Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abbotsford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Abbotsford, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Abbotsford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Abbotsford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	141,397	...	...	1,569	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	133,497	...	...	1,616	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.9	...	...	-2.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	51,770	...	...	852	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	49,040	...	...	688	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	376.5	...	...	13.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	375.55	...	...	114.75	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	141,395	69,640	71,760	1,570	840	730
0 to 14 years	25,995	13,400	12,590	280	155	130
0 to 4 years	8,480	4,330	4,145	90	45	50
5 to 9 years	8,950	4,625	4,325	100	55	40
10 to 14 years	8,565	4,445	4,120	90	45	45
15 to 64 years	91,555	45,415	46,140	1,000	530	470
15 to 19 years	8,930	4,610	4,325	75	35	45
20 to 24 years	9,330	4,780	4,545	65	35	30
25 to 29 years	9,335	4,685	4,650	85	45	45
30 to 34 years	9,775	4,830	4,950	90	55	35
35 to 39 years	9,065	4,450	4,610	110	65	50
40 to 44 years	8,760	4,255	4,505	95	55	45
45 to 49 years	9,135	4,480	4,650	90	50	45
50 to 54 years	9,365	4,725	4,640	125	70	55
55 to 59 years	9,375	4,555	4,825	120	65	55
60 to 64 years	8,485	4,045	4,440	140	75	65
65 years and over	23,845	10,820	13,030	285	150	130
65 to 69 years	7,630	3,535	4,100	125	75	55
70 to 74 years	5,575	2,700	2,875	65	40	35
75 to 79 years	4,150	1,915	2,240	45	25	25
80 to 84 years	3,075	1,420	1,655	25	10	10
85 years and over	3,425	1,255	2,170	20	10	15
85 to 89 years	2,085	820	1,260	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	1,020	345	675	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	285	85	200	0	0	0
100 years and over	40	5	30	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.4	19.2	17.5	17.8	18.5	17.8
15 to 64 years	64.8	65.2	64.3	63.7	63.1	64.4
65 years and over	16.9	15.5	18.2	18.2	17.9	17.8
85 years and over	2.4	1.8	3.0	1.3	1.2	2.1
Average age of the population	39.9	38.9	40.9	41.9	42.2	41.7
Median age of the population	39.0	37.8	40.2	43.8	44.2	43.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
Single-detached house	19,540	...	...	630	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,000	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	28,220	...	...	50	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,320	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	4,290	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10,215	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,335	...	...	25	...	...
Other single-attached house	60	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	285	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
1 person	11,700	...	...	210	...	...
2 persons	15,485	...	...	270	...	...
3 persons	6,905	...	...	85	...	...
4 persons	7,100	...	...	75	...	...
5 or more persons	7,850	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	138,555	...	...	1,570	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	115,405	56,235	59,170	1,285	685	600
Married or living common law	70,055	35,150	34,905	820	415	405
Married	63,180	31,730	31,445	415	210	200
Living common law	6,875	3,420	3,460	410	205	200
Not married and not living common law	45,350	21,085	24,265	465	270	195
Never married	28,865	15,695	13,170	310	190	120
Separated	3,105	1,335	1,770	20	5	10
Divorced	6,745	2,645	4,095	85	50	30
Widowed	6,640	1,410	5,230	50	20	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	39,295	...	...	470	...	...
2 persons	18,775	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	7,820	...	...	90	...	...
4 persons	8,355	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	4,340	...	...	40	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	39,295	...	...	475	...	...
Total couple families	33,670	...	...	410	...	...
Married couples	30,235	...	...	210	...	...
Common-law couples	3,435	...	...	205	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,620	...	...	60	...	...
Female parent	4,440	...	...	40	...	...
Male parent	1,180	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	33,670	...	...	410	...	...
Couples without children	15,540	...	...	240	...	...
Couples with children	18,125	...	...	165	...	...
1 child	6,120	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	7,855	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more children	4,150	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,625	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	3,240	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	1,700	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	685	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	20,800	9,605	11,190	265	165	100
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	49,040	...	...	685	...	...
One-census-family households	32,285	...	...	455	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	12,590	...	...	230	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	19,700	...	...	225	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	3,300	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,455	...	...	225	...	...
One-person households	11,700	...	...	210	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,750	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	139,255	68,440	70,815	1,570	840	730
English only	125,175	62,275	62,895	0	0	0
French only	30	15	20	1,275	675	595
English and French	6,155	2,715	3,445	300	160	135
Neither English nor French	7,890	3,440	4,450	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	139,255	68,440	70,810	1,570	840	730
English	130,045	64,355	65,695	15	10	5
French	935	470	470	1,550	830	720
English and French	465	220	245	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	7,805	3,400	4,410	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,170	580	590	15	10	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.8	0.8	1.0	1.2	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	139,255	68,440	70,815	1,570	840	730
Single responses	135,815	66,760	69,055	1,565	835	730
Official languages	90,585	44,715	45,870	1,550	835	720
English	89,550	44,200	45,355	15	5	10
French	1,030	515	510	1,535	825	710
Non-official languages	45,235	22,045	23,190	10	5	10
Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45,205	22,030	23,175	10	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	395	220	180	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	390	210	175	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	340	185	150	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	885	395	490	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	10	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	850	380	475	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,070	430	645	0	0	0
Bikol	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	20	35	0	0	0
Fijian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	55	30	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	875	345	525	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	135	70	65	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	70	35	35	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	40	25	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	38,820	19,060	19,765	15	5	10
Albanian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Armenian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,295	610	685	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,280	600	680	0	0	5
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Czech	85	45	45	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	300	135	170	0	0	0
Russian	415	185	230	0	0	0
Serbian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	45	20	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	230	115	115	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,275	2,880	3,400	5	5	5
Afrikaans	115	60	65	0	0	0
Danish	130	65	65	0	0	0
Dutch	1,285	610	675	0	0	0
Frisian	35	15	15	0	0	0
German	4,590	2,070	2,515	5	5	5
Icelandic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Swedish	50	20	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	60	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	29,305	14,580	14,725	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	29,010	14,415	14,590	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	75	40	35	0	0	0
Hindi	590	270	315	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	28,050	13,950	14,105	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	210	105	105	0	0	0
Iranian languages	275	150	125	0	0	0
Kurdish	55	35	20	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	215	115	100	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,780	905	875	5	0	5
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	185	95	85	0	0	0
Portuguese	185	90	90	0	0	0
Romanian	235	125	115	0	0	0
Spanish	1,175	590	585	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	205	80	125	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	55	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	35	20	15	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,635	795	845	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,630	790	840	0	0	0
Cantonese	520	275	245	0	0	0
Hakka	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	950	435	520	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	25	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	70	40	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	245	120	125	0	0	0
Lao	205	100	105	0	0	0
Thai	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	50	30	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	360	175	190	0	0	0
Estonian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Finnish	95	40	55	0	0	0
Hungarian	255	130	120	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,440	1,680	1,760	5	5	5
English and French	200	90	115	5	0	0
English and non-official language	3,135	1,545	1,595	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	25	35	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	45	25	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	139,250	68,440	70,815	1,570	835	730
Single responses	130,655	64,125	66,530	1,550	830	720
Official languages	102,830	50,435	52,395	1,550	830	720
English	102,645	50,350	52,300	10	5	5
French	180	90	95	1,540	825	720
Non-official languages	27,825	13,690	14,135	0	0	5
Aboriginal languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	27,810	13,680	14,135	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	230	115	120	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	225	110	115	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	205	100	105	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	595	260	340	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	590	260	330	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	370	170	195	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	310	150	160	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	65	35	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	24,195	11,960	12,235	5	0	0
Albanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	475	225	250	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	470	225	245	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	50	55	0	0	0
Russian	245	110	135	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	800	355	445	0	0	0
Afrikaans	65	30	35	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	75	30	40	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	640	285	355	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	22,095	10,945	11,155	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	21,925	10,855	11,070	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	280	135	145	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	21,465	10,630	10,835	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	125	65	60	0	0	0
Iranian languages	160	85	80	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	125	65	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	770	410	360	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	25	20	5	0	0
Romanian	120	55	60	0	0	0
Spanish	580	315	260	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	100	45	55	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	925	405	520	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	20	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,005	520	490	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,005	520	490	0	0	0
Cantonese	285	150	130	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	665	340	325	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	115	60	55	0	0	0
Lao	95	50	50	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	20	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	8,600	4,320	4,285	20	10	10
English and French	125	50	70	5	0	5
English and non-official language	8,355	4,220	4,140	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	5	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	105	35	70	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	139,255	68,440	70,815	1,570	835	730
None	120,710	59,285	61,420	1,525	815	710
English	8,690	4,430	4,260	30	15	15
French	870	375	490	5	5	0
Non-official language	8,775	4,245	4,535	5	5	0
Aboriginal	10	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	8,765	4,240	4,530	5	5	5
English and French	35	15	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	85	40	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	112,615	54,790	57,825	1,285	685	600
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	108,160	52,710	55,455	1,255	675	580
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,741	38,324	23,955	27,733	31,979	22,208
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	108,280	52,815	55,460	1,260	680	580
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,226	33,771	22,867	25,552	28,448	21,376
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	95,740	47,910	47,825	1,060	595	470
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,353	38,156	20,968	25,600	29,675	19,552
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,925	33,045	44,880	1,030	535	490
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,593	3,707	6,354	8,827	8,326	9,664
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,445	42,420	40,020	845	485	365
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,555	38,004	21,365	27,792	31,680	24,160
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	112,615	54,805	57,805	1,275	695	575
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	108,070	52,590	55,475	1,250	685	565
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,098	48,531	32,103	30,357	33,854	26,112
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	108,170	52,685	55,485	1,245	685	565
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,326	40,367	28,590	26,769	29,466	23,494
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,565	47,670	47,895	1,050	605	445
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,099	48,500	29,743	27,051	30,101	22,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,685	32,935	44,750	1,005	535	470
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,682	7,298	7,965	9,573	9,487	9,671
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,445	42,265	40,175	845	470	370
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,890	46,501	28,832	28,818	32,544	23,999
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	112,615	54,805	57,810	1,275	695	580
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	33,705	20,415	13,290	420	255	165
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,454	56,005	42,205	36,973	38,803	34,006
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,017	63,170	47,565	39,099	41,781	35,021
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.3	90.6	79.9	76.2	80.7	69.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.3	77.2	65.0	63.6	68.1	57.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.7	9.4	20.1	23.8	19.4	30.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	112,615	54,790	57,825	1,285	690	600
Without total income	4,455	2,080	2,370	25	10	20
With total income	108,160	52,710	55,455	1,255	675	580
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.2	95.9	97.7	97.8	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,120	6,600	9,515	155	65	85
$10,000 to $19,999	21,885	8,250	13,635	295	115	170
$20,000 to $29,999	16,460	6,540	9,915	230	125	105
$30,000 to $39,999	13,105	5,945	7,155	200	115	90
$40,000 to $49,999	10,600	5,375	5,225	125	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	8,100	4,705	3,395	115	80	30
$60,000 to $69,999	5,860	3,775	2,085	65	55	15
$70,000 to $79,999	4,485	3,015	1,475	30	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	3,495	2,375	1,115	15	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,225	1,560	660	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	5,835	4,560	1,275	15	10	0
$100,000 to $149,999	4,290	3,320	970	10	5	5
$150,000 and over	1,545	1,240	310	0	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	112,615	54,790	57,825	1,285	685	595
Without after-tax income	4,335	1,980	2,360	25	10	20
With after-tax income	108,280	52,815	55,465	1,255	680	580
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.4	95.9	97.7	99.3	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,660	6,920	9,745	155	65	90
$10,000 to $19,999	23,045	8,950	14,095	300	120	185
$20,000 to $29,999	19,150	7,805	11,345	295	170	125
$30,000 to $39,999	14,915	7,120	7,795	215	125	85
$40,000 to $49,999	11,325	6,170	5,160	150	100	55
$50,000 to $59,999	7,840	4,940	2,900	80	55	20
$60,000 to $69,999	5,485	3,690	1,790	40	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,720	2,560	1,165	15	5	0
$80,000 and over	6,130	4,660	1,470	15	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,210	1,615	600	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,265	965	300	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,655	2,085	570	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	112,610	54,790	57,820	1,285	685	600
Without employment income	30,175	12,370	17,800	435	200	235
With employment income	82,445	42,425	40,020	850	485	360
Percentage with employment income	73.2	77.4	69.2	66.1	70.8	60.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	12,195	5,475	6,720	110	60	50
$5,000 to $9,999	7,425	2,750	4,675	70	30	40
$10,000 to $19,999	12,710	5,020	7,690	135	65	75
$20,000 to $29,999	10,315	4,500	5,810	135	75	65
$30,000 to $39,999	8,835	4,270	4,565	150	75	75
$40,000 to $49,999	7,820	4,175	3,650	90	55	30
$50,000 to $59,999	6,085	3,730	2,355	70	55	15
$60,000 to $69,999	4,460	3,035	1,425	40	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	3,545	2,485	1,065	15	15	5
$80,000 and over	9,050	6,985	2,060	30	25	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,845	2,015	825	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,810	1,310	495	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	4,405	3,660	735	10	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,511	...	...	51,285	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,112	...	...	45,696	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,700	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,863	...	...	25,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,753	...	...	24,896	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	37,340	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,866	...	...	62,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,391	...	...	55,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	88,362	...	...	55,122	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	75,715	...	...	48,606	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,690	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,971	...	...	31,471	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,373	...	...	27,434	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	37,350	...	...	460	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,195	...	...	66,678	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,341	...	...	58,951	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
Under $5,000	750	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	505	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,215	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,805	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,000	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,785	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,055	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,035	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,970	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,075	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,775	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,655	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,490	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,155	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,910	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,870	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,670	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,740	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,840	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,620	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
Under $5,000	790	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	515	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,230	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,860	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,275	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,155	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,440	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,330	...	...	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,400	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,310	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,480	...	...	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,145	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,875	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,430	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,900	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,895	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,130	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,020	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,740	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	36,270	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,100	...	...	62,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,680	...	...	55,936	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	12,400	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,138	...	...	52,352	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,443	...	...	46,912	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	17,895	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,490	...	...	88,064	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,507	...	...	78,848	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.5	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,790	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,715	...	...	50,880	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,899	...	...	46,464	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	36,280	...	...	450	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,244	...	...	66,954	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,458	...	...	59,164	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	12,400	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,746	...	...	58,412	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,488	...	...	51,718	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	17,875	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,543	...	...	85,763	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,992	...	...	75,170	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,785	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,931	...	...	53,116	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,548	...	...	48,493	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,650	7,940	8,715	240	155	85
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,538	33,768	26,480	25,899	29,024	22,336
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,096	30,297	25,000	24,640	25,440	21,824
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	16,595	8,090	8,505	250	165	85
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,596	41,112	34,252	31,147	31,562	30,372
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,545	34,747	30,451	27,239	27,923	25,962
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	138,555	68,170	70,385	1,570	840	730
In the bottom half of the distribution	73,970	35,355	38,615	1,115	590	525
In the bottom decile	12,160	5,700	6,465	160	80	75
In the second decile	13,850	6,225	7,625	250	130	120
In the third decile	14,885	7,125	7,765	255	140	115
In the fourth decile	17,045	8,380	8,665	270	140	125
In the fifth decile	16,025	7,930	8,100	185	100	90
In the top half of the distribution	64,585	32,815	31,770	450	245	205
In the sixth decile	15,280	7,690	7,590	180	95	85
In the seventh decile	14,295	7,205	7,095	130	70	55
In the eighth decile	13,430	6,825	6,605	90	50	40
In the ninth decile	11,995	6,120	5,875	35	15	15
In the top decile	9,580	4,965	4,610	20	10	10
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	138,555	68,165	70,390	1,570	840	730
0 to 17 years	31,200	16,060	15,145	330	175	155
0 to 5 years	10,250	5,235	5,010	115	60	50
18 to 64 years	85,105	41,830	43,275	955	515	445
65 years and over	22,250	10,280	11,970	285	155	130
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,800	8,095	9,710	285	145	140
0 to 17 years	4,900	2,590	2,310	60	30	35
0 to 5 years	1,580	840	740	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	9,785	4,355	5,430	150	85	70
65 years and over	3,120	1,150	1,970	75	40	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	11.9	13.8	18.2	17.3	19.2
0 to 17 years (%)	15.7	16.1	15.3	18.2	17.1	22.6
0 to 5 years (%)	15.4	16.0	14.8	8.7	8.3	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.4	12.5	15.7	16.5	15.7
65 years and over (%)	14.0	11.2	16.5	26.3	25.8	23.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	9,805	4,640	5,165	75	35	35
0 to 17 years	2,535	1,340	1,190	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	750	395	355	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	6,540	3,030	3,510	55	30	25
65 years and over	735	275	460	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.1	6.8	7.3	4.8	4.2	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	8.1	8.3	7.9	4.5	2.9	6.5
0 to 5 years (%)	7.3	7.5	7.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.7	7.2	8.1	5.8	5.8	5.6
65 years and over (%)	3.3	2.7	3.8	1.8	0.0	3.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	138,555	68,165	70,385	1,570	880	690
Official languages	130,740	64,795	65,940	1,570	880	690
English	130,685	64,775	65,910	280	140	135
French	6,255	2,730	3,525	1,570	875	690
Non-official languages	53,270	26,120	27,145	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	10	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	53,230	26,105	27,120	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	715	405	315	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	705	405	305	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	605	350	255	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	45	25	20	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	45	25	15	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	975	480	490	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	60	40	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	920	440	480	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,435	550	885	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	85	10	70	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	10	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	80	40	40	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,305	485	825	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	110	65	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	0	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	75	50	35	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	190	85	105	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	35	45	0	0	0
Tamil	90	45	45	0	0	0
Telugu	40	15	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45,375	22,490	22,885	10	10	0
Albanian	130	70	60	0	0	0
Armenian	60	40	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,545	720	825	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,535	715	820	0	0	0
Belarusan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Bulgarian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Croatian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Czech	105	50	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	340	140	205	0	0	0
Russian	590	275	315	0	0	0
Serbian	75	45	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	40	25	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	300	135	165	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,910	3,265	3,640	10	0	0
Afrikaans	245	115	125	0	0	0
Danish	170	80	90	0	0	0
Dutch	1,495	730	765	0	0	0
Frisian	40	35	10	0	0	0
German	4,940	2,325	2,615	10	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Swedish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	135	75	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	33,785	16,970	16,815	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	33,565	16,845	16,720	0	0	0
Bengali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	140	90	55	0	0	0
Hindi	4,065	1,975	2,090	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	20	15	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	32,510	16,305	16,200	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	55	40	20	0	0	0
Urdu	405	235	165	0	0	0
Iranian languages	235	135	100	0	0	0
Kurdish	60	40	25	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	185	95	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,460	1,690	1,770	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	430	215	215	0	0	0
Portuguese	320	160	160	0	0	0
Romanian	305	145	160	0	0	0
Spanish	2,515	1,225	1,295	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	505	235	270	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,300	580	720	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	230	105	125	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	110	55	55	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	15	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	45	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Dinka	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	310	115	195	0	0	0
American Sign Language	185	70	115	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	125	45	80	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,875	905	970	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,875	905	970	0	0	0
Cantonese	685	325	360	0	0	0
Hakka	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,340	630	705	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	30	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	410	215	190	0	0	0
Lao	335	185	155	0	0	0
Thai	105	50	55	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	100	60	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	90	55	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	340	155	190	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	100	35	60	0	0	0
Hungarian	225	110	120	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	138,555	68,170	70,390	1,570	880	690
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	125,245	61,765	63,480	1,570	875	690
Canadian citizens aged under 18	30,110	15,610	14,505	350	210	140
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	95,140	46,155	48,980	1,215	665	555
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	13,310	6,405	6,905	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	138,555	68,165	70,390	1,570	880	690
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	98,300	48,770	49,525	1,560	870	690
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	38,220	18,380	19,845	10	10	0
Before 1981	9,230	4,590	4,650	0	10	0
1981 to 1990	4,310	2,015	2,295	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	8,485	4,095	4,390	0	10	0
2001 to 2010	10,750	5,075	5,680	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	5,190	2,445	2,745	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	5,565	2,625	2,935	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	5,435	2,610	2,825	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	2,035	1,015	1,020	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	38,225	18,385	19,840	0	10	0
Under 5 years	2,700	1,410	1,285	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	5,220	2,800	2,415	10	0	0
15 to 24 years	11,220	4,885	6,335	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	12,575	6,400	6,175	10	0	0
45 years and over	6,510	2,875	3,630	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	38,220	18,380	19,840	10	10	0
Americas	3,585	1,560	2,025	0	0	0
Brazil	190	90	100	0	0	0
Colombia	100	45	55	0	0	0
El Salvador	235	105	135	0	0	0
Guyana	30	15	15	0	0	0
Haiti	50	35	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	100	55	40	0	0	0
Mexico	175	85	90	0	0	0
Peru	30	10	20	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	50	25	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,420	525	895	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,200	565	640	0	0	0
Europe	7,345	3,670	3,680	10	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	60	25	30	0	0	0
Croatia	35	20	15	0	0	0
France	65	25	40	10	10	0
Germany	815	430	385	0	0	0
Greece	65	30	30	0	0	0
Hungary	125	70	55	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	75	15	60	0	0	0
Italy	160	85	70	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,150	595	550	0	0	0
Poland	335	135	200	0	0	0
Portugal	30	10	25	0	0	0
Romania	250	115	135	0	0	0
Russian Federation	315	130	180	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	395	185	210	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,480	1,320	1,155	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	965	460	505	0	0	0
Africa	975	490	490	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	120	60	60	0	0	0
Morocco	25	20	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	25	25	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	320	160	160	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	410	200	215	0	0	0
Asia	25,805	12,400	13,410	0	0	0
Afghanistan	45	30	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	660	300	355	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	105	50	55	0	0	0
India	20,400	9,885	10,510	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	85	55	35	0	0	0
Iraq	135	75	60	0	0	0
Japan	155	65	90	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	760	355	405	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	20	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	210	100	110	0	0	0
Philippines	1,240	450	790	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	70	45	30	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	105	45	60	0	0	0
Taiwan	140	70	70	0	0	0
Viet Nam	640	300	340	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,025	545	475	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	505	260	240	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,435	2,610	2,825	0	0	0
Americas	335	145	190	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	30	20	0	0	0
Mexico	40	20	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	125	50	70	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	90	30	55	0	0	0
Europe	275	145	130	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	40	10	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	100	75	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	25	40	0	0	0
Africa	170	75	100	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	20	20	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	25	60	0	0	0
Asia	4,595	2,215	2,385	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	125	55	75	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	3,540	1,745	1,795	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	15	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	215	90	130	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Philippines	405	180	225	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	95	40	50	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	0	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	35	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	55	25	25	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	138,555	68,170	70,390	1,570	880	695
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	41,185	19,840	21,340	10	10	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	37,200	18,910	18,295	10	10	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	60,170	29,420	30,755	1,550	865	690
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	29,480	14,050	15,435	10	10	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	7,295	3,690	3,600	10	10	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,865	1,835	1,025	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	4,430	1,855	2,575	10	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20,135	9,190	10,945	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,975	1,130	840	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	138,555	68,165	70,390	1,570	880	690
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,595	3,005	3,595	45	20	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,300	2,865	3,435	35	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,180	1,515	1,665	0	10	0
Métis	3,100	1,345	1,755	25	15	10
Inuk (Inuit)	20	0	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	195	100	90	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	100	40	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	131,955	65,165	66,795	1,525	855	665
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	138,555	68,165	70,390	1,570	875	690
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,620	715	905	0	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	136,940	67,455	69,485	1,565	870	690
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	138,555	68,165	70,385	1,570	880	690
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	825	345	485	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	780	320	455	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	510	255	255	10	0	10
Métis single ancestry	270	70	205	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	50	20	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	50	20	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,445	3,035	3,410	125	80	50
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,205	2,920	3,285	125	75	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,740	1,775	1,965	125	80	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,415	1,130	1,285	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	15	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	240	110	130	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	240	110	130	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	131,285	64,790	66,490	1,435	800	630
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	138,555	68,165	70,385	1,570	880	690
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	46,635	23,205	23,430	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	35,310	17,785	17,525	0	0	0
Chinese	2,290	1,125	1,170	0	0	0
Black	1,415	705	700	0	0	0
Filipino	1,570	610	955	0	0	0
Latin American	1,120	495	620	0	0	0
Arab	340	205	130	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,540	785	755	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	215	145	70	0	0	0
Korean	1,340	625	715	0	0	0
Japanese	515	230	285	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	230	130	100	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	755	355	400	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	91,920	44,965	46,955	1,570	880	690
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	138,555	68,165	70,390	1,570	880	695
North American Aboriginal origins	7,270	3,375	3,895	135	75	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,545	2,165	2,375	135	80	60
Inuit	45	10	35	0	0	0
Métis	2,975	1,330	1,640	0	0	0
Other North American origins	27,350	13,355	13,990	1,345	745	595
Acadian	115	55	60	0	0	10
American	1,950	900	1,045	0	0	0
Canadian	26,055	12,750	13,300	1,285	725	565
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	0	20	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	10	15	50	25	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	84,035	40,795	43,240	420	230	185
British Isles origins	48,945	23,495	25,450	65	35	30
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	30,285	14,360	15,925	10	10	0
Irish	16,395	7,485	8,905	50	30	25
Manx	20	0	15	0	0	0
Scottish	21,760	10,430	11,325	10	10	0
Welsh	2,610	1,130	1,480	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,110	1,425	1,685	10	0	0
French origins	10,275	4,685	5,600	350	195	155
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,280	4,680	5,595	345	195	155
Western European origins (except French origins)	37,805	18,230	19,575	15	15	10
Austrian	1,420	620	795	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	415	160	255	0	0	0
Dutch	13,735	6,670	7,065	0	0	0
Flemish	105	45	55	0	0	0
Frisian	100	50	45	0	0	0
German	26,650	12,750	13,900	0	0	0
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	905	425	485	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	9,800	4,475	5,325	0	0	0
Danish	1,820	840	975	0	0	0
Finnish	1,010	485	520	0	0	0
Icelandic	670	275	400	0	0	0
Norwegian	3,875	1,725	2,150	0	0	0
Swedish	3,150	1,460	1,695	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	335	150	180	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	18,795	9,085	9,715	0	0	0
Bulgarian	90	50	45	0	0	0
Byelorussian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Czech	350	185	160	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	220	105	120	0	0	0
Estonian	185	110	75	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,930	945	980	0	0	0
Latvian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Lithuanian	125	50	70	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	4,370	1,985	2,390	0	0	0
Romanian	930	470	470	0	0	0
Russian	6,490	3,205	3,285	0	0	0
Slovak	150	75	75	0	0	0
Ukrainian	7,060	3,360	3,695	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	70	30	40	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,635	3,405	3,230	10	10	0
Albanian	95	50	50	0	0	0
Bosnian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	310	160	150	0	0	0
Cypriot	25	20	0	0	0	0
Greek	605	325	280	0	0	0
Italian	3,410	1,750	1,660	0	10	0
Kosovar	45	25	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	70	25	45	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	635	395	235	0	0	0
Serbian	130	70	60	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	130	95	35	0	0	0
Spanish	1,460	660	795	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	130	70	65	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	895	470	430	15	10	10
Basque	30	15	15	0	0	0
Jewish	360	205	160	20	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	485	230	250	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	735	375	360	0	0	0
Antiguan	15	15	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dominican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	100	60	45	0	0	0
Jamaican	355	205	145	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	65	20	45	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,350	1,180	1,165	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	75	30	40	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	225	120	105	0	0	0
Chilean	105	60	45	0	0	0
Colombian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Costa Rican	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	105	60	45	0	0	0
Guyanese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	80	40	40	0	0	0
Honduran	40	20	25	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	620	325	300	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	45	15	25	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	315	180	135	0	0	0
Peruvian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Salvadorean	380	145	240	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	45	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	165	85	80	0	0	0
African origins	1,700	835	865	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	160	80	85	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	20	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	10	15	0	0	0
North African origins	295	170	130	0	0	0
Algerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	25	20	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	65	45	20	0	0	0
Sudanese	135	60	75	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	545	290	255	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	85	40	45	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
South African	315	185	125	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	80	45	30	0	0	0
Other African origins	755	340	415	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	700	320	380	0	0	0
Asian origins	44,110	22,010	22,105	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,125	655	465	0	0	0
Afghan	85	55	35	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	75	45	30	0	0	0
Armenian	120	70	50	0	0	0
Assyrian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	195	115	80	0	0	0
Iraqi	120	75	45	0	0	0
Israeli	75	30	35	0	0	0
Jordanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	105	55	50	0	0	0
Palestinian	40	35	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Syrian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	105	70	35	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	10	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	70	50	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins	35,080	17,670	17,415	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30,835	15,470	15,370	0	0	0
Goan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	370	205	165	0	0	0
Punjabi	4,900	2,480	2,425	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	90	55	35	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	430	220	210	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	7,950	3,720	4,225	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	70	40	25	0	0	0
Chinese	2,970	1,420	1,545	0	0	0
Filipino	1,750	685	1,070	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	75	35	35	0	0	0
Japanese	565	260	305	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,350	625	720	0	0	0
Laotian	465	255	205	0	0	0
Malaysian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	55	35	20	0	0	0
Thai	150	70	80	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	45	25	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	85	50	40	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	90	45	40	0	0	0
Oceania origins	840	450	395	0	0	0
Australian	370	190	175	0	0	0
New Zealander	75	50	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	415	215	200	0	0	0
Fijian	265	120	145	0	0	0
Hawaiian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Maori	35	25	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
Owner	34,320	...	...	605	...	...
Renter	14,720	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
Condominium	12,365	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	36,670	...	...	680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
No bedrooms	230	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,235	...	...	55	...	...
2 bedrooms	14,655	...	...	235	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,990	...	...	220	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	17,925	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	49,040	...	...	685	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,445	...	...	145	...	...
5 rooms	6,925	...	...	160	...	...
6 rooms	5,760	...	...	105	...	...
7 rooms	5,175	...	...	105	...	...
8 or more rooms	17,730	...	...	165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	49,040	...	...	685	...	...
One person or fewer per room	47,285	...	...	680	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,750	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
Suitable	45,995	...	...	675	...	...
Not suitable	3,045	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
1960 or before	2,710	...	...	210	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,275	...	...	270	...	...
1981 to 1990	11,205	...	...	70	...	...
1991 to 2000	11,500	...	...	55	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,490	...	...	35	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,340	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,525	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	49,040	...	...	690	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	46,975	...	...	630	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,065	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	49,040	...	...	685	...	...
1 household maintainer	26,860	...	...	465	...	...
2 household maintainers	19,755	...	...	225	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	2,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	49,040	...	...	685	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,565	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,890	...	...	90	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,525	...	...	80	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,040	...	...	165	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,370	...	...	165	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,895	...	...	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,035	...	...	55	...	...
85 years and over	1,715	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	47,920	...	...	670	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	36,030	...	...	570	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,890	...	...	105	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,330	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	33,325	...	...	590	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	65.6	...	...	58.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	18.8	...	...	14.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,251	...	...	591	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,383	...	...	670	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	499,921	...	...	140,196	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	516,858	...	...	149,698	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,645	...	...	80	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.5	...	...	18.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	879	...	...	520	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	968	...	...	684	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	112,615	54,810	57,810	1,275	695	575
No certificate, diploma or degree	24,330	12,090	12,240	405	220	190
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	38,085	19,050	19,035	220	110	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,200	23,665	26,535	645	365	280
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,490	6,915	2,570	405	260	150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,205	2,435	1,770	265	145	120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,280	4,480	805	140	110	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,455	6,345	11,110	170	80	95
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,725	1,835	2,890	20	10	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	18,530	8,570	9,960	55	35	20
Bachelor's degree	12,170	5,390	6,785	30	15	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,495	585	910	0	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	710	480	230	10	10	0
Master's degree	3,760	1,835	1,920	15	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	400	280	120	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	72,315	35,170	37,145	855	470	380
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,745	5,745	4,995	240	130	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,695	12,090	11,605	135	70	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,875	17,325	20,550	475	265	215
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,490	4,800	1,685	305	195	115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,880	1,680	1,195	205	115	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,610	3,125	490	100	80	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,130	4,680	8,450	125	55	70
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,365	1,305	2,060	20	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,885	6,540	8,345	30	10	20
Bachelor's degree	9,755	4,140	5,615	20	10	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,210	455	755	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	565	370	190	0	10	0
Master's degree	3,080	1,405	1,675	0	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	280	170	100	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	112,615	54,805	57,810	1,275	695	575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	62,415	31,140	31,275	625	330	300
Education	3,930	1,045	2,885	50	15	35
13. Education	3,925	1,045	2,890	50	10	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,455	585	870	25	10	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	260	195	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,195	390	805	25	10	15
Humanities	4,680	2,055	2,630	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	315	80	235	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	660	165	495	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,605	680	925	15	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	260	170	85	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,205	655	550	0	0	0
54. History	530	285	250	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	105	20	90	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,930	1,635	3,295	15	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	115	110	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,090	45	1,045	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	785	225	560	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	105	30	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	880	230	645	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,810	980	830	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,905	3,270	5,635	90	25	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	835	190	640	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,050	3,080	4,975	85	25	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,380	700	680	15	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	545	245	300	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	480	250	230	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	245	185	60	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	20	85	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,610	1,005	605	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,335	885	445	0	0	0
25. Library science	115	0	110	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	150	110	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,925	9,370	555	225	210	15
04. Architecture and related services	150	125	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,430	1,265	165	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,500	1,340	160	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,735	2,660	75	40	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,820	2,725	90	90	75	15
48. Precision production	1,290	1,245	40	70	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,135	735	400	50	20	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	900	570	335	45	20	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	235	165	70	0	0	0
Health and related fields	8,835	1,700	7,130	65	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	540	275	265	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,090	1,285	6,800	65	10	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	200	135	65	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,405	1,565	1,840	105	55	45
12. Personal and culinary services	2,090	530	1,565	55	15	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	575	385	190	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	710	625	85	40	35	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	72,315	35,170	37,145	855	470	385
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,440	17,840	16,600	375	205	170
Education	2,910	685	2,220	10	0	15
13. Education	2,905	685	2,220	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,150	420	730	20	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	145	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	945	275	675	20	10	15
Humanities	3,520	1,460	2,060	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	245	60	185	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	465	125	345	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,345	520	825	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	195	130	60	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	740	400	350	0	0	0
54. History	455	220	235	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	75	10	65	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,855	1,220	2,630	20	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	160	85	70	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	870	40	830	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	635	175	465	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	30	50	0	0	0
42. Psychology	625	140	485	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	1,455	740	710	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,875	2,450	4,420	90	25	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	645	140	505	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,215	2,310	3,900	80	25	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	920	465	455	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	360	165	190	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	325	170	155	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	125	45	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	0	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,395	885	515	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,200	810	400	0	0	0
25. Library science	85	10	80	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	70	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,130	6,695	440	175	160	15
04. Architecture and related services	120	100	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,035	905	130	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,105	990	110	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,945	1,890	65	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,010	1,930	80	85	70	10
48. Precision production	925	890	35	55	50	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	885	555	330	30	15	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	710	440	270	35	10	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	120	60	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,680	1,320	5,360	40	10	40
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	425	215	210	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,090	1,005	5,085	40	10	40
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	160	100	60	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,555	1,170	1,385	80	40	30
12. Personal and culinary services	1,500	375	1,125	35	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	490	320	170	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	540	455	85	35	30	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	112,615	54,810	57,810	1,270	695	575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	62,410	31,140	31,275	625	330	295
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	50,200	23,665	26,535	650	370	280
Location of study inside Canada	39,685	18,375	21,310	650	370	280
Same as province or territory of residence	32,630	14,895	17,735	630	355	270
Different than province or territory of residence	7,060	3,480	3,575	20	15	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10,515	5,290	5,225	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,800	1,000	800	0	0	0
Philippines	625	205	420	0	0	0
India	3,910	1,935	1,975	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	910	530	380	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	255	105	155	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	3,000	1,515	1,485	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	72,315	35,170	37,145	850	470	380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,440	17,845	16,595	375	205	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	37,875	17,330	20,545	475	265	215
Location of study inside Canada	29,850	13,570	16,280	480	265	215
Same as province or territory of residence	25,200	11,300	13,900	470	260	205
Different than province or territory of residence	4,650	2,270	2,380	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,025	3,760	4,265	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,235	665	565	0	0	0
Philippines	550	170	375	0	0	0
India	3,345	1,575	1,775	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	410	200	210	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	230	95	135	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	2,240	1,040	1,200	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	112,615	54,805	57,805	1,275	695	580
In the labour force	73,750	38,865	34,885	765	445	320
Employed	68,865	36,605	32,255	705	390	315
Unemployed	4,885	2,260	2,625	60	55	0
Not in the labour force	38,865	15,935	22,930	510	255	255
Participation rate	65.5	70.9	60.3	60.0	64.0	55.2
Employment rate	61.2	66.8	55.8	55.3	56.1	54.3
Unemployment rate	6.6	5.8	7.5	7.8	12.4	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	112,615	54,805	57,810	1,270	695	575
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	35,900	14,720	21,180	490	260	230
Worked	76,715	40,090	36,625	780	435	345
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	34,675	21,100	13,570	425	260	170
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	42,035	18,985	23,055	350	175	180
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	42.7	39.9	42.6	42.8	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	73,750	38,870	34,885	765	445	320
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,130	540	595	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	72,615	38,330	34,285	760	440	320
Employee	62,840	31,935	30,900	610	375	235
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	9,780	6,390	3,390	145	60	85
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	73,750	38,865	34,880	765	440	320
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,130	540	590	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	72,620	38,330	34,290	760	440	320
0 Management occupations	7,530	5,065	2,460	75	45	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,805	2,560	7,245	80	25	60
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,670	2,180	490	25	20	0
3 Health occupations	4,620	940	3,685	35	0	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,345	2,380	4,965	40	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,470	655	810	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	16,125	6,040	10,085	160	55	100
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	14,565	13,690	875	220	215	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,240	1,990	2,240	60	25	40
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,250	2,820	1,430	65	40	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	73,750	38,870	34,885	765	445	320
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,130	535	595	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	72,620	38,330	34,290	760	435	320
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	5,580	2,660	2,925	90	45	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	285	245	35	0	0	0
22 Utilities	235	195	35	10	10	0
23 Construction	7,065	6,135	925	85	80	10
31-33 Manufacturing	7,275	5,215	2,065	115	75	40
41 Wholesale trade	2,945	1,940	1,000	25	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	7,825	3,340	4,485	80	50	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	6,185	5,140	1,050	50	40	10
51 Information and cultural industries	905	525	380	10	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,000	790	1,205	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,195	640	550	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,175	1,570	1,610	25	15	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	110	50	55	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,210	1,930	1,280	40	25	15
61 Educational services	4,425	1,285	3,140	25	0	25
62 Health care and social assistance	7,190	1,205	5,990	60	0	60
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	840	390	450	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	5,120	1,645	3,470	30	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	4,020	1,795	2,225	60	45	20
91 Public administration	3,045	1,635	1,410	30	10	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	68,865	36,610	32,255	705	395	310
Worked at home	5,380	2,600	2,780	115	45	70
Worked outside Canada	295	185	115	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	12,340	9,300	3,045	75	60	15
Worked at usual place	50,845	24,525	26,320	500	280	225
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	50,850	24,525	26,320	505	275	225
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	31,390	13,370	18,020	55	30	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,985	1,840	2,145	150	85	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15,215	9,150	6,060	305	165	140
Commute to a different province or territory	260	170	100	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	63,190	33,825	29,365	580	335	240
Car, truck, van - as a driver	53,455	29,200	24,260	545	310	230
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,955	2,300	2,655	10	0	10
Public transit	1,430	615	825	0	0	0
Walked	2,135	950	1,180	20	10	10
Bicycle	405	310	95	0	0	0
Other method	800	450	360	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	63,190	33,820	29,365	575	335	245
Less than 15 minutes	22,365	9,840	12,525	100	55	45
15 to 29 minutes	19,670	9,885	9,785	175	90	85
30 to 44 minutes	10,295	6,290	4,005	235	135	100
45 to 59 minutes	4,830	3,240	1,590	35	30	0
60 minutes and over	6,035	4,580	1,455	35	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	63,190	33,825	29,360	580	340	240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	6,805	4,990	1,820	50	35	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,860	7,735	4,120	130	95	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,705	7,520	7,190	220	110	105
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,645	4,890	6,760	60	30	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,010	2,765	4,245	25	10	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	11,155	5,925	5,230	95	60	35
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	79,730	41,470	38,260	815	455	360
Single responses	77,330	40,100	37,225	805	450	350
Official languages	72,560	37,695	34,860	805	450	350
English	72,435	37,670	34,770	10	10	0
French	120	30	90	795	445	350
Non-official languages	4,770	2,405	2,365	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,775	2,410	2,365	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	50	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	50	65	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,260	2,160	2,100	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,135	2,095	2,040	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,130	2,090	2,040	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,110	2,085	2,030	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	50	35	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	150	55	100	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	180	110	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages	180	105	80	0	0	0
Cantonese	70	40	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	50	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,405	1,370	1,040	15	10	0
English and French	90	30	60	15	10	10
English and non-official language	2,305	1,325	975	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	79,735	41,470	38,265	815	460	360
None	73,345	37,950	35,395	725	400	325
English	1,685	925	760	85	45	35
French	410	150	260	10	10	0
Non-official language	4,250	2,415	1,835	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,250	2,415	1,835	0	0	0
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	20	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	136,935	67,345	69,590	1,550	870	675
Non-movers	115,725	56,995	58,740	1,400	800	595
Movers	21,205	10,350	10,855	145	70	80
Non-migrants	11,850	5,805	6,045	35	15	15
Migrants	9,355	4,545	4,810	110	50	65
Internal migrants	7,555	3,730	3,830	110	45	65
Intraprovincial migrants	6,115	2,945	3,175	115	50	65
Interprovincial migrants	1,445	785	655	0	0	0
External migrants	1,795	820	980	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	130,105	63,870	66,235	1,470	835	635
Non-movers	73,835	36,385	37,450	1,015	590	430
Movers	56,270	27,485	28,785	450	240	205
Non-migrants	32,110	15,845	16,260	155	90	65
Migrants	24,160	11,640	12,520	290	150	145
Internal migrants	18,135	8,705	9,430	295	150	140
Intraprovincial migrants	14,865	7,065	7,805	280	145	140
Interprovincial migrants	3,265	1,640	1,625	15	10	0
External migrants	6,025	2,935	3,095	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Abbotsford, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 14, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abbotsford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Abbotsford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abbotsford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec