Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kootenay Boundary, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Kootenay Boundary, RD British Columbia [Census division]			Varennes, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Kootenay Boundary, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : Kootenay Boundary, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	31,447	...	...	21,257	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	31,138	...	...	20,994	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.0	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	18,321	...	...	8,315	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	14,339	...	...	8,161	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	225.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,084.52	...	...	94.41	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	31,445	15,640	15,805	21,260	10,495	10,760
0 to 14 years	4,315	2,210	2,115	3,745	1,915	1,830
0 to 4 years	1,300	675	625	1,105	570	535
5 to 9 years	1,505	780	725	1,360	705	660
10 to 14 years	1,515	750	765	1,280	640	635
15 to 64 years	19,145	9,565	9,580	14,720	7,260	7,465
15 to 19 years	1,520	815	710	1,460	760	705
20 to 24 years	1,270	685	590	1,460	750	715
25 to 29 years	1,295	665	630	1,120	570	545
30 to 34 years	1,520	745	770	1,200	580	620
35 to 39 years	1,595	805	790	1,350	625	725
40 to 44 years	1,695	860	840	1,360	645	715
45 to 49 years	1,880	905	975	1,670	810	865
50 to 54 years	2,355	1,130	1,225	1,945	945	1,000
55 to 59 years	2,955	1,450	1,505	1,810	905	905
60 to 64 years	3,055	1,510	1,550	1,340	670	670
65 years and over	7,990	3,875	4,110	2,795	1,325	1,465
65 to 69 years	2,750	1,395	1,355	1,030	500	525
70 to 74 years	1,885	960	925	680	355	325
75 to 79 years	1,395	690	705	480	235	245
80 to 84 years	975	450	530	315	130	185
85 years and over	980	380	600	295	100	190
85 to 89 years	605	265	340	200	85	120
90 to 94 years	300	105	195	80	15	60
95 to 99 years	70	15	50	15	5	10
100 years and over	10	0	10	5	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.7	14.1	13.4	17.6	18.2	17.0
15 to 64 years	60.9	61.2	60.6	69.2	69.2	69.4
65 years and over	25.4	24.8	26.0	13.1	12.6	13.6
85 years and over	3.1	2.4	3.8	1.4	1.0	1.8
Average age of the population	47.0	46.3	47.7	39.6	39.0	40.2
Median age of the population	51.6	50.8	52.3	41.1	40.4	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	14,340	...	...	8,165	...	...
Single-detached house	11,425	...	...	5,145	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,170	...	...	3,010	...	...
Semi-detached house	295	...	...	680	...	...
Row house	370	...	...	135	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	265	...	...	180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,210	...	...	1,990	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	735	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	14,335	...	...	8,165	...	...
1 person	4,585	...	...	1,740	...	...
2 persons	6,040	...	...	2,930	...	...
3 persons	1,680	...	...	1,420	...	...
4 persons	1,440	...	...	1,505	...	...
5 or more persons	595	...	...	555	...	...
Number of persons in private households	30,675	...	...	20,845	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	27,130	13,435	13,695	17,515	8,585	8,930
Married or living common law	16,695	8,350	8,345	10,825	5,400	5,420
Married	13,505	6,750	6,750	5,910	2,950	2,960
Living common law	3,195	1,595	1,600	4,915	2,450	2,460
Not married and not living common law	10,435	5,085	5,350	6,690	3,185	3,505
Never married	5,520	3,250	2,270	4,965	2,600	2,365
Separated	825	415	415	180	90	95
Divorced	1,975	935	1,045	920	350	570
Widowed	2,110	495	1,625	630	145	480
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	9,445	...	...	6,315	...	...
2 persons	6,095	...	...	2,945	...	...
3 persons	1,540	...	...	1,405	...	...
4 persons	1,330	...	...	1,475	...	...
5 or more persons	485	...	...	485	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	9,445	...	...	6,315	...	...
Total couple families	8,185	...	...	5,330	...	...
Married couples	6,585	...	...	2,875	...	...
Common-law couples	1,595	...	...	2,450	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,265	...	...	985	...	...
Female parent	920	...	...	675	...	...
Male parent	345	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,180	...	...	5,330	...	...
Couples without children	5,295	...	...	2,390	...	...
Couples with children	2,890	...	...	2,935	...	...
1 child	1,175	...	...	1,050	...	...
2 children	1,255	...	...	1,410	...	...
3 or more children	460	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,265	...	...	980	...	...
1 child	800	...	...	550	...	...
2 children	365	...	...	360	...	...
3 or more children	100	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,975	3,025	2,955	2,300	1,080	1,225
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	14,340	...	...	8,160	...	...
One-census-family households	9,195	...	...	6,210	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,170	...	...	2,350	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,030	...	...	3,860	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	125	...	...	50	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,020	...	...	1,900	...	...
One-person households	4,590	...	...	1,740	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	430	...	...	155	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	31,035	15,505	15,530	21,120	10,455	10,660
English only	29,605	14,850	14,760	35	15	20
French only	5	5	5	11,080	5,070	6,010
English and French	1,375	640	745	9,985	5,365	4,620
Neither English nor French	40	20	25	15	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	31,035	15,510	15,530	21,120	10,455	10,660
English	30,610	15,285	15,325	380	180	200
French	365	190	175	20,630	10,215	10,415
English and French	25	15	15	95	50	45
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	15	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	375	195	180	430	210	220
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.3	1.2	2.0	2.0	2.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	31,035	15,510	15,530	21,120	10,455	10,660
Single responses	30,785	15,395	15,395	20,925	10,365	10,565
Official languages	28,365	14,335	14,030	20,500	10,125	10,380
English	27,960	14,120	13,840	310	140	165
French	405	215	190	20,190	9,980	10,210
Non-official languages	2,425	1,055	1,365	425	240	185
Aboriginal languages	15	5	5	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,410	1,050	1,355	425	235	190
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	90	60	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	0	80	50	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	80	50	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	5	5	5	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	100	25	75	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	5	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	15	65	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,020	890	1,125	235	135	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	720	295	425	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages	715	295	425	15	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Croatian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Czech	35	20	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	25	30	5	0	5
Russian	540	210	330	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	630	300	330	5	5	5
Afrikaans	35	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	140	65	70	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	405	185	220	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	90	45	50	5	0	5
Bengali	0	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	5	5	0	0
Hindi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	20	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	550	240	310	190	115	80
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	430	180	240	55	35	20
Portuguese	45	15	25	10	10	5
Romanian	5	0	5	25	15	10
Spanish	70	35	35	95	50	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	15	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	5	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	50	55	10	5	10
Chinese languages	100	40	55	15	5	5
Cantonese	65	30	35	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	10	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	35	35	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	20	15	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	245	115	135	190	95	95
English and French	40	20	20	120	65	60
English and non-official language	200	90	110	5	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	30
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	31,040	15,505	15,530	21,120	10,455	10,665
Single responses	30,645	15,350	15,295	20,865	10,325	10,540
Official languages	30,180	15,135	15,040	20,765	10,275	10,490
English	30,065	15,080	14,985	245	120	120
French	115	55	55	20,525	10,155	10,365
Non-official languages	465	210	250	100	50	50
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	460	215	250	100	50	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	140	165	60	35	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	35	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	20	35	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	45	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	25	15	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	15	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	50	65	55	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	25	50	5	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	30	20	10	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	10	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	35	35	5	0	5
Chinese languages	65	30	30	5	5	5
Cantonese	50	25	25	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	5	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	395	155	240	250	130	125
English and French	30	10	15	130	65	65
English and non-official language	355	140	220	5	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	110	55	50
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	31,035	15,505	15,530	21,115	10,455	10,660
None	29,650	14,915	14,730	19,535	9,635	9,905
English	315	150	165	1,140	600	540
French	210	100	110	165	85	80
Non-official language	840	335	510	210	110	100
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	840	335	505	205	105	105
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language	5	5	5	45	20	25
French and non-official language	15	5	10	20	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	26,380	13,165	13,215	17,105	8,420	8,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,585	12,850	12,735	16,470	8,110	8,365
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,708	42,028	24,821	43,537	51,328	37,488
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,600	12,855	12,740	16,480	8,110	8,370
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,865	37,085	23,452	37,205	42,766	32,674
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,995	11,755	11,245	15,675	7,815	7,865
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,227	37,520	19,469	39,741	49,242	32,994
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,745	8,605	10,130	10,970	4,740	6,225
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,047	10,946	8,113	5,237	4,218	5,931
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,430	9,765	8,670	13,595	6,905	6,685
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,057	35,226	19,392	40,829	49,482	35,276
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	26,380	13,185	13,195	17,105	8,420	8,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,655	12,910	12,740	16,460	8,115	8,345
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,850	51,539	32,031	51,856	61,200	42,767
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,670	12,925	12,750	16,460	8,120	8,345
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,391	42,423	28,261	41,531	47,925	35,311
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,095	11,750	11,345	15,630	7,790	7,835
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,951	49,458	28,068	49,322	59,495	39,201
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,645	8,570	10,070	10,970	4,785	6,180
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,349	9,856	8,917	7,556	6,915	8,052
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,435	9,815	8,625	13,595	6,830	6,760
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,411	45,842	27,820	48,927	57,431	40,332
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	26,385	13,190	13,195	17,105	8,420	8,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,555	3,890	2,665	6,455	3,405	3,055
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	58,517	71,281	44,416	57,450	65,979	49,529
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	62,962	72,412	49,161	66,674	77,767	54,311
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.8	87.1	78.2	90.3	93.3	86.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.4	67.9	58.5	77.6	79.3	75.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.2	12.9	21.8	9.7	6.7	13.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	26,380	13,170	13,210	17,105	8,420	8,685
Without total income	795	315	475	635	310	320
With total income	25,585	12,850	12,735	16,475	8,110	8,365
Percentage with total income	97.0	97.6	96.4	96.3	96.3	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,500	1,345	2,155	1,650	670	980
$10,000 to $19,999	4,770	1,805	2,970	2,200	880	1,320
$20,000 to $29,999	3,940	1,595	2,350	1,805	720	1,090
$30,000 to $39,999	3,050	1,430	1,615	1,835	770	1,060
$40,000 to $49,999	2,500	1,270	1,230	1,970	890	1,085
$50,000 to $59,999	1,895	1,115	780	1,655	805	850
$60,000 to $69,999	1,385	875	515	1,325	700	620
$70,000 to $79,999	1,060	690	370	1,110	645	470
$80,000 to $89,999	900	645	260	855	530	320
$90,000 to $99,999	750	580	175	560	370	190
$100,000 and over	1,825	1,510	315	1,510	1,130	380
$100,000 to $149,999	1,415	1,170	245	1,095	820	275
$150,000 and over	410	340	70	420	315	105
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	26,380	13,165	13,210	17,105	8,415	8,685
Without after-tax income	780	310	470	625	310	315
With after-tax income	25,600	12,855	12,745	16,480	8,110	8,370
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.6	96.5	96.3	96.4	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,650	1,415	2,235	1,750	690	1,060
$10,000 to $19,999	5,070	1,955	3,115	2,330	950	1,380
$20,000 to $29,999	4,550	1,865	2,685	2,305	930	1,375
$30,000 to $39,999	3,470	1,715	1,755	2,590	1,155	1,440
$40,000 to $49,999	2,700	1,500	1,195	2,365	1,160	1,205
$50,000 to $59,999	1,880	1,180	700	1,820	1,005	815
$60,000 to $69,999	1,315	890	425	1,340	800	540
$70,000 to $79,999	1,175	860	315	785	550	235
$80,000 and over	1,800	1,470	330	1,190	875	320
$80,000 to $89,999	675	550	120	435	320	115
$90,000 to $99,999	410	320	85	225	160	65
$100,000 and over	720	595	130	530	400	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	26,380	13,170	13,215	17,105	8,415	8,685
Without employment income	7,945	3,405	4,545	3,510	1,510	1,995
With employment income	18,435	9,765	8,670	13,595	6,905	6,690
Percentage with employment income	69.9	74.1	65.6	79.5	82.1	77.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,530	2,385	2,150	1,435	745	690
$5,000 to $9,999	1,410	585	835	905	385	525
$10,000 to $19,999	2,310	900	1,410	1,670	725	940
$20,000 to $29,999	1,765	690	1,070	1,280	515	770
$30,000 to $39,999	1,565	660	905	1,365	525	845
$40,000 to $49,999	1,275	565	705	1,385	585	795
$50,000 to $59,999	1,050	575	475	1,265	635	625
$60,000 to $69,999	950	605	345	985	540	445
$70,000 to $79,999	720	490	235	935	525	410
$80,000 and over	2,855	2,315	540	2,370	1,720	645
$80,000 to $89,999	770	545	225	655	440	210
$90,000 to $99,999	655	525	135	485	335	150
$100,000 and over	1,425	1,245	180	1,230	945	285
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	14,340	...	...	8,160	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,721	...	...	90,315	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,936	...	...	74,746	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,585	...	...	1,740	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,103	...	...	42,270	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,627	...	...	35,849	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	9,750	...	...	6,420	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,159	...	...	106,014	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,544	...	...	86,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	14,335	...	...	8,160	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,878	...	...	104,597	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,354	...	...	83,770	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,595	...	...	1,750	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,256	...	...	48,382	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,495	...	...	39,336	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	9,750	...	...	6,415	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,664	...	...	119,908	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,423	...	...	95,873	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	14,340	...	...	8,160	...	...
Under $5,000	245	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	185	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	520	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	710	...	...	165	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	815	...	...	215	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	625	...	...	190	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	725	...	...	240	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725	...	...	270	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	695	...	...	320	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	725	...	...	300	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,230	...	...	600	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,020	...	...	555	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	900	...	...	550	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	785	...	...	540	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	715	...	...	520	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,705	...	...	3,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,370	...	...	1,120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	905	...	...	905	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	920	...	...	905	...	...
$200,000 and over	510	...	...	650	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	14,340	...	...	8,160	...	...
Under $5,000	260	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	195	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	540	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	725	...	...	175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	915	...	...	255	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	770	...	...	235	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	875	...	...	330	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	835	...	...	365	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	860	...	...	390	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	760	...	...	365	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,360	...	...	790	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,120	...	...	720	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,050	...	...	675	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	840	...	...	675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	665	...	...	575	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,565	...	...	2,470	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,235	...	...	1,150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	670	...	...	640	...	...
$150,000 and over	655	...	...	680	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	9,420	...	...	6,315	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,035	...	...	106,187	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,333	...	...	86,644	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,100	...	...	2,310	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,666	...	...	88,690	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,913	...	...	73,096	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,920	...	...	2,945	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,664	...	...	135,633	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,219	...	...	109,036	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,205	...	...	960	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,037	...	...	68,352	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,439	...	...	58,778	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	9,445	...	...	6,320	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,045	...	...	120,091	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,838	...	...	95,926	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,105	...	...	2,335	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,575	...	...	103,193	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,569	...	...	82,199	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,900	...	...	2,930	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,119	...	...	147,118	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,298	...	...	116,743	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,230	...	...	985	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,990	...	...	81,394	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,478	...	...	67,484	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,570	2,840	2,730	2,050	980	1,070
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,727	32,742	26,955	40,602	45,568	36,437
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,688	29,312	25,187	34,867	38,254	32,043
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,530	2,870	2,660	2,050	995	1,045
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,653	42,506	34,494	46,111	52,305	40,205
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,035	35,338	30,549	37,711	41,717	33,891
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	30,675	15,360	15,315	20,845	10,330	10,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	16,520	7,980	8,545	7,405	3,495	3,910
In the bottom decile	3,365	1,635	1,730	575	275	305
In the second decile	3,495	1,625	1,875	1,115	500	625
In the third decile	3,305	1,520	1,785	1,570	725	840
In the fourth decile	3,145	1,560	1,585	1,885	915	970
In the fifth decile	3,215	1,640	1,580	2,255	1,085	1,170
In the top half of the distribution	14,150	7,380	6,765	13,445	6,840	6,605
In the sixth decile	2,995	1,535	1,460	2,600	1,295	1,305
In the seventh decile	3,120	1,605	1,510	3,045	1,530	1,510
In the eighth decile	2,875	1,500	1,375	3,100	1,580	1,520
In the ninth decile	2,905	1,530	1,380	2,730	1,405	1,325
In the top decile	2,250	1,205	1,040	1,965	1,025	940
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	30,675	15,360	15,310	20,850	10,335	10,515
0 to 17 years	5,255	2,695	2,555	4,555	2,325	2,235
0 to 5 years	1,560	810	755	1,410	735	675
18 to 64 years	17,985	8,955	9,035	13,895	6,845	7,050
65 years and over	7,430	3,710	3,720	2,395	1,165	1,230
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,005	2,365	2,635	1,035	465	570
0 to 17 years	980	485	495	225	125	100
0 to 5 years	285	145	140	60	35	30
18 to 64 years	2,855	1,340	1,515	565	255	310
65 years and over	1,170	540	625	245	85	160
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.3	15.4	17.2	5.0	4.5	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	18.6	18.0	19.4	4.9	5.4	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	18.3	17.9	18.5	4.3	4.8	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	15.9	15.0	16.8	4.1	3.7	4.4
65 years and over (%)	15.7	14.6	16.8	10.2	7.3	13.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,020	1,005	1,010	350	170	180
0 to 17 years	365	145	215	75	35	35
0 to 5 years	110	50	65	20	10	5
18 to 64 years	1,505	770	735	250	120	130
65 years and over	150	90	65	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.6	6.5	6.6	1.7	1.6	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	6.9	5.4	8.4	1.6	1.5	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	7.1	6.2	8.6	1.4	1.4	0.7
18 to 64 years (%)	8.4	8.6	8.1	1.8	1.8	1.8
65 years and over (%)	2.0	2.4	1.7	1.0	0.9	1.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	30,675	15,360	15,310	20,850	10,335	10,515
Official languages	30,640	15,340	15,300	20,830	10,325	10,505
English	30,635	15,340	15,295	9,940	5,300	4,640
French	1,280	555	730	20,785	10,300	10,480
Non-official languages	3,345	1,450	1,890	1,320	650	675
Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,335	1,450	1,885	1,320	645	675
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	115	70	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	105	60	40
Amharic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	15	0	15	105	65	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	125	20	110	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	0	45	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	20	75	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	0	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,810	1,295	1,515	1,015	510	510
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	815	350	465	15	0	10
Baltic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	810	350	460	15	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	20	15	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	25	0	0	0
Russian	655	270	390	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	30	35	0	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	900	425	475	65	40	30
Afrikaans	55	25	30	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	160	80	75	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	675	315	360	55	30	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	0	10	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	85	60	30	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	70	40	30	10	10	10
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	45	30	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	15	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,085	495	585	925	455	465
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	585	265	320	185	120	60
Portuguese	90	40	50	25	15	10
Romanian	10	0	0	35	20	10
Spanish	415	200	210	705	320	380
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	20	35	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	10	25	65	30	35
Akan (Twi)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ga	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	60	30	30
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sign languages	60	15	45	35	10	30
American Sign Language	50	10	40	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	25
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	45	80	15	10	10
Chinese languages	100	30	80	15	0	10
Cantonese	70	20	50	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	0	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	20	10	0	0	0
Burmese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	15	10	0	10
Lao	10	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	15	10	15	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	85	35	55	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	10	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	30,675	15,360	15,315	20,850	10,335	10,515
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	29,820	14,945	14,875	20,640	10,240	10,405
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,185	2,665	2,520	4,565	2,320	2,245
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	24,630	12,280	12,355	16,080	7,920	8,160
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	855	415	435	205	95	115
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	30,670	15,360	15,315	20,845	10,335	10,515
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	27,405	13,775	13,625	20,055	9,920	10,135
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,110	1,470	1,640	780	405	375
Before 1981	1,885	910	975	245	135	110
1981 to 1990	275	130	145	65	35	30
1991 to 2000	330	155	170	140	75	60
2001 to 2010	385	165	220	220	110	115
2001 to 2005	175	80	100	105	55	55
2006 to 2010	210	90	120	120	55	65
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	235	110	125	110	50	55
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	155	110	50	20	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,110	1,470	1,640	780	405	370
Under 5 years	525	260	265	130	60	70
5 to 14 years	590	305	295	145	70	70
15 to 24 years	735	320	415	180	130	50
25 to 44 years	1,090	530	565	285	135	150
45 years and over	165	65	105	40	15	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,115	1,470	1,640	775	405	375
Americas	635	255	380	160	75	85
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guyana	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	25	15	15
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	0	15	0	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	30	20	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	555	220	340	35	15	15
Other places of birth in Americas	35	20	10	45	20	25
Europe	1,810	925	885	290	155	130
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	170	90	80
Germany	265	120	145	20	10	15
Greece	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungary	30	15	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Italy	315	150	170	35	25	10
Netherlands	160	105	60	0	0	0
Poland	45	30	15	0	0	0
Portugal	40	25	15	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	30	20	10
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	665	345	325	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	210	110	100	30	15	10
Africa	140	75	65	200	120	80
Algeria	0	0	0	45	25	20
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	10	0
Morocco	10	0	10	55	30	25
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	95	50	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	20	95	55	40
Asia	365	125	240	120	45	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	70	15	55	45	0	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	10	0	0	0
India	60	35	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	20	10	0	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	110	15	95	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	10	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	15	40	40	15	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	160	85	70	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	240	115	120	105	50	55
Americas	35	15	20	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	45	25	15	60	25	30
France	0	0	0	45	20	25
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	55	25	30	30	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	10	25	10	15
Asia	80	30	50	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	10	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	0	20	10	10	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	10	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Australia	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	30,675	15,360	15,315	20,850	10,330	10,515
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,445	1,670	1,780	870	450	415
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,915	2,885	3,040	980	545	430
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	21,305	10,810	10,495	19,005	9,335	9,665
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,265	580	685	550	275	270
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	620	320	295	280	145	130
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	255	165	90	140	80	60
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	360	155	205	135	70	75
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	545	205	345	230	110	120
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	80	50	35	30	15	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	30,675	15,360	15,315	20,850	10,335	10,515
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,995	995	995	135	75	65
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,865	940	925	125	65	65
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	680	355	330	40	25	15
Métis	1,160	570	590	80	35	45
Inuk (Inuit)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	110	55	55	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	10	15	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	28,680	14,365	14,320	20,710	10,265	10,450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	30,670	15,360	15,315	20,850	10,335	10,515
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	345	205	145	55	40	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	30,325	15,160	15,170	20,790	10,290	10,495
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	30,675	15,360	15,315	20,850	10,335	10,515
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	250	100	145	100	65	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	200	85	120	100	65	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	105	35	65	60	50	10
Métis single ancestry	100	45	55	35	20	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	45	15	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	45	20	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,145	1,045	1,105	585	280	300
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,040	1,015	1,025	585	285	305
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,145	570	575	495	240	255
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	855	425	435	85	40	50
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	20	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	105	30	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	25	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	28,275	14,215	14,065	20,165	9,985	10,180
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	30,670	15,360	15,315	20,850	10,335	10,515
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,065	440	625	670	365	305
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	110	55	55	30	15	15
Chinese	190	80	115	70	15	55
Black	170	120	55	205	105	95
Filipino	190	25	160	0	0	0
Latin American	55	20	35	120	70	50
Arab	10	10	0	100	70	25
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	85	15	65	25	20	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	10	10	0
Japanese	145	50	95	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	20	10	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	20	15	80	50	35
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	29,610	14,920	14,685	20,175	9,970	10,210
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	30,675	15,355	15,315	20,850	10,335	10,515
North American Aboriginal origins	2,395	1,140	1,250	685	345	335
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,400	655	745	555	290	260
Inuit	40	25	15	10	0	0
Métis	1,110	515	590	130	55	70
Other North American origins	8,355	4,255	4,095	15,520	7,650	7,870
Acadian	45	30	20	145	75	75
American	745	380	365	100	50	50
Canadian	7,750	3,955	3,795	14,950	7,370	7,580
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	525	255	275
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	26,635	13,285	13,345	7,965	4,000	3,970
British Isles origins	18,255	9,225	9,035	1,510	720	790
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	11,150	5,560	5,595	270	130	140
Irish	6,085	2,995	3,085	1,075	470	605
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	8,015	3,940	4,070	335	185	145
Welsh	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	800	390	405	10	10	10
French origins	3,830	1,785	2,040	6,095	3,065	3,030
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	60	40	25
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,825	1,785	2,045	6,040	3,035	3,005
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,615	3,625	3,990	715	315	400
Austrian	395	165	230	35	20	20
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	205	95	115	255	125	135
Dutch	1,875	980	895	40	20	15
Flemish	15	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	5,480	2,535	2,955	335	125	210
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	265	125	135	60	35	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,605	1,675	1,935	25	15	10
Danish	450	230	220	0	0	0
Finnish	240	110	130	0	0	0
Icelandic	350	165	185	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,485	720	765	20	10	10
Swedish	1,270	550	720	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	150	60	95	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	6,035	2,935	3,100	240	140	105
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	170	95	75	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	105	50	55	10	0	10
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	485	225	260	25	10	10
Latvian	45	30	10	10	0	0
Lithuanian	25	15	10	0	10	0
Moldovan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Polish	1,150	570	580	80	45	40
Romanian	205	115	95	40	25	15
Russian	2,395	1,140	1,255	25	10	10
Slovak	75	45	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,155	1,065	1,095	65	50	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,070	2,025	2,045	900	470	430
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	15	35	50	20	30
Italian	3,415	1,715	1,705	715	390	330
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	175	90	90	70	35	35
Serbian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	35	15	20
Slovenian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Spanish	170	75	95	90	45	50
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	95	55	45	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	300	145	155	15	15	0
Basque	0	10	0	10	10	0
Jewish	115	50	65	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	135	60	65	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	120	65	60	145	80	60
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	20	20	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	105	60	45
Jamaican	75	35	40	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	15	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	10	0	10	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	100	50	45	220	135	90
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	10	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	30	10	25	45	25	20
Nicaraguan	10	0	0	10	0	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	45	35	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	30	25	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	170	100	70	335	190	150
Central and West African origins	15	10	10	75	45	35
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	15	15	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	10	210	120	85
Algerian	0	0	0	50	40	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	15	0	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	100	70	35
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	45	10	35
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	25	15	10	15	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	120	70	45	40	10	25
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	115	75	35	40	15	25
Asian origins	930	360	575	310	135	170
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	70	45	20	150	70	80
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	40	15	30
Assyrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	35	25	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	0	70	30	30
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	25	15	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	125	60	60	35	10	25
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	105	55	55	20	10	15
Goan	0	0	0	15	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	740	250	490	120	50	75
Burmese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	205	80	125	70	25	50
Filipino	240	60	185	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	165	55	110	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	20	10	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	15	0	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	25	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	0	30	20	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	205	120	90	0	0	0
Australian	130	85	45	0	0	0
New Zealander	65	30	35	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	35	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	14,340	...	...	8,160	...	...
Owner	11,510	...	...	6,560	...	...
Renter	2,825	...	...	1,605	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	14,340	...	...	8,165	...	...
Condominium	500	...	...	960	...	...
Not condominium	13,840	...	...	7,205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	14,340	...	...	8,160	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,120	...	...	475	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,795	...	...	1,860	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,610	...	...	3,565	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,775	...	...	2,250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	14,340	...	...	8,165	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,510	...	...	1,515	...	...
5 rooms	2,290	...	...	1,080	...	...
6 rooms	2,310	...	...	990	...	...
7 rooms	2,075	...	...	1,285	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,145	...	...	3,290	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	14,335	...	...	8,160	...	...
One person or fewer per room	14,285	...	...	8,145	...	...
More than 1 person per room	55	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	14,340	...	...	8,160	...	...
Suitable	14,020	...	...	8,065	...	...
Not suitable	320	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	14,340	...	...	8,160	...	...
1960 or before	5,730	...	...	755	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,160	...	...	1,780	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,295	...	...	2,255	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,620	...	...	2,120	...	...
2001 to 2005	465	...	...	600	...	...
2006 to 2010	700	...	...	260	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	380	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	14,335	...	...	8,160	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	12,945	...	...	7,915	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,400	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	14,340	...	...	8,160	...	...
1 household maintainer	9,060	...	...	4,240	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,075	...	...	3,845	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	205	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	14,340	...	...	8,160	...	...
15 to 24 years	295	...	...	155	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,315	...	...	1,035	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,855	...	...	1,540	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,360	...	...	2,100	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,525	...	...	1,835	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,005	...	...	1,050	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,470	...	...	375	...	...
85 years and over	520	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	14,055	...	...	8,130	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	11,425	...	...	7,155	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,625	...	...	970	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,270	...	...	900	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,255	...	...	6,525	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	50.4	...	...	66.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.3	...	...	8.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	646	...	...	1,118	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	861	...	...	1,152	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,575	...	...	299,844	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	284,973	...	...	320,677	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,815	...	...	1,605	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.6	...	...	3.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.1	...	...	27.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	750	...	...	786	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	801	...	...	822	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	26,380	13,190	13,195	17,105	8,420	8,690
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,705	2,405	2,300	2,365	1,320	1,045
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,455	3,435	4,025	3,860	1,865	1,990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,220	7,350	6,875	10,880	5,230	5,650
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,910	3,175	735	2,890	1,705	1,190
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,215	760	460	2,060	1,060	1,000
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,690	2,415	280	835	645	190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,000	2,285	3,720	3,935	1,860	2,080
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	825	235	595	725	315	410
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,480	1,655	1,825	3,320	1,355	1,970
Bachelor's degree	2,215	1,015	1,205	2,400	910	1,485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	235	85	145	300	95	205
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	95	110	55	25	35
Master's degree	720	380	340	515	285	230
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	110	85	25	60	35	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,165	7,965	8,200	11,765	5,665	6,100
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,720	905	815	830	510	320
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,480	2,110	2,370	2,170	1,045	1,125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,965	4,955	5,010	8,765	4,115	4,655
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,515	2,020	495	2,265	1,285	975
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	800	490	305	1,650	820	830
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,715	1,530	190	615	465	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,360	1,660	2,695	2,980	1,405	1,575
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	510	160	345	565	235	330
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,580	1,110	1,470	2,955	1,185	1,775
Bachelor's degree	1,670	705	965	2,135	810	1,320
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170	55	115	250	70	180
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	165	70	100	40	10	35
Master's degree	500	235	265	470	255	215
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	50	25	55	30	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	26,380	13,185	13,195	17,105	8,420	8,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,160	5,840	6,320	6,225	3,190	3,040
Education	1,080	325	755	810	140	670
13. Education	1,080	325	755	815	135	670
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	365	170	185	345	175	170
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	65	40	105	75	25
50. Visual and performing arts	255	105	150	240	95	145
Humanities	385	180	195	440	180	260
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	20	35	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	90	30	60	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	35	310	135	175
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	65	45	20	15	10
54. History	65	35	30	35	15	15
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	0	30	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	795	215	575	770	185	585
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	10	55	125	15	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	240	15	220	155	10	150
22. Legal professions and studies	115	20	90	115	25	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	10	15	10	10
42. Psychology	150	55	95	165	50	110
45. Social sciences	205	115	90	190	80	110
Business, management and public administration	2,425	675	1,750	2,940	1,085	1,850
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	215	30	185	120	20	95
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,205	645	1,560	2,820	1,070	1,750
Physical and life sciences and technologies	355	205	150	360	215	145
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	125	55	70	115	50	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	25	55	35	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	55	20	30
40. Physical sciences	125	90	40	90	65	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	35	15	55	45	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	140	110	430	280	150
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	130	85	370	265	105
25. Library science	30	10	25	15	10	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	0	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,395	4,150	240	2,420	2,205	210
04. Architecture and related services	50	30	20	85	40	50
14. Engineering	445	380	60	370	320	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	640	575	60	680	615	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,270	1,250	25	490	465	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,390	1,335	50	520	510	10
48. Precision production	595	580	20	280	265	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	495	280	210	115	65	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	165	55	110	100	50	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	325	225	100	20	15	0
Health and related fields	2,665	460	2,210	1,380	250	1,130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	55	95	75	35	35
51. Health professions and related programs	2,435	360	2,080	1,295	205	1,090
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	40	40	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,025	535	480	865	445	425
12. Personal and culinary services	655	190	465	405	75	330
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	120	110	0	285	195	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	240	235	0	165	165	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,165	7,970	8,200	11,765	5,660	6,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,205	3,015	3,190	3,000	1,550	1,445
Education	635	150	485	630	100	525
13. Education	640	150	485	625	100	530
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	235	100	135	285	140	140
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	40	30	85	55	25
50. Visual and performing arts	170	60	105	200	85	115
Humanities	265	125	135	315	135	180
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	10	15	30	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	65	20	50	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	25	210	95	115
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	50	20	20	15	0
54. History	45	25	20	20	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	640	145	495	615	140	475
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	0	50	95	10	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	215	20	195	140	10	135
22. Legal professions and studies	95	15	85	80	20	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	115	50	65	140	40	105
45. Social sciences	150	65	80	150	70	85
Business, management and public administration	1,685	455	1,235	2,485	905	1,575
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	20	155	100	10	90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,515	435	1,080	2,380	895	1,485
Physical and life sciences and technologies	270	150	120	250	155	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	40	60	90	30	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	25	25	35	25	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	80	50	30	85	65	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	35	10	35	30	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	190	110	80	355	220	140
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	105	65	320	210	110
25. Library science	20	0	15	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	25	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,910	2,700	215	1,880	1,710	170
04. Architecture and related services	40	20	15	55	25	30
14. Engineering	320	255	65	320	280	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	420	360	60	565	505	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	795	785	10	355	340	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	955	915	45	370	365	10
48. Precision production	385	365	20	220	200	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	360	210	145	90	55	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	35	60	75	45	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	265	175	85	15	10	10
Health and related fields	1,955	360	1,595	1,130	180	950
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	130	40	90	60	30	35
51. Health professions and related programs	1,755	285	1,470	1,065	150	910
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	35	35	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	820	450	370	735	370	360
12. Personal and culinary services	515	165	355	355	65	290
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	85	75	10	220	150	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	205	200	10	145	145	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	26,380	13,185	13,195	17,105	8,420	8,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,165	5,840	6,325	6,225	3,190	3,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,220	7,350	6,870	10,880	5,230	5,645
Location of study inside Canada	12,725	6,555	6,170	10,590	5,060	5,530
Same as province or territory of residence	9,605	4,865	4,735	10,465	4,995	5,470
Different than province or territory of residence	3,125	1,685	1,440	125	65	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,490	795	700	285	165	120
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	585	355	230	30	20	10
Philippines	55	10	50	0	0	0
India	30	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	215	85	125	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	125	85	40
Other	595	330	265	130	60	65
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,170	7,970	8,200	11,760	5,665	6,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,200	3,015	3,190	3,000	1,555	1,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,965	4,955	5,010	8,765	4,110	4,655
Location of study inside Canada	9,060	4,510	4,545	8,545	3,995	4,550
Same as province or territory of residence	6,815	3,350	3,465	8,445	3,935	4,510
Different than province or territory of residence	2,245	1,165	1,080	95	55	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	905	445	465	225	120	105
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	340	185	150	30	20	0
Philippines	45	10	40	0	0	0
India	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	35	60	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	95	60	30
Other	395	205	195	95	35	60
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	26,380	13,185	13,195	17,105	8,420	8,685
In the labour force	14,615	7,725	6,890	12,535	6,290	6,245
Employed	13,470	7,050	6,420	12,045	6,015	6,035
Unemployed	1,150	675	475	485	275	210
Not in the labour force	11,770	5,460	6,305	4,575	2,130	2,440
Participation rate	55.4	58.6	52.2	73.3	74.7	71.9
Employment rate	51.1	53.5	48.7	70.4	71.4	69.5
Unemployment rate	7.9	8.7	6.9	3.9	4.4	3.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	26,385	13,190	13,190	17,105	8,420	8,685
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10,270	4,725	5,550	4,035	1,855	2,180
Worked	16,110	8,465	7,645	13,070	6,570	6,505
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,750	3,980	2,765	6,560	3,480	3,080
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	9,360	4,480	4,875	6,515	3,085	3,430
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.0	40.3	39.7	43.7	43.8	43.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	14,615	7,725	6,890	12,530	6,290	6,245
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	225	90	130	140	70	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	14,395	7,635	6,760	12,390	6,215	6,170
Employee	12,225	6,415	5,810	11,060	5,395	5,665
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,165	1,220	945	1,330	820	510
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	14,615	7,725	6,885	12,530	6,290	6,245
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	225	90	135	140	70	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	14,395	7,635	6,755	12,390	6,215	6,170
0 Management occupations	1,510	850	660	1,385	885	495
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,795	360	1,430	2,365	655	1,715
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	770	600	170	925	710	220
3 Health occupations	1,205	240	965	885	135	750
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,320	345	975	1,545	425	1,120
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	375	160	215	340	165	175
6 Sales and service occupations	3,165	1,175	1,995	2,595	1,115	1,480
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,720	2,590	125	1,745	1,660	90
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	615	460	150	110	80	35
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	920	855	65	485	385	100
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	14,615	7,725	6,890	12,535	6,290	6,245
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	225	90	135	145	70	65
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	14,390	7,640	6,755	12,390	6,215	6,175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	805	530	270	75	50	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	210	200	15	30	25	0
22 Utilities	230	140	85	205	155	50
23 Construction	1,320	1,145	175	775	680	90
31-33 Manufacturing	1,910	1,640	275	1,470	1,090	385
41 Wholesale trade	250	205	45	615	395	220
44-45 Retail trade	1,805	760	1,050	1,650	765	885
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	405	270	130	545	400	140
51 Information and cultural industries	170	85	85	335	190	145
52 Finance and insurance	415	105	315	560	195	370
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	200	100	105	130	75	60
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	675	335	340	770	370	400
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	20	15	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	575	310	265	545	310	235
61 Educational services	920	235	690	1,035	270	765
62 Health care and social assistance	1,955	335	1,620	1,500	240	1,255
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	340	150	190	195	110	85
72 Accommodation and food services	925	390	540	565	255	320
81 Other services (except public administration)	665	295	365	620	255	370
91 Public administration	595	400	195	745	390	350
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	13,470	7,050	6,415	12,050	6,015	6,035
Worked at home	1,310	615	700	615	310	305
Worked outside Canada	40	25	20	15	15	0
No fixed workplace address	1,665	1,235	435	925	735	195
Worked at usual place	10,450	5,185	5,265	10,485	4,950	5,530
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	10,450	5,180	5,265	10,485	4,950	5,530
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,265	2,025	2,240	2,615	1,270	1,350
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,805	2,430	2,380	455	230	220
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,235	625	610	7,415	3,455	3,965
Commute to a different province or territory	140	105	40	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	12,120	6,420	5,700	11,410	5,685	5,725
Car, truck, van - as a driver	10,055	5,365	4,690	9,575	4,955	4,620
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	550	245	310	370	140	235
Public transit	160	90	70	900	350	550
Walked	990	485	510	355	145	210
Bicycle	180	125	55	140	65	80
Other method	190	115	75	70	35	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	12,120	6,420	5,700	11,415	5,685	5,730
Less than 15 minutes	6,315	3,090	3,225	2,765	1,300	1,470
15 to 29 minutes	4,005	2,225	1,785	4,220	2,095	2,130
30 to 44 minutes	970	545	420	2,410	1,275	1,125
45 to 59 minutes	315	200	115	1,135	550	585
60 minutes and over	520	360	160	880	465	415
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	12,120	6,420	5,705	11,415	5,685	5,730
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,155	890	270	1,075	865	210
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,615	1,795	820	2,175	1,300	875
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,990	1,395	1,600	3,730	1,685	2,040
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,230	735	1,495	1,995	610	1,385
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,175	410	770	920	380	535
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,950	1,200	750	1,520	845	675
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	16,715	8,835	7,880	13,300	6,680	6,615
Single responses	16,670	8,820	7,850	12,805	6,445	6,360
Official languages	16,645	8,800	7,845	12,805	6,450	6,360
English	16,620	8,800	7,820	405	255	145
French	25	0	30	12,405	6,195	6,215
Non-official languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	20	25	490	235	260
English and French	10	10	10	475	235	245
English and non-official language	40	15	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	16,715	8,835	7,875	13,300	6,685	6,615
None	16,370	8,670	7,700	9,615	4,635	4,980
English	30	15	15	3,330	1,830	1,495
French	160	75	85	325	200	125
Non-official language	145	70	75	10	0	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	145	70	70	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	30,440	15,240	15,205	20,655	10,245	10,410
Non-movers	26,280	13,135	13,140	18,615	9,280	9,330
Movers	4,160	2,100	2,060	2,040	965	1,080
Non-migrants	1,905	970	930	995	475	520
Migrants	2,255	1,130	1,125	1,045	485	560
Internal migrants	2,180	1,090	1,090	1,040	485	555
Intraprovincial migrants	1,510	735	780	1,005	470	535
Interprovincial migrants	670	360	315	35	15	20
External migrants	80	45	35	10	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	29,405	14,685	14,720	19,725	9,780	9,940
Non-movers	19,610	9,645	9,965	13,965	7,040	6,925
Movers	9,795	5,040	4,760	5,755	2,740	3,015
Non-migrants	3,980	2,100	1,885	2,900	1,405	1,500
Migrants	5,815	2,940	2,875	2,855	1,340	1,520
Internal migrants	5,420	2,745	2,675	2,735	1,290	1,445
Intraprovincial migrants	3,990	2,020	1,970	2,710	1,275	1,435
Interprovincial migrants	1,425	720	710	30	15	10
External migrants	395	200	195	120	50	70

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Kootenay Boundary, RD [Census division], British Columbia and Varennes, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 20, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kootenay Boundary, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Kootenay Boundary, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kootenay Boundary, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec