Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rossland, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Chilliwack, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Rossland, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Chilliwack, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Rossland, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Rossland, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Chilliwack, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	3,729	...	...	83,788	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	3,556	...	...	77,936	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.9	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,949	...	...	34,038	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,591	...	...	32,440	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	62.4	...	...	320.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	59.79	...	...	261.65	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	3,730	1,930	1,800	83,790	40,955	42,835
0 to 14 years	695	370	325	15,910	8,175	7,730
0 to 4 years	230	130	100	5,065	2,600	2,470
5 to 9 years	230	125	105	5,525	2,850	2,675
10 to 14 years	235	110	125	5,320	2,730	2,585
15 to 64 years	2,555	1,305	1,250	52,695	25,775	26,925
15 to 19 years	210	110	100	5,220	2,630	2,585
20 to 24 years	140	75	65	4,855	2,525	2,330
25 to 29 years	200	95	105	4,600	2,250	2,350
30 to 34 years	255	125	130	5,235	2,580	2,650
35 to 39 years	300	160	140	4,830	2,285	2,540
40 to 44 years	305	160	140	5,165	2,485	2,680
45 to 49 years	285	145	140	5,545	2,700	2,850
50 to 54 years	235	120	115	6,170	3,015	3,155
55 to 59 years	305	150	155	5,885	2,860	3,030
60 to 64 years	320	165	160	5,200	2,445	2,755
65 years and over	480	255	225	15,180	7,005	8,180
65 to 69 years	185	110	80	4,700	2,270	2,435
70 to 74 years	115	60	60	3,580	1,750	1,830
75 to 79 years	85	45	40	2,755	1,280	1,480
80 to 84 years	45	25	25	2,020	935	1,090
85 years and over	45	15	25	2,115	770	1,345
85 to 89 years	20	5	10	1,335	530	800
90 to 94 years	20	5	10	610	190	420
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	145	40	105
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.6	19.2	18.1	19.0	20.0	18.0
15 to 64 years	68.5	67.6	69.4	62.9	62.9	62.9
65 years and over	12.9	13.2	12.5	18.1	17.1	19.1
85 years and over	1.2	0.8	1.4	2.5	1.9	3.1
Average age of the population	40.0	39.7	40.3	40.8	39.8	41.7
Median age of the population	41.1	41.1	41.2	41.3	40.1	42.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
Single-detached house	1,295	...	...	18,085	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	255	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	250	...	...	13,765	...	...
Semi-detached house	20	...	...	1,210	...	...
Row house	25	...	...	4,680	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25	...	...	1,525	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	175	...	...	6,315	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	35	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	40	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
1 person	445	...	...	8,420	...	...
2 persons	585	...	...	11,630	...	...
3 persons	235	...	...	4,635	...	...
4 persons	250	...	...	4,385	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	3,370	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,720	...	...	82,210	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	3,040	1,560	1,480	67,880	32,775	35,105
Married or living common law	1,960	980	980	40,445	20,220	20,220
Married	1,495	745	745	34,200	17,120	17,080
Living common law	465	235	235	6,250	3,105	3,145
Not married and not living common law	1,080	580	500	27,430	12,555	14,880
Never married	705	420	285	16,310	8,880	7,425
Separated	85	45	40	2,180	940	1,245
Divorced	175	80	95	4,710	1,790	2,920
Widowed	115	35	80	4,235	945	3,290
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,100	...	...	23,680	...	...
2 persons	570	...	...	12,520	...	...
3 persons	225	...	...	4,515	...	...
4 persons	245	...	...	4,255	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...	2,395	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,100	...	...	23,680	...	...
Total couple families	965	...	...	19,830	...	...
Married couples	735	...	...	16,705	...	...
Common-law couples	235	...	...	3,125	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	130	...	...	3,850	...	...
Female parent	90	...	...	3,035	...	...
Male parent	40	...	...	815	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	970	...	...	19,825	...	...
Couples without children	505	...	...	10,190	...	...
Couples with children	465	...	...	9,645	...	...
1 child	170	...	...	3,430	...	...
2 children	235	...	...	3,925	...	...
3 or more children	60	...	...	2,285	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	3,850	...	...
1 child	65	...	...	2,330	...	...
2 children	60	...	...	1,085	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	440	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	610	350	260	13,420	6,345	7,075
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
One-census-family households	1,085	...	...	22,110	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	495	...	...	9,500	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	585	...	...	12,610	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	770	...	...
Non-census-family households	500	...	...	9,565	...	...
One-person households	440	...	...	8,420	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	55	...	...	1,140	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	3,730	1,930	1,800	83,055	40,625	42,430
English only	3,235	1,695	1,540	78,695	38,750	39,945
French only	0	5	0	20	10	5
English and French	490	230	260	3,865	1,635	2,235
Neither English nor French	0	5	0	475	230	245
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	3,730	1,925	1,800	83,055	40,625	42,430
English	3,600	1,860	1,740	81,620	39,890	41,725
French	125	60	60	860	450	410
English and French	5	0	5	115	50	60
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	455	225	230
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	125	65	60	920	480	440
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.4	3.4	3.3	1.1	1.2	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	3,730	1,930	1,800	83,055	40,625	42,430
Single responses	3,695	1,915	1,785	82,215	40,260	41,955
Official languages	3,490	1,815	1,675	73,115	35,980	37,130
English	3,370	1,750	1,615	72,115	35,475	36,650
French	125	65	60	995	515	485
Non-official languages	205	95	110	9,100	4,280	4,825
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	5
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	205	95	110	9,060	4,265	4,795
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	140	80	65
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	5	0	140	75	60
Amharic	0	0	0	15	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	110	60	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tigrigna	0	5	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	235	125	115
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	235	125	115
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	460	175	280
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	30	10	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	25	15	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	5	0	15	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	370	140	235
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	65	85	6,715	3,190	3,525
Albanian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	15	715	320	395
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages	30	15	20	710	320	390
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	50	15	30
Czech	0	0	0	70	35	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Polish	10	0	5	180	80	95
Russian	10	0	5	165	65	100
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	5	0	5	35	20	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ukrainian	5	0	0	145	65	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	35	45	4,105	1,915	2,190
Afrikaans	15	10	10	105	50	55
Danish	0	0	0	110	50	65
Dutch	15	5	10	1,425	695	725
Frisian	0	0	0	25	10	15
German	45	20	25	2,355	1,070	1,285
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	5	40	15	20
Swedish	5	5	0	30	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	820	410	410
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	710	345	360
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	5
Gujarati	0	5	0	25	15	10
Hindi	5	0	0	115	55	65
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	495	240	245
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	110	60	50
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	110	60	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	25	950	475	475
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	10	95	60	30
Portuguese	5	5	0	100	45	60
Romanian	0	0	0	185	100	90
Spanish	15	5	5	565	275	295
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	95	25	65
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	365	180	190
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	685	325	360
Chinese languages	10	5	5	665	310	355
Cantonese	15	5	10	175	85	90
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	420	190	230
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	20	10	5
Burmese	10	5	5	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	35	5	25
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	5
Thai	0	0	5	25	5	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	10	5	220	100	115
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	10	5	0	70	30	40
Hungarian	0	5	0	145	65	75
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	30	15	15	840	365	480
English and French	15	5	5	170	65	105
English and non-official language	15	10	10	645	285	360
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	3,725	1,925	1,800	83,055	40,625	42,430
Single responses	3,695	1,915	1,780	81,530	39,945	41,580
Official languages	3,640	1,880	1,760	78,705	38,555	40,155
English	3,570	1,845	1,720	78,510	38,465	40,040
French	70	30	35	195	90	105
Non-official languages	60	30	25	2,825	1,390	1,425
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	5	5	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	30	25	2,820	1,390	1,430
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	80	45	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	65	40	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	160	75	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	155	80	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	165	90	80
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	155	75	80
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	20	20	1,550	760	785
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	160	75	85
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	160	80	85
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	45	20	20
Russian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	505	235	270
Afrikaans	10	5	5	45	20	25
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	5	0	5	150	70	80
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	290	135	155
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	485	245	245
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	420	205	215
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	75	35	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	305	150	160
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	65	35	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	5	365	195	170
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Spanish	15	10	5	255	135	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	295	145	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	440	220	220
Chinese languages	10	5	5	420	205	215
Cantonese	10	5	0	100	50	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	290	140	150
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	20	10	10
Burmese	5	10	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	15	1,525	680	850
English and French	0	0	0	95	40	55
English and non-official language	25	15	15	1,410	630	785
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	15	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	3,730	1,930	1,800	83,050	40,620	42,430
None	3,455	1,810	1,645	78,275	38,450	39,830
English	90	45	45	1,270	615	655
French	100	45	55	535	220	320
Non-official language	80	30	50	2,900	1,315	1,585
Aboriginal	0	0	0	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal	80	30	50	2,865	1,295	1,570
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	20	15
French and non-official language	0	5	5	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,025	1,550	1,475	66,305	32,105	34,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,935	1,515	1,420	63,755	30,970	32,785
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,091	50,560	34,560	32,439	42,300	25,366
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,940	1,515	1,420	63,835	31,030	32,810
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,440	43,290	31,258	29,397	37,059	24,004
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,845	1,480	1,360	56,840	28,425	28,415
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,821	45,824	29,195	30,046	40,903	22,152
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,855	820	1,030	45,410	19,185	26,225
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,392	6,528	4,768	7,156	7,173	7,149
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,470	1,310	1,165	47,735	24,725	23,010
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,576	42,069	25,536	30,276	40,908	22,913
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	3,005	1,520	1,480	66,310	32,055	34,255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,915	1,505	1,415	63,765	30,960	32,800
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,840	64,875	44,181	41,875	51,098	33,169
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,920	1,500	1,420	63,840	31,010	32,835
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,441	50,769	37,740	35,621	42,257	29,354
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,805	1,455	1,345	56,770	28,455	28,320
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,212	63,070	40,532	40,255	49,950	30,516
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,765	740	1,030	45,555	19,270	26,285
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,963	7,576	8,449	8,353	8,518
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,445	1,315	1,130	47,735	24,735	23,000
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,267	56,746	36,242	39,391	48,169	29,952
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	3,000	1,520	1,480	66,305	32,055	34,255
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	825	515	310	21,390	12,755	8,635
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	75,984	85,238	53,585	51,064	58,280	42,342
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	75,299	85,874	57,662	57,444	64,441	47,113
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.8	94.0	88.7	85.5	89.7	79.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.6	75.6	67.9	70.4	75.3	63.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.2	6.2	11.4	14.5	10.3	20.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	3,025	1,550	1,475	66,305	32,110	34,195
Without total income	90	35	55	2,550	1,140	1,415
With total income	2,935	1,515	1,420	63,760	30,970	32,790
Percentage with total income	97.0	97.7	96.3	96.2	96.4	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	335	140	195	8,540	3,200	5,340
$10,000 to $19,999	375	160	215	12,030	4,385	7,645
$20,000 to $29,999	350	130	220	9,290	3,590	5,700
$30,000 to $39,999	340	160	175	7,950	3,485	4,460
$40,000 to $49,999	315	160	150	6,600	3,315	3,285
$50,000 to $59,999	215	125	90	5,045	2,895	2,145
$60,000 to $69,999	170	80	90	3,785	2,505	1,280
$70,000 to $79,999	165	90	75	2,950	2,030	915
$80,000 to $89,999	155	95	60	2,395	1,630	770
$90,000 to $99,999	125	90	35	1,665	1,180	495
$100,000 and over	395	285	105	3,515	2,755	760
$100,000 to $149,999	275	200	80	2,620	2,030	590
$150,000 and over	115	90	25	890	720	165
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,025	1,555	1,475	66,310	32,110	34,200
Without after-tax income	85	35	50	2,470	1,085	1,385
With after-tax income	2,940	1,515	1,420	63,835	31,025	32,810
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.4	96.3	96.3	96.6	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	355	150	200	8,905	3,395	5,510
$10,000 to $19,999	410	170	240	12,650	4,720	7,935
$20,000 to $29,999	420	180	245	10,965	4,375	6,595
$30,000 to $39,999	395	200	200	9,200	4,280	4,925
$40,000 to $49,999	330	185	145	7,060	3,890	3,170
$50,000 to $59,999	230	115	120	5,040	3,210	1,830
$60,000 to $69,999	200	110	90	3,625	2,520	1,105
$70,000 to $79,999	200	130	65	2,675	1,810	865
$80,000 and over	400	285	115	3,710	2,840	875
$80,000 to $89,999	120	80	45	1,425	1,035	385
$90,000 to $99,999	95	70	25	815	630	180
$100,000 and over	180	130	45	1,475	1,165	305
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	3,025	1,550	1,470	66,305	32,105	34,200
Without employment income	550	245	305	18,570	7,385	11,190
With employment income	2,475	1,310	1,165	47,735	24,725	23,010
Percentage with employment income	81.8	84.5	79.3	72.0	77.0	67.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	450	245	210	8,010	3,625	4,385
$5,000 to $9,999	170	75	95	3,675	1,470	2,205
$10,000 to $19,999	305	115	185	6,510	2,570	3,940
$20,000 to $29,999	250	100	150	5,460	2,205	3,255
$30,000 to $39,999	205	100	105	5,005	2,285	2,720
$40,000 to $49,999	155	70	75	4,320	2,235	2,085
$50,000 to $59,999	145	75	70	3,625	2,145	1,480
$60,000 to $69,999	120	55	65	2,875	1,990	880
$70,000 to $79,999	130	75	50	2,330	1,635	695
$80,000 and over	545	400	145	5,935	4,575	1,360
$80,000 to $89,999	135	80	60	2,000	1,395	610
$90,000 to $99,999	115	85	35	1,305	965	335
$100,000 and over	295	235	55	2,630	2,215	415
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,595	...	...	32,440	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	81,897	...	...	67,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,493	...	...	59,785	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	445	...	...	8,425	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,923	...	...	31,665	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,478	...	...	28,672	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,145	...	...	24,020	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	104,864	...	...	83,891	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,885	...	...	73,474	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	100,527	...	...	82,311	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,585	...	...	70,105	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	455	...	...	8,410	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,871	...	...	39,210	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,151	...	...	33,799	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,135	...	...	24,025	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	119,610	...	...	97,402	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,776	...	...	82,817	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	380	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	345	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	1,005	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	1,405	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	1,510	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	1,285	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	1,485	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	65	...	...	1,485	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	1,385	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	75	...	...	1,405	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	110	...	...	2,635	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	95	...	...	2,360	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	110	...	...	2,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	95	...	...	2,090	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	75	...	...	1,910	...	...
$100,000 and over	650	...	...	9,435	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	200	...	...	3,605	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	130	...	...	2,310	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	190	...	...	2,245	...	...
$200,000 and over	130	...	...	1,275	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	355	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	1,020	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1,445	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	1,710	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	1,545	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	75	...	...	1,770	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75	...	...	1,715	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	1,630	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	65	...	...	1,610	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...	3,075	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	2,735	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	120	...	...	2,595	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	95	...	...	2,280	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	105	...	...	1,825	...	...
$100,000 and over	485	...	...	6,715	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	190	...	...	3,160	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	130	...	...	1,700	...	...
$150,000 and over	165	...	...	1,850	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,100	...	...	23,220	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	104,832	...	...	82,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,782	...	...	72,499	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	495	...	...	9,310	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,467	...	...	73,557	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,880	...	...	64,843	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	465	...	...	9,730	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,205	...	...	105,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,629	...	...	91,034	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	125	...	...	3,545	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,256	...	...	46,221	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,576	...	...	42,962	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,130	...	...	23,250	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	118,358	...	...	96,473	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,741	...	...	81,931	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	520	...	...	9,330	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	110,226	...	...	85,049	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,359	...	...	72,229	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	475	...	...	9,735	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	142,701	...	...	120,529	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,208	...	...	101,612	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	3,565	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,311	...	...	54,904	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,410	...	...	49,090	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	590	340	255	11,660	5,580	6,080
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	40,064	44,992	34,976	29,380	32,491	27,436
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,752	38,656	31,296	26,901	29,077	25,554
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	510	275	230	11,530	5,440	6,085
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	52,310	57,946	45,559	37,065	39,570	34,825
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,935	42,858	38,631	32,044	33,458	30,779
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	3,715	1,920	1,795	82,210	40,280	41,925
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,420	715	705	44,555	21,040	23,520
In the bottom decile	245	130	120	8,500	3,970	4,535
In the second decile	275	140	140	8,820	3,895	4,925
In the third decile	295	145	150	8,830	4,145	4,685
In the fourth decile	285	135	150	9,165	4,440	4,725
In the fifth decile	320	170	145	9,240	4,595	4,645
In the top half of the distribution	2,300	1,205	1,095	37,650	19,240	18,410
In the sixth decile	405	215	190	8,995	4,510	4,480
In the seventh decile	415	205	210	8,205	4,215	3,995
In the eighth decile	445	240	205	8,055	4,085	3,970
In the ninth decile	550	285	260	7,345	3,790	3,550
In the top decile	490	260	230	5,050	2,640	2,415
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	3,720	1,920	1,800	82,205	40,275	41,930
0 to 17 years	835	435	400	18,965	9,725	9,240
0 to 5 years	265	155	110	6,070	3,110	2,960
18 to 64 years	2,405	1,230	1,175	49,245	23,955	25,285
65 years and over	475	255	225	14,000	6,600	7,405
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	335	170	165	12,150	5,435	6,715
0 to 17 years	100	50	50	3,435	1,720	1,715
0 to 5 years	35	20	10	1,135	585	550
18 to 64 years	190	95	100	6,645	2,925	3,720
65 years and over	45	25	20	2,075	785	1,290
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.0	8.9	9.2	14.8	13.5	16.0
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	11.5	12.5	18.1	17.7	18.6
0 to 5 years (%)	13.2	12.9	9.1	18.7	18.8	18.6
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	7.7	8.5	13.5	12.2	14.7
65 years and over (%)	9.5	9.8	8.9	14.8	11.9	17.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	155	80	75	6,565	3,105	3,455
0 to 17 years	45	20	25	1,845	920	925
0 to 5 years	10	10	5	595	300	290
18 to 64 years	95	50	50	4,355	2,025	2,335
65 years and over	10	10	5	355	160	200
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.2	4.2	8.0	7.7	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4	4.6	6.3	9.7	9.5	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.8	6.5	4.5	9.8	9.6	9.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.1	4.3	8.8	8.5	9.2
65 years and over (%)	2.1	3.9	2.2	2.5	2.4	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	3,715	1,890	1,830	82,210	40,260	41,945
Official languages	3,710	1,885	1,830	81,785	40,060	41,725
English	3,710	1,885	1,825	81,765	40,045	41,715
French	425	195	235	3,880	1,620	2,270
Non-official languages	460	215	245	11,335	5,315	6,020
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	70	25	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	15
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	465	215	245	11,265	5,290	5,975
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	0	195	120	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	195	120	75
Amharic	10	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	140	85	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	35	25	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrigna	15	10	0	0	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	275	145	130
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	275	145	130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	595	210	385
Bikol	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	15	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	565	195	370
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	20	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	20	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	345	160	185	8,450	3,980	4,465
Albanian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	25	45	960	450	510
Baltic languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	60	25	35	955	450	505
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Czech	0	10	0	80	45	45
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	235	105	130
Russian	30	15	20	245	100	150
Serbian	0	0	0	65	35	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	10	15	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	55	30	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	215	95	120
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	10
Germanic languages	130	70	65	4,770	2,255	2,510
Afrikaans	15	15	0	145	75	70
Danish	0	0	0	80	25	55
Dutch	50	20	25	1,740	850	890
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	85	45	45	2,725	1,310	1,415
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	80	30	45
Swedish	0	0	0	65	25	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	10
Greek	0	0	0	95	65	30
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	970	485	490
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	885	435	450
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hindi	10	0	0	225	115	115
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	625	315	310
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	125	50	75
Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	90	50	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	75	85	1,835	810	1,025
Catalan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italian	35	10	30	165	85	75
Portuguese	20	0	10	200	110	95
Romanian	0	0	0	220	115	110
Spanish	100	60	40	1,315	535	775
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	170	75	95
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	25	10	465	245	220
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	80	55	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	35	25	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	80	20	65
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	10	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	15	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	780	375	400
Chinese languages	20	0	10	730	340	385
Cantonese	10	0	10	185	85	105
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	10	565	245	320
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	10	60	30	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	10	45	35	15
Burmese	20	20	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	50	35	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	60	15	45
Lao	0	0	0	20	0	15
Thai	10	0	10	45	0	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	25	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	245	100	140
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	10	70	35	40
Hungarian	0	0	0	165	70	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	3,720	1,890	1,830	82,210	40,265	41,950
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,545	1,795	1,750	79,185	38,790	40,400
Canadian citizens aged under 18	845	430	415	18,665	9,550	9,115
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,705	1,370	1,335	60,520	29,240	31,285
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	165	95	70	3,020	1,475	1,545
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	3,720	1,890	1,830	82,205	40,260	41,950
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,185	1,620	1,570	70,840	34,885	35,955
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	505	265	240	10,985	5,185	5,800
Before 1981	170	85	85	5,265	2,495	2,770
1981 to 1990	45	30	20	1,070	550	525
1991 to 2000	95	60	40	1,515	670	845
2001 to 2010	100	35	65	2,060	935	1,130
2001 to 2005	45	10	35	880	345	530
2006 to 2010	55	25	30	1,180	585	595
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	90	60	30	1,065	540	530
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	25	0	20	385	195	190
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	505	265	240	10,985	5,185	5,800
Under 5 years	80	40	40	1,525	750	775
5 to 14 years	60	30	30	2,235	1,100	1,135
15 to 24 years	75	20	50	2,520	1,145	1,375
25 to 44 years	275	165	110	3,915	1,825	2,095
45 years and over	20	10	10	790	365	425
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	505	265	240	10,985	5,185	5,800
Americas	70	40	35	1,780	775	1,005
Brazil	0	0	0	50	15	35
Colombia	0	0	0	40	15	25
El Salvador	0	0	0	80	35	40
Guyana	0	0	0	25	15	15
Haiti	0	0	0	20	20	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	45	30	15
Mexico	0	0	0	165	55	110
Peru	0	0	0	40	10	35
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	45	30	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	35	30	965	400	565
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	310	150	160
Europe	240	115	125	6,060	2,960	3,100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	30	20	10
Croatia	0	0	0	25	20	10
France	0	0	0	55	25	30
Germany	20	10	10	970	485	490
Greece	0	0	0	35	25	0
Hungary	0	0	0	75	40	35
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	80	40	45
Italy	10	0	10	55	25	30
Netherlands	35	15	15	1,110	545	565
Poland	20	10	10	215	95	115
Portugal	0	0	0	60	40	15
Romania	0	0	0	180	90	95
Russian Federation	0	0	0	185	100	90
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	150	70	80
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	115	55	60	2,220	1,070	1,155
Other places of birth in Europe	35	10	20	575	260	320
Africa	35	30	0	440	225	210
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	40	25	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	15	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	50	30	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	0	220	105	115
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	0	90	50	40
Asia	90	40	50	2,435	1,080	1,350
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	355	170	185
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	10	90	35	55
India	10	10	0	360	180	180
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	65	30	30
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	55	15	40
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	15	0	320	165	155
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	65	50	20
Philippines	0	0	0	535	175	360
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	15	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	90	35	50
Viet Nam	0	0	0	180	80	100
Other places of birth in Asia	45	10	35	260	110	150
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	65	40	30	275	145	130
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	90	60	25	1,070	540	525
Americas	10	10	0	210	100	115
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	20	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	160	65	95
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	30	25	0	165	105	60
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0	25	20	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	95	70	30
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	30	10	15
Africa	15	10	0	65	35	35
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	0	10
Eritrea	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	10	10
Asia	20	10	15	615	300	315
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	95	50	45
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	105	50	50
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Philippines	0	0	0	255	120	135
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	15	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	15	0	10
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	3,720	1,890	1,830	82,210	40,260	41,945
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	600	310	295	11,935	5,665	6,270
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	770	365	405	18,160	9,035	9,125
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,350	1,220	1,130	52,110	25,560	26,550
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	340	180	155	5,880	2,775	3,105
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	165	100	60	3,190	1,635	1,555
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	65	55	15	1,265	795	470
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	95	45	50	1,925	840	1,080
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	140	65	70	2,105	810	1,295
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	40	15	20	550	315	230
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	35	15	25
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	3,720	1,890	1,825	82,210	40,265	41,945
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	115	40	75	6,585	3,045	3,535
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	80	35	45	6,370	2,935	3,435
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	25	20	10	3,735	1,720	2,020
Métis	50	20	35	2,605	1,205	1,395
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	10	25	115	75	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	100	40	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,600	1,845	1,760	75,620	37,215	38,410
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	3,720	1,890	1,830	82,210	40,260	41,950
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	2,620	1,120	1,505
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,710	1,885	1,825	79,585	39,140	40,445
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	3,715	1,890	1,830	82,210	40,260	41,945
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	20	10	15	1,310	665	640
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	20	10	10	1,285	655	630
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	980	495	490
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	305	155	145
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	125	35	85	5,715	2,540	3,175
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	115	35	85	5,490	2,450	3,045
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	15	45	3,370	1,490	1,880
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	20	40	2,090	945	1,140
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	220	90	135
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	225	90	130
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	3,575	1,850	1,730	75,185	37,055	38,125
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	3,720	1,890	1,830	82,210	40,260	41,945
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	190	85	110	5,815	2,765	3,050
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	15	10	0	1,260	650	610
Chinese	40	20	20	920	425	495
Black	20	15	10	685	345	340
Filipino	40	10	35	755	290	465
Latin American	0	0	0	500	215	285
Arab	0	0	0	85	45	35
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	40	10	25	495	265	225
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	115	65	45
Korean	35	25	10	505	250	260
Japanese	10	0	10	155	60	100
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	105	40	65
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	240	115	115
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	3,535	1,810	1,720	76,395	37,495	38,895
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	3,715	1,890	1,825	82,210	40,260	41,945
North American Aboriginal origins	140	45	100	7,025	3,210	3,815
First Nations (North American Indian)	65	20	50	4,600	2,095	2,510
Inuit	0	0	0	50	20	30
Métis	80	25	50	2,625	1,200	1,425
Other North American origins	1,045	535	515	23,860	11,845	12,015
Acadian	15	10	10	130	65	65
American	120	50	70	1,885	975	905
Canadian	960	485	475	22,485	11,145	11,340
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	10	0	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	40	15	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	20	0	15
European origins	3,310	1,680	1,635	66,685	32,555	34,130
British Isles origins	2,545	1,350	1,195	41,400	20,065	21,335
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,645	880	765	24,960	11,865	13,095
Irish	950	470	480	14,430	6,740	7,695
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish	1,145	565	580	18,350	8,845	9,500
Welsh	130	75	60	2,325	1,090	1,235
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	150	70	75	2,740	1,425	1,320
French origins	520	265	255	9,035	4,170	4,865
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	10
French	525	270	250	9,035	4,170	4,870
Western European origins (except French origins)	890	385	505	28,335	13,980	14,355
Austrian	90	50	40	835	355	480
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	40	10	30	405	235	170
Dutch	135	60	75	11,425	5,735	5,690
Flemish	0	0	10	50	15	30
Frisian	0	0	0	75	40	30
German	625	265	360	18,425	9,085	9,345
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swiss	40	20	20	540	235	300
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	25	15	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	505	215	285	7,435	3,665	3,775
Danish	60	20	40	1,445	750	690
Finnish	30	10	20	520	275	240
Icelandic	15	10	0	545	285	255
Norwegian	260	115	150	3,025	1,460	1,565
Swedish	145	70	80	2,210	980	1,230
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	10	15	290	160	130
Eastern European origins	805	410	395	13,275	6,455	6,825
Bulgarian	0	0	0	65	25	45
Byelorussian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Czech	45	30	20	425	195	230
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	0	10	255	85	165
Estonian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Hungarian	125	70	50	1,320	640	680
Latvian	10	0	0	65	40	25
Lithuanian	15	15	0	140	65	70
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Polish	185	105	80	2,930	1,375	1,555
Romanian	10	10	10	675	365	315
Russian	190	65	125	3,815	1,980	1,840
Slovak	15	10	0	185	95	90
Ukrainian	265	145	115	5,465	2,555	2,910
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	0	65	50	20
Southern European origins	390	185	205	4,205	1,995	2,205
Albanian	0	0	0	85	35	55
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	15	230	105	125
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	0	20	330	195	140
Italian	285	145	135	2,250	995	1,255
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	15	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	30	20	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	380	190	195
Serbian	10	10	0	115	65	50
Sicilian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Slovenian	20	10	10	45	25	20
Spanish	30	10	20	730	370	355
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	100	55	45
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	40	10	25
Other European origins	55	35	25	525	285	240
Basque	0	0	0	25	10	15
Jewish	30	15	15	185	90	90
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	25	10	10	305	165	135
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	450	235	215
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	35	15	15
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	225	110	120
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	10	0	1,315	590	720
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	60	25	35
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Brazilian	0	10	0	110	55	60
Chilean	0	0	0	90	35	55
Colombian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Costa Rican	0	0	0	35	0	30
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Guatemalan	0	0	0	75	15	60
Guyanese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	50	25	20
Honduran	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	330	125	195
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	35	20	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	95	60	40
Peruvian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	165	85	80
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	70	30	45
African origins	30	15	15	865	430	430
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	100	50	50
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	60	20	40
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	15	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins	10	0	10	155	80	70
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	95	45	45
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	20	20	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins	20	15	10	260	130	135
Afrikaner	0	0	0	20	10	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	25	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	0	0	0	165	75	85
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	375	190	185
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	60	25	35
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	315	165	155
Asian origins	200	90	110	4,840	2,275	2,570
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	20	10	10	300	160	140
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	95	55	40
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	25	15	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	65	20	40
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	35	25	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins	15	10	0	1,325	660	670
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	0	1,075	535	540
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	125	50	70
Punjabi	0	0	0	65	40	20
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	50	25	20
East and Southeast Asian origins	165	65	100	3,245	1,465	1,780
Burmese	20	20	0	55	35	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chinese	40	20	20	1,245	595	645
Filipino	40	0	35	825	320	510
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Japanese	0	0	10	235	75	160
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	10	505	250	255
Laotian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	55	25	25
Thai	20	0	15	70	30	45
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	335	185	145
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	45	25	20	520	260	265
Australian	25	15	10	300	145	150
New Zealander	25	15	10	85	45	35
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	10	150	70	75
Fijian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Hawaiian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Maori	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Samoan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,595	...	...	32,440	...	...
Owner	1,265	...	...	23,665	...	...
Renter	330	...	...	8,775	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
Condominium	105	...	...	7,050	...	...
Not condominium	1,485	...	...	25,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	130	...	...
1 bedroom	115	...	...	3,455	...	...
2 bedrooms	335	...	...	7,795	...	...
3 bedrooms	685	...	...	10,840	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	445	...	...	10,220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	285	...	...	7,275	...	...
5 rooms	210	...	...	4,435	...	...
6 rooms	265	...	...	4,540	...	...
7 rooms	235	...	...	4,525	...	...
8 or more rooms	600	...	...	11,660	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,580	...	...	32,210	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
Suitable	1,575	...	...	31,375	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	1,065	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
1960 or before	815	...	...	4,355	...	...
1961 to 1980	335	...	...	8,060	...	...
1981 to 1990	85	...	...	4,040	...	...
1991 to 2000	150	...	...	6,395	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...	2,635	...	...
2006 to 2010	95	...	...	4,530	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	65	...	...	2,430	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,450	...	...	30,730	...	...
Major repairs needed	145	...	...	1,710	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
1 household maintainer	915	...	...	18,950	...	...
2 household maintainers	675	...	...	12,595	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	895	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,590	...	...	32,440	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	880	...	...
25 to 34 years	215	...	...	4,360	...	...
35 to 44 years	350	...	...	5,200	...	...
45 to 54 years	280	...	...	6,640	...	...
55 to 64 years	375	...	...	6,410	...	...
65 to 74 years	225	...	...	4,835	...	...
75 to 84 years	105	...	...	3,010	...	...
85 years and over	35	...	...	1,095	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,585	...	...	31,720	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,330	...	...	23,790	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	255	...	...	7,925	...	...
30% to less than 100%	230	...	...	7,020	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,255	...	...	23,040	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.8	...	...	65.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.7	...	...	17.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	897	...	...	1,165	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,057	...	...	1,221	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,314	...	...	399,710	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	334,436	...	...	424,681	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	330	...	...	8,710	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.6	...	...	9.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.8	...	...	46.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	983	...	...	892	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,011	...	...	997	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,005	1,520	1,480	66,310	32,050	34,255
No certificate, diploma or degree	315	130	190	12,505	6,490	6,020
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	570	310	260	23,030	11,325	11,700
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,115	1,085	1,035	30,770	14,235	16,535
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	320	285	40	7,165	5,220	1,945
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	75	45	30	3,225	1,875	1,350
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	250	240	10	3,940	3,345	595
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	615	280	335	12,310	4,355	7,955
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	40	105	3,065	1,070	1,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,035	485	550	8,230	3,595	4,640
Bachelor's degree	585	270	310	5,325	2,265	3,055
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	10	40	925	265	660
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	130	60	70	325	215	110
Master's degree	250	130	120	1,495	725	770
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	15	0	165	120	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,195	1,105	1,090	42,290	20,330	21,960
No certificate, diploma or degree	110	40	70	5,120	2,990	2,130
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	355	200	160	14,130	7,035	7,095
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,730	865	865	23,040	10,305	12,735
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	240	215	30	4,930	3,610	1,320
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	60	40	20	2,180	1,260	920
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	185	170	10	2,750	2,350	400
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	480	230	250	9,265	3,260	6,000
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	25	85	2,300	775	1,525
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	895	390	500	6,550	2,660	3,890
Bachelor's degree	495	210	290	4,265	1,715	2,550
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	10	35	750	195	550
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	55	65	250	165	85
Master's degree	215	110	110	1,180	515	665
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	15	0	100	65	40
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,000	1,525	1,480	66,305	32,055	34,255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	885	435	450	35,535	17,815	17,720
Education	215	70	150	2,670	675	1,995
13. Education	220	75	150	2,665	670	1,995
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	30	10	840	370	470
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	220	165	55
50. Visual and performing arts	30	20	0	625	205	420
Humanities	80	45	35	1,625	720	900
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	95	30	70
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	15	360	105	255
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	350	120	235
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	70	40	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	500	325	175
54. History	20	10	0	225	110	120
55. French language and literature/letters	0	10	0	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	130	40	95	2,795	910	1,880
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	135	55	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	35	725	60	665
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	405	90	320
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	55	10	40
42. Psychology	15	0	15	500	155	345
45. Social sciences	75	35	35	945	530	420
Business, management and public administration	230	90	145	5,315	1,625	3,695
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	560	125	435
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	225	90	130	4,740	1,500	3,240
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	45	20	555	275	285
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	20	0	255	105	150
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	95	35	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	130	110	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	75	25	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	25	15	685	425	260
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	25	15	510	375	140
25. Library science	10	0	10	100	0	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	75	45	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	590	520	70	6,665	6,340	330
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	65	50	10
14. Engineering	175	130	40	590	540	50
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	100	95	0	955	870	80
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	125	125	0	1,885	1,805	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	140	130	10	2,045	1,965	80
48. Precision production	25	20	0	1,125	1,110	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	45	35	980	620	360
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	15	15	685	410	275
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	30	30	295	210	85
Health and related fields	585	155	430	5,985	995	4,995
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	10	35	340	150	190
51. Health professions and related programs	480	115	365	5,535	765	4,765
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	30	25	115	75	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	30	25	2,645	1,290	1,360
12. Personal and culinary services	45	20	30	1,615	430	1,180
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	25	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	65	60	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	445	310	130
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	505	460	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,195	1,105	1,095	42,290	20,330	21,960
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	465	240	230	19,250	10,025	9,220
Education	165	40	120	1,820	430	1,390
13. Education	160	40	120	1,820	435	1,390
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	20	10	650	260	390
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	155	105	50
50. Visual and performing arts	25	15	10	495	160	340
Humanities	60	30	30	1,185	490	695
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	75	20	60
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	10	285	85	205
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	290	95	195
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	50	30	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	310	200	105
54. History	15	10	10	150	55	95
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	120	35	90	2,365	720	1,640
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	115	40	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	35	615	45	570
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	345	75	265
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	40	0	35
42. Psychology	10	0	0	420	120	305
45. Social sciences	70	35	35	800	425	380
Business, management and public administration	185	75	110	4,005	1,170	2,840
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	465	95	370
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	180	75	105	3,540	1,070	2,465
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	35	15	425	180	245
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	20	10	200	70	130
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	75	20	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	90	70	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	60	20	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	25	15	580	370	215
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	20	10	450	335	115
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	0	85
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	50	30	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	455	395	60	4,760	4,460	305
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	55	40	10
14. Engineering	150	110	40	415	360	50
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	80	75	10	680	595	80
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	105	105	0	1,420	1,350	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	85	0	1,455	1,390	65
48. Precision production	20	15	0	745	720	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	40	35	760	500	265
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	10	520	330	195
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	30	20	240	170	75
Health and related fields	505	140	365	4,495	795	3,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	50	15	35	265	125	140
51. Health professions and related programs	405	100	305	4,130	600	3,530
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	30	20	95	70	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	50	25	20	1,980	930	1,045
12. Personal and culinary services	40	20	20	1,215	325	895
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	390	270	120
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	350	315	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,005	1,520	1,485	66,305	32,055	34,255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	885	435	450	35,535	17,815	17,720
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,115	1,085	1,030	30,775	14,235	16,535
Location of study inside Canada	1,735	895	840	27,055	12,345	14,705
Same as province or territory of residence	1,085	540	550	21,450	9,585	11,865
Different than province or territory of residence	645	355	290	5,605	2,765	2,840
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	385	195	190	3,725	1,890	1,830
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	130	70	60	930	460	470
Philippines	10	0	0	255	80	180
India	10	0	10	80	40	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	75	30	45	725	435	290
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	140	60	85
France	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other	170	90	70	1,565	815	750
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,195	1,100	1,095	42,290	20,330	21,960
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	470	235	230	19,250	10,025	9,225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,725	860	865	23,040	10,300	12,740
Location of study inside Canada	1,425	715	705	20,575	9,115	11,455
Same as province or territory of residence	850	410	440	16,780	7,300	9,480
Different than province or territory of residence	570	305	265	3,790	1,820	1,975
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	310	145	160	2,470	1,190	1,280
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	90	40	50	635	295	345
Philippines	0	0	0	230	70	160
India	0	0	10	60	30	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	20	30	350	215	130
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	140	55	85
France	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other	160	85	70	1,030	515	515
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	3,000	1,520	1,480	66,310	32,055	34,250
In the labour force	2,080	1,130	955	42,065	22,305	19,760
Employed	1,930	1,025	905	39,355	20,810	18,545
Unemployed	150	105	40	2,705	1,495	1,215
Not in the labour force	920	390	530	24,240	9,750	14,495
Participation rate	69.3	74.3	64.5	63.4	69.6	57.7
Employment rate	64.3	67.4	61.1	59.4	64.9	54.1
Unemployment rate	7.2	9.3	4.2	6.4	6.7	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	3,005	1,520	1,480	66,310	32,055	34,250
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	720	315	405	22,345	9,035	13,310
Worked	2,280	1,210	1,075	43,960	23,015	20,945
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	850	530	320	22,000	13,155	8,845
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,435	680	755	21,960	9,865	12,100
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.6	40.7	38.4	42.7	43.8	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,080	1,130	950	42,065	22,305	19,755
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	10	810	365	445
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,070	1,125	945	41,255	21,945	19,310
Employee	1,685	910	780	35,765	18,615	17,145
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	385	220	165	5,490	3,325	2,165
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,080	1,125	950	42,065	22,305	19,760
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	10	810	365	450
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,070	1,125	945	41,250	21,940	19,315
0 Management occupations	200	125	70	4,380	2,910	1,465
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	230	45	185	5,355	1,260	4,095
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	245	190	55	1,650	1,355	290
3 Health occupations	305	90	215	2,840	570	2,265
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	245	75	175	5,210	1,725	3,490
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	35	45	930	385	545
6 Sales and service occupations	310	120	190	9,515	3,770	5,745
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	300	290	10	7,895	7,450	450
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	50	50	0	1,835	1,195	640
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	110	105	0	1,640	1,315	325
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,080	1,130	950	42,065	22,305	19,760
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	810	365	445
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,070	1,125	945	41,250	21,945	19,315
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	45	35	0	2,495	1,485	1,005
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	20	10	260	235	25
22 Utilities	50	25	25	115	95	15
23 Construction	215	190	25	4,490	3,930	560
31-33 Manufacturing	260	235	30	3,480	2,760	720
41 Wholesale trade	20	20	0	1,145	900	245
44-45 Retail trade	150	85	65	4,825	2,225	2,600
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	0	10	1,840	1,515	330
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	485	285	200
52 Finance and insurance	55	20	35	1,040	305	735
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	10	0	640	290	345
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	200	110	90	1,845	1,020	825
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	10	0	50	25	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70	40	30	2,190	1,275	915
61 Educational services	175	30	135	2,920	875	2,045
62 Health care and social assistance	400	100	305	4,810	750	4,065
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	65	35	30	695	370	325
72 Accommodation and food services	155	70	80	3,075	1,090	1,985
81 Other services (except public administration)	80	40	35	2,170	1,035	1,135
91 Public administration	75	55	15	2,690	1,475	1,215
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,930	1,025	910	39,355	20,810	18,545
Worked at home	235	115	120	3,460	1,660	1,800
Worked outside Canada	15	15	10	125	80	35
No fixed workplace address	210	145	65	6,270	4,845	1,425
Worked at usual place	1,475	755	715	29,505	14,225	15,280
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,475	755	720	29,505	14,220	15,280
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	435	210	230	19,140	8,450	10,690
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	880	480	405	6,745	3,305	3,445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	130	55	75	3,470	2,360	1,110
Commute to a different province or territory	25	15	10	145	115	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,685	900	785	35,775	19,065	16,705
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,330	735	595	30,135	16,135	14,000
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	65	25	40	2,410	1,215	1,195
Public transit	20	15	0	675	320	355
Walked	210	75	135	1,515	720	795
Bicycle	40	35	10	480	345	140
Other method	15	15	10	555	335	225
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,680	900	785	35,770	19,070	16,705
Less than 15 minutes	790	425	365	13,220	6,090	7,135
15 to 29 minutes	720	390	335	11,445	5,775	5,680
30 to 44 minutes	105	45	60	5,570	3,180	2,390
45 to 59 minutes	15	10	10	1,880	1,235	645
60 minutes and over	45	30	15	3,650	2,795	860
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,685	895	785	35,770	19,065	16,705
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	140	105	35	3,845	2,910	935
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	360	270	95	6,710	4,465	2,245
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	480	240	245	9,030	4,660	4,365
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	345	95	255	6,305	2,310	4,005
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	150	70	80	3,575	1,265	2,310
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	200	120	85	6,305	3,460	2,845
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,345	1,235	1,105	45,365	23,650	21,715
Single responses	2,335	1,235	1,100	45,165	23,525	21,635
Official languages	2,330	1,230	1,100	44,870	23,380	21,490
English	2,320	1,235	1,090	44,800	23,360	21,440
French	10	0	10	70	15	50
Non-official languages	10	0	0	295	150	145
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	295	150	145
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	25	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	0	105	45	60
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	25	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	30	0	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	0	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Chinese languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	60	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	200	120	80
English and French	0	0	0	30	15	15
English and non-official language	10	0	10	170	105	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,340	1,235	1,105	45,365	23,650	21,720
None	2,230	1,170	1,065	44,295	23,145	21,150
English	10	0	10	175	75	105
French	65	35	30	265	135	130
Non-official language	25	25	0	605	285	320
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	25	0	600	285	310
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	3,660	1,855	1,810	81,240	39,745	41,495
Non-movers	3,150	1,590	1,555	67,845	33,225	34,625
Movers	515	265	250	13,390	6,525	6,870
Non-migrants	270	125	150	7,900	3,815	4,090
Migrants	245	135	105	5,490	2,710	2,780
Internal migrants	205	115	90	5,225	2,600	2,625
Intraprovincial migrants	110	70	40	4,165	2,065	2,100
Interprovincial migrants	90	45	45	1,065	540	520
External migrants	40	20	15	260	105	155
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	3,440	1,745	1,700	76,895	37,505	39,385
Non-movers	2,290	1,120	1,170	41,880	20,580	21,305
Movers	1,150	620	525	35,010	16,930	18,080
Non-migrants	455	240	210	19,690	9,550	10,145
Migrants	695	380	310	15,320	7,380	7,945
Internal migrants	610	350	270	14,060	6,745	7,310
Intraprovincial migrants	395	230	165	11,230	5,355	5,875
Interprovincial migrants	215	115	100	2,825	1,390	1,440
External migrants	85	35	45	1,255	630	630

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Rossland, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Chilliwack, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rossland, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Chilliwack, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Rossland, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Chilliwack, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rossland, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Chilliwack, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia