Census Profile, 2016 Census
British Columbia [Province] and Winnipeg [Census metropolitan area], Manitoba

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	British Columbia [Province]			Winnipeg Manitoba [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , British Columbia [Province]  Map : British Columbia [Province] Change geography 1			Data quality : Winnipeg [Census metropolitan area], Manitoba  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	4,648,055	...	...	778,489	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	4,400,057	...	...	730,018	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,063,417	...	...	321,484	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,881,969	...	...	306,550	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.0	...	...	146.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	922,503.01	...	...	5,306.79	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	4,648,055	2,278,245	2,369,815	778,490	381,860	396,635
0 to 14 years	691,390	355,400	335,985	132,825	68,210	64,610
0 to 4 years	220,625	113,355	107,275	43,365	22,415	20,955
5 to 9 years	236,900	122,070	114,830	45,055	22,895	22,165
10 to 14 years	233,860	119,975	113,885	44,400	22,905	21,495
15 to 64 years	3,107,680	1,527,280	1,580,400	525,585	261,455	264,130
15 to 19 years	258,980	133,000	125,985	48,285	24,980	23,300
20 to 24 years	287,560	147,615	139,945	55,085	28,180	26,910
25 to 29 years	303,000	151,585	151,415	55,695	27,985	27,710
30 to 34 years	313,750	155,035	158,715	54,965	27,175	27,795
35 to 39 years	293,590	143,070	150,520	52,505	25,690	26,810
40 to 44 years	295,045	141,930	153,115	50,730	25,130	25,600
45 to 49 years	322,365	155,325	167,040	50,645	24,910	25,730
50 to 54 years	354,375	172,065	182,310	56,590	28,035	28,560
55 to 59 years	354,925	171,210	183,715	54,025	26,690	27,340
60 to 64 years	324,095	156,450	167,645	47,050	22,675	24,375
65 years and over	848,985	395,560	453,425	120,085	52,190	67,890
65 to 69 years	287,520	139,490	148,035	39,455	18,580	20,875
70 to 74 years	201,785	97,675	104,110	27,385	12,730	14,650
75 to 79 years	145,225	68,715	76,510	19,780	8,700	11,080
80 to 84 years	105,255	48,645	56,610	15,520	6,395	9,130
85 years and over	109,190	41,035	68,155	17,945	5,780	12,160
85 to 89 years	67,510	27,930	39,575	10,710	3,845	6,860
90 to 94 years	31,815	10,615	21,205	5,495	1,590	3,905
95 to 99 years	8,545	2,215	6,330	1,490	315	1,175
100 years and over	1,325	275	1,050	255	30	220
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	15.6	14.2	17.1	17.9	16.3
15 to 64 years	66.9	67.0	66.7	67.5	68.5	66.6
65 years and over	18.3	17.4	19.1	15.4	13.7	17.1
85 years and over	2.3	1.8	2.9	2.3	1.5	3.1
Average age of the population	42.3	41.5	43.1	39.8	38.7	41.0
Median age of the population	43.0	41.9	44.0	39.0	37.7	40.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
Single-detached house	830,660	...	...	190,205	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	177,830	...	...	36,875	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	824,190	...	...	77,970	...	...
Semi-detached house	57,395	...	...	10,810	...	...
Row house	147,830	...	...	10,265	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	230,075	...	...	5,120	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	385,140	...	...	51,420	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,755	...	...	355	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	49,290	...	...	1,490	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
1 person	541,910	...	...	88,405	...	...
2 persons	663,770	...	...	99,660	...	...
3 persons	277,690	...	...	46,835	...	...
4 persons	243,125	...	...	43,310	...	...
5 or more persons	155,470	...	...	28,335	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,560,240	...	...	761,540	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	3,956,665	1,922,840	2,033,825	645,670	313,645	332,020
Married or living common law	2,297,325	1,146,175	1,151,150	358,345	179,185	179,160
Married	1,925,345	959,690	965,645	304,545	152,295	152,250
Living common law	371,985	186,485	185,505	53,800	26,890	26,915
Not married and not living common law	1,659,335	776,660	882,675	287,320	134,465	152,860
Never married	1,076,085	582,975	493,110	196,725	105,145	91,585
Separated	105,700	45,225	60,475	16,210	7,025	9,190
Divorced	263,870	103,475	160,395	37,825	14,820	23,005
Widowed	213,685	44,990	168,700	36,560	7,480	29,085
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,311,340	...	...	211,135	...	...
2 persons	703,685	...	...	102,295	...	...
3 persons	275,965	...	...	46,590	...	...
4 persons	243,960	...	...	42,590	...	...
5 or more persons	87,730	...	...	19,660	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,311,345	...	...	211,135	...	...
Total couple families	1,113,405	...	...	174,185	...	...
Married couples	927,440	...	...	147,290	...	...
Common-law couples	185,960	...	...	26,895	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	197,940	...	...	36,950	...	...
Female parent	155,670	...	...	29,245	...	...
Male parent	42,265	...	...	7,710	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,113,400	...	...	174,180	...	...
Couples without children	577,790	...	...	79,880	...	...
Couples with children	535,610	...	...	94,300	...	...
1 child	221,065	...	...	36,470	...	...
2 children	230,705	...	...	39,605	...	...
3 or more children	83,840	...	...	18,225	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	197,940	...	...	36,950	...	...
1 child	125,890	...	...	22,415	...	...
2 children	54,900	...	...	10,115	...	...
3 or more children	17,145	...	...	4,420	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	882,895	418,495	464,405	140,800	67,990	72,810
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
One-census-family households	1,195,735	...	...	197,550	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	527,700	...	...	75,445	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	668,035	...	...	122,100	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	55,620	...	...	6,590	...	...
Non-census-family households	630,620	...	...	102,410	...	...
One-person households	541,915	...	...	88,405	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	88,705	...	...	14,005	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015	768,685	377,845	390,840
English only	4,127,770	2,050,130	2,077,645	676,420	336,685	339,740
French only	1,810	820	985	1,085	490	590
English and French	314,925	140,650	174,275	79,820	35,800	44,020
Neither English nor French	153,910	63,795	90,115	11,360	4,875	6,490
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,020	768,685	377,845	390,840
English	4,373,330	2,156,680	2,216,655	728,370	359,355	369,020
French	55,325	27,680	27,640	26,295	12,320	13,980
English and French	18,000	8,315	9,685	2,965	1,465	1,505
Neither English nor French	151,760	62,720	89,040	11,045	4,705	6,345
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	64,325	31,840	32,480	27,785	13,050	14,725
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.4	1.4	1.4	3.6	3.5	3.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015	768,690	377,845	390,840
Single responses	4,494,995	2,205,775	2,289,220	745,035	366,395	378,635
Official languages	3,227,535	1,614,375	1,613,160	557,280	276,215	281,060
English	3,170,110	1,585,760	1,584,355	530,570	263,720	266,850
French	57,425	28,615	28,810	26,710	12,495	14,215
Non-official languages	1,267,460	591,400	676,060	187,755	90,185	97,575
Aboriginal languages	8,435	3,940	4,490	3,660	1,430	2,230
Algonquian languages	1,050	445	605	3,485	1,370	2,115
Blackfoot	40	5	35	5	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	840	375	465	1,140	430	710
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	0	5	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	10	15	5	10
Plains Cree	150	60	85	40	20	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swampy Cree	25	15	10	330	130	205
Woods Cree	60	25	35	30	10	20
Cree, n.o.s.	585	270	320	720	270	450
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	5	10	5	5	0
Malecite	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	5	5	10	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	155	55	105	2,340	935	1,405
Algonquin	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	135	50	90	1,640	660	985
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	695	280	415
Ottawa (Odawa)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	2,310	1,045	1,260	45	10	35
Northern Athabaskan languages	2,295	1,045	1,250	45	10	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	55	0	0	0
Beaver	160	75	85	0	0	0
Carrier	1,005	460	550	0	0	0
Chilcotin	650	295	355	0	0	0
Dene	90	35	50	45	15	35
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sekani	85	40	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	5	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	20	5	15	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	105	45	50	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tahltan	90	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	5	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haida	70	30	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	80	30	55	55	15	40
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	5	0	0
Inuktitut	50	20	30	45	15	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	15	0	5
Iroquoian languages	15	10	5	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	100	55	50	0	0	0
Michif	35	20	10	25	10	10
Salish languages	2,270	1,115	1,155	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	230	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	160	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	435	220	215	0	0	0
Squamish	35	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	330	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	250	130	120	0	0	0
Siouan languages	45	25	20	35	10	20
Dakota	30	15	20	30	15	25
Stoney	0	0	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,460	715	740	0	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	875	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	385	195	190	0	0	0
Tsimshian	195	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	795	365	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	55	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	100	45	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	320	140	180	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	275	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	5	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	190	80	110	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,259,025	587,455	671,570	184,090	88,750	95,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	24,870	13,405	11,465	9,890	5,110	4,770
Berber languages	115	75	45	35	25	15
Kabyle	40	30	15	30	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	80	45	30	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	1,505	765	740	1,690	835	855
Bilen	5	0	0	125	70	55
Oromo	205	115	95	330	165	165
Somali	1,270	640	640	1,225	600	630
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	10	10	0
Semitic languages	23,195	12,540	10,655	8,100	4,225	3,880
Amharic	1,370	670	700	1,520	750	770
Arabic	17,480	9,595	7,890	4,310	2,285	2,020
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	650	315	330	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	440	245	200	0	5	0
Harari	20	5	15	0	0	0
Hebrew	2,065	1,125	940	525	305	215
Maltese	215	100	115	35	15	20
Tigrigna	805	395	405	1,700	860	840
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	150	80	65	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	60	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	28,740	13,170	15,575	4,030	1,900	2,130
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,560	710	850	265	125	135
Vietnamese	27,150	12,440	14,710	3,760	1,770	1,990
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	5	0
Austronesian languages	96,535	38,765	57,770	48,405	22,440	25,960
Bikol	375	165	215	155	65	85
Cebuano	4,065	1,565	2,505	935	420	515
Fijian	470	240	230	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	1,470	550	920	355	155	205
Ilocano	5,240	2,055	3,190	1,285	595	685
Malagasy	20	10	15	5	0	0
Malay	3,895	1,675	2,220	155	60	90
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	700	320	380	610	290	315
Pangasinan	295	130	170	130	60	65
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	78,770	31,550	47,220	44,595	20,695	23,900
Waray-Waray	215	85	135	45	25	25
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	435	580	130	60	70
Creole languages	840	440	400	440	200	235
Haitian Creole	35	20	15	20	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	500	255	245	185	90	90
Creole languages, n.i.e.	305	155	145	240	105	135
Dravidian languages	7,500	3,995	3,510	1,170	610	560
Kannada	280	150	135	80	45	40
Malayalam	2,385	1,260	1,130	525	265	255
Tamil	3,615	1,875	1,740	410	210	200
Telugu	1,175	695	480	150	85	65
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	5	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	140	75	70	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	588,175	286,135	302,035	92,835	45,110	47,720
Albanian	1,465	765	705	305	155	150
Armenian	1,195	600	600	60	35	30
Balto-Slavic languages	83,110	38,595	44,515	24,240	10,965	13,275
Baltic languages	1,070	485	585	115	50	65
Latvian	565	255	300	50	20	25
Lithuanian	505	225	280	70	30	40
Slavic languages	82,040	38,110	43,930	24,120	10,915	13,210
Belarusan	95	45	50	35	15	20
Bosnian	1,360	675	685	560	280	275
Bulgarian	2,025	955	1,070	130	65	65
Croatian	7,475	3,655	3,820	930	445	485
Czech	5,920	2,850	3,070	475	240	240
Macedonian	325	160	165	135	65	75
Polish	16,910	7,875	9,035	5,585	2,495	3,095
Russian	25,955	11,640	14,310	5,970	2,890	3,085
Serbian	7,045	3,600	3,450	625	320	305
Serbo-Croatian	1,395	670	725	235	110	125
Slovak	3,400	1,525	1,870	345	145	195
Slovene (Slovenian)	1,160	545	615	240	110	135
Ukrainian	8,630	3,730	4,900	8,785	3,705	5,080
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	345	175	170	65	35	30
Celtic languages	615	325	290	60	35	20
Scottish Gaelic	240	130	110	30	15	10
Welsh	280	145	135	25	15	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	5	5	5
Germanic languages	101,725	48,350	53,380	20,225	9,270	10,950
Afrikaans	3,260	1,655	1,610	175	90	85
Danish	4,665	2,280	2,385	190	90	95
Dutch	21,020	10,130	10,895	1,465	715	745
Frisian	295	145	145	30	15	10
German	66,885	31,525	35,360	17,595	8,010	9,580
Icelandic	275	135	145	155	55	100
Norwegian	2,005	970	1,035	60	25	30
Swedish	2,520	1,100	1,420	100	45	60
Vlaams (Flemish)	445	220	225	115	50	70
Yiddish	290	150	140	345	170	175
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	65	45	25	5	0	0
Greek	6,115	3,245	2,870	1,190	605	585
Indo-Iranian languages	297,800	147,830	149,970	29,640	15,650	13,990
Indo-Aryan languages	251,000	124,260	126,740	26,975	14,305	12,670
Bengali	3,180	1,665	1,510	1,105	635	470
Gujarati	6,895	3,290	3,605	2,075	1,085	990
Hindi	26,720	12,910	13,810	2,080	1,105	975
Kashmiri	65	35	25	5	5	0
Konkani	255	130	125	25	15	10
Marathi	620	325	295	100	65	45
Nepali	1,155	620	540	710	350	360
Oriya (Odia)	70	35	35	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	198,805	98,525	100,285	17,435	9,175	8,260
Sindhi	1,675	780	895	50	25	20
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,675	845	830	625	325	305
Urdu	9,885	5,090	4,795	2,750	1,520	1,230
Iranian languages	46,390	23,355	23,035	2,565	1,290	1,275
Kurdish	1,765	945	825	395	205	190
Pashto	1,155	615	535	245	105	140
Persian (Farsi)	43,470	21,795	21,675	1,930	980	955
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	410	220	195	95	55	40
Italic (Romance) languages	96,135	46,430	49,710	17,120	8,400	8,720
Catalan	160	85	75	0	0	5
Italian	22,680	11,445	11,230	3,600	1,770	1,830
Portuguese	17,450	8,240	9,210	6,095	2,955	3,140
Romanian	8,730	4,250	4,480	565	270	295
Spanish	47,010	22,335	24,675	6,845	3,400	3,450
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	105	65	40	15	5	5
Japanese	21,350	7,195	14,150	490	170	320
Kartvelian languages	85	50	35	15	10	10
Georgian	85	50	40	15	10	5
Korean	52,160	23,495	28,670	3,290	1,570	1,720
Mongolic languages	360	150	205	20	5	15
Mongolian	360	155	210	20	5	15
Niger-Congo languages	3,725	1,875	1,850	3,525	1,765	1,760
Akan (Twi)	495	275	220	130	75	55
Bamanankan	10	5	5	70	25	45
Edo	85	50	35	35	20	15
Ewe	85	45	35	25	20	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	45	25	20	60	30	30
Ga	45	20	25	15	10	5
Ganda	90	45	45	45	15	25
Igbo	245	145	105	270	145	125
Lingala	80	30	45	70	35	40
Rundi (Kirundi)	115	50	60	120	60	65
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	155	70	80	235	120	115
Shona	215	100	115	85	40	50
Swahili	805	400	405	825	395	430
Wolof	50	25	25	75	50	25
Yoruba	330	185	150	875	445	435
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	885	410	480	585	285	300
Nilo-Saharan languages	340	175	165	380	205	175
Dinka	105	60	45	170	90	80
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	240	115	125	210	115	95
Sign languages	1,155	610	545	325	180	150
American Sign Language	470	230	240	185	105	80
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	690	380	305	140	75	65
Sino-Tibetan languages	410,920	187,725	223,190	16,690	8,235	8,455
Chinese languages	408,415	186,455	221,960	16,130	7,955	8,175
Cantonese	193,530	89,325	104,210	6,090	2,880	3,205
Hakka	2,325	1,010	1,315	55	25	30
Mandarin	186,325	84,370	101,955	8,820	4,445	4,375
Min Dong	230	105	120	5	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,210	4,995	6,215	310	150	160
Wu (Shanghainese)	4,540	1,995	2,545	100	50	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	10,050	4,570	5,480	750	400	350
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	205	85	120	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,500	1,265	1,230	560	280	280
Burmese	1,125	580	545	85	55	30
Karenic languages	815	395	425	415	205	210
Tibetan	330	175	160	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	230	120	110	55	20	35
Tai-Kadai languages	3,985	1,335	2,650	1,030	485	545
Lao	1,100	550	550	815	415	405
Thai	2,865	775	2,090	210	70	135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	20	10	15	5	5	0
Turkic languages	4,140	2,295	1,845	310	165	145
Azerbaijani	530	290	235	35	20	10
Turkish	3,145	1,790	1,360	195	105	90
Uyghur	170	85	85	10	5	5
Uzbek	105	50	55	40	25	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	190	80	110	35	15	15
Uralic languages	13,490	6,285	7,205	1,135	505	625
Estonian	705	295	410	30	15	15
Finnish	3,760	1,555	2,200	135	50	80
Hungarian	9,025	4,435	4,590	970	440	525
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	500	280	225	125	65	55
Multiple responses	103,415	49,625	53,795	23,655	11,445	12,205
English and French	10,065	4,815	5,250	3,125	1,520	1,605
English and non-official language	89,135	42,820	46,315	19,545	9,410	10,130
French and non-official language	2,100	1,040	1,065	595	325	265
English, French and non-official language	2,115	950	1,165	400	190	210
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015	768,690	377,845	390,840
Single responses	4,365,875	2,145,020	2,220,855	718,000	353,420	364,575
Official languages	3,648,500	1,807,825	1,840,675	623,780	307,285	316,500
English	3,631,700	1,799,625	1,832,075	612,595	302,255	310,335
French	16,795	8,195	8,605	11,185	5,030	6,155
Non-official languages	717,375	337,200	380,180	94,215	46,135	48,085
Aboriginal languages	1,565	765	795	935	400	535
Algonquian languages	105	50	55	910	390	520
Blackfoot	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	85	40	45	255	105	150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Plains Cree	15	10	10	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	50	20	25
Woods Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	60	30	30	200	80	120
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	655	290	365
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	5	370	160	210
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	285	125	155
Ottawa (Odawa)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	610	290	320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	605	290	315	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	40	20	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	110	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	260	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	15	5	10	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	5	10	5	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	5	10	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	10	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	5
Salish languages	275	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	15	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	50	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Straits	25	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Dakota	10	10	5	5	0	0
Stoney	5	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	405	215	195	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	310	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	45	25	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	45	15	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	715,815	336,435	379,380	93,285	45,735	47,545
Afro-Asiatic languages	13,990	7,065	6,920	6,335	3,175	3,165
Berber languages	45	25	20	15	15	5
Kabyle	20	10	15	15	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	770	355	415	1,140	525	620
Bilen	0	0	0	95	50	45
Oromo	90	50	45	205	95	115
Somali	665	300	360	830	380	455
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	10	5	0
Semitic languages	13,155	6,680	6,475	5,160	2,630	2,530
Amharic	600	275	320	875	430	445
Arabic	10,415	5,335	5,080	2,850	1,460	1,390
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	405	195	210	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	310	165	145	0	0	0
Harari	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	900	465	440	340	185	155
Maltese	15	5	10	5	5	5
Tigrigna	410	190	225	1,080	545	540
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	50	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	17,870	8,305	9,560	2,805	1,320	1,480
Khmer (Cambodian)	800	375	420	125	55	70
Vietnamese	17,055	7,920	9,130	2,675	1,270	1,410
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40,605	17,945	22,660	24,775	11,745	13,030
Bikol	75	30	35	30	15	15
Cebuano	1,305	585	715	345	170	180
Fijian	110	65	55	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	415	175	240	125	55	70
Ilocano	1,615	695	930	370	180	195
Malagasy	10	5	10	0	0	0
Malay	1,120	510	605	50	20	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	150	70	80	230	110	125
Pangasinan	55	25	30	30	15	15
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35,375	15,600	19,770	23,565	11,170	12,395
Waray-Waray	55	25	35	10	5	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	310	150	160	20	10	10
Creole languages	335	150	180	195	85	115
Haitian Creole	0	0	5	10	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	235	105	130	90	45	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	100	35	65
Dravidian languages	3,940	1,995	1,940	580	280	295
Kannada	110	55	60	40	20	20
Malayalam	1,225	615	605	260	120	130
Tamil	2,055	1,025	1,030	205	100	105
Telugu	535	295	240	75	40	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	282,090	137,135	144,955	40,965	20,440	20,530
Albanian	695	335	360	150	75	75
Armenian	545	240	305	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	31,640	15,150	16,490	8,860	4,255	4,610
Baltic languages	210	90	115	15	5	5
Latvian	80	30	50	10	0	5
Lithuanian	125	60	65	5	0	0
Slavic languages	31,430	15,060	16,370	8,845	4,245	4,600
Belarusan	15	5	5	0	0	5
Bosnian	595	300	300	280	145	140
Bulgarian	1,035	485	550	60	35	30
Croatian	2,235	1,055	1,180	295	130	165
Czech	1,595	800	795	105	50	55
Macedonian	150	75	75	80	35	45
Polish	5,690	2,720	2,970	1,855	835	1,020
Russian	13,310	6,290	7,020	3,805	1,895	1,910
Serbian	3,695	1,870	1,825	330	165	160
Serbo-Croatian	500	235	265	90	40	50
Slovak	1,000	480	520	70	35	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	145	65	85	55	20	35
Ukrainian	1,430	665	765	1,810	865	950
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	10	10	5
Celtic languages	70	40	30	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	35	20	10	5	5	5
Welsh	25	10	10	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	14,430	6,870	7,555	3,195	1,505	1,690
Afrikaans	1,475	715	760	65	30	30
Danish	305	145	160	10	5	5
Dutch	1,895	890	1,005	80	35	45
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	10,085	4,795	5,295	3,000	1,410	1,590
Icelandic	75	35	35	10	5	5
Norwegian	140	60	80	0	0	0
Swedish	360	170	195	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	50	30	20	10	5	5
Yiddish	10	10	5	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	2,010	975	1,035	490	225	270
Indo-Iranian languages	194,590	95,380	99,215	20,930	10,910	10,020
Indo-Aryan languages	164,185	80,610	83,575	19,205	10,085	9,120
Bengali	1,815	895	920	660	375	290
Gujarati	2,970	1,320	1,645	1,325	675	650
Hindi	12,310	5,890	6,425	1,200	640	560
Kashmiri	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	40	25	25	5	5	5
Marathi	270	140	130	30	15	15
Nepali	665	345	320	535	260	275
Oriya (Odia)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	139,080	68,565	70,515	13,375	6,995	6,380
Sindhi	615	270	345	25	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	675	330	340	340	180	160
Urdu	5,705	2,825	2,880	1,700	925	770
Iranian languages	30,205	14,665	15,540	1,685	800	885
Kurdish	1,080	540	535	255	130	130
Pashto	700	350	350	155	65	90
Persian (Farsi)	28,420	13,765	14,660	1,270	610	665
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	200	100	100	45	25	20
Italic (Romance) languages	38,110	18,145	19,970	7,315	3,455	3,860
Catalan	65	35	35	0	0	0
Italian	5,200	2,245	2,955	1,005	435	575
Portuguese	6,725	3,140	3,580	2,680	1,245	1,435
Romanian	3,800	1,830	1,970	215	100	115
Spanish	22,310	10,900	11,410	3,410	1,675	1,735
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Japanese	9,860	4,070	5,790	160	65	100
Kartvelian languages	30	15	10	5	5	5
Georgian	30	15	15	5	5	5
Korean	38,605	17,785	20,820	2,550	1,240	1,310
Mongolic languages	170	80	90	5	0	0
Mongolian	165	80	85	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	960	430	530	1,280	635	650
Akan (Twi)	150	80	65	45	25	15
Bamanankan	5	5	5	10	5	10
Edo	15	10	10	5	5	0
Ewe	20	5	10	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	5	10	35	20	15
Ga	5	5	0	5	0	0
Ganda	10	5	5	5	0	0
Igbo	40	20	15	75	40	35
Lingala	35	15	20	45	20	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	20	40	55	30	30
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	60	25	35	100	50	45
Shona	65	25	40	10	0	5
Swahili	200	90	115	470	225	245
Wolof	20	10	10	30	15	10
Yoruba	60	30	35	285	150	140
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	200	85	120	105	40	70
Nilo-Saharan languages	140	60	75	130	60	65
Dinka	55	30	20	75	30	45
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	85	30	55	50	30	25
Sign languages	1,535	850	685	415	225	190
American Sign Language	455	230	225	205	110	95
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,080	615	460	210	115	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	299,420	137,555	161,865	12,160	6,030	6,130
Chinese languages	297,675	136,670	161,000	11,710	5,800	5,910
Cantonese	137,075	62,545	74,525	4,065	1,910	2,155
Hakka	700	295	410	30	15	10
Mandarin	146,435	67,695	78,740	6,915	3,510	3,405
Min Dong	65	25	35	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,820	2,185	2,630	125	60	65
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,595	1,195	1,400	65	30	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,885	2,680	3,205	515	280	235
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	105	45	55	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,745	885	865	450	225	220
Burmese	720	375	350	50	30	25
Karenic languages	725	355	370	355	180	170
Tibetan	205	110	90	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	90	45	45	35	15	25
Tai-Kadai languages	1,380	595	785	500	230	265
Lao	460	225	235	400	195	205
Thai	920	370	545	95	35	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	5	0
Turkic languages	1,695	880	815	120	60	60
Azerbaijani	195	105	95	15	5	5
Turkish	1,310	685	630	60	30	30
Uyghur	95	50	50	0	0	0
Uzbek	45	25	20	30	20	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	15	5	10
Uralic languages	3,005	1,415	1,590	260	120	140
Estonian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Finnish	725	325	400	20	10	5
Hungarian	2,185	1,050	1,130	240	110	135
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	145	70	75	35	15	20
Multiple responses	232,540	110,375	122,165	50,690	24,425	26,265
English and French	6,155	2,970	3,185	2,285	1,055	1,230
English and non-official language	222,670	105,750	116,920	47,260	22,820	24,435
French and non-official language	650	290	360	360	180	185
English, French and non-official language	3,065	1,365	1,700	785	370	415
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015	768,685	377,845	390,840
None	3,931,210	1,940,390	1,990,820	654,490	323,665	330,825
English	274,535	132,990	141,545	47,905	23,390	24,510
French	41,020	18,435	22,590	14,045	6,185	7,860
Non-official language	340,930	158,590	182,345	50,165	23,590	26,575
Aboriginal	7,985	3,765	4,215	2,390	945	1,445
Non-Aboriginal	332,945	154,820	178,125	47,780	22,645	25,130
English and French	1,195	545	650	255	130	125
English and non-official language	5,660	2,655	3,005	1,210	610	600
French and non-official language	3,765	1,745	2,020	595	265	330
English, French and non-official language	100	45	50	20	5	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460	629,380	306,900	322,480
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,727,360	1,815,500	1,911,860	599,255	291,680	307,580
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,012	40,370	27,543	35,706	41,285	31,114
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,600	599,370	291,695	307,675
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,783	35,383	25,659	31,505	35,730	27,981
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,363,310	1,665,225	1,698,085	545,465	270,635	274,825
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,585	39,557	25,304	34,126	40,155	28,743
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,628,215	1,140,195	1,488,025	437,030	189,900	247,135
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,592	3,717	4,920	3,432	1,454	4,584
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715	457,590	234,355	223,235
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,713	39,186	26,034	35,361	40,476	30,826
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605	629,375	306,840	322,535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,727,715	1,815,380	1,912,335	599,220	291,615	307,605
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,616	54,797	36,901	46,029	53,731	38,728
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,732,420	1,819,290	1,913,130	599,370	291,640	307,735
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,922	44,282	31,874	37,458	42,754	32,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,362,835	1,664,850	1,697,985	545,650	270,810	274,835
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,933	54,787	35,271	45,151	53,578	36,847
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,628,230	1,139,390	1,488,840	437,200	189,680	247,520
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,207	7,255	7,171	6,736	6,111	7,215
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,775,010	1,415,100	1,359,910	457,590	234,165	223,430
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,339	52,171	34,149	44,796	52,021	37,224
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605	629,380	306,840	322,530
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,147,070	652,115	494,950	224,065	125,470	98,590
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,940	61,004	47,039	51,884	56,613	46,664
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	64,625	72,840	53,801	62,418	69,207	53,777
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.9	91.7	84.9	89.3	92.6	85.0
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	70.8	74.4	65.8	74.4	77.8	69.9
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.1	8.3	15.1	10.7	7.4	15.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460	629,380	306,900	322,475
Without total income	142,970	67,370	75,600	30,125	15,225	14,900
With total income	3,727,360	1,815,505	1,911,860	599,260	291,675	307,575
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.4	96.2	95.2	95.0	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	573,315	240,120	333,195	82,340	37,410	44,935
$10,000 to $19,999	653,915	262,225	391,685	89,560	35,290	54,270
$20,000 to $29,999	503,290	209,095	294,195	83,305	33,740	49,565
$30,000 to $39,999	424,330	188,860	235,470	77,670	34,765	42,910
$40,000 to $49,999	366,220	173,020	193,200	69,615	33,260	36,350
$50,000 to $59,999	286,310	148,095	138,215	52,825	28,650	24,175
$60,000 to $69,999	222,975	129,400	93,580	38,515	22,325	16,190
$70,000 to $79,999	171,625	103,795	67,830	28,560	16,905	11,650
$80,000 to $89,999	134,090	83,100	50,990	22,770	13,115	9,655
$90,000 to $99,999	96,825	62,825	34,005	14,670	8,745	5,925
$100,000 and over	294,475	214,980	79,500	39,430	27,470	11,955
$100,000 to $149,999	198,355	142,260	56,095	27,325	18,510	8,820
$150,000 and over	96,115	72,715	23,405	12,100	8,965	3,135
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	3,870,330	1,882,870	1,987,460	629,375	306,900	322,475
Without after-tax income	138,350	63,495	74,855	30,005	15,205	14,800
With after-tax income	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,605	599,370	291,695	307,675
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.6	96.2	95.2	95.0	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	597,310	253,480	343,835	85,165	38,010	47,155
$10,000 to $19,999	686,510	280,490	406,015	96,955	38,565	58,395
$20,000 to $29,999	593,490	252,075	341,415	102,365	42,890	59,475
$30,000 to $39,999	495,200	226,080	269,120	97,475	45,310	52,165
$40,000 to $49,999	402,535	200,565	201,965	75,155	39,685	35,470
$50,000 to $59,999	293,450	167,870	125,585	51,260	29,780	21,480
$60,000 to $69,999	210,085	128,000	82,080	35,380	20,580	14,795
$70,000 to $79,999	151,775	95,230	56,545	20,985	12,665	8,320
$80,000 and over	301,635	215,590	86,045	34,635	24,215	10,420
$80,000 to $89,999	94,700	64,330	30,370	11,870	7,855	4,015
$90,000 to $99,999	59,050	42,050	17,000	6,775	4,690	2,080
$100,000 and over	147,885	109,215	38,670	15,990	11,665	4,325
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460	629,375	306,900	322,475
Without employment income	1,095,320	467,570	627,745	171,790	72,545	99,245
With employment income	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715	457,590	234,355	223,230
Percentage with employment income	71.7	75.2	68.4	72.7	76.4	69.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	441,080	204,275	236,810	51,460	24,325	27,135
$5,000 to $9,999	212,715	90,015	122,705	32,565	14,225	18,335
$10,000 to $19,999	371,875	160,350	211,525	58,455	25,895	32,560
$20,000 to $29,999	309,470	135,945	173,525	56,165	25,215	30,955
$30,000 to $39,999	282,045	126,870	155,180	56,145	26,165	29,980
$40,000 to $49,999	253,810	118,870	134,935	50,055	24,635	25,420
$50,000 to $59,999	203,885	107,605	96,280	39,310	22,120	17,185
$60,000 to $69,999	163,740	98,205	65,535	29,150	17,230	11,920
$70,000 to $79,999	132,340	82,120	50,220	22,755	13,730	9,025
$80,000 and over	404,040	291,050	112,990	61,530	40,820	20,710
$80,000 to $89,999	106,680	67,815	38,860	19,080	10,995	8,080
$90,000 to $99,999	76,470	51,990	24,480	11,845	7,400	4,450
$100,000 and over	220,890	171,245	49,645	30,605	22,420	8,180
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,995	...	...	70,795	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,280	...	...	60,846	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	541,915	...	...	88,405	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,701	...	...	37,743	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,899	...	...	32,865	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,340,055	...	...	218,145	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,466	...	...	88,796	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,108	...	...	75,799	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	90,354	...	...	89,975	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	75,209	...	...	73,239	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	541,925	...	...	88,375	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,696	...	...	45,989	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,091	...	...	37,717	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,340,045	...	...	218,175	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	108,010	...	...	107,792	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,816	...	...	87,628	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,881,965	...	...	306,550	...	...
Under $5,000	43,415	...	...	5,810	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	27,140	...	...	5,305	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55,745	...	...	7,030	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	77,565	...	...	10,100	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	78,695	...	...	12,420	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	72,985	...	...	11,105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	78,080	...	...	12,180	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,395	...	...	13,020	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	76,775	...	...	13,145	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	75,860	...	...	13,005	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	143,475	...	...	24,865	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	132,845	...	...	23,555	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	122,350	...	...	21,390	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	111,350	...	...	19,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	99,420	...	...	17,120	...	...
$100,000 and over	607,855	...	...	96,725	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	198,140	...	...	33,710	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	138,420	...	...	22,765	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	149,210	...	...	23,545	...	...
$200,000 and over	122,080	...	...	16,700	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,881,965	...	...	306,550	...	...
Under $5,000	46,350	...	...	6,090	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	27,605	...	...	5,400	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	56,780	...	...	7,285	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80,315	...	...	10,795	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	89,795	...	...	14,335	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	88,035	...	...	13,435	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	93,640	...	...	15,495	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,220	...	...	16,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	91,635	...	...	16,010	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	88,520	...	...	15,605	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	165,685	...	...	30,045	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	150,650	...	...	27,425	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	136,430	...	...	24,195	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	118,520	...	...	20,415	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	101,185	...	...	17,120	...	...
$100,000 and over	454,595	...	...	66,570	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	187,490	...	...	30,470	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	111,260	...	...	16,820	...	...
$150,000 and over	155,845	...	...	19,275	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,276,275	...	...	208,905	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,451	...	...	89,133	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,002	...	...	75,938	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	519,030	...	...	73,625	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,788	...	...	82,985	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,464	...	...	70,288	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	536,175	...	...	94,410	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,736	...	...	111,209	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,176	...	...	93,720	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	179,945	...	...	33,685	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,056	...	...	54,242	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,668	...	...	49,295	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,275,865	...	...	208,930	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,241	...	...	108,708	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,792	...	...	88,180	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	518,295	...	...	73,635	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	100,772	...	...	102,965	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,021	...	...	82,863	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	536,580	...	...	94,590	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,213	...	...	130,703	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,407	...	...	105,152	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	179,615	...	...	33,555	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,004	...	...	64,490	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,655	...	...	55,512	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	768,855	373,390	395,465	117,510	57,540	59,970
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,255	33,342	29,674	33,855	35,603	32,477
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,320	29,815	27,221	30,076	31,120	29,223
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	766,660	371,595	395,060	117,175	57,235	59,935
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	41,666	44,615	38,892	41,559	43,546	39,663
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,191	37,100	33,395	34,379	35,390	33,414
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745	761,540	374,775	386,760
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,265,245	1,078,695	1,186,555	392,740	188,365	204,375
In the bottom decile	537,405	258,275	279,140	81,465	40,040	41,420
In the second decile	449,395	205,320	244,075	72,000	32,640	39,360
In the third decile	420,355	198,845	221,510	77,215	36,505	40,710
In the fourth decile	422,805	203,710	219,095	80,010	38,895	41,120
In the fifth decile	435,290	212,555	222,735	82,050	40,280	41,775
In the top half of the distribution	2,294,990	1,158,795	1,136,195	368,800	186,415	182,385
In the sixth decile	442,070	218,225	223,845	81,670	40,715	40,960
In the seventh decile	451,795	226,240	225,555	80,630	40,555	40,080
In the eighth decile	462,900	233,935	228,970	77,670	39,230	38,440
In the ninth decile	473,535	241,165	232,375	71,375	36,390	34,980
In the top decile	464,685	239,235	225,450	57,455	29,520	27,930
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	4,477,875	2,196,415	2,281,460	761,025	374,510	386,515
0 to 17 years	822,390	422,685	399,710	160,075	82,350	77,720
0 to 5 years	260,110	133,670	126,445	51,880	26,735	25,145
18 to 64 years	2,876,495	1,404,390	1,472,105	491,810	243,330	248,480
65 years and over	778,990	369,345	409,645	109,145	48,830	60,315
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	694,960	325,015	369,940	114,235	54,025	60,210
0 to 17 years	151,880	78,110	73,770	34,470	17,740	16,735
0 to 5 years	46,920	24,035	22,885	12,490	6,470	6,025
18 to 64 years	427,085	198,475	228,615	66,965	31,760	35,205
65 years and over	115,990	48,430	67,560	12,800	4,525	8,280
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.5	14.8	16.2	15.0	14.4	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	18.5	18.5	18.5	21.5	21.5	21.5
0 to 5 years (%)	18.0	18.0	18.1	24.1	24.2	24.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	14.1	15.5	13.6	13.1	14.2
65 years and over (%)	14.9	13.1	16.5	11.7	9.3	13.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	491,645	236,430	255,215	93,730	45,265	48,465
0 to 17 years	99,330	50,890	48,450	26,410	13,545	12,870
0 to 5 years	29,250	14,930	14,315	9,700	4,990	4,710
18 to 64 years	345,345	165,740	179,605	59,450	28,960	30,490
65 years and over	46,965	19,805	27,165	7,870	2,760	5,110
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.0	10.8	11.2	12.3	12.1	12.5
0 to 17 years (%)	12.1	12.0	12.1	16.5	16.4	16.6
0 to 5 years (%)	11.2	11.2	11.3	18.7	18.7	18.7
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	11.8	12.2	12.1	11.9	12.3
65 years and over (%)	6.0	5.4	6.6	7.2	5.7	8.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745	761,540	374,775	386,760
Official languages	4,407,125	2,173,840	2,233,285	750,285	369,845	380,440
English	4,405,380	2,173,040	2,232,340	749,285	369,375	379,910
French	314,225	140,085	174,140	79,850	35,795	44,055
Non-official languages	1,546,550	727,200	819,355	230,480	110,585	119,895
Aboriginal languages	17,190	8,115	9,075	5,810	2,300	3,510
Algonquian languages	1,950	905	1,045	5,560	2,200	3,360
Blackfoot	35	0	35	10	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	1,600	795	805	1,920	755	1,165
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	15	0	10	10	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	10	40	10	30
Plains Cree	345	160	180	105	50	55
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	55	25	30	500	220	285
Woods Cree	80	45	40	55	25	30
Cree, n.o.s.	1,090	560	525	1,220	455	765
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	0	10	0
Malecite	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	15	0	0	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	310	100	205	3,805	1,510	2,295
Algonquin	20	0	15	0	0	10
Ojibway	275	95	180	2,695	1,090	1,610
Oji-Cree	15	0	15	1,105	420	680
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	4,375	2,050	2,330	75	15	60
Northern Athabaskan languages	4,345	2,035	2,315	75	15	65
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	200	100	95	0	0	0
Beaver	255	130	130	0	0	0
Carrier	2,045	940	1,110	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Dene	130	55	80	75	15	60
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	125	60	75	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Slavey	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	45	60	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	290	155	130	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tahltan	250	135	120	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Haida	455	195	255	0	0	0
Inuit languages	170	70	95	55	20	35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	20	10	10	10	0	0
Inuktitut	120	50	70	45	10	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	35	15	25	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	30	10	15	15	10	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	25	10	15	10	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	10
Kutenai	170	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	110	50	60	60	30	30
Salish languages	5,660	2,690	2,970	10	0	0
Comox	185	75	105	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,045	470	570	0	0	10
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	805	360	445	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,280	630	650	0	0	0
Squamish	280	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	440	220	220	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	540	280	260	0	0	0
Siouan languages	55	20	35	40	20	15
Dakota	30	15	15	35	20	15
Stoney	10	10	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tlingit	60	40	20	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,685	1,330	1,350	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,275	635	645	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,035	535	500	0	0	0
Tsimshian	405	180	230	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,460	670	795	10	0	0
Haisla	175	65	105	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	120	50	70	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	590	275	315	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	560	265	295	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	240	105	135	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,529,635	719,190	810,440	224,740	108,315	116,425
Afro-Asiatic languages	35,115	18,585	16,530	14,675	7,695	6,980
Berber languages	145	95	45	75	35	35
Kabyle	65	40	25	50	25	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	80	60	20	35	20	15
Cushitic languages	2,070	955	1,120	2,215	1,140	1,075
Bilen	20	10	15	145	80	70
Oromo	245	140	110	530	270	260
Somali	1,800	815	985	1,535	785	745
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	15	15	0
Semitic languages	33,110	17,660	15,460	12,710	6,710	6,000
Amharic	2,095	1,050	1,045	2,185	1,180	1,005
Arabic	24,230	13,180	11,050	6,110	3,290	2,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	760	370	390	10	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	570	285	285	0	0	0
Harari	55	35	20	10	10	0
Hebrew	5,450	2,805	2,645	3,280	1,680	1,600
Maltese	315	155	155	45	20	25
Tigrigna	1,055	560	495	2,125	1,110	1,020
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	300	160	140	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	170	85	85	125	60	65
Austro-Asiatic languages	35,915	17,130	18,785	5,020	2,435	2,585
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,875	850	1,020	320	180	140
Vietnamese	34,140	16,295	17,840	4,710	2,275	2,440
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	125,425	51,215	74,210	59,680	27,490	32,195
Bikol	530	215	310	210	100	115
Cebuano	5,365	2,000	3,370	1,220	605	615
Fijian	1,095	655	440	10	0	0
Hiligaynon	1,685	710	975	390	165	230
Ilocano	6,450	2,480	3,970	1,810	860	945
Malagasy	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malay	7,495	3,480	4,010	310	155	155
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	855	365	495	910	405	505
Pangasinan	480	205	275	210	100	110
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	113,265	45,455	67,805	58,755	27,020	31,740
Waray-Waray	320	130	195	100	50	50
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,515	740	775	145	60	80
Creole languages	2,485	1,320	1,165	975	445	535
Haitian Creole	135	55	75	20	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	1,310	730	585	420	215	210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,055	540	515	560	240	320
Dravidian languages	10,390	5,485	4,905	1,290	610	680
Kannada	510	250	265	160	90	70
Malayalam	3,350	1,795	1,550	480	190	290
Tamil	5,445	2,830	2,610	570	275	295
Telugu	1,720	970	750	170	90	80
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	85	30	55	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	165	85	80	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	764,815	371,760	393,060	112,600	54,855	57,745
Albanian	1,640	840	795	375	195	185
Armenian	1,680	845	835	60	45	15
Balto-Slavic languages	94,050	44,710	49,340	27,220	12,745	14,470
Baltic languages	1,030	515	520	165	80	85
Latvian	555	290	265	65	35	35
Lithuanian	475	220	250	100	55	50
Slavic languages	93,235	44,305	48,940	27,090	12,685	14,400
Belarusan	245	115	125	65	25	45
Bosnian	2,075	1,020	1,050	810	400	410
Bulgarian	2,430	1,105	1,325	140	85	60
Croatian	10,685	5,255	5,430	1,455	690	760
Czech	7,480	3,665	3,815	600	260	340
Macedonian	400	220	185	125	70	55
Polish	19,175	8,980	10,190	6,685	3,130	3,555
Russian	33,990	15,850	18,135	8,305	4,100	4,205
Serbian	9,110	4,625	4,485	815	435	380
Serbo-Croatian	1,525	770	750	185	75	115
Slovak	4,270	2,045	2,225	405	180	230
Slovene (Slovenian)	1,375	610	760	265	95	170
Ukrainian	10,740	4,835	5,905	10,635	4,725	5,910
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	420	215	205	65	30	30
Celtic languages	1,855	990	865	100	60	40
Scottish Gaelic	660	395	265	65	50	15
Welsh	345	145	195	15	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	860	450	410	20	10	15
Germanic languages	136,685	65,350	71,335	23,570	10,865	12,700
Afrikaans	7,670	3,875	3,800	285	135	150
Danish	5,510	2,490	3,020	190	75	115
Dutch	24,060	11,520	12,550	1,735	870	870
Frisian	465	230	240	70	45	25
German	95,005	45,840	49,165	20,370	9,425	10,950
Icelandic	405	210	195	205	60	145
Norwegian	2,845	1,425	1,415	175	75	100
Swedish	4,825	2,125	2,695	195	70	125
Vlaams (Flemish)	545	270	275	125	45	75
Yiddish	505	225	280	545	230	310
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	155	95	60	70	45	30
Greek	9,095	4,725	4,370	1,880	955	925
Indo-Iranian languages	363,205	181,340	181,865	35,510	18,750	16,760
Indo-Aryan languages	311,955	155,465	156,490	32,720	17,350	15,370
Bengali	3,670	1,885	1,785	1,435	840	595
Gujarati	11,500	5,455	6,050	2,745	1,440	1,305
Hindi	81,330	39,950	41,380	11,300	6,035	5,265
Kashmiri	60	30	25	20	15	10
Konkani	415	215	200	35	25	15
Marathi	1,475	780	695	220	130	95
Nepali	1,485	725	760	600	285	320
Oriya (Odia)	70	40	30	15	10	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	244,485	122,450	122,035	21,905	11,515	10,390
Sindhi	3,300	1,415	1,885	135	80	60
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,430	1,265	1,170	875	475	405
Urdu	16,750	8,840	7,915	4,195	2,365	1,825
Iranian languages	52,300	26,435	25,870	2,880	1,435	1,450
Kurdish	2,225	1,185	1,040	570	275	295
Pashto	1,660	940	725	265	120	145
Persian (Farsi)	49,835	25,135	24,690	2,200	1,120	1,075
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	935	490	450	205	110	90
Italic (Romance) languages	177,685	83,505	94,185	26,845	12,685	14,165
Catalan	395	210	180	15	10	10
Italian	37,475	18,075	19,400	4,970	2,410	2,555
Portuguese	23,260	11,060	12,200	7,725	3,725	4,005
Romanian	10,045	4,945	5,105	690	355	340
Spanish	115,115	53,215	61,900	14,210	6,565	7,650
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	380	245	140	50	45	10
Japanese	36,990	15,955	21,040	1,035	485	550
Kartvelian languages	115	55	60	15	0	15
Georgian	115	55	55	15	0	10
Korean	57,490	26,310	31,180	3,710	1,815	1,895
Mongolic languages	370	170	200	50	20	25
Mongolian	370	165	195	50	20	30
Niger-Congo languages	8,025	4,130	3,895	7,305	3,720	3,585
Akan (Twi)	630	350	280	205	130	80
Bamanankan	30	20	15	145	90	60
Edo	145	80	60	95	60	35
Ewe	135	90	45	50	25	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	105	30	70	45	25	20
Ga	150	95	50	20	10	10
Ganda	165	80	85	180	80	100
Igbo	425	240	185	625	315	310
Lingala	280	125	150	655	310	340
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	45	75	195	95	100
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	290	125	165	310	150	150
Shona	415	220	195	195	80	115
Swahili	3,365	1,785	1,575	1,835	970	865
Wolof	50	25	30	150	85	70
Yoruba	885	455	435	2,390	1,195	1,190
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,835	840	1,000	1,250	640	610
Nilo-Saharan languages	405	210	200	410	225	185
Dinka	85	50	35	185	105	75
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	325	155	165	230	120	105
Sign languages	7,545	2,865	4,680	2,085	785	1,305
American Sign Language	3,860	1,280	2,575	1,390	520	870
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	3,780	1,615	2,160	710	270	435
Sino-Tibetan languages	457,595	211,220	246,375	18,860	9,360	9,505
Chinese languages	454,885	209,850	245,030	18,210	9,055	9,150
Cantonese	234,445	108,485	125,960	7,755	3,655	4,105
Hakka	2,715	1,290	1,430	45	25	20
Mandarin	265,635	119,995	145,640	11,250	5,675	5,570
Min Dong	130	55	75	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	16,410	7,230	9,185	440	205	235
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,600	2,445	3,155	145	90	60
Chinese, n.o.s.	10,380	4,725	5,650	835	450	380
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	200	75	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	3,000	1,500	1,505	665	305	360
Burmese	1,490	730	755	180	115	70
Karenic languages	955	485	465	460	200	260
Tibetan	375	205	165	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	330	150	180	130	55	75
Tai-Kadai languages	5,635	2,190	3,450	1,435	660	770
Lao	1,630	735	890	1,060	495	570
Thai	4,275	1,535	2,740	500	235	265
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages	6,785	3,685	3,095	430	220	215
Azerbaijani	945	510	435	50	25	30
Turkish	5,585	3,025	2,555	310	160	150
Uyghur	115	60	55	30	20	15
Uzbek	170	95	75	15	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	275	140	130	40	15	20
Uralic languages	15,280	7,095	8,185	1,220	570	655
Estonian	780	350	425	50	25	30
Finnish	4,030	1,640	2,385	140	55	90
Hungarian	10,495	5,100	5,395	1,030	495	535
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,045	575	470	385	255	130
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	4,560,235	2,237,485	2,322,750	761,540	374,780	386,765
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	4,138,300	2,038,285	2,100,015	679,190	333,285	345,900
Canadian citizens aged under 18	790,485	406,970	383,510	144,030	73,950	70,080
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,347,820	1,631,310	1,716,505	535,155	259,335	275,825
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	421,935	199,205	222,735	82,350	41,485	40,860
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750	761,540	374,775	386,765
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,167,155	1,584,305	1,582,855	566,170	279,015	287,150
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,292,675	603,800	688,875	181,965	88,380	93,585
Before 1981	356,155	171,330	184,825	40,285	18,650	21,640
1981 to 1990	152,220	70,475	81,750	16,865	8,490	8,375
1991 to 2000	287,505	132,190	155,315	18,555	8,915	9,645
2001 to 2010	321,240	147,250	173,985	53,795	26,530	27,265
2001 to 2005	147,735	67,425	80,305	16,600	8,135	8,465
2006 to 2010	173,505	79,825	93,680	37,195	18,395	18,800
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	175,555	82,555	92,995	52,460	25,790	26,665
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	100,405	49,385	51,020	13,405	7,380	6,030
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,292,670	603,800	688,875	181,960	88,380	93,580
Under 5 years	112,665	56,495	56,175	18,815	9,480	9,335
5 to 14 years	212,710	108,975	103,730	34,415	17,605	16,805
15 to 24 years	279,495	126,690	152,805	36,195	16,740	19,455
25 to 44 years	537,500	242,185	295,310	77,550	37,285	40,265
45 years and over	150,305	69,455	80,845	14,995	7,270	7,725
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,292,675	603,800	688,875	181,965	88,380	93,585
Americas	110,850	50,515	60,330	17,375	8,240	9,135
Brazil	3,800	1,545	2,260	410	165	240
Colombia	3,915	1,720	2,195	545	250	295
El Salvador	5,425	2,710	2,715	1,505	805	700
Guyana	1,305	600	710	1,080	490	595
Haiti	570	250	315	75	40	30
Jamaica	3,505	1,770	1,735	1,600	745	860
Mexico	10,375	4,425	5,945	805	410	390
Peru	3,265	1,330	1,930	190	80	105
Trinidad and Tobago	2,620	1,205	1,415	1,420	740	680
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	57,780	26,425	31,355	4,475	2,055	2,420
Other places of birth in Americas	18,295	8,530	9,765	5,270	2,465	2,810
Europe	319,885	156,975	162,915	39,980	19,295	20,685
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4,570	2,230	2,345	1,020	510	505
Croatia	5,780	2,945	2,830	920	400	515
France	5,700	2,895	2,805	570	290	275
Germany	35,045	16,835	18,210	4,795	2,300	2,495
Greece	3,630	1,965	1,670	780	425	355
Hungary	6,175	3,145	3,030	700	365	335
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,890	3,090	2,795	445	205	240
Italy	15,405	8,050	7,355	2,595	1,335	1,265
Netherlands	18,225	9,365	8,855	1,235	675	560
Poland	15,115	6,965	8,145	4,680	2,165	2,520
Portugal	8,215	4,125	4,090	4,055	2,010	2,050
Romania	8,995	4,400	4,595	645	320	330
Russian Federation	10,920	4,700	6,215	2,165	1,005	1,165
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	4,480	2,225	2,260	325	170	155
Ukraine	7,500	3,520	3,980	3,825	1,800	2,020
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	123,810	60,975	62,835	7,550	3,575	3,975
Other places of birth in Europe	40,425	19,545	20,880	3,680	1,740	1,940
Africa	42,805	21,500	21,310	16,080	8,400	7,680
Algeria	485	310	175	105	50	55
Egypt	2,705	1,480	1,225	895	485	410
Ethiopia	2,070	1,015	1,060	2,230	1,185	1,045
Kenya	4,705	2,175	2,535	905	445	460
Morocco	985	535	455	220	115	105
Nigeria	1,740	925	815	3,525	1,905	1,625
Somalia	1,080	515	570	750	345	405
South Africa, Republic of	13,375	6,700	6,675	545	255	290
Other places of birth in Africa	15,645	7,840	7,800	6,910	3,620	3,285
Asia	788,055	359,835	428,220	108,045	52,215	55,830
Afghanistan	5,040	2,550	2,490	605	280	325
Bangladesh	2,125	1,080	1,040	850	460	390
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	199,990	89,145	110,845	7,605	3,655	3,950
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	74,210	34,120	40,090	1,395	680	715
India	162,650	79,395	83,245	19,630	10,130	9,505
IranCensus data footnote 61	37,160	18,890	18,270	1,105	610	495
Iraq	5,550	2,855	2,690	845	455	395
Japan	13,365	3,840	9,520	185	50	130
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	41,515	18,870	22,645	2,580	1,260	1,320
Lebanon	2,235	1,290	950	225	145	85
Pakistan	10,665	5,470	5,190	2,845	1,540	1,310
Philippines	112,100	45,890	66,210	57,160	26,585	30,575
Sri Lanka	4,585	2,360	2,230	970	485	480
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,845	1,450	1,400	690	325	370
Taiwan	38,900	17,450	21,450	185	90	95
Viet Nam	27,875	12,970	14,905	4,105	1,975	2,125
Other places of birth in Asia	47,255	22,215	25,045	7,050	3,485	3,565
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	31,075	14,975	16,100	480	235	245
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	175,555	82,555	92,995	52,465	25,795	26,670
Americas	14,550	7,160	7,385	2,000	905	1,090
Brazil	1,145	525	615	100	30	65
Colombia	580	250	325	85	25	55
Cuba	140	60	80	55	15	40
Haiti	35	35	10	15	10	10
Jamaica	625	355	265	245	130	115
Mexico	2,885	1,420	1,460	245	135	115
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	6,485	3,290	3,190	630	305	325
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	270	115	155	45	15	25
Other places of birth in Americas	2,380	1,105	1,275	585	240	345
Europe	19,735	10,260	9,475	3,535	1,800	1,735
France	970	510	460	135	65	65
Germany	1,450	775	675	160	90	75
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,430	900	530	95	60	40
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	245	120	125	130	75	60
Romania	690	310	380	65	35	30
Russian Federation	1,735	620	1,110	755	335	410
Ukraine	1,230	495	735	1,005	495	515
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	6,540	3,840	2,695	325	180	145
Other places of birth in Europe	5,455	2,685	2,765	865	470	400
Africa	6,200	3,150	3,050	7,130	3,695	3,435
Algeria	65	40	20	20	10	10
Cameroon	65	25	35	55	35	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	150	80	75	730	355	375
Côte d'Ivoire	20	10	10	95	35	60
Egypt	625	340	290	385	205	180
Eritrea	320	175	145	740	395	345
Ethiopia	305	170	140	730	385	350
Morocco	205	115	95	65	30	35
Nigeria	645	325	315	2,405	1,290	1,115
Somalia	355	145	215	385	165	220
South Africa, Republic of	1,625	815	810	95	30	65
Tunisia	80	30	45	50	40	10
Other places of birth in Africa	1,745	890	860	1,375	715	660
Asia	131,880	60,140	71,735	39,675	19,325	20,355
Afghanistan	870	455	415	60	35	20
Bangladesh	470	230	245	335	180	150
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	38,105	16,965	21,140	2,900	1,385	1,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,800	770	1,030	170	100	70
India	27,460	13,780	13,680	9,520	4,925	4,595
IranCensus data footnote 61	8,645	4,315	4,330	420	225	195
Iraq	1,910	940	965	325	170	155
Israel	365	205	160	585	330	255
Japan	2,285	570	1,715	50	20	25
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	8,025	3,430	4,595	1,155	600	555
Lebanon	265	155	110	115	80	40
Nepal	310	115	195	205	65	140
Pakistan	1,965	990	975	1,420	745	675
Philippines	26,680	11,615	15,065	19,645	9,130	10,515
Saudi Arabia	400	180	215	310	140	170
Sri Lanka	535	265	265	220	120	100
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,185	1,095	1,085	535	260	280
Taiwan	2,505	970	1,530	20	10	0
Turkey	395	220	170	45	30	10
United Arab Emirates	385	195	195	110	55	55
Viet Nam	1,780	685	1,090	480	215	260
Other places of birth in Asia	4,545	1,980	2,560	1,050	485	570
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	3,185	1,845	1,340	125	75	55
Australia	1,920	1,130	790	65	20	45
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	1,265	715	550	60	50	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750	761,540	374,775	386,765
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,426,450	670,440	756,010	198,775	97,410	101,365
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,043,860	523,340	520,520	139,305	68,715	70,595
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	2,089,925	1,043,705	1,046,225	423,455	208,650	214,805
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	955,955	442,040	513,915	144,480	71,095	73,380
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	537,875	258,560	279,315	93,435	46,945	46,485
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	209,685	123,645	86,040	36,110	21,130	14,975
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	328,185	134,915	193,275	57,325	25,810	31,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	323,440	133,775	189,670	31,740	13,865	17,875
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	82,360	44,250	38,110	18,925	10,145	8,780
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	12,285	5,455	6,825	380	145	240
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750	761,540	374,775	386,765
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	270,585	130,265	140,320	92,810	44,090	48,720
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	263,540	127,115	136,425	91,150	43,240	47,905
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	172,520	83,645	88,880	38,695	17,745	20,960
Métis	89,405	42,715	46,690	52,130	25,360	26,775
Inuk (Inuit)	1,610	760	855	315	140	180
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	4,350	2,090	2,260	1,280	680	595
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	2,695	1,060	1,635	380	175	215
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,289,655	2,107,225	2,182,430	668,730	330,685	338,045
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	4,560,240	2,237,485	2,322,750	761,540	374,775	386,765
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	135,835	65,560	70,280	36,810	16,750	20,060
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,424,400	2,171,930	2,252,470	724,725	358,020	366,705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750	761,540	374,775	386,765
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	91,710	45,690	46,020	29,895	13,915	15,980
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	90,390	45,100	45,295	28,735	13,375	15,365
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	79,875	39,685	40,190	20,125	9,270	10,850
Métis single ancestry	10,080	5,215	4,865	8,545	4,080	4,470
Inuit single ancestry	430	200	235	65	25	35
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	1,325	595	725	1,155	540	620
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	1,175	535	635	1,115	520	595
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	100	50	50	25	15	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	45	10	45	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	211,100	100,835	110,260	65,515	31,520	33,995
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	201,895	96,650	105,245	61,735	29,775	31,960
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130,020	62,170	67,850	21,040	10,055	10,985
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70,180	33,595	36,585	40,425	19,600	20,825
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,700	890	815	265	115	150
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	9,200	4,185	5,015	3,780	1,750	2,035
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	8,865	4,050	4,810	3,625	1,675	1,955
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	75	90	65	35	30
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	125	35	90	80	35	50
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	20	20	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	4,257,430	2,090,960	2,166,465	666,135	329,345	336,790
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750	761,540	374,775	386,765
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,381,235	658,260	722,975	195,370	97,225	98,145
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	365,705	183,650	182,055	38,100	20,045	18,055
Chinese	508,480	237,805	270,670	19,885	10,020	9,865
Black	43,500	22,455	21,045	27,375	14,150	13,225
Filipino	145,025	62,505	82,520	73,875	35,080	38,800
Latin American	44,115	20,600	23,515	6,825	3,335	3,495
Arab	19,840	10,865	8,980	4,595	2,440	2,155
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	54,920	25,975	28,950	8,000	3,855	4,145
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	48,695	24,880	23,810	2,515	1,320	1,200
Korean	60,495	27,915	32,580	3,780	1,875	1,905
Japanese	41,230	17,435	23,800	1,605	735	875
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	8,760	4,280	4,485	2,805	1,410	1,395
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	40,465	19,900	20,565	6,005	2,970	3,040
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	3,179,005	1,579,230	1,599,775	566,170	277,555	288,620
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750	761,540	374,775	386,765
North American Aboriginal origins	302,810	146,530	156,280	95,410	45,435	49,975
First Nations (North American Indian)	220,245	106,595	113,650	46,010	21,580	24,430
Inuit	2,615	1,280	1,340	520	235	285
Métis	90,515	43,460	47,050	53,820	25,915	27,905
Other North American origins	922,690	460,355	462,335	134,985	66,860	68,120
Acadian	3,940	1,960	1,980	445	205	240
American	78,170	37,765	40,405	5,840	2,930	2,905
Canadian	866,530	432,975	433,560	130,380	64,515	65,860
New Brunswicker	60	45	15	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	1,875	995	880	135	85	50
Nova Scotian	185	95	85	20	15	0
Ontarian	130	55	75	15	15	0
Québécois	1,830	945	880	240	130	110
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	405	175	230	30	10	20
European origins	2,857,080	1,408,510	1,448,575	503,280	245,875	257,405
British Isles origins	1,926,040	945,580	980,460	258,250	126,370	131,880
Channel Islander	455	230	220	45	20	25
Cornish	610	340	265	70	35	30
English	1,203,540	585,700	617,845	147,560	71,645	75,915
Irish	675,135	318,455	356,675	97,445	46,525	50,920
Manx	1,810	835	975	125	80	45
Scottish	860,775	417,080	443,700	126,740	61,595	65,145
Welsh	113,905	54,260	59,645	11,905	5,710	6,195
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	122,700	59,225	63,475	14,440	6,785	7,660
French origins	388,815	184,705	204,110	96,150	46,510	49,635
Alsatian	210	95	115	20	10	10
Breton	110	45	65	65	20	50
Corsican	105	40	65	10	10	0
French	388,580	184,595	203,980	96,110	46,490	49,620
Western European origins (except French origins)	839,860	411,165	428,695	161,600	78,790	82,815
Austrian	48,510	23,030	25,485	8,375	4,060	4,315
Bavarian	225	105	120	0	0	0
Belgian	19,980	9,615	10,360	11,825	5,660	6,165
Dutch	213,670	105,040	108,630	30,455	15,030	15,430
Flemish	2,215	1,145	1,075	620	255	370
Frisian	850	425	425	115	70	45
German	603,265	294,860	308,410	123,970	60,465	63,500
Luxembourger	695	340	355	75	35	40
Swiss	31,390	15,510	15,880	3,130	1,460	1,670
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	905	425	485	135	65	75
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	346,525	166,100	180,425	48,680	23,090	25,585
Danish	58,205	27,985	30,220	4,930	2,340	2,590
Finnish	34,150	16,285	17,870	2,740	1,295	1,445
Icelandic	26,410	12,860	13,545	18,180	8,840	9,335
Norwegian	138,430	66,870	71,565	11,510	5,305	6,205
Swedish	110,030	51,000	59,030	14,050	6,510	7,540
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	15,080	7,610	7,470	1,725	850	870
Eastern European origins	569,260	275,900	293,360	180,665	87,795	92,870
Bulgarian	4,015	1,875	2,140	280	165	120
Byelorussian	2,760	1,400	1,365	675	320	355
Czech	23,375	11,500	11,875	3,140	1,400	1,740
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	7,970	3,795	4,175	1,365	695	675
Estonian	4,840	2,250	2,590	170	70	100
Hungarian	56,535	27,450	29,090	7,010	3,505	3,505
Latvian	4,935	2,565	2,370	880	405	475
Lithuanian	7,225	3,465	3,755	1,065	535	535
Moldovan	1,085	510	580	265	135	125
Polish	149,635	71,605	78,030	60,465	29,215	31,255
Romanian	31,250	15,125	16,125	4,145	2,000	2,145
Russian	131,060	62,880	68,180	29,575	14,185	15,385
Slovak	11,220	5,440	5,780	1,685	795	890
Ukrainian	229,205	111,285	117,915	116,250	56,640	59,605
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	3,555	1,645	1,915	720	330	390
Southern European origins	334,740	164,780	169,960	51,280	25,160	26,120
Albanian	1,925	975	950	400	215	180
Bosnian	3,290	1,635	1,655	955	470	485
Catalan	120	85	30	10	0	10
Croatian	23,845	12,180	11,660	2,435	1,155	1,280
Cypriot	440	230	205	40	25	15
Greek	24,460	12,410	12,050	3,555	1,790	1,755
Italian	166,095	83,095	83,000	19,435	9,760	9,675
Kosovar	280	135	145	35	20	15
Macedonian	1,205	620	580	220	115	105
Maltese	2,645	1,350	1,295	245	120	125
Montenegrin	710	360	350	35	10	30
Portuguese	41,770	20,620	21,145	12,870	6,405	6,470
Serbian	12,895	6,625	6,270	1,100	585	515
Sicilian	545	295	255	200	85	120
Slovenian	5,555	2,725	2,825	920	440	480
Spanish	64,470	29,245	35,225	10,695	4,795	5,905
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	7,080	3,360	3,725	845	450	395
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	395	200	195	65	35	30
Other European origins	34,700	17,800	16,900	9,305	4,685	4,620
Basque	840	470	375	100	65	30
Jewish	17,580	8,950	8,635	7,635	3,815	3,825
Roma (Gypsy)	805	320	485	110	60	55
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	965	520	450	150	75	75
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	14,715	7,635	7,080	1,375	705	675
Caribbean origins	25,010	12,350	12,660	9,375	4,675	4,700
Antiguan	220	115	105	60	20	40
Bahamian	255	140	110	60	30	30
Barbadian	1,870	945	930	665	345	320
Bermudan	335	155	175	35	25	10
Carib	70	50	25	70	30	40
Cuban	1,320	615	700	240	110	125
Dominican	735	330	410	260	135	120
Grenadian	380	195	185	145	75	70
Guadeloupean	15	0	15	0	0	0
Haitian	1,140	530	615	145	50	95
Jamaican	10,545	5,425	5,120	3,935	1,950	1,985
Kittitian/Nevisian	130	70	55	0	10	0
Martinican	25	0	20	0	0	0
Montserratan	25	15	10	0	0	10
Puerto Rican	570	260	310	65	20	40
St. Lucian	190	85	110	30	20	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	4,170	2,085	2,085	2,125	1,105	1,025
Vincentian/Grenadinian	415	180	230	160	75	85
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	2,120	930	1,190	1,315	620	700
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,920	945	975	580	315	265
Latin, Central and South American origins	69,920	33,580	36,335	11,660	5,720	5,945
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	2,625	1,350	1,275	495	270	225
Arawak	90	45	45	10	0	0
Argentinian	2,025	910	1,120	455	230	230
Belizean	125	60	65	50	25	25
Bolivian	375	145	230	50	10	40
Brazilian	5,455	2,465	2,990	725	315	405
Chilean	5,700	2,740	2,955	1,375	665	710
Colombian	5,860	2,805	3,055	835	405	435
Costa Rican	810	385	425	60	35	25
Ecuadorian	1,040	490	550	80	50	30
Guatemalan	2,575	1,310	1,265	460	215	245
Guyanese	1,925	995	935	1,325	670	655
Hispanic	1,535	720	810	315	135	180
Honduran	1,445	750	695	70	40	30
Maya	930	475	455	135	95	45
Mexican	23,055	11,025	12,035	1,940	900	1,040
Nicaraguan	1,520	735	785	295	150	145
Panamanian	325	140	185	40	10	35
Paraguayan	895	475	420	610	345	265
Peruvian	3,905	1,775	2,135	270	100	170
Salvadorean	6,815	3,390	3,425	1,710	900	805
Uruguayan	410	205	205	35	10	25
Venezuelan	1,900	915	980	190	65	120
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	3,310	1,605	1,705	800	400	395
African origins	59,985	30,635	29,345	25,775	13,330	12,445
Central and West African origins	7,075	3,810	3,265	8,115	4,260	3,855
Akan	40	30	10	30	10	25
Angolan	90	55	35	15	10	0
Ashanti	85	30	50	20	10	10
Beninese	35	20	15	50	45	10
Burkinabe	45	30	15	15	10	10
Cameroonian	150	85	70	140	75	65
Chadian	70	50	25	0	10	0
Congolese	810	405	400	1,545	770	775
Edo	85	55	30	125	80	45
Ewe	55	25	30	15	0	10
Gabonese	10	0	10	25	25	10
Gambian	25	10	15	10	0	10
Ghanaian	1,600	865	730	355	195	160
Guinean	130	45	80	65	25	45
Ibo	280	160	115	415	195	220
Ivorian	100	55	50	120	40	80
Liberian	250	95	150	50	15	35
Malian	80	55	25	140	85	55
Malinké	10	0	0	35	20	10
Nigerian	2,615	1,430	1,185	3,515	1,925	1,590
Peulh	20	0	15	25	15	15
Senegalese	95	75	25	115	65	40
Sierra Leonean	130	60	65	315	150	165
Togolese	100	70	40	115	55	55
Wolof	0	0	0	25	10	15
Yoruba	255	135	125	995	505	490
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	620	305	315	495	225	265
North African origins	9,840	5,210	4,630	3,270	1,735	1,540
Algerian	770	465	305	95	40	60
Berber	210	130	80	130	80	55
Coptic	150	90	65	70	40	35
Dinka	45	25	15	30	25	10
Egyptian	4,520	2,340	2,180	1,165	620	545
Libyan	420	275	140	305	145	155
Maure	150	60	90	75	45	20
Moroccan	2,005	1,105	895	320	160	160
Sudanese	1,225	535	695	1,035	550	485
Tunisian	500	290	215	85	55	30
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	215	115	105	65	35	30
Southern and East African origins	24,800	12,345	12,450	9,295	4,805	4,490
Afrikaner	705	355	355	30	25	10
Amhara	115	60	50	110	80	35
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	255	140	120	150	85	65
Burundian	215	95	120	215	100	115
Djiboutian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Eritrean	1,055	550	505	2,180	1,160	1,015
Ethiopian	2,550	1,280	1,270	2,540	1,295	1,250
Harari	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenyan	1,615	775	845	300	145	155
Malagasy	105	65	40	10	10	10
Mauritian	975	520	450	105	50	50
Oromo	140	75	65	315	185	135
Rwandan	420	225	195	290	140	155
Seychellois	25	15	15	50	15	30
Somali	2,295	1,115	1,180	1,715	895	820
South African	11,060	5,510	5,550	425	195	230
Tanzanian	490	220	275	85	55	30
Tigrian	205	110	95	315	195	120
Ugandan	775	390	380	180	85	95
Zambian	210	95	110	190	95	105
Zimbabwean	855	445	405	260	120	140
Zulu	75	25	45	25	15	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,840	910	930	425	225	205
Other African origins	19,215	9,745	9,465	5,710	2,850	2,865
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	2,660	1,315	1,340	695	350	340
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	16,740	8,515	8,225	5,090	2,520	2,575
Asian origins	1,312,445	624,270	688,175	161,845	80,230	81,615
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	99,560	51,315	48,245	10,050	5,160	4,885
Afghan	7,895	4,005	3,885	1,010	480	530
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	5,660	3,125	2,540	1,540	835	700
Armenian	3,715	1,905	1,815	360	175	180
Assyrian	545	295	250	35	20	10
Azerbaijani	990	570	425	55	35	20
Georgian	740	380	355	110	55	50
Hazara	55	30	20	0	0	0
Iranian	47,985	24,290	23,695	1,700	900	800
Iraqi	5,575	2,860	2,715	920	480	440
Israeli	2,655	1,370	1,285	735	385	355
Jordanian	785	425	355	205	90	120
Kazakh	385	205	175	80	50	30
Kurd	2,120	1,165	950	300	145	155
Kuwaiti	125	85	40	45	20	20
Kyrgyz	175	90	85	35	20	15
Lebanese	7,980	4,175	3,805	1,040	510	525
Palestinian	2,625	1,410	1,210	550	295	255
Pashtun	360	200	160	45	25	25
Saudi Arabian	975	615	360	125	70	50
Syrian	3,955	1,905	2,055	935	465	470
Tajik	260	135	125	45	20	25
Tatar	790	365	425	150	80	75
Turk	6,355	3,485	2,865	550	260	295
Turkmen	120	70	55	10	10	0
Uighur	130	65	60	10	10	10
Uzbek	270	150	120	55	35	20
Yemeni	300	185	115	100	45	55
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,635	1,340	1,295	230	125	105
South Asian origins	363,885	182,650	181,235	38,910	20,435	18,475
Bangladeshi	1,840	925	920	850	485	365
Bengali	850	405	445	200	115	85
Bhutanese	120	65	55	145	55	85
East Indian	309,315	154,795	154,520	30,795	16,095	14,700
Goan	485	245	240	50	25	30
Gujarati	700	335	365	150	85	70
Kashmiri	185	100	85	15	10	10
Nepali	1,495	690	805	490	240	255
Pakistani	12,585	6,565	6,015	3,010	1,645	1,370
Punjabi	38,725	19,700	19,025	3,605	1,890	1,710
Sinhalese	620	325	300	255	130	125
Sri Lankan	5,710	2,970	2,740	1,025	515	510
Tamil	1,235	670	560	235	135	100
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	8,245	4,070	4,170	665	390	280
East and Southeast Asian origins	855,345	393,475	461,875	113,315	54,790	58,525
Burmese	2,310	1,135	1,175	245	120	125
Cambodian (Khmer)	3,235	1,580	1,655	500	265	230
Chinese	540,155	253,065	287,090	26,815	13,330	13,485
Filipino	158,215	68,710	89,505	77,305	36,915	40,390
Hmong	130	70	60	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,625	3,115	3,510	430	225	205
Japanese	51,150	22,200	28,945	2,290	1,065	1,225
Karen	895	450	445	450	195	250
Korean	63,300	29,330	33,975	3,930	1,970	1,960
Laotian	2,530	1,275	1,255	1,605	760	850
Malaysian	5,060	2,260	2,800	430	220	210
Mongolian	1,495	740	760	130	50	75
Singaporean	1,055	490	560	10	10	0
Taiwanese	21,455	9,810	11,650	115	75	40
Thai	5,065	1,870	3,195	635	285	345
Tibetan	550	290	260	15	10	0
Vietnamese	41,435	20,205	21,230	5,580	2,760	2,825
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	785	310	470	145	65	85
Other Asian origins	2,500	1,250	1,250	450	225	220
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	2,500	1,250	1,255	450	225	225
Oceania origins	41,125	20,605	20,520	1,030	490	545
Australian	16,240	8,385	7,855	700	315	385
New Zealander	6,565	3,405	3,155	180	100	85
Pacific Islands origins	19,135	9,240	9,890	200	105	95
Fijian	14,145	6,895	7,250	10	10	0
Hawaiian	2,200	970	1,235	55	30	20
Maori	1,120	595	530	55	30	25
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	600	275	325	55	35	20
Samoan	485	255	230	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	905	440	465	40	15	25
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
Owner	1,279,020	...	...	206,290	...	...
Renter	599,360	...	...	100,150	...	...
Band housing	3,590	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
Condominium	416,770	...	...	25,350	...	...
Not condominium	1,465,200	...	...	281,195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
No bedrooms	22,705	...	...	3,040	...	...
1 bedroom	311,035	...	...	48,445	...	...
2 bedrooms	514,015	...	...	77,100	...	...
3 bedrooms	513,135	...	...	107,320	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	521,075	...	...	70,640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	642,910	...	...	94,550	...	...
5 rooms	274,780	...	...	49,610	...	...
6 rooms	235,845	...	...	46,975	...	...
7 rooms	199,715	...	...	39,400	...	...
8 or more rooms	528,720	...	...	76,015	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,839,850	...	...	297,240	...	...
More than 1 person per room	42,120	...	...	9,310	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	1,881,965	...	...	306,550	...	...
Suitable	1,781,905	...	...	285,040	...	...
Not suitable	100,060	...	...	21,510	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
1960 or before	267,560	...	...	100,075	...	...
1961 to 1980	559,485	...	...	100,015	...	...
1981 to 1990	289,565	...	...	40,380	...	...
1991 to 2000	331,865	...	...	22,050	...	...
2001 to 2005	125,335	...	...	10,700	...	...
2006 to 2010	171,945	...	...	14,850	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	136,210	...	...	18,480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,763,105	...	...	283,115	...	...
Major repairs needed	118,865	...	...	23,440	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,091,500	...	...	176,365	...	...
2 household maintainers	725,675	...	...	122,370	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	64,790	...	...	7,810	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	1,881,970	...	...	306,550	...	...
15 to 24 years	58,620	...	...	9,875	...	...
25 to 34 years	253,950	...	...	47,530	...	...
35 to 44 years	304,185	...	...	55,155	...	...
45 to 54 years	378,545	...	...	61,485	...	...
55 to 64 years	390,185	...	...	60,055	...	...
65 to 74 years	288,165	...	...	41,040	...	...
75 to 84 years	152,225	...	...	22,345	...	...
85 years and over	56,085	...	...	9,060	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	1,832,420	...	...	304,815	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,320,210	...	...	240,755	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	512,210	...	...	64,065	...	...
30% to less than 100%	420,705	...	...	54,625	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,242,600	...	...	205,565	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	58.6	...	...	62.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	20.7	...	...	12.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,149	...	...	1,086	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,387	...	...	1,174	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	500,874	...	...	299,614	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	720,689	...	...	328,707	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	592,825	...	...	100,105	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	12.5	...	...	18.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	43.3	...	...	39.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,036	...	...	915	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,149	...	...	940	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605	629,380	306,840	322,530
No certificate, diploma or degree	601,640	305,320	296,315	106,780	54,035	52,750
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,138,565	549,580	588,985	188,260	94,090	94,165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,310	334,340	158,720	175,615
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	338,980	250,270	88,720	43,545	30,465	13,075
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	142,935	83,055	59,880	21,675	12,785	8,890
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	196,045	167,210	28,840	21,865	17,680	4,185
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	700,945	280,300	420,645	113,500	48,645	64,855
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	138,010	54,420	83,585	17,855	7,475	10,380
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	952,240	442,880	509,360	159,440	72,130	87,305
Bachelor's degree	622,670	281,020	341,655	112,785	49,440	63,350
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	69,005	28,575	40,430	12,385	5,340	7,050
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	29,110	16,690	12,420	4,955	2,830	2,120
Master's degree	195,825	94,360	101,465	24,395	11,420	12,970
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	35,625	22,240	13,390	4,915	3,105	1,815
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,940	417,980	205,760	212,220
No certificate, diploma or degree	244,000	134,410	109,585	42,215	23,865	18,350
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	671,010	330,835	340,175	111,550	57,850	53,695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,617,965	761,790	856,175	264,215	124,040	140,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	231,445	172,290	59,155	30,320	21,445	8,875
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	97,350	56,920	40,435	15,075	9,085	5,985
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	134,095	115,370	18,725	15,250	12,360	2,885
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	528,805	210,880	317,925	88,565	38,720	49,850
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	99,695	39,205	60,490	13,360	5,615	7,745
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	758,015	339,415	418,605	131,970	58,265	73,710
Bachelor's degree	497,845	219,005	278,840	94,140	40,855	53,280
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	52,955	20,995	31,965	9,505	3,955	5,550
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	22,440	11,665	10,775	4,115	2,190	1,925
Master's degree	159,740	73,335	86,405	20,550	9,110	11,440
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	25,030	14,420	10,615	3,665	2,155	1,510
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610	629,380	306,840	322,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,740,205	854,900	885,300	295,040	148,125	146,915
Education	144,100	34,915	109,185	28,025	7,510	20,510
13. Education	144,100	34,910	109,185	28,025	7,515	20,510
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	98,735	44,465	54,275	10,510	5,020	5,490
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	16,970	12,880	4,090	1,830	1,400	430
50. Visual and performing arts	81,765	31,580	50,185	8,685	3,620	5,065
Humanities	124,600	49,025	75,575	16,955	7,155	9,800
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15,235	3,675	11,555	1,535	340	1,195
23. English language and literature/letters	34,710	10,845	23,865	3,310	960	2,355
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35,720	13,670	22,050	5,415	2,265	3,145
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	585	210	375	50	20	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	6,710	4,050	2,660	1,130	685	445
39. Theology and religious vocations	12,275	7,400	4,880	2,265	1,295	965
54. History	15,780	8,475	7,300	2,655	1,440	1,215
55. French language and literature/letters	3,580	705	2,880	600	155	445
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245,990	87,960	158,025	36,590	13,195	23,390
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,120	1,060	3,060	625	160	465
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	23,180	8,505	14,680	2,645	1,020	1,630
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	38,070	3,285	34,785	7,160	600	6,565
22. Legal professions and studies	38,505	13,545	24,955	5,590	2,015	3,575
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	4,325	1,345	2,985	740	215	525
42. Psychology	43,230	12,480	30,750	6,665	1,990	4,670
45. Social sciences	94,560	47,755	46,810	13,160	7,195	5,965
Business, management and public administration	426,460	166,470	259,990	69,905	27,735	42,165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	775	215	560	230	75	160
44. Public administration and social service professions	26,520	5,960	20,565	5,105	1,305	3,800
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	399,160	160,295	238,865	64,565	26,360	38,200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	86,425	46,070	40,355	13,160	6,705	6,450
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	36,760	16,800	19,960	5,555	2,510	3,045
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	19,025	9,400	9,620	3,555	1,905	1,650
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	835	225	610	410	65	345
40. Physical sciences	26,370	18,395	7,975	2,980	2,070	910
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,440	1,255	2,185	655	160	500
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80,070	51,490	28,575	15,580	9,895	5,680
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	62,795	43,900	18,890	12,970	8,740	4,230
25. Library science	5,560	755	4,805	855	145	710
27. Mathematics and statistics	10,875	6,295	4,580	1,645	945	700
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	835	540	300	110	70	40
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	427,670	388,335	39,340	62,535	57,035	5,500
04. Architecture and related services	15,490	9,985	5,505	2,150	1,225	925
14. Engineering	98,455	81,055	17,395	13,730	11,435	2,290
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	68,500	60,490	8,010	12,440	11,220	1,220
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	90	25	65	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	100,765	97,615	3,150	12,405	12,175	235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	97,720	94,520	3,200	15,115	14,605	515
48. Precision production	46,660	44,650	2,015	6,690	6,375	315
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50,210	31,680	18,525	6,385	4,040	2,345
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	24,950	13,670	11,275	4,515	2,965	1,550
03. Natural resources and conservation	25,260	18,010	7,250	1,870	1,065	800
Health and related fields	322,715	65,735	256,975	57,675	12,285	45,390
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	23,740	11,920	11,820	2,940	1,370	1,570
51. Health professions and related programs	290,645	48,985	241,655	53,140	9,950	43,185
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	8,330	4,835	3,495	1,595	965	630
Personal, protective and transportation services	122,855	61,605	61,250	16,995	8,120	8,870
12. Personal and culinary services	79,740	24,860	54,885	10,405	2,740	7,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	320	290	30	55	45	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	1,235	1,120	115	145	140	0
43. Security and protective services	13,935	10,390	3,545	2,880	1,965	915
49. Transportation and materials moving	27,620	24,945	2,680	3,510	3,220	290
Other	355	115	240	25	10	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	350	115	240	25	10	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,532,980	1,227,040	1,305,935	417,980	205,760	212,220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	915,015	465,250	449,765	153,760	81,720	72,045
Education	96,005	21,035	74,970	20,180	5,110	15,075
13. Education	96,010	21,035	74,975	20,185	5,110	15,075
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	77,655	34,430	43,225	8,385	3,995	4,385
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	12,710	9,580	3,130	1,415	1,050	370
50. Visual and performing arts	64,940	24,845	40,090	6,965	2,945	4,020
Humanities	93,605	35,490	58,115	12,980	5,465	7,520
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	11,710	2,510	9,195	1,300	290	1,005
23. English language and literature/letters	25,665	7,810	17,850	2,515	715	1,795
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	28,260	10,505	17,750	4,230	1,825	2,405
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	425	170	255	50	25	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,970	2,960	2,010	900	530	370
39. Theology and religious vocations	8,330	4,945	3,385	1,680	945	740
54. History	11,805	6,140	5,665	1,860	1,010	850
55. French language and literature/letters	2,445	455	2,000	435	120	320
Social and behavioural sciences and law	196,450	67,000	129,450	29,910	10,360	19,550
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,460	845	2,615	520	135	385
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	19,685	6,940	12,750	2,220	835	1,390
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	29,855	2,505	27,350	5,770	430	5,340
22. Legal professions and studies	31,190	9,665	21,525	4,745	1,515	3,230
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,540	1,110	2,425	645	195	450
42. Psychology	33,055	8,845	24,210	5,200	1,440	3,755
45. Social sciences	75,665	37,095	38,575	10,805	5,815	4,995
Business, management and public administration	335,220	128,975	206,245	56,510	22,290	34,225
30.16 Accounting and computer science	540	170	365	200	75	130
44. Public administration and social service professions	20,695	4,240	16,455	4,045	920	3,120
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	313,985	124,565	189,425	52,270	21,300	30,975
Physical and life sciences and technologies	63,705	32,325	31,385	10,020	4,930	5,095
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	28,505	12,595	15,915	4,430	1,920	2,510
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	13,825	6,570	7,260	2,500	1,350	1,145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	645	160	485	360	60	305
40. Physical sciences	18,525	12,250	6,270	2,285	1,505	780
41. Science technologies/technicians	2,210	750	1,460	450	95	355
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	68,660	44,820	23,840	13,490	8,680	4,815
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	56,390	39,660	16,725	11,595	7,835	3,760
25. Library science	3,830	545	3,290	570	110	455
27. Mathematics and statistics	7,760	4,185	3,570	1,240	680	560
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	680	430	250	85	50	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	310,855	277,375	33,475	48,410	43,670	4,745
04. Architecture and related services	12,110	7,240	4,875	1,795	1,020	775
14. Engineering	76,935	61,380	15,560	11,720	9,645	2,075
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	48,690	42,285	6,405	9,800	8,725	1,075
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	65	20	45	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	72,800	70,225	2,570	9,000	8,810	195
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	69,025	66,545	2,480	11,275	10,915	365
48. Precision production	31,225	29,690	1,535	4,820	4,555	270
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	39,360	23,810	15,555	5,100	3,130	1,965
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,965	9,875	9,090	3,505	2,250	1,255
03. Natural resources and conservation	20,395	13,930	6,470	1,595	880	710
Health and related fields	244,975	50,520	194,460	46,495	10,160	36,335
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	18,900	9,380	9,520	2,410	1,150	1,265
51. Health professions and related programs	219,800	37,800	182,000	42,825	8,300	34,525
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	6,285	3,340	2,940	1,260	715	550
Personal, protective and transportation services	91,185	45,925	45,265	12,710	6,245	6,465
12. Personal and culinary services	58,820	18,880	39,945	7,485	1,975	5,515
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	195	165	30	55	45	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	570	505	65	70	75	0
43. Security and protective services	11,175	8,110	3,060	2,315	1,595	725
49. Transportation and materials moving	20,430	18,265	2,165	2,780	2,560	220
Other	275	85	185	15	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	270	85	185	20	10	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610	629,375	306,840	322,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,740,205	854,900	885,300	295,040	148,125	146,915
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,305	334,335	158,715	175,615
Location of study inside Canada	1,625,550	785,340	840,205	268,010	126,415	141,595
Same as province or territory of residence	1,243,905	593,275	650,635	236,260	110,455	125,805
Different than province or territory of residence	381,645	192,070	189,575	31,755	15,960	15,790
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	504,630	242,530	262,100	66,320	32,300	34,020
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	74,030	40,425	33,610	6,495	3,455	3,040
Philippines	56,845	20,455	36,395	23,810	10,435	13,380
India	44,115	22,045	22,065	8,990	4,580	4,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	58,825	31,920	26,910	2,885	1,670	1,215
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	61,840	27,630	34,210	2,525	1,155	1,370
France	4,385	2,360	2,025	340	195	140
Other	204,580	97,700	106,885	21,280	10,820	10,460
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,935	417,975	205,760	212,220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	915,015	465,250	449,765	153,760	81,720	72,045
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,617,960	761,790	856,170	264,215	124,040	140,175
Location of study inside Canada	1,239,640	589,155	650,490	207,860	97,180	110,680
Same as province or territory of residence	970,485	454,780	515,700	183,350	85,025	98,330
Different than province or territory of residence	269,155	134,375	134,785	24,510	12,155	12,350
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	378,325	172,640	205,685	56,355	26,860	29,495
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	50,095	26,175	23,920	4,405	2,130	2,275
Philippines	48,935	17,385	31,555	22,010	9,670	12,335
India	36,800	17,455	19,345	8,150	4,110	4,040
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	32,890	17,360	15,530	1,620	940	675
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	53,570	23,445	30,125	2,315	1,045	1,270
France	3,505	1,885	1,615	290	165	125
Other	152,530	68,935	83,595	17,565	8,790	8,775
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,610	629,375	306,845	322,535
In the labour force	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830	424,365	219,535	204,840
Employed	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240	397,545	204,625	192,915
Unemployed	165,975	91,385	74,590	26,825	14,905	11,915
Not in the labour force	1,398,710	596,935	801,775	205,005	87,310	117,695
Participation rate	63.9	68.3	59.7	67.4	71.5	63.5
Employment rate	59.6	63.4	55.9	63.2	66.7	59.8
Unemployment rate	6.7	7.1	6.3	6.3	6.8	5.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605	629,375	306,845	322,535
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,290,235	547,350	742,885	191,390	81,130	110,255
Worked	2,580,140	1,335,420	1,244,720	437,995	225,710	212,280
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,183,405	675,950	507,460	228,350	128,325	100,020
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,396,735	659,470	737,260	209,645	97,385	112,255
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	42.4	41.1	43.2	43.7	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	2,471,670	1,285,840	1,185,835	424,370	219,535	204,835
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	43,805	21,245	22,555	7,970	3,775	4,195
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,275	416,400	215,755	200,640
Employee	2,084,470	1,054,630	1,029,840	381,080	193,070	188,005
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	343,395	209,955	133,430	35,320	22,690	12,635
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830	424,370	219,530	204,835
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	43,805	21,245	22,560	7,970	3,775	4,195
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,270	416,400	215,760	200,640
0 Management occupations	275,000	168,820	106,180	41,145	25,215	15,935
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	368,940	106,205	262,740	67,935	21,055	46,880
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	161,520	127,060	34,460	26,505	20,980	5,525
3 Health occupations	162,865	35,775	127,095	34,945	8,225	26,720
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	269,255	87,765	181,485	56,040	18,775	37,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	93,100	44,855	48,245	11,255	4,955	6,300
6 Sales and service occupations	595,225	251,490	343,735	97,655	44,225	53,430
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	360,970	339,660	21,315	57,895	54,925	2,970
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	64,235	47,530	16,700	4,745	3,835	905
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	76,745	55,430	21,315	18,285	13,565	4,715
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830	424,370	219,530	204,835
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	43,805	21,250	22,555	7,970	3,775	4,195
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	2,427,865	1,264,590	1,163,270	416,400	215,760	200,645
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65,205	42,840	22,360	4,175	2,760	1,415
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25,920	21,810	4,115	800	640	165
22 Utilities	12,445	8,915	3,535	4,335	3,130	1,210
23 Construction	199,985	175,195	24,790	28,575	25,305	3,275
31-33 Manufacturing	157,560	113,945	43,615	35,875	26,640	9,230
41 Wholesale trade	82,105	55,530	26,580	15,135	10,815	4,320
44-45 Retail trade	283,135	129,985	153,150	45,615	22,415	23,200
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	128,400	98,580	29,815	23,715	18,820	4,900
51 Information and cultural industries	67,225	41,065	26,155	8,575	4,945	3,625
52 Finance and insurance	93,805	38,430	55,380	19,830	7,830	12,005
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	54,995	29,515	25,475	6,185	3,485	2,700
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	196,670	107,680	88,990	22,340	12,065	10,275
55 Management of companies and enterprises	4,320	1,975	2,345	540	225	315
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	109,095	62,325	46,775	16,440	9,640	6,800
61 Educational services	173,820	56,455	117,365	35,275	11,850	23,430
62 Health care and social assistance	270,855	52,320	218,530	60,505	13,310	47,190
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	57,940	29,050	28,895	9,375	4,800	4,580
72 Accommodation and food services	207,045	86,555	120,490	30,325	12,955	17,370
81 Other services (except public administration)	112,335	47,960	64,375	18,335	8,450	9,890
91 Public administration	125,000	64,450	60,545	30,445	15,695	14,750
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240	397,545	204,625	192,920
Worked at home	196,510	95,515	100,990	18,330	9,215	9,120
Worked outside Canada	16,040	11,285	4,760	1,375	910	465
No fixed workplace address	326,180	243,130	83,050	40,525	30,510	10,020
Worked at usual place	1,766,965	844,520	922,440	337,320	164,000	173,320
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,766,965	844,520	922,440	337,320	164,000	173,320
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	864,410	382,105	482,305	292,965	139,425	153,535
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	807,840	405,435	402,400	5,730	2,710	3,015
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	81,750	47,820	33,930	37,265	20,995	16,270
Commute to a different province or territory	12,965	9,160	3,805	1,355	860	490
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,093,145	1,087,655	1,005,490	377,845	194,505	183,340
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,475,585	803,485	672,095	272,070	151,825	120,240
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	114,580	49,075	65,500	26,895	8,040	18,850
Public transit	274,205	117,830	156,375	51,395	20,675	30,720
Walked	142,310	62,395	79,920	17,295	7,515	9,785
Bicycle	51,350	32,665	18,680	6,310	4,345	1,965
Other method	35,115	22,195	12,915	3,880	2,105	1,775
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490	377,845	194,505	183,340
Less than 15 minutes	601,950	276,005	325,950	82,925	38,400	44,525
15 to 29 minutes	689,520	353,590	335,925	160,985	83,635	77,350
30 to 44 minutes	425,680	237,995	187,685	92,345	50,205	42,140
45 to 59 minutes	184,690	104,220	80,465	25,855	13,745	12,110
60 minutes and over	191,305	115,840	75,470	15,735	8,520	7,215
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490	377,845	194,505	183,340
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	142,370	101,315	41,050	16,760	11,780	4,980
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	342,500	214,795	127,700	67,780	41,185	26,595
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	526,485	271,110	255,375	112,730	57,220	55,515
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	470,210	202,910	267,295	77,010	32,760	44,245
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	292,185	125,470	166,715	37,375	16,235	21,145
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	319,400	172,045	147,355	66,180	35,325	30,860
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120	451,985	232,315	219,670
Single responses	2,622,495	1,354,780	1,267,710	446,095	229,370	216,725
Official languages	2,537,990	1,309,980	1,228,015	442,045	227,170	214,865
English	2,531,850	1,308,325	1,223,530	437,455	225,730	211,725
French	6,140	1,660	4,485	4,585	1,440	3,145
Non-official languages	84,500	44,805	39,705	4,055	2,195	1,860
Aboriginal languages	260	75	180	75	30	45
Algonquian languages	15	0	10	70	30	40
Blackfoot	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	25	15	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	25	15	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	30	85	0	0	0
Comox	10	0	10	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	0	15	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	30	10	25	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Haisla	10	0	10	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	84,245	44,730	39,520	3,980	2,165	1,810
Afro-Asiatic languages	440	295	145	280	155	130
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	10	30	10	20
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	30	10	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	435	295	135	255	140	110
Amharic	15	15	0	20	0	10
Arabic	320	235	85	90	60	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	75	30	50	115	55	60
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	25	25	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,505	1,165	1,345	135	35	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,460	1,140	1,325	135	35	100
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	825	385	440	430	210	220
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	0	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	65	35	20	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	695	320	375	420	200	220
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	20	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	30	10	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	23,765	13,305	10,460	1,575	945	630
Albanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	950	440	510	340	170	170
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	935	435	500	335	170	170
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	10	0	10
Bulgarian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Croatian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	115	50	70	60	40	15
Russian	565	255	315	170	90	80
Serbian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	25	15	90	30	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	805	465	335	135	80	50
Afrikaans	15	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dutch	120	70	45	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	590	330	260	120	75	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	25	20	10	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	19,805	11,280	8,535	710	465	245
Indo-Aryan languages	18,715	10,560	8,160	645	430	215
Bengali	15	15	0	15	10	15
Gujarati	35	15	25	0	0	0
Hindi	300	185	110	30	30	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	18,295	10,310	7,985	580	390	195
Sindhi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,085	720	365	65	35	25
Kurdish	25	25	0	0	0	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,060	700	360	55	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,140	1,085	1,060	385	225	165
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	110	50	60	10	0	0
Portuguese	515	255	260	305	195	105
Romanian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Spanish	1,435	725	710	70	25	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	1,730	650	1,080	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	5,585	3,005	2,585	280	140	140
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	15	0	15	15	10
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	280	90	190	195	70	120
American Sign Language	215	45	165	145	60	90
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	70	45	25	50	15	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	48,735	25,645	23,085	1,040	585	455
Chinese languages	48,645	25,595	23,055	1,035	580	455
Cantonese	23,555	12,020	11,535	635	350	285
Hakka	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	23,835	12,935	10,900	390	220	170
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	210	120	85	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	50	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	985	485	500	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	85	50	30	10	10	0
Burmese	25	15	15	0	10	0
Karenic languages	55	35	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	170	65	110	15	10	10
Lao	10	0	10	10	0	10
Thai	165	65	105	0	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	65	50	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	55	40	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	0	0	0
Multiple responses	48,205	23,795	24,410	5,890	2,945	2,940
English and French	4,210	1,865	2,345	1,870	800	1,065
English and non-official language	43,480	21,760	21,720	3,980	2,135	1,845
French and non-official language	55	30	25	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	465	145	320	35	0	25
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120	451,980	232,315	219,670
None	2,498,070	1,293,650	1,204,420	423,610	219,335	204,280
English	36,505	18,270	18,235	5,035	1,910	3,130
French	22,465	10,170	12,300	9,700	4,050	5,645
Non-official language	110,375	54,925	55,455	13,320	6,855	6,465
Aboriginal	1,860	630	1,225	390	145	245
Non-Aboriginal	108,515	54,295	54,225	12,930	6,705	6,225
English and French	60	40	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,155	545	610	40	30	0
French and non-official language	2,070	980	1,090	265	130	135
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	4,516,810	2,215,515	2,301,295	753,255	370,510	382,745
Non-movers	3,811,375	1,868,420	1,942,945	647,130	317,840	329,285
Movers	705,440	347,095	358,345	106,125	52,665	53,455
Non-migrants	386,620	189,765	196,855	77,295	38,225	39,070
Migrants	318,825	157,335	161,490	28,830	14,445	14,385
Internal migrants	249,960	123,425	126,540	16,635	8,425	8,210
Intraprovincial migrants	188,225	92,150	96,070	9,965	4,905	5,065
Interprovincial migrants	61,740	31,275	30,465	6,665	3,520	3,145
External migrants	68,860	33,910	34,950	12,195	6,020	6,175
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	4,339,960	2,124,780	2,215,180	718,335	352,290	366,050
Non-movers	2,490,535	1,220,635	1,269,905	428,405	209,615	218,795
Movers	1,849,425	904,145	945,275	289,930	142,675	147,255
Non-migrants	940,895	460,185	480,710	189,375	92,775	96,600
Migrants	908,535	443,965	464,570	100,550	49,900	50,650
Internal migrants	672,805	329,700	343,105	47,325	23,305	24,015
Intraprovincial migrants	503,685	245,895	257,795	29,695	14,445	15,250
Interprovincial migrants	169,115	83,805	85,310	17,630	8,860	8,765
External migrants	235,730	114,265	121,465	53,230	26,590	26,640