Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vancouver South [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Vancouver South British Columbia [Federal electoral district]			Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Vancouver South [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : Vancouver South [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	102,927	...	...	465	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	100,966	...	...	454	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.9	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	38,857	...	...	286	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	34,993	...	...	190	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,973.4	...	...	4.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	20.70	...	...	110.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	102,925	49,495	53,430	465	245	220
0 to 14 years	14,015	7,365	6,650	100	45	55
0 to 4 years	4,370	2,265	2,110	20	15	10
5 to 9 years	4,560	2,395	2,165	45	20	30
10 to 14 years	5,085	2,710	2,380	30	15	15
15 to 64 years	70,620	34,050	36,570	295	155	135
15 to 19 years	6,565	3,325	3,240	25	10	10
20 to 24 years	7,740	4,010	3,725	20	15	10
25 to 29 years	7,515	3,930	3,580	30	15	15
30 to 34 years	6,660	3,305	3,355	25	15	10
35 to 39 years	6,455	3,005	3,450	40	15	20
40 to 44 years	6,685	3,015	3,670	20	10	10
45 to 49 years	7,245	3,335	3,910	30	15	10
50 to 54 years	7,875	3,720	4,155	25	15	10
55 to 59 years	7,350	3,390	3,960	40	20	20
60 to 64 years	6,530	3,005	3,525	45	25	20
65 years and over	18,295	8,080	10,210	70	40	35
65 to 69 years	5,765	2,690	3,080	25	15	15
70 to 74 years	3,585	1,650	1,935	25	15	10
75 to 79 years	3,260	1,410	1,850	10	5	5
80 to 84 years	2,710	1,220	1,490	10	5	5
85 years and over	2,970	1,110	1,860	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	1,800	755	1,050	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	845	285	560	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	270	60	205	0	0	0
100 years and over	55	10	45	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.6	14.9	12.4	21.5	18.4	25.0
15 to 64 years	68.6	68.8	68.4	63.4	63.3	61.4
65 years and over	17.8	16.3	19.1	15.1	16.3	15.9
85 years and over	2.9	2.2	3.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	42.0	40.6	43.4	39.4	39.8	39.0
Median age of the population	42.0	39.6	43.8	38.7	38.9	38.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	34,995	...	...	190	...	...
Single-detached house	6,940	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,335	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	26,720	...	...	15	...	...
Semi-detached house	315	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	3,990	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	14,280	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,980	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	150	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	34,990	...	...	190	...	...
1 person	7,760	...	...	45	...	...
2 persons	9,445	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	6,340	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	6,135	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	5,320	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	101,260	...	...	465	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	88,910	42,130	46,780	365	190	170
Married or living common law	48,055	23,840	24,210	255	130	125
Married	44,065	21,885	22,180	145	70	75
Living common law	3,995	1,960	2,035	110	55	55
Not married and not living common law	40,855	18,285	22,570	110	65	45
Never married	28,805	14,980	13,830	80	55	25
Separated	1,955	745	1,210	0	0	0
Divorced	4,785	1,645	3,140	20	10	10
Widowed	5,305	920	4,385	10	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	28,085	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	12,010	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	7,065	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	6,760	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	2,245	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	28,085	...	...	140	...	...
Total couple families	22,820	...	...	125	...	...
Married couples	20,825	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	1,995	...	...	55	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,260	...	...	15	...	...
Female parent	4,355	...	...	10	...	...
Male parent	900	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	22,825	...	...	130	...	...
Couples without children	8,700	...	...	70	...	...
Couples with children	14,125	...	...	65	...	...
1 child	5,580	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	6,380	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	2,160	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,260	...	...	15	...	...
1 child	3,310	...	...	0	...	...
2 children	1,480	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	470	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,265	7,565	9,700	55	35	15
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	34,995	...	...	190	...	...
One-census-family households	22,840	...	...	140	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,555	...	...	65	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,280	...	...	70	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	2,505	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	9,650	...	...	50	...	...
One-person households	7,760	...	...	45	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,890	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	101,435	48,950	52,485	465	245	225
English only	85,675	42,395	43,285	0	0	0
French only	35	15	20	325	155	160
English and French	4,525	2,060	2,465	145	85	55
Neither English nor French	11,195	4,480	6,715	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	101,435	48,950	52,485	465	240	220
English	89,155	43,915	45,235	10	0	5
French	630	345	285	455	240	220
English and French	555	245	305	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	11,100	4,445	6,655	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	900	465	435	10	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.9	0.8	2.2	2.1	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	101,435	48,950	52,485	465	245	220
Single responses	96,860	46,765	50,100	465	245	225
Official languages	32,650	17,015	15,630	460	245	220
English	32,075	16,695	15,380	10	0	5
French	570	320	250	450	235	210
Non-official languages	64,215	29,750	34,470	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	5	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	64,195	29,740	34,455	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	525	275	250	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	475	250	230	0	0	0
Amharic	80	40	50	0	0	0
Arabic	240	135	100	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	80	40	35	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	10	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,545	1,180	1,370	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	90	35	55	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,450	1,140	1,310	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	8,110	3,415	4,690	0	0	0
Bikol	45	25	25	0	0	0
Cebuano	270	105	160	0	0	0
Fijian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	175	65	105	0	0	0
Ilocano	730	290	435	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	160	70	90	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	50	30	25	0	0	0
Pangasinan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	6,505	2,750	3,755	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	15	10	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	955	530	425	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	200	100	100	0	0	0
Tamil	590	310	285	0	0	0
Telugu	150	110	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,715	8,545	9,160	0	0	0
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,260	570	690	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,250	570	680	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Croatian	165	85	80	0	0	0
Czech	60	30	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	370	165	210	0	0	0
Russian	325	135	195	0	0	0
Serbian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Slovak	40	20	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	870	380	490	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	20	0	0	0
Dutch	90	45	45	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	705	300	400	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	170	85	85	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	12,530	6,150	6,385	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	11,965	5,870	6,095	0	0	0
Bengali	395	195	200	0	0	0
Gujarati	320	160	165	0	0	0
Hindi	1,390	665	720	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	10	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Nepali	80	40	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	9,280	4,540	4,740	0	0	0
Sindhi	30	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	15	0	0	0
Urdu	385	205	180	0	0	0
Iranian languages	540	260	275	0	0	0
Kurdish	150	75	75	0	0	0
Pashto	110	60	55	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	280	130	150	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,840	1,335	1,500	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	405	190	220	0	0	0
Portuguese	535	255	280	0	0	0
Romanian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Spanish	1,795	845	955	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	740	250	490	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	835	385	455	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	32,150	14,875	17,275	0	0	0
Chinese languages	32,015	14,815	17,205	0	0	0
Cantonese	24,570	11,445	13,120	0	0	0
Hakka	215	95	120	0	0	0
Mandarin	5,615	2,565	3,050	0	0	0
Min Dong	25	20	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	645	265	380	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	220	95	130	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	725	330	395	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Burmese	90	45	50	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	110	40	70	0	0	0
Lao	35	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	75	25	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	80	45	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	5	0	0	0
Turkish	65	40	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	245	105	135	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	110	45	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	125	55	70	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,570	2,185	2,390	0	5	0
English and French	155	80	85	0	5	0
English and non-official language	4,280	2,045	2,235	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	25	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	95	40	55	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	101,435	48,950	52,485	465	240	225
Single responses	89,465	43,320	46,145	465	245	225
Official languages	47,895	24,125	23,770	465	245	225
English	47,645	23,990	23,660	5	5	0
French	250	135	110	460	235	220
Non-official languages	41,570	19,195	22,375	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	41,565	19,195	22,375	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	285	140	150	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	5	10	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	255	120	130	0	0	0
Amharic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Arabic	140	70	65	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	40	25	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,660	780	875	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,615	765	855	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	4,075	1,805	2,275	0	0	0
Bikol	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	35	40	0	0	0
Fijian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	60	25	35	0	0	0
Ilocano	275	120	155	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	45	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,540	1,560	1,985	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	655	350	305	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	135	65	65	0	0	0
Tamil	450	230	215	0	0	0
Telugu	70	45	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,275	4,860	5,415	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	570	260	315	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	570	255	315	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Croatian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	180	70	105	0	0	0
Russian	170	70	105	0	0	0
Serbian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slovak	20	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	140	60	80	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	120	50	70	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	80	35	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	8,005	3,825	4,185	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	7,695	3,685	4,010	0	0	0
Bengali	295	140	150	0	0	0
Gujarati	170	75	100	0	0	0
Hindi	610	280	330	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	40	25	20	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,290	3,020	3,270	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	230	115	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	300	130	170	0	0	0
Kurdish	75	35	40	0	0	0
Pashto	65	30	35	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	160	65	100	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,475	685	795	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	150	65	85	0	0	0
Portuguese	295	135	155	0	0	0
Romanian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Spanish	995	460	530	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	345	135	210	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	560	270	290	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	23,450	10,735	12,710	0	0	0
Chinese languages	23,350	10,690	12,660	0	0	0
Cantonese	18,225	8,340	9,885	0	0	0
Hakka	55	20	30	0	0	0
Mandarin	4,230	1,960	2,270	0	0	0
Min Dong	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	280	115	170	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	110	50	60	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	435	200	230	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	100	45	50	0	0	0
Burmese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	65	30	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	11,970	5,630	6,335	0	0	0
English and French	110	55	55	0	0	0
English and non-official language	11,755	5,525	6,230	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	85	40	45	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	101,435	48,950	52,485	465	240	220
None	70,015	34,005	36,010	430	225	210
English	14,470	6,935	7,535	25	10	15
French	575	255	325	5	5	0
Non-official language	15,930	7,550	8,385	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15,920	7,540	8,380	0	0	0
English and French	45	25	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	305	140	165	0	0	0
French and non-official language	85	40	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	87,250	41,530	45,720	365	195	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,430	39,560	43,870	360	190	165
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,945	28,972	23,648	33,280	36,224	29,376
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,575	39,695	43,880	355	190	165
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,234	26,100	22,738	29,517	32,128	26,069
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	73,360	35,465	37,890	325	180	145
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,903	29,604	22,879	26,496	29,888	24,256
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,220	26,520	35,695	300	155	140
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,092	966	3,403	7,168	6,800	7,632
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,740	30,030	30,710	275	155	120
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,400	31,729	25,569	28,032	32,320	24,512
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	87,175	41,485	45,690	350	175	175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,225	39,525	43,700	350	180	175
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,989	40,325	32,067	33,404	36,085	30,681
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,370	39,665	43,700	350	175	170
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,836	33,716	28,222	29,330	31,514	27,111
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	73,000	35,375	37,625	320	165	155
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,889	40,896	31,182	28,111	31,060	24,980
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,200	26,495	35,710	310	150	155
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,032	5,555	6,386	8,556	8,090	8,997
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,690	30,120	30,570	255	130	130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,998	41,788	32,280	29,515	33,302	25,652
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	87,175	41,485	45,690	345	175	175
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	23,780	13,080	10,710	115	65	55
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,067	50,507	44,185	39,645	41,850	34,887
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,017	60,382	50,688	39,740	42,162	36,949
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.5	90.7	84.0	80.7	82.3	75.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.8	78.7	70.5	69.1	70.9	65.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.5	9.3	16.0	19.9	17.4	23.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	87,245	41,530	45,720	365	195	170
Without total income	3,820	1,970	1,845	5	5	5
With total income	83,430	39,555	43,875	360	190	165
Percentage with total income	95.6	95.2	96.0	98.6	97.4	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,350	6,905	8,445	35	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	18,615	7,865	10,750	65	30	30
$20,000 to $29,999	12,185	5,540	6,645	60	30	30
$30,000 to $39,999	9,835	4,430	5,410	65	40	20
$40,000 to $49,999	7,740	3,655	4,090	55	35	20
$50,000 to $59,999	5,495	2,780	2,710	30	20	10
$60,000 to $69,999	3,990	2,185	1,810	15	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,710	1,530	1,180	15	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,155	1,250	905	10	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,500	880	620	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	3,855	2,545	1,315	0	0	0
$100,000 to $149,999	2,785	1,790	990	0	5	0
$150,000 and over	1,075	755	320	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	87,245	41,525	45,720	365	195	175
Without after-tax income	3,670	1,830	1,840	10	5	5
With after-tax income	83,575	39,695	43,880	360	190	165
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	95.6	96.0	98.6	97.4	94.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,895	7,305	8,585	35	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	19,345	8,330	11,015	65	30	35
$20,000 to $29,999	14,230	6,485	7,750	80	40	40
$30,000 to $39,999	11,070	5,030	6,045	75	50	20
$40,000 to $49,999	8,045	3,930	4,110	45	25	20
$50,000 to $59,999	5,220	2,765	2,450	25	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	3,350	1,915	1,435	15	0	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,370	1,340	1,025	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	4,050	2,590	1,460	5	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,375	810	565	0	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	865	555	305	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	1,805	1,220	585	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	87,250	41,530	45,720	365	195	170
Without employment income	26,505	11,500	15,010	90	35	50
With employment income	60,740	30,030	30,715	280	155	120
Percentage with employment income	69.6	72.3	67.2	76.7	79.5	70.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,325	3,715	4,610	45	25	15
$5,000 to $9,999	5,160	2,255	2,905	20	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	9,825	4,535	5,290	45	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	8,275	3,870	4,405	35	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	7,420	3,445	3,970	40	30	10
$40,000 to $49,999	6,105	2,940	3,160	40	30	15
$50,000 to $59,999	4,265	2,275	1,995	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	3,110	1,765	1,345	15	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,255	1,320	940	15	0	10
$80,000 and over	6,005	3,910	2,095	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,840	1,100	735	5	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,225	760	460	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,945	2,045	895	0	5	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	34,995	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,379	...	...	56,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,908	...	...	51,712	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,760	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,510	...	...	31,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,086	...	...	28,096	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	27,235	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,643	...	...	68,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,740	...	...	59,776	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	34,980	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,624	...	...	62,402	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,492	...	...	54,791	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,735	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,035	...	...	27,233	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,054	...	...	24,380	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	27,240	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,569	...	...	74,022	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,691	...	...	64,839	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	34,995	...	...	190	...	...
Under $5,000	895	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	470	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	955	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,620	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,400	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,480	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,545	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,530	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,395	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,445	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,720	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,430	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,220	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,050	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,740	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,095	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,620	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,505	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,810	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,170	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	34,995	...	...	190	...	...
Under $5,000	965	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	480	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	970	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,670	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,550	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,710	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,830	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,705	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,690	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,635	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,025	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,675	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,475	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,045	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,825	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,755	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,465	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,255	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,035	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	26,140	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,898	...	...	67,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,996	...	...	59,648	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,405	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,685	...	...	55,872	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,986	...	...	48,512	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	14,025	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,345	...	...	98,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,842	...	...	80,640	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,445	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,138	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,101	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	26,050	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,987	...	...	73,932	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,988	...	...	64,762	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,410	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,247	...	...	57,171	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,516	...	...	51,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	14,090	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,007	...	...	105,030	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,340	...	...	89,333	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,435	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,638	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,006	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,085	6,160	6,925	50	35	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,296	24,747	23,904	32,192	33,152	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,228	23,540	23,000	28,160	29,760	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	13,155	6,190	6,965	55	25	25
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,632	35,765	31,737	28,638	0	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,096	30,474	27,872	25,542	0	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	101,260	48,890	52,370	465	240	220
In the bottom half of the distribution	55,770	26,530	29,245	300	160	140
In the bottom decile	12,820	6,065	6,755	45	25	20
In the second decile	11,725	5,495	6,230	40	20	15
In the third decile	11,150	5,255	5,895	85	50	40
In the fourth decile	9,995	4,795	5,200	80	40	40
In the fifth decile	10,080	4,920	5,165	60	35	25
In the top half of the distribution	45,485	22,360	23,125	160	85	80
In the sixth decile	9,650	4,660	4,995	60	25	30
In the seventh decile	9,495	4,660	4,835	50	25	25
In the eighth decile	9,465	4,635	4,825	35	20	20
In the ninth decile	9,090	4,495	4,600	20	10	10
In the top decile	7,785	3,905	3,880	5	5	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	101,260	48,890	52,370	465	245	220
0 to 17 years	17,655	9,250	8,395	115	60	60
0 to 5 years	5,260	2,710	2,545	30	15	10
18 to 64 years	66,730	31,980	34,750	280	150	130
65 years and over	16,875	7,655	9,225	70	35	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,485	8,160	9,320	65	35	30
0 to 17 years	3,695	1,940	1,760	20	15	10
0 to 5 years	1,040	525	515	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	10,650	4,920	5,730	30	15	15
65 years and over	3,135	1,305	1,835	15	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.3	16.7	17.8	14.0	14.3	13.6
0 to 17 years (%)	20.9	21.0	21.0	17.4	25.0	16.7
0 to 5 years (%)	19.8	19.4	20.2	33.3	33.3	50.0
18 to 64 years (%)	16.0	15.4	16.5	10.7	10.0	11.5
65 years and over (%)	18.6	17.0	19.9	21.4	28.6	28.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	14,830	6,965	7,860	15	10	5
0 to 17 years	2,920	1,535	1,385	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	775	385	395	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	9,945	4,710	5,235	10	10	5
65 years and over	1,965	725	1,240	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	14.6	14.2	15.0	3.2	4.1	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	16.5	16.6	16.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.5	16.7	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.9	14.7	15.1	3.6	6.7	3.8
65 years and over (%)	11.6	9.5	13.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	101,260	48,870	52,390	445	225	225
Official languages	90,220	44,325	45,900	445	225	225
English	90,160	44,290	45,870	90	55	35
French	4,450	1,870	2,580	445	225	220
Non-official languages	74,815	35,060	39,755	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	74,780	35,045	39,735	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	700	350	350	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	25	0	15	0	0	0
Somali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	630	320	310	0	0	0
Amharic	120	55	65	0	0	0
Arabic	355	185	170	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	85	40	45	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	90	50	35	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	30	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	3,145	1,470	1,675	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	130	40	90	0	0	0
Vietnamese	3,000	1,420	1,580	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10,115	4,320	5,795	0	0	0
Bikol	50	25	25	0	0	0
Cebuano	320	120	205	0	0	0
Fijian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	160	70	90	0	0	0
Ilocano	805	330	480	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	195	90	105	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	80	50	35	0	0	0
Pangasinan	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	9,545	4,030	5,515	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	100	50	50	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,270	715	550	0	0	0
Kannada	45	20	20	0	0	0
Malayalam	240	110	130	0	0	0
Tamil	790	415	375	0	0	0
Telugu	270	205	60	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	22,895	11,110	11,785	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,550	730	820	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,545	725	820	0	0	0
Belarusan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	195	100	95	0	0	0
Czech	115	55	60	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	405	195	210	0	0	0
Russian	545	250	295	0	0	0
Serbian	120	65	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	50	15	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	110	40	70	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,295	580	710	0	0	0
Afrikaans	35	20	20	0	0	0
Danish	55	15	40	0	0	0
Dutch	135	60	75	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,020	465	550	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Swedish	40	10	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	240	140	100	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15,710	7,785	7,920	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15,105	7,475	7,630	0	0	0
Bengali	355	205	150	0	0	0
Gujarati	320	160	165	0	0	0
Hindi	4,390	2,130	2,265	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	30	15	15	0	0	0
Marathi	50	25	20	0	0	0
Nepali	130	75	50	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	11,910	5,865	6,050	0	0	0
Sindhi	55	25	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	90	30	60	0	0	0
Urdu	585	315	275	0	0	0
Iranian languages	670	330	340	0	0	0
Kurdish	125	60	65	0	0	0
Pashto	120	55	65	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	485	255	230	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,415	2,030	2,390	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	685	305	375	0	0	0
Portuguese	695	305	390	0	0	0
Romanian	110	55	50	0	0	0
Spanish	3,045	1,400	1,645	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	1,220	520	700	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,000	480	520	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	230	130	105	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	125	70	55	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	145	65	80	0	0	0
American Sign Language	90	35	50	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	35	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35,440	16,545	18,890	0	0	0
Chinese languages	35,240	16,430	18,810	0	0	0
Cantonese	28,615	13,365	15,250	0	0	0
Hakka	285	145	145	0	0	0
Mandarin	11,920	5,275	6,650	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	895	335	560	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	290	130	160	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	745	315	430	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	215	125	85	0	0	0
Burmese	125	80	50	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	60	35	30	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	180	60	120	0	0	0
Lao	30	10	25	0	0	0
Thai	150	55	95	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	135	75	65	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkish	105	50	55	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	20	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	250	95	155	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	95	35	60	0	0	0
Hungarian	155	55	100	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	101,260	48,875	52,390	445	225	220
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	85,655	41,510	44,145	445	225	225
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,155	8,430	7,720	100	50	50
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	69,500	33,080	36,420	340	170	165
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	15,605	7,360	8,245	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	101,265	48,870	52,395	445	220	225
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	41,205	21,425	19,780	445	225	225
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	56,810	25,880	30,930	0	0	0
Before 1981	12,980	6,080	6,895	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	9,220	4,180	5,035	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	15,395	7,015	8,380	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	12,040	5,190	6,855	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	5,760	2,490	3,275	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	6,275	2,695	3,580	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	7,175	3,410	3,770	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	3,245	1,565	1,680	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	56,815	25,880	30,930	0	0	0
Under 5 years	3,425	1,800	1,630	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	8,150	4,170	3,985	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	13,380	5,865	7,515	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	24,205	10,650	13,555	0	0	0
45 years and over	7,645	3,390	4,260	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	56,815	25,880	30,935	0	0	0
Americas	2,565	1,200	1,365	0	0	0
Brazil	105	45	60	0	0	0
Colombia	180	85	100	0	0	0
El Salvador	350	190	155	0	0	0
Guyana	60	25	35	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	80	50	30	0	0	0
Mexico	280	95	185	0	0	0
Peru	130	50	85	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	100	50	45	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	605	300	305	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	675	315	360	0	0	0
Europe	3,610	1,690	1,915	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	55	30	20	0	0	0
Croatia	140	80	60	0	0	0
France	75	40	35	0	0	0
Germany	310	175	135	0	0	0
Greece	125	70	55	0	0	0
Hungary	110	45	65	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	40	30	10	0	0	0
Italy	370	165	200	0	0	0
Netherlands	90	40	45	0	0	0
Poland	325	150	170	0	0	0
Portugal	260	115	145	0	0	0
Romania	85	50	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	195	80	120	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	55	25	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	120	45	75	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	790	340	445	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	465	200	265	0	0	0
Africa	835	410	430	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	110	45	65	0	0	0
Kenya	90	25	60	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	45	20	25	0	0	0
Somalia	15	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	130	65	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	410	220	190	0	0	0
Asia	48,710	22,065	26,645	0	0	0
Afghanistan	100	50	45	0	0	0
Bangladesh	255	135	120	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	14,815	6,710	8,110	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	7,225	3,260	3,965	0	0	0
India	7,820	3,710	4,105	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	270	140	130	0	0	0
Iraq	200	100	95	0	0	0
Japan	410	105	310	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	735	355	385	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	375	180	195	0	0	0
Philippines	9,485	3,980	5,495	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	545	270	275	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	1,385	620	765	0	0	0
Viet Nam	2,665	1,280	1,385	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	2,385	1,145	1,245	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	1,095	515	580	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,175	3,410	3,765	0	0	0
Americas	420	215	205	0	0	0
Brazil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	25	15	15	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	105	45	60	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	85	50	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	150	75	70	0	0	0
Europe	200	95	105	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	90	30	55	0	0	0
Africa	80	40	45	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	15	25	0	0	0
Asia	6,465	3,065	3,400	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,480	660	820	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	90	40	55	0	0	0
India	1,190	605	585	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Iraq	95	45	45	0	0	0
Israel	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	55	15	40	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	120	60	65	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	55	30	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	60	25	35	0	0	0
Philippines	2,770	1,330	1,445	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	35	15	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	60	25	35	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	175	80	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	150	70	80	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	101,260	48,870	52,395	445	220	220
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	60,615	27,755	32,860	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	28,845	15,105	13,740	0	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	11,805	6,010	5,795	440	225	220
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	45,140	20,400	24,740	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	22,885	10,610	12,275	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	9,255	4,640	4,610	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	13,630	5,965	7,660	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	17,290	7,125	10,165	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	4,055	2,275	1,780	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	910	390	525	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	101,265	48,870	52,395	445	225	225
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,355	640	720	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,305	620	680	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	900	405	495	15	0	10
Métis	400	220	185	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	99,905	48,230	51,675	425	215	210
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	101,265	48,870	52,395	445	225	225
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	690	315	375	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	100,575	48,560	52,015	445	225	220
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	101,260	48,870	52,395	450	225	220
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	300	155	145	20	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	290	155	140	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	255	135	115	20	10	10
Métis single ancestry	30	15	20	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,335	635	700	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,250	595	655	20	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	925	415	510	10	10	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	175	145	10	10	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	85	40	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	40	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	99,625	48,075	51,550	415	205	205
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	101,265	48,870	52,390	445	225	225
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	80,730	38,650	42,085	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	17,655	8,885	8,770	0	0	0
Chinese	39,005	18,560	20,440	0	0	0
Black	1,070	570	500	0	10	0
Filipino	11,680	5,235	6,445	0	0	0
Latin American	1,950	895	1,055	0	0	0
Arab	315	175	135	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	3,680	1,795	1,885	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	525	260	265	0	0	0
Korean	1,025	485	540	0	0	0
Japanese	1,085	435	655	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	285	140	145	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	2,460	1,210	1,245	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	20,535	10,220	10,310	445	220	220
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	101,265	48,870	52,395	445	225	225
North American Aboriginal origins	1,640	800	840	30	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,275	605	675	25	10	10
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	460	235	220	10	0	10
Other North American origins	6,945	3,660	3,285	365	185	180
Acadian	45	30	10	0	0	0
American	690	335	355	0	0	0
Canadian	6,370	3,360	3,015	340	175	170
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	10	10	25	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	22,470	11,040	11,430	125	60	65
British Isles origins	11,750	5,765	5,985	35	15	20
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	20	10	10	0	0	0
English	6,895	3,235	3,660	0	0	0
Irish	4,155	2,035	2,115	20	10	10
Manx	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	5,540	2,610	2,930	10	10	10
Welsh	630	290	335	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,040	545	495	0	0	0
French origins	2,970	1,400	1,570	120	50	65
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,970	1,395	1,570	120	55	65
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,320	2,605	2,715	0	0	0
Austrian	360	175	190	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	130	75	60	0	0	0
Dutch	1,130	610	515	0	0	0
Flemish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,885	1,860	2,025	0	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	180	85	95	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,030	950	1,080	0	0	0
Danish	370	145	225	0	0	0
Finnish	265	115	155	0	0	0
Icelandic	245	100	145	0	0	0
Norwegian	675	350	325	0	0	0
Swedish	655	315	335	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,735	2,225	2,505	15	10	0
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	50	15	30	0	0	0
Czech	190	105	80	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Estonian	70	25	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	475	235	235	0	0	0
Latvian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	1,380	635	740	10	10	0
Romanian	280	140	135	0	0	0
Russian	1,185	510	675	0	0	0
Slovak	125	75	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,585	755	830	10	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,470	2,705	2,765	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	345	165	185	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	390	235	155	0	0	0
Italian	1,740	860	880	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	25	20	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	780	395	385	0	0	0
Serbian	140	80	60	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Spanish	2,180	995	1,190	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	60	40	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	550	275	275	0	0	0
Basque	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	310	165	145	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	30	0	15	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	195	80	115	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	480	240	245	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	25	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	215	120	100	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	175	85	90	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,205	980	1,225	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	60	10	50	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	150	70	85	0	0	0
Chilean	125	50	75	0	0	0
Colombian	200	75	125	0	0	0
Costa Rican	55	40	25	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	185	80	105	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	70	35	35	0	0	0
Honduran	90	40	50	0	0	0
Maya	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mexican	515	200	310	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	90	45	45	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Salvadorean	360	170	185	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	90	40	50	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	115	65	55	0	0	0
African origins	1,370	730	640	10	0	0
Central and West African origins	235	125	110	0	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Guinean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Peulh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	40	25	15	0	0	0
North African origins	215	110	110	0	0	0
Algerian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	10	10	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sudanese	60	25	35	0	0	0
Tunisian	25	15	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	525	280	250	0	0	0
Afrikaner	20	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	40	25	15	0	0	0
Ethiopian	145	65	80	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	25	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	65	45	20	0	0	0
South African	140	65	75	0	0	0
Tanzanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tigrian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ugandan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	420	240	180	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	75	40	30	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	345	195	150	0	0	0
Asian origins	77,200	36,915	40,280	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,335	705	625	0	0	0
Afghan	200	125	80	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Armenian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	0	25	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	420	205	215	0	0	0
Iraqi	170	85	90	0	0	0
Israeli	30	10	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	110	60	55	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	40	30	10	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	20	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Palestinian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	50	15	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	40	20	15	0	0	0
Turk	90	65	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	15	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	17,540	8,840	8,695	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	205	110	100	0	0	0
Bengali	50	30	20	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	14,745	7,365	7,370	0	0	0
Goan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	35	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	115	70	40	0	0	0
Pakistani	500	250	250	0	0	0
Punjabi	1,575	805	775	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	550	295	260	0	0	0
Tamil	170	95	75	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	230	120	105	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	58,610	27,525	31,085	0	0	0
Burmese	170	90	70	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	205	85	120	0	0	0
Chinese	40,925	19,515	21,415	0	0	0
Filipino	12,510	5,600	6,915	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	145	70	80	0	0	0
Japanese	1,495	620	870	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,165	560	605	0	0	0
Laotian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	205	90	125	0	0	0
Mongolian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Singaporean	15	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwanese	735	340	395	0	0	0
Thai	150	50	100	0	0	0
Tibetan	80	40	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	3,570	1,735	1,835	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	100	35	65	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	100	35	65	0	0	0
Oceania origins	725	355	370	0	0	0
Australian	130	65	65	0	0	0
New Zealander	45	20	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	565	275	295	0	0	0
Fijian	515	250	265	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	34,980	...	...	185	...	...
Owner	20,350	...	...	165	...	...
Renter	14,625	...	...	25	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	34,980	...	...	185	...	...
Condominium	5,570	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	29,410	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	34,980	...	...	190	...	...
No bedrooms	525	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,370	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,150	...	...	40	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,005	...	...	55	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,930	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	34,980	...	...	185	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,380	...	...	35	...	...
5 rooms	5,015	...	...	35	...	...
6 rooms	4,040	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	3,465	...	...	30	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,080	...	...	60	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	34,980	...	...	190	...	...
One person or fewer per room	33,020	...	...	190	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,960	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	34,980	...	...	190	...	...
Suitable	31,400	...	...	185	...	...
Not suitable	3,580	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	34,980	...	...	190	...	...
1960 or before	5,550	...	...	90	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,115	...	...	45	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,750	...	...	25	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,420	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,590	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,245	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	34,980	...	...	185	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	32,910	...	...	180	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,075	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	34,985	...	...	190	...	...
1 household maintainer	19,060	...	...	115	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,205	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	2,720	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	34,980	...	...	190	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,010	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,885	...	...	25	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,705	...	...	40	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,845	...	...	20	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,405	...	...	65	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,915	...	...	25	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,030	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	1,185	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	34,925	...	...	185	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,210	...	...	165	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,710	...	...	25	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,760	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20,355	...	...	160	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	49.0	...	...	48.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	26.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	995	...	...	569	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,525	...	...	614	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,350,984	...	...	125,046	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,368,215	...	...	133,999	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,625	...	...	20	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,003	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,107	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	87,175	41,485	45,690	350	175	175
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,115	7,750	9,365	75	50	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	26,670	13,030	13,645	85	50	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,390	20,705	22,685	185	75	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,655	2,945	1,715	75	50	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,655	1,450	1,210	40	20	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,000	1,495	505	30	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,435	5,320	7,110	60	15	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,175	1,455	1,720	30	10	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	23,125	10,985	12,140	25	10	15
Bachelor's degree	16,670	7,730	8,940	25	10	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,475	625	845	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	500	225	275	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,910	2,090	1,820	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	575	315	265	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	56,045	26,715	29,340	250	125	120
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,925	3,235	3,690	45	40	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,840	7,355	7,490	40	20	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,285	16,125	18,160	160	60	100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,245	2,035	1,205	70	40	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,835	975	865	40	20	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,405	1,060	345	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,520	4,055	5,465	45	10	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,410	1,095	1,320	25	0	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,110	8,940	10,170	20	10	15
Bachelor's degree	13,650	6,285	7,360	20	0	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,210	500	710	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	390	160	225	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,415	1,755	1,655	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	445	230	215	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	87,180	41,485	45,690	350	175	170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	43,785	20,785	23,005	165	105	65
Education	2,455	630	1,825	20	0	20
13. Education	2,450	625	1,820	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,085	955	1,130	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	390	305	90	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,695	650	1,045	0	0	0
Humanities	2,855	1,140	1,715	15	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	365	85	275	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	690	215	475	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,150	440	715	10	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	85	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	170	105	60	0	0	0
54. History	285	190	95	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	60	15	45	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,220	1,990	3,230	15	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	145	35	105	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	525	220	305	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	810	110	705	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	615	210	400	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	20	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	855	260	590	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,185	1,130	1,050	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	10,100	4,260	5,840	40	10	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	15	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	335	110	220	10	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,740	4,140	5,600	35	10	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,175	1,125	1,040	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	865	390	480	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	625	320	310	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	0	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	610	405	205	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	15	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,295	1,495	795	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,915	1,290	625	0	0	10
25. Library science	100	20	75	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	245	170	80	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,210	6,405	805	50	45	10
04. Architecture and related services	390	270	120	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,695	2,230	460	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,300	1,150	150	10	10	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,075	1,040	40	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,330	1,320	20	10	0	0
48. Precision production	415	400	15	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	575	340	235	20	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	415	235	180	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	100	55	10	10	0
Health and related fields	6,460	1,505	4,950	15	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	395	260	130	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,940	1,205	4,740	20	0	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	45	85	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,955	850	1,110	0	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,505	485	1,020	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	120	80	40	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	315	270	50	0	0	0
Other	15	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	56,050	26,710	29,335	250	125	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	21,765	10,590	11,180	90	65	20
Education	1,800	450	1,350	15	0	20
13. Education	1,805	455	1,350	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,610	705	910	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	315	245	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,300	460	840	0	0	0
Humanities	2,250	870	1,375	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	285	65	220	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	575	190	385	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	905	330	580	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	105	65	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	120	80	40	0	0	0
54. History	215	140	80	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	35	10	25	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,140	1,580	2,565	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	115	35	85	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	415	165	245	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	575	70	500	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	515	175	335	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	10	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	665	195	465	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,785	930	860	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,330	3,435	4,895	35	0	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	15	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	280	95	180	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,030	3,320	4,710	35	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,620	820	800	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	710	300	405	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	460	225	235	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	400	285	120	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,000	1,305	690	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,695	1,140	550	0	0	0
25. Library science	80	15	55	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	195	130	70	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,545	4,895	650	45	40	0
04. Architecture and related services	285	200	80	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,275	1,860	415	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	960	845	115	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	810	790	25	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	935	920	15	10	10	0
48. Precision production	285	280	10	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	440	250	190	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	330	185	145	0	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	65	45	10	10	0
Health and related fields	5,115	1,205	3,915	15	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	290	185	105	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,735	990	3,745	20	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	20	65	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,420	600	820	0	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,070	325	750	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	90	55	30	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	250	210	40	0	0	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	10	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	87,175	41,490	45,690	350	180	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,790	20,785	23,005	165	100	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	43,385	20,705	22,685	185	75	115
Location of study inside Canada	27,095	13,310	13,785	185	75	110
Same as province or territory of residence	23,765	11,555	12,210	170	70	100
Different than province or territory of residence	3,335	1,755	1,580	15	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	16,295	7,395	8,900	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,010	555	450	0	0	0
Philippines	4,655	1,750	2,905	0	0	0
India	1,975	1,015	960	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	650	340	315	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	2,345	1,065	1,280	0	0	0
France	60	40	15	0	0	0
Other	5,600	2,630	2,965	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	56,050	26,710	29,340	250	125	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,765	10,590	11,175	85	65	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	34,280	16,120	18,160	160	60	100
Location of study inside Canada	21,710	10,660	11,055	160	60	100
Same as province or territory of residence	19,095	9,255	9,845	150	55	85
Different than province or territory of residence	2,615	1,405	1,210	15	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	12,570	5,465	7,110	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	780	405	375	0	0	0
Philippines	3,995	1,465	2,525	0	0	0
India	1,595	775	820	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	455	250	210	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,880	795	1,090	0	0	0
France	45	30	10	0	0	0
Other	3,820	1,745	2,080	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	87,175	41,485	45,695	350	175	175
In the labour force	54,530	28,085	26,445	210	115	95
Employed	51,390	26,450	24,945	195	105	90
Unemployed	3,140	1,635	1,500	15	10	0
Not in the labour force	32,645	13,400	19,245	140	60	75
Participation rate	62.6	67.7	57.9	60.0	65.7	54.3
Employment rate	59.0	63.8	54.6	55.7	60.0	51.4
Unemployment rate	5.8	5.8	5.7	7.1	8.7	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	87,175	41,485	45,690	350	175	175
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	31,055	12,930	18,130	115	55	60
Worked	56,120	28,560	27,560	235	125	110
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	24,405	13,505	10,900	110	60	50
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	31,715	15,060	16,660	120	65	60
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.2	40.9	40.7	42.1	39.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	54,530	28,085	26,445	210	115	95
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,115	570	545	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	53,410	27,510	25,900	205	110	95
Employee	47,635	23,760	23,870	190	100	90
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,785	3,755	2,030	20	10	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	54,530	28,085	26,445	210	115	95
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,120	575	545	0	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	53,410	27,515	25,900	210	110	95
0 Management occupations	4,455	2,840	1,620	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,445	2,850	5,595	30	0	30
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,405	2,775	630	0	10	0
3 Health occupations	3,570	850	2,725	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,925	1,490	3,440	35	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,875	995	875	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	17,720	7,985	9,730	50	25	15
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,415	6,150	255	45	45	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	610	430	175	20	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,000	1,140	860	0	0	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	54,530	28,085	26,445	210	115	95
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,115	575	545	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	53,410	27,510	25,900	205	110	95
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	475	285	190	30	25	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	125	90	35	0	0	0
22 Utilities	185	120	65	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,295	2,965	335	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,510	2,160	1,350	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,020	1,355	660	10	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	7,015	3,520	3,495	15	10	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,120	2,550	570	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,495	980	515	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,480	980	1,495	0	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,180	670	510	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,890	2,155	1,735	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	75	40	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,980	1,675	1,305	10	10	0
61 Educational services	3,385	1,300	2,090	20	0	20
62 Health care and social assistance	5,975	1,160	4,815	30	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,040	575	470	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	6,535	2,965	3,575	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,925	1,095	1,835	10	10	0
91 Public administration	1,715	890	830	20	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	51,390	26,445	24,945	195	105	95
Worked at home	2,635	1,400	1,235	20	0	10
Worked outside Canada	455	320	140	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,105	4,975	2,130	45	30	10
Worked at usual place	41,195	19,755	21,435	135	70	65
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	41,190	19,755	21,435	135	65	65
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,920	10,185	13,735	20	15	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	16,880	9,325	7,555	100	40	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	260	170	90	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	135	75	65	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	48,300	24,730	23,570	180	100	80
Car, truck, van - as a driver	28,180	16,720	11,460	155	85	70
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,625	930	1,695	0	0	0
Public transit	15,030	5,815	9,220	0	0	0
Walked	1,225	425	800	20	15	10
Bicycle	775	565	215	0	0	0
Other method	460	280	175	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	48,300	24,730	23,570	180	95	80
Less than 15 minutes	5,305	2,610	2,690	50	35	15
15 to 29 minutes	17,630	9,465	8,160	95	35	60
30 to 44 minutes	15,320	8,110	7,205	30	25	0
45 to 59 minutes	5,890	2,665	3,220	0	10	0
60 minutes and over	4,160	1,875	2,280	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	48,295	24,730	23,570	180	100	80
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,335	1,460	880	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,845	3,660	3,180	25	20	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,585	5,290	5,295	60	30	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,080	5,325	5,760	65	30	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	8,475	3,980	4,500	15	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,970	5,015	3,955	10	10	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	58,495	29,760	28,740	235	125	115
Single responses	56,310	28,670	27,635	225	110	115
Official languages	50,700	25,615	25,080	220	110	115
English	50,590	25,585	25,010	0	0	0
French	105	35	70	225	115	110
Non-official languages	5,615	3,055	2,555	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,610	3,055	2,555	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	230	100	125	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	230	105	125	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	55	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	630	405	225	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	530	340	185	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	525	345	180	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	15	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	495	325	170	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	35	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	30	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	95	50	45	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	55	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,415	2,370	2,045	0	0	0
Chinese languages	4,410	2,365	2,050	0	0	0
Cantonese	3,480	1,865	1,620	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	845	460	380	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	20	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,185	1,085	1,100	10	10	0
English and French	80	40	40	10	10	0
English and non-official language	2,080	1,035	1,050	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	58,500	29,760	28,740	235	120	110
None	50,515	25,755	24,760	210	115	100
English	1,930	1,010	925	20	15	10
French	215	80	135	0	0	0
Non-official language	5,640	2,810	2,830	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,640	2,805	2,830	0	0	0
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	115	65	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	30	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	100,400	48,445	51,950	445	225	220
Non-movers	86,185	41,400	44,790	400	195	205
Movers	14,210	7,050	7,165	45	30	20
Non-migrants	8,875	4,345	4,530	10	10	0
Migrants	5,335	2,705	2,635	30	15	15
Internal migrants	2,810	1,455	1,355	35	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	2,025	1,005	1,020	30	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	785	455	330	0	0	0
External migrants	2,520	1,245	1,280	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	96,745	46,510	50,235	440	220	220
Non-movers	60,695	29,010	31,680	315	160	155
Movers	36,050	17,495	18,555	125	60	65
Non-migrants	22,415	10,745	11,670	25	15	15
Migrants	13,635	6,750	6,885	100	45	50
Internal migrants	5,865	2,910	2,960	100	45	50
Intraprovincial migrants	4,385	2,095	2,290	95	45	50
Interprovincial migrants	1,485	810	670	0	0	0
External migrants	7,770	3,845	3,925	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Vancouver South [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vancouver South [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Vancouver South [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vancouver South [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec