Census Profile, 2016 Census
Greater Vancouver A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Grande Cache [Population centre], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Greater Vancouver A, RDA British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Grande Cache Alberta [Population centre]
	Data quality , Greater Vancouver A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Greater Vancouver A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Grande Cache [Population centre], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	16,133	...	...	3,286	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	12,988 ^r	...	...	3,839^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	24.2	...	...	-14.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,542	...	...	1,583	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,103	...	...	1,169	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	19.8	...	...	878.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	816.28	...	...	3.74	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	16,135	7,720	8,410	3,285	1,835	1,450
0 to 14 years	2,370	1,205	1,165	590	305	280
0 to 4 years	795	415	375	160	80	80
5 to 9 years	800	405	395	220	110	110
10 to 14 years	780	385	395	205	115	95
15 to 64 years	12,200	5,805	6,400	2,360	1,360	1,000
15 to 19 years	1,935	965	970	215	125	90
20 to 24 years	2,750	1,370	1,385	205	125	80
25 to 29 years	1,305	645	665	290	185	110
30 to 34 years	1,000	515	485	285	165	120
35 to 39 years	870	380	490	245	135	110
40 to 44 years	980	415	570	270	155	115
45 to 49 years	1,220	500	720	235	130	110
50 to 54 years	1,075	515	565	240	125	110
55 to 59 years	585	265	315	210	125	90
60 to 64 years	485	245	240	155	85	70
65 years and over	1,560	720	850	340	175	165
65 to 69 years	465	225	245	125	60	60
70 to 74 years	300	145	155	90	40	50
75 to 79 years	265	125	140	60	35	25
80 to 84 years	240	110	130	50	30	15
85 years and over	295	110	180	20	10	15
85 to 89 years	150	65	85	15	5	5
90 to 94 years	115	40	70	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	30	10	25	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	15.6	13.9	18.0	16.6	19.3
15 to 64 years	75.6	75.2	76.1	71.8	74.1	69.0
65 years and over	9.7	9.3	10.1	10.4	9.5	11.4
85 years and over	1.8	1.4	2.1	0.6	0.5	1.0
Average age of the population	34.3	33.4	35.2	37.1	37.0	37.3
Median age of the population	28.7	27.2	30.2	36.2	35.5	37.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,100	...	...	1,170	...	...
Single-detached house	425	...	...	900	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,230	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,430	...	...	270	...	...
Semi-detached house	65	...	...	80	...	...
Row house	630	...	...	75	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	55	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,685	...	...	105	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,100	...	...	1,170	...	...
1 person	1,790	...	...	245	...	...
2 persons	1,945	...	...	450	...	...
3 persons	1,250	...	...	195	...	...
4 persons	850	...	...	175	...	...
5 or more persons	270	...	...	105	...	...
Number of persons in private households	14,265	...	...	2,995	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	13,760	6,515	7,245	2,700	1,530	1,170
Married or living common law	6,780	3,235	3,545	1,670	865	800
Married	6,235	2,960	3,275	1,275	665	610
Living common law	540	275	270	395	200	195
Not married and not living common law	6,980	3,280	3,705	1,030	665	365
Never married	5,975	3,005	2,970	680	455	225
Separated	235	70	165	135	110	30
Divorced	440	145	300	115	65	45
Widowed	335	65	265	95	30	65
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,730	...	...	905	...	...
2 persons	1,610	...	...	470	...	...
3 persons	1,140	...	...	180	...	...
4 persons	815	...	...	165	...	...
5 or more persons	175	...	...	85	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,735	...	...	900	...	...
Total couple families	2,970	...	...	795	...	...
Married couples	2,700	...	...	595	...	...
Common-law couples	270	...	...	195	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	760	...	...	110	...	...
Female parent	660	...	...	80	...	...
Male parent	95	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,975	...	...	795	...	...
Couples without children	1,130	...	...	410	...	...
Couples with children	1,840	...	...	385	...	...
1 child	885	...	...	145	...	...
2 children	785	...	...	155	...	...
3 or more children	165	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	760	...	...	110	...	...
1 child	475	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	250	...	...	35	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,475	1,585	1,895	400	250	155
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,105	...	...	1,165	...	...
One-census-family households	3,600	...	...	870	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,070	...	...	395	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,525	...	...	470	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	70	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,440	...	...	285	...	...
One-person households	1,795	...	...	245	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	650	...	...	40	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	15,995	7,660	8,330	3,025	1,575	1,450
English only	13,480	6,515	6,965	2,855	1,490	1,365
French only	15	5	5	0	0	0
English and French	1,510	695	820	170	85	85
Neither English nor French	990	440	545	5	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	15,995	7,665	8,330	3,025	1,575	1,450
English	14,615	7,030	7,590	2,940	1,520	1,410
French	170	90	80	80	50	30
English and French	225	110	115	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	980	445	540	0	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	285	140	140	80	50	30
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.8	1.8	1.7	2.6	3.2	2.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	15,995	7,660	8,330	3,025	1,575	1,450
Single responses	15,485	7,420	8,065	2,975	1,555	1,415
Official languages	5,905	3,000	2,910	2,710	1,440	1,275
English	5,735	2,915	2,815	2,625	1,385	1,240
French	170	80	90	90	55	35
Non-official languages	9,575	4,420	5,155	265	120	140
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	15	5	15
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	20	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	5	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,570	4,415	5,150	245	110	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	325	175	155	5	5	0
Berber languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	320	170	150	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	265	140	130	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	55	30	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	20	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	125	40	85	25	5	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	65	25	40	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	20	35	25	5	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	30	25	20	15	10
Kannada	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	15	5	10
Tamil	15	5	10	0	5	0
Telugu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,955	995	955	155	70	75
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	290	140	150	40	20	25
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	280	140	145	40	20	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	30	20	25	10	15
Russian	155	75	75	5	0	5
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	5	0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	270	145	125	90	45	45
Afrikaans	10	5	10	65	30	40
Danish	10	5	5	5	0	5
Dutch	55	25	25	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	175	100	75	20	10	5
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	15	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	790	395	395	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	335	175	165	5	0	5
Bengali	50	25	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	5	0
Hindi	130	60	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	35	40	0	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	50	35	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	445	220	225	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	440	220	225	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	575	290	280	5	0	5
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	145	75	70	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	360	185	175	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	190	70	125	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,040	470	575	10	10	5
Mongolic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,595	2,490	3,105	15	10	5
Chinese languages	5,590	2,490	3,100	20	10	10
Cantonese	705	320	385	10	5	5
Hakka	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	4,455	1,970	2,485	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	65	35	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	290	130	160	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	70	40	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	40	35	5	0	5
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	510	245	265	50	15	30
English and French	70	25	45	20	5	10
English and non-official language	410	200	210	30	10	20
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	15,995	7,660	8,335	3,025	1,575	1,450
Single responses	14,905	7,170	7,735	2,965	1,545	1,415
Official languages	8,635	4,330	4,310	2,850	1,495	1,355
English	8,545	4,280	4,270	2,825	1,475	1,345
French	90	50	40	25	15	10
Non-official languages	6,270	2,845	3,425	115	55	60
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,270	2,845	3,425	120	55	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	190	100	90	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	190	100	90	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	160	85	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	15	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	20	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	10	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	5	5	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	5	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	970	495	480	70	35	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	65	60	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	125	65	60	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	15	5	5
Russian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	85	45	40	50	25	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	20	25
Danish	0	5	5	5	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	25	25	0	5	0
Icelandic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	425	210	215	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	135	65	70	0	0	5
Bengali	30	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hindi	35	10	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	290	150	150	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	295	145	150	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	325	170	160	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	95	45	50	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	215	115	100	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	115	50	70	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	720	315	405	5	5	10
Mongolic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,115	1,810	2,305	5	5	5
Chinese languages	4,120	1,810	2,305	5	0	0
Cantonese	410	180	230	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,510	1,535	1,970	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	140	65	75	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	5	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,090	490	595	60	30	30
English and French	30	15	15	10	5	5
English and non-official language	1,030	455	570	50	20	30
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	15,995	7,665	8,330	3,025	1,575	1,450
None	10,790	5,205	5,590	2,815	1,480	1,335
English	2,805	1,320	1,490	75	35	40
French	140	65	70	30	15	15
Non-official language	2,180	1,035	1,150	95	40	55
Aboriginal	15	0	10	10	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	2,170	1,030	1,135	80	35	45
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	20	20	5	5	0
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,970	5,555	6,410	2,410	1,260	1,150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,045	5,140	5,905	2,285	1,200	1,090
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	20,928	26,258	17,459	52,928	78,165	30,592
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,065	5,155	5,910	2,285	1,200	1,085
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	19,692	24,613	16,712	45,466	63,488	27,904
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,610	4,520	5,095	2,165	1,165	1,005
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,596	31,472	19,416	52,395	77,824	29,525
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,210	3,485	4,720	1,180	460	720
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	466	460	606	4,384	6,880	3,847
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,650	3,350	3,300	1,935	1,055	885
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	18,547	24,224	14,528	55,979	80,035	31,136
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	11,990	5,600	6,390	2,410	1,260	1,150
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,980	5,100	5,875	2,300	1,195	1,095
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,522	60,092	38,477	60,944	79,128	41,084
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,995	5,110	5,885	2,295	1,200	1,095
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,981	46,475	30,605	49,199	62,564	34,603
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,535	4,515	5,020	2,180	1,155	1,020
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,853	65,656	41,343	59,819	77,773	39,499
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,295	3,475	4,815	1,215	465	755
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,472	2,945	3,854	7,945	10,642	6,286
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,615	3,380	3,240	1,915	1,045	875
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,510	59,424	30,999	63,205	81,337	41,546
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	11,990	5,600	6,395	2,415	1,260	1,150
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,985	1,215	770	910	580	330
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	66,241	77,384	52,120	85,531	96,386	72,765
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	85,816	98,618	65,678	91,113	101,638	72,468
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	94.5	96.5	91.9	93.4	96.0	89.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	58.4	64.2	50.9	85.6	87.2	82.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	5.5	3.6	8.1	6.5	4.5	10.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	11,970	5,555	6,410	2,410	1,260	1,150
Without total income	925	420	510	120	65	60
With total income	11,045	5,140	5,905	2,285	1,200	1,090
Percentage with total income	92.3	92.5	92.1	94.8	95.2	94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,905	1,650	2,255	250	80	170
$10,000 to $19,999	1,510	620	890	285	85	205
$20,000 to $29,999	1,025	445	585	250	90	165
$30,000 to $39,999	820	375	440	180	70	115
$40,000 to $49,999	705	355	345	130	55	75
$50,000 to $59,999	535	250	285	145	65	80
$60,000 to $69,999	440	195	240	125	75	50
$70,000 to $79,999	360	175	175	160	95	60
$80,000 to $89,999	265	130	145	175	110	65
$90,000 to $99,999	255	150	105	140	95	45
$100,000 and over	1,220	785	435	440	375	60
$100,000 to $149,999	670	405	265	305	255	50
$150,000 and over	555	375	175	130	115	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	11,970	5,555	6,410	2,410	1,260	1,145
Without after-tax income	905	400	500	125	60	65
With after-tax income	11,065	5,155	5,905	2,280	1,200	1,085
Percentage with after-tax income	92.4	92.8	92.1	94.6	95.2	94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,020	1,705	2,310	255	85	175
$10,000 to $19,999	1,540	635	910	320	100	220
$20,000 to $29,999	1,140	510	630	285	100	185
$30,000 to $39,999	955	450	505	190	75	110
$40,000 to $49,999	760	375	385	180	75	105
$50,000 to $59,999	590	275	310	200	130	70
$60,000 to $69,999	430	205	220	235	145	95
$70,000 to $79,999	355	190	165	190	130	60
$80,000 and over	1,285	815	470	430	365	70
$80,000 to $89,999	275	150	125	150	110	35
$90,000 to $99,999	220	140	80	80	60	15
$100,000 and over	790	525	265	205	195	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	11,970	5,555	6,410	2,410	1,260	1,150
Without employment income	5,320	2,210	3,110	470	205	265
With employment income	6,650	3,350	3,300	1,935	1,050	880
Percentage with employment income	55.6	60.3	51.5	80.3	83.3	76.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,665	730	935	170	70	105
$5,000 to $9,999	795	365	430	100	40	65
$10,000 to $19,999	955	460	495	225	70	155
$20,000 to $29,999	545	255	290	170	60	105
$30,000 to $39,999	395	190	195	125	40	85
$40,000 to $49,999	405	200	205	105	40	65
$50,000 to $59,999	295	155	140	110	45	60
$60,000 to $69,999	230	130	95	125	75	45
$70,000 to $79,999	225	110	115	145	90	55
$80,000 and over	1,140	745	390	675	520	150
$80,000 to $89,999	170	85	90	170	110	65
$90,000 to $99,999	165	90	80	120	85	40
$100,000 and over	800	575	225	380	330	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,105	...	...	1,170	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	46,322	...	...	112,725	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	42,091	...	...	91,827	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,790	...	...	240	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	20,693	...	...	67,755	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	20,139	...	...	56,149	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	4,310	...	...	925	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,120	...	...	127,949	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	53,734	...	...	104,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,095	...	...	1,170	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,387	...	...	119,840	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,506	...	...	96,745	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,800	...	...	255	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,237	...	...	61,758	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,430	...	...	50,154	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	4,295	...	...	910	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,358	...	...	136,092	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,678	...	...	109,782	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,105	...	...	1,165	...	...
Under $5,000	980	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	365	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	305	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	280	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	240	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	225	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	165	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	185	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	325	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	310	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	240	...	...	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	240	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	210	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,575	...	...	660	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	410	...	...	155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	295	...	...	145	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	345	...	...	215	...	...
$200,000 and over	530	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,105	...	...	1,165	...	...
Under $5,000	1,005	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	375	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	300	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	295	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	255	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	290	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	250	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	185	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	225	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	380	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	300	...	...	95	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	295	...	...	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	265	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	230	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,250	...	...	515	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	405	...	...	180	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	265	...	...	170	...	...
$150,000 and over	580	...	...	165	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,825	...	...	890	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,015	...	...	125,269	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	60,217	...	...	102,400	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,060	...	...	390	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,904	...	...	113,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,192	...	...	91,794	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,845	...	...	385	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,912	...	...	148,992	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	71,117	...	...	119,296	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	735	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	27,072	...	...	80,640	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	24,896	...	...	67,840	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,795	...	...	880	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,762	...	...	133,502	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,463	...	...	107,741	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,010	...	...	370	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	167,600	...	...	116,933	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	127,939	...	...	94,852	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,840	...	...	410	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,203	...	...	160,870	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,879	...	...	128,675	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	765	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,234	...	...	77,662	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,021	...	...	65,323	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,070	1,400	1,675	360	235	130
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	10,560	10,032	10,965	60,288	70,912	36,224
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	10,304	9,984	10,667	50,560	57,600	31,424
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,125	1,375	1,755	365	230	135
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,457	28,601	37,266	61,256	70,505	45,948
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,364	24,297	29,768	49,533	56,343	38,263
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	14,265	6,720	7,545	2,995	1,565	1,435
In the bottom half of the distribution	8,935	4,130	4,810	770	370	395
In the bottom decile	4,990	2,245	2,745	140	60	85
In the second decile	1,265	580	685	110	55	55
In the third decile	1,050	515	535	155	80	80
In the fourth decile	835	410	425	185	90	95
In the fifth decile	805	390	410	180	95	85
In the top half of the distribution	5,330	2,585	2,735	2,225	1,190	1,035
In the sixth decile	810	390	420	325	170	150
In the seventh decile	845	395	450	335	185	150
In the eighth decile	830	405	420	430	220	215
In the ninth decile	1,015	480	535	545	290	250
In the top decile	1,830	920	910	585	315	270
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	14,265	6,720	7,545	2,995	1,565	1,435
0 to 17 years	2,885	1,470	1,420	725	380	340
0 to 5 years	935	490	445	200	95	100
18 to 64 years	9,975	4,605	5,370	1,960	1,025	940
65 years and over	1,405	650	755	310	160	150
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,645	2,530	3,115	185	85	100
0 to 17 years	1,150	565	590	55	20	30
0 to 5 years	335	165	170	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	4,355	1,905	2,445	120	60	60
65 years and over	145	60	80	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	39.6	37.6	41.3	6.2	5.4	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	39.9	38.4	41.5	7.6	5.3	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	35.8	33.7	38.2	10.0	10.5	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	43.7	41.4	45.5	6.1	5.9	6.4
65 years and over (%)	10.3	9.2	10.6	4.8	3.1	6.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,200	2,345	2,860	100	45	55
0 to 17 years	1,005	485	520	25	10	15
0 to 5 years	280	140	140	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	4,090	1,815	2,280	70	35	35
65 years and over	105	45	60	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	36.5	34.9	37.9	3.3	2.9	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	34.8	33.0	36.6	3.4	2.6	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	29.9	28.6	31.5	5.0	5.3	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	41.0	39.4	42.5	3.6	3.4	3.7
65 years and over (%)	7.5	6.9	7.9	1.6	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	14,285	6,740	7,545	3,020	1,600	1,420
Official languages	13,320	6,305	7,015	3,020	1,595	1,425
English	13,315	6,295	7,020	3,020	1,600	1,425
French	1,335	570	765	185	85	100
Non-official languages	10,140	4,705	5,435	250	110	135
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	25	10	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	20	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,135	4,700	5,435	225	105	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	535	300	235	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	535	295	235	10	10	0
Amharic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	395	220	175	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	140	80	60	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	185	75	110	30	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	70	30	35	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	45	75	20	10	15
Waray-Waray	25	15	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	10	0	0	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	30	15	30	15	10
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	0	30	15	10
Tamil	25	20	10	10	10	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,340	1,155	1,190	125	60	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	340	180	165	35	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	345	180	165	35	20	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	75	40	35	30	20	10
Russian	205	115	90	10	0	10
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	505	260	245	55	25	30
Afrikaans	20	20	0	35	20	15
Danish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	75	40	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	365	180	185	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	65	30	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	30	15	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	780	400	380	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	395	210	180	15	10	10
Bengali	25	10	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	25	15	0	0	0
Hindi	210	115	100	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	10	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	55	45	10	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	80	40	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	390	190	200	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	385	190	200	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	825	365	460	15	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Portuguese	140	55	85	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	615	280	335	15	0	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	340	145	195	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,065	485	575	15	0	10
Mongolic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,760	2,585	3,180	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5,755	2,580	3,170	0	0	0
Cantonese	980	435	545	0	0	0
Hakka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	5,070	2,270	2,795	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	120	45	70	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	175	75	100	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	25	35	10	0	0
Lao	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	30	15	15	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	14,285	6,740	7,545	3,015	1,595	1,420
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	8,895	4,155	4,745	2,855	1,535	1,320
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,925	965	960	715	400	315
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,970	3,185	3,785	2,135	1,135	1,005
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,390	2,590	2,800	165	65	100
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	14,285	6,745	7,540	3,020	1,600	1,420
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,640	2,215	2,425	2,680	1,450	1,225
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	6,890	3,230	3,660	320	140	180
Before 1981	725	340	385	125	45	85
1981 to 1990	285	140	140	30	10	20
1991 to 2000	1,005	460	545	10	10	10
2001 to 2010	3,125	1,490	1,635	55	40	15
2001 to 2005	1,355	660	700	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,775	835	940	60	40	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,755	795	950	100	40	60
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	2,750	1,295	1,455	25	0	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	6,890	3,230	3,660	320	140	180
Under 5 years	630	355	270	20	0	15
5 to 14 years	1,540	815	730	70	30	45
15 to 24 years	845	375	470	35	15	15
25 to 44 years	3,155	1,355	1,805	170	80	95
45 years and over	720	335	385	20	10	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,890	3,230	3,660	315	140	175
Americas	565	250	320	30	15	15
Brazil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	45	20	35	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	395	175	220	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Americas	70	25	40	0	10	0
Europe	700	395	310	155	60	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	25	15	10	0	0	0
Germany	45	35	10	10	10	0
Greece	20	15	10	10	10	0
Hungary	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	15	10	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	15	10	0	0	10
Poland	45	25	20	15	10	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	85	45	35	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	265	145	120	115	40	75
Other places of birth in Europe	110	45	65	0	10	0
Africa	130	70	60	50	25	25
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	75	45	30	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	15	45	20	25
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	5,445	2,490	2,955	80	40	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	2,895	1,295	1,595	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	350	165	185	0	0	0
India	175	95	80	20	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	280	130	155	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	120	30	90	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	680	310	365	10	10	10
Lebanon	20	10	10	10	10	0
Pakistan	50	35	15	0	0	0
Philippines	115	50	65	35	15	15
Sri Lanka	25	15	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	410	165	245	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	280	160	115	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,750	800	955	100	40	60
Americas	165	85	80	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	115	65	45	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	100	55	40	20	0	15
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	15	0	0	0
Africa	50	30	20	45	20	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	40	25	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	1,430	620	810	30	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	995	425	575	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	35	25	10	0	0	0
India	35	15	20	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	105	55	50	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	60	20	40	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	25	20	10	10
Saudi Arabia	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	35	20	20	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	15	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	14,285	6,745	7,545	3,020	1,600	1,420
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,920	4,675	5,240	355	145	205
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,330	1,085	1,240	280	130	145
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,035	980	1,065	2,390	1,320	1,070
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	6,215	2,900	3,310	205	105	100
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,450	2,610	2,840	145	75	70
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,670	1,085	580	45	30	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,780	1,525	2,255	100	45	55
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	655	235	415	50	25	25
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	80	45	35	10	10	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	14,285	6,740	7,545	3,020	1,595	1,420
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	220	130	85	335	155	170
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	210	130	85	320	145	170
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	165	90	75	140	50	90
Métis	50	40	10	175	95	75
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	10	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	14,065	6,605	7,455	2,690	1,440	1,245
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	14,285	6,740	7,540	3,020	1,595	1,425
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	145	85	65	65	25	35
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	14,135	6,655	7,480	2,955	1,565	1,385
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	14,285	6,740	7,545	3,020	1,595	1,425
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	70	45	25	70	30	40
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	55	35	20	70	30	40
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	55	40	15	70	30	45
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	165	80	85	330	155	180
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	150	70	85	310	150	155
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	60	70	220	95	125
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	85	55	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	15	0	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	14,050	6,610	7,440	2,615	1,410	1,200
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	14,285	6,740	7,540	3,015	1,600	1,425
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	9,615	4,440	5,175	145	75	75
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	580	305	275	50	30	20
Chinese	5,995	2,715	3,280	0	0	0
Black	50	20	35	20	10	10
Filipino	125	50	75	35	15	20
Latin American	300	135	160	0	0	0
Arab	370	200	170	15	0	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	205	85	120	0	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	375	185	190	0	0	0
Korean	1,155	540	610	10	10	10
Japanese	320	125	190	0	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	10	10	0	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	135	70	65	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,670	2,300	2,365	2,880	1,525	1,350
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	14,285	6,740	7,545	3,020	1,600	1,420
North American Aboriginal origins	235	130	105	405	185	220
First Nations (North American Indian)	210	115	95	315	130	190
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	45	35	10	110	60	50
Other North American origins	1,210	515	690	860	470	390
Acadian	10	0	10	30	10	15
American	210	95	115	60	30	35
Canadian	1,060	465	600	815	440	375
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	4,755	2,290	2,460	2,390	1,260	1,130
British Isles origins	2,965	1,445	1,520	1,730	900	825
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	1,845	885	955	950	490	455
Irish	1,310	575	735	755	345	410
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,445	690	755	845	445	400
Welsh	180	75	110	105	45	60
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	175	100	75	160	85	75
French origins	525	255	275	625	320	305
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0	0	0
French	525	255	270	625	320	305
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,415	665	745	705	420	290
Austrian	55	30	25	40	30	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	65	35	30	45	30	10
Dutch	285	135	150	120	65	55
Flemish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,090	505	585	540	310	220
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	50	25	20	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	510	245	265	225	125	95
Danish	60	35	20	25	15	10
Finnish	85	45	40	45	15	25
Icelandic	25	10	15	0	10	0
Norwegian	200	100	90	120	70	55
Swedish	165	75	90	50	30	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	0	25	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,130	530	600	410	215	195
Bulgarian	25	10	20	0	10	0
Byelorussian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	90	30	65	0	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	125	65	70	60	25	30
Latvian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	330	175	155	155	85	70
Romanian	60	25	30	0	0	10
Russian	325	160	160	55	30	25
Slovak	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	325	130	195	180	95	85
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins	740	345	390	130	60	70
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	40	70	15	10	10
Italian	310	175	135	60	30	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	125	50	75	30	15	15
Serbian	10	0	0	15	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Spanish	215	85	135	10	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	130	70	60	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	110	65	50	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	40	15	25	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	410	180	230	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Chilean	50	15	35	0	0	0
Colombian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mexican	120	45	70	10	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	0	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	225	105	115	50	25	25
Central and West African origins	10	0	10	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	135	75	65	0	0	0
Algerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	75	40	30	0	0	0
Libyan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maure	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	65	25	40	45	20	25
Afrikaner	10	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	35	10	25	45	20	25
Tanzanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	10	10	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Asian origins	9,380	4,335	5,040	155	85	70
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	870	435	435	15	10	10
Afghan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	165	90	80	0	0	0
Armenian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	425	205	215	0	0	0
Iraqi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	55	30	25	0	0	0
Jordanian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	45	15	30	15	0	10
Palestinian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	20	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	605	330	275	50	35	20
Bangladeshi	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	440	255	185	50	30	15
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	80	45	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	20	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	0	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	7,905	3,585	4,325	85	45	40
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	6,060	2,745	3,315	0	0	0
Filipino	135	60	75	30	15	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	0	30	0	0	0
Japanese	345	135	215	30	25	10
Karen	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,185	555	630	15	10	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	230	100	130	0	0	0
Thai	35	15	20	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	15	10	0	0
Oceania origins	60	25	35	0	0	0
Australian	40	20	20	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,095	...	...	1,165	...	...
Owner	2,830	...	...	895	...	...
Renter	3,265	...	...	275	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,095	...	...	1,170	...	...
Condominium	3,705	...	...	140	...	...
Not condominium	2,390	...	...	1,030	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,095	...	...	1,170	...	...
No bedrooms	130	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,435	...	...	50	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,015	...	...	85	...	...
3 bedrooms	910	...	...	495	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	605	...	...	535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,100	...	...	1,165	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,160	...	...	120	...	...
5 rooms	820	...	...	130	...	...
6 rooms	425	...	...	200	...	...
7 rooms	260	...	...	160	...	...
8 or more rooms	435	...	...	555	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.2	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,100	...	...	1,165	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,775	...	...	1,160	...	...
More than 1 person per room	320	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,095	...	...	1,170	...	...
Suitable	5,220	...	...	1,145	...	...
Not suitable	875	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,095	...	...	1,165	...	...
1960 or before	390	...	...	10	...	...
1961 to 1980	380	...	...	755	...	...
1981 to 1990	400	...	...	125	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,230	...	...	130	...	...
2001 to 2005	910	...	...	25	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,475	...	...	95	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,305	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,100	...	...	1,170	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,870	...	...	1,055	...	...
Major repairs needed	220	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,095	...	...	1,165	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,930	...	...	760	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,950	...	...	405	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	215	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,095	...	...	1,170	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,255	...	...	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,075	...	...	230	...	...
35 to 44 years	915	...	...	225	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,400	...	...	295	...	...
55 to 64 years	570	...	...	200	...	...
65 to 74 years	415	...	...	115	...	...
75 to 84 years	295	...	...	55	...	...
85 years and over	165	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,015	...	...	1,160	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,590	...	...	1,015	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,425	...	...	140	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,680	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,830	...	...	890	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	51.5	...	...	71.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.9	...	...	9.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,461	...	...	1,519	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,871	...	...	1,465	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	850,251	...	...	219,482	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,251,929	...	...	249,834	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,265	...	...	280	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.2	...	...	10.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	65.6	...	...	22.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,665	...	...	1,004	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,743	...	...	1,134	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,995	5,595	6,395	2,415	1,265	1,155
No certificate, diploma or degree	750	405	350	480	265	215
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,185	1,435	1,745	840	420	420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,060	3,765	4,300	1,100	580	515
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	195	100	95	330	270	55
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	85	35	50	115	75	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	110	65	45	215	190	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	870	330	540	515	210	300
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	445	150	290	30	10	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,550	3,175	3,370	225	95	130
Bachelor's degree	3,050	1,300	1,745	160	60	100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	335	110	230	10	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	255	145	105	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,830	970	865	50	25	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,075	650	420	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,985	3,240	3,745	1,685	875	805
No certificate, diploma or degree	110	55	55	180	100	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	745	325	415	580	285	290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,135	2,855	3,275	920	490	435
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	130	65	70	275	225	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	65	30	35	85	60	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	75	40	35	190	170	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	630	225	405	425	180	240
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	350	115	230	30	10	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,020	2,445	2,575	200	75	120
Bachelor's degree	2,030	845	1,185	155	55	100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	85	160	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	200	100	100	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,610	855	755	35	15	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	935	560	380	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,995	5,595	6,390	2,415	1,265	1,150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,930	1,835	2,095	1,320	680	640
Education	515	105	410	85	35	45
13. Education	515	105	405	85	35	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	425	140	285	25	20	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	25	20	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	380	115	270	15	10	0
Humanities	645	220	430	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	130	40	90	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	205	50	150	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	20	85	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	25	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	40	30	0	0	0
54. History	75	50	20	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,205	490	720	105	25	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	15	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	25	55	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	10	95	40	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	165	80	85	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	20	10	0	0
42. Psychology	185	70	120	25	0	20
45. Social sciences	610	280	325	20	15	10
Business, management and public administration	1,390	625	760	160	30	130
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	15	40	20	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,330	605	720	140	25	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,025	550	475	30	10	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	540	245	295	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	65	60	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	355	245	110	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	480	290	190	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	280	190	95	10	0	10
25. Library science	35	0	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	160	90	70	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,195	860	335	320	310	10
04. Architecture and related services	100	55	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	905	635	270	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	90	80	10	65	60	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	20	0	65	65	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	45	0	115	110	0
48. Precision production	20	15	0	65	65	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	90	85	30	25	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	55	20	35	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	65	50	25	20	0
Health and related fields	945	355	590	160	15	150
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	55	25	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	775	255	520	160	15	150
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	55	45	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	25	30	165	110	55
12. Personal and culinary services	35	15	25	55	20	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	75	55	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	10	30	30	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,985	3,240	3,750	1,685	875	810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	850	385	470	760	390	370
Education	330	85	245	60	20	40
13. Education	330	80	250	60	20	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	345	115	230	10	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	20	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	310	95	215	10	10	0
Humanities	460	175	290	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	25	65	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	130	25	100	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	15	60	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	40	20	0	0	0
54. History	50	40	15	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	895	370	525	75	20	55
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	20	50	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	10	65	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	120	50	65	10	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	15	10	0	0
42. Psychology	100	55	55	25	10	20
45. Social sciences	470	220	250	10	15	0
Business, management and public administration	1,095	485	615	135	25	110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	20	25	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,055	465	590	125	20	100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	760	380	380	30	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	420	180	240	20	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	260	170	95	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	385	230	155	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	245	160	90	10	0	10
25. Library science	20	10	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	60	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	965	675	290	270	260	10
04. Architecture and related services	55	30	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	775	530	240	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	60	55	0	50	40	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	15	10	60	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	0	95	95	0
48. Precision production	10	0	10	55	60	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	60	65	25	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	20	30	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	40	35	25	25	0
Health and related fields	720	265	455	140	15	130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	60	40	25	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	585	185	395	140	15	125
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	40	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	20	20	145	95	50
12. Personal and culinary services	35	20	15	50	20	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	70	50	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	10	25	25	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,995	5,600	6,395	2,415	1,265	1,150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,930	1,835	2,090	1,315	680	635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,065	3,765	4,300	1,100	585	515
Location of study inside Canada	3,945	1,855	2,085	965	530	435
Same as province or territory of residence	2,885	1,370	1,520	560	335	225
Different than province or territory of residence	1,055	490	570	405	200	210
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,120	1,905	2,215	130	50	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	675	385	290	40	20	15
Philippines	60	35	30	10	0	10
India	80	35	50	30	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	275	165	110	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,400	605	795	0	0	0
France	45	25	15	0	0	0
Other	1,580	660	925	45	15	35
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,985	3,240	3,745	1,685	875	810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	850	380	475	760	385	375
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,130	2,860	3,275	925	490	435
Location of study inside Canada	2,520	1,235	1,290	810	450	360
Same as province or territory of residence	1,785	870	920	455	280	180
Different than province or territory of residence	735	365	370	350	170	180
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,610	1,625	1,985	115	40	75
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	535	295	235	25	10	10
Philippines	40	25	20	10	0	10
India	80	30	45	35	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	175	105	75	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,325	570	750	0	0	0
France	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other	1,430	585	845	40	10	30
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	11,995	5,600	6,395	2,415	1,260	1,150
In the labour force	5,970	3,140	2,825	1,720	970	755
Employed	5,320	2,830	2,485	1,535	840	695
Unemployed	650	305	345	185	125	55
Not in the labour force	6,025	2,460	3,570	695	295	400
Participation rate	49.8	56.1	44.2	71.2	77.0	65.7
Employment rate	44.4	50.5	38.9	63.6	66.7	60.4
Unemployment rate	10.9	9.7	12.2	10.8	12.9	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	11,990	5,600	6,395	2,415	1,260	1,150
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,525	2,225	3,295	580	250	325
Worked	6,470	3,375	3,095	1,840	1,010	825
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,150	1,310	840	920	590	330
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,325	2,070	2,255	920	420	490
Average weeks worked in reference year	36.8	38.1	35.3	41.9	43.2	40.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,965	3,140	2,825	1,715	970	750
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	130	145	20	15	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,690	3,005	2,685	1,700	950	750
Employee	4,910	2,580	2,335	1,580	875	705
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	780	430	350	120	75	40
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,965	3,140	2,825	1,720	970	750
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	130	145	25	15	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,690	3,005	2,680	1,695	950	745
0 Management occupations	690	440	255	135	65	65
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	795	325	480	175	35	135
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	700	510	190	40	35	10
3 Health occupations	280	120	160	80	0	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,730	915	810	305	145	160
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	275	135	140	40	15	25
6 Sales and service occupations	990	375	620	305	80	225
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	140	135	10	370	335	35
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	55	40	15	100	95	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	35	20	15	145	135	15
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,970	3,140	2,825	1,720	970	750
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	280	135	145	20	15	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,690	3,005	2,680	1,700	950	750
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	60	40	20	145	110	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	20	10	240	205	30
22 Utilities	10	10	0	55	50	10
23 Construction	130	100	25	160	135	25
31-33 Manufacturing	145	95	55	35	25	10
41 Wholesale trade	170	90	75	0	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	530	230	305	135	40	95
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	100	55	45	70	55	15
51 Information and cultural industries	185	135	50	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	300	175	125	30	0	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	255	135	115	15	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	790	475	315	10	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	25	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	100	60	35	25	0	20
61 Educational services	1,840	960	880	85	30	55
62 Health care and social assistance	320	100	220	105	0	100
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110	50	60	15	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	355	150	205	130	40	90
81 Other services (except public administration)	110	30	80	95	55	40
91 Public administration	110	65	45	340	180	160
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,315	2,830	2,480	1,535	840	695
Worked at home	760	380	380	35	20	15
Worked outside Canada	290	225	65	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	415	260	150	205	165	35
Worked at usual place	3,845	1,965	1,885	1,295	650	645
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,850	1,960	1,885	1,295	655	645
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,670	885	785	1,200	560	635
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,065	995	1,070	20	25	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	50	40	15	70	60	0
Commute to a different province or territory	60	45	15	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,260	2,230	2,035	1,500	820	680
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,530	855	675	1,240	720	520
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	110	40	65	110	45	65
Public transit	1,000	430	575	0	10	0
Walked	1,200	625	575	120	35	85
Bicycle	365	235	135	0	0	0
Other method	55	40	20	20	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,260	2,225	2,035	1,500	815	685
Less than 15 minutes	1,115	635	475	1,110	515	595
15 to 29 minutes	1,345	680	655	215	140	75
30 to 44 minutes	1,055	515	540	35	30	10
45 to 59 minutes	455	250	210	35	30	0
60 minutes and over	300	135	160	105	100	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,260	2,225	2,035	1,500	820	680
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	90	50	40	165	135	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	225	130	100	435	315	120
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	800	445	360	315	165	150
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,550	860	690	210	55	150
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,110	525	585	130	30	100
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	480	215	270	240	110	130
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	6,915	3,600	3,315	1,870	1,025	845
Single responses	6,685	3,510	3,170	1,865	1,015	845
Official languages	5,920	3,055	2,865	1,860	1,015	845
English	5,905	3,045	2,860	1,865	1,015	845
French	20	10	0	0	0	0
Non-official languages	765	455	310	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	760	455	305	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	45	45	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	585	365	220	0	0	0
Chinese languages	585	365	220	0	0	0
Cantonese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	515	330	185	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	230	85	140	0	10	0
English and French	35	0	30	10	0	0
English and non-official language	190	80	110	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	6,910	3,600	3,315	1,870	1,025	845
None	5,815	3,030	2,790	1,825	1,005	815
English	340	180	165	0	0	0
French	70	30	40	35	10	25
Non-official language	640	350	290	15	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	635	345	290	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	0	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	14,150	6,685	7,470	2,980	1,565	1,410
Non-movers	10,105	4,790	5,315	2,635	1,430	1,210
Movers	4,050	1,895	2,155	350	140	205
Non-migrants	1,830	885	950	170	75	100
Migrants	2,220	1,010	1,215	175	65	105
Internal migrants	935	405	535	130	50	80
Intraprovincial migrants	535	210	320	100	40	60
Interprovincial migrants	400	190	210	30	15	20
External migrants	1,285	605	680	50	20	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	13,535	6,360	7,175	2,865	1,500	1,360
Non-movers	4,200	2,005	2,200	1,860	980	880
Movers	9,335	4,360	4,975	1,000	515	485
Non-migrants	2,960	1,370	1,590	370	190	175
Migrants	6,370	2,990	3,385	635	330	305
Internal migrants	1,945	930	1,015	510	270	235
Intraprovincial migrants	1,130	535	595	225	130	95
Interprovincial migrants	815	395	420	285	145	135
External migrants	4,430	2,060	2,370	125	50	70

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Greater Vancouver A, RDA [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Grande Cache [Population centre], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Greater Vancouver A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Grande Cache [Population centre], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Greater Vancouver A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Grande Cache [Population centre], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Greater Vancouver A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Grande Cache [Population centre], Alberta