Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sault Ste. Marie [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Sault Ste. Marie Ontario [Census agglomeration]			Cottlesville, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Sault Ste. Marie [Census agglomeration], Ontario Map : Sault Ste. Marie [Census agglomeration], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	78,159	...	...	271	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	79,800	...	...	272	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.1	...	...	-0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	36,769	...	...	148	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	34,530	...	...	122	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	97.0	...	...	24.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	805.60	...	...	11.17	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	78,160	37,900	40,265	275	140	130
0 to 14 years	11,300	5,845	5,455	35	20	15
0 to 4 years	3,755	1,930	1,825	25	10	10
5 to 9 years	3,800	2,005	1,790	10	10	0
10 to 14 years	3,745	1,910	1,835	5	5	0
15 to 64 years	49,655	24,330	25,325	165	90	80
15 to 19 years	4,120	2,175	1,945	10	0	5
20 to 24 years	4,780	2,460	2,320	5	5	0
25 to 29 years	4,450	2,250	2,205	10	10	5
30 to 34 years	4,300	2,100	2,205	10	5	5
35 to 39 years	4,280	2,045	2,240	10	10	5
40 to 44 years	4,260	2,055	2,205	15	5	10
45 to 49 years	4,730	2,310	2,420	35	20	15
50 to 54 years	6,080	2,860	3,220	20	10	10
55 to 59 years	6,785	3,210	3,575	20	15	10
60 to 64 years	5,860	2,870	2,990	20	10	15
65 years and over	17,200	7,720	9,480	70	30	40
65 to 69 years	5,230	2,530	2,700	25	15	10
70 to 74 years	3,850	1,810	2,045	25	10	20
75 to 79 years	3,070	1,390	1,680	10	0	5
80 to 84 years	2,510	1,100	1,410	5	0	0
85 years and over	2,535	885	1,650	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	1,650	640	1,010	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	690	215	480	0	5	0
95 to 99 years	180	30	145	0	0	0
100 years and over	20	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.5	15.4	13.5	12.7	14.3	11.5
15 to 64 years	63.5	64.2	62.9	60.0	64.3	61.5
65 years and over	22.0	20.4	23.5	25.5	21.4	30.8
85 years and over	3.2	2.3	4.1	1.8	3.6	0.0
Average age of the population	44.4	43.1	45.7	47.3	45.8	48.8
Median age of the population	46.7	45.0	48.3	50.3	49.2	52.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	34,530	...	...	120	...	...
Single-detached house	23,050	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,095	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,375	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,855	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	935	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,570	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,900	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	110	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	34,530	...	...	125	...	...
1 person	10,975	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	12,770	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	5,190	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	3,960	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	1,635	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	76,670	...	...	270	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	66,855	32,050	34,805	235	120	115
Married or living common law	37,435	18,720	18,715	165	85	85
Married	30,740	15,380	15,365	150	75	75
Living common law	6,700	3,345	3,355	15	5	5
Not married and not living common law	29,425	13,335	16,090	70	35	35
Never married	17,215	9,295	7,920	40	25	10
Separated	2,275	1,005	1,265	5	0	5
Divorced	4,580	1,915	2,665	10	5	5
Widowed	5,355	1,115	4,240	20	0	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	22,810	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	13,000	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	4,875	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	3,700	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,230	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	22,810	...	...	95	...	...
Total couple families	18,415	...	...	80	...	...
Married couples	15,065	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	3,345	...	...	10	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,395	...	...	10	...	...
Female parent	3,440	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	955	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	18,410	...	...	85	...	...
Couples without children	10,155	...	...	50	...	...
Couples with children	8,260	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	3,745	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	3,380	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	1,140	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,395	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	2,850	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,130	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	415	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,735	6,835	7,900	40	20	20
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	34,530	...	...	120	...	...
One-census-family households	22,080	...	...	90	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,870	...	...	50	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,210	...	...	40	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	365	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	12,085	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	10,975	...	...	30	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,110	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	77,075	37,515	39,560	270	140	130
English only	69,630	34,385	35,240	265	140	125
French only	45	10	30	0	0	0
English and French	7,120	3,025	4,090	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	285	90	200	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	77,075	37,515	39,560	270	140	135
English	74,415	36,355	38,060	270	140	130
French	2,285	1,020	1,265	0	0	0
English and French	100	55	45	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	275	80	190	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,335	1,050	1,285	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.0	2.8	3.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	77,075	37,515	39,560	270	140	130
Single responses	76,195	37,115	39,085	275	135	130
Official languages	69,625	33,925	35,700	270	140	135
English	67,105	32,810	34,290	270	140	130
French	2,520	1,110	1,410	0	0	0
Non-official languages	6,575	3,190	3,385	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	125	40	80	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	105	40	70	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	100	30	65	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	95	35	60	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,455	3,150	3,300	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	220	170	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	210	170	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	210	165	45	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	5	25	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,150	2,485	2,665	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	680	305	370	0	0	0
Baltic languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	630	290	340	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	115	60	60	0	0	0
Czech	25	15	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	265	105	160	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	610	280	335	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	100	45	60	0	0	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	430	205	230	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	250	140	115	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	230	125	100	0	0	0
Bengali	40	25	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	65	35	35	0	0	0
Hindi	70	45	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,580	1,740	1,840	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	3,225	1,570	1,655	0	0	0
Portuguese	170	75	90	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Spanish	180	85	90	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	210	105	110	0	0	0
Chinese languages	200	95	105	0	0	0
Cantonese	75	40	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	55	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	665	295	370	0	0	0
Estonian	70	25	40	0	0	0
Finnish	545	245	305	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	875	395	475	0	0	0
English and French	365	160	205	0	0	0
English and non-official language	480	225	260	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	77,075	37,515	39,560	270	140	130
Single responses	75,965	36,975	38,990	270	140	130
Official languages	74,075	36,135	37,945	275	140	130
English	73,520	35,905	37,615	270	140	135
French	555	230	330	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,890	845	1,045	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,875	840	1,030	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	75	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	75	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	100	75	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,395	590	805	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	55	85	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	55	80	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	60	20	40	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	20	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	60	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,075	450	625	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	940	375	565	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	25	35	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	45	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages	115	60	55	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	45	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	155	65	90	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	130	55	75	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,110	535	575	0	0	0
English and French	160	65	90	0	0	0
English and non-official language	935	465	470	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	77,075	37,515	39,560	270	140	130
None	71,770	35,115	36,655	270	140	130
English	1,165	520	645	0	0	0
French	1,645	675	970	0	0	0
Non-official language	2,445	1,180	1,265	0	0	0
Aboriginal	210	85	120	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,235	1,095	1,145	0	0	0
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	65,390	31,530	33,860	235	120	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,240	30,505	32,735	230	115	110
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,311	40,485	26,800	20,203	30,272	17,152
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,260	30,505	32,760	230	120	110
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,464	36,398	24,979	19,648	28,096	16,832
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	55,640	27,625	28,015	165	95	70
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,238	36,660	23,323	16,384	26,048	10,464
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,725	22,165	26,555	205	105	105
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,479	8,575	8,355	11,904	13,216	10,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	44,505	23,770	20,735	130	85	50
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,989	32,706	26,406	20,224	30,880	12,256
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	65,390	31,485	33,905	210	120	85
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,145	30,365	32,775	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,134	49,758	35,070	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,160	30,365	32,795	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,919	41,649	30,613	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	55,545	27,525	28,015	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,733	47,374	32,225	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,555	22,130	26,430	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,340	9,348	9,332	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	44,505	23,635	20,870	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,799	43,267	33,739	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	65,390	31,485	33,905	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	18,905	10,265	8,640	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,231	65,454	46,311	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	60,911	68,187	52,259	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.0	86.6	78.2	70.6	78.2	47.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.7	67.8	60.6	64.2	73.8	39.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.0	13.4	21.8	29.0	21.3	50.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	65,390	31,535	33,860	235	115	120
Without total income	2,155	1,025	1,125	5	0	5
With total income	63,240	30,505	32,735	230	115	110
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.7	96.7	97.9	100.0	91.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,810	3,130	4,675	30	5	25
$10,000 to $19,999	11,180	3,915	7,265	80	30	50
$20,000 to $29,999	9,735	3,725	6,010	40	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	8,495	4,305	4,190	20	10	5
$40,000 to $49,999	6,540	3,230	3,310	15	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	4,725	2,535	2,190	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	3,540	2,035	1,505	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,050	1,930	1,120	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,450	1,685	765	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,075	1,305	770	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	3,640	2,705	930	15	15	0
$100,000 to $149,999	2,880	2,135	745	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	760	575	190	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	65,390	31,535	33,860	235	120	115
Without after-tax income	2,130	1,025	1,100	5	0	5
With after-tax income	63,265	30,505	32,755	230	120	110
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	96.7	96.7	97.9	100.0	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,080	3,185	4,900	35	5	30
$10,000 to $19,999	11,635	4,110	7,530	80	30	55
$20,000 to $29,999	11,395	4,535	6,860	50	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	9,710	5,005	4,705	20	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	6,940	3,615	3,325	10	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	5,035	2,950	2,085	15	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	3,815	2,535	1,285	10	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,030	1,940	1,090	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	3,620	2,630	985	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,565	1,125	440	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	825	605	220	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,230	905	320	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	65,395	31,530	33,855	235	115	115
Without employment income	20,885	7,765	13,120	105	35	65
With employment income	44,505	23,765	20,735	130	80	50
Percentage with employment income	68.1	75.4	61.2	55.3	69.6	43.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,585	5,410	3,175	20	10	10
$5,000 to $9,999	3,625	1,525	2,100	20	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	5,695	2,390	3,305	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	4,820	2,055	2,765	15	10	5
$30,000 to $39,999	4,070	1,680	2,395	10	5	0
$40,000 to $49,999	3,750	1,635	2,110	5	0	0
$50,000 to $59,999	2,900	1,545	1,360	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,235	1,315	915	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,345	1,535	805	5	5	5
$80,000 and over	6,480	4,680	1,800	20	20	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,025	1,425	605	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,770	1,140	630	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	2,685	2,110	570	15	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	34,530	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,814	...	...	46,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,470	...	...	45,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,975	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,859	...	...	20,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,689	...	...	19,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	23,555	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,046	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,144	...	...	54,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	34,530	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,048	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,700	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,990	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,158	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,845	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	23,545	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,728	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,564	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	34,530	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	350	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	545	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,370	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,580	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,005	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,600	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,665	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,705	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,710	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,545	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,735	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,390	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,225	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,950	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,695	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,470	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,435	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,385	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,410	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,235	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	34,530	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	370	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	560	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,370	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,665	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,235	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,755	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,935	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,885	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,965	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,710	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,260	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,820	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,475	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,045	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,795	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,695	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,220	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,745	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,740	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	22,760	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,649	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,529	...	...	54,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,680	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,849	...	...	44,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,480	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,355	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,773	...	...	92,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,145	...	...	80,384	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,170	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,389	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,051	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	22,745	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,307	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,937	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,560	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,633	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,114	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,350	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,019	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,142	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,220	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,870	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,909	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,315	6,200	7,120	35	15	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,808	32,000	25,495	20,032	0	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,069	29,184	24,322	19,648	0	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	13,270	6,165	7,105	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,124	39,491	35,072	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,227	33,724	30,928	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	76,670	37,370	39,305	275	140	130
In the bottom half of the distribution	39,425	18,360	21,065	180	90	85
In the bottom decile	8,095	3,815	4,280	30	15	10
In the second decile	8,080	3,290	4,785	70	30	40
In the third decile	7,945	3,700	4,245	30	20	10
In the fourth decile	7,800	3,780	4,020	25	15	10
In the fifth decile	7,510	3,780	3,725	25	15	10
In the top half of the distribution	37,245	19,005	18,240	95	50	45
In the sixth decile	7,315	3,645	3,670	25	10	15
In the seventh decile	7,775	3,940	3,835	25	15	10
In the eighth decile	8,440	4,345	4,095	15	10	5
In the ninth decile	8,220	4,245	3,970	20	10	10
In the top decile	5,500	2,835	2,660	15	10	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	75,550	36,815	38,730	270	140	135
0 to 17 years	13,350	6,900	6,445	40	20	15
0 to 5 years	4,415	2,295	2,120	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	46,295	22,605	23,690	160	85	75
65 years and over	15,905	7,315	8,590	70	30	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,585	5,070	6,515	75	35	35
0 to 17 years	2,830	1,485	1,345	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	1,085	565	520	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	7,000	3,115	3,885	40	20	15
65 years and over	1,755	470	1,285	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	13.8	16.8	27.8	25.0	25.9
0 to 17 years (%)	21.2	21.5	20.9	37.5	50.0	33.3
0 to 5 years (%)	24.6	24.6	24.5	20.0	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	15.1	13.8	16.4	25.0	23.5	20.0
65 years and over (%)	11.0	6.4	15.0	35.7	33.3	42.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,955	2,875	3,080	10	5	5
0 to 17 years	1,265	670	595	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	535	290	245	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,405	2,110	2,290	10	5	5
65 years and over	290	95	195	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.9	7.8	8.0	3.7	3.6	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	9.5	9.7	9.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.1	12.6	11.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.5	9.3	9.7	6.3	5.9	6.7
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.3	2.3	0.0	0.0	14.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	76,670	37,365	39,305	245	150	100
Official languages	76,405	37,290	39,110	245	145	95
English	76,370	37,280	39,090	245	150	95
French	7,140	2,990	4,150	0	0	0
Non-official languages	8,625	4,185	4,445	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	470	170	295	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	445	165	280	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	405	150	255	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	395	145	245	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,165	4,010	4,150	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	225	185	40	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	0	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	225	185	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	210	175	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	10	35	0	0	0
Bikol	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	30	10	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,580	3,175	3,405	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	670	285	380	0	0	0
Baltic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	650	280	365	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	110	45	60	0	0	0
Czech	80	40	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	275	100	175	0	0	0
Russian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	20	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	110	50	55	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	750	350	400	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	20	10	0	0	0
Dutch	65	15	55	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	590	295	290	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	40	10	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	370	205	165	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	370	205	160	0	0	0
Bengali	75	40	35	0	0	0
Gujarati	85	45	40	0	0	0
Hindi	215	125	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	35	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,800	2,335	2,465	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	4,185	2,020	2,165	0	0	0
Portuguese	245	125	120	0	0	0
Romanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	415	195	225	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	30	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	200	90	105	0	0	0
American Sign Language	115	50	70	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	90	50	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	245	130	115	0	0	0
Chinese languages	240	125	115	0	0	0
Cantonese	100	60	45	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	55	60	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	765	350	415	0	0	0
Estonian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Finnish	640	275	365	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	40	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	76,670	37,365	39,305	245	145	95
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	75,330	36,700	38,625	240	150	95
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,635	7,140	6,495	30	20	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	61,695	29,565	32,135	210	120	85
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,340	665	675	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	76,670	37,365	39,305	240	150	95
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	69,800	33,995	35,805	245	145	95
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	6,515	3,160	3,360	0	0	0
Before 1981	5,055	2,455	2,595	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	305	150	150	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	310	145	170	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	585	280	305	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	250	130	115	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	335	145	190	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	260	130	135	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	360	215	145	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	6,520	3,160	3,355	0	0	0
Under 5 years	1,055	510	545	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,485	780	700	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,990	900	1,090	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	1,815	910	905	0	0	0
45 years and over	175	65	115	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,515	3,160	3,355	0	0	0
Americas	1,105	470	640	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	15	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	40	25	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	855	355	500	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	120	55	60	0	0	0
Europe	4,660	2,310	2,350	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	55	25	30	0	0	0
France	35	20	15	0	0	0
Germany	405	190	210	0	0	0
Greece	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungary	55	45	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Italy	2,235	1,110	1,130	0	0	0
Netherlands	70	25	40	0	0	0
Poland	100	30	75	0	0	0
Portugal	180	95	85	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	795	360	435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	610	340	275	0	0	0
Africa	70	55	15	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	0	0	0	0
Asia	635	305	330	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	45	20	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	145	55	90	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	25	15	15	0	0	0
India	185	105	75	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	0	40	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	45	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	260	130	130	0	0	0
Americas	60	30	30	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	15	0	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	160	80	85	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	105	60	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	76,670	37,365	39,305	240	145	95
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	7,200	3,565	3,635	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	12,575	6,075	6,500	10	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	56,895	27,730	29,170	235	145	95
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,520	735	795	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	655	335	315	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	275	215	60	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	380	120	255	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	730	300	430	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	125	85	40	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	76,670	37,370	39,300	245	145	95
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	9,545	4,370	5,175	20	15	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	9,365	4,300	5,065	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	5,500	2,355	3,145	15	15	0
Métis	3,845	1,925	1,915	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	90	50	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	90	25	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	67,125	32,995	34,125	225	130	95
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	76,670	37,365	39,305	245	150	95
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	4,470	1,890	2,580	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	72,200	35,475	36,720	235	140	95
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	76,675	37,365	39,305	245	145	95
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,650	1,185	1,460	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,595	1,155	1,435	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,220	970	1,255	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	365	185	180	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	55	30	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	25	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	8,015	3,890	4,125	30	25	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	7,770	3,780	3,985	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,670	2,145	2,530	30	20	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,080	1,625	1,455	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	250	110	135	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	245	110	140	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	66,005	32,290	33,715	205	120	90
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	76,670	37,365	39,305	245	150	95
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,045	1,100	945	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	485	265	220	0	0	0
Chinese	390	185	210	0	0	0
Black	490	260	230	0	0	0
Filipino	80	30	55	0	0	0
Latin American	80	35	45	0	0	0
Arab	225	180	45	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	35	10	25	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	80	45	40	0	0	0
Japanese	35	20	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	65	30	30	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	74,630	36,270	38,355	240	150	95
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	76,670	37,365	39,305	245	145	95
North American Aboriginal origins	10,665	5,075	5,590	35	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,200	3,255	3,945	30	30	10
Inuit	30	25	10	0	0	0
Métis	3,740	1,940	1,795	0	0	0
Other North American origins	24,965	11,930	13,035	200	120	75
Acadian	95	45	45	0	0	0
American	1,025	475	550	0	0	0
Canadian	24,360	11,630	12,725	200	125	75
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	50	15	30	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	61,550	29,910	31,640	50	30	20
British Isles origins	37,450	17,850	19,595	50	30	20
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	15	0	10	0	0	0
English	21,265	9,945	11,320	45	30	20
Irish	16,685	7,800	8,890	0	0	0
Manx	15	0	15	0	0	0
Scottish	16,525	8,000	8,520	20	10	10
Welsh	1,300	595	705	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,505	760	740	0	0	0
French origins	17,790	8,405	9,385	0	0	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	17,790	8,405	9,390	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	9,635	4,745	4,890	0	0	0
Austrian	355	150	205	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	190	140	50	0	0	0
Dutch	2,215	1,075	1,140	0	0	0
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	7,250	3,535	3,715	0	0	0
Luxembourger	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	85	55	30	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	5,945	2,740	3,200	0	0	0
Danish	385	215	175	0	0	0
Finnish	3,870	1,785	2,085	0	0	0
Icelandic	120	35	90	0	0	0
Norwegian	700	330	370	0	0	0
Swedish	1,320	575	750	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	115	60	60	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	7,740	3,750	3,985	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	185	105	80	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	155	90	70	0	0	0
Estonian	215	125	90	0	0	0
Hungarian	385	180	205	0	0	0
Latvian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	215	120	90	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,980	1,425	1,560	0	0	0
Romanian	170	75	90	0	0	0
Russian	460	215	240	0	0	0
Slovak	220	115	110	0	0	0
Ukrainian	3,790	1,765	2,020	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	17,430	8,815	8,610	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	705	370	335	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	155	90	65	0	0	0
Italian	16,025	8,100	7,925	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	100	45	50	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	0	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	375	185	185	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	90	60	35	0	0	0
Spanish	260	115	145	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	95	60	40	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	175	100	75	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	90	50	45	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	80	55	30	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	345	185	160	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	150	90	60	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	180	115	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	55	35	20	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	410	245	165	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	145	80	65	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	10	15	0	0	0
North African origins	35	25	15	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	235	150	85	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	50	25	30	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	185	120	60	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,750	880	870	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	495	270	225	0	0	0
Afghan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	125	105	20	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	165	60	105	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Syrian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	20	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	25	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	545	290	255	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	65	35	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	370	200	175	0	0	0
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	35	10	25	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	15	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	30	0	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	735	330	405	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Chinese	450	195	255	10	0	0
Filipino	105	35	70	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	50	35	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	65	35	25	0	0	0
Australian	60	30	30	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	34,530	...	...	105	...	...
Owner	24,105	...	...	90	...	...
Renter	10,380	...	...	20	...	...
Band housing	45	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	34,530	...	...	110	...	...
Condominium	750	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	33,780	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	34,530	...	...	110	...	...
No bedrooms	85	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,110	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,740	...	...	20	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,190	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,405	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	34,530	...	...	105	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,420	...	...	10	...	...
5 rooms	5,145	...	...	0	...	...
6 rooms	5,600	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	5,005	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,360	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	34,530	...	...	110	...	...
One person or fewer per room	34,415	...	...	110	...	...
More than 1 person per room	115	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	34,530	...	...	110	...	...
Suitable	33,790	...	...	110	...	...
Not suitable	740	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	34,530	...	...	110	...	...
1960 or before	12,145	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,870	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,975	...	...	40	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,285	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	765	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	820	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	675	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	34,530	...	...	105	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	32,095	...	...	100	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,435	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	34,530	...	...	105	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,000	...	...	80	...	...
2 household maintainers	12,085	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	445	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	34,530	...	...	110	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,105	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,040	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,695	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,265	...	...	35	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,540	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,685	...	...	10	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,720	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	1,485	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	34,040	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	26,950	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,095	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,480	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,720	...	...	90	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.2	...	...	27.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.2	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	881	...	...	404	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,020	...	...	585	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,631	...	...	109,605	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	236,729	...	...	135,930	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,335	...	...	15	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	22.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.3	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	773	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	786	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	65,390	31,485	33,905	210	120	90
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,410	5,905	6,500	110	55	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,425	9,010	10,420	40	25	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,560	16,575	16,985	60	40	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,235	4,215	1,020	25	15	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,275	1,640	630	20	20	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,965	2,575	390	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,250	6,970	9,285	30	15	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	950	390	555	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,125	5,000	6,130	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	8,175	3,475	4,705	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	845	375	470	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	210	90	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,515	755	765	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	290	195	100	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	40,535	19,505	21,030	155	95	65
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,870	1,925	1,945	65	35	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,475	5,565	5,905	35	25	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,195	12,015	13,180	50	25	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,250	2,620	625	15	15	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,385	1,000	380	15	15	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,860	1,615	245	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,740	5,465	7,275	25	10	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	660	300	355	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,550	3,625	4,920	10	10	10
Bachelor's degree	6,355	2,585	3,770	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	610	260	355	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	235	150	85	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,115	490	625	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	230	150	85	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	65,390	31,485	33,905	210	120	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	31,830	14,915	16,915	150	85	65
Education	2,115	545	1,575	0	0	0
13. Education	2,120	540	1,575	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	725	305	420	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	85	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	615	225	395	0	0	0
Humanities	1,260	520	740	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	100	10	90	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	340	95	250	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	310	125	185	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	30	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	95	50	0	0	0
54. History	240	140	105	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	55	20	30	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,805	1,185	2,625	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	180	65	110	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	860	70	795	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	530	185	345	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	20	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	980	265	720	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,180	580	595	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,705	1,790	3,920	10	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	995	160	830	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,710	1,625	3,080	10	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	880	480	405	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	475	250	230	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	170	100	65	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	100	70	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	10	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,045	645	395	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	850	540	310	10	0	10
25. Library science	60	0	55	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	85	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,070	7,780	290	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	100	90	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	670	630	45	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,840	1,715	125	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,615	1,595	20	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,320	2,265	50	10	0	0
48. Precision production	1,525	1,485	45	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	905	710	195	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	155	115	40	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	750	595	150	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,190	1,065	5,120	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	465	280	180	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,630	720	4,910	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	65	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,850	1,555	1,295	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,230	250	985	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,040	745	295	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	555	20	10	10	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	40,535	19,505	21,030	155	95	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,340	7,490	7,850	105	65	40
Education	1,415	315	1,090	0	0	0
13. Education	1,410	315	1,095	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	525	210	315	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	35	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	470	180	295	0	0	0
Humanities	845	350	495	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	15	55	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	220	45	180	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	235	100	135	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	65	30	0	0	0
54. History	170	95	80	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	15	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,035	865	2,170	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	70	95	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	735	45	685	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	435	135	300	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	20	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	715	165	555	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	925	440	485	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,480	1,390	3,090	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	800	135	670	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,685	1,260	2,430	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	655	350	310	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	375	190	185	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	75	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	115	65	50	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	880	535	350	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	745	470	280	0	0	0
25. Library science	45	10	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	50	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,710	5,460	250	25	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	80	65	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	475	440	30	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,430	1,315	115	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,090	1,065	20	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,630	1,595	35	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,010	970	35	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	715	545	165	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	120	90	35	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	590	455	135	10	10	0
Health and related fields	4,730	780	3,950	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	375	220	160	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,280	515	3,765	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	45	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,200	1,220	980	0	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	890	170	720	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	865	625	240	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	435	420	20	10	10	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	65,390	31,485	33,905	210	125	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,830	14,910	16,920	155	85	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,560	16,575	16,990	60	45	20
Location of study inside Canada	30,425	14,905	15,520	60	40	20
Same as province or territory of residence	29,320	14,340	14,980	40	25	10
Different than province or territory of residence	1,105	560	540	20	15	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,140	1,670	1,470	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,175	1,140	1,035	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	15	0	0	0
India	115	55	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	200	115	85	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	10	25	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	595	345	255	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	40,535	19,500	21,030	155	90	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,340	7,490	7,850	105	65	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	25,195	12,015	13,180	50	30	20
Location of study inside Canada	23,040	10,970	12,070	45	30	20
Same as province or territory of residence	22,210	10,540	11,670	35	15	15
Different than province or territory of residence	830	430	400	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,155	1,045	1,110	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,640	810	830	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	0	0	0
India	110	60	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	30	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	15	25	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	310	140	170	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	65,390	31,485	33,905	210	125	90
In the labour force	37,605	19,065	18,540	85	70	20
Employed	33,725	16,720	17,010	65	50	15
Unemployed	3,880	2,350	1,530	25	15	10
Not in the labour force	27,785	12,415	15,365	130	55	65
Participation rate	57.5	60.6	54.7	40.5	56.0	22.2
Employment rate	51.6	53.1	50.2	31.0	40.0	16.7
Unemployment rate	10.3	12.3	8.3	29.4	21.4	50.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	65,395	31,485	33,905	210	125	90
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,925	11,330	14,600	120	50	65
Worked	39,465	20,155	19,310	95	70	20
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	19,285	10,520	8,760	10	10	0
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	20,180	9,635	10,550	80	65	20
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	41.8	42.5	28.7	31.3	19.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	37,605	19,070	18,540	85	65	20
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,025	490	535	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	36,585	18,580	18,005	85	65	20
Employee	33,985	16,995	16,990	85	60	25
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,600	1,585	1,010	10	10	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	37,610	19,070	18,540	85	65	20
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,025	490	535	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	36,585	18,580	18,005	85	65	20
0 Management occupations	2,900	1,735	1,165	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,835	1,295	3,535	10	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,130	1,700	430	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,400	575	2,825	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,640	1,465	3,170	10	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	690	325	365	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	9,765	3,765	6,005	0	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,100	5,805	300	35	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	585	530	60	25	20	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,535	1,380	160	10	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	37,610	19,065	18,540	85	65	20
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,025	490	535	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	36,580	18,580	18,005	85	65	20
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	255	200	50	25	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	250	210	40	0	10	0
22 Utilities	375	255	120	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,645	2,445	200	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,730	3,305	420	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	755	590	170	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,760	2,115	2,650	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,280	950	335	0	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	435	240	195	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	885	275	610	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	520	265	250	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,255	665	590	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,335	1,270	1,060	0	0	0
61 Educational services	2,885	895	1,995	10	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,710	835	4,875	0	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,275	625	650	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,000	1,095	1,900	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,460	750	705	10	0	0
91 Public administration	2,760	1,595	1,160	10	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	33,730	16,720	17,005	65	50	15
Worked at home	1,230	570	655	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	190	80	105	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,165	2,345	815	20	20	0
Worked at usual place	29,145	13,715	15,430	45	25	15
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	29,145	13,715	15,430	45	25	20
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,655	12,435	14,225	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,965	940	1,025	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	430	265	175	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	90	85	0	0	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	32,305	16,065	16,240	60	40	15
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,940	13,660	13,275	40	30	10
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,195	860	1,335	10	10	10
Public transit	1,200	485	715	0	0	0
Walked	1,450	705	750	0	0	0
Bicycle	280	230	50	0	0	0
Other method	250	130	120	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	32,305	16,065	16,245	60	45	15
Less than 15 minutes	18,405	8,825	9,580	10	10	0
15 to 29 minutes	11,020	5,575	5,440	30	25	10
30 to 44 minutes	1,950	1,135	810	10	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	445	240	210	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	490	285	210	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	32,305	16,065	16,240	60	40	20
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,880	1,365	515	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,930	3,135	1,795	10	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,765	4,275	3,490	20	15	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,860	3,300	5,555	0	10	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,210	1,130	2,080	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,660	2,855	2,805	10	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	40,670	20,760	19,905	100	80	20
Single responses	40,485	20,715	19,765	100	80	20
Official languages	40,465	20,705	19,760	100	80	20
English	40,250	20,665	19,590	100	80	20
French	215	45	175	0	0	0
Non-official languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	185	50	135	0	0	0
English and French	150	45	105	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	0	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	40,665	20,765	19,905	100	80	20
None	39,190	20,280	18,910	100	80	20
English	165	40	125	0	0	0
French	960	300	655	0	0	0
Non-official language	310	115	190	0	0	10
Aboriginal	55	10	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	260	115	145	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	15	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	76,040	36,985	39,055	230	140	95
Non-movers	67,680	33,150	34,530	210	120	85
Movers	8,360	3,835	4,525	25	15	0
Non-migrants	6,445	2,970	3,475	0	0	0
Migrants	1,915	865	1,045	25	20	0
Internal migrants	1,715	795	915	25	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	1,490	655	830	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	225	140	90	20	15	0
External migrants	195	70	130	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	72,880	35,380	37,505	215	125	95
Non-movers	50,375	24,730	25,650	170	100	65
Movers	22,505	10,645	11,860	50	25	25
Non-migrants	16,485	7,800	8,690	10	10	0
Migrants	6,020	2,845	3,170	40	20	15
Internal migrants	5,375	2,535	2,840	45	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	4,735	2,200	2,530	25	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	640	335	310	15	10	10
External migrants	645	315	330	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Sault Ste. Marie [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Cottlesville, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 30, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sault Ste. Marie [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Sault Ste. Marie [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sault Ste. Marie [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador