Census Profile, 2016 Census
Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Langley, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Varennes, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	25,888	...	...	21,257	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	25,081	...	...	20,994	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.2	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	12,264	...	...	8,315	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	11,840	...	...	8,161	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,533.6	...	...	225.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.22	...	...	94.41	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	25,885	12,400	13,490	21,260	10,495	10,760
0 to 14 years	3,915	2,020	1,895	3,745	1,915	1,830
0 to 4 years	1,400	720	680	1,105	570	535
5 to 9 years	1,315	680	635	1,360	705	660
10 to 14 years	1,200	615	580	1,280	640	635
15 to 64 years	17,010	8,290	8,720	14,720	7,260	7,465
15 to 19 years	1,275	660	620	1,460	760	705
20 to 24 years	1,495	740	750	1,460	750	715
25 to 29 years	1,725	820	905	1,120	570	545
30 to 34 years	2,015	1,005	1,010	1,200	580	620
35 to 39 years	1,795	895	895	1,350	625	725
40 to 44 years	1,655	815	835	1,360	645	715
45 to 49 years	1,740	825	910	1,670	810	865
50 to 54 years	1,815	905	910	1,945	945	1,000
55 to 59 years	1,800	865	935	1,810	905	905
60 to 64 years	1,710	755	955	1,340	670	670
65 years and over	4,960	2,090	2,870	2,795	1,325	1,465
65 to 69 years	1,580	725	860	1,030	500	525
70 to 74 years	1,135	515	620	680	355	325
75 to 79 years	760	330	435	480	235	245
80 to 84 years	625	265	365	315	130	185
85 years and over	855	255	595	295	100	190
85 to 89 years	475	165	315	200	85	120
90 to 94 years	275	70	200	80	15	60
95 to 99 years	90	20	75	15	5	10
100 years and over	5	0	10	5	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	16.3	14.0	17.6	18.2	17.0
15 to 64 years	65.7	66.9	64.6	69.2	69.2	69.4
65 years and over	19.2	16.9	21.3	13.1	12.6	13.6
85 years and over	3.3	2.1	4.4	1.4	1.0	1.8
Average age of the population	42.5	40.8	43.9	39.6	39.0	40.2
Median age of the population	42.2	40.4	44.1	41.1	40.4	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	11,840	...	...	8,165	...	...
Single-detached house	2,735	...	...	5,145	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	40	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,060	...	...	3,010	...	...
Semi-detached house	320	...	...	680	...	...
Row house	1,085	...	...	135	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	855	...	...	180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,795	...	...	1,990	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	11,840	...	...	8,165	...	...
1 person	4,595	...	...	1,740	...	...
2 persons	3,870	...	...	2,930	...	...
3 persons	1,560	...	...	1,420	...	...
4 persons	1,120	...	...	1,505	...	...
5 or more persons	695	...	...	555	...	...
Number of persons in private households	25,315	...	...	20,845	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	21,970	10,380	11,595	17,515	8,585	8,930
Married or living common law	11,430	5,710	5,725	10,825	5,400	5,420
Married	9,020	4,495	4,525	5,910	2,950	2,960
Living common law	2,415	1,215	1,200	4,915	2,450	2,460
Not married and not living common law	10,540	4,675	5,870	6,690	3,185	3,505
Never married	5,925	3,200	2,725	4,965	2,600	2,365
Separated	820	325	495	180	90	95
Divorced	2,200	805	1,395	920	350	570
Widowed	1,590	335	1,250	630	145	480
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,910	...	...	6,315	...	...
2 persons	3,845	...	...	2,945	...	...
3 persons	1,500	...	...	1,405	...	...
4 persons	1,085	...	...	1,475	...	...
5 or more persons	480	...	...	485	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,910	...	...	6,315	...	...
Total couple families	5,575	...	...	5,330	...	...
Married couples	4,370	...	...	2,875	...	...
Common-law couples	1,205	...	...	2,450	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,335	...	...	985	...	...
Female parent	1,115	...	...	675	...	...
Male parent	220	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,575	...	...	5,330	...	...
Couples without children	2,980	...	...	2,390	...	...
Couples with children	2,595	...	...	2,935	...	...
1 child	1,140	...	...	1,050	...	...
2 children	1,000	...	...	1,410	...	...
3 or more children	455	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,335	...	...	980	...	...
1 child	870	...	...	550	...	...
2 children	360	...	...	360	...	...
3 or more children	105	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,205	2,885	3,320	2,300	1,080	1,225
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
One-census-family households	6,615	...	...	6,210	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,860	...	...	2,350	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,755	...	...	3,860	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	150	...	...	50	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,080	...	...	1,900	...	...
One-person households	4,595	...	...	1,740	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	485	...	...	155	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	25,510	12,265	13,240	21,120	10,455	10,660
English only	23,915	11,575	12,335	35	15	20
French only	5	5	0	11,080	5,070	6,010
English and French	1,235	530	710	9,985	5,365	4,620
Neither English nor French	360	160	195	15	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	25,510	12,270	13,245	21,120	10,455	10,660
English	24,855	11,955	12,900	380	180	200
French	260	125	130	20,630	10,215	10,415
English and French	45	30	20	95	50	45
Neither English nor French	350	155	195	15	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	285	140	140	430	210	220
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.1	1.1	2.0	2.0	2.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	25,510	12,265	13,240	21,120	10,455	10,660
Single responses	25,150	12,100	13,045	20,925	10,365	10,565
Official languages	21,440	10,435	11,005	20,500	10,125	10,380
English	21,140	10,295	10,845	310	140	165
French	300	140	160	20,190	9,980	10,210
Non-official languages	3,710	1,670	2,040	425	240	185
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,705	1,670	2,040	425	235	190
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	80	75	90	60	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	150	80	70	80	50	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	135	70	60	80	50	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	45	50	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	5
Vietnamese	90	40	45	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	380	155	230	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	10	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	5	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	300	125	175	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	20	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	20	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,850	860	995	235	135	100
Albanian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	435	215	220	15	5	10
Baltic languages	10	5	10	5	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages	425	210	210	15	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	10	0	5
Croatian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	115	60	50	5	0	5
Russian	90	45	50	5	0	0
Serbian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	25	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	560	250	310	5	5	5
Afrikaans	10	10	5	0	0	0
Danish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dutch	140	65	80	0	0	0
Frisian	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	355	160	195	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	15	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	375	180	195	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	290	135	155	5	0	5
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	5	0	0
Hindi	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	155	70	85	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	80	50	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	45	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	410	175	235	190	115	80
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	20	30	55	35	20
Portuguese	60	25	30	10	10	5
Romanian	45	25	25	25	15	10
Spanish	250	105	150	95	50	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	15	40	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	265	110	155	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	700	325	375	10	5	10
Chinese languages	345	155	190	15	5	5
Cantonese	90	40	50	5	0	5
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	190	85	105	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	15	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	360	170	185	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	350	170	180	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	15	5	0	5
Lao	5	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	20	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	5	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	5	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	115	45	70	5	0	0
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	40	50	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	5	0
Multiple responses	360	160	195	190	95	95
English and French	55	20	35	120	65	60
English and non-official language	290	135	160	5	5	5
French and non-official language	10	5	0	50	25	30
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	25,510	12,270	13,245	21,120	10,455	10,665
Single responses	24,765	11,935	12,835	20,865	10,325	10,540
Official languages	23,010	11,105	11,910	20,765	10,275	10,490
English	22,950	11,075	11,880	245	120	120
French	60	30	35	20,525	10,155	10,365
Non-official languages	1,755	830	920	100	50	50
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,750	830	925	100	50	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	115	60	55	10	10	5
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	60	50	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	55	45	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	75	85	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	65	65	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	580	280	295	60	35	30
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	80	85	5	0	5
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	150	70	80	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	20	20	0	0	0
Russian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	20	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	205	110	95	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	65	80	55	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	5	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	5	10	5	5
Spanish	105	45	65	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	230	90	135	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	10	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	535	250	280	5	0	5
Chinese languages	220	100	115	5	5	5
Cantonese	60	35	30	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	130	60	75	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	315	145	165	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	305	145	160	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	745	340	410	250	130	125
English and French	25	10	15	130	65	65
English and non-official language	705	320	385	5	5	5
French and non-official language	5	5	5	110	55	50
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	25,510	12,265	13,245	21,115	10,455	10,660
None	23,670	11,425	12,240	19,535	9,635	9,905
English	695	330	365	1,140	600	540
French	150	70	85	165	85	80
Non-official language	970	425	540	210	110	100
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	965	420	540	205	105	105
English and French	5	5	5	5	5	5
English and non-official language	15	10	10	45	20	25
French and non-official language	15	5	5	20	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	21,415	10,195	11,220	17,105	8,420	8,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,650	9,855	10,795	16,470	8,110	8,365
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,658	42,672	27,052	43,537	51,328	37,488
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,675	9,870	10,805	16,480	8,110	8,370
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,355	37,069	25,395	37,205	42,766	32,674
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,150	8,870	9,280	15,675	7,815	7,865
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,100	42,978	24,630	39,741	49,242	32,994
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,730	6,110	8,620	10,970	4,740	6,225
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,652	5,952	6,928	5,237	4,218	5,931
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,435	7,805	7,630	13,595	6,905	6,685
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,762	45,504	27,664	40,829	49,482	35,276
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	21,415	10,195	11,220	17,105	8,420	8,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,635	9,840	10,795	16,460	8,115	8,345
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,522	48,747	33,027	51,856	61,200	42,767
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,670	9,860	10,810	16,460	8,120	8,345
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,576	40,423	29,243	41,531	47,925	35,311
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,100	8,865	9,235	15,630	7,790	7,835
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,534	48,728	30,708	49,322	59,495	39,201
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,750	6,145	8,605	10,970	4,785	6,180
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,182	7,755	8,487	7,556	6,915	8,052
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,430	7,865	7,565	13,595	6,830	6,760
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,912	49,582	31,899	48,927	57,431	40,332
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	21,415	10,195	11,220	17,105	8,420	8,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	7,750	4,615	3,135	6,455	3,405	3,055
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,469	58,178	44,591	57,450	65,979	49,529
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,094	62,398	46,817	66,674	77,767	54,311
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.6	89.8	79.8	90.3	93.3	86.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	75.2	80.4	68.2	77.6	79.3	75.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.4	10.1	20.2	9.7	6.7	13.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	21,415	10,195	11,220	17,105	8,420	8,685
Without total income	760	335	425	635	310	320
With total income	20,655	9,855	10,800	16,475	8,110	8,365
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.7	96.3	96.3	96.3	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,385	950	1,440	1,650	670	980
$10,000 to $19,999	3,840	1,385	2,450	2,200	880	1,320
$20,000 to $29,999	3,130	1,155	1,980	1,805	720	1,090
$30,000 to $39,999	2,660	1,160	1,500	1,835	770	1,060
$40,000 to $49,999	2,280	1,055	1,225	1,970	890	1,085
$50,000 to $59,999	1,870	1,025	845	1,655	805	850
$60,000 to $69,999	1,350	875	480	1,325	700	620
$70,000 to $79,999	1,025	690	330	1,110	645	470
$80,000 to $89,999	690	485	205	855	530	320
$90,000 to $99,999	465	330	140	560	370	190
$100,000 and over	950	755	195	1,510	1,130	380
$100,000 to $149,999	755	600	160	1,095	820	275
$150,000 and over	190	160	30	420	315	105
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	21,415	10,195	11,220	17,105	8,415	8,685
Without after-tax income	740	325	415	625	310	315
With after-tax income	20,680	9,875	10,805	16,480	8,110	8,370
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.9	96.3	96.3	96.4	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,475	995	1,475	1,750	690	1,060
$10,000 to $19,999	4,050	1,485	2,565	2,330	950	1,380
$20,000 to $29,999	3,690	1,425	2,265	2,305	930	1,375
$30,000 to $39,999	3,225	1,440	1,785	2,590	1,155	1,440
$40,000 to $49,999	2,595	1,360	1,240	2,365	1,160	1,205
$50,000 to $59,999	1,770	1,120	650	1,820	1,005	815
$60,000 to $69,999	1,190	825	360	1,340	800	540
$70,000 to $79,999	735	495	240	785	550	235
$80,000 and over	940	730	210	1,190	875	320
$80,000 to $89,999	360	255	105	435	320	115
$90,000 to $99,999	235	190	50	225	160	65
$100,000 and over	345	290	60	530	400	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	21,415	10,195	11,220	17,105	8,415	8,685
Without employment income	5,985	2,395	3,590	3,510	1,510	1,995
With employment income	15,430	7,805	7,630	13,595	6,905	6,690
Percentage with employment income	72.1	76.6	68.0	79.5	82.1	77.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,065	890	1,180	1,435	745	690
$5,000 to $9,999	1,005	355	650	905	385	525
$10,000 to $19,999	1,875	690	1,185	1,670	725	940
$20,000 to $29,999	1,720	675	1,040	1,280	515	770
$30,000 to $39,999	1,865	835	1,025	1,365	525	845
$40,000 to $49,999	1,735	820	920	1,385	585	795
$50,000 to $59,999	1,490	850	645	1,265	635	625
$60,000 to $69,999	1,090	750	335	985	540	445
$70,000 to $79,999	815	575	245	935	525	410
$80,000 and over	1,770	1,365	410	2,370	1,720	645
$80,000 to $89,999	585	415	170	655	440	210
$90,000 to $99,999	410	295	115	485	335	150
$100,000 and over	780	655	125	1,230	945	285
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,452	...	...	90,315	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,015	...	...	74,746	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,595	...	...	1,740	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,268	...	...	42,270	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,944	...	...	35,849	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	7,245	...	...	6,420	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,209	...	...	106,014	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,844	...	...	86,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,629	...	...	104,597	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,357	...	...	83,770	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,590	...	...	1,750	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,146	...	...	48,382	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,677	...	...	39,336	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	7,250	...	...	6,415	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,917	...	...	119,908	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,606	...	...	95,873	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
Under $5,000	185	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	120	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	540	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	690	...	...	165	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	740	...	...	215	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	475	...	...	190	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	505	...	...	240	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	600	...	...	270	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	560	...	...	320	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	565	...	...	300	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,000	...	...	600	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	965	...	...	555	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	845	...	...	550	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	670	...	...	540	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	640	...	...	520	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,735	...	...	3,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,145	...	...	1,120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	710	...	...	905	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	575	...	...	905	...	...
$200,000 and over	305	...	...	650	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
Under $5,000	190	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	120	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	545	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	710	...	...	175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	815	...	...	255	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	580	...	...	235	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	700	...	...	330	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	685	...	...	365	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	685	...	...	390	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	640	...	...	365	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,195	...	...	790	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,000	...	...	720	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	835	...	...	675	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	715	...	...	675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	640	...	...	575	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,785	...	...	2,470	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	925	...	...	1,150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	450	...	...	640	...	...
$150,000 and over	415	...	...	680	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,880	...	...	6,315	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,826	...	...	106,187	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,542	...	...	86,644	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,795	...	...	2,310	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,971	...	...	88,690	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,328	...	...	73,096	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,605	...	...	2,945	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,095	...	...	135,633	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,404	...	...	109,036	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,275	...	...	960	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,744	...	...	68,352	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,448	...	...	58,778	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,890	...	...	6,320	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,808	...	...	120,091	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,376	...	...	95,926	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,850	...	...	2,335	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,134	...	...	103,193	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,455	...	...	82,199	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,610	...	...	2,930	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,721	...	...	147,118	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,905	...	...	116,743	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,255	...	...	985	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,328	...	...	81,394	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,778	...	...	67,484	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,685	2,655	3,030	2,050	980	1,070
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,945	37,184	28,048	40,602	45,568	36,437
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,527	32,666	25,808	34,867	38,254	32,043
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,690	2,750	2,940	2,050	995	1,045
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,188	41,517	35,077	46,111	52,305	40,205
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,083	35,179	31,124	37,711	41,717	33,891
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	25,315	12,205	13,110	20,845	10,330	10,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	14,045	6,370	7,665	7,405	3,495	3,910
In the bottom decile	2,965	1,320	1,650	575	275	305
In the second decile	2,955	1,225	1,725	1,115	500	625
In the third decile	2,655	1,225	1,425	1,570	725	840
In the fourth decile	2,675	1,265	1,415	1,885	915	970
In the fifth decile	2,790	1,340	1,450	2,255	1,085	1,170
In the top half of the distribution	11,270	5,835	5,440	13,445	6,840	6,605
In the sixth decile	2,630	1,330	1,305	2,600	1,295	1,305
In the seventh decile	2,880	1,465	1,410	3,045	1,530	1,510
In the eighth decile	2,350	1,260	1,090	3,100	1,580	1,520
In the ninth decile	2,095	1,085	1,015	2,730	1,405	1,325
In the top decile	1,315	695	620	1,965	1,025	940
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	25,315	12,210	13,110	20,850	10,335	10,515
0 to 17 years	4,665	2,400	2,265	4,555	2,325	2,235
0 to 5 years	1,640	850	790	1,410	735	675
18 to 64 years	16,160	7,850	8,305	13,895	6,845	7,050
65 years and over	4,490	1,955	2,535	2,395	1,165	1,230
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,385	1,890	2,495	1,035	465	570
0 to 17 years	1,100	560	540	225	125	100
0 to 5 years	335	170	165	60	35	30
18 to 64 years	2,330	980	1,350	565	255	310
65 years and over	960	345	615	245	85	160
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.3	15.5	19.0	5.0	4.5	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	23.6	23.3	23.8	4.9	5.4	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	20.4	20.0	20.9	4.3	4.8	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	14.4	12.5	16.3	4.1	3.7	4.4
65 years and over (%)	21.4	17.6	24.3	10.2	7.3	13.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,635	1,570	2,070	350	170	180
0 to 17 years	865	440	425	75	35	35
0 to 5 years	235	125	110	20	10	5
18 to 64 years	2,130	905	1,220	250	120	130
65 years and over	645	225	420	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	14.4	12.9	15.8	1.7	1.6	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	18.5	18.3	18.8	1.6	1.5	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	14.7	13.9	1.4	1.4	0.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	11.5	14.7	1.8	1.8	1.8
65 years and over (%)	14.4	11.5	16.6	1.0	0.9	1.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	25,315	12,205	13,110	20,850	10,335	10,515
Official languages	24,890	12,010	12,880	20,830	10,325	10,505
English	24,880	12,005	12,870	9,940	5,300	4,640
French	1,290	525	760	20,785	10,300	10,480
Non-official languages	4,510	2,075	2,435	1,320	650	675
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,505	2,065	2,435	1,320	645	675
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	125	60	115	70	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	180	125	60	105	60	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	145	105	40	105	65	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	180	90	85	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	170	90	85	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	410	175	235	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	30	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	45	15	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	350	150	195	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	45	20	30
Haitian Creole	0	10	10	20	0	15
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	0	25	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	20	0	15	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,425	1,095	1,330	1,015	510	510
Albanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	400	195	205	15	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	400	195	205	15	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	55	40	10	0	0	0
Czech	55	20	40	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	40	35	0	0	0
Russian	120	55	65	0	0	0
Serbian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	20	0	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	15	25	0	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	680	325	360	65	40	30
Afrikaans	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	40	25	10	0	0	0
Dutch	160	70	90	10	10	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	450	215	235	55	30	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	20	10	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	555	275	280	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	400	180	220	10	10	10
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	175	70	105	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	260	130	135	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	155	90	60	10	10	0
Kurdish	40	30	10	10	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	120	60	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	820	315	505	925	455	465
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	130	65	65	185	120	60
Portuguese	115	55	55	25	15	10
Romanian	30	10	20	35	20	10
Spanish	555	195	365	705	320	380
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	135	40	100	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	200	85	110	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	65	30	35
Akan (Twi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	60	30	30
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	10	0	10	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	15	0	10
Sign languages	90	40	50	35	10	30
American Sign Language	35	10	25	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	25
Sign languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	775	370	405	15	10	10
Chinese languages	370	155	210	15	0	10
Cantonese	175	75	105	0	0	10
Hakka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	200	75	125	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	25	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	405	210	190	0	0	0
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	400	210	190	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	0	20	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	20	0	20	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	30	20	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	30	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	140	85	60	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	0	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	120	70	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	25,315	12,210	13,110	20,850	10,335	10,515
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	23,855	11,515	12,345	20,640	10,240	10,405
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,465	2,255	2,215	4,565	2,320	2,245
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	19,390	9,260	10,125	16,080	7,920	8,160
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,455	695	765	205	95	115
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	25,315	12,205	13,105	20,845	10,335	10,515
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	20,710	10,030	10,680	20,055	9,920	10,135
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,395	2,075	2,315	780	405	375
Before 1981	1,625	795	830	245	135	110
1981 to 1990	420	205	210	65	35	30
1991 to 2000	570	230	335	140	75	60
2001 to 2010	1,255	590	665	220	110	115
2001 to 2005	390	165	220	105	55	55
2006 to 2010	870	425	445	120	55	65
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	525	250	265	110	50	55
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	210	100	110	20	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,395	2,075	2,320	780	405	370
Under 5 years	580	300	280	130	60	70
5 to 14 years	795	400	395	145	70	70
15 to 24 years	975	470	505	180	130	50
25 to 44 years	1,630	730	900	285	135	150
45 years and over	415	180	240	40	15	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,395	2,080	2,315	775	405	375
Americas	660	260	400	160	75	85
Brazil	40	10	30	0	0	0
Colombia	35	10	20	10	10	0
El Salvador	45	15	25	0	0	10
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	25	15	15
Jamaica	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	50	0	50	0	10	10
Peru	35	10	25	30	20	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	320	150	170	35	15	15
Other places of birth in Americas	105	50	60	45	20	25
Europe	1,690	855	830	290	155	130
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	25	20	10	0	0	0
France	25	20	10	170	90	80
Germany	205	90	120	20	10	15
Greece	0	10	0	10	0	10
Hungary	75	40	35	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Italy	30	15	10	35	25	10
Netherlands	145	60	85	0	0	0
Poland	55	30	25	0	0	0
Portugal	25	15	10	0	0	0
Romania	55	30	25	30	20	10
Russian Federation	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	710	380	335	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	195	90	110	30	15	10
Africa	165	95	65	200	120	80
Algeria	0	0	0	45	25	20
Egypt	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	55	30	25
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	50	40	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	40	35	95	55	40
Asia	1,785	825	960	120	45	75
Afghanistan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	145	55	85	45	0	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	45	20	25	0	0	0
India	160	55	95	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Iraq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Japan	30	0	30	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	165	75	85	0	10	0
Lebanon	20	20	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	375	145	230	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	65	45	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	120	55	60	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	485	250	235	40	15	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	95	40	55	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	520	255	265	105	50	55
Americas	50	20	30	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	10	0	0
Europe	70	40	25	60	25	30
France	0	0	10	45	20	25
Germany	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	10	0	0	0
Africa	25	15	10	30	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	25	10	15
Asia	375	175	205	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	85	30	55	10	10	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	65	45	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	10	30	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	25,315	12,205	13,110	20,850	10,330	10,515
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,785	2,290	2,500	870	450	415
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,550	2,675	2,880	980	545	430
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,980	7,245	7,735	19,005	9,335	9,665
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,855	1,330	1,525	550	275	270
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,200	565	640	280	145	130
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	500	295	200	140	80	60
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	700	265	430	135	70	75
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	810	310	495	230	110	120
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	820	450	370	30	15	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	0	25	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	25,315	12,205	13,110	20,850	10,335	10,515
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,520	690	830	135	75	65
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,480	680	805	125	65	65
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	605	315	295	40	25	15
Métis	850	350	505	80	35	45
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	23,795	11,515	12,280	20,710	10,265	10,450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	25,315	12,210	13,110	20,850	10,335	10,515
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	240	145	95	55	40	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	25,075	12,060	13,015	20,790	10,290	10,495
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	25,315	12,210	13,110	20,850	10,335	10,515
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	180	85	100	100	65	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	180	85	100	100	65	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	80	30	50	60	50	10
Métis single ancestry	95	50	50	35	20	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,595	700	900	585	280	300
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,540	685	860	585	285	305
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	840	390	450	495	240	255
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	675	280	395	85	40	50
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	55	10	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	10	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	23,535	11,420	12,110	20,165	9,985	10,180
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	25,315	12,210	13,110	20,850	10,335	10,515
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,500	1,700	1,795	670	365	305
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	580	265	315	30	15	15
Chinese	450	200	245	70	15	55
Black	205	140	65	205	105	95
Filipino	505	235	270	0	0	0
Latin American	270	90	180	120	70	50
Arab	135	75	65	100	70	25
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	650	325	325	25	20	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	95	50	40	0	0	0
Korean	215	100	115	10	10	0
Japanese	165	75	90	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	70	45	25	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	155	100	50	80	50	35
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	21,820	10,510	11,310	20,175	9,970	10,210
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	25,315	12,205	13,110	20,850	10,335	10,515
North American Aboriginal origins	1,785	785	1,000	685	345	335
First Nations (North American Indian)	985	445	540	555	290	260
Inuit	30	15	15	10	0	0
Métis	835	345	485	130	55	70
Other North American origins	6,175	3,020	3,160	15,520	7,650	7,870
Acadian	35	10	20	145	75	75
American	460	210	255	100	50	50
Canadian	5,795	2,875	2,920	14,950	7,370	7,580
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	0	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	525	255	275
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	20,025	9,585	10,440	7,965	4,000	3,970
British Isles origins	13,745	6,615	7,130	1,510	720	790
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	8,650	4,150	4,500	270	130	140
Irish	4,890	2,345	2,545	1,075	470	605
Manx	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	6,150	2,900	3,250	335	185	145
Welsh	795	350	445	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	725	345	380	10	10	10
French origins	3,015	1,275	1,740	6,095	3,065	3,030
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	60	40	25
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,015	1,275	1,735	6,040	3,035	3,005
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,140	2,795	3,345	715	315	400
Austrian	275	120	155	35	20	20
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	75	35	35	255	125	135
Dutch	1,765	820	940	40	20	15
Flemish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	4,415	2,020	2,395	335	125	210
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	170	60	110	60	35	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,485	1,105	1,380	25	15	10
Danish	555	275	275	0	0	0
Finnish	180	90	90	0	0	0
Icelandic	335	145	190	0	0	0
Norwegian	950	385	565	20	10	10
Swedish	680	280	405	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	95	45	50	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,135	1,785	2,350	240	140	105
Bulgarian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Byelorussian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Czech	205	85	125	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	70	35	35	10	0	10
Estonian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	550	235	310	25	10	10
Latvian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Lithuanian	65	10	60	0	10	0
Moldovan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Polish	905	350	555	80	45	40
Romanian	190	75	115	40	25	15
Russian	935	425	505	25	10	10
Slovak	55	15	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,730	790	945	65	50	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,865	910	955	900	470	430
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	90	65	25	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	125	55	65	50	20	30
Italian	995	515	480	715	390	330
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	160	55	100	70	35	35
Serbian	85	60	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Slovenian	25	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	350	130	225	90	45	50
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	50	10	40	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	320	165	155	15	15	0
Basque	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jewish	130	70	60	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	165	80	85	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	155	80	75	145	80	60
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	20	20	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	105	60	45
Jamaican	50	20	30	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	15	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	10	0	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	0	10	10	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	465	195	275	220	135	90
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	70	40	25	0	0	0
Chilean	35	15	20	10	0	0
Colombian	60	20	35	30	20	10
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guatemalan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	135	40	100	45	25	20
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	55	25	35	45	35	10
Salvadorean	35	20	15	30	25	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	20	10	0	0	0
African origins	270	160	100	335	190	150
Central and West African origins	10	15	0	75	45	35
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	15	15	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	25	10	10	210	120	85
Algerian	0	0	0	50	40	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	0	15	0	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	100	70	35
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	45	10	35
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	90	65	30	15	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	10	0	15	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	60	40	20	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	140	75	65	40	10	25
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	130	65	60	40	15	25
Asian origins	3,185	1,530	1,655	310	135	170
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	370	225	145	150	70	80
Afghan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	40	15	30
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	55	35	20	0	0	0
Israeli	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	35	35	10	20	10	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	35	10	70	30	30
Palestinian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	15	10	25	15	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	590	270	320	35	10	25
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	475	230	240	20	10	15
Goan	0	0	0	15	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	0	30	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	10	25	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	0	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,255	1,045	1,210	120	50	75
Burmese	85	45	40	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	625	280	345	70	25	50
Filipino	510	230	280	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Japanese	245	115	130	10	0	10
Karen	340	180	165	0	0	0
Korean	265	135	135	10	10	10
Laotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	20	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	195	105	95	20	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	255	130	125	0	0	0
Australian	140	70	70	0	0	0
New Zealander	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	85	40	45	0	0	0
Fijian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
Owner	7,335	...	...	6,560	...	...
Renter	4,500	...	...	1,605	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	11,840	...	...	8,165	...	...
Condominium	5,060	...	...	960	...	...
Not condominium	6,775	...	...	7,205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
No bedrooms	170	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	2,625	...	...	475	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,725	...	...	1,860	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,615	...	...	3,565	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,705	...	...	2,250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	11,840	...	...	8,165	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,310	...	...	1,515	...	...
5 rooms	2,060	...	...	1,080	...	...
6 rooms	1,435	...	...	990	...	...
7 rooms	1,025	...	...	1,285	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,015	...	...	3,290	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,630	...	...	8,145	...	...
More than 1 person per room	215	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
Suitable	11,165	...	...	8,065	...	...
Not suitable	675	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
1960 or before	515	...	...	755	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,560	...	...	1,780	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,965	...	...	2,255	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,695	...	...	2,120	...	...
2001 to 2005	595	...	...	600	...	...
2006 to 2010	865	...	...	260	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	650	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	11,150	...	...	7,915	...	...
Major repairs needed	695	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
1 household maintainer	7,530	...	...	4,240	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,040	...	...	3,845	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	270	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	11,840	...	...	8,160	...	...
15 to 24 years	295	...	...	155	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,910	...	...	1,035	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,965	...	...	1,540	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,275	...	...	2,100	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,145	...	...	1,835	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,870	...	...	1,050	...	...
75 to 84 years	890	...	...	375	...	...
85 years and over	495	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	11,840	...	...	8,130	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,155	...	...	7,155	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,685	...	...	970	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,350	...	...	900	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,340	...	...	6,525	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	70.1	...	...	66.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	21.5	...	...	8.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,209	...	...	1,118	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,294	...	...	1,152	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	341,626	...	...	299,844	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	440,443	...	...	320,677	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,505	...	...	1,605	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	22.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.8	...	...	27.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	930	...	...	786	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	960	...	...	822	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	21,415	10,195	11,220	17,105	8,420	8,690
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,290	2,235	2,050	2,365	1,320	1,045
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,275	3,400	3,875	3,860	1,865	1,990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,850	4,560	5,290	10,880	5,230	5,650
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,270	1,705	565	2,890	1,705	1,190
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	885	465	415	2,060	1,060	1,000
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,385	1,235	150	835	645	190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,260	1,515	2,745	3,935	1,860	2,080
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580	210	375	725	315	410
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,740	1,135	1,610	3,320	1,355	1,970
Bachelor's degree	1,870	785	1,090	2,400	910	1,485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	275	95	180	300	95	205
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	25	30	55	25	35
Master's degree	465	180	285	515	285	230
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	45	25	60	35	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	14,225	6,920	7,310	11,765	5,665	6,100
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,915	1,140	770	830	510	320
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,585	2,250	2,335	2,170	1,045	1,125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,730	3,525	4,200	8,765	4,115	4,655
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,650	1,245	405	2,265	1,285	975
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	645	340	310	1,650	820	830
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,000	905	95	615	465	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,375	1,200	2,180	2,980	1,405	1,575
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	440	165	270	565	235	330
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,260	920	1,345	2,955	1,185	1,775
Bachelor's degree	1,575	655	920	2,135	810	1,320
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	85	155	250	70	180
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15	40	10	35
Master's degree	370	140	230	470	255	215
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	25	25	55	30	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	21,415	10,195	11,220	17,105	8,420	8,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	11,565	5,635	5,930	6,225	3,190	3,040
Education	720	155	560	810	140	670
13. Education	715	155	560	815	135	670
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	360	155	200	345	175	170
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	50	10	105	75	25
50. Visual and performing arts	295	115	185	240	95	145
Humanities	580	220	365	440	180	260
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	10	55	35	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	130	50	80	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	150	55	95	310	135	175
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	125	65	65	20	15	10
54. History	75	25	45	35	15	15
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	30	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	920	250	670	770	185	585
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	35	60	125	15	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	25	205	155	10	150
22. Legal professions and studies	140	15	130	115	25	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	30	15	10	10
42. Psychology	145	30	120	165	50	110
45. Social sciences	275	145	125	190	80	110
Business, management and public administration	1,870	650	1,225	2,940	1,085	1,850
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	20	95	120	20	95
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,755	630	1,125	2,820	1,070	1,750
Physical and life sciences and technologies	200	120	75	360	215	145
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	50	55	115	50	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	35	10	55	35	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	55	20	30
40. Physical sciences	50	40	15	90	65	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	55	45	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	335	195	135	430	280	150
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	270	180	85	370	265	105
25. Library science	45	10	40	15	10	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	35	0	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,290	2,165	125	2,420	2,205	210
04. Architecture and related services	50	40	15	85	40	50
14. Engineering	215	185	30	370	320	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	315	275	45	680	615	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	765	740	25	490	465	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	615	605	10	520	510	10
48. Precision production	330	320	10	280	265	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	95	50	115	65	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	130	80	50	100	50	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	20	0	20	15	0
Health and related fields	1,660	225	1,430	1,380	250	1,130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	50	100	75	35	35
51. Health professions and related programs	1,505	175	1,330	1,295	205	1,090
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	780	325	455	865	445	425
12. Personal and culinary services	515	125	395	405	75	330
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	100	60	40	285	195	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	155	135	20	165	165	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	14,225	6,920	7,305	11,765	5,660	6,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,495	3,390	3,105	3,000	1,550	1,445
Education	560	125	435	630	100	525
13. Education	560	120	435	625	100	530
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	300	135	165	285	140	140
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	40	15	85	55	25
50. Visual and performing arts	250	95	150	200	85	115
Humanities	485	175	310	315	135	180
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	10	45	30	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	95	20	70	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	155	60	95	210	95	115
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	50	55	20	15	0
54. History	50	20	30	20	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	810	225	580	615	140	475
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	35	55	95	10	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	210	20	195	140	10	135
22. Legal professions and studies	115	10	105	80	20	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	120	25	95	140	40	105
45. Social sciences	240	130	110	150	70	85
Business, management and public administration	1,425	495	930	2,485	905	1,575
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	20	80	100	10	90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,325	480	840	2,380	895	1,485
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	100	65	250	155	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	40	45	90	30	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	30	10	35	25	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	10	85	65	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	35	30	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	280	155	120	355	220	140
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	150	75	320	210	110
25. Library science	40	0	30	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	25	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,735	1,625	110	1,880	1,710	170
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	15	55	25	30
14. Engineering	160	135	25	320	280	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	225	180	40	565	505	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	575	560	10	355	340	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	490	480	10	370	365	10
48. Precision production	245	240	10	220	200	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	75	50	90	55	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	110	60	50	75	45	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	15	10	10
Health and related fields	1,270	175	1,090	1,130	180	950
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	145	45	100	60	30	35
51. Health professions and related programs	1,125	135	995	1,065	150	910
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	580	240	340	735	370	360
12. Personal and culinary services	360	75	290	355	65	290
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	85	50	40	220	150	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	115	15	145	145	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	21,415	10,195	11,220	17,105	8,420	8,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,565	5,635	5,925	6,225	3,190	3,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,850	4,560	5,290	10,880	5,230	5,645
Location of study inside Canada	8,520	3,925	4,595	10,590	5,060	5,530
Same as province or territory of residence	7,135	3,190	3,945	10,465	4,995	5,470
Different than province or territory of residence	1,385	730	655	125	65	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,335	640	695	285	165	120
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	235	110	120	30	20	10
Philippines	180	85	100	0	0	0
India	75	35	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	195	95	105	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	45	20	20	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	125	85	40
Other	585	285	300	130	60	65
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	14,225	6,915	7,310	11,760	5,665	6,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,495	3,395	3,105	3,000	1,555	1,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,730	3,525	4,200	8,765	4,110	4,655
Location of study inside Canada	6,805	3,100	3,700	8,545	3,995	4,550
Same as province or territory of residence	5,880	2,620	3,260	8,445	3,935	4,510
Different than province or territory of residence	925	480	440	95	55	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	925	425	500	225	120	105
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	150	65	80	30	20	0
Philippines	145	70	80	0	0	0
India	65	30	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	85	30	55	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	20	20	10	0	0
France	15	10	0	95	60	30
Other	420	200	220	95	35	60
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	21,415	10,195	11,220	17,105	8,420	8,685
In the labour force	14,055	7,315	6,740	12,535	6,290	6,245
Employed	13,220	6,870	6,350	12,045	6,015	6,035
Unemployed	830	440	385	485	275	210
Not in the labour force	7,365	2,885	4,480	4,575	2,130	2,440
Participation rate	65.6	71.8	60.1	73.3	74.7	71.9
Employment rate	61.7	67.4	56.6	70.4	71.4	69.5
Unemployment rate	5.9	6.0	5.7	3.9	4.4	3.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	21,415	10,200	11,220	17,105	8,420	8,685
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,010	2,740	4,270	4,035	1,855	2,180
Worked	14,405	7,455	6,950	13,070	6,570	6,505
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	7,935	4,740	3,200	6,560	3,480	3,080
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,470	2,715	3,750	6,515	3,085	3,430
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.1	45.5	42.7	43.7	43.8	43.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	14,055	7,315	6,740	12,530	6,290	6,245
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	150	125	140	70	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	13,780	7,165	6,615	12,390	6,215	6,170
Employee	12,475	6,415	6,065	11,060	5,395	5,665
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,305	750	555	1,330	820	510
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	14,055	7,310	6,740	12,530	6,290	6,245
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	150	125	140	70	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	13,780	7,165	6,615	12,390	6,215	6,170
0 Management occupations	1,325	825	500	1,385	885	495
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,210	585	1,625	2,365	655	1,715
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	590	455	130	925	710	220
3 Health occupations	635	110	525	885	135	750
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,420	380	1,040	1,545	425	1,120
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	390	150	240	340	165	175
6 Sales and service occupations	3,560	1,435	2,120	2,595	1,115	1,480
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,775	2,600	175	1,745	1,660	90
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	330	200	135	110	80	35
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	540	430	110	485	385	100
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	14,050	7,310	6,740	12,535	6,290	6,245
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	145	125	145	70	65
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	13,775	7,165	6,615	12,390	6,215	6,175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	185	80	110	75	50	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	0	30	25	0
22 Utilities	40	25	20	205	155	50
23 Construction	1,560	1,330	230	775	680	90
31-33 Manufacturing	1,335	1,030	300	1,470	1,090	385
41 Wholesale trade	735	480	250	615	395	220
44-45 Retail trade	1,930	830	1,100	1,650	765	885
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	840	620	220	545	400	140
51 Information and cultural industries	250	145	105	335	190	145
52 Finance and insurance	465	170	295	560	195	370
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	235	135	100	130	75	60
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	695	340	350	770	370	400
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	20	15	15	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	755	405	350	545	310	235
61 Educational services	965	265	705	1,035	270	765
62 Health care and social assistance	1,300	205	1,095	1,500	240	1,255
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	295	120	175	195	110	85
72 Accommodation and food services	940	325	615	565	255	320
81 Other services (except public administration)	670	345	330	620	255	370
91 Public administration	520	275	245	745	390	350
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	13,225	6,870	6,350	12,050	6,015	6,035
Worked at home	750	330	415	615	310	305
Worked outside Canada	25	15	10	15	15	0
No fixed workplace address	2,080	1,585	495	925	735	195
Worked at usual place	10,365	4,940	5,425	10,485	4,950	5,530
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	10,360	4,940	5,425	10,485	4,950	5,530
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,790	735	1,050	2,615	1,270	1,350
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,960	3,850	4,115	455	230	220
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	595	345	250	7,415	3,455	3,965
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	12,445	6,525	5,920	11,410	5,685	5,725
Car, truck, van - as a driver	10,010	5,350	4,665	9,575	4,955	4,620
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	665	325	345	370	140	235
Public transit	895	415	480	900	350	550
Walked	665	290	370	355	145	210
Bicycle	65	50	15	140	65	80
Other method	145	95	45	70	35	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	12,445	6,525	5,925	11,415	5,685	5,730
Less than 15 minutes	3,225	1,340	1,885	2,765	1,300	1,470
15 to 29 minutes	3,580	1,645	1,935	4,220	2,095	2,130
30 to 44 minutes	2,720	1,580	1,140	2,410	1,275	1,125
45 to 59 minutes	1,435	965	475	1,135	550	585
60 minutes and over	1,485	995	485	880	465	415
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	12,445	6,525	5,920	11,415	5,685	5,730
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,440	1,070	370	1,075	865	210
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,640	1,750	890	2,175	1,300	875
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,100	1,455	1,645	3,730	1,685	2,040
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,935	710	1,230	1,995	610	1,385
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,320	530	785	920	380	535
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,010	1,015	1,000	1,520	845	675
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	14,885	7,630	7,255	13,300	6,680	6,615
Single responses	14,770	7,585	7,185	12,805	6,445	6,360
Official languages	14,670	7,535	7,135	12,805	6,450	6,360
English	14,630	7,535	7,090	405	255	145
French	40	0	40	12,405	6,195	6,215
Non-official languages	105	50	50	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	45	70	490	235	260
English and French	15	0	10	475	235	245
English and non-official language	95	40	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	15	0	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	14,885	7,630	7,255	13,300	6,685	6,615
None	14,415	7,425	6,990	9,615	4,635	4,980
English	70	20	55	3,330	1,830	1,495
French	105	45	60	325	200	125
Non-official language	290	140	150	10	0	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	285	140	150	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	10
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	25,020	12,065	12,955	20,655	10,245	10,410
Non-movers	20,935	10,040	10,900	18,615	9,280	9,330
Movers	4,080	2,025	2,055	2,040	965	1,080
Non-migrants	1,650	835	820	995	475	520
Migrants	2,435	1,195	1,240	1,045	485	560
Internal migrants	2,230	1,075	1,155	1,040	485	555
Intraprovincial migrants	1,925	925	995	1,005	470	535
Interprovincial migrants	305	145	160	35	15	20
External migrants	200	120	85	10	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	23,930	11,450	12,480	19,725	9,780	9,940
Non-movers	12,865	6,145	6,720	13,965	7,040	6,925
Movers	11,065	5,305	5,755	5,755	2,740	3,015
Non-migrants	5,155	2,465	2,690	2,900	1,405	1,500
Migrants	5,910	2,840	3,065	2,855	1,340	1,520
Internal migrants	5,355	2,590	2,765	2,735	1,290	1,445
Intraprovincial migrants	4,830	2,355	2,475	2,710	1,275	1,435
Interprovincial migrants	530	235	295	30	15	10
External migrants	550	250	300	120	50	70

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Langley, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Varennes, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 20, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Varennes, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec