Census Profile, 2016 Census
South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	South Surrey--White Rock British Columbia [Federal electoral district]			Cottlesville, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	104,051	...	...	271	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	94,678	...	...	272	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	9.9	...	...	-0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	44,781	...	...	148	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	41,917	...	...	122	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	720.2	...	...	24.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	144.47	...	...	11.17	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	104,050	49,140	54,910	275	140	130
0 to 14 years	14,710	7,550	7,155	35	20	15
0 to 4 years	4,285	2,230	2,050	25	10	10
5 to 9 years	5,035	2,580	2,460	10	10	0
10 to 14 years	5,385	2,740	2,645	5	5	0
15 to 64 years	63,685	30,190	33,500	165	90	80
15 to 19 years	6,040	3,055	2,985	10	0	5
20 to 24 years	4,990	2,555	2,430	5	5	0
25 to 29 years	4,235	2,060	2,180	10	10	5
30 to 34 years	4,590	2,160	2,435	10	5	5
35 to 39 years	5,240	2,345	2,895	10	10	5
40 to 44 years	6,710	3,075	3,640	15	5	10
45 to 49 years	7,515	3,495	4,015	35	20	15
50 to 54 years	8,160	3,850	4,305	20	10	10
55 to 59 years	8,100	3,845	4,255	20	15	10
60 to 64 years	8,110	3,755	4,355	20	10	15
65 years and over	25,655	11,395	14,255	70	30	40
65 to 69 years	7,905	3,630	4,270	25	15	10
70 to 74 years	6,060	2,905	3,160	25	10	20
75 to 79 years	4,360	2,030	2,335	10	0	5
80 to 84 years	3,235	1,420	1,815	5	0	0
85 years and over	4,095	1,415	2,685	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	2,340	910	1,435	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	1,290	395	895	0	5	0
95 to 99 years	395	95	300	0	0	0
100 years and over	60	10	55	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	15.4	13.0	12.7	14.3	11.5
15 to 64 years	61.2	61.4	61.0	60.0	64.3	61.5
65 years and over	24.7	23.2	26.0	25.5	21.4	30.8
85 years and over	3.9	2.9	4.9	1.8	3.6	0.0
Average age of the population	46.0	44.7	47.2	47.3	45.8	48.8
Median age of the population	48.6	47.5	49.6	50.3	49.2	52.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	41,920	...	...	120	...	...
Single-detached house	20,165	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,390	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	20,115	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,470	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	5,745	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,965	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,890	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	240	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	41,915	...	...	125	...	...
1 person	11,700	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	15,275	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	6,095	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	5,685	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	3,160	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	101,145	...	...	270	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	89,340	41,590	47,750	235	120	115
Married or living common law	55,050	27,285	27,760	165	85	85
Married	49,530	24,535	24,995	150	75	75
Living common law	5,515	2,750	2,760	15	5	5
Not married and not living common law	34,295	14,305	19,995	70	35	35
Never married	19,295	9,975	9,320	40	25	10
Separated	2,130	840	1,290	5	0	5
Divorced	6,580	2,205	4,375	10	5	5
Widowed	6,295	1,285	5,005	20	0	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	30,480	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	16,505	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	6,210	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	5,850	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,905	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	30,480	...	...	95	...	...
Total couple families	26,495	...	...	80	...	...
Married couples	23,735	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	2,755	...	...	10	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,985	...	...	10	...	...
Female parent	3,210	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	775	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,490	...	...	85	...	...
Couples without children	13,945	...	...	50	...	...
Couples with children	12,545	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	5,030	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	5,650	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	1,865	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,985	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	2,560	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,180	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	250	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,105	6,190	9,920	40	20	20
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	41,915	...	...	120	...	...
One-census-family households	28,045	...	...	90	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	12,820	...	...	50	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,225	...	...	40	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,165	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	12,705	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	11,700	...	...	30	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,005	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	102,425	48,635	53,795	270	140	130
English only	91,600	43,920	47,685	265	140	125
French only	25	15	10	0	0	0
English and French	7,835	3,385	4,450	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	2,975	1,315	1,655	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	102,430	48,630	53,795	270	140	135
English	98,005	46,705	51,305	270	140	130
French	1,060	450	615	0	0	0
English and French	430	185	245	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	2,930	1,295	1,630	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,275	540	740	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.1	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	102,430	48,630	53,800	270	140	130
Single responses	100,570	47,770	52,800	275	135	130
Official languages	73,515	35,415	38,100	270	140	135
English	72,390	34,935	37,460	270	140	130
French	1,125	480	645	0	0	0
Non-official languages	27,055	12,355	14,700	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	27,045	12,355	14,690	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	255	125	135	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	250	120	130	0	0	0
Amharic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	215	105	110	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	150	65	85	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	145	65	85	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	805	220	580	0	0	0
Bikol	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	5	20	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	45	15	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	670	185	485	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	45	40	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	12,535	5,905	6,630	0	0	0
Albanian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,035	890	1,145	0	0	0
Baltic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,005	880	1,130	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Croatian	190	90	95	0	0	0
Czech	155	70	90	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	405	185	225	0	0	0
Russian	540	230	310	0	0	0
Serbian	210	100	115	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	5	20	0	0	0
Slovak	70	30	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	300	115	180	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,125	1,395	1,730	0	0	0
Afrikaans	130	60	70	0	0	0
Danish	235	115	120	0	0	0
Dutch	605	275	330	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	5	0	0	0
German	1,965	870	1,090	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	75	25	50	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	175	95	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5,440	2,665	2,785	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5,205	2,545	2,665	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	125	50	70	0	0	0
Hindi	315	140	175	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,405	2,170	2,230	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	280	145	135	0	0	0
Iranian languages	230	115	115	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	220	105	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,680	825	855	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	425	235	185	0	0	0
Portuguese	230	105	125	0	0	0
Romanian	190	100	90	0	0	0
Spanish	835	380	450	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	285	95	195	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,325	565	760	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10,970	5,065	5,900	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10,945	5,060	5,885	0	0	0
Cantonese	990	460	525	0	0	0
Hakka	25	20	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	9,235	4,265	4,970	0	0	0
Min Dong	10	5	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	370	170	200	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	100	45	50	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	195	90	105	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	10	40	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	50	5	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	55	30	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	415	185	235	0	0	0
Estonian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Finnish	110	50	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	245	110	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,855	860	995	0	0	0
English and French	160	75	90	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,610	755	860	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	25	30	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	102,430	48,630	53,795	270	140	130
Single responses	98,135	46,630	51,510	270	140	130
Official languages	83,245	39,710	43,535	275	140	130
English	82,980	39,595	43,390	270	140	135
French	265	120	145	0	0	0
Non-official languages	14,890	6,920	7,970	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	14,890	6,920	7,970	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	40	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	40	55	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	40	55	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	40	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205	75	130	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	180	65	115	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,445	2,155	2,285	0	0	0
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	680	320	360	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	675	320	360	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Croatian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Czech	45	25	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	50	55	0	0	0
Russian	280	130	150	0	0	0
Serbian	95	50	50	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	20	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Afrikaans	60	25	35	0	0	0
Danish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	40	20	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	180	85	95	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,825	1,380	1,445	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,725	1,330	1,395	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	15	30	0	0	0
Hindi	95	40	50	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,435	1,200	1,240	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	120	60	60	0	0	0
Iranian languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	90	50	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	570	280	285	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Portuguese	70	35	35	0	0	0
Romanian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Spanish	360	180	180	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	50	60	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,005	435	570	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	5	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	8,720	4,025	4,695	0	0	0
Chinese languages	8,710	4,020	4,695	0	0	0
Cantonese	545	250	295	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	7,760	3,575	4,180	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	185	85	100	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	130	60	65	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	30	20	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,290	2,000	2,290	0	0	0
English and French	95	45	55	0	0	0
English and non-official language	4,135	1,930	2,200	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	25	30	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	102,430	48,630	53,795	270	140	130
None	88,080	42,060	46,020	270	140	130
English	6,085	2,885	3,200	0	0	0
French	895	380	515	0	0	0
Non-official language	7,170	3,225	3,945	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,165	3,220	3,940	0	0	0
English and French	25	10	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	85	40	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	80	30	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	86,475	40,580	45,895	235	120	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,000	38,930	44,070	230	115	110
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,439	48,515	31,545	20,203	30,272	17,152
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,115	39,020	44,090	230	120	110
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,067	41,924	28,616	19,648	28,096	16,832
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,330	36,600	40,730	165	95	70
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,989	45,775	27,373	16,384	26,048	10,464
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,740	23,175	33,565	205	105	105
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,764	8,029	6,155	11,904	13,216	10,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,305	29,050	29,255	130	85	50
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,633	42,405	26,242	20,224	30,880	12,256
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	86,500	40,665	45,840	210	120	85
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,200	39,120	44,075	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,463	69,450	43,049	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,280	39,190	44,095	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,629	54,195	36,129	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,630	36,745	40,885	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,653	68,681	40,147	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,845	23,380	33,465	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,904	8,268	7,650	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,475	29,055	29,425	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,740	64,221	37,429	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	86,500	40,660	45,835	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	23,020	13,425	9,595	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	64,304	73,386	54,305	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	80,937	93,613	63,207	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.3	93.0	86.4	70.6	78.2	47.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.7	67.9	57.5	64.2	73.8	39.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.7	7.0	13.6	29.0	21.3	50.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	86,480	40,580	45,895	235	115	120
Without total income	3,480	1,650	1,830	5	0	5
With total income	83,000	38,930	44,070	230	115	110
Percentage with total income	96.0	95.9	96.0	97.9	100.0	91.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,070	4,805	7,270	30	5	25
$10,000 to $19,999	12,140	4,505	7,635	80	30	50
$20,000 to $29,999	10,140	3,855	6,280	40	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	8,460	3,440	5,025	20	10	5
$40,000 to $49,999	7,610	3,325	4,280	15	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	6,330	2,965	3,365	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	5,220	2,650	2,570	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,215	2,320	1,895	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	3,565	1,980	1,585	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,605	1,570	1,035	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	10,645	7,505	3,135	15	15	0
$100,000 to $149,999	6,310	4,200	2,110	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	4,330	3,305	1,030	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	86,475	40,580	45,895	235	120	115
Without after-tax income	3,365	1,560	1,810	5	0	5
With after-tax income	83,110	39,025	44,090	230	120	110
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.2	96.1	97.9	100.0	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,885	5,145	7,735	35	5	30
$10,000 to $19,999	12,865	4,895	7,975	80	30	55
$20,000 to $29,999	11,745	4,550	7,190	50	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	9,910	4,155	5,755	20	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	8,590	3,890	4,695	10	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	6,820	3,485	3,335	15	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	5,255	2,960	2,295	10	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,090	2,330	1,760	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	10,955	7,610	3,345	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,755	1,700	1,055	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,880	1,240	640	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	6,320	4,665	1,660	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	86,480	40,580	45,900	235	115	115
Without employment income	28,170	11,530	16,640	105	35	65
With employment income	58,310	29,055	29,255	130	80	50
Percentage with employment income	67.4	71.6	63.7	55.3	69.6	43.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,290	5,130	6,160	20	10	10
$5,000 to $9,999	4,315	1,805	2,510	20	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	6,855	2,910	3,945	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	5,335	2,280	3,050	15	10	5
$30,000 to $39,999	4,680	1,885	2,790	10	5	0
$40,000 to $49,999	4,350	1,855	2,495	5	0	0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,620	1,675	1,940	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	3,200	1,675	1,525	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,850	1,595	1,255	5	5	5
$80,000 and over	11,825	8,235	3,585	20	20	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,500	1,400	1,100	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,850	1,165	680	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	7,475	5,665	1,805	15	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	41,915	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,430	...	...	46,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,392	...	...	45,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,700	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,960	...	...	20,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,203	...	...	19,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	30,215	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,849	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,966	...	...	54,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	41,920	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	110,072	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	88,662	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,715	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	53,037	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,359	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	30,210	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	132,184	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	106,226	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	41,915	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	810	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	480	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	865	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,355	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,665	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,375	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,550	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,550	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,560	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,490	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,880	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,765	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,520	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,280	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,065	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	16,715	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,290	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,225	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,085	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	5,110	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	41,915	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	945	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	490	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	895	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,415	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,870	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,725	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,850	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,890	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,850	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,760	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,340	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,120	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,835	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,495	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,150	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,285	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,360	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,950	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,975	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	29,580	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,391	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,631	...	...	54,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	12,665	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,152	...	...	44,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,020	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,550	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,324	...	...	92,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,930	...	...	80,384	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,690	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,332	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,459	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	29,605	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	131,417	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,465	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	12,575	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	122,419	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	99,080	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,630	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	159,566	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,065	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,680	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,022	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,781	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,365	5,560	8,810	35	15	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,474	40,932	36,976	20,032	0	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,015	36,150	33,033	19,648	0	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	14,330	5,580	8,750	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	50,517	56,564	46,662	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,496	45,037	39,239	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	101,145	48,115	53,035	275	140	130
In the bottom half of the distribution	40,295	18,200	22,090	180	90	85
In the bottom decile	10,000	4,600	5,395	30	15	10
In the second decile	8,120	3,435	4,685	70	30	40
In the third decile	6,945	3,155	3,800	30	20	10
In the fourth decile	7,430	3,405	4,020	25	15	10
In the fifth decile	7,800	3,610	4,190	25	15	10
In the top half of the distribution	60,850	29,910	30,940	95	50	45
In the sixth decile	8,530	4,010	4,520	25	10	15
In the seventh decile	9,635	4,580	5,055	25	15	10
In the eighth decile	11,070	5,435	5,635	15	10	5
In the ninth decile	12,850	6,405	6,450	20	10	10
In the top decile	18,765	9,480	9,285	15	10	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	101,025	48,050	52,975	270	140	135
0 to 17 years	18,355	9,375	8,980	40	20	15
0 to 5 years	5,200	2,700	2,500	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	59,330	27,945	31,385	160	85	75
65 years and over	23,340	10,730	12,610	70	30	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,910	6,200	7,710	75	35	35
0 to 17 years	3,355	1,700	1,655	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	860	440	415	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	8,215	3,635	4,580	40	20	15
65 years and over	2,335	860	1,475	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.8	12.9	14.6	27.8	25.0	25.9
0 to 17 years (%)	18.3	18.1	18.4	37.5	50.0	33.3
0 to 5 years (%)	16.5	16.3	16.6	20.0	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.8	13.0	14.6	25.0	23.5	20.0
65 years and over (%)	10.0	8.0	11.7	35.7	33.3	42.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,315	3,855	4,465	10	5	5
0 to 17 years	2,145	1,095	1,045	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	530	280	250	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	5,520	2,495	3,020	10	5	5
65 years and over	655	260	400	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.2	8.0	8.4	3.7	3.6	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	11.7	11.7	11.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.2	10.4	10.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	8.9	9.6	6.3	5.9	6.7
65 years and over (%)	2.8	2.4	3.2	0.0	0.0	14.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	101,105	48,120	52,985	245	150	100
Official languages	98,210	46,880	51,330	245	145	95
English	98,195	46,875	51,315	245	150	95
French	7,830	3,355	4,480	0	0	0
Non-official languages	32,750	14,990	17,755	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	32,720	14,980	17,735	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	450	240	205	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	450	245	210	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	380	205	175	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	55	30	20	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	55	70	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	50	65	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,125	305	820	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	0	35	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	85	35	50	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,020	265	755	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	50	25	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	110	50	50	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	60	35	25	0	0	0
Tamil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	16,770	7,810	8,960	0	0	0
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,420	1,065	1,355	0	0	0
Baltic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,400	1,055	1,340	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Croatian	295	125	170	0	0	0
Czech	220	90	135	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	465	195	270	0	0	0
Russian	765	360	405	0	0	0
Serbian	225	110	115	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	165	65	105	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	355	145	215	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	10	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	20	0	20	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,955	1,775	2,175	0	0	0
Afrikaans	300	140	165	0	0	0
Danish	210	85	130	0	0	0
Dutch	665	315	350	0	0	0
Frisian	15	0	10	0	0	0
German	2,625	1,190	1,440	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Swedish	155	65	90	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	245	140	110	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,980	3,410	3,575	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	6,760	3,290	3,470	0	0	0
Bengali	15	0	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	260	110	150	0	0	0
Hindi	1,340	630	710	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	30	25	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,700	2,795	2,900	0	0	0
Sindhi	90	30	60	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	560	285	270	0	0	0
Iranian languages	225	115	105	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	210	110	105	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,530	1,615	1,920	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	735	400	335	0	0	0
Portuguese	315	145	170	0	0	0
Romanian	240	115	125	0	0	0
Spanish	2,380	1,015	1,365	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	570	260	310	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,405	630	780	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	110	65	45	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	40	25	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	100	35	65	0	0	0
American Sign Language	85	30	50	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	11,935	5,555	6,375	0	0	0
Chinese languages	11,905	5,545	6,360	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,320	605	715	0	0	0
Hakka	50	25	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	10,940	5,075	5,860	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	440	200	245	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	60	25	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	20	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	580	220	360	0	0	0
Estonian	100	30	65	0	0	0
Finnish	170	75	90	0	0	0
Hungarian	315	115	200	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	101,105	48,120	52,985	245	145	95
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	91,640	43,920	47,720	240	150	95
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,320	8,445	7,875	30	20	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	75,320	35,470	39,845	210	120	85
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	9,470	4,205	5,265	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	101,110	48,120	52,985	240	150	95
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	69,140	33,505	35,635	245	145	95
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	30,555	14,045	16,510	0	0	0
Before 1981	10,630	4,965	5,665	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	2,895	1,305	1,590	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	5,100	2,325	2,775	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	7,415	3,395	4,025	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	3,465	1,595	1,865	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	3,955	1,790	2,165	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	4,510	2,065	2,450	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,410	575	840	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	30,555	14,045	16,505	0	0	0
Under 5 years	3,030	1,505	1,530	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	5,440	2,670	2,770	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	6,255	2,705	3,550	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	13,025	5,760	7,265	0	0	0
45 years and over	2,805	1,405	1,395	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	30,555	14,045	16,510	0	0	0
Americas	2,610	1,075	1,535	0	0	0
Brazil	70	30	45	0	0	0
Colombia	40	0	40	0	0	0
El Salvador	30	15	10	0	0	0
Guyana	20	15	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	110	50	55	0	0	0
Mexico	230	85	150	0	0	0
Peru	75	35	40	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	60	30	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,635	655	980	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	325	160	165	0	0	0
Europe	10,225	4,855	5,370	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	105	45	55	0	0	0
Croatia	160	65	95	0	0	0
France	95	50	45	0	0	0
Germany	1,120	475	645	0	0	0
Greece	120	70	50	0	0	0
Hungary	210	90	120	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	215	105	105	0	0	0
Italy	275	165	105	0	0	0
Netherlands	505	250	255	0	0	0
Poland	380	140	240	0	0	0
Portugal	90	45	40	0	0	0
Romania	205	90	115	0	0	0
Russian Federation	265	115	150	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	90	40	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	220	100	115	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	4,940	2,485	2,455	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,250	520	735	0	0	0
Africa	1,100	565	535	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	45	20	30	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	115	55	60	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	20	20	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	540	290	255	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	330	175	160	0	0	0
Asia	16,190	7,370	8,825	0	0	0
Afghanistan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	7,205	3,325	3,880	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	445	200	245	0	0	0
India	3,105	1,540	1,560	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	150	95	55	0	0	0
Iraq	75	35	40	0	0	0
Japan	165	30	140	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	1,105	490	615	0	0	0
Lebanon	100	45	55	0	0	0
Pakistan	375	185	190	0	0	0
Philippines	970	270	705	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	15	25	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	1,600	715	885	0	0	0
Viet Nam	130	55	75	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	635	335	305	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	430	185	245	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,515	2,060	2,450	0	0	0
Americas	250	100	145	0	0	0
Brazil	40	10	25	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	40	15	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	125	55	70	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	15	0	0	0
Europe	335	170	165	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	20	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	175	105	70	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	20	40	0	0	0
Africa	140	85	55	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	90	60	30	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	15	0	0	0
Asia	3,765	1,685	2,075	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	2,700	1,265	1,435	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	40	15	25	0	0	0
India	220	110	110	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	25	10	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	230	100	130	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	75	35	35	0	0	0
Philippines	260	65	190	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	100	25	75	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	30	20	0	0	0	0
Australia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	101,105	48,120	52,985	240	145	95
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	32,825	15,085	17,740	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	25,365	12,195	13,170	10	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	42,915	20,840	22,075	235	145	95
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	20,365	9,270	11,095	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	14,025	6,640	7,385	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	5,080	3,270	1,805	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	8,950	3,370	5,575	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	5,450	2,165	3,285	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	780	430	355	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	100	35	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	101,105	48,120	52,985	245	145	95
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,250	910	1,340	20	15	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,190	895	1,295	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,050	400	650	15	15	0
Métis	1,125	495	630	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	98,860	47,210	51,645	225	130	95
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	101,105	48,125	52,985	245	150	95
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	550	175	375	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	100,555	47,945	52,610	235	140	95
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	101,110	48,120	52,985	245	145	95
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	265	90	175	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	250	80	165	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	185	65	125	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	55	15	40	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,695	1,135	1,565	30	25	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,625	1,100	1,525	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,520	590	925	30	20	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,095	500	595	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	35	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	35	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	98,140	46,895	51,245	205	120	90
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	101,105	48,125	52,985	245	150	95
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	28,220	13,200	15,015	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	8,640	4,270	4,370	0	0	0
Chinese	12,925	6,065	6,855	0	0	0
Black	685	365	320	0	0	0
Filipino	1,340	410	935	0	0	0
Latin American	680	295	385	0	0	0
Arab	320	165	160	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	405	165	240	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	200	100	100	0	0	0
Korean	1,495	675	820	0	0	0
Japanese	655	290	365	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	245	120	125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	625	275	345	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	72,890	34,920	37,965	240	150	95
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	101,110	48,125	52,985	245	145	95
North American Aboriginal origins	2,965	1,225	1,735	35	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,795	695	1,095	30	30	10
Inuit	20	10	10	0	0	0
Métis	1,235	560	675	0	0	0
Other North American origins	19,005	9,060	9,945	200	120	75
Acadian	55	30	25	0	0	0
American	1,825	850	975	0	0	0
Canadian	17,805	8,520	9,280	200	125	75
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	69,005	33,010	35,995	50	30	20
British Isles origins	47,735	23,075	24,665	50	30	20
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	30,515	14,410	16,105	45	30	20
Irish	15,925	7,630	8,295	0	0	0
Manx	35	20	20	0	0	0
Scottish	20,115	9,985	10,135	20	10	10
Welsh	2,550	1,230	1,320	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,225	1,620	1,605	0	0	0
French origins	8,070	3,785	4,285	0	0	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,070	3,790	4,280	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	18,790	8,975	9,815	0	0	0
Austrian	1,290	640	650	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	510	255	260	0	0	0
Dutch	4,360	2,120	2,240	0	0	0
Flemish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	50	20	35	0	0	0
German	13,535	6,385	7,150	0	0	0
Luxembourger	30	15	15	0	0	0
Swiss	735	360	380	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	40	25	20	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	8,205	3,890	4,310	0	0	0
Danish	1,405	635	770	0	0	0
Finnish	800	380	415	0	0	0
Icelandic	855	440	415	0	0	0
Norwegian	3,245	1,560	1,680	0	0	0
Swedish	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	295	150	150	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	14,050	6,660	7,395	0	0	0
Bulgarian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Byelorussian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Czech	570	230	340	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	240	145	95	0	0	0
Estonian	225	85	140	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,350	545	805	0	0	0
Latvian	100	45	60	0	0	0
Lithuanian	150	50	105	0	0	0
Moldovan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Polish	3,745	1,735	2,010	0	0	0
Romanian	880	430	450	0	0	0
Russian	2,580	1,195	1,380	0	0	0
Slovak	415	175	235	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,990	2,950	3,035	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	90	50	45	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,945	3,380	3,560	0	0	0
Albanian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	115	45	70	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	530	275	255	0	0	0
Cypriot	40	30	10	0	0	0
Greek	710	360	350	0	0	0
Italian	3,430	1,730	1,700	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	95	55	35	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	740	380	365	0	0	0
Serbian	300	145	150	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	110	65	40	0	0	0
Spanish	1,125	395	730	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	155	70	80	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	635	320	315	0	0	0
Basque	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	335	175	155	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	260	130	130	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	625	290	335	0	0	0
Antiguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	20	30	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaican	305	130	170	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	30	0	30	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	90	50	45	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	45	35	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,240	565	680	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	90	45	40	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Chilean	85	45	40	0	0	0
Colombian	60	15	45	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	20	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	65	25	40	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mexican	625	285	340	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	25	20	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	0	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	40	15	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	30	20	15	0	0	0
African origins	1,150	620	530	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	90	45	45	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	140	90	55	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	90	60	30	0	0	0
Libyan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	615	335	285	0	0	0
Afrikaner	20	20	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
South African	445	245	200	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	75	20	60	0	0	0
Other African origins	320	165	155	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	270	130	130	0	0	0
Asian origins	27,515	12,895	14,620	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,255	640	610	0	0	0
Afghan	70	25	45	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	140	70	70	0	0	0
Armenian	70	25	40	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	315	180	135	0	0	0
Iraqi	90	45	45	0	0	0
Israeli	30	15	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	20	20	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	355	185	170	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	15	15	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	35	25	10	0	0	0
Turk	85	55	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	30	20	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	8,755	4,345	4,415	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	7,295	3,585	3,715	0	0	0
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	440	220	215	0	0	0
Punjabi	1,100	570	530	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	55	35	25	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	185	70	110	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	17,650	7,975	9,680	0	0	0
Burmese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	12,930	6,070	6,870	10	0	0
Filipino	1,530	500	1,030	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	155	75	70	0	0	0
Japanese	885	405	480	0	0	0
Karen	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	1,525	685	840	0	0	0
Laotian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	120	50	65	0	0	0
Mongolian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	785	335	460	0	0	0
Thai	55	15	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	165	75	85	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	40	10	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	690	280	410	0	0	0
Australian	300	125	180	0	0	0
New Zealander	145	60	85	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	255	100	155	0	0	0
Fijian	90	35	50	0	0	0
Hawaiian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Maori	70	30	45	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	41,925	...	...	105	...	...
Owner	33,285	...	...	90	...	...
Renter	8,630	...	...	20	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	41,925	...	...	110	...	...
Condominium	12,210	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	29,715	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	41,920	...	...	110	...	...
No bedrooms	90	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,540	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,030	...	...	20	...	...
3 bedrooms	11,935	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	13,320	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	41,925	...	...	105	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,585	...	...	10	...	...
5 rooms	6,290	...	...	0	...	...
6 rooms	5,790	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	4,740	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,515	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	41,920	...	...	110	...	...
One person or fewer per room	41,505	...	...	110	...	...
More than 1 person per room	415	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	41,920	...	...	110	...	...
Suitable	40,945	...	...	110	...	...
Not suitable	975	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	41,925	...	...	110	...	...
1960 or before	2,470	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,900	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	9,280	...	...	40	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,175	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,610	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	5,065	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	5,425	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	41,920	...	...	105	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	40,300	...	...	100	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,620	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	41,920	...	...	105	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,585	...	...	80	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,345	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	990	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	41,920	...	...	110	...	...
15 to 24 years	360	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,030	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,020	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,480	...	...	35	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,390	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,240	...	...	10	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,525	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	1,875	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	41,565	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	30,250	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,315	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,690	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	33,080	...	...	90	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.2	...	...	27.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	22.7	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,154	...	...	404	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,606	...	...	585	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	898,741	...	...	109,605	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,048,439	...	...	135,930	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,590	...	...	15	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.8	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,202	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,376	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	86,500	40,660	45,840	210	120	90
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,440	4,620	4,825	110	55	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	24,785	11,270	13,515	40	25	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	52,275	24,775	27,500	60	40	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,540	4,655	1,885	25	15	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,715	1,475	1,235	20	20	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,820	3,180	640	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,675	6,360	10,315	30	15	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,615	1,535	2,085	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	25,445	12,225	13,220	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	15,700	7,405	8,290	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,240	875	1,365	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,150	665	480	0	0	0
Master's degree	5,575	2,760	2,805	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	780	510	270	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	52,150	24,325	27,825	155	95	65
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,530	1,405	1,125	65	35	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,590	5,895	6,700	35	25	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,030	17,030	20,005	50	25	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,765	2,745	1,025	15	15	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,575	895	680	15	15	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,195	1,850	345	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,470	4,365	7,105	25	10	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,500	1,080	1,420	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,290	8,840	10,450	10	10	10
Bachelor's degree	11,850	5,375	6,470	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,585	555	1,035	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	915	490	425	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,415	2,090	2,325	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	530	335	195	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	86,500	40,665	45,840	210	120	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,225	15,885	18,340	150	85	65
Education	4,545	1,080	3,465	0	0	0
13. Education	4,540	1,075	3,465	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,085	870	1,215	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	380	285	95	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,705	585	1,120	0	0	0
Humanities	3,230	1,225	2,005	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	460	115	350	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	875	260	610	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,015	330	690	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	15	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	125	60	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	260	155	100	0	0	0
54. History	405	275	125	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	65	10	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,220	2,350	3,870	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	20	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	575	210	365	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	750	40	710	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,050	405	645	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	85	20	60	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,280	335	950	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,415	1,315	1,105	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	12,295	5,660	6,630	10	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	400	110	295	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,875	5,545	6,330	10	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,070	1,130	940	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	795	355	435	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	550	305	240	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	615	435	180	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	35	65	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,670	975	695	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,255	795	455	10	0	10
25. Library science	115	0	115	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	280	170	115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,030	8,135	900	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	380	240	145	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,780	2,335	445	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,650	1,480	175	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,870	1,840	30	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,525	1,460	65	10	0	0
48. Precision production	820	775	45	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	790	480	305	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	515	265	245	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	275	215	60	0	0	0
Health and related fields	7,950	1,685	6,270	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	640	260	380	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,010	1,250	5,760	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	300	175	125	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,400	1,200	1,200	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,450	385	1,060	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	365	280	80	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	580	525	50	10	10	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	52,150	24,320	27,830	155	95	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,115	7,295	7,820	105	65	40
Education	2,795	590	2,205	0	0	0
13. Education	2,795	590	2,205	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,540	635	905	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	240	175	70	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,295	460	840	0	0	0
Humanities	2,210	775	1,440	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	340	80	260	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	550	145	410	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	730	210	520	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	50	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	160	85	75	0	0	0
54. History	270	190	80	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	45	0	40	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,760	1,635	3,120	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	20	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	470	165	310	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	575	30	540	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	785	250	535	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	15	50	0	0	0
42. Psychology	915	195	715	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,890	955	935	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	9,170	4,260	4,915	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	260	80	185	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,905	4,175	4,725	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,405	715	695	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	585	265	315	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	395	190	205	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	365	240	125	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	10	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,370	810	560	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,085	705	385	0	0	0
25. Library science	65	0	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	195	100	95	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,010	5,235	775	25	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	300	165	125	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,090	1,680	410	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,000	855	145	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,265	1,240	25	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	905	875	30	10	10	0
48. Precision production	445	410	40	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	530	310	220	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	335	170	170	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	190	145	50	10	10	0
Health and related fields	5,615	1,255	4,355	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	500	205	295	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,850	905	3,945	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	260	140	115	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,630	805	820	0	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	955	255	700	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	275	210	70	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	385	330	55	10	10	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	86,500	40,660	45,840	210	125	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,225	15,885	18,340	155	85	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	52,275	24,775	27,500	60	45	20
Location of study inside Canada	37,965	17,870	20,090	60	40	20
Same as province or territory of residence	28,080	13,035	15,045	40	25	10
Different than province or territory of residence	9,880	4,835	5,045	20	15	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	14,310	6,900	7,410	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,590	1,255	1,335	0	0	0
Philippines	575	155	420	0	0	0
India	900	445	455	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	2,035	1,165	870	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	3,545	1,650	1,895	0	0	0
France	40	30	15	0	0	0
Other	4,630	2,205	2,420	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	52,150	24,320	27,825	155	90	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,120	7,295	7,820	105	65	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	37,030	17,025	20,005	50	30	20
Location of study inside Canada	26,745	12,270	14,475	45	30	20
Same as province or territory of residence	20,710	9,420	11,290	35	15	15
Different than province or territory of residence	6,030	2,845	3,190	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10,285	4,760	5,525	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,650	770	875	0	0	0
Philippines	460	115	350	0	0	0
India	715	345	375	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	910	520	390	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	3,320	1,540	1,780	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	3,215	1,465	1,750	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	86,500	40,660	45,840	210	125	90
In the labour force	50,390	25,885	24,510	85	70	20
Employed	47,810	24,715	23,100	65	50	15
Unemployed	2,580	1,165	1,410	25	15	10
Not in the labour force	36,105	14,780	21,330	130	55	65
Participation rate	58.3	63.7	53.5	40.5	56.0	22.2
Employment rate	55.3	60.8	50.4	31.0	40.0	16.7
Unemployment rate	5.1	4.5	5.8	29.4	21.4	50.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	86,500	40,660	45,840	210	125	90
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	32,790	13,240	19,550	120	50	65
Worked	53,710	27,425	26,290	95	70	20
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	24,145	14,200	9,945	10	10	0
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,565	13,220	16,345	80	65	20
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	42.8	40.7	28.7	31.3	19.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	50,390	25,885	24,505	85	65	20
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	765	330	435	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	49,630	25,550	24,075	85	65	20
Employee	39,925	19,835	20,090	85	60	25
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	9,700	5,715	3,985	10	10	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	50,395	25,885	24,510	85	65	20
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	765	330	435	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	49,625	25,555	24,070	85	65	20
0 Management occupations	8,305	5,470	2,835	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,565	2,640	5,930	10	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,235	2,635	605	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,555	950	2,600	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,200	2,145	4,050	10	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,085	915	1,165	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	10,950	4,735	6,215	0	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,270	4,875	390	35	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	670	525	145	25	20	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	790	660	135	10	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	50,390	25,880	24,505	85	65	20
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	765	330	435	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	49,630	25,555	24,075	85	65	20
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	515	310	200	25	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	200	155	45	0	10	0
22 Utilities	320	230	90	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,020	3,400	615	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	2,765	2,005	760	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,540	1,660	885	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,250	2,515	2,735	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,010	2,125	885	0	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	1,250	795	465	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,515	1,245	1,270	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,705	980	720	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,910	2,650	2,260	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	155	60	95	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,915	1,070	845	0	0	0
61 Educational services	4,090	1,205	2,885	10	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,505	1,220	4,285	0	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,250	620	630	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,090	1,220	1,865	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,195	790	1,405	10	0	0
91 Public administration	2,430	1,305	1,130	10	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	47,810	24,715	23,095	65	50	15
Worked at home	6,490	3,175	3,315	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	785	545	230	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,335	4,490	1,840	20	20	0
Worked at usual place	34,205	16,500	17,710	45	25	15
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	34,205	16,500	17,705	45	25	20
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	14,045	5,980	8,060	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	19,205	9,985	9,215	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	770	410	360	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	185	120	70	0	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	40,545	20,990	19,555	60	40	15
Car, truck, van - as a driver	32,930	17,725	15,205	40	30	10
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,835	650	1,185	10	10	10
Public transit	3,070	1,395	1,670	0	0	0
Walked	1,980	795	1,185	0	0	0
Bicycle	225	155	65	0	0	0
Other method	510	275	235	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	40,540	20,995	19,555	60	45	15
Less than 15 minutes	9,645	3,750	5,900	10	10	0
15 to 29 minutes	10,320	5,105	5,210	30	25	10
30 to 44 minutes	10,125	6,050	4,070	10	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	4,945	2,940	2,000	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	5,505	3,145	2,360	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	40,540	20,990	19,550	60	40	20
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,850	2,065	785	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,135	4,535	2,595	10	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,225	5,125	5,100	20	15	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,525	3,895	4,630	0	10	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,650	2,840	3,805	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,160	2,530	2,635	10	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	55,450	28,220	27,235	100	80	20
Single responses	54,525	27,740	26,785	100	80	20
Official languages	52,655	26,715	25,940	100	80	20
English	52,550	26,700	25,845	100	80	20
French	105	10	95	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,875	1,030	845	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,870	1,030	845	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	250	160	90	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	205	135	70	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	205	135	70	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	205	135	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	50	70	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,440	800	640	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,440	805	640	0	0	0
Cantonese	80	40	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,300	725	580	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	30	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	925	475	450	0	0	0
English and French	105	55	55	0	0	0
English and non-official language	820	420	400	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	55,455	28,215	27,240	100	80	20
None	51,635	26,275	25,360	100	80	20
English	925	455	470	0	0	0
French	420	185	235	0	0	0
Non-official language	2,435	1,295	1,140	0	0	10
Aboriginal	10	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,420	1,290	1,135	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	100,265	47,690	52,575	230	140	95
Non-movers	84,410	40,000	44,405	210	120	85
Movers	15,860	7,695	8,170	25	15	0
Non-migrants	8,140	3,965	4,170	0	0	0
Migrants	7,720	3,725	3,995	25	20	0
Internal migrants	6,035	2,905	3,125	25	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	4,930	2,355	2,580	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,100	550	550	20	15	0
External migrants	1,685	820	870	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	96,830	45,960	50,865	215	125	95
Non-movers	52,575	24,925	27,655	170	100	65
Movers	44,250	21,040	23,215	50	25	25
Non-migrants	21,395	10,215	11,180	10	10	0
Migrants	22,860	10,825	12,035	40	20	15
Internal migrants	16,790	8,100	8,685	45	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	13,705	6,605	7,100	25	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	3,085	1,495	1,590	15	10	10
External migrants	6,070	2,725	3,345	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Cottlesville, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 29, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador