	15	375	60	0	60
22. Legal professions and studies	185	45	140	45	10	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	25	10	0	10
42. Psychology	170	40	135	80	25	60
45. Social sciences	305	145	160	85	40	45
Business, management and public administration	2,035	620	1,410	745	130	620
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	45	180	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,805	575	1,225	725	125	600
Physical and life sciences and technologies	315	145	165	130	80	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	35	65	50	30	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	90	35	55	20	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	40	20	55	45	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	35	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	160	145	120	40	80
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	245	140	110	110	40	70
25. Library science	15	0	10	10	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	20	20	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,755	2,565	190	895	825	70
04. Architecture and related services	75	35	40	0	0	0
14. Engineering	265	225	40	65	55	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	580	500	85	155	130	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	520	520	0	285	285	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	705	690	20	255	235	20
48. Precision production	615	610	0	130	120	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	430	270	165	55	30	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	340	210	125	30	15	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	55	40	20	15	0
Health and related fields	1,915	255	1,655	405	45	365
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	80	30	55	50	15	35
51. Health professions and related programs	1,805	215	1,590	355	30	330
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	15	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,025	470	560	280	140	140
12. Personal and culinary services	585	90	500	175	40	135
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	225	170	55	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	210	205	0	80	70	10
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,655	18,445	19,210	8,910	4,370	4,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,280	11,200	11,080	4,140	2,145	2,000
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15,375	7,245	8,130	4,765	2,230	2,540
Location of study inside Canada	13,950	6,485	7,465	4,445	2,055	2,390
Same as province or territory of residence	13,440	6,280	7,155	3,645	1,665	1,980
Different than province or territory of residence	510	205	310	805	395	410
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,425	755	665	320	170	145
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	485	265	225	155	90	65
Philippines	115	45	70	10	0	10
India	25	25	10	0	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	140	90	55	60	35	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	10	25	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	610	320	295	90	45	45
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	23,465	11,540	11,925	5,415	2,650	2,765
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,175	6,355	5,820	2,090	1,155	935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,285	5,185	6,105	3,325	1,495	1,830
Location of study inside Canada	10,305	4,705	5,605	3,155	1,405	1,750
Same as province or territory of residence	9,975	4,565	5,410	2,635	1,160	1,475
Different than province or territory of residence	330	135	190	520	245	275
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	985	480	500	170	95	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	295	160	140	50	35	15
Philippines	80	30	45	0	0	0
India	25	20	10	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	30	35	45	20	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	25	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other	485	230	255	65	35	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	37,655	18,440	19,215	8,910	4,370	4,535
In the labour force	22,990	12,465	10,525	4,955	2,555	2,405
Employed	21,685	11,800	9,885	4,445	2,250	2,195
Unemployed	1,300	660	640	505	300	205
Not in the labour force	14,665	5,980	8,685	3,950	1,815	2,140
Participation rate	61.1	67.6	54.8	55.6	58.5	53.0
Employment rate	57.6	64.0	51.4	49.9	51.5	48.4
Unemployment rate	5.7	5.3	6.1	10.2	11.7	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	37,655	18,445	19,210	8,910	4,370	4,540
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	13,685	5,635	8,045	3,535	1,575	1,960
Worked	23,970	12,805	11,165	5,375	2,795	2,580
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	12,300	7,550	4,750	2,605	1,425	1,180
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	11,670	5,260	6,410	2,765	1,365	1,395
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.9	41.9	40.9	40.6	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	22,990	12,460	10,525	4,955	2,555	2,400
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	390	175	215	60	40	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	22,600	12,290	10,310	4,895	2,515	2,380
Employee	19,990	10,625	9,365	4,090	2,005	2,080
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,610	1,660	945	810	510	300
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	22,990	12,465	10,525	4,955	2,555	2,400
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	390	170	215	60	40	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	22,600	12,290	10,310	4,895	2,515	2,385
0 Management occupations	2,440	1,670	770	500	260	240
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,815	780	2,035	665	180	490
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	840	665	175	210	175	35
3 Health occupations	1,250	190	1,060	300	15	285
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,660	375	1,280	470	125	345
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	345	115	230	170	90	85
6 Sales and service occupations	4,755	1,715	3,040	980	330	650
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,495	4,265	225	980	915	70
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,550	990	560	305	250	55
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,455	1,525	930	310	185	125
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	22,990	12,465	10,525	4,955	2,555	2,400
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	390	170	215	60	35	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	22,595	12,290	10,310	4,895	2,515	2,380
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,080	1,890	1,195	310	235	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	55	0	35	40	0
22 Utilities	135	105	25	40	20	20
23 Construction	1,825	1,655	175	530	475	55
31-33 Manufacturing	4,000	2,910	1,090	515	320	195
41 Wholesale trade	970	590	380	155	110	40
44-45 Retail trade	2,360	940	1,420	475	220	255
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,210	935	280	145	115	30
51 Information and cultural industries	165	95	70	110	75	35
52 Finance and insurance	455	160	295	125	30	90
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	275	150	125	55	30	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	770	370	395	280	130	150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	615	375	240	220	140	80
61 Educational services	1,150	255	895	295	110	185
62 Health care and social assistance	2,130	310	1,820	550	35	515
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	350	150	200	155	75	80
72 Accommodation and food services	1,450	520	925	350	110	235
81 Other services (except public administration)	960	475	490	285	110	170
91 Public administration	630	350	280	270	130	140
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	21,685	11,800	9,885	4,445	2,250	2,195
Worked at home	1,405	715	695	415	195	220
Worked outside Canada	195	120	70	45	20	20
No fixed workplace address	2,390	1,880	510	630	500	135
Worked at usual place	17,700	9,085	8,615	3,360	1,540	1,820
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	17,700	9,085	8,610	3,360	1,540	1,825
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,380	4,005	4,380	1,585	680	900
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,435	4,595	3,840	545	210	335
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	825	460	365	1,205	625	580
Commute to a different province or territory	55	30	20	30	25	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	20,085	10,960	9,120	3,985	2,035	1,955
Car, truck, van - as a driver	16,985	9,345	7,635	3,460	1,775	1,680
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,800	890	910	325	155	175
Public transit	95	25	70	20	10	15
Walked	850	440	410	140	70	65
Bicycle	185	145	40	0	0	0
Other method	175	115	60	35	20	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	20,090	10,965	9,120	3,990	2,035	1,955
Less than 15 minutes	9,010	4,495	4,515	1,280	595	685
15 to 29 minutes	5,735	3,040	2,695	865	385	480
30 to 44 minutes	3,035	1,975	1,060	675	355	315
45 to 59 minutes	1,790	1,115	675	550	305	250
60 minutes and over	520	340	175	620	395	230
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	20,085	10,965	9,120	3,990	2,035	1,955
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,110	1,470	640	350	245	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,425	3,070	1,360	955	570	385
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,275	2,735	2,540	1,170	630	545
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,325	1,210	2,120	735	240	495
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,635	510	1,125	325	115	205
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,315	1,975	1,340	450	230	220
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	24,755	13,210	11,540	5,515	2,845	2,670
Single responses	24,475	13,065	11,410	5,505	2,840	2,660
Official languages	24,060	12,805	11,260	5,505	2,835	2,665
English	24,005	12,795	11,210	5,490	2,835	2,650
French	60	10	55	15	0	0
Non-official languages	410	265	145	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	410	260	150	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	340	230	105	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	140	80	60	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	90	60	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	200	150	50	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	175	140	35	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	275	145	130	10	10	0
English and French	40	15	25	10	0	0
English and non-official language	230	135	95	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	24,750	13,215	11,540	5,515	2,845	2,665
None	22,920	12,160	10,755	5,375	2,785	2,590
English	270	140	135	15	10	10
French	255	115	135	70	35	40
Non-official language	1,280	780	505	55	25	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,285	780	505	55	20	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	45,735	22,730	23,005	10,120	4,990	5,125
Non-movers	40,565	20,055	20,510	9,390	4,655	4,735
Movers	5,170	2,675	2,495	730	340	390
Non-migrants	2,675	1,325	1,350	335	160	175
Migrants	2,495	1,350	1,145	395	180	215
Internal migrants	2,155	1,120	1,030	370	165	200
Intraprovincial migrants	1,900	1,000	905	285	125	160
Interprovincial migrants	250	125	125	85	40	40
External migrants	345	225	115	25	15	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	43,520	21,540	21,980	9,765	4,815	4,960
Non-movers	29,835	14,805	15,035	7,330	3,665	3,665
Movers	13,680	6,740	6,945	2,440	1,145	1,295
Non-migrants	7,165	3,445	3,725	1,130	535	605
Migrants	6,520	3,300	3,220	1,305	620	690
Internal migrants	5,630	2,785	2,845	1,230	575	655
Intraprovincial migrants	5,195	2,550	2,645	840	375	465
Interprovincial migrants	435	235	200	395	205	190
External migrants	890	510	375	75	40	35

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Leamington [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Chester, MD [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Leamington [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Chester, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Leamington [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Chester, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Leamington [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Chester, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia