Census Profile, 2016 Census
Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Division No. 15, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Langley, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Division No. 15, CDR Manitoba [Census division]
	Data quality , Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 15, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	25,888	...	...	21,379	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	25,081	...	...	20,837^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.2	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	12,264	...	...	10,696	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	11,840	...	...	8,564	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,533.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.22	...	...	8,765.77	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	25,885	12,400	13,490	21,380	10,765	10,615
0 to 14 years	3,915	2,020	1,895	3,860	1,980	1,880
0 to 4 years	1,400	720	680	1,275	640	630
5 to 9 years	1,315	680	635	1,340	710	630
10 to 14 years	1,200	615	580	1,245	625	620
15 to 64 years	17,010	8,290	8,720	12,915	6,635	6,280
15 to 19 years	1,275	660	620	1,205	595	605
20 to 24 years	1,495	740	750	935	500	435
25 to 29 years	1,725	820	905	1,070	540	530
30 to 34 years	2,015	1,005	1,010	1,325	680	640
35 to 39 years	1,795	895	895	1,305	715	595
40 to 44 years	1,655	815	835	1,175	615	555
45 to 49 years	1,740	825	910	1,165	605	565
50 to 54 years	1,815	905	910	1,455	715	745
55 to 59 years	1,800	865	935	1,650	845	800
60 to 64 years	1,710	755	955	1,630	820	810
65 years and over	4,960	2,090	2,870	4,605	2,150	2,455
65 to 69 years	1,580	725	860	1,455	720	735
70 to 74 years	1,135	515	620	985	525	460
75 to 79 years	760	330	435	770	350	415
80 to 84 years	625	265	365	590	270	320
85 years and over	855	255	595	810	285	525
85 to 89 years	475	165	315	425	185	245
90 to 94 years	275	70	200	280	75	200
95 to 99 years	90	20	75	95	20	75
100 years and over	5	0	10	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	16.3	14.0	18.1	18.4	17.7
15 to 64 years	65.7	66.9	64.6	60.4	61.6	59.2
65 years and over	19.2	16.9	21.3	21.5	20.0	23.1
85 years and over	3.3	2.1	4.4	3.8	2.6	4.9
Average age of the population	42.5	40.8	43.9	43.1	42.1	44.0
Median age of the population	42.2	40.4	44.1	44.1	42.8	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
Single-detached house	2,735	...	...	7,210	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	40	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,060	...	...	875	...	...
Semi-detached house	320	...	...	100	...	...
Row house	1,085	...	...	235	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	855	...	...	80	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,795	...	...	450	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	11,840	...	...	8,560	...	...
1 person	4,595	...	...	2,555	...	...
2 persons	3,870	...	...	3,450	...	...
3 persons	1,560	...	...	920	...	...
4 persons	1,120	...	...	910	...	...
5 or more persons	695	...	...	730	...	...
Number of persons in private households	25,315	...	...	20,060	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	21,970	10,380	11,595	17,515	8,785	8,735
Married or living common law	11,430	5,710	5,725	11,190	5,695	5,490
Married	9,020	4,495	4,525	9,655	4,935	4,720
Living common law	2,415	1,215	1,200	1,530	765	770
Not married and not living common law	10,540	4,675	5,870	6,335	3,085	3,240
Never married	5,925	3,200	2,725	3,650	2,135	1,520
Separated	820	325	495	355	180	175
Divorced	2,200	805	1,395	875	460	410
Widowed	1,590	335	1,250	1,450	320	1,135
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,910	...	...	5,905	...	...
2 persons	3,845	...	...	3,540	...	...
3 persons	1,500	...	...	925	...	...
4 persons	1,085	...	...	875	...	...
5 or more persons	480	...	...	570	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,910	...	...	5,910	...	...
Total couple families	5,575	...	...	5,225	...	...
Married couples	4,370	...	...	4,460	...	...
Common-law couples	1,205	...	...	765	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,335	...	...	680	...	...
Female parent	1,115	...	...	525	...	...
Male parent	220	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,575	...	...	5,225	...	...
Couples without children	2,980	...	...	3,130	...	...
Couples with children	2,595	...	...	2,100	...	...
1 child	1,140	...	...	755	...	...
2 children	1,000	...	...	810	...	...
3 or more children	455	...	...	530	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,335	...	...	680	...	...
1 child	870	...	...	410	...	...
2 children	360	...	...	170	...	...
3 or more children	105	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,205	2,885	3,320	3,615	1,985	1,635
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
One-census-family households	6,615	...	...	5,680	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,860	...	...	3,040	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,755	...	...	2,635	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	150	...	...	110	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,080	...	...	2,775	...	...
One-person households	4,595	...	...	2,555	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	485	...	...	220	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	25,510	12,265	13,240	21,005	10,640	10,365
English only	23,915	11,575	12,335	20,090	10,220	9,875
French only	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and French	1,235	530	710	845	395	455
Neither English nor French	360	160	195	70	25	35
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	25,510	12,270	13,245	21,005	10,635	10,370
English	24,855	11,955	12,900	20,625	10,445	10,180
French	260	125	130	295	155	135
English and French	45	30	20	20	10	10
Neither English nor French	350	155	195	65	25	40
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	285	140	140	305	160	140
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.5	1.5	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	25,510	12,265	13,240	21,005	10,640	10,370
Single responses	25,150	12,100	13,045	20,545	10,385	10,155
Official languages	21,440	10,435	11,005	17,155	8,645	8,520
English	21,140	10,295	10,845	16,840	8,475	8,365
French	300	140	160	320	170	155
Non-official languages	3,710	1,670	2,040	3,385	1,740	1,640
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	170	90	80
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	125	60	65
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	10	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	115	55	55
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	105	50	55
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Dakota	0	0	0	45	25	15
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,705	1,670	2,040	3,220	1,660	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	80	75	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	150	80	70	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Arabic	135	70	60	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	45	50	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	40	45	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	380	155	230	1,285	725	560
Bikol	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cebuano	30	10	20	90	55	40
Fijian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	10	30	15	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	10	10	5
Pangasinan	5	5	5	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	300	125	175	1,130	635	495
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	5	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,850	860	995	1,855	895	955
Albanian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	435	215	220	560	270	295
Baltic languages	10	5	10	0	0	5
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	425	210	210	560	270	290
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	0	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	115	60	50	45	15	30
Russian	90	45	50	35	15	20
Serbian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	25	35	475	235	245
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	5	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	560	250	310	1,200	580	620
Afrikaans	10	10	5	5	5	5
Danish	35	20	15	0	5	0
Dutch	140	65	80	80	35	45
Frisian	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	355	160	195	1,100	535	565
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	15	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	375	180	195	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	290	135	155	15	5	5
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	5	5	5
Hindi	55	25	30	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	155	70	85	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	25	5	5	0
Iranian languages	80	50	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	45	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	410	175	235	60	35	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	20	30	5	5	5
Portuguese	60	25	30	10	10	5
Romanian	45	25	25	5	5	5
Spanish	250	105	150	45	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	15	40	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	265	110	155	20	5	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	700	325	375	35	15	20
Chinese languages	345	155	190	30	10	20
Cantonese	90	40	50	20	10	10
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	190	85	105	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	15	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	360	170	185	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	350	170	180	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	115	45	70	0	0	5
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	5	0
Multiple responses	360	160	195	460	250	210
English and French	55	20	35	45	30	15
English and non-official language	290	135	160	410	220	195
French and non-official language	10	5	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	25,510	12,270	13,245	21,005	10,635	10,370
Single responses	24,765	11,935	12,835	20,115	10,150	9,965
Official languages	23,010	11,105	11,910	18,345	9,205	9,145
English	22,950	11,075	11,880	18,260	9,165	9,100
French	60	30	35	85	40	40
Non-official languages	1,755	830	920	1,765	945	825
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	15	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,750	830	925	1,740	930	815
Afro-Asiatic languages	115	60	55	5	5	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	60	50	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	55	45	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	0	0	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	75	85	815	480	335
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	60	35	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	10	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	65	65	740	430	310
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	580	280	295	890	440	450
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	80	85	120	60	60
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	150	70	80	125	65	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	20	20	0	0	0
Russian	50	20	30	25	10	10
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	95	50	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	25	725	345	375
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	20	15	700	340	360
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	205	110	95	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	155	80	75	10	5	5
Bengali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	65	80	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	5	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	5	5	0	0
Spanish	105	45	65	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	230	90	135	20	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	535	250	280	15	5	10
Chinese languages	220	100	115	15	5	10
Cantonese	60	35	30	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	130	60	75	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	315	145	165	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	305	145	160	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	745	340	410	890	485	405
English and French	25	10	15	20	10	10
English and non-official language	705	320	385	865	480	390
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	25,510	12,265	13,245	21,005	10,635	10,370
None	23,670	11,425	12,240	19,075	9,640	9,435
English	695	330	365	890	475	410
French	150	70	85	185	95	90
Non-official language	970	425	540	830	415	415
Aboriginal	0	0	0	95	50	50
Non-Aboriginal	965	420	540	730	365	365
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	5
English and non-official language	15	10	10	15	10	10
French and non-official language	15	5	5	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	21,415	10,195	11,220	16,470	8,355	8,110
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,650	9,855	10,795	15,885	8,090	7,800
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,658	42,672	27,052	32,666	38,917	26,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,675	9,870	10,805	15,885	8,085	7,800
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,355	37,069	25,395	29,260	34,241	24,708
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,150	8,870	9,280	14,560	7,565	7,000
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,100	42,978	24,630	29,740	37,040	22,385
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,730	6,110	8,620	11,750	5,485	6,265
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,652	5,952	6,928	6,595	5,005	7,365
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,435	7,805	7,630	12,030	6,555	5,475
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,762	45,504	27,664	30,679	36,662	24,525
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	21,415	10,195	11,220	16,470	8,345	8,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,635	9,840	10,795	15,890	8,110	7,775
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,522	48,747	33,027	38,949	44,537	33,121
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,670	9,860	10,810	15,895	8,110	7,780
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,576	40,423	29,243	32,732	36,587	28,711
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,100	8,865	9,235	14,500	7,535	6,965
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,534	48,728	30,708	36,342	42,726	29,434
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,750	6,145	8,605	11,675	5,470	6,200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,182	7,755	8,487	7,891	7,204	8,496
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,430	7,865	7,565	12,030	6,550	5,480
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,912	49,582	31,899	35,681	40,629	29,769
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	21,415	10,195	11,220	16,470	8,345	8,125
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	7,750	4,615	3,135	5,575	3,515	2,060
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,469	58,178	44,591	43,879	46,561	41,116
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,094	62,398	46,817	49,919	52,767	45,055
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.6	89.8	79.8	85.1	89.1	79.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	75.2	80.4	68.2	70.0	74.7	63.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.4	10.1	20.2	14.9	10.8	20.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	21,415	10,195	11,220	16,470	8,360	8,110
Without total income	760	335	425	585	270	310
With total income	20,655	9,855	10,800	15,885	8,085	7,800
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.7	96.3	96.4	96.7	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,385	950	1,440	2,050	920	1,130
$10,000 to $19,999	3,840	1,385	2,450	2,815	1,125	1,690
$20,000 to $29,999	3,130	1,155	1,980	2,500	1,010	1,490
$30,000 to $39,999	2,660	1,160	1,500	2,270	1,100	1,170
$40,000 to $49,999	2,280	1,055	1,225	1,995	1,150	845
$50,000 to $59,999	1,870	1,025	845	1,195	715	480
$60,000 to $69,999	1,350	875	480	925	575	345
$70,000 to $79,999	1,025	690	330	650	425	225
$80,000 to $89,999	690	485	205	485	315	165
$90,000 to $99,999	465	330	140	295	205	95
$100,000 and over	950	755	195	700	535	165
$100,000 to $149,999	755	600	160	545	415	130
$150,000 and over	190	160	30	155	125	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	21,415	10,195	11,220	16,470	8,360	8,110
Without after-tax income	740	325	415	585	270	310
With after-tax income	20,680	9,875	10,805	15,890	8,090	7,800
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.9	96.3	96.5	96.8	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,475	995	1,475	2,125	940	1,190
$10,000 to $19,999	4,050	1,485	2,565	2,995	1,210	1,785
$20,000 to $29,999	3,690	1,425	2,265	3,025	1,245	1,775
$30,000 to $39,999	3,225	1,440	1,785	2,910	1,590	1,315
$40,000 to $49,999	2,595	1,360	1,240	1,860	1,080	775
$50,000 to $59,999	1,770	1,120	650	1,165	765	400
$60,000 to $69,999	1,190	825	360	770	500	270
$70,000 to $79,999	735	495	240	445	310	135
$80,000 and over	940	730	210	595	445	150
$80,000 to $89,999	360	255	105	235	170	65
$90,000 to $99,999	235	190	50	140	100	40
$100,000 and over	345	290	60	215	175	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	21,415	10,195	11,220	16,470	8,360	8,115
Without employment income	5,985	2,395	3,590	4,440	1,800	2,635
With employment income	15,430	7,805	7,630	12,035	6,555	5,480
Percentage with employment income	72.1	76.6	68.0	73.1	78.4	67.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,065	890	1,180	1,875	945	930
$5,000 to $9,999	1,005	355	650	980	435	540
$10,000 to $19,999	1,875	690	1,185	1,615	730	890
$20,000 to $29,999	1,720	675	1,040	1,440	615	820
$30,000 to $39,999	1,865	835	1,025	1,650	890	760
$40,000 to $49,999	1,735	820	920	1,395	830	565
$50,000 to $59,999	1,490	850	645	845	540	305
$60,000 to $69,999	1,090	750	335	600	410	190
$70,000 to $79,999	815	575	245	500	325	175
$80,000 and over	1,770	1,365	410	1,130	840	290
$80,000 to $89,999	585	415	170	370	250	125
$90,000 to $99,999	410	295	115	225	155	70
$100,000 and over	780	655	125	530	435	95
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,452	...	...	60,298	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,015	...	...	53,191	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,595	...	...	2,555	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,268	...	...	29,197	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,944	...	...	26,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	7,245	...	...	6,010	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,209	...	...	77,662	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,844	...	...	67,003	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,629	...	...	72,283	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,357	...	...	60,745	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,590	...	...	2,550	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,146	...	...	38,178	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,677	...	...	32,431	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	7,250	...	...	6,010	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,917	...	...	86,740	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,606	...	...	72,747	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
Under $5,000	185	...	...	160	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	120	...	...	135	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	540	...	...	230	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	690	...	...	440	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	740	...	...	480	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	475	...	...	410	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	505	...	...	500	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	600	...	...	450	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	560	...	...	405	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	565	...	...	355	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,000	...	...	695	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	965	...	...	625	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	845	...	...	595	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	670	...	...	530	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	640	...	...	460	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,735	...	...	2,095	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,145	...	...	860	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	710	...	...	540	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	575	...	...	460	...	...
$200,000 and over	305	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
Under $5,000	190	...	...	175	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	120	...	...	135	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	545	...	...	235	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	710	...	...	460	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	815	...	...	540	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	580	...	...	485	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	700	...	...	585	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	685	...	...	500	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	685	...	...	455	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	640	...	...	440	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,195	...	...	855	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,000	...	...	750	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	835	...	...	680	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	715	...	...	545	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	640	...	...	435	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,785	...	...	1,285	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	925	...	...	695	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	450	...	...	310	...	...
$150,000 and over	415	...	...	280	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,880	...	...	5,905	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,826	...	...	75,124	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,542	...	...	65,347	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,795	...	...	3,045	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,971	...	...	70,461	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,328	...	...	61,137	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,605	...	...	2,110	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,095	...	...	92,821	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,404	...	...	79,200	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,275	...	...	635	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,744	...	...	42,688	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,448	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,890	...	...	5,865	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,808	...	...	84,869	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,376	...	...	71,107	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,850	...	...	3,040	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,134	...	...	79,802	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,455	...	...	66,832	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,610	...	...	2,120	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,721	...	...	101,356	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,905	...	...	84,129	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,255	...	...	615	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,328	...	...	54,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,778	...	...	48,412	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,685	2,655	3,030	3,255	1,775	1,475
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,945	37,184	28,048	30,437	35,940	25,984
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,527	32,666	25,808	27,707	31,728	24,466
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,690	2,750	2,940	3,260	1,730	1,530
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,188	41,517	35,077	37,183	40,777	33,117
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,083	35,179	31,124	31,634	33,685	29,313
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	25,315	12,205	13,110	20,060	10,195	9,865
In the bottom half of the distribution	14,045	6,370	7,665	12,300	6,105	6,190
In the bottom decile	2,965	1,320	1,650	2,400	1,245	1,160
In the second decile	2,955	1,225	1,725	2,630	1,170	1,460
In the third decile	2,655	1,225	1,425	2,640	1,305	1,335
In the fourth decile	2,675	1,265	1,415	2,390	1,240	1,150
In the fifth decile	2,790	1,340	1,450	2,235	1,145	1,085
In the top half of the distribution	11,270	5,835	5,440	7,755	4,090	3,675
In the sixth decile	2,630	1,330	1,305	1,925	1,000	920
In the seventh decile	2,880	1,465	1,410	1,985	1,025	955
In the eighth decile	2,350	1,260	1,090	1,745	915	835
In the ninth decile	2,095	1,085	1,015	1,290	700	580
In the top decile	1,315	695	620	820	445	380
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	25,315	12,210	13,110	18,865	9,585	9,275
0 to 17 years	4,665	2,400	2,265	3,850	1,955	1,900
0 to 5 years	1,640	850	790	1,270	645	625
18 to 64 years	16,160	7,850	8,305	10,955	5,680	5,270
65 years and over	4,490	1,955	2,535	4,055	1,955	2,100
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,385	1,890	2,495	2,900	1,365	1,535
0 to 17 years	1,100	560	540	705	350	350
0 to 5 years	335	170	165	255	130	125
18 to 64 years	2,330	980	1,350	1,355	680	680
65 years and over	960	345	615	840	335	505
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.3	15.5	19.0	15.4	14.2	16.5
0 to 17 years (%)	23.6	23.3	23.8	18.3	17.9	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	20.4	20.0	20.9	20.1	20.2	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.4	12.5	16.3	12.4	12.0	12.9
65 years and over (%)	21.4	17.6	24.3	20.7	17.1	24.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,635	1,570	2,070	880	480	400
0 to 17 years	865	440	425	210	110	105
0 to 5 years	235	125	110	70	35	35
18 to 64 years	2,130	905	1,220	600	335	270
65 years and over	645	225	420	75	40	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	14.4	12.9	15.8	4.7	5.0	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	18.5	18.3	18.8	5.5	5.6	5.5
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	14.7	13.9	5.5	5.4	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	11.5	14.7	5.5	5.9	5.1
65 years and over (%)	14.4	11.5	16.6	1.8	2.0	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	25,315	12,205	13,110	20,055	10,190	9,865
Official languages	24,890	12,010	12,880	20,040	10,190	9,855
English	24,880	12,005	12,870	20,045	10,190	9,855
French	1,290	525	760	830	370	455
Non-official languages	4,510	2,075	2,435	3,240	1,640	1,595
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	210	105	105
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	160	80	80
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	155	80	75
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	150	75	75
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Dakota	0	0	0	45	25	20
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,505	2,065	2,435	3,030	1,535	1,495
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	125	60	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	180	125	60	20	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	145	105	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	180	90	85	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	170	90	85	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	410	175	235	1,730	875	855
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	55	30	25	190	105	85
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	25	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	45	15	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	350	150	195	1,710	860	845
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	20	0	15	10	10	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,425	1,095	1,330	1,175	610	560
Albanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	400	195	205	630	315	310
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	400	195	205	630	315	315
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	55	40	10	10	0	10
Czech	55	20	40	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	40	35	30	20	10
Russian	120	55	65	60	35	25
Serbian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	20	0	15	0	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	15	25	545	280	265
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	25	15	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	25	20	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	680	325	360	395	215	185
Afrikaans	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	40	25	10	10	10	10
Dutch	160	70	90	65	30	35
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	450	215	235	340	185	155
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	20	10	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	555	275	280	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	400	180	220	0	10	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	175	70	105	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	260	130	135	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0	0	10	0
Urdu	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	155	90	60	0	0	0
Kurdish	40	30	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	120	60	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	820	315	505	145	80	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	130	65	65	0	0	0
Portuguese	115	55	55	20	15	10
Romanian	30	10	20	20	10	10
Spanish	555	195	365	110	60	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	135	40	100	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	200	85	110	25	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	15	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	10	0	10	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	90	40	50	10	0	0
American Sign Language	35	10	25	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	775	370	405	30	10	25
Chinese languages	370	155	210	30	10	25
Cantonese	175	75	105	20	10	10
Hakka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	200	75	125	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	25	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	405	210	190	0	0	0
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	400	210	190	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	140	85	60	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	0	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	120	70	45	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	25,315	12,210	13,110	20,055	10,190	9,865
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	23,855	11,515	12,345	17,970	9,115	8,855
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,465	2,255	2,215	3,800	1,995	1,805
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	19,390	9,260	10,125	14,175	7,120	7,050
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,455	695	765	2,085	1,075	1,010
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	25,315	12,205	13,105	20,060	10,190	9,865
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	20,710	10,030	10,680	17,330	8,815	8,515
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,395	2,075	2,315	2,310	1,065	1,250
Before 1981	1,625	795	830	260	100	155
1981 to 1990	420	205	210	55	35	20
1991 to 2000	570	230	335	220	105	115
2001 to 2010	1,255	590	665	405	230	175
2001 to 2005	390	165	220	120	70	45
2006 to 2010	870	425	445	285	160	125
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	525	250	265	1,370	585	785
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	210	100	110	415	310	110
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,395	2,075	2,320	2,310	1,065	1,245
Under 5 years	580	300	280	230	70	160
5 to 14 years	795	400	395	565	230	330
15 to 24 years	975	470	505	275	140	130
25 to 44 years	1,630	730	900	1,000	480	515
45 years and over	415	180	240	245	135	115
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,395	2,080	2,315	2,310	1,065	1,245
Americas	660	260	400	160	45	120
Brazil	40	10	30	0	0	0
Colombia	35	10	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	45	15	25	10	10	0
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	10	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	10	10	0	10
Mexico	50	0	50	20	10	15
Peru	35	10	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	320	150	170	100	25	80
Other places of birth in Americas	105	50	60	10	0	10
Europe	1,690	855	830	685	385	300
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	25	20	10	0	0	0
France	25	20	10	0	0	0
Germany	205	90	120	75	55	25
Greece	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	75	40	35	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Italy	30	15	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	145	60	85	50	20	30
Poland	55	30	25	0	0	0
Portugal	25	15	10	0	10	0
Romania	55	30	25	15	0	10
Russian Federation	45	20	25	15	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	10	30	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	710	380	335	465	250	215
Other places of birth in Europe	195	90	110	10	0	0
Africa	165	95	65	40	30	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	50	40	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	40	35	35	25	10
Asia	1,785	825	960	1,425	610	815
Afghanistan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	145	55	85	20	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	45	20	25	10	10	0
India	160	55	95	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	40	15	20	10	0	0
Iraq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Japan	30	0	30	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	165	75	85	25	10	15
Lebanon	20	20	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	375	145	230	1,345	575	765
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	65	45	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	120	55	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	485	250	235	20	10	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	95	40	55	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	520	255	265	1,365	585	785
Americas	50	20	30	20	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	20	20	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	70	40	25	35	15	15
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	10	0	0	0
Africa	25	15	10	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	375	175	205	1,305	560	745
Afghanistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	10	20	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	45	25	25	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	85	30	55	1,280	555	725
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	10	10	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	65	45	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	10	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	25,315	12,205	13,110	20,060	10,190	9,865
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,785	2,290	2,500	2,785	1,400	1,390
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,550	2,675	2,880	2,185	1,030	1,160
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,980	7,245	7,735	15,085	7,765	7,320
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,855	1,330	1,525	2,065	970	1,095
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,200	565	640	1,880	905	975
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	500	295	200	660	555	105
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	700	265	430	1,220	350	870
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	810	310	495	170	55	115
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	820	450	370	10	15	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	0	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	25,315	12,205	13,110	20,060	10,190	9,870
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,520	690	830	2,345	1,125	1,220
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,480	680	805	2,325	1,110	1,215
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	605	315	295	1,470	705	760
Métis	850	350	505	855	405	455
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	15	20	20	15	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	23,795	11,515	12,280	17,710	9,065	8,645
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	25,315	12,210	13,110	20,055	10,190	9,865
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	240	145	95	1,485	710	775
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	25,075	12,060	13,015	18,570	9,475	9,090
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	25,315	12,210	13,110	20,055	10,190	9,870
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	180	85	100	1,355	660	690
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	180	85	100	1,295	650	650
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	80	30	50	1,145	565	580
Métis single ancestry	95	50	50	155	85	65
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	55	15	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	60	15	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,595	700	900	1,015	500	515
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,540	685	860	965	485	480
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	840	390	450	395	220	180
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	675	280	395	570	265	300
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	55	10	45	50	15	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	10	40	55	20	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	23,535	11,420	12,110	17,685	9,030	8,660
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	25,315	12,210	13,110	20,055	10,190	9,865
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,500	1,700	1,795	2,070	1,055	1,020
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	580	265	315	30	20	10
Chinese	450	200	245	65	35	30
Black	205	140	65	85	45	40
Filipino	505	235	270	1,765	900	865
Latin American	270	90	180	20	10	10
Arab	135	75	65	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	650	325	325	45	20	25
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	95	50	40	0	0	0
Korean	215	100	115	35	20	15
Japanese	165	75	90	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	70	45	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	155	100	50	35	15	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	21,820	10,510	11,310	17,985	9,135	8,850
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	25,315	12,205	13,110	20,055	10,190	9,865
North American Aboriginal origins	1,785	785	1,000	2,370	1,165	1,205
First Nations (North American Indian)	985	445	540	1,650	815	835
Inuit	30	15	15	0	0	0
Métis	835	345	485	825	380	445
Other North American origins	6,175	3,020	3,160	4,750	2,390	2,360
Acadian	35	10	20	15	10	0
American	460	210	255	130	55	80
Canadian	5,795	2,875	2,920	4,665	2,370	2,295
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	0	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	20,025	9,585	10,440	14,635	7,400	7,235
British Isles origins	13,745	6,615	7,130	9,850	4,915	4,930
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	8,650	4,150	4,500	6,605	3,215	3,390
Irish	4,890	2,345	2,545	3,455	1,620	1,835
Manx	15	10	0	10	0	10
Scottish	6,150	2,900	3,250	4,980	2,395	2,585
Welsh	795	350	445	460	240	225
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	725	345	380	225	125	105
French origins	3,015	1,275	1,740	1,685	900	790
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,015	1,275	1,735	1,685	895	790
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,140	2,795	3,345	3,185	1,545	1,635
Austrian	275	120	155	150	55	90
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	75	35	35	195	90	100
Dutch	1,765	820	940	685	330	355
Flemish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	4,415	2,020	2,395	2,385	1,200	1,190
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	170	60	110	60	30	25
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,485	1,105	1,380	1,355	665	695
Danish	555	275	275	175	80	95
Finnish	180	90	90	60	30	30
Icelandic	335	145	190	275	110	160
Norwegian	950	385	565	395	200	200
Swedish	680	280	405	625	335	290
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	95	45	50	20	15	10
Eastern European origins	4,135	1,785	2,350	4,745	2,515	2,225
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Czech	205	85	125	85	40	45
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	70	35	35	10	10	0
Estonian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	550	235	310	165	45	115
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	10	60	35	25	10
Moldovan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Polish	905	350	555	1,620	810	815
Romanian	190	75	115	75	25	45
Russian	935	425	505	360	175	180
Slovak	55	15	40	55	30	25
Ukrainian	1,730	790	945	3,435	1,880	1,555
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	20	10	10	0	10
Southern European origins	1,865	910	955	260	140	115
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	90	65	25	25	0	20
Cypriot	0	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	125	55	65	55	25	30
Italian	995	515	480	95	50	45
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	160	55	100	25	20	10
Serbian	85	60	25	10	10	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	350	130	225	70	30	45
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	50	10	40	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	320	165	155	40	20	20
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	130	70	60	0	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	165	80	85	35	15	15
Caribbean origins	155	80	75	25	10	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Jamaican	50	20	30	10	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	465	195	275	75	30	40
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	70	40	25	0	0	0
Chilean	35	15	20	0	0	0
Colombian	60	20	35	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	135	40	100	30	10	25
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	55	25	35	10	0	10
Salvadorean	35	20	15	10	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	20	10	0	0	0
African origins	270	160	100	60	35	25
Central and West African origins	10	15	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	25	10	10	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	90	65	30	40	20	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	10	10	0	20	10	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	20	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	60	40	20	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	10	0	0	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	140	75	65	20	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	130	65	60	15	10	10
Asian origins	3,185	1,530	1,655	2,025	1,030	1,000
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	370	225	145	45	30	20
Afghan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	80	40	40	0	10	0
Iraqi	55	35	20	0	0	0
Israeli	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	35	35	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	35	10	25	15	10
Palestinian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	15	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	590	270	320	50	20	30
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	475	230	240	40	20	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	0	30	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	10	25	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	0	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,255	1,045	1,210	1,905	950	950
Burmese	85	45	40	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	625	280	345	120	55	65
Filipino	510	230	280	1,785	890	900
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Japanese	245	115	130	25	20	10
Karen	340	180	165	0	0	0
Korean	265	135	135	35	15	15
Laotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	195	105	95	10	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	15	0	35	35	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	20	10	35	35	0
Oceania origins	255	130	125	25	10	10
Australian	140	70	70	15	10	0
New Zealander	25	20	10	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	85	40	45	0	0	0
Fijian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
Owner	7,335	...	...	6,740	...	...
Renter	4,500	...	...	1,435	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
Condominium	5,060	...	...	270	...	...
Not condominium	6,775	...	...	8,295	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
No bedrooms	170	...	...	30	...	...
1 bedroom	2,625	...	...	655	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,725	...	...	2,185	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,615	...	...	3,310	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,705	...	...	2,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,310	...	...	1,510	...	...
5 rooms	2,060	...	...	1,550	...	...
6 rooms	1,435	...	...	1,555	...	...
7 rooms	1,025	...	...	1,350	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,015	...	...	2,600	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,630	...	...	8,380	...	...
More than 1 person per room	215	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
Suitable	11,165	...	...	8,185	...	...
Not suitable	675	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	11,840	...	...	8,560	...	...
1960 or before	515	...	...	2,870	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,560	...	...	2,700	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,965	...	...	1,080	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,695	...	...	790	...	...
2001 to 2005	595	...	...	285	...	...
2006 to 2010	865	...	...	340	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	650	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	11,840	...	...	8,560	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	11,150	...	...	7,700	...	...
Major repairs needed	695	...	...	860	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
1 household maintainer	7,530	...	...	5,605	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,040	...	...	2,870	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	270	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	11,840	...	...	8,565	...	...
15 to 24 years	295	...	...	265	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,910	...	...	1,125	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,965	...	...	1,150	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,275	...	...	1,420	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,145	...	...	1,810	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,870	...	...	1,530	...	...
75 to 84 years	890	...	...	850	...	...
85 years and over	495	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	11,840	...	...	7,160	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,155	...	...	6,310	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,685	...	...	850	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,350	...	...	755	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,340	...	...	5,785	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	70.1	...	...	46.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	21.5	...	...	9.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,209	...	...	566	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,294	...	...	757	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	341,626	...	...	174,469	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	440,443	...	...	201,705	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,505	...	...	1,390	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	22.0	...	...	21.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.8	...	...	20.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	930	...	...	582	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	960	...	...	620	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	21,415	10,195	11,220	16,470	8,340	8,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,290	2,235	2,050	3,955	2,175	1,775
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,275	3,400	3,875	4,955	2,660	2,290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,850	4,560	5,290	7,565	3,505	4,060
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,270	1,705	565	1,735	1,230	505
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	885	465	415	880	520	365
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,385	1,235	150	850	715	140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,260	1,515	2,745	3,170	1,160	2,010
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580	210	375	780	355	420
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,740	1,135	1,610	1,880	755	1,125
Bachelor's degree	1,870	785	1,090	1,465	580	885
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	275	95	180	180	70	110
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	25	30	20	15	10
Master's degree	465	180	285	205	80	120
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	45	25	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	14,225	6,920	7,310	10,330	5,290	5,040
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,915	1,140	770	1,610	970	640
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,585	2,250	2,335	3,310	1,865	1,440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,730	3,525	4,200	5,405	2,455	2,955
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,650	1,245	405	1,145	825	320
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	645	340	310	590	345	250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,000	905	95	550	485	65
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,375	1,200	2,180	2,345	860	1,485
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	440	165	270	465	240	225
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,260	920	1,345	1,455	525	925
Bachelor's degree	1,575	655	920	1,170	430	740
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	85	155	105	40	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15	15	10	10
Master's degree	370	140	230	155	45	110
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	21,415	10,195	11,220	16,470	8,340	8,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	11,565	5,635	5,930	8,905	4,840	4,065
Education	720	155	560	950	260	695
13. Education	715	155	560	950	255	690
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	360	155	200	125	50	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	50	10	25	10	15
50. Visual and performing arts	295	115	185	100	40	60
Humanities	580	220	365	210	115	95
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	10	55	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	130	50	80	20	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	150	55	95	50	10	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	30	25	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	125	65	65	70	50	20
54. History	75	25	45	30	20	10
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	920	250	670	420	105	315
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	35	60	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	25	205	200	15	185
22. Legal professions and studies	140	15	130	65	20	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	30	10	10	0
42. Psychology	145	30	120	45	25	25
45. Social sciences	275	145	125	90	40	50
Business, management and public administration	1,870	650	1,225	1,080	270	815
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	20	95	85	25	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,755	630	1,125	995	245	750
Physical and life sciences and technologies	200	120	75	140	55	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	50	55	45	15	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	35	10	25	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	50	40	15	25	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	10	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	335	195	135	140	100	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	270	180	85	120	90	30
25. Library science	45	10	40	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,290	2,165	125	1,680	1,570	115
04. Architecture and related services	50	40	15	25	10	15
14. Engineering	215	185	30	110	90	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	315	275	45	180	170	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	765	740	25	535	505	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	615	605	10	625	605	25
48. Precision production	330	320	10	210	195	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	95	50	705	515	185
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	130	80	50	640	475	165
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	20	0	65	45	20
Health and related fields	1,660	225	1,430	1,545	145	1,395
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	50	100	75	40	40
51. Health professions and related programs	1,505	175	1,330	1,465	105	1,360
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	780	325	455	560	310	245
12. Personal and culinary services	515	125	395	335	105	230
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	100	60	40	70	65	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	155	135	20	145	140	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	14,225	6,920	7,305	10,330	5,290	5,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,495	3,390	3,105	4,920	2,835	2,080
Education	560	125	435	575	160	415
13. Education	560	120	435	575	160	415
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	300	135	165	85	30	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	40	15	20	0	15
50. Visual and performing arts	250	95	150	65	25	45
Humanities	485	175	310	140	75	70
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	10	45	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	95	20	70	15	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	155	60	95	40	10	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	25	20	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	50	55	40	30	10
54. History	50	20	30	25	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	810	225	580	335	85	250
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	35	55	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	210	20	195	155	15	140
22. Legal professions and studies	115	10	105	45	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	20	10	0	0
42. Psychology	120	25	95	30	15	20
45. Social sciences	240	130	110	85	35	50
Business, management and public administration	1,425	495	930	820	200	615
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	20	80	60	25	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,325	480	840	755	175	575
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	100	65	80	20	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	40	45	25	0	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	30	10	10	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	10	15	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	280	155	120	120	80	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	150	75	115	75	35
25. Library science	40	0	30	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,735	1,625	110	1,210	1,115	95
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	15	25	0	15
14. Engineering	160	135	25	100	80	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	225	180	40	125	120	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	575	560	10	400	385	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	490	480	10	420	400	25
48. Precision production	245	240	10	135	130	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	75	50	515	340	175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	110	60	50	445	300	150
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	65	45	25
Health and related fields	1,270	175	1,090	1,095	105	985
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	145	45	100	55	35	20
51. Health professions and related programs	1,125	135	995	1,035	70	965
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	580	240	340	430	240	190
12. Personal and culinary services	360	75	290	260	85	175
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	85	50	40	55	45	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	115	15	115	110	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	21,415	10,195	11,220	16,465	8,340	8,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,565	5,635	5,925	8,910	4,835	4,070
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,850	4,560	5,290	7,565	3,505	4,060
Location of study inside Canada	8,520	3,925	4,595	6,490	2,915	3,580
Same as province or territory of residence	7,135	3,190	3,945	5,465	2,375	3,085
Different than province or territory of residence	1,385	730	655	1,025	535	490
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,335	640	695	1,075	590	485
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	235	110	120	125	70	50
Philippines	180	85	100	640	345	300
India	75	35	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	195	95	105	145	95	50
China^{Census data footnote 162}	45	20	20	10	0	10
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	585	285	300	155	75	70
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	14,225	6,915	7,310	10,330	5,295	5,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,495	3,395	3,105	4,920	2,840	2,080
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,730	3,525	4,200	5,405	2,450	2,955
Location of study inside Canada	6,805	3,100	3,700	4,480	1,935	2,540
Same as province or territory of residence	5,880	2,620	3,260	3,765	1,575	2,190
Different than province or territory of residence	925	480	440	715	360	350
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	925	425	500	930	515	415
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	150	65	80	90	50	35
Philippines	145	70	80	595	330	270
India	65	30	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	85	30	55	105	65	40
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	20	20	10	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	420	200	220	120	60	65
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	21,415	10,195	11,220	16,470	8,345	8,125
In the labour force	14,055	7,315	6,740	10,805	5,995	4,810
Employed	13,220	6,870	6,350	10,220	5,630	4,590
Unemployed	830	440	385	590	365	220
Not in the labour force	7,365	2,885	4,480	5,665	2,345	3,320
Participation rate	65.6	71.8	60.1	65.6	71.8	59.2
Employment rate	61.7	67.4	56.6	62.1	67.5	56.5
Unemployment rate	5.9	6.0	5.7	5.5	6.1	4.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	21,415	10,200	11,220	16,470	8,340	8,130
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,010	2,740	4,270	4,890	1,960	2,930
Worked	14,405	7,455	6,950	11,580	6,380	5,200
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	7,935	4,740	3,200	5,805	3,635	2,165
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,470	2,715	3,750	5,780	2,740	3,035
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.1	45.5	42.7	42.5	43.3	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	14,055	7,315	6,740	10,805	5,995	4,805
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	150	125	125	55	65
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	13,780	7,165	6,615	10,680	5,935	4,740
Employee	12,475	6,415	6,065	8,760	4,605	4,150
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,305	750	555	1,920	1,330	590
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	14,055	7,310	6,740	10,800	5,995	4,805
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	150	125	125	55	65
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	13,780	7,165	6,615	10,680	5,940	4,740
0 Management occupations	1,325	825	500	1,715	1,245	475
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,210	585	1,625	1,040	200	840
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	590	455	130	310	255	55
3 Health occupations	635	110	525	830	60	765
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,420	380	1,040	1,140	280	860
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	390	150	240	185	65	125
6 Sales and service occupations	3,560	1,435	2,120	1,825	600	1,220
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,775	2,600	175	1,890	1,815	70
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	330	200	135	855	695	160
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	540	430	110	900	720	185
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	14,050	7,310	6,740	10,800	5,995	4,810
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	145	125	130	55	65
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	13,775	7,165	6,615	10,680	5,935	4,740
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	185	80	110	1,850	1,440	410
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	0	170	155	15
22 Utilities	40	25	20	110	105	0
23 Construction	1,560	1,330	230	775	725	45
31-33 Manufacturing	1,335	1,030	300	1,140	890	250
41 Wholesale trade	735	480	250	325	260	65
44-45 Retail trade	1,930	830	1,100	990	430	555
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	840	620	220	475	390	85
51 Information and cultural industries	250	145	105	85	40	50
52 Finance and insurance	465	170	295	235	65	170
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	235	135	100	80	25	60
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	695	340	350	255	125	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	20	15	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	755	405	350	210	110	100
61 Educational services	965	265	705	790	265	530
62 Health care and social assistance	1,300	205	1,095	1,595	150	1,440
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	295	120	175	270	160	105
72 Accommodation and food services	940	325	615	465	120	350
81 Other services (except public administration)	670	345	330	360	225	135
91 Public administration	520	275	245	490	260	230
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	13,225	6,870	6,350	10,215	5,630	4,590
Worked at home	750	330	415	1,665	1,100	565
Worked outside Canada	25	15	10	15	10	0
No fixed workplace address	2,080	1,585	495	1,125	910	215
Worked at usual place	10,365	4,940	5,425	7,410	3,610	3,805
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	10,360	4,940	5,425	7,410	3,605	3,805
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,790	735	1,050	4,210	1,985	2,230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,960	3,850	4,115	1,490	690	805
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	595	345	250	1,505	790	720
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	200	145	55
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	12,445	6,525	5,920	8,535	4,515	4,020
Car, truck, van - as a driver	10,010	5,350	4,665	7,035	3,835	3,205
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	665	325	345	665	365	300
Public transit	895	415	480	35	20	15
Walked	665	290	370	680	240	445
Bicycle	65	50	15	40	25	15
Other method	145	95	45	80	35	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	12,445	6,525	5,925	8,535	4,515	4,015
Less than 15 minutes	3,225	1,340	1,885	4,335	2,245	2,095
15 to 29 minutes	3,580	1,645	1,935	2,080	1,025	1,055
30 to 44 minutes	2,720	1,580	1,140	1,170	655	515
45 to 59 minutes	1,435	965	475	485	265	220
60 minutes and over	1,485	995	485	465	330	130
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	12,445	6,525	5,920	8,535	4,515	4,015
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,440	1,070	370	660	505	160
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,640	1,750	890	1,335	780	555
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,100	1,455	1,645	2,465	1,510	955
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,935	710	1,230	2,045	760	1,285
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,320	530	785	645	225	415
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,010	1,015	1,000	1,390	745	645
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	14,885	7,630	7,255	11,970	6,545	5,430
Single responses	14,770	7,585	7,185	11,795	6,455	5,340
Official languages	14,670	7,535	7,135	11,760	6,440	5,320
English	14,630	7,535	7,090	11,700	6,430	5,275
French	40	0	40	60	10	45
Non-official languages	105	50	50	35	15	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	105	50	55	35	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	20	10	0	10
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	45	70	175	90	85
English and French	15	0	10	10	0	0
English and non-official language	95	40	50	165	85	80
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	14,885	7,630	7,255	11,970	6,540	5,430
None	14,415	7,425	6,990	11,365	6,190	5,180
English	70	20	55	50	15	35
French	105	45	60	100	40	60
Non-official language	290	140	150	450	300	155
Aboriginal	0	0	0	40	20	25
Non-Aboriginal	285	140	150	410	275	130
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	25,020	12,065	12,955	19,820	10,040	9,780
Non-movers	20,935	10,040	10,900	17,550	8,895	8,655
Movers	4,080	2,025	2,055	2,275	1,145	1,130
Non-migrants	1,650	835	820	1,055	585	470
Migrants	2,435	1,195	1,240	1,215	560	655
Internal migrants	2,230	1,075	1,155	880	405	475
Intraprovincial migrants	1,925	925	995	665	285	380
Interprovincial migrants	305	145	160	215	120	95
External migrants	200	120	85	340	155	180
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	23,930	11,450	12,480	18,880	9,580	9,300
Non-movers	12,865	6,145	6,720	12,625	6,430	6,195
Movers	11,065	5,305	5,755	6,255	3,155	3,105
Non-migrants	5,155	2,465	2,690	2,250	1,225	1,025
Migrants	5,910	2,840	3,065	4,005	1,930	2,080
Internal migrants	5,355	2,590	2,765	2,650	1,265	1,390
Intraprovincial migrants	4,830	2,355	2,475	2,145	1,000	1,145
Interprovincial migrants	530	235	295	505	265	245
External migrants	550	250	300	1,355	665	690

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Langley, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Division No. 15, CDR [Census division], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Division No. 15, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Division No. 15, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Langley, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Division No. 15, Census division [Census division], Manitoba