Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pitt Meadows--Maple Ridge [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Saint-Vallier, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Pitt Meadows--Maple Ridge British Columbia [Federal electoral district]			Saint-Vallier, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Pitt Meadows--Maple Ridge [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : Pitt Meadows--Maple Ridge [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint-Vallier, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	101,101	...	...	1,061	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	94,111	...	...	1,046	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.4	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	38,963	...	...	518	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	37,528	...	...	457	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	49.4	...	...	23.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,045.92	...	...	45.03	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	101,105	49,470	51,625	1,065	535	520
0 to 14 years	17,665	9,080	8,585	175	80	95
0 to 4 years	5,640	2,855	2,780	40	20	20
5 to 9 years	6,075	3,135	2,935	65	30	40
10 to 14 years	5,955	3,080	2,870	65	30	35
15 to 64 years	68,575	33,720	34,850	640	335	310
15 to 19 years	6,480	3,295	3,185	60	35	25
20 to 24 years	6,000	3,090	2,910	50	30	20
25 to 29 years	5,465	2,700	2,765	40	15	15
30 to 34 years	6,460	3,170	3,290	50	25	25
35 to 39 years	6,510	3,165	3,350	60	30	30
40 to 44 years	6,840	3,260	3,580	60	35	30
45 to 49 years	7,965	3,860	4,100	60	30	30
50 to 54 years	8,440	4,120	4,325	95	50	45
55 to 59 years	8,105	4,000	4,105	90	45	40
60 to 64 years	6,300	3,060	3,240	80	35	40
65 years and over	14,860	6,670	8,190	245	125	120
65 to 69 years	5,220	2,470	2,750	95	50	45
70 to 74 years	3,505	1,685	1,815	55	30	30
75 to 79 years	2,535	1,120	1,410	30	20	15
80 to 84 years	1,875	785	1,095	35	15	20
85 years and over	1,730	615	1,120	30	10	20
85 to 89 years	1,075	400	675	20	10	15
90 to 94 years	525	180	345	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	115	30	90	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.5	18.4	16.6	16.4	15.0	18.3
15 to 64 years	67.8	68.2	67.5	60.1	62.6	59.6
65 years and over	14.7	13.5	15.9	23.0	23.4	23.1
85 years and over	1.7	1.2	2.2	2.8	1.9	3.8
Average age of the population	40.3	39.3	41.1	44.5	44.6	44.4
Median age of the population	41.5	40.4	42.5	47.8	48.2	47.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	37,530	...	...	455	...	...
Single-detached house	19,960	...	...	375	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,015	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	16,150	...	...	80	...	...
Semi-detached house	980	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	4,925	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,385	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,850	...	...	40	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	400	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	37,525	...	...	455	...	...
1 person	8,370	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	12,290	...	...	175	...	...
3 persons	6,525	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	6,605	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	3,740	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	99,720	...	...	1,060	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	83,435	40,395	43,035	885	455	430
Married or living common law	50,480	25,165	25,315	550	275	275
Married	42,410	21,170	21,240	310	155	155
Living common law	8,075	4,005	4,070	235	115	120
Not married and not living common law	32,955	15,225	17,730	340	185	150
Never married	20,945	11,380	9,565	230	145	90
Separated	2,470	1,005	1,465	10	5	5
Divorced	5,265	1,935	3,330	45	25	20
Widowed	4,280	905	3,370	55	10	40
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	29,300	...	...	310	...	...
2 persons	13,775	...	...	175	...	...
3 persons	6,760	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	6,530	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	2,235	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	29,300	...	...	310	...	...
Total couple families	24,775	...	...	275	...	...
Married couples	20,740	...	...	155	...	...
Common-law couples	4,035	...	...	115	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,525	...	...	35	...	...
Female parent	3,465	...	...	25	...	...
Male parent	1,060	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,775	...	...	275	...	...
Couples without children	10,960	...	...	155	...	...
Couples with children	13,815	...	...	125	...	...
1 child	5,410	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	6,250	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more children	2,155	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,525	...	...	35	...	...
1 child	2,820	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	1,345	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	355	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,955	6,450	7,505	180	100	80
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	37,530	...	...	455	...	...
One-census-family households	26,820	...	...	305	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,865	...	...	150	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,955	...	...	155	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,215	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	9,490	...	...	150	...	...
One-person households	8,370	...	...	145	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,120	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	100,120	49,140	50,975	1,060	540	525
English only	92,745	45,985	46,755	0	0	0
French only	20	5	15	810	400	415
English and French	6,395	2,725	3,665	250	135	110
Neither English nor French	960	425	540	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	100,120	49,140	50,975	1,060	540	525
English	97,825	48,095	49,725	5	0	0
French	1,055	510	550	1,060	540	525
English and French	305	130	175	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	935	410	525	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,210	570	640	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.2	1.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	100,120	49,145	50,975	1,060	540	525
Single responses	98,585	48,420	50,160	1,060	540	520
Official languages	83,330	41,285	42,045	1,055	535	520
English	82,180	40,740	41,440	0	0	0
French	1,150	550	600	1,055	535	520
Non-official languages	15,255	7,135	8,120	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15,240	7,130	8,110	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	155	135	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	290	150	135	0	0	0
Amharic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	235	130	105	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	20	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	260	115	145	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240	105	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,385	550	830	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	45	25	25	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	10	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	60	25	35	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,185	460	720	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,300	4,495	4,805	0	0	0
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,045	950	1,095	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,020	935	1,085	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Croatian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Czech	165	70	95	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	645	300	345	0	0	0
Russian	575	265	315	0	0	0
Serbian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	105	50	55	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	170	65	105	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,050	980	1,070	0	0	0
Afrikaans	155	80	75	0	0	0
Danish	105	60	50	0	0	0
Dutch	585	275	310	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	1,075	510	565	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Swedish	55	25	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	55	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,640	1,320	1,320	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,780	865	910	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	65	30	30	0	0	0
Hindi	225	105	115	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,310	635	675	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	110	55	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	865	455	410	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	20	20	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	805	425	385	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,405	1,170	1,245	0	0	5
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	440	225	220	0	0	0
Portuguese	380	180	205	0	0	0
Romanian	500	245	255	0	0	0
Spanish	1,085	525	565	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	205	55	150	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	990	480	515	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,960	875	1,090	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,950	865	1,080	0	0	0
Cantonese	665	310	350	0	0	0
Hakka	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,080	465	620	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	100	40	60	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	15	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	40	5	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	5	0	0	0
Turkish	15	15	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	480	235	250	0	0	0
Estonian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	150	75	75	0	0	0
Hungarian	310	150	160	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,540	720	820	5	0	0
English and French	265	130	135	5	0	5
English and non-official language	1,160	535	620	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	20	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	35	40	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	100,120	49,140	50,980	1,060	540	525
Single responses	96,985	47,650	49,330	1,060	535	525
Official languages	90,285	44,425	45,860	1,060	540	520
English	90,055	44,315	45,745	0	0	0
French	235	110	120	1,060	535	525
Non-official languages	6,700	3,225	3,470	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,695	3,230	3,470	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	135	70	70	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	125	60	60	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	150	60	85	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	145	60	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	490	220	265	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	430	195	235	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	10	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,580	1,750	1,830	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	825	400	425	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	810	390	420	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Czech	50	30	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	245	110	135	0	0	0
Russian	345	165	180	0	0	0
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	250	120	130	0	0	0
Afrikaans	85	45	40	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	45	15	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	105	45	55	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,550	770	785	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,020	495	525	0	0	0
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	85	35	45	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	815	395	420	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	40	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	530	270	260	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pashto	15	5	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	495	255	240	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	100	45	55	0	0	0
Romanian	235	110	125	0	0	0
Spanish	520	260	260	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	80	35	45	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	735	365	370	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	25	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,240	585	655	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,245	590	655	0	0	0
Cantonese	370	185	190	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	780	360	420	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	125	50	70	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	35	55	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,135	1,490	1,645	0	0	0
English and French	115	55	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,935	1,395	1,535	0	0	5
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	75	30	40	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	100,120	49,140	50,980	1,060	535	520
None	91,315	45,060	46,255	1,035	520	510
English	3,135	1,510	1,630	25	15	10
French	840	370	470	0	0	0
Non-official language	4,670	2,130	2,540	0	0	0
Aboriginal	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,670	2,130	2,545	0	0	0
English and French	25	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	70	30	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	82,060	39,930	42,130	885	460	425
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	78,600	38,320	40,275	870	450	425
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,819	49,286	29,870	33,331	37,504	30,144
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	78,700	38,410	40,290	875	450	425
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,570	42,150	27,403	29,376	32,896	26,448
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	71,885	35,800	36,080	800	415	385
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,276	49,004	27,327	28,992	34,240	22,571
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	51,890	20,985	30,905	695	345	350
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,799	4,496	4,898	8,133	6,048	8,912
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,890	31,645	30,245	610	330	285
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,230	51,085	29,361	31,552	35,072	26,560
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	82,025	39,905	42,120	840	470	365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	78,590	38,310	40,275	820	455	365
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,281	57,943	37,140	42,465	48,597	34,774
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	78,680	38,390	40,285	820	455	360
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,402	46,940	32,218	34,767	39,072	29,369
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,900	35,800	36,100	755	435	325
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,351	57,556	35,238	38,191	44,225	30,018
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,755	20,860	30,890	630	345	285
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,402	7,631	7,247	9,346	8,394	10,504
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,885	31,620	30,260	580	355	225
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,794	57,601	35,502	41,350	45,657	34,576
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	82,025	39,905	42,120	840	470	365
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	29,640	17,530	12,110	280	180	95
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	58,339	66,884	48,477	47,193	48,514	42,844
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,616	73,853	53,691	53,021	59,520	40,811
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.6	92.8	84.9	81.8	86.3	76.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.7	81.7	71.9	64.9	66.6	61.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.4	7.2	15.1	18.3	14.4	23.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	82,055	39,930	42,130	885	455	430
Without total income	3,460	1,605	1,850	15	10	5
With total income	78,600	38,320	40,280	875	450	425
Percentage with total income	95.8	96.0	95.6	98.9	98.9	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,660	4,040	6,620	90	45	50
$10,000 to $19,999	12,075	4,530	7,545	165	70	100
$20,000 to $29,999	9,740	3,710	6,030	135	70	65
$30,000 to $39,999	8,735	3,630	5,110	135	60	70
$40,000 to $49,999	7,995	3,515	4,480	120	70	50
$50,000 to $59,999	6,625	3,355	3,275	90	50	40
$60,000 to $69,999	5,520	3,285	2,235	40	20	20
$70,000 to $79,999	4,415	2,880	1,540	40	30	15
$80,000 to $89,999	3,625	2,360	1,265	20	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,505	1,730	775	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	6,695	5,295	1,400	25	20	10
$100,000 to $149,999	4,980	3,890	1,085	15	15	5
$150,000 and over	1,720	1,405	310	5	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	82,055	39,930	42,130	890	455	430
Without after-tax income	3,355	1,520	1,840	15	5	5
With after-tax income	78,700	38,410	40,290	870	450	425
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	96.2	95.6	97.8	98.9	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,060	4,260	6,795	95	40	55
$10,000 to $19,999	12,755	4,905	7,850	175	70	100
$20,000 to $29,999	11,680	4,575	7,105	175	90	85
$30,000 to $39,999	10,440	4,440	6,005	160	85	75
$40,000 to $49,999	9,310	4,520	4,795	115	65	55
$50,000 to $59,999	7,290	4,305	2,985	70	35	30
$60,000 to $69,999	5,400	3,555	1,850	40	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	4,060	2,670	1,385	20	10	10
$80,000 and over	6,700	5,175	1,525	25	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,340	1,690	650	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,460	1,165	295	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,900	2,310	585	10	10	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	82,060	39,925	42,130	890	455	430
Without employment income	20,165	8,285	11,880	270	130	145
With employment income	61,890	31,645	30,250	610	330	285
Percentage with employment income	75.4	79.3	71.8	68.5	72.5	66.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,445	3,665	4,780	85	45	45
$5,000 to $9,999	4,085	1,595	2,490	50	25	30
$10,000 to $19,999	7,400	2,925	4,475	80	35	45
$20,000 to $29,999	6,050	2,435	3,610	75	40	40
$30,000 to $39,999	6,020	2,415	3,600	75	40	35
$40,000 to $49,999	5,770	2,485	3,285	80	45	35
$50,000 to $59,999	5,125	2,675	2,450	60	35	30
$60,000 to $69,999	4,475	2,760	1,715	35	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,705	2,480	1,220	25	15	10
$80,000 and over	10,820	8,210	2,620	40	30	10
$80,000 to $89,999	3,045	2,020	1,020	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,160	1,550	605	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	5,625	4,630	990	15	10	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	37,530	...	...	455	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	86,234	...	...	63,552	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,129	...	...	55,872	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,370	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,642	...	...	31,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,309	...	...	26,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	29,155	...	...	315	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,663	...	...	83,712	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,568	...	...	71,552	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	37,525	...	...	440	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	99,022	...	...	79,495	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	82,618	...	...	65,085	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,380	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,334	...	...	32,060	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,975	...	...	27,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	29,145	...	...	330	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,175	...	...	95,964	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,170	...	...	78,142	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	37,530	...	...	455	...	...
Under $5,000	430	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	360	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	765	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,155	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,265	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,090	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,230	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,295	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,225	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,250	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,445	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,460	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,340	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,345	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,300	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,580	...	...	115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,850	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,730	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,320	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,680	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,530	...	...	460	...	...
Under $5,000	465	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	360	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	785	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,195	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,425	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,345	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,510	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,545	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,515	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,505	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,950	...	...	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,930	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,965	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,775	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,500	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,750	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,945	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,150	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,650	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	28,475	...	...	315	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,549	...	...	83,712	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,757	...	...	71,552	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,625	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,591	...	...	70,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,395	...	...	60,032	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	13,885	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,852	...	...	100,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,785	...	...	85,376	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,090	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,216	...	...	68,864	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,165	...	...	62,336	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	28,435	...	...	325	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	113,445	...	...	95,964	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,431	...	...	78,142	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,590	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,041	...	...	85,925	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,606	...	...	69,725	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	13,870	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,200	...	...	114,392	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,487	...	...	92,858	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,065	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,230	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,496	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,625	5,565	6,055	150	90	60
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,986	39,851	29,883	29,376	34,688	25,920
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,417	34,734	27,253	26,368	30,016	21,696
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	11,545	5,590	5,955	110	80	30
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	42,452	47,260	37,941	32,060	35,420	23,924
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,964	39,182	32,945	27,480	29,758	21,964
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	99,720	49,005	50,715	1,060	535	520
In the bottom half of the distribution	40,245	18,790	21,460	600	310	295
In the bottom decile	7,685	3,595	4,095	60	30	25
In the second decile	7,130	3,055	4,075	120	60	55
In the third decile	7,375	3,405	3,965	120	60	60
In the fourth decile	8,245	3,970	4,275	165	75	90
In the fifth decile	9,815	4,770	5,040	145	75	65
In the top half of the distribution	59,475	30,210	29,255	455	230	230
In the sixth decile	11,065	5,480	5,585	140	65	70
In the seventh decile	12,075	6,100	5,970	120	65	55
In the eighth decile	12,910	6,565	6,340	105	55	50
In the ninth decile	13,350	6,815	6,535	55	30	25
In the top decile	10,070	5,245	4,825	40	20	20
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	99,460	48,875	50,580	1,060	535	525
0 to 17 years	21,450	10,965	10,485	210	105	110
0 to 5 years	6,800	3,490	3,315	55	30	25
18 to 64 years	64,130	31,520	32,605	605	315	295
65 years and over	13,875	6,390	7,485	240	125	120
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,480	4,690	5,790	120	70	50
0 to 17 years	2,695	1,370	1,325	25	20	5
0 to 5 years	840	425	415	10	10	0
18 to 64 years	5,965	2,645	3,320	50	25	20
65 years and over	1,825	675	1,150	50	20	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.5	9.6	11.4	11.3	13.1	9.5
0 to 17 years (%)	12.6	12.5	12.6	11.9	19.0	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	12.4	12.2	12.5	18.2	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	8.4	10.2	8.3	7.9	6.8
65 years and over (%)	13.2	10.6	15.4	20.8	16.0	25.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,490	3,850	4,645	35	20	15
0 to 17 years	2,175	1,085	1,090	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	650	310	335	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	5,210	2,385	2,825	30	20	10
65 years and over	1,100	375	725	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.5	7.9	9.2	3.3	3.7	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	10.1	9.9	10.4	4.8	4.8	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	8.9	10.1	0.0	16.7	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	7.6	8.7	5.0	6.3	3.4
65 years and over (%)	7.9	5.9	9.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	99,670	48,965	50,705	990	530	450
Official languages	98,720	48,540	50,175	985	535	450
English	98,695	48,535	50,165	270	170	100
French	6,540	2,790	3,745	985	535	455
Non-official languages	19,520	9,270	10,255	30	10	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	19,515	9,265	10,250	30	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	440	250	190	10	0	10
Berber languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	15	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	430	240	190	0	0	0
Amharic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Arabic	340	205	140	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	40	15	25	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	20	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	15	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	435	220	215	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	25	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	400	195	200	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,895	805	1,085	0	0	0
Bikol	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	15	25	0	0	0
Fijian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	100	30	70	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,730	725	1,010	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	0	0	0
Creole languages	75	45	30	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	30	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	55	30	20	0	0	0
Telugu	65	35	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	12,135	5,785	6,355	25	15	15
Albanian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Armenian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,405	1,090	1,315	0	0	0
Baltic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,385	1,085	1,300	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Croatian	215	95	110	0	0	0
Czech	245	110	130	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	745	310	435	0	0	0
Russian	815	385	430	0	0	0
Serbian	95	65	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	125	65	55	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	265	100	160	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Welsh	15	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,745	1,300	1,440	0	0	10
Afrikaans	375	190	185	0	0	0
Danish	110	50	65	0	0	0
Dutch	645	295	345	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,490	730	760	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	110	35	70	0	0	0
Swedish	80	35	45	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	200	110	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,220	1,545	1,670	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,400	1,140	1,260	0	0	0
Bengali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	200	100	100	0	0	0
Hindi	760	335	430	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	75	30	45	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,620	790	830	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	0	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Urdu	175	90	80	0	0	0
Iranian languages	830	410	420	0	0	0
Kurdish	40	15	25	0	0	0
Pashto	35	15	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	800	400	400	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,750	1,810	1,945	25	10	15
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	590	270	320	0	0	0
Portuguese	430	225	205	0	0	0
Romanian	580	290	290	0	0	0
Spanish	2,280	1,080	1,205	25	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	425	160	265	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,095	560	540	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	175	65	110	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	65	20	45	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	20	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	10	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	245	115	130	0	0	0
American Sign Language	80	20	60	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	165	95	75	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,335	1,085	1,245	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,305	1,075	1,230	0	0	0
Cantonese	855	410	440	0	0	0
Hakka	25	15	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,525	680	840	0	0	0
Min Dong	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	185	80	110	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Burmese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	45	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	120	75	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	45	30	15	0	0	0
Turkish	70	45	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	460	240	220	0	0	0
Estonian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Finnish	135	60	75	0	0	0
Hungarian	315	165	150	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	99,670	48,965	50,705	985	535	455
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	94,560	46,475	48,080	980	535	450
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,670	10,480	10,185	180	95	90
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	73,895	36,000	37,895	800	435	360
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,110	2,490	2,620	0	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	99,670	48,970	50,700	990	535	455
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	79,355	39,230	40,125	980	530	445
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	19,420	9,300	10,125	10	0	10
Before 1981	6,685	3,300	3,385	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	2,125	1,045	1,085	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	4,020	1,765	2,250	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	4,690	2,245	2,445	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	2,155	1,035	1,115	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	2,535	1,205	1,330	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,900	945	960	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	890	435	455	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	19,420	9,300	10,120	10	0	10
Under 5 years	2,355	1,190	1,165	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	3,735	1,980	1,755	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	3,830	1,705	2,125	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	8,045	3,685	4,365	10	0	0
45 years and over	1,445	735	715	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	19,420	9,300	10,120	10	0	10
Americas	2,100	970	1,130	0	0	10
Brazil	80	20	60	0	0	0
Colombia	120	50	65	0	0	0
El Salvador	175	105	65	0	0	0
Guyana	30	20	15	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	70	20	40	0	0	0
Mexico	255	90	170	0	0	0
Peru	95	35	65	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	90	55	35	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	755	365	390	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	425	215	210	0	0	0
Europe	8,495	4,200	4,290	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	70	40	35	0	0	0
Croatia	170	85	85	0	0	0
France	65	35	30	0	0	0
Germany	730	390	345	0	0	0
Greece	65	40	25	0	0	0
Hungary	155	70	80	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	180	95	85	0	0	0
Italy	220	105	110	0	0	0
Netherlands	535	265	270	0	0	0
Poland	540	225	315	0	0	0
Portugal	180	95	80	0	0	0
Romania	500	245	250	0	0	0
Russian Federation	250	120	125	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	200	95	105	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	3,725	1,830	1,895	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	850	425	430	0	0	0
Africa	1,135	575	555	10	0	10
Algeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	75	40	35	0	0	0
Ethiopia	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kenya	70	30	40	0	0	0
Morocco	25	10	15	10	0	10
Nigeria	75	30	40	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	540	275	265	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	280	150	135	0	0	0
Asia	7,335	3,375	3,965	0	0	0
Afghanistan	135	70	70	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	870	370	495	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	390	185	205	0	0	0
India	1,140	550	590	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	515	260	255	0	0	0
Iraq	45	25	20	0	0	0
Japan	125	15	105	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	815	405	410	0	0	0
Lebanon	70	40	30	0	0	0
Pakistan	85	30	55	0	0	0
Philippines	1,725	735	990	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	60	25	35	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	80	50	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	255	120	140	0	0	0
Viet Nam	280	155	125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	735	340	395	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	360	180	185	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,905	945	960	0	0	0
Americas	245	90	150	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	60	15	45	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	85	40	45	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	15	30	0	0	0
Europe	375	205	170	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	35	25	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	40	20	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	40	10	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	180	115	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	25	25	0	0	0
Africa	80	40	40	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	15	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	1,170	580	595	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	190	90	100	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	25	10	20	0	0	0
India	160	60	95	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	90	60	25	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	65	40	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	450	210	235	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	30	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	35	15	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	35	30	0	0	0	0
Australia	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	99,670	48,965	50,705	985	530	455
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	20,905	10,025	10,880	10	0	10
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	22,095	10,910	11,185	15	10	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	56,670	28,030	28,640	965	530	435
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	13,060	6,180	6,880	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	7,720	3,750	3,975	0	0	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,885	1,775	1,115	10	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	4,835	1,970	2,865	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	3,675	1,490	2,185	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,615	910	700	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	50	30	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	99,670	48,965	50,705	990	530	455
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,620	2,115	2,500	0	10	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	4,495	2,080	2,410	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,450	1,110	1,345	0	0	0
Métis	2,030	970	1,065	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	40	10	30	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	95,050	46,850	48,200	980	530	450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	99,670	48,965	50,705	990	530	450
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,300	555	745	10	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	98,370	48,410	49,960	980	530	450
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	99,670	48,965	50,705	985	535	455
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	630	300	330	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	625	300	325	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	440	195	245	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	180	100	80	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,650	2,135	2,520	20	15	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,440	2,030	2,415	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,610	1,165	1,445	20	10	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,805	845	955	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	210	110	105	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	200	100	95	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	94,385	46,530	47,860	960	515	445
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	99,670	48,970	50,705	985	530	455
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	15,605	7,350	8,255	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	3,310	1,635	1,675	0	0	0
Chinese	2,915	1,345	1,575	0	0	0
Black	1,145	535	615	0	0	0
Filipino	2,485	1,105	1,380	0	0	0
Latin American	1,070	505	565	0	0	0
Arab	235	115	115	10	0	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	865	400	465	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	895	450	445	0	0	0
Korean	1,110	570	540	0	0	0
Japanese	685	305	385	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	230	90	140	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	650	295	355	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	84,070	41,620	42,455	980	535	450
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	99,670	48,965	50,705	985	535	455
North American Aboriginal origins	5,285	2,440	2,845	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,260	1,465	1,800	20	15	10
Inuit	40	30	15	0	0	0
Métis	2,200	1,060	1,140	0	0	0
Other North American origins	26,375	13,185	13,190	805	435	375
Acadian	55	25	35	0	0	0
American	1,715	840	880	0	0	0
Canadian	25,275	12,620	12,655	810	430	375
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	45	25	20	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	76,245	37,515	38,730	360	205	160
British Isles origins	53,595	26,305	27,285	45	25	20
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	33,300	16,020	17,275	0	0	0
Irish	18,395	8,760	9,635	30	20	15
Manx	45	25	20	0	0	0
Scottish	24,175	11,815	12,355	20	10	10
Welsh	3,160	1,545	1,615	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,120	1,520	1,595	0	0	0
French origins	10,580	4,920	5,655	340	185	155
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,575	4,915	5,655	340	180	155
Western European origins (except French origins)	21,275	10,290	10,980	0	0	10
Austrian	1,320	630	690	0	0	0
Bavarian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Belgian	565	280	285	10	0	10
Dutch	5,660	2,675	2,985	0	0	0
Flemish	35	15	20	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15,225	7,440	7,790	0	0	0
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	400	150	245	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,130	4,845	5,285	0	0	0
Danish	1,515	755	765	0	0	0
Finnish	1,330	690	640	0	0	0
Icelandic	840	380	460	0	0	0
Norwegian	3,855	1,830	2,025	0	0	0
Swedish	3,105	1,460	1,645	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	470	200	275	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	15,740	7,705	8,040	0	0	0
Bulgarian	125	70	60	0	0	0
Byelorussian	90	45	40	0	0	0
Czech	795	410	395	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	140	60	80	0	0	0
Estonian	170	115	55	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,655	850	805	0	0	0
Latvian	95	50	45	0	0	0
Lithuanian	100	60	40	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	4,215	2,020	2,190	0	0	0
Romanian	1,115	535	575	0	0	0
Russian	3,055	1,475	1,585	0	0	0
Slovak	275	130	150	0	0	0
Ukrainian	6,360	3,045	3,310	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	9,520	4,885	4,630	0	0	0
Albanian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	100	45	55	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	520	290	235	0	0	0
Cypriot	15	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	620	310	310	0	0	0
Italian	5,150	2,700	2,445	0	0	0
Kosovar	15	15	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	55	30	20	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,395	735	655	0	0	0
Serbian	230	130	95	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	170	85	85	0	0	0
Spanish	1,515	685	830	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	340	150	190	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other European origins	660	370	290	10	10	0
Basque	10	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	205	105	100	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	425	245	180	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	810	340	465	0	0	0
Antiguan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	85	30	50	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	30	10	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	390	165	220	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	115	45	65	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	70	35	40	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	80	45	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,775	895	880	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	90	45	45	0	0	0
Chilean	145	65	75	0	0	0
Colombian	185	90	95	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Guatemalan	75	45	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	20	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	45	25	15	0	0	0
Mexican	655	305	350	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Paraguayan	25	20	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	170	75	90	0	0	0
Salvadorean	205	115	90	0	0	0
Uruguayan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Venezuelan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	50	25	25	0	0	0
African origins	1,730	895	840	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	155	90	65	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	50	30	20	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	90	60	30	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	175	90	75	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	20	15	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	95	55	45	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	795	405	390	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	30	20	15	0	0	0
Ethiopian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	30	0	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	0	10	0	0	0
South African	520	280	240	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	45	10	35	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	615	305	310	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	90	45	45	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	525	265	260	0	0	0
Asian origins	13,985	6,645	7,335	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,775	905	870	10	0	0
Afghan	210	110	100	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Armenian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	35	15	15	0	0	0
Georgian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	775	375	400	0	0	0
Iraqi	50	20	25	0	0	0
Israeli	45	25	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurd	35	10	25	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	220	135	80	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turk	80	35	40	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	55	20	35	0	0	0
South Asian origins	3,380	1,610	1,770	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
East Indian	2,860	1,345	1,515	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	160	80	80	0	0	0
Punjabi	260	130	125	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	145	70	75	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	100	55	45	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	8,945	4,190	4,750	0	0	0
Burmese	30	15	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	50	30	20	0	0	0
Chinese	3,405	1,595	1,810	0	0	0
Filipino	2,690	1,210	1,480	0	0	0
Hmong	105	50	55	0	0	0
Indonesian	175	85	90	0	0	0
Japanese	910	405	510	0	0	0
Karen	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,180	605	575	0	0	0
Laotian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Singaporean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	215	105	115	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	510	240	270	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	800	420	380	0	0	0
Australian	335	200	135	0	0	0
New Zealander	110	70	40	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	365	145	215	0	0	0
Fijian	270	110	155	0	0	0
Hawaiian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Maori	30	20	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	45	10	45	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	37,525	...	...	440	...	...
Owner	29,800	...	...	330	...	...
Renter	7,725	...	...	105	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	37,520	...	...	440	...	...
Condominium	7,810	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	29,715	...	...	430	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	37,520	...	...	440	...	...
No bedrooms	100	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,570	...	...	55	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,985	...	...	105	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,890	...	...	155	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,975	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	37,525	...	...	440	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,930	...	...	80	...	...
5 rooms	5,360	...	...	80	...	...
6 rooms	5,315	...	...	65	...	...
7 rooms	4,750	...	...	40	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,180	...	...	170	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	37,525	...	...	440	...	...
One person or fewer per room	37,155	...	...	435	...	...
More than 1 person per room	370	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	37,525	...	...	435	...	...
Suitable	36,200	...	...	435	...	...
Not suitable	1,325	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	37,525	...	...	440	...	...
1960 or before	3,050	...	...	250	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,585	...	...	100	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,195	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	8,165	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,175	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,250	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,100	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	37,520	...	...	440	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	35,770	...	...	405	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,750	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	37,520	...	...	435	...	...
1 household maintainer	19,600	...	...	255	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,695	...	...	185	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,225	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	37,525	...	...	435	...	...
15 to 24 years	575	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,460	...	...	45	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,605	...	...	40	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,160	...	...	90	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,235	...	...	100	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,005	...	...	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,655	...	...	50	...	...
85 years and over	830	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	37,125	...	...	425	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	28,395	...	...	385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,735	...	...	40	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,625	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,480	...	...	320	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	70.1	...	...	43.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	19.2	...	...	4.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,568	...	...	750	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,581	...	...	831	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	598,356	...	...	224,434	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	606,405	...	...	259,148	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,700	...	...	105	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.2	...	...	23.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.1	...	...	18.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	988	...	...	497	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,101	...	...	485	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	82,020	39,905	42,115	835	470	370
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,600	6,465	6,130	150	90	60
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	27,170	12,975	14,195	195	95	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,250	20,455	21,790	490	280	210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,615	7,355	2,260	155	100	55
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,690	2,160	1,535	110	65	45
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,930	5,200	730	50	35	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,690	6,645	11,050	155	90	70
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,365	955	1,420	40	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,570	5,505	7,065	145	80	65
Bachelor's degree	8,360	3,585	4,780	105	60	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,465	520	945	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	365	210	150	10	0	10
Master's degree	2,095	1,010	1,090	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	280	180	95	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	55,685	27,110	28,575	510	280	230
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,025	2,850	2,170	55	25	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,165	8,375	8,795	130	70	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,495	15,890	17,605	335	185	150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,990	5,505	1,485	105	65	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,560	1,500	1,060	75	45	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,425	4,000	425	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,060	5,190	8,865	105	55	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,870	715	1,155	25	10	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,580	4,480	6,100	100	55	45
Bachelor's degree	7,040	2,960	4,080	65	40	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,215	410	800	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	170	130	10	10	0
Master's degree	1,780	790	990	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	240	145	95	0	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	82,020	39,905	42,115	840	465	370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	39,770	19,450	20,325	345	185	155
Education	2,910	645	2,265	25	10	15
13. Education	2,910	645	2,265	25	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,585	745	845	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	405	320	90	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,180	425	755	10	0	0
Humanities	1,790	650	1,140	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	185	20	165	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	480	135	350	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	510	210	295	10	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	55	40	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	270	125	145	10	0	0
54. History	200	105	95	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	50	0	55	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,605	1,370	3,235	25	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	320	110	210	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	965	65	900	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	825	145	680	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	700	180	525	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,735	860	875	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,665	2,650	5,015	105	45	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	40	10	35	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	415	100	310	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,210	2,545	4,665	95	40	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,020	535	480	20	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	370	160	210	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	270	135	125	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	315	200	105	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	35	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,160	755	405	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	970	695	280	10	10	0
25. Library science	65	10	55	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	115	50	70	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,485	9,850	635	110	115	0
04. Architecture and related services	180	125	55	10	0	0
14. Engineering	1,255	1,040	215	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,620	1,465	155	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,170	3,080	90	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,690	2,635	60	35	35	0
48. Precision production	1,565	1,505	60	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	765	440	320	55	40	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	505	250	255	35	30	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	260	190	70	20	15	10
Health and related fields	7,085	1,295	5,790	70	20	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	610	310	295	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,405	945	5,455	65	10	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	40	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,180	1,520	1,665	35	20	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,935	430	1,510	25	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	470	350	120	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	760	730	40	15	15	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	55,685	27,115	28,570	515	280	235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	22,190	11,220	10,965	175	95	85
Education	2,280	440	1,835	10	0	10
13. Education	2,275	440	1,835	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,205	580	630	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	340	260	80	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	865	320	545	10	0	0
Humanities	1,450	495	950	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	165	20	150	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	375	100	275	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	415	170	240	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	25	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	215	100	115	0	0	0
54. History	165	80	85	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	50	0	45	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,875	1,110	2,760	25	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	275	85	190	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	745	55	695	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	710	115	600	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	590	135	460	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,495	710	790	10	10	10
Business, management and public administration	6,220	2,140	4,080	70	20	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	25	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	330	80	255	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,860	2,050	3,805	60	20	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	810	420	390	15	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	305	140	165	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	195	85	105	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	250	165	90	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	25	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	995	660	340	10	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	865	620	245	10	10	0
25. Library science	55	0	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	30	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,070	7,560	510	80	75	0
04. Architecture and related services	125	75	45	0	10	0
14. Engineering	1,090	905	185	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,145	1,025	120	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,440	2,380	65	10	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,100	2,050	45	15	10	0
48. Precision production	1,170	1,130	45	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	610	325	285	40	35	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	410	185	230	25	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	195	140	55	20	10	0
Health and related fields	5,595	965	4,625	55	20	35
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	475	225	250	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,045	705	4,340	45	0	35
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	35	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,385	1,185	1,195	25	15	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,375	305	1,075	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	375	285	90	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	625	595	30	15	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	82,020	39,900	42,115	840	470	370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,770	19,445	20,325	345	190	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	42,250	20,460	21,795	495	280	210
Location of study inside Canada	34,980	16,865	18,120	490	285	210
Same as province or territory of residence	30,045	14,320	15,720	475	275	200
Different than province or territory of residence	4,940	2,540	2,400	15	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	7,270	3,595	3,675	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	925	510	415	0	0	0
Philippines	735	270	470	0	0	0
India	310	135	180	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,330	740	585	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	455	185	265	0	0	0
France	60	35	25	0	0	0
Other	3,455	1,715	1,740	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	55,680	27,110	28,570	515	280	235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,185	11,220	10,970	180	95	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,495	15,890	17,605	335	185	150
Location of study inside Canada	27,970	13,290	14,685	335	185	150
Same as province or territory of residence	24,255	11,415	12,845	330	180	150
Different than province or territory of residence	3,710	1,880	1,840	0	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,525	2,605	2,925	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	735	370	360	0	0	0
Philippines	625	225	405	0	0	0
India	265	105	155	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	780	410	375	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	410	170	240	0	0	0
France	55	30	25	0	0	0
Other	2,655	1,290	1,370	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	82,025	39,900	42,120	840	465	370
In the labour force	56,550	29,635	26,915	525	330	195
Employed	53,655	28,170	25,480	495	305	190
Unemployed	2,905	1,465	1,435	30	25	0
Not in the labour force	25,470	10,265	15,200	315	140	175
Participation rate	68.9	74.3	63.9	62.5	71.0	52.7
Employment rate	65.4	70.6	60.5	58.9	65.6	51.4
Unemployment rate	5.1	4.9	5.3	5.7	7.6	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	82,025	39,905	42,120	835	470	370
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	23,705	9,640	14,065	275	120	155
Worked	58,315	30,260	28,055	565	350	220
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	30,375	18,005	12,370	290	185	100
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	27,935	12,250	15,680	280	160	115
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	44.5	42.3	43.4	43.6	43.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	56,555	29,635	26,920	525	330	195
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	750	360	385	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	55,805	29,275	26,535	520	325	195
Employee	49,080	25,225	23,855	430	255	175
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,725	4,045	2,680	90	70	20
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	56,555	29,635	26,920	525	330	195
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	750	360	385	0	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	55,805	29,270	26,535	520	325	195
0 Management occupations	6,380	3,920	2,460	90	65	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,580	1,865	6,715	50	15	30
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,850	2,250	600	55	40	15
3 Health occupations	3,315	630	2,685	30	0	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,320	2,005	4,315	65	30	35
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,660	680	975	10	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	12,835	5,305	7,535	70	40	35
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	11,090	10,495	590	65	60	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,025	730	295	40	40	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,745	1,395	350	35	25	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	56,555	29,635	26,915	525	330	195
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	750	360	385	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	55,805	29,275	26,535	520	325	195
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	790	465	330	80	55	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	220	180	40	0	0	0
22 Utilities	315	230	80	0	0	0
23 Construction	6,575	5,800	775	15	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	4,150	3,070	1,080	115	90	25
41 Wholesale trade	2,740	1,825	915	15	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,710	3,035	3,670	25	15	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,270	2,585	685	30	30	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,590	990	600	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,380	805	1,570	15	10	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,080	555	525	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,360	1,605	1,750	25	10	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	110	55	55	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,375	1,455	920	15	15	0
61 Educational services	3,630	930	2,700	40	25	15
62 Health care and social assistance	6,265	1,010	5,255	60	10	55
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,165	495	670	0	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,330	1,260	2,070	20	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,545	1,105	1,435	25	20	0
91 Public administration	3,205	1,810	1,395	20	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	53,650	28,170	25,485	495	305	190
Worked at home	3,955	1,675	2,280	70	50	25
Worked outside Canada	200	145	55	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	8,835	6,840	2,000	20	25	0
Worked at usual place	40,660	19,515	21,145	400	235	170
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	40,660	19,515	21,145	405	235	165
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	12,285	4,560	7,725	60	35	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	26,415	13,940	12,480	65	50	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,815	915	900	280	150	130
Commute to a different province or territory	140	100	40	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	49,500	26,350	23,145	425	255	165
Car, truck, van - as a driver	40,070	22,060	18,005	390	245	145
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,570	1,220	1,350	25	10	15
Public transit	4,190	1,815	2,375	0	0	0
Walked	1,820	715	1,105	10	0	10
Bicycle	240	170	75	0	0	0
Other method	610	375	230	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	49,495	26,355	23,145	425	260	165
Less than 15 minutes	10,665	4,170	6,495	95	70	25
15 to 29 minutes	12,340	6,200	6,145	150	85	60
30 to 44 minutes	10,205	5,825	4,385	125	60	70
45 to 59 minutes	6,540	4,045	2,500	30	25	10
60 minutes and over	9,745	6,115	3,625	20	15	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	49,495	26,350	23,145	425	260	165
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	6,400	4,880	1,525	15	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,625	6,630	3,995	85	65	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,365	5,375	5,990	145	85	55
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,250	3,085	5,165	100	35	60
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,925	1,990	2,940	15	10	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,930	4,395	3,530	70	50	20
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	60,140	31,070	29,070	575	350	225
Single responses	59,720	30,880	28,840	555	345	215
Official languages	59,255	30,615	28,645	555	345	215
English	59,105	30,580	28,525	0	0	0
French	150	35	115	555	340	210
Non-official languages	465	265	200	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	465	265	200	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	105	75	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	45	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	50	35	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	55	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	65	85	0	0	0
Chinese languages	150	70	85	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	20	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	100	50	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	420	190	230	20	10	10
English and French	80	25	50	20	10	0
English and non-official language	340	160	175	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	60,140	31,075	29,065	575	350	225
None	58,460	30,365	28,090	475	290	185
English	315	125	195	95	60	30
French	400	130	270	0	0	0
Non-official language	925	440	485	10	0	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	925	440	480	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	98,590	48,440	50,145	985	530	455
Non-movers	83,485	41,090	42,395	945	505	435
Movers	15,100	7,355	7,750	35	20	20
Non-migrants	6,820	3,275	3,550	10	10	0
Migrants	8,285	4,080	4,200	30	15	15
Internal migrants	7,565	3,710	3,850	30	15	15
Intraprovincial migrants	6,795	3,355	3,445	25	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	770	360	410	0	10	0
External migrants	720	370	345	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	94,110	46,175	47,930	935	510	425
Non-movers	54,985	27,055	27,930	720	390	335
Movers	39,120	19,125	20,000	215	120	95
Non-migrants	17,635	8,600	9,040	70	55	15
Migrants	21,485	10,530	10,960	150	70	80
Internal migrants	18,995	9,270	9,725	150	70	80
Intraprovincial migrants	17,105	8,330	8,775	135	60	80
Interprovincial migrants	1,890	940	950	10	10	0
External migrants	2,495	1,260	1,235	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Pitt Meadows--Maple Ridge [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Saint-Vallier, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pitt Meadows--Maple Ridge [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Saint-Vallier, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Pitt Meadows--Maple Ridge [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Saint-Vallier, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pitt Meadows--Maple Ridge [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Saint-Vallier, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec