Census Profile, 2016 Census
Greater Sudbury [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Madoc, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Greater Sudbury Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Madoc, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Greater Sudbury [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Map : Greater Sudbury [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Madoc, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	164,689	...	...	2,078	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	163,067 ^r	...	...	2,166^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.0	...	...	-4.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	76,619	...	...	889	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	70,445	...	...	804	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	42.0	...	...	7.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,924.48	...	...	277.97	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	164,690	80,590	84,100	2,075	1,065	1,010
0 to 14 years	25,580	13,135	12,445	310	155	150
0 to 4 years	8,325	4,295	4,025	90	45	40
5 to 9 years	8,775	4,535	4,240	105	55	50
10 to 14 years	8,485	4,310	4,170	110	55	60
15 to 64 years	108,950	53,925	55,025	1,330	675	655
15 to 19 years	9,455	4,820	4,635	120	65	50
20 to 24 years	10,570	5,440	5,130	120	60	60
25 to 29 years	10,135	5,065	5,075	85	40	40
30 to 34 years	9,975	4,965	5,010	95	45	45
35 to 39 years	9,960	4,855	5,110	85	40	45
40 to 44 years	10,215	5,110	5,105	105	50	55
45 to 49 years	10,830	5,395	5,430	135	70	65
50 to 54 years	13,600	6,685	6,910	200	100	105
55 to 59 years	13,020	6,250	6,765	195	110	90
60 to 64 years	11,190	5,335	5,855	190	100	90
65 years and over	30,155	13,525	16,630	440	230	205
65 to 69 years	9,635	4,780	4,850	175	90	85
70 to 74 years	7,125	3,330	3,790	105	55	50
75 to 79 years	5,410	2,435	2,970	85	50	35
80 to 84 years	4,120	1,675	2,445	50	25	25
85 years and over	3,865	1,300	2,565	25	5	15
85 to 89 years	2,530	940	1,590	15	5	15
90 to 94 years	1,065	295	770	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	255	65	190	5	5	0
100 years and over	20	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	16.3	14.8	14.9	14.6	14.9
15 to 64 years	66.2	66.9	65.4	64.1	63.4	64.9
65 years and over	18.3	16.8	19.8	21.2	21.6	20.3
85 years and over	2.3	1.6	3.0	1.2	0.5	1.5
Average age of the population	42.2	41.1	43.3	44.5	44.6	44.4
Median age of the population	43.3	42.0	44.6	49.4	49.9	48.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
Single-detached house	43,750	...	...	795	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	4,455	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	21,690	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,245	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	2,885	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,220	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	11,185	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	160	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	545	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
1 person	20,775	...	...	135	...	...
2 persons	26,095	...	...	355	...	...
3 persons	10,640	...	...	130	...	...
4 persons	9,135	...	...	100	...	...
5 or more persons	3,800	...	...	80	...	...
Number of persons in private households	161,815	...	...	2,075	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	139,105	67,455	71,655	1,770	905	865
Married or living common law	80,140	40,030	40,110	1,175	585	590
Married	63,115	31,530	31,585	950	475	475
Living common law	17,025	8,495	8,525	220	110	110
Not married and not living common law	58,970	27,425	31,540	595	320	275
Never married	36,290	19,840	16,445	375	215	155
Separated	4,750	2,135	2,620	45	30	20
Divorced	7,985	3,450	4,535	70	45	25
Widowed	9,930	1,995	7,940	105	35	70
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	47,880	...	...	665	...	...
2 persons	26,315	...	...	385	...	...
3 persons	10,200	...	...	125	...	...
4 persons	8,525	...	...	95	...	...
5 or more persons	2,840	...	...	55	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	47,885	...	...	665	...	...
Total couple families	39,495	...	...	585	...	...
Married couples	30,985	...	...	475	...	...
Common-law couples	8,510	...	...	110	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	8,385	...	...	80	...	...
Female parent	6,470	...	...	50	...	...
Male parent	1,920	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	39,495	...	...	580	...	...
Couples without children	21,040	...	...	335	...	...
Couples with children	18,460	...	...	245	...	...
1 child	7,845	...	...	105	...	...
2 children	7,925	...	...	90	...	...
3 or more children	2,690	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	8,390	...	...	80	...	...
1 child	5,280	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	2,355	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	755	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	29,500	14,110	15,390	245	140	105
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	70,445	...	...	800	...	...
One-census-family households	46,135	...	...	620	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	20,290	...	...	320	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	25,845	...	...	300	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	865	...	...	25	...	...
Non-census-family households	23,445	...	...	160	...	...
One-person households	20,775	...	...	140	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,670	...	...	25	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	162,900	79,895	83,005	2,075	1,065	1,010
English only	98,095	49,895	48,200	2,010	1,040	970
French only	1,335	565	770	0	0	0
English and French	63,080	29,290	33,780	70	30	40
Neither English nor French	390	145	255	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	162,900	79,895	83,005	2,080	1,065	1,010
English	120,280	59,870	60,410	2,065	1,060	1,005
French	41,390	19,485	21,905	15	5	5
English and French	865	415	450	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	360	130	235	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	41,825	19,690	22,135	15	5	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	25.7	24.6	26.7	0.7	0.5	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	162,900	79,895	83,005	2,080	1,065	1,010
Single responses	159,160	78,135	81,020	2,075	1,065	1,010
Official languages	149,210	73,490	75,725	2,020	1,035	975
English	107,345	53,735	53,610	2,000	1,030	970
French	41,865	19,755	22,115	15	10	5
Non-official languages	9,950	4,650	5,300	55	25	35
Aboriginal languages	260	105	155	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	250	100	155	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	5	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	35	20	20	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	195	75	125	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	185	70	115	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,690	4,550	5,140	55	25	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	450	260	195	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	430	245	180	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	415	240	175	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	130	60	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	125	65	60	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	220	70	150	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	55	110	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	60	60	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tamil	35	25	15	0	0	0
Telugu	45	20	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,330	2,985	3,345	55	20	30
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,560	670	890	10	5	0
Baltic languages	75	35	40	0	0	5
Latvian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,490	635	850	5	0	5
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	215	95	120	0	0	0
Czech	55	35	20	5	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	450	180	270	0	0	0
Russian	115	45	70	0	5	5
Serbian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	450	175	275	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	890	405	480	30	10	20
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	15	0	0	5
Dutch	130	70	60	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	685	300	385	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	135	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	710	375	335	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	640	340	300	5	5	0
Bengali	30	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	155	90	65	0	0	0
Hindi	115	55	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	55	55	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	5	10	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	55	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,005	1,450	1,560	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,390	1,140	1,250	5	0	5
Portuguese	220	120	105	5	5	0
Romanian	35	20	15	5	0	0
Spanish	345	165	185	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	175	90	85	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	25	15	10	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	685	340	345	0	0	0
Chinese languages	680	335	350	0	0	0
Cantonese	240	110	125	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	370	185	190	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	35	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	20	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	1,380	590	790	0	0	0
Estonian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Finnish	1,255	525	725	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	45	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,745	1,760	1,985	5	0	0
English and French	2,840	1,325	1,515	0	0	0
English and non-official language	755	365	390	0	0	5
French and non-official language	95	50	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	20	30	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	162,900	79,895	83,005	2,080	1,065	1,015
Single responses	158,490	77,885	80,610	2,070	1,060	1,010
Official languages	155,230	76,380	78,845	2,055	1,055	1,000
English	133,960	66,630	67,335	2,060	1,055	1,005
French	21,265	9,755	11,510	5	0	5
Non-official languages	3,265	1,505	1,760	15	5	10
Aboriginal languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	15	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,210	1,480	1,730	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	250	145	105	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	235	140	95	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	235	140	95	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	105	55	45	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	35	50	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	20	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	5	15	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,870	835	1,035	10	5	5
Albanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	360	150	215	5	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	345	140	205	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	70	25	40	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	105	45	60	0	0	0
Russian	50	25	25	5	0	0
Serbian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	30	55	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	90	40	45	5	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	40	40	0	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	30	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	400	215	185	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	365	200	170	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	100	55	45	0	0	0
Hindi	65	35	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	80	45	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	940	390	550	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	700	275	420	5	0	0
Portuguese	90	45	40	0	0	5
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	140	65	75	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	25	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	405	205	200	0	0	0
Chinese languages	405	205	200	0	0	0
Cantonese	120	55	65	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	245	125	120	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	25	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	300	110	190	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	280	100	180	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,410	2,015	2,395	10	5	5
English and French	2,725	1,195	1,525	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,540	750	790	10	5	5
French and non-official language	70	30	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	75	35	40	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	162,900	79,895	83,005	2,075	1,065	1,010
None	127,745	63,860	63,890	2,045	1,050	990
English	13,630	6,280	7,360	10	0	5
French	17,550	7,975	9,570	5	5	0
Non-official language	3,725	1,675	2,050	20	10	10
Aboriginal	325	130	195	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,400	1,545	1,855	20	5	10
English and French	45	20	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	40	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	130	50	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	136,280	66,385	69,900	1,765	910	860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	131,490	64,245	67,245	1,685	870	820
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,763	46,957	29,828	28,053	33,664	23,467
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	131,570	64,250	67,320	1,690	870	815
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,060	41,352	27,273	26,016	30,811	21,824
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	117,840	58,800	59,040	1,435	760	675
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,465	44,804	27,095	27,264	33,600	21,202
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	94,960	42,290	52,670	1,285	640	640
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,049	7,405	6,918	8,592	8,880	8,176
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	97,195	51,440	45,755	1,180	640	545
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,738	43,713	30,074	26,528	29,056	23,104
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	136,285	66,390	69,895	1,755	915	845
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	131,230	64,080	67,155	1,680	880	805
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,280	58,848	38,196	34,912	39,899	29,468
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	131,320	64,085	67,240	1,680	875	805
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,963	47,550	32,733	30,490	34,543	26,063
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	117,750	58,645	59,105	1,400	750	655
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,010	58,187	35,920	34,131	39,622	27,838
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,090	42,175	52,920	1,265	600	665
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,418	8,501	8,352	8,601	8,931	8,302
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	97,190	51,255	45,940	1,175	650	525
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,995	54,407	36,611	33,827	37,315	29,523
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	136,280	66,390	69,895	1,755	915	840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	45,240	25,075	20,165	550	345	205
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	58,384	69,039	49,105	48,697	50,838	42,608
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	67,326	77,174	55,080	49,780	51,218	47,351
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.3	90.5	82.6	81.3	83.7	76.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.4	73.6	65.7	65.3	66.3	63.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.7	9.5	17.5	18.9	16.2	22.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	136,285	66,385	69,900	1,765	905	860
Without total income	4,795	2,140	2,655	80	35	40
With total income	131,490	64,245	67,245	1,690	870	815
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.8	96.2	95.8	96.1	94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,295	6,350	9,945	235	110	130
$10,000 to $19,999	21,045	7,755	13,290	370	150	220
$20,000 to $29,999	16,670	6,135	10,535	275	135	140
$30,000 to $39,999	15,245	6,880	8,365	195	95	100
$40,000 to $49,999	14,015	7,000	7,015	190	110	80
$50,000 to $59,999	11,445	5,865	5,580	130	75	55
$60,000 to $69,999	8,450	4,865	3,590	85	60	25
$70,000 to $79,999	6,210	3,705	2,505	60	45	15
$80,000 to $89,999	5,120	3,160	1,960	40	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	4,560	2,770	1,785	40	25	20
$100,000 and over	12,425	9,760	2,665	60	45	20
$100,000 to $149,999	9,365	7,320	2,040	50	40	15
$150,000 and over	3,060	2,440	620	5	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	136,285	66,380	69,900	1,765	905	860
Without after-tax income	4,710	2,130	2,580	75	35	45
With after-tax income	131,570	64,255	67,320	1,685	870	815
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.8	96.3	95.5	96.1	94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,965	6,470	10,495	250	110	135
$10,000 to $19,999	21,955	8,130	13,820	375	155	220
$20,000 to $29,999	19,360	7,220	12,140	325	160	165
$30,000 to $39,999	18,760	9,040	9,720	235	130	110
$40,000 to $49,999	16,295	8,380	7,915	190	110	75
$50,000 to $59,999	11,385	6,465	4,920	115	70	40
$60,000 to $69,999	8,080	5,035	3,045	85	60	25
$70,000 to $79,999	6,920	4,360	2,560	55	25	20
$80,000 and over	11,860	9,145	2,715	70	45	20
$80,000 to $89,999	4,420	3,285	1,135	35	20	15
$90,000 to $99,999	2,690	2,110	580	20	15	5
$100,000 and over	4,745	3,750	995	20	15	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	136,285	66,385	69,900	1,770	905	860
Without employment income	39,090	14,940	24,145	585	270	320
With employment income	97,195	51,440	45,755	1,180	640	545
Percentage with employment income	71.3	77.5	65.5	66.7	70.7	63.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	15,800	9,060	6,740	245	140	100
$5,000 to $9,999	7,135	2,940	4,195	100	45	55
$10,000 to $19,999	11,350	4,745	6,605	155	65	90
$20,000 to $29,999	9,140	3,850	5,295	145	65	80
$30,000 to $39,999	8,985	3,710	5,275	125	55	70
$40,000 to $49,999	8,630	3,725	4,905	120	75	50
$50,000 to $59,999	7,490	3,740	3,750	65	40	25
$60,000 to $69,999	5,795	3,405	2,390	60	45	20
$70,000 to $79,999	4,520	2,760	1,755	40	30	15
$80,000 and over	18,355	13,510	4,850	125	75	45
$80,000 to $89,999	4,225	2,655	1,570	45	25	15
$90,000 to $99,999	3,950	2,440	1,510	30	20	15
$100,000 and over	10,180	8,415	1,765	50	40	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,687	...	...	63,539	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,774	...	...	59,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	20,775	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,506	...	...	25,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,379	...	...	24,512	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	49,665	...	...	665	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,244	...	...	74,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,420	...	...	66,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	70,445	...	...	800	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	89,941	...	...	73,037	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,500	...	...	63,785	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	20,755	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,813	...	...	31,979	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,875	...	...	26,457	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	49,690	...	...	680	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	109,209	...	...	80,294	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,216	...	...	70,383	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
Under $5,000	665	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,105	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,375	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,750	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,175	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,620	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,710	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,970	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,925	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,915	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,320	...	...	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,945	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,290	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,040	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,610	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	24,030	...	...	205	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	7,505	...	...	85	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5,620	...	...	50	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	6,450	...	...	45	...	...
$200,000 and over	4,455	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
Under $5,000	710	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,145	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,410	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,870	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,545	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,955	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,275	...	...	55	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,430	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,495	...	...	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,300	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,390	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,580	...	...	80	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5,200	...	...	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,500	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	4,035	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,615	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	7,520	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,635	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,460	...	...	40	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	47,660	...	...	650	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,969	...	...	74,688	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,839	...	...	66,368	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	19,835	...	...	305	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,790	...	...	65,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,116	...	...	59,008	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	18,670	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,918	...	...	99,584	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,476	...	...	81,749	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	7,920	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,149	...	...	42,880	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,360	...	...	42,112	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	47,725	...	...	670	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	110,015	...	...	79,272	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,731	...	...	69,489	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	19,775	...	...	335	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,382	...	...	70,912	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,443	...	...	62,548	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	18,680	...	...	255	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	142,723	...	...	100,816	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,807	...	...	87,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,910	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,660	...	...	38,356	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,613	...	...	36,131	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	26,555	12,800	13,750	195	110	80
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,512	36,587	28,410	23,872	25,152	23,232
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,916	32,846	26,548	22,976	23,488	22,592
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	26,340	12,645	13,695	175	105	65
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,200	46,921	35,918	32,143	32,228	32,004
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,845	38,543	31,430	27,078	26,626	27,809
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	161,815	79,490	82,320	2,080	1,070	1,010
In the bottom half of the distribution	71,000	33,150	37,850	1,190	610	575
In the bottom decile	14,875	7,005	7,870	185	100	85
In the second decile	13,180	5,555	7,620	290	150	140
In the third decile	13,340	6,055	7,285	250	125	125
In the fourth decile	14,375	6,960	7,410	235	125	110
In the fifth decile	15,235	7,575	7,670	225	110	110
In the top half of the distribution	90,810	46,345	44,470	885	455	435
In the sixth decile	15,935	7,960	7,980	220	115	100
In the seventh decile	17,220	8,725	8,500	210	100	110
In the eighth decile	19,700	10,020	9,675	190	95	95
In the ninth decile	21,270	10,885	10,390	170	85	85
In the top decile	16,685	8,755	7,930	100	55	45
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	161,315	79,250	82,065	2,080	1,065	1,010
0 to 17 years	30,755	15,810	14,945	380	195	180
0 to 5 years	9,905	5,115	4,790	110	60	45
18 to 64 years	102,500	50,550	51,945	1,265	640	625
65 years and over	28,060	12,885	15,175	435	230	205
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	20,650	9,300	11,345	290	150	140
0 to 17 years	5,050	2,605	2,450	85	45	35
0 to 5 years	1,985	1,025	960	25	20	5
18 to 64 years	12,815	5,875	6,945	160	85	80
65 years and over	2,775	825	1,955	50	25	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	11.7	13.8	13.9	14.1	13.9
0 to 17 years (%)	16.4	16.5	16.4	22.4	23.1	19.4
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	20.0	20.0	22.7	33.3	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	11.6	13.4	12.6	13.3	12.8
65 years and over (%)	9.9	6.4	12.9	11.5	10.9	12.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	11,165	5,365	5,800	90	55	35
0 to 17 years	2,385	1,215	1,175	25	15	10
0 to 5 years	1,030	535	500	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	8,300	3,985	4,315	60	35	25
65 years and over	475	165	310	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.9	6.8	7.1	4.3	5.2	3.5
0 to 17 years (%)	7.8	7.7	7.9	6.6	7.7	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	10.5	10.4	4.5	8.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	7.9	8.3	4.7	5.5	4.0
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.3	2.0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	161,815	79,490	82,325	2,075	1,100	975
Official languages	161,430	79,345	82,080	2,075	1,105	975
English	160,075	78,800	81,275	2,075	1,105	975
French	64,110	29,890	34,220	90	50	45
Non-official languages	13,735	6,525	7,210	35	15	20
Aboriginal languages	735	300	435	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	685	285	400	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	15	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	0	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	0	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	590	240	355	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	555	220	330	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	50	25	25	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,000	6,220	6,775	35	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	725	375	345	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	715	370	345	10	0	0
Amharic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	685	355	330	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	10	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	205	105	95	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	205	110	100	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	300	135	170	0	0	0
Bikol	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	45	20	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	15	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	255	110	150	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	30	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	235	125	115	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamil	110	60	45	0	0	0
Telugu	115	50	65	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,590	4,055	4,540	30	15	15
Albanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,440	645	800	0	0	10
Baltic languages	65	25	35	0	0	0
Latvian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,385	620	765	10	10	10
Belarusan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	295	130	165	0	0	0
Czech	75	45	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	395	170	225	0	0	0
Russian	115	50	70	10	10	0
Serbian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	10	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	400	160	240	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	0	15	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,155	510	640	15	0	0
Afrikaans	40	25	15	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	185	75	110	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	895	390	505	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	240	115	120	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,015	540	480	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	925	485	435	0	0	0
Bengali	45	25	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	205	125	85	0	0	0
Hindi	470	255	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	175	95	85	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	25	10	0	0	0
Urdu	275	125	150	0	0	0
Iranian languages	120	65	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	30	20	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	90	45	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,895	2,335	2,565	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	3,340	1,615	1,725	0	10	0
Portuguese	240	135	105	0	0	0
Romanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	1,390	600	790	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Japanese	70	20	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	50	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	280	175	110	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	60	25	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	20	10	15	0	0	0
Swahili	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	25	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	95	75	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	305	105	205	0	0	0
American Sign Language	145	50	95	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	145	55	90	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	810	460	350	0	0	0
Chinese languages	810	455	350	0	0	0
Cantonese	335	175	160	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	475	285	195	0	0	0
Min Dong	10	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	30	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	1,555	685	875	0	0	0
Estonian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Finnish	1,450	640	815	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	161,815	79,495	82,325	2,075	1,100	975
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	159,165	78,150	81,010	2,060	1,095	970
Canadian citizens aged under 18	30,700	15,820	14,875	375	225	150
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	128,465	62,330	66,135	1,690	870	820
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,650	1,340	1,310	20	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	161,815	79,495	82,320	2,080	1,100	975
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	151,750	74,595	77,155	1,995	1,065	925
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	9,360	4,500	4,860	85	35	50
Before 1981	5,375	2,520	2,855	75	30	45
1981 to 1990	730	415	315	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	845	405	430	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	1,410	690	715	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	635	300	335	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	775	395	385	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,005	470	535	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	710	400	315	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	9,360	4,505	4,860	85	35	50
Under 5 years	1,270	615	660	20	10	20
5 to 14 years	1,810	870	940	20	0	15
15 to 24 years	2,680	1,265	1,410	20	10	10
25 to 44 years	3,195	1,565	1,630	30	20	10
45 years and over	400	180	220	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	9,360	4,505	4,860	85	40	45
Americas	1,175	505	670	10	10	10
Brazil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	40	25	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	25	20	10	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	10	10	0	10
Haiti	25	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	180	90	90	0	0	0
Mexico	35	0	35	0	0	0
Peru	25	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	20	10	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	620	265	355	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	160	55	105	0	0	0
Europe	5,465	2,600	2,860	75	35	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	20	15	0	0	0
Croatia	165	85	85	0	0	0
France	110	45	60	0	0	0
Germany	560	255	305	10	10	0
Greece	150	65	80	0	0	0
Hungary	50	25	30	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	90	60	35	0	0	0
Italy	1,490	745	745	10	0	10
Netherlands	130	70	55	10	0	0
Poland	210	80	135	0	0	0
Portugal	130	70	65	10	0	0
Romania	30	20	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	60	15	45	10	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	20	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	70	35	40	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,115	545	565	45	10	30
Other places of birth in Europe	1,050	465	590	0	0	0
Africa	585	295	290	0	0	0
Algeria	55	25	30	0	0	0
Egypt	45	20	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	20	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	410	195	210	0	0	0
Asia	2,090	1,070	1,020	0	0	0
Afghanistan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	15	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	360	190	165	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	60	35	25	0	0	0
India	515	230	285	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	85	50	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	150	70	80	0	0	0
Philippines	250	115	135	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	75	50	30	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	190	100	90	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	205	120	85	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	40	30	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,005	465	535	0	0	0
Americas	110	60	50	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	75	40	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	120	50	70	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	20	25	0	0	0
Africa	180	65	110	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	30	15	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	0	25	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	10	20	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	25	40	0	0	0
Asia	575	280	300	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	55	25	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	170	80	90	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	80	35	50	0	0	0
Philippines	85	50	40	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	70	35	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	161,815	79,495	82,320	2,075	1,105	975
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10,455	5,095	5,355	85	35	50
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	17,350	8,580	8,770	180	95	90
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	134,010	65,820	68,190	1,810	970	840
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,065	2,030	2,040	15	10	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,060	1,105	955	10	0	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	870	600	275	10	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,185	510	680	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,485	620	860	0	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	475	275	200	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	161,815	79,490	82,325	2,075	1,105	975
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	15,695	7,775	7,920	90	45	45
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	15,205	7,555	7,655	85	45	40
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	7,395	3,540	3,850	35	25	20
Métis	7,745	3,985	3,765	45	20	25
Inuk (Inuit)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	210	95	115	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	275	120	155	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	146,120	71,720	74,400	1,990	1,060	930
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	161,815	79,490	82,325	2,075	1,100	975
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	6,000	2,930	3,070	25	10	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	155,820	76,565	79,255	2,050	1,090	960
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	161,815	79,490	82,325	2,075	1,105	975
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	3,940	2,020	1,925	15	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	3,905	2,005	1,900	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,825	1,375	1,450	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	1,055	625	430	10	10	10
Inuit single ancestry	30	10	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	35	15	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	16,740	8,230	8,510	155	90	70
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	16,390	8,070	8,320	155	85	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	8,420	4,100	4,320	110	65	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	7,845	3,920	3,930	45	20	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	50	65	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	355	160	190	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	340	155	190	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	141,135	69,245	71,890	1,910	1,010	895
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	161,815	79,490	82,320	2,080	1,100	975
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	6,045	3,125	2,920	55	25	25
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,500	800	705	0	0	0
Chinese	985	535	450	25	15	10
Black	1,460	780	680	10	0	10
Filipino	365	160	205	0	0	10
Latin American	275	110	165	10	0	10
Arab	610	305	305	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	325	170	155	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	115	55	65	0	0	0
Korean	90	50	40	10	10	0
Japanese	90	40	50	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	165	90	75	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	155,770	76,370	79,405	2,020	1,075	945
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	161,820	79,490	82,325	2,075	1,100	975
North American Aboriginal origins	20,680	10,250	10,430	170	90	80
First Nations (North American Indian)	11,620	5,645	5,975	115	65	50
Inuit	170	70	100	0	0	0
Métis	9,280	4,705	4,570	55	25	30
Other North American origins	75,170	36,350	38,815	725	405	315
Acadian	355	175	180	0	0	0
American	1,245	610	635	15	15	0
Canadian	73,795	35,650	38,140	695	385	315
New Brunswicker	15	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	190	100	90	10	10	10
Nova Scotian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Ontarian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Québécois	235	120	115	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	118,890	58,125	60,765	1,595	825	770
British Isles origins	64,860	31,535	33,325	1,330	665	670
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	32,270	15,745	16,525	880	405	470
Irish	30,805	14,505	16,300	580	300	280
Manx	20	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish	25,425	12,310	13,120	530	255	275
Welsh	2,085	985	1,100	40	15	30
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,680	1,285	1,390	40	20	20
French origins	61,035	29,405	31,630	180	110	70
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	61,035	29,405	31,630	180	110	70
Western European origins (except French origins)	17,585	8,650	8,940	455	255	200
Austrian	655	370	290	10	0	10
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	485	220	260	10	10	10
Dutch	3,750	1,775	1,970	130	85	40
Flemish	30	20	10	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	13,280	6,565	6,715	345	205	140
Luxembourger	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	360	185	175	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,095	4,945	5,150	15	10	10
Danish	680	305	380	0	0	0
Finnish	7,405	3,715	3,690	0	0	0
Icelandic	185	65	120	0	0	0
Norwegian	855	380	475	15	0	10
Swedish	1,575	740	830	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	13,995	6,850	7,140	185	100	85
Bulgarian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	65	35	25	0	10	0
Czech	355	200	155	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	230	110	120	0	0	0
Estonian	210	120	90	25	10	20
Hungarian	795	380	420	10	0	0
Latvian	145	70	70	0	0	0
Lithuanian	285	110	175	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	4,870	2,440	2,425	45	25	20
Romanian	280	150	125	0	0	0
Russian	850	335	515	25	10	20
Slovak	315	135	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	7,530	3,685	3,840	95	70	30
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	16,655	8,295	8,365	45	30	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	910	485	430	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	720	325	390	10	10	0
Italian	13,500	6,850	6,650	35	20	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	55	25	0	0	0
Maltese	70	25	40	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	15	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	515	255	255	0	10	0
Serbian	200	130	70	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	220	110	110	0	0	0
Spanish	745	265	480	10	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	255	125	130	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	370	180	190	10	0	10
Basque	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	145	70	65	10	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	210	105	110	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	890	425	465	0	0	0
Antiguan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	0	15	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Jamaican	525	270	260	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	0	20	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	55	25	25	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	645	305	345	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	50	20	25	0	0	0
Colombian	80	50	30	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	30	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	15	30	0	0	10
Hispanic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	195	90	105	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	90	45	40	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,460	700	760	10	0	0
Central and West African origins	310	185	130	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Chadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	120	55	65	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	45	35	15	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	20	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	335	150	190	0	0	0
Algerian	85	45	45	0	0	0
Berber	20	10	10	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	65	20	50	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	285	165	120	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Djiboutian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	45	20	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	40	25	15	0	0	0
South African	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	75	55	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	555	210	345	0	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	65	20	50	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	510	205	310	0	0	0
Asian origins	4,795	2,485	2,310	30	15	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,170	620	550	0	0	0
Afghan	40	20	25	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	245	135	115	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	105	60	45	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	40	30	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	400	205	200	10	10	0
Palestinian	55	20	40	0	0	0
Pashtun	30	15	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	45	40	10	0	0	0
Syrian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Tajik	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	75	35	40	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	70	30	40	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,625	865	765	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,215	640	570	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	195	100	100	0	0	0
Punjabi	40	15	25	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	120	80	40	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	65	40	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,020	1,025	1,000	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,205	630	570	25	10	10
Filipino	370	150	225	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Japanese	95	45	55	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	45	35	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	295	165	130	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	135	65	70	0	0	0
Australian	110	55	60	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
Owner	46,555	...	...	745	...	...
Renter	23,835	...	...	60	...	...
Band housing	55	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
Condominium	1,100	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	69,345	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
No bedrooms	285	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	8,515	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	16,960	...	...	110	...	...
3 bedrooms	27,515	...	...	420	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	17,170	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	17,385	...	...	40	...	...
5 rooms	10,795	...	...	95	...	...
6 rooms	11,120	...	...	110	...	...
7 rooms	10,550	...	...	190	...	...
8 or more rooms	20,590	...	...	360	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
One person or fewer per room	70,195	...	...	805	...	...
More than 1 person per room	250	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	70,445	...	...	800	...	...
Suitable	68,795	...	...	775	...	...
Not suitable	1,655	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
1960 or before	22,385	...	...	275	...	...
1961 to 1980	26,135	...	...	170	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,185	...	...	90	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,795	...	...	145	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,870	...	...	50	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,765	...	...	35	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,315	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	70,445	...	...	800	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	65,105	...	...	720	...	...
Major repairs needed	5,335	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
1 household maintainer	43,065	...	...	460	...	...
2 household maintainers	26,450	...	...	345	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	930	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	70,445	...	...	805	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,565	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	9,890	...	...	85	...	...
35 to 44 years	11,070	...	...	100	...	...
45 to 54 years	14,215	...	...	170	...	...
55 to 64 years	13,840	...	...	225	...	...
65 to 74 years	10,465	...	...	120	...	...
75 to 84 years	6,190	...	...	85	...	...
85 years and over	2,205	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	70,075	...	...	750	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	55,025	...	...	595	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	15,050	...	...	155	...	...
30% to less than 100%	13,485	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	46,330	...	...	690	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.3	...	...	57.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.5	...	...	19.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,133	...	...	883	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,246	...	...	986	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	254,473	...	...	200,381	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	297,171	...	...	246,648	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,815	...	...	60	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.8	...	...	41.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	891	...	...	1,137	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	899	...	...	1,035	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	136,285	66,390	69,895	1,755	910	845
No certificate, diploma or degree	27,335	13,910	13,425	335	185	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	35,640	16,760	18,875	635	330	305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	73,310	35,715	37,590	790	395	390
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,360	8,805	2,555	210	170	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,615	3,970	1,645	70	55	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,740	4,825	910	135	120	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	37,390	16,390	21,000	440	175	270
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,620	680	940	30	15	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	22,945	9,850	13,095	105	40	65
Bachelor's degree	16,240	6,490	9,755	85	35	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,735	780	955	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	720	445	270	10	10	0
Master's degree	3,540	1,655	1,885	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	705	475	230	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	88,335	43,540	44,795	1,125	590	540
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,640	5,465	4,185	135	85	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,795	10,705	11,090	410	215	200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	56,900	27,375	29,520	580	290	285
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,635	6,005	1,630	170	140	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,765	2,700	1,070	55	35	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,865	3,305	565	120	100	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	30,210	13,440	16,770	325	125	195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,135	500	630	10	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	17,925	7,440	10,485	75	20	55
Bachelor's degree	12,670	5,015	7,660	55	15	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,255	515	740	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	620	350	270	0	10	0
Master's degree	2,855	1,240	1,620	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	525	320	205	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	136,285	66,390	69,890	1,755	915	840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	62,975	30,675	32,305	965	520	450
Education	4,290	1,040	3,250	50	15	35
13. Education	4,290	1,040	3,250	50	10	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,375	655	720	15	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	340	235	105	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,035	425	615	10	10	10
Humanities	2,840	1,075	1,765	20	0	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	270	25	245	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	640	170	465	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	695	260	435	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	25	10	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	265	110	155	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	170	100	70	10	0	10
54. History	580	365	215	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	195	40	160	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,155	2,475	5,675	95	25	70
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	125	40	90	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	855	260	595	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,935	175	1,760	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	1,530	575	955	0	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	200	40	160	10	0	10
42. Psychology	1,305	230	1,075	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	2,205	1,160	1,045	25	20	10
Business, management and public administration	12,570	3,735	8,835	115	30	85
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	25	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,135	385	1,745	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,405	3,340	7,065	105	30	70
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,820	1,545	1,270	40	10	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,115	420	700	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	290	130	160	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	0	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,190	900	290	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	195	100	100	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,785	1,045	740	15	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,345	890	455	15	0	0
25. Library science	145	15	130	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	260	115	150	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	19,570	18,435	1,135	245	220	25
04. Architecture and related services	255	190	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,905	1,655	245	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	5,835	5,260	570	40	35	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,395	3,320	80	90	80	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	5,675	5,570	105	65	60	0
48. Precision production	2,505	2,445	60	55	45	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,090	695	395	25	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	360	170	190	20	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	730	525	205	10	10	10
Health and related fields	13,380	2,200	11,185	100	20	80
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	940	470	470	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	12,145	1,540	10,605	85	15	75
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	295	185	110	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,425	2,815	2,610	70	35	35
12. Personal and culinary services	2,570	675	1,895	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,645	995	650	30	20	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,175	1,115	70	20	20	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	88,335	43,545	44,795	1,130	590	535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	31,440	16,165	15,275	550	295	255
Education	2,795	635	2,165	20	0	25
13. Education	2,800	635	2,165	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	260	175	80	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	840	360	475	0	0	0
Humanities	2,015	735	1,285	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	225	15	205	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	435	110	325	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	545	210	335	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	155	55	95	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	115	75	40	0	0	0
54. History	405	240	165	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	120	15	105	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,720	1,960	4,760	70	20	55
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	95	35	65	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	760	245	510	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,615	150	1,460	45	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	1,310	450	860	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	185	40	140	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,075	175	895	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,685	860	825	15	10	0
Business, management and public administration	10,145	2,925	7,220	90	20	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,830	340	1,490	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,285	2,580	5,705	85	25	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,175	1,160	1,020	30	0	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	860	335	525	10	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	210	75	130	0	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	920	665	260	0	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	160	80	85	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,545	900	645	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,190	780	405	0	0	10
25. Library science	125	10	110	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	200	85	115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	14,875	13,945	935	210	190	20
04. Architecture and related services	220	160	60	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,495	1,290	205	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,495	4,015	480	35	35	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,410	2,355	55	75	70	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,385	4,315	75	55	55	0
48. Precision production	1,865	1,810	55	35	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	915	565	345	15	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	315	145	170	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	600	425	175	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10,325	1,755	8,570	75	20	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	690	355	340	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	9,360	1,240	8,120	70	15	50
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	275	160	110	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,290	2,265	2,020	45	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,960	520	1,440	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,380	845	535	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	940	890	50	20	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	136,285	66,390	69,890	1,755	915	840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	62,975	30,675	32,300	965	520	450
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	73,305	35,715	37,595	785	395	390
Location of study inside Canada	70,200	34,070	36,135	765	380	385
Same as province or territory of residence	67,305	32,555	34,740	710	355	365
Different than province or territory of residence	2,900	1,510	1,390	50	30	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,105	1,650	1,455	25	15	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	785	445	335	10	0	0
Philippines	155	65	90	0	0	0
India	320	155	165	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	415	230	190	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	20	45	0	0	0
France	40	25	15	0	0	0
Other	1,335	715	620	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	88,340	43,545	44,795	1,130	590	540
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,440	16,165	15,275	550	300	250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	56,900	27,380	29,520	575	290	285
Location of study inside Canada	54,835	26,360	28,475	570	285	285
Same as province or territory of residence	52,760	25,290	27,470	530	275	260
Different than province or territory of residence	2,075	1,070	1,005	35	15	20
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,060	1,020	1,045	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	515	275	240	0	0	0
Philippines	120	45	70	0	0	0
India	265	130	135	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	215	115	100	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	55	15	40	0	0	0
France	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other	870	420	450	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	136,280	66,390	69,895	1,755	915	840
In the labour force	85,235	43,850	41,385	995	550	445
Employed	78,110	39,640	38,470	925	510	415
Unemployed	7,130	4,215	2,915	70	40	30
Not in the labour force	51,045	22,535	28,510	760	360	395
Participation rate	62.5	66.0	59.2	56.7	60.1	53.0
Employment rate	57.3	59.7	55.0	52.7	55.7	49.4
Unemployment rate	8.4	9.6	7.0	7.0	7.3	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	136,285	66,390	69,890	1,755	915	845
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	47,600	20,640	26,965	690	335	355
Worked	88,680	45,750	42,925	1,065	580	490
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	46,190	25,710	20,475	560	350	205
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	42,490	20,040	22,455	505	225	280
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.1	42.7	43.3	45.0	41.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	85,235	43,855	41,385	995	545	445
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,815	920	900	10	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	83,420	42,935	40,485	985	540	440
Employee	76,925	38,920	38,005	820	425	390
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,495	4,010	2,485	170	115	55
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	85,235	43,855	41,385	995	545	445
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,815	920	895	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	83,420	42,935	40,490	985	545	445
0 Management occupations	7,555	4,635	2,920	115	95	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	13,150	3,145	10,005	125	15	110
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,680	3,695	980	30	30	0
3 Health occupations	7,290	1,315	5,980	45	10	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,860	2,945	6,915	105	25	80
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,595	670	925	20	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	19,850	8,205	11,645	195	65	130
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	13,790	13,150	645	225	210	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,070	3,855	210	30	25	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,580	1,315	265	95	65	30
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	85,235	43,850	41,385	995	550	445
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,820	920	895	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	83,420	42,935	40,485	985	545	445
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	500	330	180	75	55	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	6,830	6,235	595	15	10	0
22 Utilities	490	330	160	35	25	10
23 Construction	6,140	5,390	750	105	95	15
31-33 Manufacturing	3,760	3,190	565	125	85	45
41 Wholesale trade	2,685	2,140	545	20	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	10,400	4,930	5,470	140	65	70
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,395	2,635	765	45	35	15
51 Information and cultural industries	1,215	635	580	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,235	805	1,435	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,375	815	560	10	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,935	2,020	1,910	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	55	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,560	2,040	1,520	50	35	10
61 Educational services	7,055	2,170	4,885	95	25	70
62 Health care and social assistance	12,310	1,915	10,400	130	20	105
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,350	630	720	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	6,030	2,330	3,695	50	20	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,535	1,760	1,775	50	25	20
91 Public administration	6,520	2,580	3,940	25	15	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	78,110	39,640	38,470	925	510	415
Worked at home	3,255	1,450	1,805	115	70	45
Worked outside Canada	115	80	30	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	8,510	6,410	2,100	110	105	0
Worked at usual place	66,235	31,700	34,535	695	335	365
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	66,230	31,695	34,535	695	335	365
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	63,225	29,825	33,400	165	90	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	100	45	60	455	190	265
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,685	1,630	1,055	75	55	15
Commute to a different province or territory	220	200	25	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	74,740	38,105	36,635	805	435	370
Car, truck, van - as a driver	61,830	32,420	29,410	730	395	335
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,630	1,845	2,785	40	30	15
Public transit	3,635	1,500	2,135	10	0	10
Walked	3,355	1,460	1,895	25	15	10
Bicycle	320	225	90	0	0	0
Other method	975	650	325	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	74,740	38,105	36,635	805	435	365
Less than 15 minutes	24,895	11,510	13,380	240	100	140
15 to 29 minutes	31,045	15,475	15,570	175	115	65
30 to 44 minutes	12,410	6,885	5,530	140	80	55
45 to 59 minutes	3,825	2,410	1,420	140	55	75
60 minutes and over	2,560	1,830	730	120	85	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	74,740	38,105	36,635	805	435	365
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,910	4,815	1,095	120	100	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	14,790	9,030	5,770	130	55	70
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	21,425	10,385	11,040	215	95	120
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,665	5,425	9,235	125	55	70
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,230	2,350	3,880	45	25	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	11,720	6,095	5,620	165	100	70
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	91,155	46,945	44,210	1,125	620	505
Single responses	88,210	45,825	42,390	1,125	625	500
Official languages	88,060	45,745	42,320	1,125	625	500
English	83,815	44,595	39,225	1,120	620	500
French	4,240	1,150	3,090	0	0	0
Non-official languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	150	80	70	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	55	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	25	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	20	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,945	1,120	1,820	0	0	0
English and French	2,815	1,055	1,760	0	0	0
English and non-official language	100	45	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	91,160	46,945	44,210	1,125	620	505
None	72,080	38,485	33,595	1,115	620	495
English	2,535	755	1,780	0	0	0
French	16,020	7,410	8,610	10	0	10
Non-official language	460	255	200	10	0	0
Aboriginal	55	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	400	230	170	0	0	10
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	20	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	25	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	160,160	78,680	81,480	2,065	1,090	975
Non-movers	141,795	69,865	71,935	1,910	995	910
Movers	18,360	8,815	9,545	155	90	65
Non-migrants	14,035	6,655	7,375	55	30	25
Migrants	4,330	2,165	2,165	110	70	40
Internal migrants	3,915	1,900	2,010	105	65	40
Intraprovincial migrants	3,410	1,650	1,760	100	65	40
Interprovincial migrants	505	250	250	0	10	0
External migrants	415	260	155	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	153,525	75,220	78,305	1,980	1,045	935
Non-movers	100,355	49,415	50,940	1,515	790	725
Movers	53,175	25,805	27,365	465	250	210
Non-migrants	39,720	19,220	20,500	160	100	65
Migrants	13,455	6,585	6,865	300	160	145
Internal migrants	12,050	5,865	6,185	300	160	145
Intraprovincial migrants	10,515	5,020	5,500	295	155	140
Interprovincial migrants	1,530	850	685	10	0	10
External migrants	1,405	720	685	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Greater Sudbury [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Madoc, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Greater Sudbury [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Madoc, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Greater Sudbury [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Madoc, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Greater Sudbury [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Madoc, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario