Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cloverdale--Langley City [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cloverdale--Langley City British Columbia [Federal electoral district]			Muskoday First Nation, IRI Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Cloverdale--Langley City [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : Cloverdale--Langley City [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	117,640	...	...	647	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	100,318	...	...	688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	17.3	...	...	-6.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	45,122	...	...	217	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	43,082	...	...	205	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,978.3	...	...	6.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	59.47	...	...	98.72	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	117,640	57,465	60,180	645	335	310
0 to 14 years	23,445	12,080	11,365	185	100	85
0 to 4 years	8,060	4,190	3,875	55	30	25
5 to 9 years	8,195	4,265	3,935	70	40	35
10 to 14 years	7,190	3,630	3,555	60	30	25
15 to 64 years	79,530	38,835	40,695	385	200	180
15 to 19 years	6,905	3,560	3,340	40	20	20
20 to 24 years	6,720	3,420	3,305	40	20	15
25 to 29 years	7,745	3,675	4,070	45	20	25
30 to 34 years	9,695	4,650	5,045	40	25	20
35 to 39 years	9,535	4,625	4,910	40	20	25
40 to 44 years	9,005	4,445	4,565	40	20	20
45 to 49 years	8,345	4,065	4,280	35	15	15
50 to 54 years	8,075	4,000	4,080	40	20	20
55 to 59 years	7,245	3,475	3,770	40	25	15
60 to 64 years	6,265	2,930	3,335	25	15	10
65 years and over	14,665	6,550	8,110	80	30	50
65 to 69 years	5,195	2,420	2,775	20	5	15
70 to 74 years	3,660	1,700	1,960	25	15	15
75 to 79 years	2,390	1,085	1,305	20	5	10
80 to 84 years	1,660	735	930	10	5	5
85 years and over	1,755	610	1,140	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	1,075	415	665	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	500	155	350	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	165	45	120	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.9	21.0	18.9	28.7	29.9	27.4
15 to 64 years	67.6	67.6	67.6	59.7	59.7	58.1
65 years and over	12.5	11.4	13.5	12.4	9.0	16.1
85 years and over	1.5	1.1	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	37.7	36.7	38.6	34.4	33.1	35.7
Median age of the population	37.2	36.4	38.0	31.7	30.5	34.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	43,085	...	...	205	...	...
Single-detached house	16,050	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	335	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	26,680	...	...	20	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,135	...	...	15	...	...
Row house	8,375	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	7,230	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	9,875	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	65	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	43,080	...	...	205	...	...
1 person	10,665	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	12,825	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	6,905	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	7,510	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	5,175	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	116,635	...	...	650	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	94,195	45,385	48,810	465	235	225
Married or living common law	57,325	28,580	28,740	205	100	105
Married	49,130	24,490	24,645	130	65	70
Living common law	8,195	4,095	4,100	70	35	35
Not married and not living common law	36,875	16,805	20,070	260	140	125
Never married	23,990	12,795	11,200	200	115	85
Separated	2,635	1,030	1,605	5	5	5
Divorced	5,940	2,135	3,805	35	15	15
Widowed	4,305	845	3,455	25	0	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	33,040	...	...	180	...	...
2 persons	14,715	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	7,470	...	...	55	...	...
4 persons	7,920	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	2,930	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	33,035	...	...	180	...	...
Total couple families	28,055	...	...	100	...	...
Married couples	23,955	...	...	65	...	...
Common-law couples	4,095	...	...	35	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,990	...	...	85	...	...
Female parent	4,020	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	965	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	28,050	...	...	100	...	...
Couples without children	11,685	...	...	45	...	...
Couples with children	16,365	...	...	55	...	...
1 child	5,985	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	7,550	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	2,835	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,990	...	...	80	...	...
1 child	3,030	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	1,490	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	470	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,605	8,110	9,495	110	70	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	43,085	...	...	205	...	...
One-census-family households	29,245	...	...	150	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,090	...	...	40	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	19,150	...	...	105	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,830	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	12,015	...	...	40	...	...
One-person households	10,665	...	...	35	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,350	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	116,920	57,190	59,720	645	335	315
English only	108,490	53,685	54,805	645	330	310
French only	25	10	10	0	0	0
English and French	5,800	2,455	3,345	0	0	5
Neither English nor French	2,600	1,035	1,565	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	116,915	57,195	59,720	650	335	310
English	113,035	55,530	57,505	645	335	315
French	995	480	515	0	5	0
English and French	340	170	165	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	2,555	1,015	1,540	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,160	560	595	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	116,920	57,195	59,720	645	335	310
Single responses	113,735	55,665	58,065	645	335	315
Official languages	86,000	42,610	43,390	635	330	305
English	84,930	42,100	42,825	635	330	305
French	1,070	510	560	0	0	0
Non-official languages	27,730	13,055	14,680	10	5	5
Aboriginal languages	10	5	10	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	10	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	27,720	13,045	14,670	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	620	330	295	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	595	315	285	5	0	0
Amharic	20	15	10	0	0	0
Arabic	520	275	245	0	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	20	10	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	910	415	495	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	120	50	65	0	0	0
Vietnamese	790	360	425	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	2,790	1,180	1,610	0	0	0
Bikol	30	10	15	0	0	0
Cebuano	105	45	60	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	130	45	85	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	60	30	35	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,375	1,010	1,360	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	205	100	105	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	40	45	0	0	0
Tamil	85	35	45	0	0	0
Telugu	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,315	8,315	9,000	0	0	0
Albanian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Armenian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,750	820	930	0	0	0
Baltic languages	25	5	15	0	0	0
Latvian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,730	810	915	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Croatian	165	80	90	0	0	0
Czech	110	50	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	490	250	240	0	0	0
Russian	445	205	240	0	0	0
Serbian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovak	85	25	55	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	200	90	115	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,860	875	990	0	0	0
Afrikaans	75	35	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	45	45	0	0	0
Dutch	450	210	240	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
German	1,155	540	610	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	125	60	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	11,205	5,460	5,750	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10,720	5,200	5,520	0	0	0
Bengali	50	25	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	165	80	85	0	0	0
Hindi	1,075	510	565	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	50	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,700	4,235	4,465	0	0	0
Sindhi	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	110	55	50	0	0	0
Urdu	510	240	270	0	0	0
Iranian languages	470	250	220	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	15	10	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	440	225	210	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,230	1,030	1,200	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	330	155	175	0	0	0
Portuguese	315	135	175	0	0	0
Romanian	220	105	115	0	0	0
Spanish	1,360	630	730	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	270	105	170	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,655	770	890	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	185	100	85	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	40	15	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,140	1,455	1,690	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,750	1,265	1,485	0	0	0
Cantonese	940	425	510	0	0	0
Hakka	20	5	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,565	730	840	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	115	50	65	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	80	40	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	390	190	205	0	0	0
Burmese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	355	175	185	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	110	45	65	0	0	0
Lao	50	30	25	0	0	0
Thai	60	15	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	330	145	180	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	60	20	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	265	125	140	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,190	1,530	1,655	0	0	0
English and French	220	110	110	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,870	1,380	1,485	5	5	0
French and non-official language	40	15	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	60	25	40	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	116,915	57,195	59,720	650	335	315
Single responses	110,305	54,000	56,305	645	335	310
Official languages	96,065	47,220	48,845	645	335	315
English	95,785	47,075	48,705	645	335	315
French	280	140	140	0	0	0
Non-official languages	14,240	6,780	7,460	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	14,235	6,780	7,460	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	345	180	165	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	320	165	155	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	290	150	140	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	490	230	260	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	430	195	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,095	505	590	0	0	0
Bikol	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	30	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	965	445	520	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	20	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,355	3,995	4,360	0	0	0
Albanian	40	15	15	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	600	280	320	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	590	275	315	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	170	80	90	0	0	0
Russian	235	105	130	0	0	0
Serbian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	180	85	95	0	0	0
Afrikaans	40	20	25	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	10	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	55	55	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,580	3,170	3,415	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	6,330	3,045	3,285	0	0	0
Bengali	30	20	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	35	30	0	0	0
Hindi	410	185	230	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,420	2,620	2,805	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Urdu	315	145	165	0	0	0
Iranian languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	225	115	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	905	420	485	0	0	0
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	95	45	50	0	0	0
Romanian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Spanish	670	315	360	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	45	65	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,355	625	735	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
American Sign Language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,765	855	910	0	0	0
Cantonese	505	250	255	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,150	555	600	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	25	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	325	150	170	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	305	145	160	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	6,615	3,195	3,415	0	0	0
English and French	125	55	70	0	0	0
English and non-official language	6,385	3,095	3,285	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	80	35	45	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	116,920	57,195	59,725	645	335	315
None	100,965	49,675	51,285	630	325	300
English	6,205	3,050	3,160	0	0	0
French	735	335	400	0	0	0
Non-official language	8,830	4,045	4,780	20	10	10
Aboriginal	5	5	5	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	8,825	4,040	4,780	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	100	50	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	65	30	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	93,210	45,030	48,180	465	235	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,445	43,235	46,205	435	225	210
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,698	48,030	30,147	19,200	17,920	19,264
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,560	43,335	46,225	435	225	215
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,542	41,255	27,739	18,944	17,728	19,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	81,735	40,475	41,260	295	155	135
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,954	48,140	28,219	18,400	19,456	17,728
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	59,005	23,080	35,925	395	200	200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,958	2,432	4,548	2,920	854	8,128
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,250	36,605	35,645	260	140	120
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,438	49,463	30,103	20,096	20,128	18,667
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	93,455	45,130	48,320	460	235	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,640	43,360	46,280	435	225	210
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,196	54,857	36,145	24,078	23,864	24,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,740	43,435	46,305	435	220	215
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,084	44,981	31,614	22,694	22,027	23,385
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	81,905	40,715	41,185	295	160	140
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,431	54,576	34,401	26,239	27,637	24,670
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,250	23,325	35,930	400	195	200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,959	6,706	7,123	6,946	5,007	8,856
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,460	36,860	35,600	265	140	125
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,066	54,650	35,142	27,246	28,296	26,024
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	93,450	45,130	48,320	465	235	225
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	35,625	20,850	14,770	90	40	50
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	56,108	63,677	47,273	35,712	35,264	37,632
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	62,407	69,941	51,773	39,493	38,455	40,379
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.0	93.5	85.1	73.9	81.6	66.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	80.2	84.3	74.5	67.6	76.4	59.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.0	6.5	14.9	26.2	18.6	34.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	93,205	45,030	48,180	465	235	225
Without total income	3,765	1,790	1,975	30	15	15
With total income	89,445	43,240	46,205	435	225	215
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.0	95.9	93.5	95.7	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,850	4,550	7,305	150	85	65
$10,000 to $19,999	13,860	5,090	8,770	95	35	60
$20,000 to $29,999	11,135	4,200	6,935	70	40	25
$30,000 to $39,999	10,300	4,290	6,015	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	9,635	4,360	5,270	25	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	7,975	4,070	3,905	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	6,390	3,850	2,540	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	4,955	3,180	1,775	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,960	2,575	1,390	10	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,705	1,855	855	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	6,675	5,230	1,450	0	0	5
$100,000 to $149,999	5,145	3,970	1,175	0	0	5
$150,000 and over	1,530	1,260	275	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	93,210	45,030	48,180	460	235	230
Without after-tax income	3,650	1,695	1,955	30	10	15
With after-tax income	89,555	43,335	46,225	435	220	215
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.2	95.9	94.6	93.6	93.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,280	4,805	7,470	150	85	65
$10,000 to $19,999	14,630	5,480	9,150	100	40	60
$20,000 to $29,999	13,310	5,165	8,145	70	45	25
$30,000 to $39,999	12,730	5,580	7,145	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	11,085	5,430	5,655	30	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	8,385	4,980	3,400	15	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	6,105	3,925	2,175	15	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	4,300	2,775	1,525	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	6,740	5,185	1,555	5	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,515	1,815	705	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,485	1,185	300	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	2,735	2,190	550	0	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	93,210	45,025	48,180	465	235	230
Without employment income	20,960	8,425	12,535	200	95	110
With employment income	72,250	36,605	35,645	265	140	120
Percentage with employment income	77.5	81.3	74.0	57.0	59.6	52.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,595	3,645	4,955	55	30	30
$5,000 to $9,999	4,845	1,895	2,950	30	20	15
$10,000 to $19,999	8,695	3,330	5,365	45	25	20
$20,000 to $29,999	7,460	2,970	4,490	45	30	15
$30,000 to $39,999	7,710	3,210	4,495	35	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	7,505	3,420	4,085	10	5	5
$50,000 to $59,999	6,485	3,405	3,080	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	5,285	3,390	1,895	10	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,215	2,785	1,430	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	11,450	8,550	2,905	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,485	2,290	1,195	5	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,340	1,665	675	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	5,630	4,595	1,035	5	0	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	43,085	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	82,970	...	...	38,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,605	...	...	38,336	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,665	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,274	...	...	19,669	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,276	...	...	19,669	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	32,420	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,676	...	...	44,160	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,390	...	...	44,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	43,150	...	...	205	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	93,893	...	...	51,210	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,206	...	...	48,266	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,615	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,382	...	...	19,097	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,310	...	...	18,647	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	32,535	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	109,394	...	...	57,595	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,223	...	...	54,155	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	43,080	...	...	205	...	...
Under $5,000	510	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	350	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	970	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,305	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,455	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,215	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,315	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,510	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,545	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,550	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,110	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,975	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,860	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,745	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,670	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,005	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,750	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,140	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,535	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,570	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	43,080	...	...	205	...	...
Under $5,000	535	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	355	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	980	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,365	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,670	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,475	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,730	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,855	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,895	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,900	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,665	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,530	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,380	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,205	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,995	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,555	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,535	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,405	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,615	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	31,645	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,392	...	...	44,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,353	...	...	44,032	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,945	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,221	...	...	51,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,985	...	...	51,840	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	16,315	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,188	...	...	72,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,561	...	...	70,144	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,450	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,856	...	...	27,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,822	...	...	27,648	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	31,675	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,098	...	...	56,636	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,050	...	...	53,275	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,975	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,569	...	...	69,788	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,362	...	...	64,032	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	16,370	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	127,240	...	...	77,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,733	...	...	72,493	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,385	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,573	...	...	35,674	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,236	...	...	34,575	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,570	7,000	7,565	45	30	20
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,226	41,383	33,510	19,296	19,648	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,927	36,105	30,220	19,296	19,648	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	14,510	7,050	7,465	45	30	20
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,228	46,555	40,086	17,752	19,916	14,334
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,771	38,883	34,777	17,095	18,862	14,306
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	116,635	57,100	59,535	645	335	315
In the bottom half of the distribution	50,280	23,710	26,570	550	285	265
In the bottom decile	8,875	4,145	4,730	230	115	110
In the second decile	8,610	3,820	4,795	115	55	60
In the third decile	9,585	4,510	5,080	80	45	40
In the fourth decile	10,930	5,230	5,700	60	35	20
In the fifth decile	12,280	6,005	6,275	65	35	30
In the top half of the distribution	66,355	33,390	32,965	100	50	50
In the sixth decile	13,415	6,605	6,815	5	5	5
In the seventh decile	14,875	7,400	7,470	40	20	20
In the eighth decile	14,650	7,450	7,200	25	10	15
In the ninth decile	13,940	7,045	6,895	20	10	10
In the top decile	9,480	4,895	4,585	10	5	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	116,635	57,100	59,535	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	27,605	14,240	13,360	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	9,665	5,035	4,625	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	75,185	36,570	38,615	0	0	0
65 years and over	13,845	6,285	7,560	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,320	5,635	6,685	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	3,600	1,880	1,715	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,105	595	515	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	6,960	3,095	3,865	0	0	0
65 years and over	1,765	660	1,105	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.6	9.9	11.2	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	13.0	13.2	12.8	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	11.4	11.8	11.1	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	8.5	10.0	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	12.7	10.5	14.6	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10,520	4,830	5,690	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	2,920	1,500	1,415	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	820	440	380	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	6,440	2,910	3,530	0	0	0
65 years and over	1,165	420	750	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.0	8.5	9.6	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	10.6	10.5	10.6	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	8.5	8.7	8.2	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	8.6	8.0	9.1	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	8.4	6.7	9.9	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	116,925	57,245	59,685	645	335	310
Official languages	114,310	56,205	58,110	650	335	310
English	114,265	56,175	58,095	650	335	315
French	5,690	2,385	3,300	0	0	0
Non-official languages	35,425	16,605	18,815	40	20	25
Aboriginal languages	35	25	10	45	20	25
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	40	20	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	20	15	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	10	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35,385	16,580	18,810	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	810	435	375	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	805	430	375	0	0	0
Amharic	40	15	25	0	0	0
Arabic	670	365	305	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	65	40	20	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,190	570	620	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	120	55	65	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,075	525	555	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,800	1,615	2,185	0	0	0
Bikol	70	35	35	0	0	0
Cebuano	230	110	115	0	0	0
Fijian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	60	35	25	0	0	0
Ilocano	215	80	135	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	170	80	90	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,500	1,475	2,025	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	145	70	80	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	45	45	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	315	155	155	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	125	70	55	0	0	0
Tamil	140	60	75	0	0	0
Telugu	50	35	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	22,765	10,785	11,975	0	0	0
Albanian	135	55	80	0	0	0
Armenian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,010	905	1,110	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,010	905	1,100	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Croatian	250	130	115	0	0	0
Czech	135	40	90	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	510	240	270	0	0	0
Russian	615	280	330	0	0	0
Serbian	230	120	110	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slovak	95	25	75	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	45	20	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	245	90	150	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,620	1,200	1,420	0	10	0
Afrikaans	215	115	100	0	0	0
Danish	115	55	65	0	0	0
Dutch	630	255	370	0	0	0
Frisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
German	1,615	760	855	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Swedish	45	15	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	165	90	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	14,375	6,980	7,395	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	13,765	6,695	7,075	0	0	0
Bengali	90	50	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	260	125	135	0	0	0
Hindi	3,520	1,695	1,820	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	0	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Nepali	100	50	45	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	11,035	5,375	5,660	0	0	0
Sindhi	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	130	70	55	0	0	0
Urdu	960	460	500	0	0	0
Iranian languages	605	295	310	0	0	0
Kurdish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	515	240	275	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	85	40	45	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,740	1,700	2,040	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	645	325	310	0	0	0
Portuguese	530	240	290	0	0	0
Romanian	185	80	105	0	0	0
Spanish	2,440	1,075	1,370	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	495	200	295	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	1,885	920	965	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	450	230	220	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	60	40	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	20	20	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	25	15	0	0	0	0
Ganda	15	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	20	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Shona	25	10	20	0	0	0
Swahili	185	90	95	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	65	30	30	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	115	45	65	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	220	65	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	95	15	80	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	130	50	80	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,420	1,615	1,810	0	0	0
Chinese languages	3,005	1,400	1,610	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,235	515	725	0	0	0
Hakka	30	20	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,935	910	1,030	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	145	55	85	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	135	60	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	420	215	205	0	0	0
Burmese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	400	215	190	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	180	70	110	0	0	0
Lao	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thai	105	35	70	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	70	35	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	375	190	185	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	70	30	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	295	155	145	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	116,930	57,245	59,685	0	0	0
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	108,620	53,475	55,140	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	26,600	13,715	12,885	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	82,025	39,765	42,255	0	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	8,310	3,765	4,540	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	116,930	57,245	59,685	0	0	0
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	86,750	42,950	43,800	0	0	0
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	28,865	13,695	15,170	0	0	0
Before 1981	7,445	3,595	3,850	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	3,370	1,600	1,770	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	5,785	2,690	3,100	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	8,365	3,910	4,455	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	3,690	1,710	1,985	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	4,670	2,205	2,465	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,900	1,900	2,000	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,320	605	715	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	28,865	13,690	15,175	0	0	0
Under 5 years	3,170	1,580	1,595	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	5,160	2,595	2,560	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	6,855	3,085	3,775	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	10,715	5,115	5,600	0	0	0
45 years and over	2,960	1,320	1,640	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	28,860	13,690	15,170	0	0	0
Americas	2,770	1,205	1,565	0	0	0
Brazil	100	25	70	0	0	0
Colombia	190	85	105	0	0	0
El Salvador	250	105	145	0	0	0
Guyana	60	25	35	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	105	50	55	0	0	0
Mexico	230	75	155	0	0	0
Peru	115	45	70	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	90	55	40	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,070	455	615	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	540	275	265	0	0	0
Europe	6,820	3,400	3,415	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	100	55	45	0	0	0
Croatia	105	60	45	0	0	0
France	65	40	30	0	0	0
Germany	730	355	375	0	0	0
Greece	60	35	25	0	0	0
Hungary	185	100	75	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	115	60	50	0	0	0
Italy	290	135	155	0	0	0
Netherlands	470	240	225	0	0	0
Poland	375	190	185	0	0	0
Portugal	185	95	90	0	0	0
Romania	170	75	100	0	0	0
Russian Federation	200	70	135	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Ukraine	160	80	75	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,765	1,415	1,350	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	755	350	410	0	0	0
Africa	1,370	720	650	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	140	70	70	0	0	0
Ethiopia	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kenya	175	70	110	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	155	90	60	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	295	165	130	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	550	300	250	0	0	0
Asia	16,985	7,955	9,030	0	0	0
Afghanistan	170	85	85	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	20	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	990	440	555	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	330	145	185	0	0	0
India	6,575	3,140	3,435	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	165	85	75	0	0	0
Iraq	110	45	65	0	0	0
Japan	160	35	130	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	1,415	680	730	0	0	0
Lebanon	70	40	30	0	0	0
Pakistan	620	285	340	0	0	0
Philippines	3,415	1,475	1,940	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	180	100	75	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	90	70	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	425	210	220	0	0	0
Viet Nam	680	320	360	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,555	775	780	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	925	410	515	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,900	1,900	2,000	0	0	0
Americas	365	170	195	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	65	35	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	145	75	65	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	140	55	85	0	0	0
Europe	435	235	200	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	45	25	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	165	85	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	125	65	55	0	0	0
Africa	265	150	120	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	35	15	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	20	25	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	20	15	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	130	70	55	0	0	0
Asia	2,780	1,315	1,470	0	0	0
Afghanistan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	115	65	50	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	1,005	490	515	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	65	25	45	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	290	145	140	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	120	40	75	0	0	0
Philippines	715	315	395	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	15	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	80	55	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	65	30	40	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	40	20	25	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	140	75	70	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	50	30	15	0	0	0
Australia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	116,930	57,245	59,685	645	335	310
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	30,910	14,650	16,260	10	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	29,600	14,635	14,970	0	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	56,420	27,965	28,455	635	325	310
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	21,995	10,390	11,605	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10,615	5,295	5,320	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,860	2,335	1,520	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	6,755	2,955	3,800	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	8,750	3,740	5,010	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,500	1,305	1,200	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	125	55	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	116,930	57,245	59,685	650	335	315
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,355	2,010	2,345	625	320	305
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	4,255	1,955	2,300	620	320	305
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,010	945	1,065	620	315	300
Métis	2,195	990	1,210	10	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	50	20	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	80	45	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	112,575	55,235	57,340	20	15	10
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	116,925	57,245	59,685	645	335	315
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	910	415	495	615	320	300
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	116,015	56,830	59,190	35	20	10
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	116,930	57,245	59,685	645	335	310
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	535	270	265	550	285	265
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	535	265	270	540	280	260
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	300	145	150	535	275	260
Métis single ancestry	230	120	105	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,970	2,240	2,735	75	35	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,830	2,185	2,640	75	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,810	1,290	1,520	70	35	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,965	875	1,095	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	25	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	145	55	85	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	60	90	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	111,420	54,730	56,685	25	10	10
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	116,930	57,245	59,685	645	335	310
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	36,685	17,765	18,925	10	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	16,520	8,130	8,385	0	0	0
Chinese	3,965	1,910	2,065	0	0	0
Black	1,840	965	875	0	0	0
Filipino	4,955	2,240	2,715	0	0	0
Latin American	1,460	625	825	0	0	0
Arab	615	315	300	0	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	2,285	1,100	1,185	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	465	220	240	0	0	0
Korean	2,090	1,015	1,070	0	0	0
Japanese	970	440	530	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	340	180	155	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,190	615	575	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	80,245	39,480	40,765	645	335	310
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	116,925	57,240	59,685	645	335	315
North American Aboriginal origins	5,515	2,515	3,000	620	320	300
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,260	1,500	1,760	615	320	300
Inuit	65	20	40	0	0	0
Métis	2,345	1,050	1,290	10	0	10
Other North American origins	25,610	12,800	12,810	40	25	15
Acadian	50	15	30	0	0	0
American	2,025	1,035	985	10	10	0
Canadian	24,230	12,135	12,095	35	15	15
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	25	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	75,145	36,775	38,370	65	30	30
British Isles origins	50,870	24,885	25,985	40	20	15
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	31,860	15,375	16,485	0	0	0
Irish	17,775	8,520	9,250	10	10	10
Manx	25	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish	22,835	11,140	11,700	25	15	10
Welsh	2,855	1,375	1,480	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,100	1,520	1,585	0	0	0
French origins	9,665	4,530	5,130	15	10	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	10	0	0	0	0
French	9,655	4,525	5,130	15	10	10
Western European origins (except French origins)	23,630	11,540	12,090	10	10	0
Austrian	1,170	540	630	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	390	210	180	0	0	0
Dutch	6,805	3,380	3,420	0	0	0
Flemish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Frisian	40	0	35	0	0	0
German	16,945	8,320	8,625	10	10	0
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	475	215	255	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	9,350	4,465	4,890	10	0	0
Danish	1,865	925	940	0	0	0
Finnish	795	385	415	0	0	0
Icelandic	815	405	410	0	0	0
Norwegian	3,880	1,810	2,075	10	10	0
Swedish	2,695	1,230	1,465	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	305	160	145	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	15,885	7,480	8,400	15	10	10
Bulgarian	70	20	50	0	0	0
Byelorussian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Czech	585	255	335	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	160	75	85	0	0	0
Estonian	95	30	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,755	850	900	0	0	0
Latvian	90	30	60	0	0	0
Lithuanian	165	40	115	0	0	0
Moldovan	70	25	40	0	0	0
Polish	4,160	1,905	2,255	0	0	0
Romanian	770	355	415	0	0	0
Russian	3,305	1,570	1,740	0	0	0
Slovak	310	120	195	0	0	0
Ukrainian	7,055	3,450	3,605	15	10	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	80	45	40	0	0	0
Southern European origins	9,530	4,710	4,825	0	0	0
Albanian	120	55	70	0	0	0
Bosnian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	685	390	290	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	745	370	375	0	0	0
Italian	4,265	2,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kosovar	15	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	60	20	35	0	0	0
Maltese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,245	545	700	0	0	0
Serbian	370	215	150	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	220	90	125	0	0	0
Spanish	2,025	960	1,060	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	195	60	130	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	935	475	460	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	360	175	190	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	520	275	245	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	985	510	475	0	0	0
Antiguan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	95	65	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	20	30	0	0	0
Dominican	45	25	25	0	0	0
Grenadian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Jamaican	420	215	205	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	105	65	40	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	145	70	75	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	50	15	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,360	1,055	1,305	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	100	50	50	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	195	90	100	0	0	0
Chilean	190	85	105	0	0	0
Colombian	220	95	125	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	70	35	40	0	0	0
Guyanese	70	35	35	0	0	0
Hispanic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Honduran	80	50	30	0	0	0
Maya	30	10	20	0	0	0
Mexican	645	250	390	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	65	35	25	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Peruvian	145	65	80	0	0	0
Salvadorean	275	115	160	0	0	0
Uruguayan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	55	15	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	180	95	85	0	10	0
African origins	2,260	1,125	1,140	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	320	190	130	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	55	35	20	0	0	0
Edo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	85	60	25	0	0	0
Guinean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ibo	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	125	70	60	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	235	110	125	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	15	10	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	180	80	100	0	0	0
Libyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	950	455	495	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	20	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	55	20	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	175	70	110	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	50	35	20	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	460	230	225	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	45	30	20	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	45	35	15	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	75	15	55	0	0	0
Other African origins	785	385	405	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	705	355	355	0	0	0
Asian origins	33,535	16,185	17,350	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,750	855	895	0	0	0
Afghan	290	140	145	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	135	60	75	0	0	0
Armenian	130	70	60	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	425	200	225	0	0	0
Iraqi	100	50	50	0	0	0
Israeli	50	30	25	0	0	0
Jordanian	105	65	40	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	80	50	30	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	230	80	150	0	0	0
Palestinian	75	30	40	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Tajik	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	150	85	70	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	35	25	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	16,335	8,040	8,295	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	65	25	35	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	13,730	6,695	7,035	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	100	45	55	0	0	0
Pakistani	705	365	340	0	0	0
Punjabi	1,860	955	900	0	0	0
Sinhalese	70	35	35	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	200	115	85	0	0	0
Tamil	80	45	35	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	525	260	275	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	15,695	7,390	8,300	0	0	0
Burmese	125	60	65	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	190	95	95	0	0	0
Chinese	5,305	2,615	2,690	0	0	0
Filipino	5,395	2,435	2,960	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	240	100	135	0	0	0
Japanese	1,295	585	710	0	0	0
Karen	345	180	165	0	0	0
Korean	2,160	1,045	1,115	0	0	0
Laotian	170	95	80	0	0	0
Malaysian	70	20	50	0	0	0
Mongolian	30	20	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	35	20	20	0	0	0
Taiwanese	295	150	140	0	0	0
Thai	110	40	70	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,405	690	710	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	125	70	60	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	130	65	60	0	0	0
Oceania origins	1,620	865	755	0	0	0
Australian	485	260	225	0	0	0
New Zealander	220	120	105	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	950	510	440	0	0	0
Fijian	830	430	405	0	0	0
Hawaiian	35	30	10	0	0	0
Maori	45	20	20	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	30	25	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	43,150	...	...	205	...	...
Owner	32,135	...	...	15	...	...
Renter	11,010	...	...	0	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	43,145	...	...	205	...	...
Condominium	10,510	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	32,645	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	43,145	...	...	205	...	...
No bedrooms	240	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,375	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,025	...	...	35	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,490	...	...	95	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	14,020	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	43,150	...	...	205	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,845	...	...	35	...	...
5 rooms	6,295	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	5,910	...	...	50	...	...
7 rooms	4,410	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,680	...	...	25	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	43,145	...	...	205	...	...
One person or fewer per room	42,165	...	...	195	...	...
More than 1 person per room	985	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	43,150	...	...	205	...	...
Suitable	41,150	...	...	175	...	...
Not suitable	2,005	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	43,150	...	...	205	...	...
1960 or before	1,310	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,035	...	...	55	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,295	...	...	60	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,380	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,705	...	...	30	...	...
2006 to 2010	9,405	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	6,020	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	43,150	...	...	205	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	41,710	...	...	160	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,440	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	43,150	...	...	205	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,995	...	...	130	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,595	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,555	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	43,145	...	...	205	...	...
15 to 24 years	960	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,305	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,695	...	...	35	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,235	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,690	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,115	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,215	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	935	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	43,085	...	...	0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	32,100	...	...	0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,975	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,830	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,090	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	75.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,561	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,608	...	...	0	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	599,387	...	...	0	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	610,947	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,010	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	951	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,082	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	93,450	45,130	48,320	465	235	230
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,755	7,420	7,335	140	75	65
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	30,925	15,060	15,865	120	65	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,770	22,650	25,120	205	95	105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,435	6,365	2,065	55	45	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,475	1,985	1,490	25	20	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,955	4,390	570	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	18,690	7,320	11,365	100	35	65
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,385	1,410	1,970	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	17,270	7,550	9,725	40	10	30
Bachelor's degree	12,160	5,260	6,900	35	10	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,480	555	925	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	315	170	145	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,995	1,355	1,640	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	320	205	115	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	65,870	31,705	34,170	310	155	150
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,975	3,305	2,665	55	35	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,200	10,010	10,185	85	50	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,700	18,385	21,320	165	75	90
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,280	4,780	1,495	40	40	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,610	1,510	1,095	15	10	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,670	3,275	395	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,585	6,060	9,525	80	30	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,685	1,145	1,535	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,155	6,400	8,765	25	10	20
Bachelor's degree	10,665	4,455	6,210	25	10	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,285	460	825	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	250	125	125	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,685	1,190	1,495	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	270	165	105	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	93,450	45,130	48,320	465	235	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	45,675	22,480	23,200	260	140	120
Education	3,310	685	2,625	15	10	10
13. Education	3,310	685	2,620	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,700	725	975	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	380	305	75	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,320	420	900	10	0	0
Humanities	2,630	1,030	1,600	0	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	280	85	195	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	585	150	435	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	875	320	550	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	70	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	405	235	170	0	0	0
54. History	320	155	170	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	40	10	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,115	1,520	3,590	30	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	30	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	430	140	290	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,025	60	965	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	770	105	665	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	105	25	85	0	0	10
42. Psychology	880	225	655	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,870	970	900	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	10,170	4,120	6,055	45	10	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	435	80	355	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,720	4,040	5,685	35	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,295	635	660	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	540	215	325	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	370	195	170	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	310	210	100	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	20	50	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,715	1,120	595	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,470	1,035	435	0	0	0
25. Library science	95	10	90	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	140	70	70	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,200	9,510	685	45	45	10
04. Architecture and related services	180	130	50	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,700	1,445	255	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,710	1,510	195	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,805	2,725	75	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,465	2,400	65	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,345	1,300	40	0	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	670	455	220	0	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	475	310	165	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	195	145	50	0	10	0
Health and related fields	7,795	1,290	6,505	15	0	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	655	280	375	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,090	985	6,105	20	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	25	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,170	1,550	1,620	35	20	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,920	525	1,395	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	555	400	155	10	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	665	595	70	10	0	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	65,870	31,705	34,170	310	155	150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,175	13,320	12,850	145	80	60
Education	2,740	550	2,185	10	0	0
13. Education	2,740	555	2,190	10	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,395	590	800	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	300	240	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,090	350	735	10	0	0
Humanities	2,225	825	1,405	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	235	60	180	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	465	95	365	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	785	285	505	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	60	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	340	195	145	0	0	0
54. History	265	120	150	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,490	1,340	3,150	25	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	380	140	240	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	885	50	835	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	675	85	590	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	10	65	10	0	0
42. Psychology	780	190	590	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,655	855	805	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	8,620	3,445	5,175	35	10	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	355	70	290	10	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,255	3,380	4,875	25	0	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,040	480	565	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	460	170	290	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	265	135	125	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	250	165	90	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	10	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,540	1,005	535	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,355	945	405	0	10	0
25. Library science	70	10	65	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	45	60	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,060	7,465	595	35	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	140	95	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,445	1,205	235	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,365	1,190	175	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,115	2,070	45	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,990	1,940	50	0	0	0
48. Precision production	1,005	970	40	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	560	370	185	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	400	250	150	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	120	40	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,535	1,090	5,450	20	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	570	240	330	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,930	830	5,100	15	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	20	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,495	1,220	1,275	30	15	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,435	365	1,065	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	485	340	145	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	565	500	65	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	93,450	45,130	48,320	465	235	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45,680	22,480	23,200	265	140	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	47,770	22,650	25,125	200	95	110
Location of study inside Canada	38,035	17,900	20,130	205	95	105
Same as province or territory of residence	32,675	15,155	17,520	190	90	100
Different than province or territory of residence	5,355	2,745	2,610	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	9,740	4,745	4,995	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,230	665	570	0	0	10
Philippines	1,610	650	960	0	0	0
India	1,910	915	990	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	980	590	395	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	385	175	210	0	0	0
France	20	15	15	0	0	0
Other	3,595	1,740	1,855	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	65,870	31,705	34,170	305	155	150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,170	13,325	12,845	140	85	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	39,700	18,380	21,315	165	80	85
Location of study inside Canada	31,765	14,615	17,150	160	75	85
Same as province or territory of residence	27,730	12,635	15,095	155	70	85
Different than province or territory of residence	4,035	1,980	2,050	0	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	7,940	3,765	4,165	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	975	520	455	0	0	0
Philippines	1,415	580	830	0	0	0
India	1,690	780	910	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	640	380	265	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	365	165	200	0	0	0
France	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other	2,835	1,335	1,495	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	93,450	45,130	48,320	465	235	230
In the labour force	66,285	34,395	31,880	250	140	105
Employed	62,925	32,770	30,155	180	90	90
Unemployed	3,355	1,630	1,725	70	55	20
Not in the labour force	27,165	10,730	16,435	215	90	120
Participation rate	70.9	76.2	66.0	53.8	59.6	45.7
Employment rate	67.3	72.6	62.4	38.7	38.3	39.1
Unemployment rate	5.1	4.7	5.4	28.0	39.3	19.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	93,450	45,130	48,320	465	235	230
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,235	9,875	15,360	220	100	120
Worked	68,215	35,255	32,960	245	140	110
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	36,330	21,305	15,025	100	45	55
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	31,890	13,950	17,935	145	90	55
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.8	42.4	38.8	37.8	40.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	66,280	34,400	31,885	250	140	105
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	955	425	535	20	15	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	65,325	33,975	31,345	230	130	95
Employee	58,590	29,835	28,760	220	125	90
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,730	4,145	2,585	15	10	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	66,280	34,400	31,885	250	140	105
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	955	425	540	20	15	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	65,325	33,975	31,345	230	135	100
0 Management occupations	7,585	4,760	2,820	20	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,855	2,970	7,885	20	0	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,550	2,860	685	10	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,990	690	3,300	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,340	2,255	5,090	35	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,755	760	990	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	15,395	6,470	8,920	80	55	30
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	11,585	10,875	710	50	45	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,130	745	385	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,145	1,585	560	10	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	66,280	34,400	31,880	250	145	105
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	960	425	535	20	10	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	65,325	33,975	31,345	230	130	100
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	840	395	445	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	200	150	45	0	10	0
22 Utilities	405	265	135	0	0	0
23 Construction	6,595	5,660	935	25	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,350	3,925	1,430	10	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	3,535	2,365	1,170	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,070	3,810	4,260	30	20	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,560	3,545	1,015	15	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,325	845	485	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,755	1,010	1,750	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,085	610	475	0	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,910	1,965	1,940	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	155	85	65	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,905	1,575	1,335	10	10	10
61 Educational services	4,595	1,205	3,385	20	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	6,760	1,035	5,730	40	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,310	625	685	25	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,245	1,555	2,690	10	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,955	1,385	1,570	10	0	0
91 Public administration	3,775	1,965	1,810	40	15	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	62,925	32,770	30,160	180	90	90
Worked at home	4,095	1,895	2,195	10	10	0
Worked outside Canada	225	140	85	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	9,575	7,185	2,390	25	20	0
Worked at usual place	49,030	23,545	25,485	150	65	80
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	49,030	23,545	25,485	150	65	80
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	17,645	7,475	10,170	65	35	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	29,550	14,995	14,550	75	25	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,655	945	705	10	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	185	130	60	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	58,605	30,730	27,875	175	85	90
Car, truck, van - as a driver	48,350	25,985	22,365	155	75	85
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,115	1,455	1,665	10	10	10
Public transit	4,300	1,895	2,405	0	0	0
Walked	1,850	750	1,105	10	0	0
Bicycle	305	245	60	0	0	0
Other method	675	400	280	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	58,605	30,730	27,875	175	85	90
Less than 15 minutes	12,470	5,450	7,020	75	40	35
15 to 29 minutes	18,910	9,005	9,905	75	30	45
30 to 44 minutes	12,945	7,540	5,405	10	10	10
45 to 59 minutes	6,970	4,420	2,550	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	7,310	4,310	3,000	15	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	58,605	30,730	27,875	175	90	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	6,160	4,365	1,800	0	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,845	7,400	4,450	40	25	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,030	7,320	7,715	70	25	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,065	4,205	5,860	30	10	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,270	2,540	3,725	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,235	4,900	4,330	30	15	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	70,240	36,115	34,125	260	145	115
Single responses	69,260	35,620	33,645	260	145	115
Official languages	67,940	34,915	33,020	260	145	115
English	67,815	34,890	32,920	260	145	115
French	125	30	100	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,320	700	620	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,325	700	625	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	45	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	105	45	60	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	705	400	300	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	625	365	260	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	620	365	260	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	605	355	245	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	60	25	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	275	150	130	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	185	75	110	0	0	0
Chinese languages	160	60	100	0	0	0
Cantonese	60	20	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	45	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	980	495	485	0	0	0
English and French	95	30	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	870	455	410	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	70,235	36,110	34,125	265	145	120
None	66,790	34,450	32,340	255	145	115
English	645	330	315	0	0	0
French	415	160	250	0	0	0
Non-official language	2,350	1,145	1,205	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	10	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	2,335	1,140	1,200	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	25	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	115,405	56,500	58,905	635	330	310
Non-movers	96,870	47,310	49,560	595	305	285
Movers	18,535	9,185	9,345	40	25	20
Non-migrants	10,335	5,110	5,220	10	10	0
Migrants	8,200	4,080	4,120	35	15	20
Internal migrants	7,090	3,550	3,535	35	15	20
Intraprovincial migrants	6,060	2,990	3,075	30	10	15
Interprovincial migrants	1,025	560	465	0	10	0
External migrants	1,110	525	585	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	108,900	53,005	55,895	595	305	290
Non-movers	58,065	28,190	29,875	445	225	215
Movers	50,835	24,815	26,015	150	85	70
Non-migrants	27,985	13,660	14,320	60	30	30
Migrants	22,845	11,155	11,690	90	50	40
Internal migrants	18,730	9,180	9,545	90	50	40
Intraprovincial migrants	16,425	8,025	8,405	80	40	40
Interprovincial migrants	2,300	1,155	1,145	10	10	0
External migrants	4,120	1,975	2,150	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cloverdale--Langley City [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Muskoday First Nation, IRI [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cloverdale--Langley City [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cloverdale--Langley City [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cloverdale--Langley City [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan