Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abbotsford [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Two Hills, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Abbotsford British Columbia [Federal electoral district]			Two Hills, T Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Abbotsford [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : Abbotsford [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Two Hills, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	101,814	...	...	1,352	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	97,076 ^r	...	...	1,379	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.9	...	...	-2.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	39,859	...	...	478	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	37,878	...	...	399	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	580.7	...	...	400.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	175.34	...	...	3.38	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	101,815	49,855	51,960	1,355	655	695
0 to 14 years	17,760	9,145	8,610	420	200	215
0 to 4 years	5,870	3,005	2,865	155	80	70
5 to 9 years	6,075	3,125	2,945	160	75	85
10 to 14 years	5,815	3,015	2,800	105	45	55
15 to 64 years	65,635	32,555	33,075	675	345	335
15 to 19 years	6,240	3,180	3,060	90	45	50
20 to 24 years	6,800	3,500	3,300	75	40	35
25 to 29 years	6,900	3,500	3,400	85	45	45
30 to 34 years	6,890	3,430	3,460	85	45	35
35 to 39 years	6,190	3,050	3,140	75	30	40
40 to 44 years	6,180	2,995	3,185	60	35	25
45 to 49 years	6,690	3,250	3,445	45	20	25
50 to 54 years	6,805	3,430	3,375	45	30	20
55 to 59 years	6,855	3,335	3,525	55	35	25
60 to 64 years	6,080	2,890	3,190	65	25	40
65 years and over	18,425	8,150	10,270	255	110	150
65 to 69 years	5,670	2,585	3,085	65	35	30
70 to 74 years	4,135	1,975	2,165	50	25	30
75 to 79 years	3,180	1,435	1,740	50	25	25
80 to 84 years	2,460	1,125	1,335	35	15	20
85 years and over	2,980	1,030	1,950	60	10	45
85 to 89 years	1,795	680	1,115	25	5	20
90 to 94 years	900	285	615	25	5	20
95 to 99 years	255	65	185	5	0	5
100 years and over	30	0	30	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.4	18.3	16.6	31.0	30.5	30.9
15 to 64 years	64.5	65.3	63.7	49.8	52.7	48.2
65 years and over	18.1	16.3	19.8	18.8	16.8	21.6
85 years and over	2.9	2.1	3.8	4.4	1.5	6.5
Average age of the population	40.8	39.6	41.9	35.5	33.9	37.1
Median age of the population	40.1	38.5	41.6	30.2	29.2	31.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	37,875	...	...	400	...	...
Single-detached house	13,765	...	...	365	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,000	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	23,020	...	...	25	...	...
Semi-detached house	970	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	3,495	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	6,365	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,155	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	95	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	37,880	...	...	395	...	...
1 person	10,370	...	...	105	...	...
2 persons	12,460	...	...	120	...	...
3 persons	5,160	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	5,085	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	4,805	...	...	100	...	...
Number of persons in private households	99,175	...	...	1,225	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	84,055	40,710	43,350	935	450	480
Married or living common law	49,190	24,710	24,480	570	290	285
Married	43,530	21,900	21,635	530	270	260
Living common law	5,660	2,815	2,845	45	20	20
Not married and not living common law	34,865	15,995	18,870	360	160	195
Never married	21,490	11,640	9,850	190	115	75
Separated	2,480	1,070	1,410	10	5	10
Divorced	5,610	2,175	3,435	50	25	25
Widowed	5,280	1,110	4,170	105	15	90
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	27,985	...	...	290	...	...
2 persons	14,110	...	...	120	...	...
3 persons	5,545	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	5,515	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	2,820	...	...	100	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	27,990	...	...	285	...	...
Total couple families	23,615	...	...	265	...	...
Married couples	20,785	...	...	240	...	...
Common-law couples	2,830	...	...	25	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,370	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	3,465	...	...	20	...	...
Male parent	900	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	23,615	...	...	265	...	...
Couples without children	11,545	...	...	105	...	...
Couples with children	12,070	...	...	155	...	...
1 child	4,250	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	5,140	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	2,680	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,370	...	...	20	...	...
1 child	2,565	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	1,295	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	515	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,050	7,855	9,195	135	60	75
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	37,875	...	...	400	...	...
One-census-family households	24,220	...	...	290	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,945	...	...	110	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	14,275	...	...	180	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,805	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,855	...	...	110	...	...
One-person households	10,370	...	...	100	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,485	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	99,785	48,735	51,050	1,270	620	650
English only	91,305	45,020	46,280	1,135	555	575
French only	25	10	10	0	0	0
English and French	4,685	2,075	2,610	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	3,770	1,625	2,145	115	55	60
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	99,785	48,735	51,050	1,265	620	650
English	95,025	46,615	48,410	1,140	560	580
French	740	370	370	15	5	10
English and French	310	145	165	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	3,715	1,605	2,105	110	60	55
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	890	440	450	15	5	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.2	0.8	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	99,785	48,735	51,050	1,265	620	650
Single responses	97,635	47,700	49,930	1,255	615	640
Official languages	71,460	35,085	36,375	470	225	245
English	70,640	34,675	35,960	450	220	230
French	820	410	410	20	5	15
Non-official languages	26,170	12,615	13,555	785	390	395
Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	5	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	26,145	12,605	13,540	785	390	395
Afro-Asiatic languages	355	195	160	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	345	185	155	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	310	170	140	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	5	10	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	545	235	310	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	525	225	300	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	875	350	520	10	0	5
Bikol	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	20	30	0	0	0
Fijian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	5	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	705	275	425	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	90	45	45	5	0	0
Kannada	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	45	20	25	5	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	21,100	10,270	10,835	765	385	380
Albanian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Armenian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,075	505	570	65	30	35
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,065	500	565	65	25	40
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	230	105	125	5	0	5
Russian	365	160	200	0	0	0
Serbian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	190	95	100	55	25	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,985	2,220	2,760	695	350	340
Afrikaans	95	45	50	0	5	5
Danish	105	50	55	0	0	0
Dutch	1,000	465	535	0	0	0
Frisian	25	15	15	0	0	0
German	3,650	1,600	2,045	690	345	345
Icelandic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Swedish	40	20	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	13,450	6,730	6,720	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	13,220	6,600	6,615	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	25	20	0	0	0
Hindi	375	180	200	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	0	0	5	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,610	6,305	6,310	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	130	65	65	0	0	0
Iranian languages	215	120	95	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	175	95	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,450	735	715	5	0	5
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	135	75	60	0	0	0
Portuguese	155	80	75	0	0	0
Romanian	200	105	95	5	0	0
Spanish	955	480	480	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	130	45	85	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,020	470	545	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	40	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dinka	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,310	635	680	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,305	630	675	0	5	0
Cantonese	365	190	175	5	5	0
Hakka	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	810	375	440	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	35	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	160	75	85	0	0	0
Lao	120	65	60	0	0	0
Thai	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	25	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	325	155	170	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	85	40	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	225	115	110	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,155	1,040	1,115	15	5	5
English and French	175	80	100	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,920	930	990	15	5	5
French and non-official language	30	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	20	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	99,790	48,735	51,050	1,265	620	645
Single responses	94,920	46,340	48,580	1,205	585	615
Official languages	80,235	39,120	41,115	580	280	300
English	80,090	39,045	41,045	580	280	295
French	145	75	70	0	0	0
Non-official languages	14,685	7,225	7,465	625	310	315
Aboriginal languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	14,680	7,215	7,465	625	310	315
Afro-Asiatic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	210	105	105	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	335	140	195	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	330	145	190	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	335	150	175	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	275	130	145	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	25	25	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	15	5	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	11,770	5,830	5,935	620	305	315
Albanian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	410	195	215	5	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	400	190	210	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	40	35	0	0	0
Russian	225	105	125	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	25	20	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	645	285	365	615	305	310
Afrikaans	55	25	30	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	55	20	30	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	525	230	295	575	285	290
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	20
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,025	4,990	5,035	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	9,910	4,930	4,975	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	175	90	85	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	9,610	4,780	4,825	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	85	40	45	0	0	0
Iranian languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	90	50	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	640	340	305	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Romanian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Spanish	475	260	215	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	30	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	830	365	465	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	850	435	410	0	0	0
Chinese languages	850	435	410	5	0	0
Cantonese	210	115	105	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	590	300	290	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Lao	55	30	30	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	15	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,865	2,395	2,470	65	35	30
English and French	105	45	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	4,690	2,320	2,370	65	35	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	30	45	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	99,785	48,735	51,050	1,265	620	645
None	88,150	43,020	45,125	945	465	480
English	4,990	2,545	2,445	210	105	110
French	685	300	385	5	0	5
Non-official language	5,810	2,790	3,020	100	50	50
Aboriginal	15	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,795	2,780	3,015	100	55	55
English and French	30	15	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	65	35	30	5	0	5
French and non-official language	60	30	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	81,455	39,385	42,070	810	405	405
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	78,260	37,905	40,355	770	395	380
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,471	39,361	24,434	30,048	40,832	23,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	78,345	37,990	40,360	770	395	380
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,876	34,552	23,342	28,096	36,224	22,208
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	69,320	34,465	34,850	640	365	280
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,974	39,134	21,452	31,552	39,232	22,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,375	23,840	32,535	515	225	295
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,958	4,417	6,608	7,072	2,936	9,312
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,985	30,320	28,660	545	325	220
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,828	39,593	22,445	34,432	40,704	25,984
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	81,650	39,470	42,175	800	400	395
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	78,365	37,920	40,445	755	380	375
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,503	48,946	32,586	38,319	46,119	30,369
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	78,430	37,985	40,450	760	385	375
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,641	40,682	28,967	30,653	39,311	21,831
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,390	34,385	35,000	640	370	270
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,323	48,702	30,110	38,842	43,897	31,963
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,460	23,845	32,620	470	195	270
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,888	7,608	8,092	9,102	7,621	10,170
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,095	30,280	28,820	540	325	215
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,575	47,082	29,636	41,100	44,803	35,565
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	81,645	39,470	42,175	800	405	400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	25,065	14,995	10,065	235	180	55
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,066	56,708	43,236	54,513	55,397	48,303
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,427	63,532	48,333	55,494	56,154	53,290
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.9	90.3	79.8	83.5	91.2	73.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.4	77.4	65.2	74.3	82.0	62.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.0	9.7	20.2	16.2	9.0	26.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	81,455	39,385	42,075	815	405	410
Without total income	3,200	1,480	1,720	45	15	25
With total income	78,255	37,905	40,350	770	390	380
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.2	95.9	94.5	96.3	92.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,390	4,610	6,780	115	40	75
$10,000 to $19,999	15,285	5,675	9,610	140	65	80
$20,000 to $29,999	11,960	4,660	7,295	130	50	80
$30,000 to $39,999	9,590	4,290	5,300	85	45	40
$40,000 to $49,999	7,785	3,900	3,885	90	55	30
$50,000 to $59,999	6,005	3,445	2,560	70	50	25
$60,000 to $69,999	4,450	2,865	1,575	40	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,410	2,280	1,125	30	15	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,595	1,765	835	15	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,640	1,145	495	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	4,155	3,265	890	35	25	10
$100,000 to $149,999	3,075	2,395	680	30	20	10
$150,000 and over	1,075	865	205	10	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	81,460	39,385	42,070	810	410	410
Without after-tax income	3,105	1,400	1,710	45	15	25
With after-tax income	78,350	37,985	40,360	770	390	380
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.4	95.9	95.1	95.1	92.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,775	4,830	6,950	115	40	75
$10,000 to $19,999	16,075	6,145	9,935	145	60	85
$20,000 to $29,999	13,930	5,580	8,350	155	65	90
$30,000 to $39,999	11,010	5,195	5,815	100	60	45
$40,000 to $49,999	8,395	4,525	3,870	100	65	30
$50,000 to $59,999	5,950	3,760	2,195	65	40	20
$60,000 to $69,999	4,105	2,760	1,345	30	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,740	1,865	875	30	20	10
$80,000 and over	4,355	3,330	1,030	35	25	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,635	1,200	430	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	880	670	205	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	1,845	1,460	385	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	81,460	39,385	42,075	815	410	405
Without employment income	22,475	9,065	13,410	275	80	190
With employment income	58,980	30,325	28,660	545	325	215
Percentage with employment income	72.4	77.0	68.1	66.9	79.3	53.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,850	3,950	4,895	55	35	20
$5,000 to $9,999	4,945	1,870	3,075	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	8,625	3,410	5,215	85	45	40
$20,000 to $29,999	7,195	3,040	4,155	75	30	45
$30,000 to $39,999	6,395	3,010	3,385	55	35	25
$40,000 to $49,999	5,765	3,045	2,725	70	40	30
$50,000 to $59,999	4,460	2,705	1,755	60	50	10
$60,000 to $69,999	3,405	2,295	1,105	30	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,700	1,890	810	20	15	10
$80,000 and over	6,650	5,115	1,535	55	40	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,135	1,510	625	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,350	975	380	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	3,160	2,635	530	35	25	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	37,875	...	...	400	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,584	...	...	64,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,721	...	...	57,643	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,370	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,364	...	...	32,576	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,351	...	...	30,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	27,505	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,921	...	...	74,325	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,782	...	...	66,688	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	37,900	...	...	395	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,746	...	...	72,765	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,688	...	...	58,209	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,360	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,449	...	...	44,078	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,946	...	...	37,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	27,535	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,040	...	...	84,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,516	...	...	66,629	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	37,880	...	...	400	...	...
Under $5,000	630	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	440	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,065	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,590	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,770	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,510	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,745	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,695	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,610	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,665	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,030	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,840	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,640	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,355	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,160	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,135	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,060	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,660	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,680	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,730	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,880	...	...	400	...	...
Under $5,000	660	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	440	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,085	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,640	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,010	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,830	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,045	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,940	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,960	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,855	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,555	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,160	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,910	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,510	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,115	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,155	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,575	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,120	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,465	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	26,535	...	...	295	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,275	...	...	74,155	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,184	...	...	66,432	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,795	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,745	...	...	74,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,337	...	...	66,688	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,025	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,163	...	...	76,544	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,648	...	...	68,864	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.3	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,875	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,738	...	...	54,528	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,821	...	...	52,736	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	26,570	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,371	...	...	84,991	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,850	...	...	66,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,790	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,015	...	...	94,176	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,769	...	...	80,186	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,035	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,319	...	...	83,477	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,075	...	...	73,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,855	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,450	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,147	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,390	6,755	7,640	120	50	70
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,453	33,872	26,319	32,704	38,528	31,232
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,052	30,342	24,923	30,016	32,448	28,736
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	14,325	6,855	7,470	130	50	80
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,260	41,319	33,536	42,086	43,357	41,280
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,291	34,879	29,916	36,245	36,504	36,081
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	99,175	48,510	50,665	1,230	610	620
In the bottom half of the distribution	53,915	25,505	28,410	870	430	440
In the bottom decile	9,615	4,465	5,155	165	90	80
In the second decile	10,695	4,705	5,990	200	90	105
In the third decile	10,700	5,060	5,635	205	95	105
In the fourth decile	11,755	5,765	5,995	180	90	95
In the fifth decile	11,145	5,515	5,635	115	65	55
In the top half of the distribution	45,260	23,005	22,255	355	180	175
In the sixth decile	10,640	5,315	5,330	115	55	60
In the seventh decile	9,975	5,025	4,950	70	35	30
In the eighth decile	9,420	4,815	4,610	70	40	35
In the ninth decile	8,620	4,420	4,200	60	35	30
In the top decile	6,605	3,435	3,170	40	15	20
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	99,000	48,415	50,585	1,230	610	620
0 to 17 years	21,320	10,930	10,390	475	235	245
0 to 5 years	7,045	3,615	3,435	190	100	90
18 to 64 years	60,825	29,860	30,965	605	305	300
65 years and over	16,850	7,620	9,230	145	70	80
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,940	6,220	7,715	270	145	125
0 to 17 years	3,660	1,915	1,740	140	75	60
0 to 5 years	1,155	605	545	65	40	25
18 to 64 years	7,600	3,350	4,250	110	60	50
65 years and over	2,675	955	1,725	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	12.8	15.3	22.0	23.8	20.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.2	17.5	16.7	29.5	31.9	24.5
0 to 5 years (%)	16.4	16.7	15.9	34.2	40.0	27.8
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	11.2	13.7	18.2	19.7	16.7
65 years and over (%)	15.9	12.5	18.7	13.8	14.3	12.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,915	3,705	4,210	75	45	30
0 to 17 years	1,995	1,050	950	30	20	10
0 to 5 years	575	295	280	20	15	5
18 to 64 years	5,320	2,440	2,875	45	30	15
65 years and over	600	215	380	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.0	7.7	8.3	6.1	7.4	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.4	9.6	9.1	6.3	8.5	4.1
0 to 5 years (%)	8.2	8.2	8.2	10.5	15.0	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.7	8.2	9.3	7.4	9.8	5.0
65 years and over (%)	3.6	2.8	4.1	3.4	7.1	6.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	99,460	48,665	50,795	1,245	580	660
Official languages	95,660	47,045	48,615	1,155	550	610
English	95,620	47,030	48,595	1,155	550	605
French	4,705	2,020	2,685	20	10	10
Non-official languages	31,415	15,250	16,165	925	425	500
Aboriginal languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	10	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	31,375	15,235	16,140	925	430	500
Afro-Asiatic languages	650	360	300	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	645	360	280	0	0	0
Amharic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	555	310	240	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	35	25	20	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	600	280	320	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	40	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	545	245	300	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,110	415	690	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	65	0	55	0	0	0
Fijian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	45	25	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,020	365	650	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	40	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	145	65	80	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	70	30	40	0	0	0
Tamil	80	40	40	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25,265	12,465	12,795	915	425	485
Albanian	90	45	40	0	0	0
Armenian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,355	640	715	70	25	45
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,345	635	710	70	25	45
Belarusan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Bulgarian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Croatian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Czech	80	45	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	275	125	145	10	0	10
Russian	555	260	285	0	0	10
Serbian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	45	25	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	265	110	150	60	25	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,405	2,530	2,880	840	390	455
Afrikaans	205	90	110	10	10	0
Danish	145	60	80	0	0	0
Dutch	1,125	535	595	0	0	0
Frisian	20	20	10	0	0	0
German	3,905	1,830	2,070	810	375	440
Icelandic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Swedish	55	30	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	155	80	75
Greek	135	75	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	16,025	8,050	7,970	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15,850	7,960	7,890	0	0	0
Bengali	30	20	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	100	60	35	0	0	0
Hindi	2,070	1,010	1,065	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	0	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15,130	7,580	7,545	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	25	10	0	0	0
Urdu	310	180	130	0	0	0
Iranian languages	185	100	80	0	0	0
Kurdish	60	40	25	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,720	1,360	1,355	55	40	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	320	160	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	285	155	135	0	0	0
Romanian	265	130	140	0	0	0
Spanish	1,960	985	970	50	35	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	370	160	215	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,170	520	650	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	210	100	110	15	10	0
Akan (Twi)	20	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	100	50	50	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	10	25	10	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	45	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Dinka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	265	95	170	0	0	0
American Sign Language	185	70	115	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	85	30	60	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,440	695	750	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,440	690	745	0	0	0
Cantonese	505	235	270	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,070	505	565	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	25	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	245	125	120	0	0	0
Lao	185	100	90	0	0	0
Thai	85	45	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	55	35	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	270	125	140	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	70	30	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	190	90	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	99,460	48,665	50,795	1,240	580	660
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	91,355	44,810	46,545	1,110	510	605
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,665	10,690	9,975	455	210	250
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	70,690	34,120	36,570	655	300	355
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	8,105	3,855	4,255	135	75	60
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	99,460	48,665	50,795	1,240	580	665
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	74,330	36,625	37,710	755	350	400
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	23,550	11,300	12,255	445	205	235
Before 1981	6,860	3,330	3,535	10	0	10
1981 to 1990	2,585	1,230	1,360	45	15	35
1991 to 2000	4,655	2,235	2,420	65	50	10
2001 to 2010	6,215	2,920	3,295	195	80	110
2001 to 2005	2,860	1,375	1,485	75	25	45
2006 to 2010	3,355	1,545	1,810	115	55	60
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,235	1,590	1,650	130	55	75
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,580	740	835	45	25	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	23,550	11,295	12,255	440	205	235
Under 5 years	1,835	940	890	125	70	45
5 to 14 years	3,785	2,025	1,755	115	45	70
15 to 24 years	6,350	2,780	3,565	75	40	40
25 to 44 years	8,135	4,015	4,120	100	40	65
45 years and over	3,450	1,530	1,915	30	15	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	23,550	11,295	12,250	440	205	240
Americas	2,790	1,205	1,585	405	200	205
Brazil	155	70	80	0	0	0
Colombia	60	20	35	0	0	0
El Salvador	195	85	105	0	0	0
Guyana	30	10	15	0	0	0
Haiti	25	25	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	60	40	25	0	0	0
Mexico	130	70	60	370	175	195
Peru	20	10	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	20	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,125	415	715	35	25	15
Other places of birth in Americas	955	445	510	0	0	0
Europe	6,000	2,990	3,010	15	0	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	50	25	30	0	0	0
Croatia	25	15	10	0	0	0
France	40	0	35	0	0	0
Germany	650	365	285	0	0	0
Greece	60	35	25	0	0	0
Hungary	100	60	50	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	70	10	60	0	0	0
Italy	120	65	55	0	0	0
Netherlands	870	425	445	0	0	0
Poland	270	120	155	10	0	10
Portugal	20	0	15	0	0	0
Romania	215	100	120	0	0	0
Russian Federation	305	130	170	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	335	155	180	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,075	1,095	980	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	755	370	385	0	0	0
Africa	835	415	420	15	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	35	25	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	90	50	40	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	45	20	25	0	0	10
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	280	130	155	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	345	170	175	0	0	0
Asia	13,560	6,485	7,075	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	490	230	265	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	75	35	45	0	0	0
India	9,510	4,615	4,895	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	80	50	30	0	0	0
Iraq	115	70	50	0	0	0
Japan	110	40	70	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	655	300	355	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	25	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	150	80	75	0	0	0
Philippines	955	335	620	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	45	30	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	105	45	60	0	0	0
Taiwan	120	60	55	0	0	0
Viet Nam	385	175	210	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	720	390	325	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	365	205	160	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,240	1,585	1,650	125	55	70
Americas	240	105	140	120	55	65
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	25	15	0	0	0
Mexico	35	15	25	110	50	55
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	100	35	65	15	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	20	25	0	0	0
Europe	250	145	110	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	35	10	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	100	75	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	30	35	10	0	10
Africa	160	70	95	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	20	20	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	25	50	0	0	0
Asia	2,540	1,245	1,295	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	110	40	70	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	1,655	875	780	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	15	10	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	35	20	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	210	85	130	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Philippines	265	110	155	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	95	40	50	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	10	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	25	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	99,460	48,665	50,795	1,245	580	660
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	25,890	12,410	13,475	540	260	275
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	25,415	12,630	12,785	405	165	240
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	48,160	23,630	24,530	305	155	145
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	17,005	8,125	8,880	430	205	230
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,275	2,675	2,600	190	105	85
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,035	1,280	760	35	35	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,240	1,395	1,845	155	75	80
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10,210	4,580	5,630	195	90	110
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,455	830	620	45	0	35
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	65	35	30	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	99,460	48,665	50,800	1,245	580	660
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,585	2,590	2,995	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,395	2,510	2,885	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,850	1,385	1,465	10	0	0
Métis	2,520	1,120	1,405	0	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	120	60	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	75	15	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	93,875	46,070	47,800	1,230	575	655
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	99,460	48,665	50,795	1,245	580	660
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,470	655	815	10	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	97,995	48,010	49,980	1,235	575	660
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	99,460	48,665	50,795	1,245	580	660
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	790	340	445	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	760	330	425	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	535	280	255	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	220	55	170	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	10	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	15	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,370	2,570	2,795	20	10	15
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,155	2,480	2,680	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,190	1,530	1,660	10	0	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,920	940	985	10	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	15	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	210	95	120	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	215	95	120	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	93,300	45,745	47,550	1,220	570	650
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	99,460	48,665	50,795	1,245	580	665
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	25,770	12,690	13,080	20	10	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	17,005	8,580	8,425	0	0	0
Chinese	1,775	870	910	0	0	0
Black	1,135	540	600	10	0	0
Filipino	1,215	460	760	0	0	0
Latin American	910	405	505	0	0	10
Arab	325	200	125	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	955	470	480	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	155	100	55	0	0	0
Korean	1,195	560	645	0	0	0
Japanese	365	160	205	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	145	90	60	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	575	260	315	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	73,690	35,980	37,715	1,225	575	650
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	99,460	48,665	50,795	1,240	585	665
North American Aboriginal origins	6,160	2,915	3,240	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,970	1,910	2,055	10	0	10
Inuit	45	15	35	0	0	0
Métis	2,385	1,095	1,295	15	10	10
Other North American origins	21,525	10,510	11,015	300	130	165
Acadian	75	45	30	0	0	0
American	1,565	715	850	0	0	0
Canadian	20,500	10,030	10,470	300	135	170
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	0	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	67,010	32,470	34,540	895	405	485
British Isles origins	39,515	18,930	20,585	150	70	80
Channel Islander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	24,365	11,495	12,870	85	30	55
Irish	13,730	6,220	7,510	80	30	50
Manx	20	10	20	0	0	0
Scottish	17,880	8,605	9,270	75	40	40
Welsh	2,220	930	1,285	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,385	1,085	1,300	10	10	0
French origins	8,365	3,860	4,505	80	40	40
Alsatian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,365	3,860	4,500	75	35	45
Western European origins (except French origins)	29,415	14,100	15,315	535	260	275
Austrian	1,035	440	595	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	330	140	190	0	0	0
Dutch	10,450	5,045	5,410	15	10	0
Flemish	90	40	55	0	0	0
Frisian	60	35	25	0	0	0
German	20,835	9,920	10,915	525	255	265
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	695	330	360	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,690	3,510	4,180	30	10	20
Danish	1,395	660	735	10	0	0
Finnish	740	370	370	0	0	0
Icelandic	530	215	315	0	0	0
Norwegian	3,115	1,355	1,760	20	10	15
Swedish	2,535	1,185	1,350	10	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	240	110	135	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	15,040	7,290	7,750	270	125	150
Bulgarian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Byelorussian	70	25	40	0	0	0
Czech	255	140	115	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	190	95	95	0	0	0
Estonian	125	70	55	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,625	795	835	0	0	0
Latvian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Lithuanian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	3,475	1,590	1,880	25	10	15
Romanian	740	365	375	15	10	10
Russian	5,215	2,590	2,620	75	20	55
Slovak	100	50	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,735	2,720	3,010	165	90	75
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,320	2,760	2,560	0	10	0
Albanian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bosnian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	265	135	130	0	0	0
Cypriot	25	20	10	0	0	0
Greek	515	290	220	0	0	0
Italian	2,730	1,400	1,330	0	10	0
Kosovar	20	15	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	65	30	40	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	500	320	180	0	0	0
Serbian	125	65	60	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	90	80	15	0	0	0
Spanish	1,155	540	620	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	90	45	40	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	730	370	355	10	10	0
Basque	25	15	10	0	0	0
Jewish	330	185	140	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	350	160	190	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	520	270	250	0	0	0
Antiguan	15	15	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	0	15	0	0	0
Dominican	0	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	75	45	35	0	0	0
Jamaican	215	120	95	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	60	20	40	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,835	915	920	275	125	155
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	20	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	195	105	95	0	0	0
Chilean	95	60	35	0	0	0
Colombian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	105	60	45	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	80	45	35	0	0	0
Honduran	40	15	20	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	455	235	225	280	120	160
Nicaraguan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	245	140	105	0	0	0
Peruvian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Salvadorean	330	125	205	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	130	55	70	0	0	0
African origins	1,380	650	730	15	0	10
Central and West African origins	155	70	85	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	20	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	0	15	0	0	0
North African origins	270	140	125	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	25	20	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	140	60	75	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	480	250	225	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	80	40	40	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	10	0	0	0
South African	265	160	105	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	70	35	30	0	0	0
Other African origins	535	230	310	15	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	50	20	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	490	210	280	15	10	10
Asian origins	23,920	11,835	12,085	0	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	960	565	400	0	0	0
Afghan	40	20	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	80	45	30	0	0	0
Armenian	115	65	50	0	0	0
Assyrian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	160	90	65	0	0	0
Iraqi	90	60	35	0	0	0
Israeli	70	30	35	0	0	0
Jordanian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	95	55	40	0	0	0
Palestinian	40	35	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Syrian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	75	50	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	10	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	65	45	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins	16,960	8,535	8,425	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	15,125	7,595	7,525	0	0	0
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	255	135	120	0	0	0
Punjabi	2,180	1,090	1,095	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	70	45	30	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	200	90	110	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	6,040	2,770	3,270	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	65	35	25	0	0	0
Chinese	2,270	1,070	1,200	0	0	0
Filipino	1,395	535	865	0	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Japanese	415	195	215	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,205	560	650	0	0	0
Laotian	275	145	125	0	0	0
Malaysian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	45	35	20	0	0	0
Thai	130	65	70	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	640	295	340	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	55	30	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Oceania origins	620	365	260	0	0	0
Australian	295	170	125	0	0	0
New Zealander	65	45	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	265	155	115	0	0	0
Fijian	135	70	65	0	0	0
Hawaiian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Maori	35	30	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Samoan	35	30	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	37,900	...	...	395	...	...
Owner	25,795	...	...	345	...	...
Renter	12,100	...	...	55	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	37,895	...	...	400	...	...
Condominium	11,570	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	26,330	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	37,900	...	...	400	...	...
No bedrooms	210	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,730	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,605	...	...	75	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,160	...	...	165	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,195	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	37,900	...	...	400	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,485	...	...	45	...	...
5 rooms	5,755	...	...	60	...	...
6 rooms	4,400	...	...	55	...	...
7 rooms	3,875	...	...	70	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,380	...	...	165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	37,900	...	...	400	...	...
One person or fewer per room	36,915	...	...	375	...	...
More than 1 person per room	990	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	37,900	...	...	400	...	...
Suitable	35,835	...	...	375	...	...
Not suitable	2,065	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	37,900	...	...	395	...	...
1960 or before	2,010	...	...	155	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,365	...	...	180	...	...
1981 to 1990	9,125	...	...	30	...	...
1991 to 2000	8,685	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,080	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,080	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,555	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	37,900	...	...	400	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	36,215	...	...	380	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,690	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	37,900	...	...	400	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,465	...	...	310	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,760	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,675	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	37,900	...	...	400	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,370	...	...	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,370	...	...	75	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,175	...	...	65	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,480	...	...	60	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,170	...	...	65	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,510	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,355	...	...	50	...	...
85 years and over	1,475	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	37,400	...	...	395	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	27,940	...	...	300	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,455	...	...	105	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,195	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25,390	...	...	345	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	64.6	...	...	59.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.9	...	...	24.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,154	...	...	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,306	...	...	1,035	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	448,956	...	...	189,027	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	466,532	...	...	205,356	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,055	...	...	55	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.9	...	...	27.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	900	...	...	904	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	978	...	...	1,022	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	81,650	39,470	42,175	800	400	400
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,765	8,335	8,430	470	255	215
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	27,515	13,630	13,885	130	60	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,365	17,505	19,865	200	85	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,395	5,340	2,060	55	35	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,335	1,940	1,390	15	0	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,065	3,395	665	35	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,415	4,815	8,600	105	30	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,375	1,270	2,100	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,185	6,075	7,110	40	20	20
Bachelor's degree	8,735	3,840	4,890	35	20	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,090	425	665	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	440	305	140	0	10	0
Master's degree	2,625	1,310	1,315	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	300	195	105	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	51,715	25,135	26,580	480	235	240
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,145	3,885	3,260	280	150	130
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,740	8,535	8,210	65	35	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,830	12,715	15,115	130	50	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,005	3,685	1,315	25	10	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,230	1,315	910	10	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,775	2,370	405	15	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,970	3,545	6,430	70	25	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,410	915	1,495	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,445	4,570	5,880	35	20	20
Bachelor's degree	6,925	2,920	4,005	30	15	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	880	330	555	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	360	245	120	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,080	965	1,110	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	200	115	85	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	81,645	39,475	42,175	800	405	400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	44,280	21,970	22,310	600	315	285
Education	2,925	790	2,135	15	10	0
13. Education	2,930	790	2,135	15	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,115	450	665	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	195	145	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	915	300	615	0	0	10
Humanities	3,305	1,450	1,860	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	185	40	150	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	490	95	395	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	965	430	540	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	210	140	70	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,005	530	480	0	0	0
54. History	370	200	170	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	80	15	65	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,690	1,215	2,470	10	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	80	90	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	810	45	765	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	605	165	435	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	20	55	0	0	0
42. Psychology	660	190	470	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,340	700	640	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,625	2,295	4,325	35	10	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	640	150	485	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,965	2,145	3,825	30	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	925	485	435	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	395	190	210	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	250	130	115	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	185	140	45	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	20	60	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,120	690	435	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	950	640	310	0	0	0
25. Library science	90	0	80	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	40	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,605	7,145	460	50	50	0
04. Architecture and related services	110	95	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,040	915	125	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,190	1,055	140	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,110	2,050	60	20	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,135	2,060	80	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,015	970	45	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	780	505	275	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	590	370	220	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	190	135	55	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,605	1,265	5,340	60	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	445	240	200	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,015	920	5,095	60	0	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	150	105	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,675	1,215	1,465	20	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,650	410	1,240	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	435	285	150	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	565	505	65	0	0	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	51,720	25,135	26,580	480	240	240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,885	12,420	11,470	345	185	165
Education	2,145	515	1,630	10	10	10
13. Education	2,145	515	1,630	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	870	325	540	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	105	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	730	220	505	10	0	10
Humanities	2,370	985	1,380	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	150	35	110	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	315	50	265	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	780	310	465	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	150	110	40	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	595	310	285	0	0	0
54. History	320	155	160	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	60	10	45	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,885	905	1,975	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	70	55	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	650	35	615	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	485	130	355	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	20	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	460	120	340	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,000	1,670	3,335	25	10	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	500	105	395	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,490	1,560	2,935	20	10	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	630	345	290	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	275	140	140	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	180	105	75	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	130	100	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	0	40	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	960	600	360	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	840	570	265	0	0	0
25. Library science	70	0	60	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	20	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,475	5,110	360	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	85	75	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	755	660	95	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	865	775	95	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,515	1,455	60	0	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,525	1,455	65	0	0	0
48. Precision production	725	690	35	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	605	380	225	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	470	295	175	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	85	50	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,905	980	3,925	45	10	35
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	365	190	175	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,425	720	3,705	40	10	35
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	115	70	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,975	890	1,085	10	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,165	285	880	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	360	225	140	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	435	370	60	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	81,645	39,475	42,175	800	400	400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,280	21,970	22,310	600	310	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	37,365	17,505	19,865	205	90	115
Location of study inside Canada	30,280	13,920	16,360	180	75	105
Same as province or territory of residence	24,670	11,175	13,495	155	65	90
Different than province or territory of residence	5,615	2,750	2,865	25	10	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	7,085	3,580	3,510	25	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,410	780	635	0	0	0
Philippines	505	155	350	0	0	0
India	1,835	935	900	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	690	405	285	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	210	75	130	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	2,425	1,225	1,205	20	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	51,715	25,135	26,585	480	235	245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,885	12,420	11,465	345	185	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	27,830	12,715	15,115	130	55	80
Location of study inside Canada	22,570	10,245	12,325	115	40	70
Same as province or territory of residence	18,975	8,500	10,480	100	35	60
Different than province or territory of residence	3,595	1,755	1,845	15	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,260	2,465	2,795	20	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	955	515	440	0	0	0
Philippines	435	125	310	0	0	0
India	1,540	750	795	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	325	160	160	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	180	65	115	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	1,810	835	975	20	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	81,645	39,470	42,175	800	400	400
In the labour force	52,725	27,735	24,990	465	285	180
Employed	49,370	26,110	23,260	440	265	175
Unemployed	3,355	1,625	1,730	30	20	10
Not in the labour force	28,920	11,740	17,185	330	120	215
Participation rate	64.6	70.3	59.3	58.1	71.2	45.0
Employment rate	60.5	66.2	55.2	55.0	66.2	43.8
Unemployment rate	6.4	5.9	6.9	6.5	7.0	5.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	81,650	39,475	42,180	800	400	400
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	26,850	10,895	15,955	290	80	210
Worked	54,800	28,575	26,225	510	320	190
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	25,715	15,460	10,260	240	185	55
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,085	13,120	15,965	270	135	135
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	42.9	40.7	40.4	41.7	38.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	52,720	27,735	24,990	465	285	180
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	840	395	450	10	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	51,880	27,340	24,540	455	275	180
Employee	45,465	23,285	22,180	380	215	165
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,415	4,060	2,355	80	65	15
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	52,725	27,730	24,990	465	280	185
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	845	395	455	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	51,880	27,340	24,540	460	280	180
0 Management occupations	5,285	3,515	1,770	30	30	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,180	1,850	5,330	30	0	30
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,010	1,655	350	10	10	0
3 Health occupations	3,350	685	2,660	55	10	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,575	1,795	3,785	30	10	25
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,080	505	575	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	12,110	4,570	7,540	70	20	55
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,260	9,615	645	155	140	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,235	1,215	1,020	40	35	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,805	1,930	870	25	25	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	52,725	27,735	24,990	465	285	185
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	840	390	450	10	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	51,880	27,340	24,540	460	280	180
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,875	1,530	1,345	40	30	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	230	200	30	10	15	0
22 Utilities	190	155	30	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,205	4,520	680	85	75	10
31-33 Manufacturing	5,045	3,715	1,330	65	60	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,150	1,440	705	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,900	2,560	3,340	35	25	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,905	3,120	780	20	15	10
51 Information and cultural industries	750	430	315	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,455	600	860	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	910	480	430	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,290	1,140	1,150	10	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	75	30	50	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,395	1,405	990	10	10	0
61 Educational services	3,385	995	2,390	30	10	25
62 Health care and social assistance	5,365	885	4,485	60	10	50
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	605	280	320	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,840	1,275	2,565	25	0	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,925	1,305	1,620	20	15	10
91 Public administration	2,395	1,270	1,125	15	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	49,370	26,105	23,260	440	265	175
Worked at home	3,485	1,695	1,790	20	0	15
Worked outside Canada	205	115	90	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	8,555	6,395	2,165	95	85	15
Worked at usual place	37,125	17,905	19,220	320	180	145
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	37,125	17,910	19,215	320	175	140
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,515	10,080	13,440	200	105	95
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,985	1,350	1,635	60	45	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,455	6,370	4,080	60	25	40
Commute to a different province or territory	170	105	65	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	45,685	24,300	21,385	420	260	160
Car, truck, van - as a driver	38,560	20,905	17,655	360	230	135
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,370	1,570	1,800	30	25	10
Public transit	1,075	470	610	0	0	0
Walked	1,730	755	975	25	0	20
Bicycle	330	260	75	0	0	0
Other method	615	340	270	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	45,680	24,300	21,380	415	260	155
Less than 15 minutes	17,240	7,430	9,810	240	140	100
15 to 29 minutes	13,325	6,800	6,525	70	30	40
30 to 44 minutes	7,110	4,325	2,790	50	40	10
45 to 59 minutes	3,540	2,365	1,180	25	15	10
60 minutes and over	4,460	3,385	1,075	35	35	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	45,685	24,300	21,380	420	260	155
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,060	3,760	1,300	20	15	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,470	5,555	2,915	125	80	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,750	5,390	5,355	145	115	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,470	3,445	5,020	65	40	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,905	1,880	3,025	30	10	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,030	4,265	3,765	30	10	20
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	56,945	29,580	27,365	525	320	205
Single responses	55,750	28,960	26,790	490	290	200
Official languages	53,565	27,785	25,780	460	255	195
English	53,470	27,760	25,715	455	260	195
French	90	25	70	0	0	0
Non-official languages	2,190	1,175	1,010	35	35	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,190	1,175	1,015	35	35	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	20	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	35	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,860	1,010	850	35	35	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	35	35	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	10	20	20	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,785	975	810	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,780	970	810	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,765	960	800	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	40	25	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	40	75	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	70	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages	120	65	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	30	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,195	620	575	30	25	10
English and French	70	20	50	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,110	595	515	30	25	10
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	56,945	29,580	27,365	525	320	205
None	53,360	27,645	25,720	400	220	180
English	860	500	365	30	30	0
French	295	85	210	0	0	10
Non-official language	2,395	1,340	1,060	85	65	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,395	1,335	1,055	85	65	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	98,355	48,105	50,255	1,220	565	655
Non-movers	82,930	40,675	42,250	1,105	510	595
Movers	15,425	7,425	8,000	115	55	60
Non-migrants	8,530	4,100	4,425	80	40	40
Migrants	6,900	3,320	3,580	35	15	15
Internal migrants	5,680	2,790	2,890	20	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	4,615	2,195	2,415	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,060	590	475	15	0	10
External migrants	1,225	535	690	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	93,545	45,645	47,900	1,080	510	570
Non-movers	51,945	25,370	26,580	505	235	275
Movers	41,600	20,275	21,325	570	270	295
Non-migrants	23,935	11,735	12,200	170	70	100
Migrants	17,665	8,540	9,125	405	205	195
Internal migrants	13,870	6,680	7,190	280	145	135
Intraprovincial migrants	11,300	5,370	5,925	125	70	55
Interprovincial migrants	2,565	1,310	1,260	160	70	85
External migrants	3,795	1,855	1,940	125	65	60

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Abbotsford [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Two Hills, T [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abbotsford [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Two Hills, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Abbotsford [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Two Hills, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abbotsford [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Two Hills, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta