Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chehalis 5, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Chehalis 5, IRI British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Fredericton New Brunswick [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Chehalis 5, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Chehalis 5, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	537	...	...	101,760	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	537	...	...	98,320^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.0	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	170	...	...	46,459	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	161	...	...	42,772	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	63.1	...	...	17.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8.51	...	...	5,745.41	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	535	265	270	101,765	49,400	52,365
0 to 14 years	135	60	70	16,650	8,370	8,280
0 to 4 years	40	20	20	5,400	2,730	2,670
5 to 9 years	45	20	20	5,695	2,865	2,825
10 to 14 years	45	15	30	5,560	2,770	2,785
15 to 64 years	360	185	175	68,400	33,425	34,975
15 to 19 years	45	25	20	5,930	3,030	2,900
20 to 24 years	30	15	15	7,335	3,685	3,650
25 to 29 years	40	15	20	6,570	3,275	3,295
30 to 34 years	30	15	15	6,635	3,245	3,385
35 to 39 years	40	15	20	6,605	3,145	3,460
40 to 44 years	35	20	20	6,830	3,290	3,535
45 to 49 years	40	30	15	6,975	3,405	3,575
50 to 54 years	35	15	20	7,745	3,790	3,955
55 to 59 years	50	20	25	7,215	3,490	3,725
60 to 64 years	25	15	5	6,560	3,075	3,490
65 years and over	45	20	25	16,710	7,605	9,100
65 to 69 years	20	10	10	5,855	2,850	3,005
70 to 74 years	15	10	5	4,110	1,965	2,140
75 to 79 years	10	0	5	2,925	1,365	1,555
80 to 84 years	5	0	0	1,940	800	1,140
85 years and over	0	0	0	1,880	625	1,260
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	1,140	430	715
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	585	160	425
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	145	35	110
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	25.2	22.6	25.9	16.4	16.9	15.8
15 to 64 years	67.3	69.8	64.8	67.2	67.7	66.8
65 years and over	8.4	7.5	9.3	16.4	15.4	17.4
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.8	1.3	2.4
Average age of the population	34.5	35.5	33.6	40.7	39.8	41.5
Median age of the population	34.4	37.5	32.3	40.9	39.9	41.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	160	...	...	42,770	...	...
Single-detached house	140	...	...	25,795	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	465	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	15	...	...	13,275	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	850	...	...
Row house	15	...	...	1,145	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	2,680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	8,410	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	190	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	3,240	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	160	...	...	42,775	...	...
1 person	20	...	...	11,450	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	16,490	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	6,790	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	5,610	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	2,430	...	...
Number of persons in private households	540	...	...	100,365	...	...
Average household size	3.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	405	205	195	85,110	41,030	44,080
Married or living common law	220	110	110	51,350	25,600	25,745
Married	135	70	70	42,235	21,050	21,180
Living common law	85	45	40	9,110	4,545	4,565
Not married and not living common law	185	95	90	33,765	15,430	18,330
Never married	150	80	65	22,210	11,740	10,465
Separated	10	10	5	2,500	1,080	1,420
Divorced	5	0	5	4,725	1,765	2,965
Widowed	20	5	15	4,330	845	3,480
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	160	...	...	29,690	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	16,255	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	6,305	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	5,270	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	1,860	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	155	...	...	29,690	...	...
Total couple families	110	...	...	25,285	...	...
Married couples	65	...	...	20,730	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	4,555	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	50	...	...	4,405	...	...
Female parent	35	...	...	3,495	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	910	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	25,285	...	...
Couples without children	50	...	...	13,445	...	...
Couples with children	60	...	...	11,840	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	5,100	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	4,960	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	1,780	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	4,405	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	2,810	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	1,200	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	65	35	30	17,960	8,420	9,540
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	165	...	...	42,775	...	...
One-census-family households	115	...	...	28,770	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	35	...	...	13,095	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	80	...	...	15,675	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	25	...	...	460	...	...
Non-census-family households	25	...	...	13,545	...	...
One-person households	15	...	...	11,450	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	2,095	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	540	265	275	100,940	49,100	51,840
English only	535	265	275	78,205	39,080	39,125
French only	0	0	0	370	180	190
English and French	0	0	0	21,680	9,525	12,155
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	680	315	370
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	535	265	275	100,940	49,105	51,840
English	535	265	275	92,830	45,350	47,475
French	0	0	0	7,000	3,245	3,755
English and French	0	0	0	450	210	245
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	665	300	365
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	7,225	3,350	3,875
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	7.2	6.8	7.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	540	265	275	100,940	49,100	51,840
Single responses	535	265	275	99,635	48,505	51,130
Official languages	530	265	270	93,265	45,290	47,975
English	530	260	270	86,250	42,040	44,210
French	0	0	0	7,010	3,250	3,765
Non-official languages	5	0	5	6,375	3,215	3,160
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	115	50	65
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	110	45	60
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malecite	0	0	0	75	35	45
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	30	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	6,260	3,165	3,090
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,065	580	485
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,060	575	480
Amharic	0	0	0	35	25	15
Arabic	0	0	0	955	515	440
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	55	35	25
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	195	105	90
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	190	105	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	195	75	115
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	145	55	95
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	85	40	35
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	45	25	20
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,360	1,370
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	695	335	360
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	325	350
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Russian	0	0	0	375	190	185
Serbian	0	0	0	80	40	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	645	305	340
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	235	120	110
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	0	0	0	345	155	190
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	30	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	825	440	385
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	480	260	220
Bengali	0	0	0	85	50	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hindi	0	0	0	105	50	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	140	70	70
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Urdu	0	0	0	65	40	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	345	180	165
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	310	165	145
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	500	245	250
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	70	35	40
Romanian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Spanish	0	0	0	305	155	150
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	5	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	345	185	165
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	150	80	70
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	50	20	30
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	30	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,290	645	645
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,290	645	645
Cantonese	0	0	0	120	60	60
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,020	520	505
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,305	595	705
English and French	0	0	0	825	365	455
English and non-official language	0	0	0	400	190	205
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	535	265	275	100,940	49,100	51,840
Single responses	540	265	275	99,290	48,290	51,000
Official languages	540	265	275	95,470	46,340	49,130
English	535	265	275	91,505	44,500	47,010
French	0	0	0	3,970	1,845	2,125
Non-official languages	0	0	0	3,815	1,945	1,865
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,790	1,935	1,855
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	725	365	355
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	720	365	355
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	680	345	330
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	15	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	170	90	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	165	85	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	55	25	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	40	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,395	715	685
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	450	230	225
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	440	225	215
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	295	145	145
Serbian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	110	55	50
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	40	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	65	30	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	570	300	270
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	305	155	150
Bengali	0	0	0	55	30	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	65	35	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	105	45	55
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	270	140	125
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	260	135	120
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	235	120	115
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Spanish	0	0	0	155	80	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	270	145	125
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	65	25	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	10	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,000	510	485
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,000	510	490
Cantonese	0	0	0	65	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	850	440	405
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	35	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,650	810	840
English and French	0	0	0	585	275	305
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,000	505	495
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	35
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	535	265	270	100,940	49,105	51,840
None	535	260	275	91,585	44,840	46,745
English	0	0	0	3,420	1,635	1,780
French	0	0	0	3,900	1,680	2,220
Non-official language	0	5	5	1,865	865	995
Aboriginal	5	5	5	165	65	100
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,700	805	895
English and French	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	45	25	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	75	35	40
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	405	210	200	83,740	40,515	43,225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	375	190	190	79,585	38,450	41,135
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	20,416	18,464	23,424	34,929	41,572	29,306
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	380	195	185	79,620	38,455	41,165
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	20,064	17,472	22,592	31,181	36,359	26,771
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	290	145	140	72,695	35,950	36,750
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,440	18,560	26,816	32,815	39,834	26,741
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	340	160	170	54,445	22,820	31,625
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,584	902	6,480	5,931	6,379	5,658
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	265	130	130	59,855	30,455	29,405
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,104	18,603	27,712	32,862	38,562	27,944
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	405	205	200	83,725	40,525	43,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	380	190	190	79,600	38,375	41,225
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,348	22,882	27,827	43,200	50,225	36,659
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	375	190	185	79,630	38,380	41,245
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,879	20,806	27,001	35,974	41,108	31,197
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	290	145	140	72,640	35,975	36,665
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,927	24,643	27,219	41,702	48,795	34,742
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	340	165	175	54,540	22,845	31,695
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,295	4,790	7,696	7,510	7,537	7,490
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	265	130	130	59,845	30,340	29,505
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,634	24,768	28,470	40,947	46,962	34,761
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	405	205	200	83,730	40,525	43,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	130	65	65	30,900	16,460	14,440
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	34,944	34,656	38,656	49,714	55,512	44,946
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	39,901	38,998	40,819	57,494	63,682	50,439
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.7	84.4	72.1	88.3	91.2	84.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.9	74.1	72.7	71.4	74.0	68.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.2	18.2	25.5	11.7	8.8	15.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	405	210	195	83,740	40,515	43,225
Without total income	30	15	15	4,155	2,065	2,090
With total income	375	190	190	79,585	38,450	41,135
Percentage with total income	92.6	90.5	97.4	95.0	94.9	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	125	70	55	10,735	4,640	6,095
$10,000 to $19,999	65	30	30	12,800	4,780	8,025
$20,000 to $29,999	50	30	20	11,460	4,620	6,840
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	30	9,835	4,485	5,350
$40,000 to $49,999	35	15	20	8,895	4,250	4,645
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	15	6,850	3,730	3,120
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	5,240	3,130	2,110
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	5	4,140	2,350	1,790
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	2,850	1,650	1,200
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	1,755	1,120	635
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	5,035	3,695	1,335
$100,000 to $149,999	0	0	0	3,575	2,590	985
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	1,460	1,110	350
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	405	205	200	83,740	40,520	43,225
Without after-tax income	30	15	10	4,120	2,065	2,055
With after-tax income	380	190	190	79,620	38,455	41,165
Percentage with after-tax income	93.8	92.7	95.0	95.1	94.9	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	125	70	55	11,230	4,715	6,515
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	35	13,560	5,120	8,435
$20,000 to $29,999	60	35	20	13,555	5,675	7,880
$30,000 to $39,999	55	25	30	12,320	5,770	6,555
$40,000 to $49,999	30	10	20	9,950	5,200	4,750
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	10	7,015	4,185	2,825
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	4,805	2,710	2,095
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	2,580	1,675	905
$80,000 and over	5	0	5	4,605	3,405	1,205
$80,000 to $89,999	0	5	5	1,580	1,135	445
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	905	675	230
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	2,125	1,600	525
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	405	210	200	83,740	40,520	43,225
Without employment income	140	75	65	23,885	10,065	13,825
With employment income	260	130	130	59,855	30,450	29,405
Percentage with employment income	64.2	61.9	65.0	71.5	75.1	68.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	20	20	7,235	3,390	3,850
$5,000 to $9,999	25	20	10	5,020	2,210	2,810
$10,000 to $19,999	50	30	25	8,290	3,675	4,620
$20,000 to $29,999	35	15	20	7,515	3,380	4,135
$30,000 to $39,999	40	20	20	6,445	3,055	3,385
$40,000 to $49,999	30	10	20	6,230	2,980	3,250
$50,000 to $59,999	10	5	5	4,770	2,715	2,055
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	0	3,830	2,280	1,555
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	3,235	1,745	1,495
$80,000 and over	10	5	0	7,275	5,020	2,250
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	2,165	1,285	880
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	1,355	870	485
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	3,755	2,865	890
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	165	...	...	42,775	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,328	...	...	66,877	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,856	...	...	58,221	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	20	...	...	11,450	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	34,724	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	31,067	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	145	...	...	31,325	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	57,344	...	...	82,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	54,016	...	...	70,980	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	160	...	...	42,770	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,355	...	...	80,397	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,212	...	...	66,974	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	11,465	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,234	...	...	41,880	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,702	...	...	35,309	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	31,305	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,911	...	...	94,504	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,578	...	...	78,571	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	160	...	...	42,775	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	690	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	930	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	865	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	1,685	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	1,815	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	1,820	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	1,960	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	1,950	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	1,935	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	1,890	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	3,510	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	3,380	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	3,030	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	2,780	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	2,285	...	...
$100,000 and over	20	...	...	12,240	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	4,555	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	3,015	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	2,910	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	1,755	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	165	...	...	42,770	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	715	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	940	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	885	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	1,775	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	2,105	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	2,045	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	2,335	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	2,415	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	2,355	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	2,310	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	4,225	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	3,935	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	3,300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	2,945	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	2,335	...	...
$100,000 and over	20	...	...	8,155	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	4,080	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	2,050	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	2,030	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	140	...	...	29,640	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	57,216	...	...	83,278	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	53,888	...	...	71,733	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	12,885	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,104	...	...	78,937	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,184	...	...	68,139	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	11,935	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	69,120	...	...	106,231	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	67,584	...	...	89,595	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	4,150	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,600	...	...	45,227	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,808	...	...	42,517	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	140	...	...	29,645	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,377	...	...	95,716	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,032	...	...	79,344	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	12,895	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,063	...	...	90,832	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,376	...	...	75,204	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	11,915	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	67,954	...	...	117,397	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	65,665	...	...	96,199	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	4,155	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,854	...	...	51,756	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,494	...	...	45,851	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	25	15	10	16,330	7,730	8,600
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,064	0	0	29,399	30,103	28,740
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,872	0	0	26,948	27,281	26,641
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	25	10	10	16,245	7,640	8,605
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,917	21,767	37,497	37,012	37,782	36,328
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,660	20,156	36,664	31,545	31,757	31,358
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	540	265	275	100,370	48,875	51,490
In the bottom half of the distribution	425	210	220	53,130	25,365	27,770
In the bottom decile	135	65	65	11,780	5,680	6,095
In the second decile	105	50	50	10,325	4,670	5,650
In the third decile	85	35	45	10,210	4,905	5,300
In the fourth decile	45	25	20	10,300	4,985	5,315
In the fifth decile	65	35	35	10,530	5,120	5,405
In the top half of the distribution	110	55	55	47,240	23,510	23,725
In the sixth decile	20	10	10	10,980	5,415	5,565
In the seventh decile	30	20	15	10,620	5,305	5,320
In the eighth decile	20	10	10	10,165	5,005	5,160
In the ninth decile	25	10	15	8,925	4,480	4,445
In the top decile	10	5	5	6,545	3,305	3,240
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	98,845	48,140	50,705
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	19,485	9,855	9,625
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	6,370	3,205	3,160
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	63,695	30,990	32,705
65 years and over	0	0	0	15,665	7,290	8,370
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	15,295	7,060	8,235
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	4,015	2,055	1,960
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	1,430	725	705
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	9,190	4,240	4,950
65 years and over	0	0	0	2,090	770	1,320
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	15.5	14.7	16.2
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	20.6	20.9	20.4
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	22.4	22.6	22.3
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	14.4	13.7	15.1
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	13.3	10.6	15.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	8,590	4,215	4,375
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	2,020	1,050	975
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	725	370	355
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	6,260	3,050	3,210
65 years and over	0	0	0	305	115	190
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	8.7	8.8	8.6
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	10.4	10.7	10.1
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	11.4	11.5	11.2
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	9.8	9.8	9.8
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	1.9	1.6	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	540	265	270	100,370	48,875	51,490
Official languages	535	265	275	99,700	48,570	51,130
English	540	265	275	99,350	48,360	50,990
French	0	0	0	22,010	9,750	12,260
Non-official languages	0	0	0	8,830	4,375	4,455
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	360	150	205
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	335	150	180
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	325	150	175
Malecite	0	0	0	240	105	130
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	90	35	50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	0	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	8,485	4,225	4,260
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,470	740	730
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,470	740	730
Amharic	0	0	0	55	30	20
Arabic	0	0	0	1,215	610	605
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	200	95	105
Maltese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	285	155	130
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	275	155	125
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	180	70	115
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	35	10	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	130	55	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	155	75	75
Kannada	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	95	55	45
Telugu	0	0	0	65	30	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	4,375	2,125	2,250
Albanian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Armenian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	825	410	415
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	810	405	410
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	50	30	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Croatian	0	0	0	45	15	35
Czech	0	0	0	30	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	110	55	60
Russian	0	0	0	520	275	245
Serbian	0	0	0	40	30	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	85	25	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	40	15	30
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,075	560	520
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Dutch	0	0	0	350	170	180
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	705	375	330
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	15	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	75	35	40
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,035	530	505
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	680	365	320
Bengali	0	0	0	95	70	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	320	165	155
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	175	85	90
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	35	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Urdu	0	0	0	110	60	55
Iranian languages	0	0	0	375	185	195
Kurdish	0	0	0	45	20	25
Pashto	0	0	0	35	20	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	300	145	155
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,430	635	795
Catalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italian	0	0	0	160	50	105
Portuguese	0	0	0	110	60	55
Romanian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Spanish	0	0	0	1,195	545	645
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	100	35	65
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	435	225	205
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	290	180	105
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	15	10
Lingala	0	0	0	15	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	15	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	60	40	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	40	30	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	180	60	125
American Sign Language	0	0	0	70	20	55
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	45	65
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,330	715	615
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,325	715	610
Cantonese	0	0	0	125	65	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,150	635	515
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	70	40	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	35	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	35	0	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	55	25	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	0	0	0	100,365	48,875	51,490
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	0	0	0	95,570	46,400	49,175
Canadian citizens aged under 18	0	0	0	18,925	9,595	9,330
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	0	0	0	76,650	36,805	39,845
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	4,795	2,475	2,320
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	0	0	0	100,370	48,875	51,490
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	0	0	0	91,130	44,265	46,865
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	8,250	3,990	4,260
Before 1981	0	0	0	2,250	1,070	1,180
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	615	305	310
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	835	395	440
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,925	935	990
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	645	295	355
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	1,275	640	635
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	2,625	1,290	1,340
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	985	615	365
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	8,255	3,990	4,260
Under 5 years	0	0	0	1,110	485	625
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,790	830	960
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	1,415	675	740
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	3,245	1,605	1,635
45 years and over	0	0	0	695	395	300
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	8,255	3,990	4,260
Americas	0	0	0	1,470	695	770
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	35	25	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	70	45	25
Guyana	0	0	0	15	0	15
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	25	20	10
Mexico	0	0	0	25	15	10
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	25	20	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	1,080	490	585
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	170	65	105
Europe	0	0	0	2,505	1,175	1,330
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	70	30	35
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	85	35	45
Germany	0	0	0	350	150	195
Greece	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	30	10	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italy	0	0	0	20	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	250	135	115
Poland	0	0	0	55	20	35
Portugal	0	0	0	35	20	15
Romania	0	0	0	35	15	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	60	35	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	130	55	80
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,070	530	540
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	260	115	150
Africa	0	0	0	595	330	260
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	45	30	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	45	20	20
Kenya	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	75	35	40
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	365	200	160
Asia	0	0	0	3,610	1,755	1,855
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	55	35	25
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	820	415	405
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	30	15	0
India	0	0	0	280	125	155
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	255	115	145
Iraq	0	0	0	50	25	30
Japan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	410	225	185
Lebanon	0	0	0	175	95	80
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	35	40
Philippines	0	0	0	160	60	95
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	460	225	235
Taiwan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	255	130	125
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	510	225	280
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	75	35	40
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	2,625	1,290	1,345
Americas	0	0	0	145	85	65
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	15	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	50	25	25
Europe	0	0	0	265	140	120
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	20	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	55	25	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	70	45	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	75	35	40
Africa	0	0	0	260	130	125
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	25	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	40	25	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	40	10	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	145	85	65
Asia	0	0	0	1,955	930	1,025
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	465	235	235
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	10	0
India	0	0	0	60	25	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	135	70	65
Iraq	0	0	0	40	20	25
Israel	0	0	0	55	20	35
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	130	70	60
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	15
Nepal	0	0	0	40	10	30
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Philippines	0	0	0	120	50	75
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	445	210	230
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	25	15	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	225	120	100
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	155	60	95
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	540	265	270	100,370	48,875	51,495
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	20	10	15	9,935	4,980	4,955
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	25	15	10	8,375	4,110	4,265
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	495	245	245	82,060	39,780	42,275
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	6,035	2,925	3,110
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	3,840	2,000	1,840
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,350	1,040	310
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	2,490	965	1,530
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	1,115	400	715
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,065	515	545
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	540	265	270	100,370	48,875	51,495
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	530	265	265	4,420	2,085	2,330
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	525	260	260	4,275	2,020	2,260
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	525	260	260	3,365	1,585	1,780
Métis	0	0	0	845	415	435
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	60	25	40
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	55	35	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	80	35	50
Non-Aboriginal identity	15	0	10	95,950	46,790	49,160
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	535	265	270	100,370	48,875	51,495
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	525	260	265	2,860	1,375	1,485
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10	0	10	97,510	47,500	50,010
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	535	265	270	100,370	48,875	51,495
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	485	245	240	1,845	860	980
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	485	245	240	1,825	855	970
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	485	245	240	1,745	815	930
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	70	35	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	25	10	15	4,910	2,310	2,595
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	25	10	15	4,780	2,265	2,515
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	3,730	1,765	1,970
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	910	425	485
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	135	75	60
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	130	50	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	105	45	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	10	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	25	15	15	93,620	45,705	47,915
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	540	265	270	100,370	48,875	51,495
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	6,560	3,335	3,225
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	960	510	455
Chinese	0	0	0	1,430	730	700
Black	0	0	0	1,230	595	635
Filipino	0	0	0	200	95	105
Latin American	0	0	0	360	210	145
Arab	0	0	0	920	465	455
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	350	165	185
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	340	175	165
Korean	0	0	0	430	230	200
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	85	40	45
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	215	110	100
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	535	265	270	93,805	45,545	48,265
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	540	265	270	100,370	48,875	51,495
North American Aboriginal origins	510	255	260	6,745	3,170	3,580
First Nations (North American Indian)	510	255	255	5,625	2,630	2,995
Inuit	0	0	0	165	85	85
Métis	0	0	0	1,105	515	590
Other North American origins	10	10	10	45,370	22,125	23,245
Acadian	0	0	0	2,280	1,105	1,175
American	0	0	0	1,285	665	615
Canadian	10	0	0	43,435	21,170	22,265
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	25	10	15
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	85	40	45
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	60	35	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	10	0
European origins	35	15	20	68,455	33,030	35,420
British Isles origins	20	10	15	57,615	27,710	29,905
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	25	10	15
English	20	10	15	31,590	15,270	16,325
Irish	10	0	0	26,480	12,335	14,140
Manx	0	0	0	20	15	10
Scottish	0	0	10	27,395	12,960	14,445
Welsh	0	0	0	2,785	1,310	1,480
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	2,500	1,140	1,355
French origins	10	0	0	17,480	8,385	9,095
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10	10	10	17,475	8,380	9,100
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	10	10,445	5,140	5,305
Austrian	0	0	0	190	125	65
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	300	140	160
Dutch	0	0	0	3,905	1,875	2,030
Flemish	0	0	0	25	25	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	0	0	0	6,650	3,225	3,420
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	215	125	90
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	0	0	2,050	875	1,175
Danish	0	10	0	770	325	450
Finnish	0	0	0	130	45	80
Icelandic	0	0	0	70	35	30
Norwegian	0	0	0	650	285	370
Swedish	0	0	0	360	145	215
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	165	90	80
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	2,830	1,355	1,470
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	95	40	60
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Hungarian	0	0	0	295	150	150
Latvian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	75	30	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	885	400	480
Romanian	0	0	0	125	65	60
Russian	0	0	0	605	270	340
Slovak	0	0	0	75	50	25
Ukrainian	0	0	0	860	460	405
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Southern European origins	10	10	0	2,665	1,370	1,295
Albanian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	75	45	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	50	15	35
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	10
Greek	0	0	0	240	125	115
Italian	10	0	10	1,365	675	695
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	345	170	170
Serbian	0	0	0	55	40	20
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	55	35	25
Spanish	0	0	0	485	265	220
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	480	240	240
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	220	95	120
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	245	135	105
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	320	135	185
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	35	20	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	125	60	70
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	35	15	20
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	55	20	35
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	0	540	300	235
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	15	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chilean	0	0	0	25	0	25
Colombian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	45	20	25
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	40	20	25
Maya	0	0	0	70	35	30
Mexican	10	0	0	130	75	55
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	65	45	20
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	30	20	15
African origins	0	0	0	1,300	655	640
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	220	125	95
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	45	30	10
Guinean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ibo	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	15	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	10
North African origins	0	0	0	240	130	110
Algerian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	65	45	20
Libyan	0	0	0	135	65	70
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	285	135	150
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	30	15	15
Rwandan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	45	15	30
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	15	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Other African origins	0	0	0	575	275	300
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	90	25	60
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	485	250	240
Asian origins	10	10	10	5,785	2,945	2,835
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	2,120	1,105	1,015
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	125	55	70
Armenian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	335	160	175
Iraqi	0	0	0	55	25	35
Israeli	0	0	0	50	25	25
Jordanian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	35	20	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	765	410	355
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Syrian	0	0	0	510	255	255
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	75	50	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	25	20	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	10	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	1,070	550	515
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	90	55	40
Bengali	0	0	0	20	20	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	35	15	15
East Indian	0	0	0	675	330	345
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	145	70	75
Pakistani	0	0	0	75	50	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	40	25	20
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	10	10	10	2,640	1,325	1,320
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	10	10	0	1,560	780	780
Filipino	0	0	0	260	110	150
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	50	30	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	440	235	205
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	30	0	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	295	155	140
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oceania origins	0	0	10	150	70	85
Australian	0	0	0	75	30	45
New Zealander	0	0	0	60	30	30
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	160	...	...	42,770	...	...
Owner	125	...	...	30,380	...	...
Renter	20	...	...	11,960	...	...
Band housing	15	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	160	...	...	42,775	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	1,810	...	...
Not condominium	160	...	...	40,970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	160	...	...	42,770	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	90	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	3,480	...	...
2 bedrooms	30	...	...	11,475	...	...
3 bedrooms	70	...	...	15,700	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	55	...	...	12,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	165	...	...	42,770	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15	...	...	9,275	...	...
5 rooms	15	...	...	6,965	...	...
6 rooms	55	...	...	6,515	...	...
7 rooms	30	...	...	5,620	...	...
8 or more rooms	50	...	...	14,400	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	160	...	...	42,770	...	...
One person or fewer per room	155	...	...	42,435	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	160	...	...	42,770	...	...
Suitable	135	...	...	41,620	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	1,150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	160	...	...	42,770	...	...
1960 or before	20	...	...	7,465	...	...
1961 to 1980	40	...	...	12,385	...	...
1981 to 1990	55	...	...	6,080	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	6,030	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	3,400	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	4,020	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	3,395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	165	...	...	42,770	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	85	...	...	39,895	...	...
Major repairs needed	75	...	...	2,875	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	165	...	...	42,770	...	...
1 household maintainer	135	...	...	24,410	...	...
2 household maintainers	25	...	...	17,590	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	165	...	...	42,770	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	2,260	...	...
25 to 34 years	20	...	...	6,695	...	...
35 to 44 years	25	...	...	7,345	...	...
45 to 54 years	45	...	...	8,290	...	...
55 to 64 years	45	...	...	7,920	...	...
65 to 74 years	20	...	...	6,055	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	3,125	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,085	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	0	...	...	41,905	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	34,050	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	7,850	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	6,815	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	30,175	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	61.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	10.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	943	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,038	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	200,107	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	218,127	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	11,960	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	10.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	870	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	405	205	200	83,725	40,525	43,200
No certificate, diploma or degree	120	70	50	11,680	6,065	5,615
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	130	55	70	23,300	11,640	11,660
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	160	80	80	48,750	22,825	25,930
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75	45	30	5,885	4,225	1,660
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	55	35	20	2,985	1,700	1,290
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25	10	10	2,905	2,530	375
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	50	25	20	16,995	6,755	10,235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	20	1,385	500	880
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	24,490	11,335	13,150
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	16,500	7,355	9,145
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,220	530	690
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	510	275	235
Master's degree	0	0	10	5,020	2,350	2,675
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	1,245	830	415
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	285	145	140	54,810	26,495	28,315
No certificate, diploma or degree	65	40	20	4,040	2,370	1,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	80	35	45	13,535	6,940	6,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	135	70	70	37,230	17,180	20,050
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	60	35	20	4,020	2,910	1,115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	45	30	15	2,020	1,125	890
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	15	0	10	2,000	1,775	220
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	45	25	20	12,975	5,295	7,675
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	0	20	955	370	585
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	0	19,280	8,610	10,670
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	13,025	5,660	7,365
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	960	400	555
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	445	220	220
Master's degree	0	0	0	3,975	1,790	2,190
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	875	540	345
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	405	205	200	83,730	40,525	43,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	245	125	120	34,975	17,705	17,270
Education	10	0	10	4,385	1,180	3,205
13. Education	10	0	10	4,385	1,175	3,210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,255	530	725
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	215	165	55
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,040	370	670
Humanities	0	0	0	3,165	1,325	1,840
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	230	85	150
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	805	245	555
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	760	250	515
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	20	0	20
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	230	125	100
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	365	230	135
54. History	0	0	0	610	350	255
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	150	35	115
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	5,585	1,845	3,740
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	10	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	450	195	260
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	755	50	710
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	975	340	630
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	90	35	60
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,260	330	935
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,000	890	1,110
Business, management and public administration	25	0	20	9,775	3,105	6,670
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	885	170	720
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15	10	15	8,865	2,930	5,935
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	1,895	1,010	885
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	855	400	450
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	380	155	225
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	10	20
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	560	415	150
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	70	35	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	2,520	1,715	805
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	2,220	1,590	630
25. Library science	0	0	0	155	30	125
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	140	90	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	40	40	10	9,400	8,665	735
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	130	90	40
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,590	2,220	375
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,835	1,635	195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	2,145	2,115	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	10	0	2,040	1,970	75
48. Precision production	0	0	0	665	635	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	1,075	825	250
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	350	230	125
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	10	725	590	130
Health and related fields	20	10	10	6,925	1,170	5,755
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	685	275	410
51. Health professions and related programs	20	0	10	6,055	780	5,275
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	185	115	70
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	20	25	2,765	1,450	1,315
12. Personal and culinary services	25	10	15	1,520	350	1,175
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	45	40	15
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	85	80	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	645	530	115
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	10	10	465	450	15
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	285	145	140	54,810	26,490	28,315
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	150	75	70	17,575	9,310	8,265
Education	10	0	10	2,995	755	2,245
13. Education	0	0	10	3,000	755	2,240
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	955	405	555
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	145	115	40
50. Visual and performing arts	0	10	0	805	290	515
Humanities	0	10	0	2,280	905	1,375
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	10	0	200	65	130
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	550	150	405
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	570	185	390
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	20	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	175	100	75
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	240	145	90
54. History	0	0	0	420	230	190
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	100	25	75
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	4,415	1,350	3,065
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	360	160	200
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	570	30	540
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	805	230	575
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	65	25	45
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,000	230	765
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,585	670	915
Business, management and public administration	20	0	15	7,700	2,440	5,265
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	740	125	615
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	10	6,935	2,310	4,625
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,390	690	700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	655	275	375
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	250	100	150
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	10	15
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	390	270	125
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	75	35	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	2,220	1,535	690
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	2,015	1,430	580
25. Library science	0	0	0	105	25	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	95	75	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	30	30	0	7,055	6,415	635
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	100	75	25
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,010	1,680	330
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	0	0	1,390	1,210	185
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	20	0	1,605	1,585	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	1,485	1,420	60
48. Precision production	0	0	0	465	450	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	845	625	225
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	285	175	105
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	10	10	560	445	120
Health and related fields	20	10	10	5,230	955	4,275
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	490	205	290
51. Health professions and related programs	20	10	15	4,590	665	3,920
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	150	85	70
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	10	20	2,135	1,105	1,030
12. Personal and culinary services	25	10	15	1,200	280	920
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	45	35	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	65	65	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	480	390	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	10	340	335	10
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	405	205	200	83,730	40,525	43,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	245	125	120	34,980	17,705	17,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	160	80	80	48,750	22,820	25,930
Location of study inside Canada	155	80	80	44,815	20,830	23,985
Same as province or territory of residence	150	80	80	34,445	15,925	18,520
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	10	10,370	4,905	5,465
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	3,935	1,990	1,945
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	10	0	1,045	550	495
Philippines	0	0	0	95	35	60
India	0	0	0	170	80	85
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	575	315	260
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	420	205	215
France	0	0	0	75	45	30
Other	0	0	0	1,565	765	800
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	285	145	140	54,810	26,495	28,315
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	150	80	70	17,580	9,315	8,265
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	140	70	70	37,230	17,185	20,050
Location of study inside Canada	135	65	70	34,285	15,765	18,520
Same as province or territory of residence	130	65	70	26,080	11,940	14,140
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	8,210	3,830	4,380
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,940	1,415	1,530
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	10	635	295	335
Philippines	0	0	0	95	35	60
India	0	0	0	110	50	60
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	300	155	145
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	405	195	205
France	0	0	0	70	35	30
Other	0	0	0	1,340	650	685
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	405	205	200	83,725	40,525	43,200
In the labour force	215	110	105	55,330	28,100	27,230
Employed	195	95	100	50,440	25,215	25,225
Unemployed	25	20	10	4,885	2,885	2,000
Not in the labour force	185	95	95	28,395	12,425	15,970
Participation rate	53.1	53.7	52.5	66.1	69.3	63.0
Employment rate	48.1	46.3	50.0	60.2	62.2	58.4
Unemployment rate	11.6	18.2	9.5	8.8	10.3	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	405	205	200	83,725	40,525	43,200
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	195	100	90	25,840	11,100	14,745
Worked	210	100	105	57,885	29,425	28,455
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	135	65	65	31,550	16,900	14,645
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	80	30	45	26,335	12,525	13,810
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	43.8	42.7	42.9	42.7	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	220	115	105	55,330	28,100	27,230
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	990	425	565
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	205	105	100	54,340	27,675	26,665
Employee	200	100	100	49,890	25,060	24,835
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10	10	0	4,450	2,620	1,830
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	220	115	105	55,330	28,100	27,230
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	10	990	425	565
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	205	105	100	54,340	27,675	26,670
0 Management occupations	10	0	10	5,825	3,395	2,430
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	35	0	30	8,405	2,430	5,975
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	5,060	4,075	990
3 Health occupations	10	0	10	3,955	745	3,205
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	55	20	35	8,645	3,425	5,215
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,440	670	770
6 Sales and service occupations	45	30	20	12,910	5,425	7,485
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	15	10	6,255	5,990	265
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	20	10	1,040	860	185
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	810	660	145
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	215	115	105	55,330	28,100	27,230
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	985	420	560
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	210	105	105	54,345	27,675	26,670
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	15	0	835	595	240
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	240	210	25
22 Utilities	0	0	0	915	635	280
23 Construction	10	10	0	3,330	3,020	315
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	0	1,840	1,355	485
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	1,280	1,030	250
44-45 Retail trade	0	0	0	6,670	3,125	3,550
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	1,830	1,335	495
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,330	835	500
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	1,490	520	970
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	820	490	325
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	10	4,085	2,465	1,615
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	55	40	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	15	10	2,435	1,330	1,100
61 Educational services	25	10	20	5,440	2,040	3,405
62 Health care and social assistance	25	0	20	6,505	1,070	5,435
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	10	0	860	465	390
72 Accommodation and food services	15	10	10	3,830	1,515	2,315
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	10	2,435	1,110	1,320
91 Public administration	45	20	20	8,115	4,480	3,635
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	195	95	100	50,440	25,215	25,225
Worked at home	0	10	0	3,020	1,445	1,575
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	205	155	55
No fixed workplace address	35	25	10	4,545	3,325	1,220
Worked at usual place	150	70	85	42,670	20,290	22,380
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	155	70	85	42,670	20,295	22,380
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	70	20	50	23,050	10,575	12,480
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	65	35	30	13,080	6,130	6,955
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	0	5,965	3,175	2,795
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	565	410	155
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	190	90	100	47,215	23,615	23,600
Car, truck, van - as a driver	170	85	85	38,270	19,695	18,575
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	10	10	3,850	1,335	2,515
Public transit	0	0	0	1,300	640	665
Walked	10	10	10	2,815	1,375	1,440
Bicycle	0	0	0	430	265	160
Other method	0	0	0	545	310	235
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	190	90	100	47,215	23,620	23,600
Less than 15 minutes	105	40	70	18,630	8,755	9,875
15 to 29 minutes	30	10	20	20,780	10,480	10,300
30 to 44 minutes	20	15	0	5,340	2,830	2,505
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	10	1,230	640	585
60 minutes and over	25	20	10	1,240	910	325
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	190	90	100	47,215	23,620	23,600
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	10	0	1,505	955	550
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	20	10	6,055	3,635	2,420
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	50	20	35	18,375	9,335	9,045
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	50	20	30	10,925	4,890	6,035
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	10	10	4,375	1,835	2,545
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	20	15	5,980	2,970	3,010
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	220	110	110	59,330	30,095	29,235
Single responses	220	115	110	58,275	29,690	28,590
Official languages	220	115	110	58,050	29,545	28,505
English	220	110	110	56,990	29,235	27,760
French	0	0	0	1,060	310	745
Non-official languages	0	0	0	225	145	85
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	225	140	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	125	65	55
Chinese languages	0	0	0	125	65	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	110	55	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,055	410	650
English and French	0	0	0	955	370	590
English and non-official language	0	0	0	95	40	55
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	220	110	110	59,335	30,095	29,235
None	220	110	110	52,235	27,045	25,185
English	0	0	0	860	310	555
French	0	0	0	5,790	2,495	3,295
Non-official language	0	0	0	420	235	185
Aboriginal	0	10	0	50	0	40
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	370	225	145
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	530	260	270	99,310	48,310	50,995
Non-movers	465	230	240	84,335	41,015	43,320
Movers	60	30	35	14,970	7,295	7,675
Non-migrants	20	10	10	8,550	4,190	4,360
Migrants	40	20	20	6,425	3,110	3,315
Internal migrants	40	20	25	5,185	2,475	2,710
Intraprovincial migrants	40	20	25	3,345	1,565	1,780
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,840	915	930
External migrants	0	0	0	1,230	630	605
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	500	245	250	94,885	46,055	48,835
Non-movers	390	195	190	58,055	28,290	29,765
Movers	110	50	60	36,835	17,760	19,070
Non-migrants	55	25	30	18,450	8,805	9,640
Migrants	55	25	30	18,385	8,955	9,430
Internal migrants	55	30	30	15,290	7,345	7,940
Intraprovincial migrants	50	25	30	9,745	4,620	5,125
Interprovincial migrants	0	10	0	5,540	2,725	2,815
External migrants	0	0	0	3,095	1,610	1,485

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Chehalis 5, IRI [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chehalis 5, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Chehalis 5, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chehalis 5, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick