Census Profile, 2016 Census
White Rock, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Juan de Fuca (Part 2), Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	White Rock, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Juan de Fuca (Part 2), RDA British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , White Rock, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : White Rock, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Juan de Fuca (Part 2), Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	19,952	...	...	190	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	19,339	...	...	229^rE	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.2	...	...	-17.0^E	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	10,856	...	...	152	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	10,005	...	...	89	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,893.1	...	...	0.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5.12	...	...	1,268.88	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	19,955	8,970	10,980	190	105	90
0 to 14 years	1,760	905	855	20	10	10
0 to 4 years	535	275	260	10	5	0
5 to 9 years	565	295	270	10	0	5
10 to 14 years	655	335	320	5	5	5
15 to 64 years	11,410	5,295	6,115	135	70	60
15 to 19 years	820	425	395	5	0	0
20 to 24 years	750	365	385	0	5	5
25 to 29 years	710	365	350	10	0	5
30 to 34 years	755	370	380	15	5	10
35 to 39 years	790	350	440	15	5	5
40 to 44 years	1,045	485	565	15	5	5
45 to 49 years	1,160	545	610	5	0	0
50 to 54 years	1,615	710	900	25	5	10
55 to 59 years	1,855	825	1,030	30	15	15
60 to 64 years	1,920	855	1,060	15	10	5
65 years and over	6,780	2,770	4,015	30	20	15
65 to 69 years	2,030	890	1,140	10	5	5
70 to 74 years	1,540	675	865	5	10	0
75 to 79 years	1,180	540	640	5	0	0
80 to 84 years	825	315	515	5	5	5
85 years and over	1,205	350	855	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	670	235	435	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	365	90	270	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	150	30	125	0	0	0
100 years and over	20	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8.8	10.1	7.8	10.5	9.5	11.1
15 to 64 years	57.2	59.0	55.7	71.1	66.7	66.7
65 years and over	34.0	30.9	36.6	15.8	19.0	16.7
85 years and over	6.0	3.9	7.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	52.4	50.3	54.2	46.6	47.5	45.4
Median age of the population	56.6	54.8	57.9	52.0	54.5	50.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	10,005	...	...	90	...	...
Single-detached house	2,535	...	...	85	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,270	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	6,200	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	85	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	165	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,720	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,210	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	10,005	...	...	90	...	...
1 person	4,485	...	...	30	...	...
2 persons	3,530	...	...	45	...	...
3 persons	960	...	...	10	...	...
4 persons	690	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	345	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,120	...	...	180	...	...
Average household size	1.9	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	18,195	8,065	10,130	170	90	75
Married or living common law	9,465	4,710	4,760	115	60	55
Married	8,180	4,065	4,115	80	40	40
Living common law	1,290	645	645	35	20	15
Not married and not living common law	8,725	3,355	5,365	50	35	20
Never married	3,835	1,965	1,870	35	25	10
Separated	620	255	365	0	0	0
Divorced	2,380	765	1,615	15	5	10
Widowed	1,885	365	1,520	10	5	0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,350	...	...	60	...	...
2 persons	3,605	...	...	40	...	...
3 persons	875	...	...	10	...	...
4 persons	665	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	205	...	...	0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,345	...	...	60	...	...
Total couple families	4,555	...	...	55	...	...
Married couples	3,915	...	...	35	...	...
Common-law couples	645	...	...	20	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	790	...	...	0	...	...
Female parent	635	...	...	0	...	...
Male parent	155	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,560	...	...	55	...	...
Couples without children	3,020	...	...	40	...	...
Couples with children	1,535	...	...	20	...	...
1 child	705	...	...	10	...	...
2 children	630	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	200	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	790	...	...	0	...	...
1 child	585	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	170	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	40	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,530	2,085	3,450	35	25	15
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	10,005	...	...	85	...	...
One-census-family households	5,060	...	...	55	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,870	...	...	35	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,185	...	...	20	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	140	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,800	...	...	35	...	...
One-person households	4,480	...	...	30	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	320	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	19,510	8,840	10,665	190	105	85
English only	17,600	8,035	9,565	175	100	75
French only	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	1,645	700	950	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	260	105	155	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	19,510	8,840	10,665	190	105	85
English	18,935	8,620	10,315	185	105	85
French	245	90	160	5	5	0
English and French	70	35	40	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	255	100	155	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	285	100	180	5	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.1	1.7	2.6	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	19,510	8,840	10,670	190	105	85
Single responses	19,220	8,725	10,500	190	105	85
Official languages	15,550	7,170	8,385	175	95	80
English	15,290	7,075	8,215	170	95	75
French	260	95	170	5	0	0
Non-official languages	3,665	1,550	2,115	10	5	5
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,660	1,550	2,110	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	180	45	135	5	0	0
Bikol	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	35	105	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,135	935	1,190	5	5	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	490	200	295	5	5	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	485	195	290	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Czech	35	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	35	50	0	0	0
Russian	140	50	85	0	0	0
Serbian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	25	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	735	305	430	0	0	0
Afrikaans	25	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	55	20	30	0	0	0
Dutch	105	45	60	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	505	210	295	5	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swedish	25	5	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	30	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	540	265	270	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	500	245	255	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	50	20	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	385	190	190	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	15	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	295	130	160	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	20	0	0	0
Romanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Spanish	125	50	75	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	15	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	125	45	80	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	910	405	510	0	0	0
Chinese languages	905	400	505	0	0	0
Cantonese	100	50	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	735	320	415	0	0	0
Min Dong	10	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	125	50	80	5	0	0
Estonian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Finnish	45	15	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	60	20	40	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	295	120	170	0	0	0
English and French	30	10	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	240	100	140	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	19,510	8,845	10,665	190	105	90
Single responses	18,950	8,600	10,355	190	105	85
Official languages	17,390	7,900	9,495	180	100	85
English	17,335	7,880	9,455	180	95	80
French	55	20	40	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,560	695	860	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,560	700	860	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	15	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	610	275	335	0	5	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	70	90	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	65	90	5	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	5	0	0
Russian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Serbian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	35	40	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	20	30	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	275	130	150	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	250	120	140	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	210	95	115	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	30	45	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	50	20	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	30	55	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	690	320	370	0	0	0
Chinese languages	690	320	370	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	620	285	335	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	20	0	5	5
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	560	245	315	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	530	230	295	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	19,510	8,840	10,670	190	105	90
None	17,425	7,955	9,470	175	95	80
English	690	305	385	5	5	0
French	200	85	115	5	5	0
Non-official language	1,145	480	660	5	0	0
Aboriginal	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,140	480	660	5	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	5	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,360	7,840	9,520	155	85	70
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,910	7,610	9,300	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,875	45,472	32,525	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,935	7,630	9,300	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,510	39,391	29,511	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,605	7,060	8,545	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,502	42,089	27,398	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,185	5,020	7,165	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,608	10,565	9,148	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,370	5,415	5,960	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,232	38,528	26,624	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	17,360	7,840	9,520	125	65	60
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,920	7,615	9,300	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,214	63,783	44,556	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,935	7,625	9,305	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,100	51,555	37,990	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,550	7,020	8,535	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,621	62,456	40,888	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,165	5,060	7,105	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,320	9,442	9,234	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,370	5,365	6,010	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,163	55,605	37,731	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	17,360	7,840	9,520	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,335	2,350	1,985	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	58,715	66,346	52,272	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	71,552	80,361	61,100	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.7	90.8	83.9	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.0	63.0	54.2	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.3	9.3	16.1	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	17,360	7,840	9,520	x	x	x
Without total income	450	225	225	x	x	x
With total income	16,915	7,615	9,300	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	97.4	97.1	97.7	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,970	805	1,165	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	2,665	985	1,685	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	2,285	795	1,490	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	1,945	795	1,150	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	1,705	720	990	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,355	630	730	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	1,130	555	570	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	850	430	425	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	680	365	315	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	505	300	205	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,815	1,240	575	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	1,110	715	395	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	705	520	180	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,360	7,840	9,520	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	430	210	220	x	x	x
With after-tax income	16,935	7,635	9,305	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	97.6	97.4	97.7	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,115	870	1,245	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	2,810	1,060	1,745	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	2,705	970	1,735	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	2,295	960	1,335	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	1,905	830	1,075	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,390	690	700	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	1,045	540	500	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	785	445	345	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	1,885	1,255	625	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	505	305	205	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	330	205	125	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,045	745	305	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	17,360	7,840	9,520	x	x	x
Without employment income	5,990	2,430	3,560	x	x	x
With employment income	11,370	5,415	5,955	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	65.5	69.1	62.6	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,330	1,010	1,320	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	805	350	455	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	1,370	560	805	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	1,030	430	600	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	980	405	575	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	905	365	540	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	745	340	405	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	635	320	310	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	550	285	265	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	2,015	1,340	680	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	460	235	225	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	340	205	135	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,220	900	315	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	10,005	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,344	...	...	61,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,962	...	...	53,696	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,485	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,632	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,426	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,520	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,154	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,535	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	10,005	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	89,992	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,637	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,485	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,282	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,620	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,520	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	123,088	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,293	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	10,005	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	220	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	135	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	310	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	500	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	580	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	440	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	490	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	490	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	445	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	420	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	805	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	710	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	610	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	515	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	480	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,850	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	800	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	565	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	690	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	795	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,005	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	245	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	135	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	315	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	520	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	655	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	560	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	600	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	575	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	540	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	485	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	875	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	740	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	640	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	515	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	410	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,180	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	735	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	515	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	930	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,290	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,495	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,768	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,860	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,176	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,952	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,550	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	132,736	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,936	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	755	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,616	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,560	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,320	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	122,642	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,807	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,865	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	121,812	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,101	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,555	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	154,706	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	125,307	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	750	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,621	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,729	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,225	1,965	3,260	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,251	39,587	34,547	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,397	34,765	31,089	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,205	2,010	3,190	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	47,714	53,327	44,181	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,481	42,550	37,548	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	19,120	8,745	10,375	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	8,705	3,710	5,000	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	1,915	870	1,050	x	x	x
In the second decile	2,010	745	1,260	x	x	x
In the third decile	1,545	640	900	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	1,545	685	860	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	1,690	770	925	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	10,415	5,040	5,375	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	1,560	705	855	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	1,880	875	1,005	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	1,855	880	970	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	2,095	1,040	1,050	x	x	x
In the top decile	3,020	1,530	1,490	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	19,120	8,745	10,375	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	2,235	1,145	1,090	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	655	325	330	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	10,890	5,030	5,860	x	x	x
65 years and over	5,995	2,570	3,425	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,935	1,200	1,735	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	405	200	200	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	110	50	60	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	1,685	735	945	x	x	x
65 years and over	845	260	585	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.4	13.7	16.7	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	18.1	17.5	18.3	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	16.8	15.4	18.2	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	15.5	14.6	16.1	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	14.1	10.1	17.1	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,615	740	875	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	255	140	120	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	60	35	30	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	1,145	525	620	x	x	x
65 years and over	215	80	140	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.4	8.5	8.4	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	11.4	12.2	11.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	9.2	10.8	9.1	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	10.4	10.6	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	3.6	3.1	4.1	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	19,120	8,730	10,390	125	70	55
Official languages	18,875	8,635	10,240	130	70	60
English	18,870	8,635	10,240	125	70	60
French	1,645	650	990	10	10	0
Non-official languages	4,600	1,955	2,645	15	10	10
Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,585	1,950	2,635	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	50	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	45	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	25	140	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	155	20	135	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	20	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,795	1,205	1,590	10	0	0
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	470	170	300	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	470	170	300	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Czech	30	10	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	105	25	80	0	0	0
Russian	135	60	75	0	10	0
Serbian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	40	15	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	15	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	865	345	515	0	0	0
Afrikaans	25	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	65	20	45	0	0	0
Dutch	145	65	85	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	615	250	365	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	40	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	760	390	370	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	715	375	345	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hindi	210	115	95	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	535	275	260	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	50	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	750	320	430	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	230	105	125	0	0	0
Portuguese	95	45	45	0	0	0
Romanian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Spanish	430	170	260	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	140	65	75	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	150	45	105	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	40	25	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,055	475	585	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,050	470	580	0	0	0
Cantonese	135	60	75	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	945	415	525	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	10	45	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	195	70	115	15	10	10
Estonian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Finnish	55	20	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	40	55	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	19,120	8,730	10,390	130	70	55
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	17,910	8,215	9,695	125	65	60
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,050	1,045	1,005	0	10	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,860	7,175	8,685	120	60	60
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,210	515	695	10	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	19,120	8,730	10,390	130	70	60
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	14,080	6,535	7,540	110	60	55
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,895	2,130	2,765	15	15	10
Before 1981	2,455	1,090	1,365	0	0	10
1981 to 1990	500	185	315	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	630	275	355	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	775	325	455	10	0	0
2001 to 2005	355	150	205	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	425	175	250	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	535	255	280	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	145	60	80	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,900	2,130	2,765	20	15	10
Under 5 years	495	250	250	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	860	355	505	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,105	485	620	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	2,070	870	1,205	10	10	0
45 years and over	365	170	195	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,895	2,130	2,765	20	15	10
Americas	525	210	320	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	10	25	0	0	0
Mexico	35	10	25	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	360	145	210	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	70	30	40	0	0	0
Europe	2,395	1,065	1,330	15	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	10	20	0	0	0
Croatia	45	15	30	0	0	0
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	265	90	170	0	0	0
Greece	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hungary	60	30	30	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Italy	70	40	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	90	40	50	0	0	0
Poland	60	10	45	0	0	0
Portugal	30	20	15	0	0	0
Romania	45	10	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	55	25	30	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,170	575	595	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	295	110	190	0	0	0
Africa	205	110	90	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	85	60	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	30	35	0	0	0
Asia	1,680	705	975	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	650	300	345	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	60	30	30	0	0	0
India	280	150	130	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Iraq	25	0	25	0	0	0
Japan	35	0	35	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	130	40	90	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	40	20	15	0	0	0
Philippines	165	30	135	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	130	40	90	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	40	45	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	90	35	50	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	535	255	275	0	0	0
Americas	35	20	20	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	60	30	30	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	420	200	220	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	235	120	110	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	15	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	25	10	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	0	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	20	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	19,120	8,730	10,390	125	70	60
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,190	2,270	2,915	20	10	10
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,910	2,295	2,615	20	15	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,025	4,170	4,860	90	40	45
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,540	1,070	1,470	15	15	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,565	720	835	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	665	420	250	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	900	305	590	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	795	255	540	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	175	90	80	0	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	19,120	8,730	10,390	130	70	55
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	565	210	350	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	540	205	340	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	205	65	130	0	0	0
Métis	325	135	195	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	18,555	8,520	10,035	130	70	55
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	19,120	8,730	10,390	125	70	60
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	125	55	70	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,995	8,675	10,320	125	70	60
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	19,120	8,730	10,390	125	70	55
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	85	30	55	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	75	25	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	55	30	30	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	555	240	320	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	550	235	315	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	290	110	185	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	255	120	135	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	18,480	8,465	10,015	130	70	55
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	19,120	8,730	10,390	130	65	60
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,135	1,430	1,705	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	965	495	465	0	0	0
Chinese	1,190	550	645	0	0	0
Black	130	70	60	0	0	0
Filipino	195	45	150	0	0	0
Latin American	100	40	60	0	0	0
Arab	80	40	40	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	35	10	30	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	15	20	0	0	0
Korean	155	50	105	0	0	0
Japanese	105	50	55	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	55	25	30	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	90	40	50	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	15,985	7,300	8,685	125	70	55
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	19,120	8,730	10,390	130	70	60
North American Aboriginal origins	645	265	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	365	140	225	0	0	0
Inuit	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	290	130	160	0	0	0
Other North American origins	3,880	1,770	2,105	20	0	10
Acadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
American	405	165	240	10	0	0
Canadian	3,595	1,655	1,935	15	10	10
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	14,885	6,775	8,110	125	70	55
British Isles origins	10,190	4,675	5,520	115	60	55
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,515	2,845	3,670	70	40	30
Irish	3,525	1,590	1,935	35	10	30
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,105	1,920	2,180	60	35	25
Welsh	565	270	305	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	625	300	320	15	15	0
French origins	1,570	680	890	10	10	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,570	680	890	10	10	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,805	1,655	2,145	30	20	0
Austrian	290	125	170	10	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Dutch	790	330	455	10	10	0
Flemish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	25	10	15	0	0	0
German	2,715	1,180	1,535	10	10	0
Luxembourger	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	195	90	105	10	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,905	895	1,010	10	0	10
Danish	330	150	185	0	0	0
Finnish	165	75	90	0	0	0
Icelandic	210	110	100	0	0	0
Norwegian	720	340	380	10	0	0
Swedish	580	275	310	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	95	60	35	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,485	1,040	1,445	35	20	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	70	20	45	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Estonian	80	15	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	270	115	160	10	0	10
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	590	255	340	0	0	0
Romanian	160	65	100	0	0	0
Russian	480	215	260	0	0	0
Slovak	75	15	60	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,005	425	585	20	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,535	820	715	0	0	0
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	140	85	55	0	0	0
Cypriot	25	15	0	0	0	0
Greek	205	90	120	0	0	0
Italian	690	410	285	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	40	30	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	150	70	80	0	0	0
Serbian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	30	15	0	0	0
Spanish	250	90	160	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	120	75	45	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	65	40	30	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	30	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	140	70	70	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	90	35	55	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	190	75	115	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	80	20	60	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	0	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	220	135	90	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	35	20	15	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	115	80	35	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	10	0	0	0	0
South African	80	55	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	55	25	35	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,970	1,320	1,650	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	215	100	110	0	0	0
Afghan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	60	25	30	0	0	0
Armenian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	995	510	480	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	860	445	415	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	25	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	50	25	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,785	715	1,075	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,130	530	605	0	0	0
Filipino	235	50	180	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	165	55	110	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	165	50	115	0	0	0
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	145	50	95	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	140	50	85	0	0	0
Australian	45	10	30	0	0	0
New Zealander	35	20	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	60	25	40	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	35	15	20	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	10,005	...	...	70	...	...
Owner	6,790	...	...	65	...	...
Renter	3,210	...	...	10	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	10,005	...	...	65	...	...
Condominium	4,255	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	5,745	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	10,005	...	...	65	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,500	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,245	...	...	15	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,565	...	...	25	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,640	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	10,005	...	...	65	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,415	...	...	25	...	...
5 rooms	1,715	...	...	15	...	...
6 rooms	1,075	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	860	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,945	...	...	20	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.4	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	10,005	...	...	65	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,925	...	...	70	...	...
More than 1 person per room	80	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	10,005	...	...	70	...	...
Suitable	9,725	...	...	65	...	...
Not suitable	275	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	10,005	...	...	65	...	...
1960 or before	1,030	...	...	20	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,480	...	...	10	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,970	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,505	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	555	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	690	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	775	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	10,005	...	...	70	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	9,490	...	...	70	...	...
Major repairs needed	510	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	10,005	...	...	65	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,895	...	...	40	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,950	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	155	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	10,005	...	...	70	...	...
15 to 24 years	75	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	640	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	990	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,690	...	...	10	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,420	...	...	25	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,315	...	...	20	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,290	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	585	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	9,975	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,860	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,120	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,605	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,790	...	...	65	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.8	...	...	53.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	22.8	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	946	...	...	662	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,361	...	...	954	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	600,196	...	...	340,106	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	861,236	...	...	321,784	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,210	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	49.5	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,010	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,224	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	17,360	7,840	9,520	125	70	60
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,835	895	940	10	10	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,160	2,320	2,840	50	15	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,365	4,630	5,740	65	45	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,505	1,025	480	15	15	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	640	345	295	10	0	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	870	685	185	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,630	1,235	2,390	25	10	10
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	700	290	405	10	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,530	2,075	2,460	25	15	10
Bachelor's degree	2,785	1,300	1,480	10	10	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	480	165	315	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	110	90	0	0	0
Master's degree	960	450	515	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	110	55	55	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,785	4,495	5,290	95	50	40
No certificate, diploma or degree	570	375	195	10	10	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,585	1,215	1,375	40	10	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,635	2,910	3,725	40	30	10
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	830	600	230	0	10	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	355	200	155	0	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	480	405	70	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,340	820	1,520	10	10	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	435	200	235	10	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,025	1,295	1,730	15	10	0
Bachelor's degree	1,910	835	1,075	0	10	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	300	90	205	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	135	65	65	0	0	0
Master's degree	630	275	355	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	25	25	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	17,360	7,840	9,520	125	65	55
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,995	3,215	3,785	60	20	35
Education	1,005	235	770	10	0	0
13. Education	1,005	235	770	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	505	200	310	0	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	80	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	390	115	275	0	0	0
Humanities	640	225	410	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	110	30	80	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	175	55	120	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	215	50	160	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	15	20	0	0	0
54. History	70	55	15	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,245	465	780	15	15	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	40	60	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	165	0	160	0	10	0
22. Legal professions and studies	250	100	150	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	10	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	260	65	195	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	435	240	200	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	2,160	930	1,230	10	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	25	70	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,065	905	1,160	10	10	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	295	165	130	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	40	50	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	50	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	100	70	25	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	265	145	120	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	120	75	0	0	0
25. Library science	35	0	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	25	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,710	1,535	170	10	10	0
04. Architecture and related services	70	45	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	415	340	70	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	280	240	40	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	415	400	15	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	305	285	10	10	10	0
48. Precision production	215	215	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	125	75	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	135	65	75	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	60	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	1,790	325	1,465	20	10	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	155	65	90	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,605	250	1,355	15	10	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	10	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	555	285	270	0	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	380	130	245	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	70	60	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	95	10	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,785	4,495	5,290	90	50	40
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,155	1,585	1,570	45	20	30
Education	515	80	440	0	0	10
13. Education	515	80	440	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	330	135	195	0	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	55	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	255	75	175	10	0	0
Humanities	395	130	260	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	80	15	60	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	95	30	65	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	25	100	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0	0	0
54. History	55	40	15	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	850	280	565	10	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	25	40	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	0	110	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	145	40	110	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	145	25	120	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	340	180	165	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	1,415	635	775	0	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	15	25	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,375	620	755	0	0	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	180	85	95	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	40	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	30	40	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	25	15	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	200	110	95	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	95	65	0	0	0
25. Library science	10	0	15	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,090	955	140	0	10	0
04. Architecture and related services	50	30	25	0	0	0
14. Engineering	295	235	65	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	175	140	40	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	290	275	10	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	155	155	10	10	10	0
48. Precision production	125	120	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	95	60	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	110	50	55	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	40	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	1,125	210	910	20	10	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	120	50	70	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	985	155	830	15	10	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	380	205	180	0	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	265	105	160	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	55	50	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	50	15	0	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	17,360	7,840	9,520	125	70	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,995	3,215	3,785	55	25	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	10,365	4,625	5,740	65	40	20
Location of study inside Canada	8,055	3,520	4,535	50	30	20
Same as province or territory of residence	5,765	2,465	3,290	35	25	15
Different than province or territory of residence	2,295	1,050	1,245	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,310	1,105	1,200	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	565	250	315	0	0	0
Philippines	90	20	70	0	0	0
India	100	55	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	410	230	180	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	365	190	180	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	765	355	410	10	0	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,785	4,495	5,290	90	50	40
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,155	1,590	1,570	50	20	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,630	2,910	3,720	45	30	15
Location of study inside Canada	5,260	2,280	2,980	30	20	0
Same as province or territory of residence	4,065	1,725	2,340	20	15	0
Different than province or territory of residence	1,190	555	640	0	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,375	630	745	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	285	120	165	0	10	0
Philippines	75	15	60	0	0	0
India	65	35	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	135	70	70	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	340	175	165	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	460	210	250	10	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	17,360	7,840	9,520	120	65	60
In the labour force	9,435	4,640	4,795	60	30	30
Employed	8,870	4,385	4,485	55	30	25
Unemployed	570	260	310	0	0	0
Not in the labour force	7,920	3,200	4,720	65	35	25
Participation rate	54.3	59.2	50.4	50.0	46.2	50.0
Employment rate	51.1	55.9	47.1	45.8	46.2	41.7
Unemployment rate	6.0	5.6	6.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	17,360	7,840	9,520	125	65	60
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,115	2,845	4,260	60	30	30
Worked	10,250	4,990	5,255	65	35	30
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,580	2,510	2,070	15	10	0
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,670	2,480	3,190	55	25	25
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	42.0	40.8	41.6	40.7	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	9,435	4,640	4,800	60	30	30
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	165	85	85	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	9,270	4,555	4,715	60	35	30
Employee	7,340	3,440	3,905	40	15	25
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,930	1,120	805	15	15	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	9,435	4,640	4,800	60	35	30
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	170	80	85	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	9,270	4,560	4,715	60	30	30
0 Management occupations	1,295	785	510	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,785	470	1,315	10	0	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	525	435	90	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	710	170	540	10	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,050	350	695	10	0	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	510	235	275	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	2,075	920	1,155	10	0	10
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,050	960	85	25	20	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	130	95	35	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	140	130	10	0	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	9,435	4,640	4,800	60	30	30
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	165	80	85	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	9,270	4,555	4,715	60	30	30
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	60	50	15	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	15	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	55	35	20	0	0	0
23 Construction	695	585	110	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	450	350	100	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	430	270	160	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	960	455	500	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	520	360	160	10	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	295	195	100	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	415	180	235	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	425	240	190	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	900	425	480	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	20	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	350	180	170	0	0	0
61 Educational services	775	215	560	10	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	1,055	215	840	10	0	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	295	165	130	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	600	245	360	10	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	445	145	305	0	0	0
91 Public administration	485	225	250	0	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	8,870	4,380	4,485	60	30	30
Worked at home	1,145	595	545	10	10	0
Worked outside Canada	50	45	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,110	780	330	15	10	0
Worked at usual place	6,565	2,960	3,605	40	15	30
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,565	2,965	3,605	40	10	30
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,030	395	640	30	15	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,330	2,480	2,850	10	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	165	75	90	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	35	15	25	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	7,675	3,740	3,935	50	20	25
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,970	3,075	2,895	45	15	25
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	335	135	200	0	0	0
Public transit	555	210	345	0	0	0
Walked	690	270	425	0	0	0
Bicycle	55	35	20	0	0	0
Other method	70	15	55	0	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	7,675	3,740	3,935	50	25	25
Less than 15 minutes	2,105	720	1,380	30	10	20
15 to 29 minutes	1,775	875	905	10	10	0
30 to 44 minutes	1,920	1,095	825	10	0	0
45 to 59 minutes	935	580	355	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	940	475	470	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	7,675	3,740	3,935	50	25	25
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	500	350	150	0	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,440	825	615	15	10	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,840	880	965	0	10	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,485	535	950	15	0	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,375	610	770	0	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,030	540	495	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	10,610	5,150	5,455	65	35	30
Single responses	10,505	5,125	5,385	65	35	30
Official languages	10,305	5,025	5,275	65	35	30
English	10,275	5,025	5,250	65	35	30
French	30	0	30	0	0	0
Non-official languages	205	100	105	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	200	100	100	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	30	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	105	60	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	100	60	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	25	75	0	0	0
English and French	20	0	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	85	25	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	10,605	5,150	5,460	65	35	30
None	10,095	4,910	5,185	65	35	30
English	150	60	85	0	0	0
French	105	40	65	0	0	0
Non-official language	255	130	115	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	245	130	110	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	19,005	8,680	10,320	125	70	60
Non-movers	15,975	7,255	8,720	125	70	55
Movers	3,025	1,425	1,595	10	0	10
Non-migrants	1,145	555	595	0	0	0
Migrants	1,880	875	1,005	0	0	0
Internal migrants	1,635	760	880	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,390	625	765	10	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	245	135	110	0	0	0
External migrants	245	115	130	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	18,590	8,465	10,125	130	70	55
Non-movers	9,700	4,380	5,320	95	50	45
Movers	8,885	4,085	4,805	35	20	15
Non-migrants	3,425	1,530	1,895	10	10	0
Migrants	5,465	2,550	2,910	25	15	10
Internal migrants	4,670	2,200	2,470	20	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	3,835	1,800	2,035	10	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	835	395	440	10	0	10
External migrants	795	355	440	0	0	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. White Rock, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Juan de Fuca (Part 2), RDA [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 20, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
White Rock, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Juan de Fuca (Part 2), Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census White Rock, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Juan de Fuca (Part 2), Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
White Rock, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Juan de Fuca (Part 2), Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia