Census Profile, 2016 Census
Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Bay Roberts [Census agglomeration], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Okanagan-Similkameen, RD British Columbia [Census division]			Bay Roberts Newfoundland and Labrador [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Bay Roberts [Census agglomeration], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	83,022	...	...	11,083	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	80,742	...	...	10,871	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.8	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	42,894	...	...	4,956	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	37,673	...	...	4,501	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8.0	...	...	106.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10,411.68	...	...	103.66	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	83,025	39,835	43,185	11,085	5,365	5,720
0 to 14 years	9,565	4,875	4,700	1,765	870	895
0 to 4 years	2,840	1,420	1,420	505	245	265
5 to 9 years	3,300	1,665	1,635	615	305	305
10 to 14 years	3,430	1,785	1,645	645	325	320
15 to 64 years	47,675	22,835	24,840	7,140	3,480	3,660
15 to 19 years	3,845	1,920	1,930	630	335	295
20 to 24 years	3,145	1,615	1,525	510	250	260
25 to 29 years	3,235	1,625	1,615	480	230	250
30 to 34 years	3,705	1,795	1,915	570	270	300
35 to 39 years	3,680	1,810	1,870	670	305	365
40 to 44 years	3,940	1,865	2,080	765	395	365
45 to 49 years	4,510	2,140	2,375	830	395	440
50 to 54 years	6,110	2,805	3,305	895	430	465
55 to 59 years	7,645	3,535	4,105	880	430	455
60 to 64 years	7,855	3,730	4,125	905	440	465
65 years and over	25,780	12,130	13,645	2,185	1,015	1,165
65 to 69 years	7,860	3,805	4,055	870	410	465
70 to 74 years	6,005	2,915	3,085	570	270	300
75 to 79 years	4,725	2,260	2,470	375	180	190
80 to 84 years	3,505	1,725	1,785	225	110	120
85 years and over	3,680	1,435	2,245	140	50	95
85 to 89 years	2,265	970	1,295	90	35	55
90 to 94 years	1,080	370	710	40	10	30
95 to 99 years	290	85	205	10	0	10
100 years and over	45	15	35	0	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.5	12.2	10.9	15.9	16.2	15.6
15 to 64 years	57.4	57.3	57.5	64.4	64.9	64.0
65 years and over	31.1	30.5	31.6	19.7	18.9	20.4
85 years and over	4.4	3.6	5.2	1.3	0.9	1.7
Average age of the population	49.9	49.1	50.7	43.3	42.8	43.8
Median age of the population	54.8	54.2	55.4	46.0	45.4	46.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	37,675	...	...	4,500	...	...
Single-detached house	23,195	...	...	4,130	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	950	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	11,135	...	...	365	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,070	...	...	90	...	...
Row house	2,540	...	...	85	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,325	...	...	120	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,015	...	...	65	...	...
Other single-attached house	185	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	2,390	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	37,670	...	...	4,505	...	...
1 person	11,910	...	...	990	...	...
2 persons	16,550	...	...	1,770	...	...
3 persons	4,270	...	...	790	...	...
4 persons	3,165	...	...	705	...	...
5 or more persons	1,780	...	...	245	...	...
Number of persons in private households	80,440	...	...	11,035	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	73,455	34,965	38,485	9,320	4,495	4,825
Married or living common law	44,495	22,210	22,280	6,060	3,025	3,030
Married	37,155	18,545	18,605	5,390	2,690	2,695
Living common law	7,340	3,660	3,675	670	330	335
Not married and not living common law	28,960	12,755	16,200	3,260	1,470	1,790
Never married	14,205	7,750	6,455	2,005	1,075	930
Separated	2,205	990	1,220	145	55	85
Divorced	6,155	2,530	3,625	475	200	275
Widowed	6,390	1,490	4,905	635	135	500
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	25,025	...	...	3,525	...	...
2 persons	17,055	...	...	1,900	...	...
3 persons	3,915	...	...	800	...	...
4 persons	2,950	...	...	660	...	...
5 or more persons	1,100	...	...	175	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	25,025	...	...	3,525	...	...
Total couple families	21,665	...	...	3,005	...	...
Married couples	17,995	...	...	2,665	...	...
Common-law couples	3,665	...	...	335	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,360	...	...	525	...	...
Female parent	2,630	...	...	450	...	...
Male parent	735	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	21,665	...	...	3,005	...	...
Couples without children	14,870	...	...	1,570	...	...
Couples with children	6,795	...	...	1,430	...	...
1 child	3,035	...	...	645	...	...
2 children	2,730	...	...	625	...	...
3 or more children	1,035	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,360	...	...	525	...	...
1 child	2,190	...	...	325	...	...
2 children	880	...	...	155	...	...
3 or more children	290	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,890	7,555	9,335	1,300	570	730
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	37,675	...	...	4,500	...	...
One-census-family households	23,745	...	...	3,355	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,280	...	...	1,505	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	9,465	...	...	1,850	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	620	...	...	90	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,305	...	...	1,060	...	...
One-person households	11,910	...	...	990	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,400	...	...	70	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	81,675	39,355	42,315	11,085	5,365	5,720
English only	76,020	36,865	39,160	10,730	5,235	5,490
French only	40	25	15	0	0	0
English and French	4,960	2,200	2,765	355	130	225
Neither English nor French	650	265	375	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	81,670	39,355	42,315	11,085	5,365	5,715
English	79,485	38,330	41,155	11,065	5,360	5,710
French	1,415	690	720	15	10	5
English and French	140	70	70	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	635	260	370	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,485	730	755	15	10	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.8	1.9	1.8	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	81,675	39,355	42,315	11,085	5,365	5,715
Single responses	80,895	39,000	41,895	11,070	5,360	5,715
Official languages	71,145	34,420	36,725	11,025	5,340	5,690
English	69,605	33,685	35,915	11,015	5,325	5,680
French	1,545	735	810	20	10	5
Non-official languages	9,750	4,580	5,165	40	20	20
Aboriginal languages	140	60	80	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	50	65	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	105	45	60	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	5	0	0	0	0
Stoney	5	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,610	4,520	5,085	45	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	55	50	0	5	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	50	45	0	0	0
Amharic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	70	40	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	95	40	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	35	55	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	360	110	245	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	310	100	210	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,105	3,905	4,205	20	10	10
Albanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,020	435	590	5	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,015	430	585	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Czech	135	60	75	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	165	60	105	5	0	0
Russian	160	65	95	0	0	0
Serbian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	60	20	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	10	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	270	120	150	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,040	1,445	1,595	5	5	5
Afrikaans	100	45	50	0	0	0
Danish	125	60	70	0	0	0
Dutch	590	290	300	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	2,090	990	1,100	0	5	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Swedish	75	30	40	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	45	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,440	1,225	1,210	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,380	1,195	1,190	5	5	5
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	70	35	30	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,265	1,130	1,130	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	35	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,485	730	755	10	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	325	175	145	0	0	0
Portuguese	780	375	405	0	0	0
Romanian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	345	160	190	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	105	35	70	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	50	60	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	260	115	150	10	5	5
Chinese languages	255	110	145	15	5	5
Cantonese	140	60	80	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	30	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	20	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	5	30	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	5	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	360	165	190	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	80	30	50	5	0	5
Hungarian	270	135	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	780	355	425	15	10	5
English and French	175	90	85	5	0	5
English and non-official language	575	255	315	5	0	5
French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	81,670	39,355	42,320	11,085	5,365	5,720
Single responses	80,195	38,685	41,510	11,075	5,360	5,715
Official languages	76,520	36,925	39,595	11,055	5,355	5,700
English	76,095	36,725	39,375	11,055	5,350	5,700
French	425	205	220	0	0	0
Non-official languages	3,680	1,760	1,915	25	5	15
Aboriginal languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,610	1,725	1,890	20	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	20	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	140	65	70	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	60	60	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,025	1,460	1,560	10	5	5
Albanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	80	95	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	170	75	90	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	20	0	5	0
Russian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	465	215	250	0	0	0
Afrikaans	65	30	35	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	65	25	40	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	315	150	165	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,875	930	945	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,850	920	935	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,795	895	900	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	480	220	255	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Portuguese	290	120	165	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	140	75	65	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	20	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	35	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	5	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	60	65	5	0	5
Chinese languages	125	55	70	5	0	5
Cantonese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	20	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,475	670	810	5	10	0
English and French	95	45	50	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,370	620	750	5	5	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	81,670	39,355	42,315	11,080	5,365	5,720
None	76,680	37,050	39,630	11,020	5,340	5,680
English	1,610	785	830	15	0	15
French	685	315	370	25	15	10
Non-official language	2,630	1,185	1,450	20	10	10
Aboriginal	215	95	120	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,415	1,090	1,325	20	10	10
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	70,910	33,930	36,980	9,270	4,470	4,795
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	69,465	33,295	36,170	8,880	4,310	4,570
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,914	36,235	25,575	28,938	40,779	21,865
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	69,540	33,340	36,195	8,890	4,310	4,575
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,306	32,135	24,046	26,724	35,998	21,003
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,230	30,205	32,025	6,965	3,655	3,305
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,051	31,544	20,265	28,320	40,277	20,727
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	53,430	24,090	29,330	7,145	3,200	3,945
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,165	11,210	9,354	10,262	11,472	8,984
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,540	23,315	23,220	5,860	3,120	2,740
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,958	28,944	20,541	29,264	42,624	20,864
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	70,910	33,855	37,060	9,270	4,470	4,795
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,540	33,230	36,310	8,835	4,280	4,555
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,597	48,679	33,200	41,483	55,100	28,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,615	33,275	36,340	8,845	4,285	4,565
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,648	40,508	29,283	34,533	44,405	25,269
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,325	30,235	32,090	6,950	3,625	3,325
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,019	45,392	29,131	41,764	55,094	27,246
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	53,430	24,105	29,325	7,045	3,135	3,910
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,652	10,169	9,227	10,809	11,553	10,213
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,540	23,200	23,335	5,860	3,090	2,770
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,333	40,914	27,789	42,954	57,114	27,168
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	70,910	33,855	37,055	9,270	4,475	4,795
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	16,450	9,020	7,435	2,275	1,205	1,070
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,885	54,266	42,627	50,160	63,759	36,343
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,751	62,511	47,555	60,235	74,011	44,690
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.6	84.9	77.2	79.3	84.2	70.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	57.8	60.7	53.8	68.4	73.9	59.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.4	15.1	22.8	20.7	15.8	29.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	70,910	33,930	36,980	9,270	4,475	4,800
Without total income	1,445	635	805	385	160	225
With total income	69,470	33,295	36,170	8,885	4,310	4,570
Percentage with total income	98.0	98.1	97.8	95.8	96.3	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,710	3,570	5,135	1,295	435	860
$10,000 to $19,999	14,250	5,530	8,720	1,840	625	1,210
$20,000 to $29,999	11,860	4,920	6,935	1,450	565	880
$30,000 to $39,999	9,240	4,130	5,115	1,040	495	540
$40,000 to $49,999	7,220	3,640	3,585	760	400	365
$50,000 to $59,999	5,125	2,800	2,325	575	365	210
$60,000 to $69,999	3,635	2,255	1,380	415	280	130
$70,000 to $79,999	2,530	1,615	915	325	215	110
$80,000 to $89,999	1,870	1,200	665	280	175	100
$90,000 to $99,999	1,335	860	480	230	155	75
$100,000 and over	3,675	2,765	915	685	600	90
$100,000 to $149,999	2,560	1,905	655	490	420	70
$150,000 and over	1,115	860	260	195	180	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	70,910	33,930	36,980	9,270	4,475	4,795
Without after-tax income	1,370	585	785	380	155	225
With after-tax income	69,540	33,345	36,195	8,885	4,315	4,570
Percentage with after-tax income	98.1	98.3	97.9	95.8	96.4	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,280	3,820	5,465	1,330	440	890
$10,000 to $19,999	14,970	5,995	8,975	1,920	650	1,270
$20,000 to $29,999	13,855	5,820	8,035	1,685	685	1,000
$30,000 to $39,999	10,340	4,865	5,475	1,200	625	580
$40,000 to $49,999	7,305	3,825	3,480	795	490	305
$50,000 to $59,999	4,750	2,885	1,870	590	390	200
$60,000 to $69,999	3,100	1,965	1,135	420	265	150
$70,000 to $79,999	2,155	1,415	740	345	245	100
$80,000 and over	3,780	2,755	1,025	605	520	85
$80,000 to $89,999	1,225	840	380	195	165	35
$90,000 to $99,999	765	580	185	125	105	20
$100,000 and over	1,795	1,335	460	280	255	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	70,910	33,925	36,980	9,270	4,475	4,800
Without employment income	24,375	10,610	13,760	3,410	1,355	2,055
With employment income	46,535	23,320	23,220	5,860	3,120	2,740
Percentage with employment income	65.6	68.7	62.8	63.2	69.7	57.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,605	5,100	5,500	890	395	500
$5,000 to $9,999	4,020	1,790	2,230	545	190	360
$10,000 to $19,999	6,475	2,765	3,710	805	330	475
$20,000 to $29,999	5,360	2,225	3,140	730	295	435
$30,000 to $39,999	4,660	2,060	2,600	560	285	275
$40,000 to $49,999	3,930	1,850	2,075	425	240	190
$50,000 to $59,999	2,880	1,575	1,305	350	235	120
$60,000 to $69,999	2,240	1,415	830	300	200	100
$70,000 to $79,999	1,690	1,055	635	230	160	70
$80,000 and over	4,680	3,480	1,195	1,020	800	225
$80,000 to $89,999	1,280	835	440	225	135	90
$90,000 to $99,999	940	660	285	205	135	65
$100,000 and over	2,460	1,990	470	590	520	65
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	37,675	...	...	4,500	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	57,069	...	...	64,594	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	51,289	...	...	57,131	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,910	...	...	990	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,900	...	...	23,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,740	...	...	22,763	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	25,760	...	...	3,510	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,113	...	...	79,421	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,862	...	...	69,205	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	37,675	...	...	4,500	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,937	...	...	81,430	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,026	...	...	67,855	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,930	...	...	985	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,721	...	...	34,348	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,884	...	...	29,754	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	25,740	...	...	3,520	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,185	...	...	94,593	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,459	...	...	78,507	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	37,675	...	...	4,500	...	...
Under $5,000	480	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	435	...	...	65	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,210	...	...	140	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,085	...	...	250	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,245	...	...	255	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,870	...	...	230	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,270	...	...	290	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,130	...	...	185	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,945	...	...	160	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,775	...	...	185	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,290	...	...	325	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,890	...	...	300	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,570	...	...	265	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,085	...	...	235	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,845	...	...	205	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,555	...	...	1,375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,385	...	...	455	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,950	...	...	305	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,895	...	...	395	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,325	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,675	...	...	4,500	...	...
Under $5,000	550	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	445	...	...	65	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,215	...	...	145	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,145	...	...	250	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,595	...	...	275	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,205	...	...	245	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,635	...	...	300	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,355	...	...	230	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,200	...	...	200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,980	...	...	220	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,680	...	...	415	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,235	...	...	350	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,645	...	...	310	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,065	...	...	280	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,820	...	...	230	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,900	...	...	965	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,765	...	...	445	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,435	...	...	265	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,700	...	...	255	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	24,730	...	...	3,465	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,929	...	...	78,891	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,668	...	...	68,901	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,040	...	...	1,465	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,394	...	...	62,464	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,961	...	...	55,589	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	6,855	...	...	1,460	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,930	...	...	115,642	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,003	...	...	96,951	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,130	...	...	465	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,752	...	...	41,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,035	...	...	39,616	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	24,730	...	...	3,475	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,254	...	...	94,027	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,354	...	...	78,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,100	...	...	1,475	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,697	...	...	75,956	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,818	...	...	64,064	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	6,840	...	...	1,475	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,091	...	...	126,346	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,291	...	...	102,666	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,115	...	...	445	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,157	...	...	51,451	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,461	...	...	46,168	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,290	6,900	8,390	1,125	490	630
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,204	28,237	26,726	23,598	31,296	21,312
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,494	26,014	25,116	23,008	28,608	21,112
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,265	6,775	8,495	1,125	505	615
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,488	37,648	33,765	35,391	44,851	27,609
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,078	32,401	30,023	30,270	36,628	25,039
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	80,440	38,775	41,665	11,030	5,340	5,690
In the bottom half of the distribution	45,730	21,275	24,450	5,830	2,660	3,170
In the bottom decile	8,610	4,075	4,535	950	385	560
In the second decile	10,415	4,585	5,825	1,520	650	870
In the third decile	9,285	4,260	5,030	1,075	505	575
In the fourth decile	8,695	4,170	4,525	1,130	555	570
In the fifth decile	8,725	4,185	4,540	1,160	565	590
In the top half of the distribution	34,715	17,500	17,210	5,205	2,680	2,520
In the sixth decile	8,495	4,180	4,320	1,105	565	540
In the seventh decile	7,445	3,690	3,755	1,130	575	560
In the eighth decile	6,950	3,530	3,420	1,100	575	525
In the ninth decile	6,300	3,240	3,060	1,075	555	520
In the top decile	5,525	2,865	2,655	790	410	380
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	77,590	37,395	40,195	11,035	5,340	5,690
0 to 17 years	11,380	5,755	5,630	2,135	1,065	1,075
0 to 5 years	3,310	1,660	1,650	600	285	315
18 to 64 years	43,310	20,660	22,650	6,760	3,285	3,480
65 years and over	22,895	10,980	11,915	2,135	1,000	1,145
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,720	5,700	7,025	1,840	765	1,080
0 to 17 years	2,285	1,160	1,130	400	195	205
0 to 5 years	695	330	360	115	50	65
18 to 64 years	6,700	3,020	3,680	875	340	530
65 years and over	3,735	1,520	2,215	570	225	340
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.4	15.2	17.5	16.7	14.3	19.0
0 to 17 years (%)	20.1	20.2	20.1	18.7	18.3	19.1
0 to 5 years (%)	21.0	19.9	21.8	19.2	17.5	20.6
18 to 64 years (%)	15.5	14.6	16.2	12.9	10.4	15.2
65 years and over (%)	16.3	13.8	18.6	26.7	22.5	29.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,320	2,605	2,710	515	230	285
0 to 17 years	960	470	495	100	60	40
0 to 5 years	285	135	155	40	25	15
18 to 64 years	3,900	1,955	1,945	375	160	220
65 years and over	460	190	270	35	10	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.9	7.0	6.7	4.7	4.3	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	8.2	8.8	4.7	5.6	3.7
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	8.1	9.4	6.7	8.8	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	9.5	8.6	5.5	4.9	6.3
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.7	2.3	1.6	1.0	2.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	80,440	38,775	41,665	11,030	5,345	5,690
Official languages	79,810	38,545	41,260	11,030	5,340	5,685
English	79,770	38,520	41,255	11,025	5,340	5,685
French	4,935	2,195	2,745	365	100	265
Non-official languages	11,930	5,405	6,525	125	55	75
Aboriginal languages	470	210	265	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	0	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	25	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	425	195	235	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	420	195	225	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,465	5,200	6,265	125	55	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	25	25	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	50	45	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	460	115	345	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	50	30	30	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	390	85	305	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	20	10	10	10	0
Kannada	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	10	10	0	10
Tamil	10	10	0	10	0	0
Telugu	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,775	4,550	5,225	60	25	30
Albanian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,025	450	575	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,020	450	565	0	0	0
Belarusan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	110	65	50	0	0	0
Czech	145	65	75	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	275	100	175	0	0	0
Russian	225	80	145	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	65	20	45	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	205	120	90	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,310	1,525	1,790	15	10	10
Afrikaans	160	70	95	0	0	0
Danish	125	65	60	0	0	0
Dutch	580	245	335	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	15	0	0	0
German	2,440	1,135	1,305	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	25	20	10	0	0
Swedish	55	30	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	55	30	20	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,730	1,375	1,360	20	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	2,670	1,340	1,325	25	20	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	10	10	0
Hindi	230	120	115	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,555	1,280	1,275	10	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,890	1,305	1,590	15	0	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	520	270	250	0	0	0
Portuguese	895	395	500	0	0	0
Romanian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,575	695	885	20	0	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	140	50	90	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	50	75	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	100	45	50	20	10	15
American Sign Language	30	15	15	0	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	0	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	285	135	150	40	15	25
Chinese languages	280	135	145	40	15	25
Cantonese	135	70	65	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	155	70	85	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	20	40	15	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	20	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	45	15	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	390	155	235	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	65	30	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	315	125	185	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	80,440	38,775	41,665	11,030	5,340	5,690
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	77,670	37,450	40,220	10,980	5,310	5,670
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,635	6,010	5,625	2,205	1,080	1,125
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	66,035	31,440	34,590	8,775	4,230	4,545
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,775	1,325	1,450	55	30	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	80,440	38,780	41,665	11,035	5,345	5,690
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	68,195	33,050	35,140	10,900	5,270	5,630
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	11,930	5,560	6,375	115	50	60
Before 1981	6,850	3,320	3,535	45	25	25
1981 to 1990	1,290	535	750	15	10	10
1991 to 2000	1,540	635	905	15	10	10
2001 to 2010	1,565	720	840	20	10	10
2001 to 2005	730	340	390	20	10	10
2006 to 2010	830	385	450	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	685	340	340	20	10	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	320	170	150	20	20	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	11,930	5,560	6,375	115	50	60
Under 5 years	1,215	615	600	15	10	10
5 to 14 years	1,890	895	1,000	15	10	10
15 to 24 years	3,330	1,470	1,860	25	0	25
25 to 44 years	4,420	2,120	2,300	40	25	20
45 years and over	1,075	465	610	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	11,930	5,560	6,375	115	55	60
Americas	1,585	650	935	30	15	15
Brazil	40	10	30	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	60	35	20	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	10	30	0	0	0
Mexico	105	35	75	10	0	10
Peru	20	0	20	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,070	450	625	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	205	100	105	0	0	0
Europe	6,960	3,400	3,555	35	15	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatia	65	40	30	0	0	0
France	115	75	45	0	0	0
Germany	1,135	520	615	0	0	0
Greece	35	25	10	0	0	0
Hungary	215	95	120	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	75	30	45	0	0	0
Italy	265	160	100	0	0	0
Netherlands	505	250	250	0	0	0
Poland	230	80	155	0	0	0
Portugal	665	315	350	0	0	0
Romania	70	45	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	20	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	70	25	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,530	1,235	1,290	30	15	20
Other places of birth in Europe	905	480	430	0	0	0
Africa	365	160	210	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	35	10	30	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	230	95	140	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	45	40	0	0	0
Asia	2,760	1,195	1,560	50	25	25
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	160	80	80	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	65	30	30	15	10	0
India	1,725	835	890	10	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Iraq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Japan	50	10	45	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	100	40	60	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	360	65	295	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	30	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	145	55	90	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	270	155	110	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	685	340	345	20	0	20
Americas	90	40	50	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	15	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	20	25	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	185	110	75	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	50	45	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	25	20	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	80	35	40	0	0	0
Africa	25	20	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	340	140	205	15	0	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	15	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	190	95	95	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	90	25	70	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	45	35	10	0	0	0
Australia	40	30	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	80,445	38,775	41,665	11,030	5,345	5,690
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	12,770	5,990	6,775	150	75	75
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	17,470	8,560	8,910	205	120	90
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	50,205	24,225	25,980	10,680	5,150	5,525
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,305	2,345	2,955	65	30	40
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,875	865	1,010	25	10	15
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	945	550	395	15	15	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	930	315	615	15	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	3,075	1,305	1,770	45	25	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	300	165	135	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	50	10	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	80,445	38,780	41,665	11,035	5,345	5,690
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,145	2,840	3,305	205	120	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,980	2,760	3,225	190	115	80
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,360	1,520	1,845	85	50	35
Métis	2,555	1,190	1,365	80	50	35
Inuk (Inuit)	70	50	20	25	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	115	70	50	0	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	15	35	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	74,300	35,940	38,360	10,830	5,225	5,610
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	80,440	38,780	41,665	11,035	5,340	5,690
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,435	1,130	1,310	35	25	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	78,005	37,650	40,360	10,995	5,320	5,680
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	80,445	38,775	41,665	11,035	5,340	5,690
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,620	780	840	75	45	35
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,600	765	830	75	45	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,270	595	675	50	25	20
Métis single ancestry	310	150	160	25	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	20	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,470	2,495	2,970	260	145	120
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,290	2,440	2,850	260	145	115
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,135	1,415	1,730	155	85	70
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,090	990	1,105	65	30	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	45	15	45	35	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	175	50	125	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	55	125	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	73,350	35,500	37,850	10,700	5,155	5,545
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	80,445	38,775	41,665	11,035	5,340	5,690
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,440	2,505	2,935	110	55	60
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	2,950	1,455	1,495	40	30	15
Chinese	490	235	250	55	20	30
Black	240	80	155	10	0	10
Filipino	505	150	360	0	0	0
Latin American	270	110	160	0	0	10
Arab	50	20	25	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	230	110	120	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Korean	135	55	80	10	0	0
Japanese	315	140	175	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	75	30	40	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	120	70	45	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	75,005	36,275	38,725	10,925	5,290	5,630
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	80,445	38,780	41,665	11,035	5,345	5,690
North American Aboriginal origins	7,090	3,270	3,815	335	190	150
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,605	2,075	2,530	205	110	90
Inuit	80	65	15	45	35	15
Métis	2,605	1,200	1,400	85	45	40
Other North American origins	20,240	9,695	10,545	7,650	3,725	3,930
Acadian	115	55	60	0	0	0
American	1,550	785	765	15	10	0
Canadian	19,080	9,105	9,970	7,630	3,720	3,920
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	60	30	25	20	10	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	66,060	31,720	34,335	4,365	2,065	2,300
British Isles origins	44,035	21,080	22,960	4,240	2,010	2,225
Channel Islander	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	28,345	13,480	14,870	3,300	1,575	1,725
Irish	15,055	6,755	8,300	1,475	670	805
Manx	30	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish	18,775	8,915	9,855	470	200	270
Welsh	2,510	1,185	1,325	40	25	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,090	940	1,150	155	65	95
French origins	9,260	4,195	5,065	90	30	60
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	9,260	4,195	5,070	90	30	60
Western European origins (except French origins)	20,585	9,785	10,800	90	50	40
Austrian	1,295	645	655	0	0	0
Bavarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Belgian	445	215	230	10	0	10
Dutch	4,600	2,180	2,420	25	20	10
Flemish	30	25	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15,090	7,040	8,050	65	35	30
Luxembourger	30	10	20	0	0	0
Swiss	835	455	380	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	8,195	3,750	4,445	65	30	35
Danish	1,275	615	660	0	0	0
Finnish	705	350	350	10	0	10
Icelandic	635	250	380	0	0	0
Norwegian	3,440	1,590	1,850	35	10	20
Swedish	2,685	1,230	1,460	15	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	325	145	180	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	12,615	6,040	6,575	35	10	25
Bulgarian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	455	225	230	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	165	55	110	0	0	0
Estonian	85	40	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,620	715	905	10	0	0
Latvian	120	80	45	0	0	0
Lithuanian	120	65	55	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,970	1,350	1,620	15	0	15
Romanian	595	305	295	0	0	0
Russian	2,630	1,240	1,385	10	0	10
Slovak	275	140	135	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,425	2,675	2,750	10	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	40	10	35	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,930	2,890	3,040	70	45	30
Albanian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	455	235	215	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	280	145	135	20	20	10
Italian	2,830	1,375	1,455	0	0	0
Kosovar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	30	10	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	15	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,690	835	855	30	15	15
Serbian	100	60	35	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Spanish	610	235	375	10	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	145	80	65	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	495	205	295	0	10	0
Basque	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	175	60	120	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	300	125	170	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	185	90	100	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	65	35	30	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	0	35	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	710	330	380	15	0	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	50	0	40	0	0	0
Chilean	30	25	10	0	0	0
Colombian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mexican	330	160	170	15	0	15
Nicaraguan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	95	65	25	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	30	0	25	0	0	0
African origins	485	200	285	0	0	10
Central and West African origins	25	15	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	15	10	0	0	0
North African origins	45	15	25	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	190	75	115	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	160	55	100	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	235	90	140	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	65	15	45	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	170	70	95	10	0	10
Asian origins	5,310	2,500	2,810	115	55	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	340	180	160	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	40	15	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	40	20	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,950	1,455	1,500	50	30	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,510	1,225	1,285	30	15	10
Goan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	60	25	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	395	205	185	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	20	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	30	15	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,020	875	1,145	65	25	40
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese	680	350	335	60	30	35
Filipino	575	175	395	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	70	30	45	0	0	0
Japanese	375	165	210	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	140	55	85	0	0	0
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	50	20	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	135	80	55	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	410	215	190	0	0	0
Australian	230	120	110	0	0	0
New Zealander	75	45	35	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	110	60	55	0	0	0
Fijian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Maori	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	37,670	...	...	4,500	...	...
Owner	27,675	...	...	3,815	...	...
Renter	9,955	...	...	685	...	...
Band housing	45	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	37,670	...	...	4,505	...	...
Condominium	5,965	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	31,705	...	...	4,475	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	37,670	...	...	4,505	...	...
No bedrooms	205	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,030	...	...	100	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,995	...	...	960	...	...
3 bedrooms	11,550	...	...	2,460	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,890	...	...	975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	37,670	...	...	4,500	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,535	...	...	475	...	...
5 rooms	6,755	...	...	735	...	...
6 rooms	5,640	...	...	905	...	...
7 rooms	4,650	...	...	865	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,095	...	...	1,525	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	37,675	...	...	4,500	...	...
One person or fewer per room	37,425	...	...	4,495	...	...
More than 1 person per room	250	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	37,675	...	...	4,500	...	...
Suitable	36,715	...	...	4,415	...	...
Not suitable	955	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	37,675	...	...	4,505	...	...
1960 or before	6,610	...	...	930	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,880	...	...	1,425	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,635	...	...	545	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,880	...	...	515	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,180	...	...	200	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,815	...	...	420	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,675	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	37,670	...	...	4,505	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	35,170	...	...	4,165	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,500	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	37,675	...	...	4,505	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,110	...	...	2,635	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,855	...	...	1,840	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	710	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	37,670	...	...	4,505	...	...
15 to 24 years	640	...	...	65	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,910	...	...	420	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,820	...	...	755	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,865	...	...	890	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,870	...	...	1,010	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,315	...	...	835	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,160	...	...	435	...	...
85 years and over	2,100	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	35,400	...	...	4,495	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	26,800	...	...	3,645	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,595	...	...	850	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,720	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25,615	...	...	3,810	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.6	...	...	46.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.5	...	...	13.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	658	...	...	682	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	970	...	...	920	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	374,975	...	...	200,623	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	418,292	...	...	246,642	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,815	...	...	685	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.6	...	...	11.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.3	...	...	51.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	904	...	...	843	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	999	...	...	850	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	70,910	33,850	37,055	9,270	4,475	4,800
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,335	6,865	6,465	2,105	1,000	1,105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,415	9,675	11,740	2,295	1,020	1,275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,165	17,310	18,855	4,870	2,455	2,420
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,880	6,405	2,480	1,505	1,105	400
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,595	1,975	1,625	690	370	310
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,285	4,430	855	825	735	90
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,185	5,480	9,695	2,220	865	1,355
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,195	785	1,415	165	80	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,900	4,640	5,260	970	400	575
Bachelor's degree	6,385	2,865	3,520	690	255	435
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	735	340	400	35	35	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	465	310	160	10	0	0
Master's degree	2,040	935	1,105	225	100	125
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	275	190	80	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	40,090	18,900	21,190	5,975	2,890	3,085
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,880	2,810	2,070	815	430	390
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,045	5,705	6,340	1,355	615	745
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,165	10,385	12,780	3,800	1,845	1,955
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,025	3,630	1,395	1,165	835	325
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,055	1,115	935	540	275	265
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,970	2,510	455	625	560	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,075	3,435	6,645	1,790	670	1,125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,280	430	845	115	70	50
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,785	2,890	3,890	735	275	460
Bachelor's degree	4,475	1,880	2,605	530	185	345
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	535	240	300	25	20	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	325	190	135	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,325	510	810	175	60	110
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	125	85	45	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	70,910	33,850	37,060	9,270	4,470	4,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,745	16,540	18,205	4,400	2,015	2,380
Education	3,010	915	2,095	485	180	305
13. Education	3,005	915	2,090	485	180	305
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,045	425	620	30	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	270	180	90	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	775	240	530	20	10	10
Humanities	1,435	615	825	130	50	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	110	15	90	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	335	125	205	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	465	175	285	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	35	35	20	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	205	120	85	30	25	15
54. History	210	120	90	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	40	10	30	10	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,720	855	1,865	250	55	200
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	70	105	20	15	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	750	60	685	105	0	105
22. Legal professions and studies	445	140	300	30	10	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	15	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	525	135	385	40	0	30
45. Social sciences	760	415	345	50	25	30
Business, management and public administration	6,465	2,155	4,305	950	210	740
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	0	30	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	480	70	410	55	0	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,945	2,080	3,860	885	205	675
Physical and life sciences and technologies	980	545	430	50	30	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	455	235	225	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	190	100	90	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	235	180	55	25	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	35	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	580	330	250	150	70	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	400	270	130	140	65	75
25. Library science	95	10	90	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	35	30	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,470	7,900	570	1,545	1,435	105
04. Architecture and related services	140	95	50	10	15	0
14. Engineering	625	565	60	75	70	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,400	1,175	225	250	200	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,375	2,280	95	685	650	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,625	2,520	105	310	305	0
48. Precision production	1,300	1,255	50	215	200	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,290	815	475	45	30	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	830	465	360	20	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	465	350	110	25	20	0
Health and related fields	7,155	1,290	5,865	665	65	600
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	565	285	275	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,460	925	5,540	655	60	595
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	80	45	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,010	1,470	1,545	570	305	265
12. Personal and culinary services	2,030	600	1,425	270	35	235
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	45	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	315	260	50	45	20	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	630	555	70	255	250	10
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	40,090	18,900	21,190	5,975	2,885	3,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,925	8,520	8,410	2,170	1,035	1,135
Education	1,705	430	1,275	290	90	205
13. Education	1,705	430	1,280	290	90	205
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	645	215	425	20	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	130	75	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	515	140	375	15	10	10
Humanities	975	390	580	95	40	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	10	70	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	220	75	145	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	345	145	205	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	25	25	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	55	50	25	15	10
54. History	160	85	70	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	20	10	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,930	555	1,375	215	40	170
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	55	95	25	15	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	505	30	475	90	0	90
22. Legal professions and studies	335	85	250	30	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	345	70	280	25	10	25
45. Social sciences	545	295	250	45	20	25
Business, management and public administration	4,140	1,295	2,850	795	150	640
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	350	55	295	55	0	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,770	1,235	2,530	735	150	585
Physical and life sciences and technologies	645	330	315	45	25	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	325	145	180	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	65	60	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	145	115	35	20	10	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	10	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	440	260	180	145	70	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	340	230	105	135	60	75
25. Library science	55	10	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	10	25	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,020	4,585	430	1,190	1,100	85
04. Architecture and related services	90	45	40	10	10	0
14. Engineering	365	320	45	60	55	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	860	685	175	220	175	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,450	1,370	80	515	485	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,520	1,445	75	200	200	0
48. Precision production	735	715	15	180	170	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	915	550	365	45	25	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	570	320	250	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	340	230	105	25	15	10
Health and related fields	4,840	850	3,990	520	65	460
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	420	200	220	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,310	585	3,730	510	60	450
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	105	70	40	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,915	925	990	450	235	215
12. Personal and culinary services	1,280	405	875	215	25	190
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	240	195	45	50	25	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	385	315	70	185	185	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	70,910	33,855	37,060	9,270	4,475	4,800
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,745	16,540	18,205	4,400	2,020	2,380
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	36,160	17,310	18,855	4,870	2,455	2,420
Location of study inside Canada	31,185	14,685	16,505	4,790	2,415	2,370
Same as province or territory of residence	21,615	9,970	11,645	4,350	2,165	2,185
Different than province or territory of residence	9,570	4,715	4,860	440	255	185
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,980	2,630	2,350	75	30	45
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,340	805	530	25	10	10
Philippines	185	40	145	0	0	0
India	335	175	160	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	975	500	475	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	45	15	25	15	0	0
France	45	35	10	0	0	0
Other	2,050	1,050	1,005	15	0	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	40,090	18,900	21,190	5,975	2,885	3,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,925	8,515	8,410	2,170	1,035	1,135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,165	10,380	12,780	3,800	1,850	1,955
Location of study inside Canada	20,600	9,130	11,465	3,745	1,830	1,915
Same as province or territory of residence	15,105	6,595	8,515	3,400	1,630	1,770
Different than province or territory of residence	5,490	2,540	2,950	345	200	145
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,565	1,250	1,315	55	15	40
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	720	410	315	10	0	10
Philippines	140	40	100	0	0	0
India	295	145	155	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	370	160	205	15	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	15	25	10	10	0
France	30	15	10	0	0	0
Other	975	465	510	10	0	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	70,910	33,850	37,060	9,270	4,475	4,800
In the labour force	38,320	19,455	18,865	4,940	2,630	2,315
Employed	35,085	17,630	17,455	4,220	2,160	2,060
Unemployed	3,235	1,825	1,410	720	465	255
Not in the labour force	32,590	14,395	18,190	4,325	1,850	2,480
Participation rate	54.0	57.5	50.9	53.3	58.8	48.2
Employment rate	49.5	52.1	47.1	45.5	48.3	42.9
Unemployment rate	8.4	9.4	7.5	14.6	17.7	11.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	70,910	33,850	37,060	9,270	4,470	4,800
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	29,530	13,020	16,510	3,750	1,525	2,225
Worked	41,380	20,830	20,545	5,520	2,955	2,570
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	17,000	9,340	7,665	2,325	1,225	1,095
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	24,380	11,495	12,885	3,200	1,730	1,470
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.1	40.5	39.8	37.9	37.2	38.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	38,320	19,455	18,865	4,945	2,630	2,315
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	560	285	275	70	20	45
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	37,760	19,165	18,590	4,875	2,600	2,270
Employee	31,095	15,250	15,845	4,510	2,395	2,120
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,665	3,915	2,745	360	210	155
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	38,320	19,455	18,870	4,940	2,625	2,315
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	565	280	280	65	20	45
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	37,755	19,165	18,590	4,875	2,605	2,270
0 Management occupations	4,650	2,805	1,845	295	160	140
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,850	1,120	3,730	505	115	390
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,635	1,220	415	185	180	0
3 Health occupations	2,995	575	2,415	300	45	250
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,285	975	2,310	605	130	475
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	895	385	510	65	25	40
6 Sales and service occupations	9,555	3,660	5,895	1,100	320	780
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,350	5,900	450	1,405	1,330	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,185	1,535	655	205	180	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,355	995	360	215	120	90
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	38,320	19,455	18,870	4,945	2,625	2,320
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	560	285	275	70	25	45
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	37,760	19,170	18,590	4,875	2,605	2,270
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,900	1,790	1,110	100	85	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	785	685	95	175	160	15
22 Utilities	145	105	35	30	15	10
23 Construction	3,560	3,145	420	920	840	80
31-33 Manufacturing	2,745	2,045	695	355	245	110
41 Wholesale trade	945	640	305	185	125	60
44-45 Retail trade	4,715	2,060	2,650	580	215	360
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,245	865	385	195	165	35
51 Information and cultural industries	430	220	215	35	20	10
52 Finance and insurance	995	305	690	85	25	65
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	840	435	400	40	20	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,770	865	905	150	85	65
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	20	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,370	800	560	130	65	65
61 Educational services	1,975	645	1,325	285	65	215
62 Health care and social assistance	4,980	870	4,110	680	80	600
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	955	520	430	25	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,705	1,425	2,280	425	90	340
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,690	705	985	250	155	100
91 Public administration	1,995	1,015	980	230	130	100
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35,085	17,630	17,455	4,225	2,160	2,065
Worked at home	3,845	1,895	1,950	160	55	110
Worked outside Canada	125	65	60	10	15	0
No fixed workplace address	4,540	3,375	1,165	725	575	150
Worked at usual place	26,570	12,285	14,280	3,325	1,520	1,800
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	26,570	12,290	14,280	3,325	1,520	1,800
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15,370	6,750	8,620	990	375	615
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,225	4,370	4,855	2,165	1,000	1,165
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,595	915	680	55	55	0
Commute to a different province or territory	380	255	120	105	90	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	31,110	15,665	15,445	4,050	2,095	1,955
Car, truck, van - as a driver	24,550	12,480	12,075	3,390	1,695	1,695
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,070	895	1,170	280	130	145
Public transit	400	155	245	95	90	0
Walked	2,815	1,245	1,570	130	50	85
Bicycle	510	340	165	0	0	0
Other method	765	550	215	155	130	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	31,110	15,665	15,445	4,050	2,095	1,950
Less than 15 minutes	16,885	7,725	9,160	1,600	665	930
15 to 29 minutes	8,785	4,540	4,240	1,055	410	645
30 to 44 minutes	2,820	1,695	1,125	305	190	120
45 to 59 minutes	1,205	730	475	205	180	20
60 minutes and over	1,415	975	440	885	655	235
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	31,110	15,665	15,445	4,050	2,095	1,955
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,925	1,460	470	400	340	55
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,080	3,875	2,205	625	405	215
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,845	4,150	3,695	1,065	570	490
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,185	2,535	4,650	875	280	595
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,795	1,435	2,360	380	65	315
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,280	2,215	2,065	710	435	275
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	42,870	21,530	21,340	5,680	3,015	2,670
Single responses	42,555	21,365	21,185	5,670	3,015	2,660
Official languages	42,140	21,135	21,000	5,660	3,010	2,655
English	42,060	21,105	20,955	5,650	3,005	2,650
French	80	35	45	10	0	0
Non-official languages	415	230	185	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	405	225	185	15	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	375	205	165	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	340	190	150	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	340	185	155	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	340	190	150	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	20	15	0	10	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	10	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	310	165	150	0	0	10
English and French	70	30	40	10	0	10
English and non-official language	245	135	110	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	42,865	21,530	21,335	5,680	3,010	2,665
None	41,490	20,875	20,615	5,625	3,005	2,620
English	245	125	120	20	10	10
French	435	240	200	35	10	30
Non-official language	655	275	375	0	0	10
Aboriginal	80	15	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	575	265	310	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	79,850	38,460	41,390	10,910	5,290	5,620
Non-movers	67,980	32,765	35,220	10,215	4,940	5,275
Movers	11,865	5,695	6,170	695	350	345
Non-migrants	5,345	2,560	2,780	300	150	155
Migrants	6,520	3,130	3,385	395	200	195
Internal migrants	6,175	3,010	3,165	380	195	185
Intraprovincial migrants	4,505	2,160	2,345	330	170	165
Interprovincial migrants	1,675	850	820	50	20	25
External migrants	345	120	220	10	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	77,630	37,340	40,290	10,565	5,140	5,430
Non-movers	46,530	22,380	24,150	8,100	3,925	4,175
Movers	31,095	14,960	16,140	2,470	1,210	1,260
Non-migrants	12,480	6,095	6,385	955	475	485
Migrants	18,620	8,865	9,755	1,510	740	775
Internal migrants	17,670	8,400	9,260	1,445	715	730
Intraprovincial migrants	12,780	6,065	6,720	1,090	520	565
Interprovincial migrants	4,885	2,340	2,545	360	190	165
External migrants	950	465	490	65	25	40

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Okanagan-Similkameen, RD [Census division], British Columbia and Bay Roberts [Census agglomeration], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Bay Roberts [Census agglomeration], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Bay Roberts [Census agglomeration], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Bay Roberts [Census agglomeration], Newfoundland and Labrador