Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mission--Matsqui--Fraser Canyon [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Mission--Matsqui--Fraser Canyon British Columbia [Federal electoral district]			Keremeos British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Mission--Matsqui--Fraser Canyon [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : Mission--Matsqui--Fraser Canyon [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	94,825	...	...	1,714	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	90,616 ^r	...	...	1,479^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.6	...	...	15.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	36,103	...	...	874	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	32,544	...	...	816	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.4	...	...	602.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	21,350.11	...	...	2.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	94,825	48,095	46,725	1,715	825	890
0 to 14 years	17,470	9,115	8,355	180	90	90
0 to 4 years	5,455	2,850	2,605	50	25	25
5 to 9 years	6,050	3,160	2,885	60	30	35
10 to 14 years	5,965	3,105	2,860	70	40	25
15 to 64 years	61,675	31,300	30,375	775	370	405
15 to 19 years	5,685	2,955	2,735	70	35	35
20 to 24 years	5,175	2,670	2,510	30	15	15
25 to 29 years	5,330	2,740	2,590	50	25	25
30 to 34 years	6,090	3,055	3,030	55	25	25
35 to 39 years	6,085	3,105	2,985	60	30	30
40 to 44 years	5,915	3,035	2,880	55	25	30
45 to 49 years	6,080	3,120	2,960	65	30	35
50 to 54 years	7,215	3,635	3,585	100	50	50
55 to 59 years	7,430	3,660	3,765	125	55	70
60 to 64 years	6,670	3,325	3,345	165	75	90
65 years and over	15,680	7,685	8,000	765	365	395
65 to 69 years	5,685	2,880	2,805	230	105	125
70 to 74 years	3,890	1,960	1,930	175	85	90
75 to 79 years	2,660	1,280	1,375	135	75	60
80 to 84 years	1,805	880	925	110	60	45
85 years and over	1,635	685	955	105	35	70
85 to 89 years	1,045	470	570	65	20	40
90 to 94 years	450	165	285	30	10	20
95 to 99 years	125	35	85	10	5	10
100 years and over	20	5	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.4	19.0	17.9	10.5	10.9	10.1
15 to 64 years	65.0	65.1	65.0	45.2	44.8	45.5
65 years and over	16.5	16.0	17.1	44.6	44.2	44.4
85 years and over	1.7	1.4	2.0	6.1	4.2	7.9
Average age of the population	40.6	40.1	41.2	55.2	54.3	56.1
Median age of the population	41.3	40.7	41.9	62.3	61.7	62.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	32,540	...	...	815	...	...
Single-detached house	20,670	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	65	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10,530	...	...	145	...	...
Semi-detached house	825	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	1,810	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5,885	...	...	55	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,935	...	...	30	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,280	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	32,545	...	...	815	...	...
1 person	7,040	...	...	260	...	...
2 persons	10,885	...	...	410	...	...
3 persons	4,970	...	...	65	...	...
4 persons	4,595	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	5,060	...	...	30	...	...
Number of persons in private households	92,160	...	...	1,660	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	77,355	38,985	38,375	1,535	735	800
Married or living common law	47,285	23,850	23,430	975	485	490
Married	40,190	20,320	19,870	850	420	430
Living common law	7,100	3,535	3,560	120	60	60
Not married and not living common law	30,070	15,130	14,940	560	250	310
Never married	18,900	10,785	8,115	225	130	95
Separated	2,295	1,135	1,155	40	20	20
Divorced	4,715	2,175	2,540	125	60	60
Widowed	4,160	1,035	3,130	170	40	130
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	26,850	...	...	550	...	...
2 persons	13,390	...	...	430	...	...
3 persons	5,495	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	5,245	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	2,720	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	26,850	...	...	545	...	...
Total couple families	22,760	...	...	475	...	...
Married couples	19,210	...	...	415	...	...
Common-law couples	3,545	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,095	...	...	70	...	...
Female parent	3,120	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	965	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	22,760	...	...	475	...	...
Couples without children	11,025	...	...	375	...	...
Couples with children	11,735	...	...	100	...	...
1 child	4,290	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	4,880	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	2,565	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,090	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	2,365	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	1,205	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	520	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,255	6,720	6,540	340	145	195
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	32,545	...	...	815	...	...
One-census-family households	22,270	...	...	525	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,135	...	...	365	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,135	...	...	160	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	2,160	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	8,115	...	...	285	...	...
One-person households	7,040	...	...	255	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,075	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	92,945	46,645	46,300	1,680	815	865
English only	84,575	42,940	41,630	1,575	765	805
French only	30	15	15	0	0	5
English and French	4,015	1,780	2,230	75	35	40
Neither English nor French	4,335	1,915	2,420	25	15	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	92,950	46,650	46,295	1,680	815	870
English	87,715	44,245	43,465	1,615	780	830
French	735	405	325	35	15	20
English and French	210	100	115	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	4,285	1,895	2,395	30	15	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	840	460	380	40	20	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	1.0	0.8	2.4	2.5	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	92,950	46,645	46,300	1,680	815	865
Single responses	91,125	45,745	45,385	1,665	800	855
Official languages	67,795	34,275	33,525	1,480	720	765
English	66,990	33,840	33,150	1,435	695	740
French	805	430	375	40	20	25
Non-official languages	23,330	11,475	11,860	180	90	90
Aboriginal languages	380	185	200	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	5	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	335	155	180	5	0	0
Comox	5	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	175	80	95	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	90	40	50	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	22,945	11,285	11,660	175	85	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	50	35	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	45	35	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	40	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	270	130	135	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	255	120	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	340	115	220	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	285	100	185	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20,805	10,290	10,515	155	80	75
Albanian	15	15	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	790	365	425	25	5	15
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	775	360	415	25	5	15
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Czech	75	35	45	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	245	130	120	5	0	0
Russian	185	75	110	5	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	55	25	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	120	55	70	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,680	1,325	1,355	50	30	20
Afrikaans	40	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	70	40	35	0	0	0
Dutch	730	355	375	15	10	5
Frisian	15	10	5	0	0	0
German	1,750	865	885	35	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Swedish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	16,350	8,115	8,235	60	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages	16,245	8,055	8,185	60	35	25
Bengali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	15	20	0	5	0
Hindi	245	115	130	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15,820	7,845	7,975	55	30	25
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	95	50	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	70	40	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	930	455	475	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	170	90	85	5	0	0
Portuguese	115	50	65	10	5	5
Romanian	145	70	70	0	0	0
Spanish	500	245	255	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	115	45	65	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	290	145	145	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	530	250	280	5	0	5
Chinese languages	530	250	280	0	0	5
Cantonese	205	105	105	5	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	240	110	130	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	85	35	50	10	0	5
Lao	75	35	35	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	255	130	120	5	0	5
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	85	40	45	0	5	0
Hungarian	165	90	70	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,820	905	915	20	10	10
English and French	135	60	70	5	0	0
English and non-official language	1,630	815	815	15	10	5
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	92,945	46,650	46,300	1,680	810	870
Single responses	88,470	44,405	44,060	1,655	800	855
Official languages	74,140	37,350	36,790	1,575	760	815
English	73,985	37,275	36,705	1,560	755	805
French	155	70	85	20	5	10
Non-official languages	14,330	7,055	7,270	80	40	40
Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	5	5	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	14,290	7,035	7,250	80	40	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	210	100	110	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	205	95	110	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	40	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	35	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	5	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	5	15	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	13,255	6,535	6,720	75	35	35
Albanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	245	120	125	0	0	5
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	245	120	125	0	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	85	45	40	0	0	0
Russian	80	40	40	0	0	5
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	295	130	160	15	5	5
Afrikaans	15	5	5	5	0	0
Danish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	50	20	35	5	5	5
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	215	100	115	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	12,385	6,110	6,275	55	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	12,335	6,085	6,250	50	30	25
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	5
Hindi	120	55	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,145	5,995	6,155	50	30	20
Sindhi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	325	170	150	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	5	10	5	0
Romanian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Spanish	220	120	100	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	205	105	100	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	25	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	270	135	135	0	0	0
Chinese languages	270	135	135	0	0	0
Cantonese	85	45	40	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	140	70	70	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	15	5	5	10
Lao	35	20	15	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	30	35	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,480	2,245	2,235	25	10	15
English and French	80	25	50	0	0	0
English and non-official language	4,335	2,185	2,155	25	10	10
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	92,945	46,650	46,295	1,675	815	865
None	83,515	42,000	41,520	1,590	760	825
English	4,250	2,150	2,095	25	15	15
French	585	260	325	15	10	0
Non-official language	4,480	2,175	2,310	50	25	25
Aboriginal	325	155	170	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,155	2,020	2,140	45	20	20
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	20	20	10	5	5
French and non-official language	60	35	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	74,720	37,145	37,575	1,485	710	765
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	71,610	35,695	35,915	1,440	695	745
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,936	37,070	23,299	23,592	27,392	21,365
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	71,700	35,770	35,930	1,445	700	745
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,554	32,822	22,389	22,528	25,328	20,944
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,185	31,815	30,365	1,190	590	600
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,723	36,955	20,478	16,907	20,800	13,536
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,770	23,455	29,310	1,235	575	660
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,160	5,118	6,626	12,395	13,968	11,456
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	53,360	27,825	25,535	760	390	375
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,883	37,185	20,913	15,760	15,019	16,096
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	74,860	37,235	37,625	1,420	695	730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,815	35,715	36,095	1,390	680	715
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,360	46,223	30,579	31,448	37,909	25,322
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,910	35,795	36,115	1,390	675	715
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,967	38,580	27,404	27,948	33,069	23,091
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,340	31,800	30,545	1,165	590	580
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,491	46,258	28,365	26,002	32,132	19,733
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,855	23,455	29,395	1,230	570	655
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,897	7,675	8,075	11,030	11,949	10,239
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	53,400	27,695	25,700	730	385	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,965	45,404	27,870	27,746	32,764	22,221
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	74,860	37,240	37,620	1,420	690	730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	21,545	13,065	8,485	195	120	80
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,722	57,479	40,590	46,436	52,314	39,697
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,472	62,163	45,171	50,190	55,957	41,495
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.0	89.2	78.6	69.2	72.2	64.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.6	76.1	64.7	44.2	45.4	42.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.0	10.8	21.4	31.1	27.5	35.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	74,720	37,145	37,575	1,480	710	770
Without total income	3,110	1,450	1,660	40	15	20
With total income	71,605	35,695	35,920	1,440	695	745
Percentage with total income	95.8	96.1	95.6	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,560	4,860	6,700	180	75	105
$10,000 to $19,999	14,695	5,800	8,900	410	165	245
$20,000 to $29,999	10,585	4,355	6,225	305	145	165
$30,000 to $39,999	8,525	3,930	4,595	165	85	85
$40,000 to $49,999	6,775	3,470	3,300	115	60	55
$50,000 to $59,999	5,400	3,170	2,230	100	65	35
$60,000 to $69,999	3,835	2,525	1,315	65	35	30
$70,000 to $79,999	2,885	1,995	885	25	20	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,220	1,585	630	20	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,540	1,125	415	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	3,600	2,880	715	35	30	5
$100,000 to $149,999	2,735	2,180	560	25	25	5
$150,000 and over	860	705	155	10	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	74,720	37,145	37,575	1,485	715	770
Without after-tax income	3,020	1,380	1,645	40	15	25
With after-tax income	71,695	35,765	35,935	1,445	700	745
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.3	95.6	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,955	5,110	6,850	195	80	115
$10,000 to $19,999	15,415	6,220	9,195	420	180	240
$20,000 to $29,999	12,380	5,250	7,130	330	150	180
$30,000 to $39,999	9,585	4,585	5,005	185	95	90
$40,000 to $49,999	7,485	4,150	3,335	125	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	5,085	3,295	1,790	85	50	35
$60,000 to $69,999	3,565	2,465	1,095	45	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,485	1,775	710	25	15	10
$80,000 and over	3,745	2,915	830	35	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,415	1,055	365	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	830	655	170	5	10	0
$100,000 and over	1,500	1,205	295	20	10	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	74,720	37,140	37,575	1,485	710	770
Without employment income	21,360	9,320	12,040	725	325	395
With employment income	53,355	27,825	25,535	765	385	375
Percentage with employment income	71.4	74.9	68.0	51.5	54.2	48.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,560	3,950	4,615	220	105	110
$5,000 to $9,999	4,760	1,825	2,935	90	50	40
$10,000 to $19,999	8,180	3,340	4,845	125	65	60
$20,000 to $29,999	6,500	2,855	3,645	80	35	45
$30,000 to $39,999	5,665	2,680	2,980	70	30	40
$40,000 to $49,999	4,655	2,425	2,235	45	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	3,945	2,450	1,495	35	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	2,915	2,020	900	35	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,350	1,695	650	15	15	5
$80,000 and over	5,820	4,590	1,230	50	35	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,815	1,310	505	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,210	910	300	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,800	2,370	430	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	32,545	...	...	815	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,956	...	...	43,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,582	...	...	41,344	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,040	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,685	...	...	23,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,356	...	...	23,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	25,505	...	...	560	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,475	...	...	55,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,221	...	...	50,603	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	32,625	...	...	795	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	84,446	...	...	54,946	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,671	...	...	48,829	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,025	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,644	...	...	31,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,751	...	...	28,538	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	25,600	...	...	540	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,288	...	...	66,256	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,624	...	...	58,603	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	32,545	...	...	815	...	...
Under $5,000	625	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	445	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	870	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,310	...	...	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,335	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,230	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,340	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,310	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,285	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,290	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,450	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,350	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,270	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,165	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,985	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,280	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,790	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,545	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,480	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,465	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	32,545	...	...	815	...	...
Under $5,000	640	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	460	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	885	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,340	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,510	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,470	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,565	...	...	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,470	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,575	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,520	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,845	...	...	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,720	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,640	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,380	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,900	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,615	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,495	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,960	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,160	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	24,875	...	...	545	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,568	...	...	54,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,171	...	...	50,475	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,890	...	...	355	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,413	...	...	50,720	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,762	...	...	47,488	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,635	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,335	...	...	87,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,344	...	...	79,360	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.4	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,445	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,711	...	...	42,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,611	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	24,935	...	...	510	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,345	...	...	66,078	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,759	...	...	58,397	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,910	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,790	...	...	60,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,015	...	...	54,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,780	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,386	...	...	97,047	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,996	...	...	82,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,355	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,496	...	...	46,758	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,512	...	...	43,162	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	10,175	5,435	4,745	300	130	175
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,799	28,730	25,140	23,501	23,328	23,872
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,955	26,221	23,883	23,040	22,848	23,360
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	10,040	5,295	4,745	335	145	195
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,088	37,345	32,570	30,027	31,363	29,031
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,572	32,019	28,957	27,173	27,821	26,689
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	92,160	46,245	45,915	1,660	805	855
In the bottom half of the distribution	50,575	24,905	25,670	1,200	580	625
In the bottom decile	10,075	4,985	5,095	215	105	115
In the second decile	9,460	4,475	4,980	320	150	170
In the third decile	9,570	4,685	4,885	235	115	120
In the fourth decile	10,920	5,475	5,450	210	105	110
In the fifth decile	10,540	5,280	5,255	215	105	110
In the top half of the distribution	41,585	21,345	20,250	455	225	230
In the sixth decile	10,070	5,155	4,910	160	80	80
In the seventh decile	9,590	4,870	4,720	95	45	50
In the eighth decile	8,870	4,520	4,360	70	35	35
In the ninth decile	7,660	3,985	3,680	80	40	35
In the top decile	5,400	2,820	2,585	55	30	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	86,665	43,430	43,230	1,660	805	855
0 to 17 years	19,400	10,145	9,255	220	120	105
0 to 5 years	6,175	3,225	2,955	60	30	30
18 to 64 years	53,210	26,340	26,870	725	340	385
65 years and over	14,050	6,950	7,105	715	350	370
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,630	5,570	6,060	385	180	205
0 to 17 years	3,215	1,695	1,515	65	40	20
0 to 5 years	985	525	460	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	6,530	3,040	3,495	165	65	100
65 years and over	1,885	835	1,045	155	75	85
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.4	12.8	14.0	23.2	22.4	24.0
0 to 17 years (%)	16.6	16.7	16.4	29.5	33.3	19.0
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	16.3	15.6	25.0	33.3	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	12.3	11.5	13.0	22.8	19.1	26.0
65 years and over (%)	13.4	12.0	14.7	21.7	21.4	23.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,680	2,805	2,875	110	50	60
0 to 17 years	1,490	765	725	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	440	220	220	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,835	1,875	1,960	75	35	45
65 years and over	360	165	190	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.6	6.5	6.7	6.6	6.2	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	7.7	7.5	7.8	6.8	4.2	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	7.1	6.8	7.4	8.3	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	7.1	7.3	10.3	10.3	11.7
65 years and over (%)	2.6	2.4	2.7	2.1	1.4	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	92,265	46,270	45,995	1,580	795	785
Official languages	87,965	44,365	43,605	1,560	780	780
English	87,940	44,350	43,595	1,560	780	780
French	3,985	1,800	2,185	45	15	25
Non-official languages	27,520	13,385	14,135	220	100	120
Aboriginal languages	740	345	390	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	650	300	345	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	70	25	40	0	0	0
Lillooet	325	155	175	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	35	25	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	175	80	100	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	26,790	13,040	13,745	215	95	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	100	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	140	95	45	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	115	75	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	15	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	305	150	155	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	295	150	145	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	460	115	345	0	0	0
Bikol	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	50	10	40	0	0	0
Fijian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	400	95	305	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	35	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	30	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	20	0	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	24,080	11,805	12,275	200	95	110
Albanian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	760	340	425	35	10	25
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	755	335	415	35	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	0	10	10	10
Czech	100	35	60	15	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	260	95	170	0	0	0
Russian	160	65	95	0	0	10
Serbian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	105	60	40	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	100	50	50	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,150	1,425	1,725	80	35	50
Afrikaans	75	35	40	0	0	0
Danish	70	35	40	0	0	0
Dutch	875	385	485	20	10	15
Frisian	35	15	20	0	0	0
German	2,070	960	1,110	60	30	30
Icelandic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Swedish	70	20	45	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	18,455	9,255	9,205	80	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	18,400	9,215	9,180	60	35	20
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	65	35	25	0	0	0
Hindi	2,030	990	1,040	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	18,025	9,050	8,975	55	35	25
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Urdu	90	55	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	35	25	20	0	15
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	40	25	20	0	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,890	875	1,010	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	310	150	165	0	0	0
Portuguese	160	75	90	0	0	0
Romanian	95	30	70	0	0	0
Spanish	1,360	640	720	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	285	135	145	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	320	170	150	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	190	85	105	0	0	0
American Sign Language	45	25	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	145	60	80	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	645	315	335	0	0	0
Chinese languages	645	310	330	0	0	0
Cantonese	240	130	105	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	380	170	210	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	25	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	175	90	85	0	0	0
Lao	150	85	70	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	220	100	120	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	115	50	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	92,265	46,265	45,995	1,580	790	785
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	85,505	42,995	42,505	1,565	790	780
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,375	10,645	9,725	190	120	70
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	65,130	32,350	32,780	1,375	665	710
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	6,760	3,270	3,490	15	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	92,265	46,265	46,000	1,580	795	785
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	70,800	36,060	34,745	1,355	705	650
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	20,730	9,780	10,955	215	80	130
Before 1981	5,575	2,680	2,895	140	45	95
1981 to 1990	2,320	1,040	1,280	25	10	10
1991 to 2000	4,770	2,300	2,475	30	25	0
2001 to 2010	5,540	2,595	2,940	20	10	15
2001 to 2005	2,660	1,220	1,445	20	10	10
2006 to 2010	2,875	1,375	1,500	0	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,520	1,165	1,360	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	730	425	305	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	20,730	9,780	10,950	215	85	130
Under 5 years	1,660	770	885	30	20	0
5 to 14 years	2,745	1,370	1,370	40	0	35
15 to 24 years	6,085	2,640	3,445	70	25	45
25 to 44 years	6,605	3,360	3,250	60	15	45
45 years and over	3,635	1,635	2,000	15	15	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20,735	9,780	10,950	215	85	130
Americas	1,800	800	1,000	40	20	20
Brazil	50	15	35	0	0	0
Colombia	70	35	35	0	0	0
El Salvador	175	85	85	0	0	0
Guyana	30	20	15	0	0	0
Haiti	30	15	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mexico	100	60	35	0	0	0
Peru	15	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	30	15	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	935	390	535	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	345	150	195	0	10	0
Europe	5,100	2,410	2,695	120	45	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	10	20	0	0	0
Croatia	30	20	10	0	0	0
France	65	35	25	0	10	0
Germany	635	270	360	30	10	20
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	70	35	40	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Italy	110	55	55	0	0	0
Netherlands	645	325	320	10	0	10
Poland	245	100	145	0	0	0
Portugal	85	40	40	0	0	0
Romania	95	30	65	0	0	0
Russian Federation	70	30	40	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	100	45	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,155	1,060	1,095	45	15	35
Other places of birth in Europe	670	305	360	30	20	10
Africa	360	160	195	0	0	0
Algeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	55	25	40	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	120	55	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	120	50	75	0	0	0
Asia	13,235	6,295	6,945	50	20	30
Afghanistan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	260	115	150	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	60	30	30	0	0	0
India	11,345	5,455	5,885	25	20	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japan	95	35	60	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	240	120	120	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	100	60	40	0	0	0
Philippines	410	110	295	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	50	25	25	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	35	15	25	0	0	0
Viet Nam	225	105	120	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	340	180	160	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	235	120	120	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,525	1,165	1,360	0	0	0
Americas	155	75	80	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	20	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	10	35	0	0	0
Europe	200	100	95	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	40	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	105	55	50	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	2,120	965	1,160	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	1,925	890	1,035	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	110	40	65	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Australia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	92,260	46,265	45,995	1,580	795	785
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	21,905	10,405	11,495	240	95	145
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	21,700	11,260	10,440	380	200	185
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	48,660	24,600	24,065	960	505	460
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	15,445	7,240	8,205	75	40	35
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,515	1,735	1,780	15	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,415	945	470	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,095	790	1,305	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	11,155	5,060	6,090	60	30	30
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	715	420	295	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	92,260	46,265	46,000	1,585	795	790
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10,650	5,305	5,345	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10,470	5,230	5,245	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	8,060	4,045	4,015	20	10	10
Métis	2,390	1,180	1,215	40	15	20
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	110	45	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	81,615	40,965	40,655	1,520	765	760
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	92,265	46,265	46,000	1,580	795	785
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	6,850	3,470	3,385	25	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	85,410	42,795	42,615	1,555	785	780
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	92,260	46,265	46,000	1,585	795	785
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	5,425	2,775	2,645	20	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	5,395	2,755	2,635	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	5,040	2,595	2,445	20	0	10
Métis single ancestry	340	160	185	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,915	2,925	2,990	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,705	2,850	2,850	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,815	1,920	1,895	15	10	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,870	910	960	45	25	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	210	75	130	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	200	70	130	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	80,930	40,565	40,365	1,505	755	745
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	92,265	46,265	46,000	1,580	795	790
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	23,410	11,675	11,735	110	65	50
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	19,115	9,630	9,485	60	35	20
Chinese	795	405	390	0	0	0
Black	515	290	230	10	15	0
Filipino	585	185	395	0	0	10
Latin American	580	280	300	0	0	0
Arab	75	40	35	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	565	300	265	0	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	65	40	20	20	10	15
Korean	370	185	185	0	0	0
Japanese	330	145	185	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	145	65	85	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	260	105	150	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	68,855	34,590	34,265	1,465	735	735
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	92,265	46,265	46,000	1,580	795	785
North American Aboriginal origins	11,340	5,700	5,635	75	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	9,090	4,610	4,480	35	15	15
Inuit	40	25	20	0	0	0
Métis	2,450	1,165	1,285	45	25	20
Other North American origins	19,520	9,960	9,560	445	220	220
Acadian	45	20	30	0	0	0
American	1,405	695	710	50	25	30
Canadian	18,480	9,435	9,040	400	195	200
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	35	25	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	10	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	50	30	15	0	0	0
European origins	57,030	28,285	28,745	1,310	650	665
British Isles origins	37,525	18,630	18,895	880	410	470
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	23,875	11,835	12,045	620	270	345
Irish	12,075	5,660	6,410	315	115	200
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	16,595	8,015	8,575	385	185	205
Welsh	2,145	1,055	1,090	50	10	40
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,110	1,065	1,040	25	10	10
French origins	8,135	3,945	4,190	215	120	95
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,135	3,945	4,190	210	115	95
Western European origins (except French origins)	21,460	10,440	11,020	425	225	200
Austrian	1,070	495	575	25	15	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	385	150	235	0	0	10
Dutch	7,570	3,720	3,850	90	45	45
Flemish	40	25	20	0	0	0
Frisian	80	35	50	0	0	0
German	14,535	7,010	7,525	305	170	135
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	680	305	385	25	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,595	3,710	3,890	205	85	115
Danish	1,140	525	610	30	10	20
Finnish	1,060	495	570	60	35	25
Icelandic	465	225	235	20	10	15
Norwegian	2,840	1,420	1,420	40	15	20
Swedish	2,565	1,210	1,355	65	30	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	300	160	140	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	11,190	5,470	5,720	280	145	135
Bulgarian	20	15	10	10	0	10
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	375	180	190	25	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	200	80	125	10	0	10
Estonian	115	45	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,100	565	535	10	10	10
Latvian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Lithuanian	120	40	80	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	2,775	1,255	1,520	30	15	20
Romanian	500	225	275	30	15	10
Russian	2,965	1,455	1,505	80	35	50
Slovak	300	185	120	10	10	0
Ukrainian	4,415	2,170	2,245	155	80	70
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	45	25	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,300	2,135	2,165	70	45	20
Albanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	145	85	60	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	295	130	170	10	10	0
Italian	2,280	1,200	1,085	30	25	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	70	40	30	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	525	285	235	15	0	10
Serbian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Spanish	930	370	560	10	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	580	325	260	10	0	0
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	180	85	100	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	35	30	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	350	200	150	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	280	160	120	10	15	0
Antiguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	10	25	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Jamaican	135	90	45	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,155	630	530	0	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	95	40	50	0	10	0
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Chilean	35	25	15	0	0	0
Colombian	100	60	45	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	0	20	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	50	35	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	400	250	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	70	40	30	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	205	95	105	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	75	45	30	0	0	0
African origins	755	365	395	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	60	45	20	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algerian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	255	130	130	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	35	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	115	50	65	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	70	40	30	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	415	190	225	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	80	35	55	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	335	160	175	0	0	0
Asian origins	22,425	11,145	11,280	110	50	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	335	165	175	20	10	15
Afghan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	60	35	25	20	0	15
Iraqi	30	20	10	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	70	30	35	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	20	0	15	0	0	0
Turk	35	10	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	18,845	9,490	9,350	65	35	25
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	16,470	8,255	8,215	65	35	30
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	130	75	60	0	0	0
Punjabi	2,650	1,355	1,290	0	0	0
Sinhalese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	225	130	95	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,220	1,480	1,740	25	0	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Filipino	655	215	440	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Japanese	440	190	250	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	380	190	185	0	0	0
Laotian	185	100	85	0	0	0
Malaysian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	10	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	40	0	40	0	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	370	205	165	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	75	40	35	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	75	40	35	0	0	0
Oceania origins	490	225	265	10	10	0
Australian	180	95	90	10	0	10
New Zealander	75	50	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	255	100	155	10	10	0
Fijian	160	65	100	0	0	0
Hawaiian	70	30	45	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	32,620	...	...	800	...	...
Owner	25,105	...	...	625	...	...
Renter	7,225	...	...	175	...	...
Band housing	295	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	32,620	...	...	800	...	...
Condominium	2,365	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	30,255	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	32,625	...	...	795	...	...
No bedrooms	110	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,525	...	...	70	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,225	...	...	315	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,400	...	...	295	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,355	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	32,620	...	...	795	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,660	...	...	225	...	...
5 rooms	4,385	...	...	210	...	...
6 rooms	4,840	...	...	135	...	...
7 rooms	4,015	...	...	90	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,720	...	...	130	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	32,620	...	...	795	...	...
One person or fewer per room	31,600	...	...	800	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,020	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	32,620	...	...	795	...	...
Suitable	30,800	...	...	780	...	...
Not suitable	1,825	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	32,620	...	...	795	...	...
1960 or before	3,350	...	...	125	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,305	...	...	215	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,480	...	...	70	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,315	...	...	165	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,940	...	...	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,615	...	...	90	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,615	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	32,625	...	...	800	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	30,090	...	...	760	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,530	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	32,625	...	...	795	...	...
1 household maintainer	18,205	...	...	470	...	...
2 household maintainers	12,985	...	...	325	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,435	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	32,620	...	...	800	...	...
15 to 24 years	575	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,690	...	...	50	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,610	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,995	...	...	75	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,430	...	...	165	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,220	...	...	230	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,360	...	...	130	...	...
85 years and over	745	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	29,785	...	...	790	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	22,360	...	...	605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,425	...	...	185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,415	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	22,985	...	...	615	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	64.8	...	...	46.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	21.1	...	...	15.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,305	...	...	527	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,357	...	...	694	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	450,018	...	...	250,742	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	506,456	...	...	277,246	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,845	...	...	175	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.1	...	...	22.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.0	...	...	51.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	802	...	...	748	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	927	...	...	751	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	74,860	37,240	37,620	1,425	690	725
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,980	9,045	7,930	390	190	200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25,130	12,395	12,735	410	200	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,755	15,795	16,960	625	305	320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,095	6,095	2,000	180	145	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,510	2,125	1,385	75	50	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,590	3,970	620	105	95	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,385	4,605	7,780	300	90	205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,950	1,060	1,895	50	20	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,320	4,040	5,285	100	45	50
Bachelor's degree	6,020	2,505	3,520	60	20	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	930	315	615	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	325	205	120	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,790	830	955	20	20	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	260	185	75	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	49,345	24,250	25,095	670	305	365
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,290	4,650	3,645	155	75	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,470	8,170	8,305	220	110	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,580	11,430	13,150	295	120	170
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,700	4,310	1,390	80	50	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,480	1,490	985	40	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,220	2,820	405	35	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,465	3,450	6,010	145	45	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,125	730	1,390	30	0	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,290	2,935	4,355	45	25	25
Bachelor's degree	4,760	1,865	2,895	35	10	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	690	210	480	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	215	135	80	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,460	620	840	0	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	165	105	60	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	74,860	37,240	37,625	1,420	695	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	42,105	21,445	20,665	800	390	410
Education	2,525	680	1,845	40	15	25
13. Education	2,525	680	1,845	40	15	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	900	390	515	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	155	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	695	235	465	10	0	0
Humanities	2,150	880	1,270	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	220	70	150	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	345	125	220	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	880	310	570	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	55	40	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	315	195	125	0	0	0
54. History	255	130	135	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	30	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,960	815	2,145	35	0	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	20	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	135	65	70	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	895	55	840	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	430	115	315	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	15	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	490	115	375	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	925	430	495	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	5,260	1,635	3,620	100	25	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	515	105	415	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,725	1,535	3,190	85	25	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	870	475	400	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	295	125	170	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	330	185	150	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	145	120	25	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	40	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	820	480	345	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	650	390	260	0	0	0
25. Library science	65	10	65	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	85	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,110	7,650	465	170	165	10
04. Architecture and related services	85	60	20	10	10	0
14. Engineering	785	705	75	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,045	900	145	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,440	2,350	85	40	35	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,555	2,480	75	80	85	0
48. Precision production	1,205	1,150	55	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,055	675	380	65	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	705	420	290	40	15	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	350	260	95	20	20	0
Health and related fields	5,390	810	4,580	140	10	125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	235	105	130	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	5,090	670	4,420	130	10	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	40	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,705	1,300	1,405	45	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,640	415	1,220	35	15	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	405	280	125	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	640	580	60	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	49,345	24,250	25,095	665	305	365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	24,765	12,820	11,945	375	180	195
Education	1,740	415	1,330	20	0	20
13. Education	1,740	415	1,330	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	680	285	395	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	135	105	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	540	180	360	0	0	0
Humanities	1,680	655	1,025	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	145	35	110	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	265	105	160	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	750	245	505	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	40	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	220	125	95	0	0	0
54. History	210	105	105	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,330	595	1,740	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	20	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	45	60	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	685	40	645	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	350	75	270	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	15	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	375	60	315	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	740	340	400	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	4,135	1,290	2,845	55	10	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	395	70	320	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,740	1,220	2,520	50	0	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	560	270	295	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	75	130	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	210	100	110	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	95	75	20	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	20	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	695	410	285	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	570	350	215	0	0	0
25. Library science	60	0	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	50	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,835	5,465	365	85	75	0
04. Architecture and related services	60	50	15	0	10	0
14. Engineering	535	465	70	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	765	665	105	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,815	1,730	80	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,775	1,730	45	40	35	0
48. Precision production	880	830	55	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	810	500	310	20	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	520	295	225	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	295	205	85	10	10	0
Health and related fields	4,095	565	3,535	60	0	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	175	75	95	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	3,875	455	3,420	55	0	50
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	30	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,015	985	1,030	15	0	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,195	310	880	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	345	245	105	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	465	420	50	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	74,860	37,235	37,625	1,420	690	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,105	21,440	20,665	800	390	410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	32,755	15,795	16,955	625	300	320
Location of study inside Canada	27,330	13,070	14,260	560	270	290
Same as province or territory of residence	23,165	10,920	12,245	405	200	210
Different than province or territory of residence	4,170	2,155	2,015	150	70	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,420	2,725	2,695	65	35	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	830	470	350	15	15	0
Philippines	185	50	140	10	0	0
India	2,075	990	1,085	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	715	430	290	20	10	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	85	45	45	0	0	0
France	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other	1,515	735	775	20	15	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	49,345	24,250	25,095	670	305	360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,765	12,815	11,945	380	185	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	24,580	11,430	13,150	295	120	175
Location of study inside Canada	20,660	9,635	11,030	280	115	165
Same as province or territory of residence	17,835	8,220	9,610	220	95	125
Different than province or territory of residence	2,825	1,415	1,415	60	25	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,920	1,795	2,120	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	500	255	240	0	0	0
Philippines	170	45	130	0	0	0
India	1,800	820	985	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	320	175	140	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	85	40	45	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	1,040	460	575	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	74,860	37,240	37,620	1,420	690	730
In the labour force	47,245	25,090	22,155	615	340	270
Employed	43,540	23,215	20,325	515	295	220
Unemployed	3,710	1,875	1,830	95	40	55
Not in the labour force	27,615	12,145	15,465	810	350	455
Participation rate	63.1	67.4	58.9	43.3	49.3	37.0
Employment rate	58.2	62.3	54.0	36.3	42.8	30.1
Unemployment rate	7.9	7.5	8.3	15.4	11.8	20.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	74,860	37,235	37,625	1,420	690	730
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,440	11,185	14,255	775	365	410
Worked	49,420	26,050	23,365	645	330	315
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	22,330	13,575	8,755	210	130	85
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	27,085	12,470	14,615	435	205	235
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2	42.3	40.0	37.1	38.2	35.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	47,250	25,090	22,155	615	340	270
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,020	530	490	20	25	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	46,225	24,560	21,665	590	320	275
Employee	39,445	20,125	19,320	480	250	235
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,780	4,435	2,345	110	65	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	47,245	25,095	22,155	610	340	275
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,025	535	490	25	25	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	46,225	24,560	21,665	590	315	270
0 Management occupations	4,805	3,090	1,720	50	40	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,820	1,305	4,510	75	15	60
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,585	1,255	335	20	15	0
3 Health occupations	2,700	435	2,270	45	0	45
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,515	1,425	3,095	50	0	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	975	400	580	0	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	9,755	3,515	6,240	120	55	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,215	9,675	540	130	105	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,170	1,645	1,525	70	45	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,670	1,820	855	35	20	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	47,245	25,095	22,155	615	340	275
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,020	535	490	25	25	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	46,225	24,560	21,665	590	315	275
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,885	1,880	2,005	65	40	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	320	280	40	15	15	0
22 Utilities	215	165	50	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,030	4,530	500	65	55	10
31-33 Manufacturing	4,405	3,205	1,200	45	45	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,690	1,230	460	20	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,920	1,935	2,980	70	35	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,705	3,085	620	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	560	345	205	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,120	345	780	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	620	325	295	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,910	915	990	35	15	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	65	45	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,055	1,205	845	10	0	15
61 Educational services	2,685	775	1,905	40	10	30
62 Health care and social assistance	4,560	660	3,905	70	0	65
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	720	280	440	15	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,250	1,040	2,205	40	15	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,160	1,035	1,125	40	35	0
91 Public administration	2,370	1,270	1,095	25	0	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	43,540	23,215	20,325	515	295	220
Worked at home	3,475	1,625	1,860	55	40	15
Worked outside Canada	160	130	35	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	8,265	6,415	1,850	100	60	40
Worked at usual place	31,630	15,050	16,585	370	200	165
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	31,635	15,050	16,580	370	200	170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,465	5,285	8,180	145	65	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,120	3,540	4,575	195	115	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	9,865	6,080	3,785	10	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	180	145	30	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	39,895	21,465	18,435	465	260	205
Car, truck, van - as a driver	33,555	18,325	15,230	385	215	170
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,150	1,670	1,475	20	0	10
Public transit	940	425	520	0	0	0
Walked	1,535	650	880	40	20	15
Bicycle	190	125	65	10	0	0
Other method	535	265	270	10	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	39,900	21,465	18,435	460	260	205
Less than 15 minutes	12,030	5,075	6,955	220	100	120
15 to 29 minutes	11,625	5,590	6,035	50	30	25
30 to 44 minutes	7,015	4,265	2,750	85	60	25
45 to 59 minutes	3,585	2,345	1,240	65	50	20
60 minutes and over	5,645	4,195	1,450	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	39,895	21,465	18,435	465	255	205
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,750	3,520	1,225	35	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,870	5,105	2,765	105	60	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,920	4,685	4,230	125	75	50
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,035	2,725	4,310	80	30	55
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,375	1,630	2,745	45	10	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,955	3,795	3,160	75	60	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	51,320	26,930	24,390	685	340	340
Single responses	49,945	26,095	23,850	685	340	340
Official languages	47,340	24,860	22,480	675	335	335
English	47,270	24,850	22,415	670	335	335
French	70	10	60	0	0	0
Non-official languages	2,610	1,235	1,370	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,600	1,235	1,365	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,445	1,155	1,285	10	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,380	1,120	1,265	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,385	1,120	1,265	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,380	1,120	1,265	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	40	25	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	25	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	40	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	55	35	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	20	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Lao	10	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,375	835	535	0	0	0
English and French	65	30	35	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,305	800	505	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	51,320	26,930	24,390	685	345	340
None	48,090	25,185	22,905	660	335	330
English	810	420	395	0	0	0
French	260	140	120	10	0	0
Non-official language	2,140	1,175	965	10	10	0
Aboriginal	60	20	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,080	1,155	925	10	10	10
English and French	0	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	91,170	45,650	45,520	1,575	795	780
Non-movers	78,625	39,320	39,305	1,415	700	715
Movers	12,545	6,325	6,220	165	95	70
Non-migrants	5,870	2,965	2,905	85	50	30
Migrants	6,675	3,360	3,315	85	45	35
Internal migrants	6,005	3,015	2,995	80	45	35
Intraprovincial migrants	5,210	2,590	2,620	75	40	35
Interprovincial migrants	800	425	370	0	0	0
External migrants	665	345	320	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	86,795	43,450	43,340	1,530	765	765
Non-movers	53,560	27,050	26,510	950	485	465
Movers	33,235	16,400	16,830	585	285	300
Non-migrants	15,655	7,620	8,040	200	90	115
Migrants	17,570	8,785	8,790	385	195	190
Internal migrants	14,865	7,455	7,415	385	190	185
Intraprovincial migrants	13,205	6,640	6,570	290	145	150
Interprovincial migrants	1,660	815	840	90	50	45
External migrants	2,705	1,330	1,375	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Mission--Matsqui--Fraser Canyon [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 13, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mission--Matsqui--Fraser Canyon [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Mission--Matsqui--Fraser Canyon [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mission--Matsqui--Fraser Canyon [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia