Census Profile, 2016 Census
Salmo, Village [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Peace River--Westlock [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Salmo, VL British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Peace River--Westlock Alberta [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Salmo, Village [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Salmo, Village [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Peace River--Westlock [Federal electoral district], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,141	...	...	109,965	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,139	...	...	108,095	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.2	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	572	...	...	45,145	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	547	...	...	39,070	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	467.0	...	...	1.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2.44	...	...	107,085.59	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,140	560	580	109,960	55,920	54,040
0 to 14 years	170	85	80	25,650	13,075	12,580
0 to 4 years	40	15	15	8,680	4,390	4,295
5 to 9 years	75	35	35	8,750	4,460	4,290
10 to 14 years	60	35	35	8,220	4,230	3,990
15 to 64 years	675	330	340	70,375	36,080	34,295
15 to 19 years	55	30	30	7,980	4,185	3,800
20 to 24 years	45	25	20	6,910	3,665	3,250
25 to 29 years	40	20	15	7,305	3,690	3,615
30 to 34 years	60	25	35	7,155	3,630	3,525
35 to 39 years	70	30	40	6,910	3,495	3,415
40 to 44 years	60	30	30	6,740	3,390	3,345
45 to 49 years	60	35	20	6,720	3,485	3,230
50 to 54 years	80	40	40	7,400	3,750	3,660
55 to 59 years	110	50	60	7,145	3,605	3,540
60 to 64 years	95	50	45	6,110	3,200	2,915
65 years and over	300	140	160	13,935	6,760	7,175
65 to 69 years	115	50	60	4,655	2,305	2,345
70 to 74 years	70	35	35	3,430	1,700	1,730
75 to 79 years	50	20	25	2,485	1,265	1,220
80 to 84 years	35	15	20	1,765	860	900
85 years and over	30	15	20	1,600	625	975
85 to 89 years	15	10	10	1,010	440	570
90 to 94 years	10	5	5	455	150	305
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	120	30	85
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	15.2	13.8	23.3	23.4	23.3
15 to 64 years	59.2	58.9	58.6	64.0	64.5	63.5
65 years and over	26.3	25.0	27.6	12.7	12.1	13.3
85 years and over	2.6	2.7	3.4	1.5	1.1	1.8
Average age of the population	46.5	45.8	47.1	36.4	36.1	36.8
Median age of the population	50.6	49.8	51.6	35.0	34.6	35.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	550	...	...	39,070	...	...
Single-detached house	410	...	...	28,075	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	15	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	90	...	...	5,365	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	1,120	...	...
Row house	20	...	...	1,060	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	465	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	35	...	...	2,665	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	55	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	50	...	...	5,620	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	545	...	...	39,070	...	...
1 person	205	...	...	8,985	...	...
2 persons	215	...	...	13,785	...	...
3 persons	50	...	...	5,620	...	...
4 persons	60	...	...	5,330	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	5,350	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,130	...	...	106,925	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	970	470	500	84,310	42,840	41,465
Married or living common law	550	270	275	51,770	26,030	25,735
Married	435	215	215	41,290	20,805	20,485
Living common law	115	55	55	10,480	5,230	5,250
Not married and not living common law	420	200	225	32,540	16,810	15,725
Never married	205	120	90	22,325	12,865	9,460
Separated	45	20	25	1,985	970	1,020
Divorced	85	40	45	4,010	1,960	2,045
Widowed	90	20	65	4,215	1,015	3,200
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	330	...	...	29,675	...	...
2 persons	205	...	...	14,595	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	5,665	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	5,045	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	4,375	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	330	...	...	29,670	...	...
Total couple families	270	...	...	25,060	...	...
Married couples	215	...	...	19,820	...	...
Common-law couples	60	...	...	5,240	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	55	...	...	4,615	...	...
Female parent	45	...	...	3,375	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	1,235	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	265	...	...	25,060	...	...
Couples without children	175	...	...	12,055	...	...
Couples with children	95	...	...	13,005	...	...
1 child	40	...	...	4,410	...	...
2 children	40	...	...	4,540	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	4,045	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	4,615	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	2,535	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	1,250	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	830	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	270	140	130	15,235	8,490	6,740
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	550	...	...	39,070	...	...
One-census-family households	310	...	...	27,635	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	170	...	...	11,460	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	140	...	...	16,175	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	965	...	...
Non-census-family households	230	...	...	10,470	...	...
One-person households	200	...	...	8,990	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	25	...	...	1,480	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,140	560	580	108,705	55,305	53,405
English only	1,090	540	555	101,025	51,470	49,555
French only	0	0	0	115	50	70
English and French	45	15	25	6,400	3,195	3,205
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	1,170	595	575
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,145	555	580	108,705	55,305	53,400
English	1,120	545	575	104,050	52,805	51,250
French	15	10	10	3,425	1,870	1,555
English and French	0	0	0	105	50	60
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,130	585	545
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	15	10	5	3,470	1,890	1,585
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.8	0.9	3.2	3.4	3.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,140	555	585	108,710	55,305	53,400
Single responses	1,130	550	580	106,830	54,410	52,425
Official languages	1,075	535	540	85,740	43,835	41,910
English	1,055	520	535	82,070	41,830	40,240
French	20	10	10	3,675	2,005	1,670
Non-official languages	55	20	35	21,090	10,580	10,515
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	5,825	2,870	2,955
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5,755	2,840	2,920
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	5,745	2,835	2,910
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	5	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	50	15	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	615	310	305
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	5,075	2,505	2,565
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	25	15	15
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	20	35	15,265	7,710	7,555
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	200	115	85
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	190	105	80
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	170	95	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	25	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,745	795	945
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	50	15	35
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	60	20	35
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,590	740	855
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	165	100	65
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	105	60	40
Tamil	0	0	0	35	25	15
Telugu	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	15	30	12,515	6,400	6,110
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	820	395	420
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	810	390	420
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	5	0	0	15	10	5
Czech	5	0	0	25	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	160	75	90
Russian	10	5	5	85	40	50
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	45	20	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	460	215	240
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	10,915	5,575	5,340
Afrikaans	0	0	0	80	40	40
Danish	5	0	5	30	20	15
Dutch	0	0	0	670	335	330
Frisian	0	0	0	30	20	15
German	15	5	10	10,030	5,130	4,900
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Swedish	0	0	0	30	20	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	340	200	140
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	5	330	190	135
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	35	20
Hindi	5	0	5	45	25	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	5	85	50	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	100	50	50
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	400	210	195
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	30	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Romanian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Spanish	0	0	0	305	160	145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	175	90	90
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	10	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	210	95	115
Chinese languages	0	0	5	205	90	110
Cantonese	0	0	5	90	40	45
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	50	20	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	60	25	35
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	15	5	5	1,880	900	980
English and French	5	0	5	235	100	135
English and non-official language	5	5	5	1,610	785	825
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,140	560	585	108,710	55,305	53,405
Single responses	1,125	555	570	105,620	53,810	51,810
Official languages	1,120	550	570	92,630	47,210	45,415
English	1,115	550	565	91,325	46,560	44,760
French	5	5	5	1,305	645	655
Non-official languages	5	5	5	12,990	6,600	6,390
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,495	1,750	1,740
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,485	1,745	1,735
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	3,485	1,750	1,735
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	20	10	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	555	280	270
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,910	1,455	1,455
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	9,495	4,850	4,650
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	100	55	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	95	55	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	90	50	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	900	450	455
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	875	440	435
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	90	50	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	25	25
Tamil	0	0	0	30	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	5	8,050	4,125	3,925
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	110	60	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	105	60	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	7,575	3,870	3,710
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	25	30
Danish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	180	85	90
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	0	0	0	7,285	3,730	3,560
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	165	90	75
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	160	90	70
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	50	20	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	195	105	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Spanish	0	0	0	160	85	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	115	55	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	5	25	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	120	60	60
Chinese languages	0	0	0	115	65	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	35	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	5	15	3,090	1,495	1,590
English and French	5	0	0	185	100	85
English and non-official language	15	5	10	2,880	1,385	1,490
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,145	560	585	108,710	55,310	53,405
None	1,105	545	565	93,935	47,950	45,985
English	5	0	5	6,995	3,520	3,475
French	10	5	5	1,550	775	770
Non-official language	20	10	10	6,160	3,025	3,135
Aboriginal	0	0	0	2,660	1,285	1,380
Non-Aboriginal	20	5	10	3,500	1,740	1,760
English and French	0	0	0	0	5	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	15	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	960	465	495	81,620	41,555	40,070
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	925	450	470	77,240	39,455	37,785
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,707	35,584	20,544	36,931	51,032	27,728
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	920	450	470	77,255	39,455	37,795
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,048	31,552	20,160	33,863	44,862	26,137
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	760	380	385	69,200	36,865	32,335
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,536	34,816	15,728	37,536	52,054	26,967
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	755	350	405	46,535	18,720	27,815
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,624	11,104	9,968	5,931	6,013	5,901
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	585	310	280	61,570	33,495	28,080
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,304	37,888	18,667	37,036	51,235	27,229
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	990	495	495	81,465	41,445	40,020
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	965	490	470	77,020	39,260	37,765
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,306	43,601	24,501	50,937	63,734	37,635
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	960	495	470	77,035	39,260	37,775
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,011	37,344	22,276	42,504	51,914	32,724
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	805	455	350	68,985	36,645	32,335
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,589	37,627	21,490	51,313	63,954	36,988
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	790	385	400	46,465	18,735	27,725
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,789	11,712	9,896	8,252	8,445	8,121
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	580	355	220	61,315	33,195	28,120
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,735	39,760	24,038	48,913	60,669	35,035
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	990	495	495	81,465	41,445	40,020
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	230	155	75	26,975	16,240	10,730
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,341	62,986	37,594	58,551	69,567	46,675
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,371	62,386	40,854	67,474	77,537	52,239
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	75.6	80.3	68.9	90.2	93.8	83.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.2	67.7	54.6	76.6	80.6	69.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	23.9	19.3	31.4	9.8	6.2	16.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	955	465	495	81,625	41,555	40,070
Without total income	40	15	25	4,380	2,100	2,285
With total income	920	450	470	77,235	39,455	37,780
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.8	94.9	94.6	94.9	94.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	115	45	70	11,420	4,345	7,070
$10,000 to $19,999	250	90	160	10,970	4,210	6,770
$20,000 to $29,999	175	80	100	10,465	4,185	6,285
$30,000 to $39,999	100	40	60	8,025	3,360	4,665
$40,000 to $49,999	70	35	35	6,815	3,250	3,565
$50,000 to $59,999	65	40	20	5,675	3,025	2,650
$60,000 to $69,999	40	35	10	4,820	2,890	1,920
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	5	4,030	2,760	1,270
$80,000 to $89,999	30	25	5	3,255	2,290	965
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	0	2,760	1,895	870
$100,000 and over	30	25	10	9,010	7,250	1,760
$100,000 to $149,999	25	25	5	6,395	5,035	1,365
$150,000 and over	5	5	5	2,615	2,215	400
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	960	465	495	81,620	41,555	40,065
Without after-tax income	35	15	25	4,365	2,095	2,270
With after-tax income	920	450	470	77,255	39,460	37,795
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	96.8	94.9	94.7	95.0	94.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	120	45	75	11,615	4,420	7,200
$10,000 to $19,999	255	100	160	11,390	4,375	7,015
$20,000 to $29,999	190	75	115	11,885	4,755	7,130
$30,000 to $39,999	105	45	60	9,330	4,110	5,220
$40,000 to $49,999	95	55	40	8,045	4,185	3,855
$50,000 to $59,999	60	50	10	6,590	3,955	2,630
$60,000 to $69,999	40	30	5	5,165	3,560	1,605
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	5	3,990	2,810	1,175
$80,000 and over	30	30	10	9,245	7,285	1,960
$80,000 to $89,999	10	15	5	2,925	2,120	805
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	1,925	1,500	430
$100,000 and over	15	5	5	4,395	3,670	725
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	960	465	495	81,620	41,555	40,065
Without employment income	370	150	215	20,045	8,060	11,985
With employment income	590	315	275	61,575	33,490	28,080
Percentage with employment income	61.5	67.7	55.6	75.4	80.6	70.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	130	65	60	8,655	4,000	4,655
$5,000 to $9,999	35	15	20	4,330	1,835	2,495
$10,000 to $19,999	95	35	60	7,070	2,930	4,145
$20,000 to $29,999	70	25	40	6,390	2,615	3,770
$30,000 to $39,999	60	20	40	5,950	2,540	3,405
$40,000 to $49,999	50	25	25	5,050	2,500	2,555
$50,000 to $59,999	35	30	10	4,390	2,425	1,965
$60,000 to $69,999	40	35	5	3,830	2,385	1,445
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	5	3,295	2,330	965
$80,000 and over	55	45	5	12,615	9,935	2,680
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	2,725	2,005	720
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	0	2,495	1,720	775
$100,000 and over	20	20	0	7,395	6,215	1,185
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	545	...	...	39,070	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	47,296	...	...	82,443	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	43,680	...	...	72,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	200	...	...	8,985	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,328	...	...	39,410	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,848	...	...	35,836	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	345	...	...	30,080	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,512	...	...	97,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	56,896	...	...	84,467	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	575	...	...	39,045	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	57,365	...	...	100,477	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,184	...	...	83,856	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	245	...	...	9,065	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,989	...	...	53,503	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,960	...	...	44,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	330	...	...	29,980	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,589	...	...	114,674	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,052	...	...	95,776	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	545	...	...	39,070	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	580	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	390	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	565	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	1,160	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	1,865	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	1,195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	1,475	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	1,445	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	1,405	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	1,365	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...	2,510	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	2,500	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	2,470	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	2,340	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	2,205	...	...
$100,000 and over	80	...	...	15,600	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	4,625	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	3,580	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	4,155	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	3,240	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	545	...	...	39,070	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	635	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	400	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	570	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	1,190	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	1,950	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	1,345	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...	1,585	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	1,665	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	1,615	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	1,615	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...	3,125	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	3,185	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	2,955	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	2,750	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	2,420	...	...
$100,000 and over	45	...	...	12,065	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	4,930	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	3,060	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	4,080	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	320	...	...	29,090	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,640	...	...	95,532	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	56,896	...	...	83,133	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	11,295	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,008	...	...	89,827	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,312	...	...	78,180	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	13,120	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,816	...	...	115,665	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,224	...	...	99,625	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	3,945	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,240	...	...	49,675	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,680	...	...	47,283	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	325	...	...	28,995	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,984	...	...	113,180	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,555	...	...	94,464	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	11,260	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,489	...	...	111,229	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,443	...	...	91,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...	13,065	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,696	...	...	130,168	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,835	...	...	109,135	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	3,930	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	31,820	...	...	61,517	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	30,048	...	...	54,751	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	260	135	125	12,565	7,110	5,460
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,192	24,752	23,392	38,390	46,659	31,120
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,360	23,696	22,848	34,774	40,585	29,152
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	255	155	100	12,565	7,080	5,485
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,550	38,135	26,452	51,057	58,305	41,700
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,404	32,537	24,555	42,595	47,639	36,085
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,130	550	580	106,925	54,455	52,475
In the bottom half of the distribution	765	355	410	51,940	25,450	26,490
In the bottom decile	180	90	85	11,035	5,385	5,650
In the second decile	175	75	100	10,880	5,130	5,750
In the third decile	160	70	95	10,440	5,110	5,335
In the fourth decile	120	60	60	9,945	4,970	4,980
In the fifth decile	130	55	70	9,640	4,860	4,780
In the top half of the distribution	370	200	170	54,990	29,005	25,980
In the sixth decile	125	60	60	9,580	4,860	4,715
In the seventh decile	80	50	35	10,025	5,215	4,805
In the eighth decile	80	40	40	11,115	5,855	5,260
In the ninth decile	45	30	20	11,890	6,355	5,540
In the top decile	30	15	15	12,375	6,715	5,655
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,130	550	580	97,705	49,815	47,890
0 to 17 years	205	95	100	26,255	13,435	12,820
0 to 5 years	50	25	30	8,795	4,450	4,350
18 to 64 years	635	315	320	59,535	30,395	29,140
65 years and over	295	135	160	11,920	5,985	5,930
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	265	130	145	11,680	5,545	6,130
0 to 17 years	55	25	35	4,255	2,180	2,075
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	1,585	810	780
18 to 64 years	150	75	70	5,760	2,660	3,100
65 years and over	65	25	40	1,660	705	955
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.5	23.6	25.0	12.0	11.1	12.8
0 to 17 years (%)	26.8	26.3	35.0	16.2	16.2	16.2
0 to 5 years (%)	30.0	40.0	16.7	18.0	18.2	17.9
18 to 64 years (%)	23.6	23.8	21.9	9.7	8.8	10.6
65 years and over (%)	22.0	18.5	25.0	13.9	11.8	16.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	115	65	55	4,395	2,165	2,230
0 to 17 years	25	10	10	1,595	810	785
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	605	315	290
18 to 64 years	90	50	40	2,565	1,245	1,320
65 years and over	5	0	5	230	110	120
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.2	11.8	9.5	4.5	4.3	4.7
0 to 17 years (%)	12.2	10.5	10.0	6.1	6.0	6.1
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	20.0	16.7	6.9	7.1	6.7
18 to 64 years (%)	14.2	15.9	12.5	4.3	4.1	4.5
65 years and over (%)	1.7	0.0	3.1	1.9	1.8	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,130	580	555	106,720	54,300	52,425
Official languages	1,130	575	555	105,630	53,755	51,880
English	1,130	575	550	105,545	53,710	51,835
French	45	25	20	6,240	3,110	3,125
Non-official languages	70	35	40	24,045	11,930	12,115
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	7,675	3,755	3,925
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	7,580	3,705	3,875
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	7,575	3,700	3,875
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	25	0	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	90	30	60
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	660	325	340
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	6,860	3,365	3,495
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	35	20	20
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	50	25	25
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	35	40	16,390	8,190	8,200
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	290	175	115
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Bilen	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	260	145	110
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	230	135	100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	25	10	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	80	25	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	30	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	2,050	915	1,135
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	65	35	35
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	2,015	910	1,110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	170	100	75
Kannada	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	60	30	30
Tamil	0	0	0	100	55	45
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	25	30	13,005	6,660	6,345
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	800	405	395
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	10	0	800	405	395
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	145	70	75
Russian	0	0	0	130	80	50
Serbian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	10	0	40	15	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	435	205	230
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	11,025	5,615	5,410
Afrikaans	0	0	0	130	55	80
Danish	15	0	10	45	25	20
Dutch	0	0	0	820	410	405
Frisian	0	0	0	35	20	15
German	0	0	0	9,960	5,100	4,865
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	45	15	30
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	65	45
Greek	0	0	0	60	30	30
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	395	220	175
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	390	220	175
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	30	15
Hindi	0	0	0	220	135	90
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	100	55	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	105	60	45
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15	960	550	410
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	55	25	35
Portuguese	20	0	15	45	30	20
Romanian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Spanish	10	0	10	830	475	350
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	195	75	120
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	140	65	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	65	20	45
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	15	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	40	15	25
American Sign Language	0	10	0	15	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	405	175	230
Chinese languages	0	0	0	400	175	220
Cantonese	0	0	0	195	85	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	170	80	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	20	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	65	30	40
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	30	40
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	35	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,130	575	555	106,720	54,295	52,420
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,095	570	530	102,945	52,555	50,390
Canadian citizens aged under 18	155	85	70	29,535	15,175	14,360
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	945	485	460	73,410	37,385	36,025
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	30	10	25	3,775	1,740	2,035
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,130	580	550	106,725	54,295	52,420
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,035	545	495	99,150	50,640	48,515
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	95	30	60	6,660	3,210	3,450
Before 1981	70	25	45	1,815	955	870
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	660	310	350
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	830	415	410
2001 to 2010	15	0	10	1,275	550	725
2001 to 2005	10	10	0	435	180	260
2006 to 2010	10	0	0	835	370	470
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	2,080	975	1,100
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	905	445	460
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	95	35	65	6,660	3,215	3,450
Under 5 years	10	0	10	845	450	405
5 to 14 years	30	15	15	1,610	795	815
15 to 24 years	20	0	20	1,235	540	695
25 to 44 years	30	10	15	2,635	1,280	1,355
45 years and over	10	10	0	330	155	180
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	95	35	60	6,660	3,210	3,450
Americas	25	10	20	1,535	775	760
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	105	50	55
Mexico	0	0	0	470	260	215
Peru	0	0	0	15	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	15	450	190	260
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	475	275	210
Europe	60	20	35	2,250	1,150	1,100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	35	20	10
Germany	0	0	0	430	215	220
Greece	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hungary	0	0	0	25	15	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	50	40	10
Italy	0	0	0	15	10	15
Netherlands	10	0	0	530	310	225
Poland	0	0	0	150	55	90
Portugal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	35	20	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	35	25	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	20	0	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	45	25	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	10	30	660	290	370
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	0	165	95	70
Africa	10	10	0	365	175	185
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	90	45	45
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	140	55	85
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	115	60	60
Asia	10	0	0	2,425	1,065	1,360
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	165	55	110
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	10	0
India	0	0	0	290	150	140
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	125	45	75
Lebanon	0	0	0	45	35	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	60	35	25
Philippines	0	0	0	1,520	640	890
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	50	20	30
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	115	50	65
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	90	50	40
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	2,080	975	1,100
Americas	0	0	0	355	185	160
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	95	45	50
Mexico	0	0	0	130	65	60
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	85	50	40
Europe	0	0	0	100	55	40
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	20	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	45	20	20
Africa	0	0	0	135	60	75
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	50	20	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	0	15
Asia	0	0	0	1,470	660	810
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	195	95	100
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	15	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	15	15
Philippines	0	0	0	1,120	500	625
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	0	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Australia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,130	575	555	106,720	54,295	52,425
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	95	35	65	8,195	3,980	4,215
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	215	120	95	13,585	6,940	6,650
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	820	425	395	84,940	43,380	41,560
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	20	10	15	4,940	2,305	2,635
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	0	10	3,045	1,460	1,585
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,170	730	440
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	0	0	1,875	730	1,145
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20	10	10	1,550	635	915
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	300	190	110
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,125	580	555	106,720	54,300	52,425
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	80	30	50	24,325	11,875	12,445
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	80	30	50	23,995	11,720	12,275
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	25	15	10	15,495	7,520	7,975
Métis	55	15	45	8,425	4,145	4,275
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	75	55	25
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	250	125	125
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	80	35	50
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,045	545	505	82,395	42,420	39,975
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,130	575	555	106,720	54,300	52,420
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	10	0	14,980	7,300	7,675
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,120	570	550	91,740	46,995	44,740
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,130	575	555	106,720	54,300	52,425
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	0	10	14,120	6,970	7,150
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	10	10	13,445	6,640	6,805
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	11,585	5,670	5,915
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	1,830	945	885
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	30	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	675	335	345
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	665	325	340
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	80	25	55	10,890	5,275	5,615
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	80	20	55	9,935	4,835	5,100
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	20	35	5,785	2,765	3,025
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	0	25	4,080	2,025	2,050
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	70	50	25
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	955	440	515
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	935	425	505
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,035	545	490	81,710	42,055	39,655
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,130	575	550	106,720	54,300	52,420
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	15	10	10	4,960	2,370	2,590
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	620	315	305
Chinese	0	0	0	420	180	235
Black	0	0	0	645	325	320
Filipino	0	0	0	2,235	995	1,240
Latin American	0	0	0	190	125	70
Arab	0	0	0	215	120	95
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	120	45	75
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	240	105	135
Japanese	10	10	10	115	75	40
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	120	65	55
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,115	570	545	101,760	51,925	49,830
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,130	575	550	106,720	54,300	52,420
North American Aboriginal origins	90	30	60	25,010	12,250	12,760
First Nations (North American Indian)	55	25	30	18,995	9,200	9,790
Inuit	0	0	0	130	80	50
Métis	35	10	30	7,520	3,740	3,780
Other North American origins	355	175	180	31,270	16,225	15,045
Acadian	0	0	0	80	55	25
American	25	15	10	1,890	920	970
Canadian	350	170	180	29,945	15,585	14,360
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	80	50	30
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	60	30	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	900	450	445	70,965	36,175	34,790
British Isles origins	655	330	320	37,370	18,700	18,675
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	400	205	195	20,585	10,295	10,295
Irish	230	120	110	14,075	6,980	7,095
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	280	135	145	16,390	8,005	8,385
Welsh	50	20	30	1,610	685	925
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	30	15	10	1,380	625	760
French origins	125	75	50	15,410	7,780	7,625
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	120	75	45	15,405	7,780	7,625
Western European origins (except French origins)	165	90	75	30,470	15,565	14,905
Austrian	10	0	0	650	335	320
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	530	260	270
Dutch	70	25	40	8,165	4,100	4,065
Flemish	0	0	0	70	20	55
Frisian	0	0	0	25	10	10
German	125	70	50	23,470	11,965	11,505
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	10	0
Swiss	10	10	0	545	280	270
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	135	55	80	8,340	4,100	4,240
Danish	10	10	0	1,325	665	660
Finnish	15	15	10	435	180	250
Icelandic	25	0	20	440	240	205
Norwegian	40	20	25	4,085	1,995	2,085
Swedish	50	15	35	2,670	1,310	1,360
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	10	290	145	140
Eastern European origins	245	120	125	17,810	8,740	9,075
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Czech	10	10	0	405	205	200
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	25	15	10	250	125	125
Estonian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hungarian	15	0	10	960	475	490
Latvian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	110	30	80
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polish	25	15	10	4,755	2,315	2,440
Romanian	10	0	10	435	255	180
Russian	125	40	75	3,550	1,735	1,820
Slovak	0	0	0	310	160	150
Ukrainian	70	45	20	9,870	4,755	5,115
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	10	0	20	15	10
Southern European origins	35	10	20	2,255	1,075	1,185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	115	75	45
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	190	90	100
Italian	10	0	0	1,250	550	695
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	0	45	30	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	35	30	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	155	110	50
Serbian	0	0	0	75	40	30
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Spanish	0	0	0	405	170	235
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	115	65	50
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	0	0	430	230	205
Basque	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	65	20	45
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	40	40	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	320	170	150
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	375	185	190
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	15	0	15
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	275	135	140
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	45	10	35
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	10	10	1,365	745	620
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	135	70	65
Brazilian	15	0	15	10	0	10
Chilean	0	0	0	45	30	20
Colombian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	35	20	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	30	20	10
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	975	520	455
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	50	25	20
Peruvian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	10
African origins	0	0	0	585	275	310
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	95	60	40
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	65	40	20
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	45	20	20
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	170	75	90
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	50	25	20
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rwandan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	0	0	0	80	35	50
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	280	120	160
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	45	25	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	240	100	145
Asian origins	10	10	0	4,585	2,160	2,425
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	470	245	225
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	75	45	25
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	280	140	150
Palestinian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	655	345	310
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	525	275	245
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	80	40	40
Punjabi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	50	25	20
East and Southeast Asian origins	10	0	0	3,465	1,575	1,890
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	660	305	355
Filipino	0	0	0	2,320	1,045	1,275
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Japanese	10	10	0	200	110	90
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	240	105	135
Laotian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	35	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	95	35	55
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	170	65	105
Australian	0	0	0	110	40	75
New Zealander	0	0	0	40	15	30
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	15	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	580	...	...	39,045	...	...
Owner	390	...	...	28,500	...	...
Renter	190	...	...	8,650	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	1,900	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	575	...	...	39,045	...	...
Condominium	35	...	...	1,430	...	...
Not condominium	540	...	...	37,615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	575	...	...	39,045	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	75	...	...
1 bedroom	90	...	...	2,410	...	...
2 bedrooms	160	...	...	6,970	...	...
3 bedrooms	210	...	...	15,105	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	120	...	...	14,485	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	575	...	...	39,045	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	150	...	...	7,115	...	...
5 rooms	105	...	...	7,520	...	...
6 rooms	90	...	...	6,105	...	...
7 rooms	60	...	...	5,350	...	...
8 or more rooms	165	...	...	12,955	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	575	...	...	39,050	...	...
One person or fewer per room	570	...	...	37,685	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	1,365	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	575	...	...	39,045	...	...
Suitable	565	...	...	36,840	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	2,205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	575	...	...	39,045	...	...
1960 or before	215	...	...	4,055	...	...
1961 to 1980	180	...	...	12,760	...	...
1981 to 1990	45	...	...	6,905	...	...
1991 to 2000	80	...	...	5,785	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	2,775	...	...
2006 to 2010	30	...	...	3,530	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	25	...	...	3,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	580	...	...	39,045	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	500	...	...	34,875	...	...
Major repairs needed	75	...	...	4,170	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	575	...	...	39,045	...	...
1 household maintainer	385	...	...	24,465	...	...
2 household maintainers	180	...	...	13,945	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	635	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	580	...	...	39,050	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	1,750	...	...
25 to 34 years	45	...	...	6,540	...	...
35 to 44 years	70	...	...	7,100	...	...
45 to 54 years	95	...	...	7,815	...	...
55 to 64 years	120	...	...	7,715	...	...
65 to 74 years	160	...	...	4,915	...	...
75 to 84 years	50	...	...	2,560	...	...
85 years and over	30	...	...	660	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	570	...	...	33,835	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	400	...	...	27,785	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	170	...	...	6,050	...	...
30% to less than 100%	135	...	...	5,305	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	385	...	...	25,470	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.8	...	...	58.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.8	...	...	13.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	674	...	...	1,101	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	818	...	...	1,246	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	228,861	...	...	299,057	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	240,094	...	...	316,145	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	190	...	...	8,485	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	21.6	...	...	14.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.6	...	...	30.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	850	...	...	1,028	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	778	...	...	1,075	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	990	495	500	81,465	41,445	40,020
No certificate, diploma or degree	235	130	100	26,870	14,755	12,110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	335	150	185	22,415	10,470	11,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420	210	210	32,185	16,225	15,965
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	170	115	50	9,615	7,755	1,860
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	50	25	30	2,970	1,855	1,115
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	110	90	25	6,645	5,895	745
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	175	70	110	13,430	5,120	8,310
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	15	20	1,950	680	1,260
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	40	10	30	7,200	2,660	4,535
Bachelor's degree	30	0	25	5,640	1,960	3,680
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	395	185	210
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	205	125	75
Master's degree	10	10	10	880	365	510
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	80	25	50
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	575	310	260	54,495	27,545	26,945
No certificate, diploma or degree	110	75	35	13,325	7,535	5,790
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	215	120	95	15,455	7,190	8,260
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	240	110	130	25,710	12,820	12,890
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75	50	25	7,230	5,895	1,330
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	20	0	15	2,175	1,385	785
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	60	50	15	5,060	4,510	545
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	115	45	60	10,895	4,170	6,725
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	10	1,445	550	895
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30	0	25	6,140	2,205	3,940
Bachelor's degree	25	0	20	4,800	1,650	3,150
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	310	145	165
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	175	100	75
Master's degree	10	0	10	780	290	495
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	75	25	55
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	990	495	495	81,465	41,445	40,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	575	285	290	49,280	25,220	24,055
Education	20	0	20	3,095	685	2,410
13. Education	25	0	20	3,100	690	2,410
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	15	20	420	145	275
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	120	65	60
50. Visual and performing arts	25	10	15	295	80	215
Humanities	0	0	10	665	270	395
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	30	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	105	25	80
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	145	40	100
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	25	0	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	275	135	135
54. History	0	0	10	75	55	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	0	50	1,990	460	1,530
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	175	65	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30	800	45	755
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	10	230	70	155
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	65	15	50
42. Psychology	10	0	10	270	70	195
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	425	185	245
Business, management and public administration	55	20	40	5,410	1,150	4,255
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	555	105	450
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	20	35	4,825	1,040	3,790
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	485	245	235
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	190	105	90
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	125	50	70
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	90	65	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	80	25	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	10	495	205	290
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	390	175	210
25. Library science	0	0	0	60	0	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	45	25	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	165	155	10	10,300	9,755	550
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	70	50	20
14. Engineering	10	10	0	570	470	100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30	30	0	1,525	1,375	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	50	45	0	2,840	2,770	70
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	40	10	4,010	3,860	155
48. Precision production	35	35	0	1,275	1,225	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,890	1,375	515
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	1,140	825	315
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	750	550	200
Health and related fields	50	10	40	4,965	725	4,235
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	225	100	125
51. Health professions and related programs	45	10	40	4,685	590	4,100
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	50	35	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	10	20	2,475	1,200	1,275
12. Personal and culinary services	25	0	20	1,260	175	1,080
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	485	350	135
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	0	730	670	60
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	570	315	260	54,495	27,545	26,945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	330	195	130	28,780	14,730	14,055
Education	15	0	10	2,395	495	1,900
13. Education	15	0	10	2,395	495	1,900
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	15	315	100	215
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	80	35	45
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15	240	65	170
Humanities	0	0	0	460	190	275
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	25	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	70	25	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	90	25	65
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	25	0	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	190	100	90
54. History	0	0	0	45	25	15
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	0	35	1,620	370	1,255
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	150	50	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	635	40	590
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	190	55	130
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	45	15	30
42. Psychology	10	0	0	235	60	175
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	345	145	200
Business, management and public administration	30	15	20	4,615	970	3,640
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	0	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	510	90	425
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	15	20	4,080	880	3,195
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	410	200	215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	165	80	85
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	100	45	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	70	50	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	10	445	180	260
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	10	0	365	165	200
25. Library science	0	0	0	55	0	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	25	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	80	75	10	8,055	7,600	455
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	65	45	20
14. Engineering	10	0	0	485	400	85
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	20	0	1,255	1,135	115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	2,150	2,080	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	15	0	3,180	3,055	120
48. Precision production	20	20	0	920	875	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	1,535	1,100	435
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	875	620	260
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	660	480	180
Health and related fields	30	10	25	3,840	570	3,265
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	175	85	85
51. Health professions and related programs	30	0	25	3,635	460	3,175
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	35	25	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	0	10	2,015	1,045	970
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	10	980	155	820
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	415	325	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	620	560	60
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	990	490	495	81,465	41,445	40,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	575	285	285	49,280	25,225	24,055
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	415	210	210	32,185	16,220	15,965
Location of study inside Canada	400	200	200	29,140	14,750	14,395
Same as province or territory of residence	305	150	160	23,250	11,825	11,430
Different than province or territory of residence	90	50	40	5,890	2,920	2,965
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	10	10	3,040	1,470	1,570
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	490	265	225
Philippines	0	0	0	1,090	410	680
India	0	0	0	215	120	95
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	235	110	120
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	10	20
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	975	545	430
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	570	315	255	54,490	27,545	26,945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	330	200	130	28,780	14,725	14,055
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	240	115	130	25,710	12,820	12,895
Location of study inside Canada	235	110	130	23,185	11,630	11,555
Same as province or territory of residence	180	75	95	18,315	9,255	9,065
Different than province or territory of residence	65	30	30	4,870	2,375	2,490
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	10	0	2,530	1,190	1,340
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	10	0	340	185	160
Philippines	0	0	0	1,020	390	630
India	0	0	0	200	110	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	120	60	60
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	10	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	820	440	380
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	990	495	500	81,465	41,445	40,020
In the labour force	485	305	175	55,750	31,010	24,740
Employed	435	270	165	49,710	27,100	22,610
Unemployed	45	35	15	6,035	3,905	2,125
Not in the labour force	510	195	315	25,715	10,435	15,285
Participation rate	49.0	61.6	35.0	68.4	74.8	61.8
Employment rate	43.9	54.5	33.0	61.0	65.4	56.5
Unemployment rate	9.3	11.5	8.6	10.8	12.6	8.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	990	495	495	81,470	41,445	40,025
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	445	160	285	21,945	8,590	13,360
Worked	545	335	210	59,520	32,860	26,660
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	235	160	75	28,300	17,065	11,230
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	315	175	135	31,220	15,795	15,425
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.2	40.1	40.3	41.5	41.9	41.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	480	305	180	55,745	31,010	24,740
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	10	945	410	530
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	475	305	175	54,805	30,605	24,205
Employee	420	265	155	45,090	24,265	20,825
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	60	40	20	9,715	6,335	3,380
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	480	305	180	55,750	31,010	24,740
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	10	940	410	530
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	480	300	175	54,805	30,600	24,205
0 Management occupations	45	30	10	7,585	4,920	2,670
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	45	0	40	6,535	1,200	5,335
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	25	20	0	2,030	1,535	495
3 Health occupations	30	0	30	2,670	360	2,315
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	15	15	0	5,405	1,495	3,910
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	10	0	705	190	520
6 Sales and service occupations	90	35	55	10,360	3,600	6,765
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	130	110	20	12,585	11,540	1,045
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	25	10	4,285	3,470	815
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	55	0	2,645	2,310	340
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	485	305	180	55,745	31,005	24,735
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	940	410	535
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	480	300	175	54,805	30,600	24,205
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	45	35	10	6,320	4,490	1,830
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	4,615	3,965	645
22 Utilities	0	10	0	545	455	85
23 Construction	55	50	10	5,365	4,575	790
31-33 Manufacturing	60	55	0	3,080	2,395	690
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	0	1,200	825	375
44-45 Retail trade	50	25	20	5,940	2,505	3,440
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	0	15	3,290	2,480	805
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	415	205	215
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	905	145	755
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	10	660	380	275
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	15	0	1,745	830	910
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	30	10	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	20	10	1,665	950	715
61 Educational services	20	10	0	4,100	940	3,155
62 Health care and social assistance	45	0	40	5,080	680	4,400
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	630	270	355
72 Accommodation and food services	35	10	30	3,265	1,110	2,150
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	15	10	2,860	1,755	1,105
91 Public administration	20	15	10	3,100	1,625	1,475
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	435	275	165	49,710	27,100	22,615
Worked at home	45	30	15	6,815	3,630	3,190
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	30	15	10
No fixed workplace address	120	90	30	8,120	6,735	1,380
Worked at usual place	275	160	115	34,745	16,720	18,025
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	275	155	115	34,750	16,720	18,025
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	70	45	30	20,355	9,610	10,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	160	85	70	11,000	4,970	6,030
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	45	25	20	3,210	2,025	1,180
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	180	115	70
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	395	245	150	42,865	23,460	19,410
Car, truck, van - as a driver	330	220	110	36,510	20,525	15,985
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	45	20	25	2,365	1,105	1,260
Public transit	0	0	0	400	225	170
Walked	15	10	10	2,920	1,140	1,775
Bicycle	10	0	0	195	140	50
Other method	0	0	0	480	315	165
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	395	240	150	42,865	23,460	19,410
Less than 15 minutes	105	70	35	22,960	11,045	11,920
15 to 29 minutes	65	35	25	9,965	5,370	4,595
30 to 44 minutes	175	90	85	4,250	2,625	1,620
45 to 59 minutes	35	25	10	1,815	1,275	540
60 minutes and over	20	20	0	3,880	3,140	735
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	395	240	150	42,865	23,460	19,405
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	50	45	0	3,275	2,525	745
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	105	70	40	8,240	6,155	2,080
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	100	55	45	12,760	7,275	5,485
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	60	20	35	10,340	3,775	6,565
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	45	15	25	3,140	1,130	2,015
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	35	0	5,115	2,595	2,520
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	565	335	230	61,350	33,720	27,635
Single responses	565	335	230	60,840	33,410	27,425
Official languages	565	335	230	58,945	32,215	26,730
English	565	335	225	58,675	32,120	26,555
French	0	0	0	265	95	170
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,895	1,200	695
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	375	205	170
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	370	205	170
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	375	205	165
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	345	195	155
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,520	995	525
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,435	950	480
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,405	935	465
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	30	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,360	915	445
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	25	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	515	305	205
English and French	0	0	0	140	90	50
English and non-official language	0	0	0	375	215	160
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	560	335	230	61,355	33,715	27,635
None	560	330	230	56,720	31,040	25,680
English	0	0	0	1,295	795	500
French	0	0	0	955	500	455
Non-official language	0	0	0	2,340	1,365	975
Aboriginal	0	0	0	935	470	460
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,410	895	520
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,120	565	550	105,000	53,390	51,610
Non-movers	915	465	455	91,465	46,710	44,755
Movers	205	105	100	13,535	6,680	6,855
Non-migrants	65	30	40	7,015	3,535	3,485
Migrants	135	75	60	6,525	3,150	3,370
Internal migrants	140	80	65	5,975	2,885	3,090
Intraprovincial migrants	130	75	50	5,005	2,415	2,595
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	970	470	500
External migrants	0	0	0	550	265	280
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,095	550	545	98,405	50,075	48,325
Non-movers	710	370	340	62,255	32,040	30,215
Movers	380	185	200	36,150	18,040	18,110
Non-migrants	155	80	80	16,770	8,540	8,235
Migrants	225	100	125	19,380	9,500	9,875
Internal migrants	225	100	125	17,130	8,390	8,740
Intraprovincial migrants	190	90	100	12,435	5,965	6,470
Interprovincial migrants	35	15	20	4,700	2,430	2,265
External migrants	0	0	0	2,250	1,110	1,140

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Salmo, VL [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Peace River--Westlock [Federal electoral district], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Salmo, Village [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Peace River--Westlock [Federal electoral district], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Salmo, Village [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Peace River--Westlock [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Salmo, Village [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Peace River--Westlock [Federal electoral district], Alberta