Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Bay [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	North Bay Ontario [Census agglomeration]			Montcalm, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , North Bay [Census agglomeration], Ontario Map : North Bay [Census agglomeration], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	70,378	...	...	1,260	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	72,241 ^r	...	...	1,309	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.6	...	...	-3.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	33,696	...	...	527	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	30,124	...	...	491	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,369.04	...	...	468.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	70,375	34,250	36,125	1,260	645	610
0 to 14 years	10,495	5,300	5,195	220	120	100
0 to 4 years	3,330	1,725	1,600	75	50	25
5 to 9 years	3,560	1,785	1,775	80	35	50
10 to 14 years	3,605	1,795	1,815	60	35	25
15 to 64 years	45,825	22,640	23,180	855	430	425
15 to 19 years	3,915	1,995	1,915	80	40	45
20 to 24 years	4,325	2,145	2,180	75	35	40
25 to 29 years	4,260	2,180	2,080	85	40	40
30 to 34 years	4,160	2,030	2,130	75	35	35
35 to 39 years	3,825	1,900	1,930	75	40	35
40 to 44 years	4,075	2,010	2,065	60	30	30
45 to 49 years	4,485	2,215	2,265	90	40	50
50 to 54 years	5,920	2,835	3,085	120	60	55
55 to 59 years	5,815	2,885	2,935	115	60	50
60 to 64 years	5,050	2,445	2,605	85	40	40
65 years and over	14,060	6,310	7,745	185	100	90
65 to 69 years	4,520	2,210	2,315	75	45	30
70 to 74 years	3,270	1,505	1,765	45	25	25
75 to 79 years	2,620	1,180	1,440	25	10	10
80 to 84 years	1,885	830	1,055	20	10	10
85 years and over	1,765	590	1,165	20	5	15
85 to 89 years	1,115	410	700	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	515	155	360	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	125	25	95	5	0	5
100 years and over	15	5	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	15.5	14.4	17.5	18.6	16.4
15 to 64 years	65.1	66.1	64.2	67.9	66.7	69.7
65 years and over	20.0	18.4	21.4	14.7	15.5	14.8
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.2	1.6	0.8	2.5
Average age of the population	43.3	42.3	44.2	40.3	40.1	40.5
Median age of the population	45.1	44.0	46.2	42.1	42.7	41.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	30,125	...	...	490	...	...
Single-detached house	18,205	...	...	445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,890	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,865	...	...	40	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,140	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	1,875	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,610	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,165	...	...	40	...	...
Other single-attached house	75	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	165	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	30,125	...	...	490	...	...
1 person	8,700	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	11,850	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	4,395	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	3,495	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	1,685	...	...	40	...	...
Number of persons in private households	68,710	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	59,885	28,955	30,935	1,040	525	515
Married or living common law	34,815	17,405	17,405	700	350	350
Married	27,685	13,855	13,825	615	305	305
Living common law	7,125	3,545	3,575	85	45	45
Not married and not living common law	25,070	11,545	13,525	340	175	165
Never married	14,925	8,095	6,830	240	135	105
Separated	2,240	995	1,250	20	10	10
Divorced	3,790	1,625	2,165	40	25	15
Widowed	4,110	830	3,280	45	15	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	20,570	...	...	365	...	...
2 persons	12,050	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	4,125	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	3,215	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	1,190	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	20,575	...	...	365	...	...
Total couple families	17,100	...	...	330	...	...
Married couples	13,540	...	...	285	...	...
Common-law couples	3,560	...	...	45	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,470	...	...	35	...	...
Female parent	2,715	...	...	30	...	...
Male parent	760	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	17,105	...	...	330	...	...
Couples without children	9,835	...	...	195	...	...
Couples with children	7,270	...	...	135	...	...
1 child	3,155	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	2,990	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more children	1,130	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,475	...	...	35	...	...
1 child	2,215	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	975	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	285	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,055	6,185	6,865	155	100	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	30,125	...	...	490	...	...
One-census-family households	19,720	...	...	355	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,455	...	...	195	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,265	...	...	165	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	425	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	9,980	...	...	130	...	...
One-person households	8,695	...	...	125	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,285	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	69,390	33,840	35,555	1,260	645	610
English only	51,440	25,760	25,680	635	320	320
French only	220	95	120	5	0	5
English and French	17,615	7,925	9,690	610	320	290
Neither English nor French	120	55	60	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	69,390	33,835	35,550	1,260	645	615
English	60,035	29,545	30,495	795	385	410
French	9,035	4,165	4,875	455	255	200
English and French	210	85	125	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	105	45	55	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	9,140	4,205	4,935	460	255	200
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	13.2	12.4	13.9	36.5	39.5	32.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	69,390	33,835	35,550	1,260	650	615
Single responses	68,260	33,315	34,940	1,235	635	600
Official languages	65,615	32,095	33,515	1,035	535	505
English	56,305	27,790	28,515	580	275	310
French	9,310	4,310	5,000	455	255	200
Non-official languages	2,650	1,220	1,425	195	100	95
Aboriginal languages	160	75	90	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	160	75	90	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	135	60	75	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	40	15	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	80	30	50	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	5	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	10	5	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,485	1,145	1,340	190	95	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	10	55	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	10	45	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,905	895	1,010	185	95	90
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	340	150	190	10	5	5
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	330	145	185	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	120	50	65	0	0	0
Russian	50	15	30	10	5	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	645	290	355	170	90	85
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	125	50	75	5	0	0
Frisian	5	5	5	0	0	0
German	480	220	260	170	85	80
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	25	20	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	205	105	100	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	170	90	85	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hindi	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	660	320	340	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	455	220	235	0	0	0
Portuguese	75	35	35	5	0	0
Romanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	110	50	55	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	5	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	195	95	100	0	0	0
Chinese languages	195	90	105	0	0	0
Cantonese	85	45	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	40	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	115	45	70	0	0	5
Estonian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Finnish	65	25	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	20	15	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,130	520	610	25	15	10
English and French	915	425	495	20	10	10
English and non-official language	185	85	95	5	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	10	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	69,385	33,835	35,550	1,260	650	610
Single responses	68,335	33,395	34,940	1,240	640	600
Official languages	67,455	32,975	34,480	1,110	570	540
English	64,015	31,420	32,590	825	425	400
French	3,440	1,550	1,885	280	140	145
Non-official languages	885	420	460	130	70	60
Aboriginal languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	65	35	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	65	35	35	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	10	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	5	0
Algonquin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	810	380	430	130	70	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	550	250	300	125	65	60
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	175	80	95	120	65	55
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	150	70	80	125	65	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	85	105	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	125	50	75	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	35	20	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	65	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	120	60	55	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	25	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,055	440	610	25	10	15
English and French	665	275	390	20	10	10
English and non-official language	370	155	210	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	69,390	33,840	35,550	1,260	650	615
None	61,135	30,190	30,945	780	400	375
English	2,305	1,045	1,260	260	130	130
French	4,950	2,155	2,795	180	95	85
Non-official language	955	430	525	40	15	20
Aboriginal	100	45	60	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	850	390	465	40	20	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	5	10	5	0	5
French and non-official language	30	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	58,240	28,220	30,015	975	500	475
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,100	27,215	28,890	930	485	445
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,172	39,457	28,240	36,907	43,563	30,848
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,125	27,215	28,910	935	485	450
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,243	35,433	26,130	32,416	37,723	27,776
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	49,210	24,210	25,000	890	475	420
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,107	38,222	25,329	34,176	41,387	27,824
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	42,020	19,125	22,895	610	280	330
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,969	8,074	7,891	5,204	4,624	5,496
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	39,660	20,355	19,305	770	420	345
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,457	36,509	27,770	31,936	39,936	26,304
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	58,220	28,180	30,035	965	470	490
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,010	27,105	28,905	920	460	455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,367	50,809	36,391	41,204	49,542	32,784
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,035	27,100	28,935	920	460	460
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,571	41,972	31,514	34,877	40,901	28,794
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,125	24,055	25,070	850	450	405
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,803	50,141	33,802	38,454	45,102	31,031
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,175	19,270	22,905	580	265	315
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,902	8,866	8,932	8,649	9,706	7,771
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	39,660	20,175	19,485	745	400	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,597	48,141	34,821	35,957	41,942	29,039
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	58,220	28,185	30,040	965	475	495
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	18,290	9,805	8,490	355	225	125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,541	56,676	47,337	43,078	45,814	39,524
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	60,340	66,832	52,847	47,504	50,485	42,220
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.7	87.8	80.6	89.0	91.4	84.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.5	70.1	64.1	71.0	75.0	65.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.3	12.2	19.4	11.2	8.3	15.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	58,240	28,220	30,015	975	500	475
Without total income	2,135	1,010	1,130	45	15	25
With total income	56,100	27,215	28,885	935	485	450
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.4	96.2	95.9	97.0	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,080	3,000	4,080	105	35	70
$10,000 to $19,999	10,460	4,235	6,230	125	50	70
$20,000 to $29,999	8,260	3,415	4,845	140	60	75
$30,000 to $39,999	6,690	3,115	3,575	130	55	75
$40,000 to $49,999	5,910	2,940	2,965	135	85	55
$50,000 to $59,999	4,700	2,555	2,140	95	55	40
$60,000 to $69,999	3,530	2,085	1,445	65	40	20
$70,000 to $79,999	2,430	1,390	1,045	55	45	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,860	1,090	775	30	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,655	865	790	25	20	5
$100,000 and over	3,530	2,515	1,015	35	25	10
$100,000 to $149,999	2,555	1,755	805	20	10	10
$150,000 and over	975	765	215	15	15	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	58,240	28,225	30,020	975	500	475
Without after-tax income	2,115	1,010	1,105	45	20	25
With after-tax income	56,125	27,215	28,910	930	480	450
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.4	96.3	95.4	96.0	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,380	3,050	4,325	110	40	70
$10,000 to $19,999	10,895	4,415	6,480	135	60	80
$20,000 to $29,999	9,590	4,105	5,480	180	75	100
$30,000 to $39,999	7,835	3,760	4,070	170	90	80
$40,000 to $49,999	6,755	3,515	3,245	130	75	50
$50,000 to $59,999	4,655	2,720	1,935	85	60	25
$60,000 to $69,999	3,095	1,815	1,275	65	40	20
$70,000 to $79,999	2,355	1,305	1,050	25	20	5
$80,000 and over	3,565	2,520	1,045	35	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,320	820	500	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	730	510	220	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	1,510	1,195	320	20	15	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	58,240	28,225	30,015	975	500	475
Without employment income	18,580	7,865	10,715	205	75	130
With employment income	39,660	20,355	19,305	765	420	345
Percentage with employment income	68.1	72.1	64.3	78.5	84.0	72.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,435	3,400	3,035	90	50	45
$5,000 to $9,999	3,245	1,435	1,810	75	40	35
$10,000 to $19,999	5,075	2,215	2,865	95	40	55
$20,000 to $29,999	4,450	1,965	2,485	95	40	60
$30,000 to $39,999	4,000	1,770	2,230	100	45	55
$40,000 to $49,999	3,690	1,865	1,825	95	55	35
$50,000 to $59,999	3,170	1,740	1,435	75	45	25
$60,000 to $69,999	2,300	1,395	905	40	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,760	1,005	755	45	35	10
$80,000 and over	5,525	3,565	1,955	60	50	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,485	865	625	25	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,420	740	675	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	2,620	1,960	660	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	30,125	...	...	495	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,199	...	...	71,595	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,029	...	...	62,656	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,695	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,896	...	...	38,784	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,366	...	...	33,408	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	21,430	...	...	370	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,451	...	...	85,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,622	...	...	71,424	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	30,120	...	...	490	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,629	...	...	77,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,031	...	...	65,213	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,700	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,309	...	...	48,966	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,521	...	...	39,510	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	21,425	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,998	...	...	83,356	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,635	...	...	70,992	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	30,125	...	...	490	...	...
Under $5,000	270	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	395	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,135	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,405	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,550	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,315	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,470	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,440	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,325	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,300	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,485	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,205	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,045	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,885	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,635	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,265	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,990	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,945	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,035	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,290	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	30,125	...	...	490	...	...
Under $5,000	290	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	405	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,140	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,455	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,720	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,510	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,625	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,655	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,620	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,510	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,945	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,540	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,330	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,920	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,545	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,920	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,715	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,515	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,690	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	20,455	...	...	365	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,730	...	...	85,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,765	...	...	71,424	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,245	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,867	...	...	81,237	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,143	...	...	68,864	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,370	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,794	...	...	91,819	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,088	...	...	79,616	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,260	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,804	...	...	55,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,191	...	...	49,536	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	20,485	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,418	...	...	83,351	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,775	...	...	70,946	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,260	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,337	...	...	77,967	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,523	...	...	67,142	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,370	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	125,066	...	...	100,954	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,849	...	...	84,215	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,255	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,779	...	...	53,628	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,840	...	...	47,783	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,730	5,595	6,135	140	95	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,612	28,848	26,696	35,520	41,792	31,296
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,647	26,554	24,992	32,032	35,456	28,864
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	11,725	5,535	6,190	125	80	40
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,919	39,065	35,000	44,343	39,683	53,481
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,888	33,218	30,698	36,312	32,228	44,318
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	68,710	33,510	35,200	1,160	595	560
In the bottom half of the distribution	36,035	17,135	18,900	635	330	305
In the bottom decile	7,370	3,585	3,780	75	40	35
In the second decile	7,660	3,365	4,295	110	50	60
In the third decile	7,125	3,380	3,750	150	75	80
In the fourth decile	6,840	3,310	3,530	155	80	75
In the fifth decile	7,045	3,495	3,550	140	85	55
In the top half of the distribution	32,675	16,380	16,295	525	270	255
In the sixth decile	6,910	3,425	3,485	125	70	60
In the seventh decile	7,045	3,520	3,525	120	60	60
In the eighth decile	6,680	3,305	3,375	110	60	50
In the ninth decile	6,790	3,440	3,345	115	60	55
In the top decile	5,250	2,690	2,565	50	20	30
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	68,710	33,510	35,200	1,160	600	565
0 to 17 years	12,795	6,510	6,285	230	120	110
0 to 5 years	4,010	2,065	1,950	85	50	30
18 to 64 years	42,865	21,005	21,860	755	385	375
65 years and over	13,050	6,000	7,055	175	95	75
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,755	4,930	5,825	130	65	65
0 to 17 years	2,425	1,245	1,180	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	905	450	450	15	15	5
18 to 64 years	6,600	3,085	3,520	70	35	35
65 years and over	1,725	600	1,125	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.7	14.7	16.5	11.2	10.8	11.5
0 to 17 years (%)	19.0	19.1	18.8	15.2	12.5	18.2
0 to 5 years (%)	22.6	21.8	23.1	17.6	30.0	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	15.4	14.7	16.1	9.3	9.1	9.3
65 years and over (%)	13.2	10.0	15.9	14.3	10.5	20.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,330	2,675	2,660	55	35	25
0 to 17 years	1,015	555	455	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	405	225	185	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	4,120	2,045	2,065	30	20	15
65 years and over	200	70	130	10	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.8	8.0	7.6	4.7	5.8	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	7.9	8.5	7.2	6.5	8.3	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	10.1	10.9	9.5	11.8	10.0	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	9.7	9.4	4.0	5.2	4.0
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.2	1.8	5.7	5.3	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	68,710	33,510	35,200	1,160	585	580
Official languages	68,545	33,435	35,110	1,145	570	575
English	68,310	33,325	34,985	1,125	555	570
French	17,655	7,845	9,810	625	290	330
Non-official languages	3,720	1,765	1,955	155	90	65
Aboriginal languages	295	120	175	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	265	105	165	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	210	80	130	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	90	25	60	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	105	40	60	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	60	25	35	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,435	1,650	1,785	155	95	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	60	35	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	60	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	60	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	20	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	10	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	0	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	35	15	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,695	1,340	1,360	115	75	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	400	180	220	20	10	10
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	385	165	215	15	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	25	0	20	0	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	140	60	80	0	0	0
Russian	115	60	60	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	765	380	390	105	70	35
Afrikaans	15	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	10	0
Dutch	145	75	70	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	575	275	300	85	55	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Greek	55	30	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	275	140	135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	230	110	120	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	125	55	70	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	45	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,260	635	620	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	700	355	345	0	0	0
Portuguese	115	75	40	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	465	215	245	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	20	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	15	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	230	110	120	0	0	0
Chinese languages	230	115	120	0	0	0
Cantonese	145	80	70	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	40	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	10	25	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	105	30	70	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	70	10	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	20	10	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	68,710	33,510	35,200	1,160	585	575
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	67,900	33,165	34,735	1,115	555	560
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,790	6,485	6,310	235	110	130
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	55,110	26,680	28,425	880	450	435
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	810	345	465	45	30	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	68,710	33,515	35,195	1,160	580	575
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	65,230	31,915	33,320	1,030	515	515
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,410	1,570	1,840	110	60	55
Before 1981	1,945	905	1,040	30	20	10
1981 to 1990	340	170	170	0	0	10
1991 to 2000	355	130	225	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	550	270	285	65	35	35
2001 to 2005	220	110	115	30	15	15
2006 to 2010	335	160	170	40	20	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	215	90	120	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	70	30	40	25	15	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,410	1,565	1,845	110	55	50
Under 5 years	625	310	320	25	15	10
5 to 14 years	730	380	350	30	10	25
15 to 24 years	800	305	495	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	1,170	555	615	45	20	25
45 years and over	80	20	55	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,410	1,570	1,840	115	60	55
Americas	620	290	325	15	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	25	15	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	0	20	0	0	0
Mexico	25	0	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	440	220	220	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	60	35	30	10	0	10
Europe	1,995	915	1,080	55	30	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	50	15	30	0	0	0
Germany	315	160	155	30	20	15
Greece	25	20	10	0	0	0
Hungary	20	20	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italy	285	150	135	0	0	0
Netherlands	95	50	45	0	10	0
Poland	80	30	50	0	0	0
Portugal	50	30	25	0	0	0
Romania	35	15	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	50	20	35	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	720	310	405	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	185	60	125	10	10	0
Africa	125	75	50	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	55	20	10	10	0
Asia	640	275	365	35	15	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	150	65	90	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	10	0	0	0
India	150	70	80	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	55	30	25	0	0	0
Philippines	60	0	65	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	10
Viet Nam	60	30	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	25	15	25	15	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	215	95	125	10	10	0
Americas	25	10	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	180	75	100	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	50	25	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	68,710	33,510	35,200	1,160	585	580
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,775	1,725	2,050	130	75	60
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,800	3,880	3,920	110	60	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	57,135	27,905	29,225	915	450	465
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,510	690	820	85	40	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	665	325	345	50	35	20
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	305	210	95	20	20	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	360	115	255	35	15	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	665	265	405	10	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	165	95	70	25	10	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	68,710	33,510	35,200	1,160	585	580
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	7,130	3,465	3,670	200	75	125
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,745	3,245	3,500	200	70	125
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,875	1,810	2,060	30	25	10
Métis	2,825	1,400	1,425	140	35	100
Inuk (Inuit)	45	25	20	30	15	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	135	70	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	250	150	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	61,575	30,045	31,530	960	510	450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	68,710	33,510	35,200	1,160	580	575
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,775	1,280	1,495	30	20	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	65,935	32,230	33,710	1,135	565	570
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	68,710	33,510	35,200	1,160	585	575
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,535	695	840	10	15	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,485	660	825	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,205	520	685	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	275	135	140	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	50	35	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	35	20	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,775	3,215	3,560	225	75	150
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,570	3,120	3,450	225	75	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,290	2,020	2,265	65	30	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,225	1,075	1,145	125	25	100
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	20	35	30	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	210	105	105	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	95	85	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	60,400	29,595	30,805	920	495	420
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	68,710	33,510	35,200	1,160	585	575
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,765	830	930	40	25	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	430	220	210	0	0	0
Chinese	390	190	200	0	0	0
Black	300	165	140	40	20	15
Filipino	80	10	75	0	0	0
Latin American	130	60	70	0	0	0
Arab	60	30	25	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	105	50	60	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	60	20	40	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	75	40	35	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	66,950	32,675	34,270	1,120	560	560
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	68,710	33,510	35,200	1,160	585	575
North American Aboriginal origins	8,310	3,915	4,395	240	85	150
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,750	2,680	3,075	80	40	35
Inuit	105	55	50	30	15	15
Métis	2,715	1,320	1,395	125	25	100
Other North American origins	30,055	14,600	15,465	340	170	165
Acadian	90	45	40	0	0	0
American	610	300	310	10	0	10
Canadian	29,530	14,320	15,210	335	170	170
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	105	55	45	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	65	40	30	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	52,070	25,340	26,730	965	485	485
British Isles origins	36,190	17,705	18,490	315	165	150
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	20,375	9,935	10,435	155	70	80
Irish	16,085	7,595	8,495	110	55	55
Manx	10	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish	14,845	7,295	7,550	150	80	65
Welsh	1,215	605	610	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,915	930	985	15	0	15
French origins	20,685	9,795	10,885	540	235	300
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	20,680	9,795	10,890	535	235	300
Western European origins (except French origins)	11,225	5,310	5,915	345	180	165
Austrian	365	155	215	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	200	80	120	25	0	25
Dutch	2,280	1,175	1,110	80	35	40
Flemish	10	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	8,915	4,120	4,795	250	145	105
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	375	170	205	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,150	1,015	1,130	20	0	15
Danish	380	170	210	15	0	15
Finnish	675	315	365	0	0	0
Icelandic	95	35	60	0	0	0
Norwegian	465	260	200	0	0	0
Swedish	540	245	290	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	115	60	60	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,430	2,235	2,195	180	70	115
Bulgarian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Czech	125	60	65	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	75	35	40	0	0	10
Estonian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	380	210	170	0	0	0
Latvian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	100	60	50	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,895	985	905	40	10	25
Romanian	185	115	75	0	0	0
Russian	485	215	270	50	10	40
Slovak	65	50	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,410	655	755	90	50	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	0	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,150	2,510	2,635	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	90	35	60	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	290	140	155	0	0	0
Italian	4,070	2,015	2,055	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Maltese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	335	180	155	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Spanish	265	125	145	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	80	25	55	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	255	155	100	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	85	50	35	10	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	20	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	150	100	50	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	255	115	145	10	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	125	55	75	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	315	135	185	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	130	40	90	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	15	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	290	165	125	30	25	0
Central and West African origins	70	50	20	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	15	10	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	35	30	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	60	30	30	25	20	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	10	10	30	20	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	60	25	35	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	20	0	15	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	95	55	40	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	70	40	25	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,575	710	865	30	10	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	280	145	135	25	10	15
Afghan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	125	55	70	0	0	0
Palestinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	0	10	20	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	505	240	265	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	385	185	195	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	75	40	40	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	30	10	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	800	325	470	10	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	485	225	255	0	0	10
Filipino	120	20	100	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	75	25	45	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	0	20	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	45	50	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	110	50	65	0	0	0
Australian	75	35	40	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	10	20	0	0	0
Fijian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	30,125	...	...	490	...	...
Owner	20,460	...	...	410	...	...
Renter	9,665	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	30,125	...	...	490	...	...
Condominium	1,315	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	28,805	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	30,125	...	...	490	...	...
No bedrooms	120	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,495	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,945	...	...	150	...	...
3 bedrooms	11,085	...	...	180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,480	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	30,120	...	...	495	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,435	...	...	65	...	...
5 rooms	4,035	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	4,590	...	...	100	...	...
7 rooms	4,175	...	...	60	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,895	...	...	185	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	30,120	...	...	490	...	...
One person or fewer per room	29,965	...	...	480	...	...
More than 1 person per room	155	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	30,125	...	...	490	...	...
Suitable	29,425	...	...	480	...	...
Not suitable	695	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	30,120	...	...	495	...	...
1960 or before	8,830	...	...	170	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,110	...	...	160	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,465	...	...	60	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,835	...	...	50	...	...
2001 to 2005	950	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,145	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	785	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	30,120	...	...	495	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	27,750	...	...	455	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,375	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	30,125	...	...	490	...	...
1 household maintainer	17,780	...	...	260	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,755	...	...	230	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	590	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	30,120	...	...	490	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,045	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,035	...	...	45	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,145	...	...	95	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,990	...	...	120	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,255	...	...	95	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,720	...	...	85	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,870	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	1,060	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	29,995	...	...	440	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	22,150	...	...	400	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,850	...	...	40	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,145	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20,360	...	...	365	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.1	...	...	56.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.9	...	...	9.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,144	...	...	662	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,232	...	...	864	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	249,946	...	...	174,329	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	282,752	...	...	186,136	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,665	...	...	75	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	873	...	...	697	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	908	...	...	626	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	58,220	28,185	30,040	965	475	490
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,780	5,500	5,285	255	140	115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,335	7,595	7,740	290	125	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,105	15,095	17,015	420	210	210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,885	3,610	1,280	100	70	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,435	1,575	860	65	35	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,455	2,035	420	35	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,720	7,065	9,650	170	55	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	800	355	445	40	25	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,700	4,060	5,640	105	55	55
Bachelor's degree	7,075	2,790	4,290	75	30	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	630	260	375	10	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	285	205	80	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,455	650	805	20	15	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	255	155	90	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,080	18,185	18,895	675	330	340
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,885	2,270	1,615	95	70	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,360	5,000	4,360	240	100	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,835	10,915	12,920	340	165	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,035	2,240	790	85	60	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,515	995	520	60	30	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,515	1,250	270	25	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,890	5,440	7,455	135	45	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	505	250	255	40	25	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,405	2,980	4,425	80	35	45
Bachelor's degree	5,370	2,060	3,310	55	15	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	530	220	315	0	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190	130	55	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,100	445	650	25	15	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	210	120	85	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	58,220	28,185	30,040	965	475	490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,115	13,090	13,025	540	265	280
Education	2,430	655	1,775	30	10	25
13. Education	2,425	655	1,770	35	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	910	470	435	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	160	45	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	705	305	390	10	0	10
Humanities	1,240	490	745	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	20	30	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	375	105	270	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	265	115	150	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	75	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	135	70	60	0	0	0
54. History	220	90	130	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	50	10	40	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,295	1,020	2,280	50	10	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	275	100	180	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	775	95	680	20	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	445	135	305	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	15	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	650	180	470	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,030	485	545	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	6,065	2,080	3,985	45	30	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	965	215	750	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,090	1,860	3,230	45	30	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	725	370	355	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	390	165	225	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	75	55	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	130	90	35	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	35	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	820	565	255	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	650	480	170	10	0	10
25. Library science	30	0	20	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	135	75	65	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,845	6,345	500	100	95	10
04. Architecture and related services	130	95	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	635	515	120	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,650	1,510	140	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,365	1,300	65	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,980	1,905	70	20	20	0
48. Precision production	1,085	1,020	65	20	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	715	490	225	40	45	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205	140	70	40	45	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	510	355	155	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,280	1,065	5,215	105	0	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	445	220	230	20	10	20
51. Health professions and related programs	5,755	785	4,970	85	0	85
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	65	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,790	1,540	1,250	15	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,260	325	935	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	65	55	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	920	640	280	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	540	510	30	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,080	18,185	18,895	670	330	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,250	7,275	5,975	330	165	160
Education	1,570	430	1,140	30	0	20
13. Education	1,570	430	1,135	25	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	710	360	355	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	160	120	40	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	550	240	315	0	0	10
Humanities	770	305	465	0	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	15	30	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	240	65	180	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	155	75	85	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	40	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	40	40	0	0	0
54. History	145	70	70	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,650	725	1,920	40	10	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	215	70	145	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	640	70	565	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	375	90	285	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	0	60	0	0	0
42. Psychology	530	130	400	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	790	350	440	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,780	1,605	3,165	45	30	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	805	170	635	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,960	1,430	2,525	40	30	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	530	270	260	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	285	125	160	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	60	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	100	60	35	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	25	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	680	465	220	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	560	425	135	10	0	0
25. Library science	25	10	20	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	40	60	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,790	4,415	375	75	65	0
04. Architecture and related services	85	55	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	460	370	90	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,225	1,110	115	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	920	870	55	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,320	1,275	45	20	15	0
48. Precision production	780	740	45	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	545	365	180	30	35	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	135	90	45	35	30	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	410	270	135	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,700	795	3,900	90	10	90
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	360	165	205	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,280	590	3,690	75	0	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	45	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,105	1,170	940	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	910	245	670	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	730	495	240	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	425	395	30	0	10	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	58,220	28,185	30,035	965	475	490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,115	13,095	13,020	540	265	275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	32,105	15,095	17,015	425	205	215
Location of study inside Canada	30,855	14,450	16,410	380	180	200
Same as province or territory of residence	29,315	13,700	15,615	365	180	190
Different than province or territory of residence	1,545	745	800	10	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,250	645	605	40	30	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	420	260	155	0	0	0
Philippines	40	0	45	0	0	0
India	80	35	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	245	145	105	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other	445	195	245	35	20	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,080	18,180	18,895	670	330	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,245	7,270	5,975	330	170	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,830	10,910	12,920	340	160	180
Location of study inside Canada	23,010	10,505	12,500	300	135	165
Same as province or territory of residence	21,895	9,965	11,930	290	135	155
Different than province or territory of residence	1,115	540	575	15	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	820	405	415	40	30	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	245	145	95	0	0	0
Philippines	35	0	35	0	0	0
India	70	25	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	130	70	60	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	15	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	320	145	175	30	20	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	58,220	28,185	30,035	965	475	490
In the labour force	34,970	17,580	17,385	650	365	280
Employed	31,790	15,730	16,060	635	365	275
Unemployed	3,180	1,855	1,325	15	0	10
Not in the labour force	23,255	10,600	12,655	310	105	205
Participation rate	60.1	62.4	57.9	67.4	76.8	57.1
Employment rate	54.6	55.8	53.5	65.8	76.8	56.1
Unemployment rate	9.1	10.6	7.6	2.3	0.0	3.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	58,220	28,180	30,035	965	475	490
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	21,575	9,665	11,910	255	85	165
Worked	36,645	18,515	18,125	710	385	325
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	18,595	9,980	8,615	360	230	125
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	18,050	8,535	9,510	350	155	200
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.6	42.4	43.7	44.2	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	34,965	17,585	17,385	650	370	285
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	760	375	385	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	34,205	17,205	16,995	650	370	285
Employee	30,895	15,155	15,740	480	230	250
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,305	2,045	1,260	175	140	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	34,965	17,580	17,385	655	370	285
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	760	375	385	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	34,205	17,210	17,000	650	370	280
0 Management occupations	3,450	2,075	1,375	145	105	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,890	1,305	3,585	65	25	45
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,905	1,530	370	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	2,965	550	2,415	60	10	55
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,680	1,660	3,020	90	30	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	765	300	470	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	8,725	3,520	5,210	90	35	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,375	5,010	365	125	115	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	655	560	95	55	40	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	795	705	95	15	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	34,965	17,580	17,385	655	365	285
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	760	375	390	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	34,200	17,205	17,000	650	370	280
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	320	210	115	180	135	50
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	800	640	155	0	0	0
22 Utilities	370	280	90	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,420	2,175	250	40	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,755	1,445	310	20	20	0
41 Wholesale trade	830	625	210	25	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	4,685	2,075	2,605	60	15	45
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,780	1,355	425	50	40	10
51 Information and cultural industries	450	255	195	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	835	320	510	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	570	370	200	10	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,645	860	780	20	15	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,600	885	715	25	25	0
61 Educational services	3,045	945	2,095	45	10	35
62 Health care and social assistance	5,405	1,025	4,385	115	15	100
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	645	315	330	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,620	935	1,685	20	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,530	725	805	20	10	10
91 Public administration	2,895	1,755	1,140	15	20	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	31,790	15,730	16,060	640	365	275
Worked at home	1,750	880	875	145	110	35
Worked outside Canada	80	70	10	10	0	10
No fixed workplace address	3,510	2,545	960	85	70	15
Worked at usual place	26,445	12,235	14,210	405	190	220
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	26,445	12,240	14,210	405	185	215
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	18,715	8,355	10,360	160	70	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,775	1,730	2,050	130	50	80
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,570	1,845	1,725	115	65	50
Commute to a different province or territory	385	310	75	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	29,955	14,785	15,175	490	255	230
Car, truck, van - as a driver	23,830	11,950	11,885	410	215	200
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,245	900	1,350	25	10	10
Public transit	1,015	380	640	10	0	0
Walked	2,070	995	1,075	45	20	20
Bicycle	365	280	85	0	0	0
Other method	420	275	145	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	29,955	14,785	15,175	490	255	230
Less than 15 minutes	13,600	6,490	7,110	250	130	125
15 to 29 minutes	11,030	5,275	5,755	75	40	35
30 to 44 minutes	3,420	1,730	1,690	70	35	35
45 to 59 minutes	865	505	360	40	15	20
60 minutes and over	1,035	785	255	60	45	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	29,955	14,785	15,175	490	260	230
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,190	790	410	50	35	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,370	2,625	1,750	105	85	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,015	5,350	4,665	100	30	65
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,125	2,735	4,390	130	55	75
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,790	1,030	1,755	20	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,460	2,255	2,210	80	40	40
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	37,760	19,045	18,715	740	400	340
Single responses	37,030	18,775	18,250	680	365	315
Official languages	36,960	18,740	18,225	675	365	315
English	35,860	18,410	17,445	575	330	250
French	1,100	325	775	100	40	65
Non-official languages	70	35	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	0	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	20	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	730	265	465	60	30	25
English and French	700	245	450	45	25	25
English and non-official language	25	10	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	37,760	19,045	18,715	740	400	340
None	33,225	17,090	16,135	585	315	265
English	635	190	440	70	30	35
French	3,725	1,660	2,065	80	55	25
Non-official language	145	85	60	10	0	10
Aboriginal	25	15	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	120	65	50	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	68,110	33,190	34,915	1,150	575	575
Non-movers	58,670	28,665	30,005	1,005	495	510
Movers	9,435	4,525	4,910	150	80	70
Non-migrants	5,795	2,780	3,010	45	25	25
Migrants	3,645	1,740	1,905	100	60	45
Internal migrants	3,495	1,675	1,825	80	40	35
Intraprovincial migrants	3,075	1,440	1,635	80	40	35
Interprovincial migrants	425	230	190	0	0	0
External migrants	150	70	80	20	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	65,430	31,730	33,695	1,080	535	555
Non-movers	41,580	20,360	21,220	770	380	390
Movers	23,850	11,375	12,480	320	155	160
Non-migrants	13,465	6,505	6,960	100	55	45
Migrants	10,385	4,870	5,520	215	100	120
Internal migrants	9,940	4,665	5,280	190	80	110
Intraprovincial migrants	8,905	4,130	4,770	190	80	110
Interprovincial migrants	1,040	530	505	0	0	0
External migrants	445	200	245	25	20	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. North Bay [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Montcalm, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Bay [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census North Bay [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Bay [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba