Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Vancouver, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Shuniah, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	West Vancouver, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Shuniah, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , West Vancouver, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : West Vancouver, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Shuniah, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	42,473	...	...	2,798	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	42,694	...	...	2,737	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	18,649	...	...	2,130	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	16,933	...	...	1,196	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	486.8	...	...	4.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	87.26	...	...	570.99	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	42,470	19,725	22,750	2,800	1,425	1,370
0 to 14 years	5,875	3,055	2,820	315	160	160
0 to 4 years	1,170	600	570	115	60	55
5 to 9 years	2,045	1,090	955	95	45	50
10 to 14 years	2,660	1,365	1,290	105	60	50
15 to 64 years	24,790	11,435	13,350	1,820	905	915
15 to 19 years	3,080	1,555	1,530	130	60	70
20 to 24 years	2,225	1,170	1,055	140	75	65
25 to 29 years	1,335	650	685	105	50	55
30 to 34 years	1,155	480	675	125	60	65
35 to 39 years	1,460	550	910	135	70	65
40 to 44 years	2,385	930	1,460	145	65	80
45 to 49 years	3,375	1,485	1,895	155	75	80
50 to 54 years	3,425	1,600	1,825	265	130	135
55 to 59 years	3,230	1,550	1,685	295	150	145
60 to 64 years	3,100	1,475	1,630	330	170	155
65 years and over	11,810	5,235	6,575	660	355	300
65 to 69 years	3,030	1,450	1,585	270	135	130
70 to 74 years	2,770	1,280	1,485	175	95	80
75 to 79 years	2,095	965	1,130	105	55	50
80 to 84 years	1,665	745	925	65	40	25
85 years and over	2,250	795	1,455	45	25	15
85 to 89 years	1,360	520	840	40	25	10
90 to 94 years	685	225	460	15	0	10
95 to 99 years	175	45	130	0	0	0
100 years and over	25	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.8	15.5	12.4	11.3	11.2	11.7
15 to 64 years	58.4	58.0	58.7	65.0	63.5	66.8
65 years and over	27.8	26.5	28.9	23.6	24.9	21.9
85 years and over	5.3	4.0	6.4	1.6	1.8	1.1
Average age of the population	47.4	46.0	48.6	47.6	48.2	47.0
Median age of the population	50.5	50.0	51.0	52.8	53.6	51.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	16,935	...	...	1,195	...	...
Single-detached house	9,355	...	...	1,125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,525	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,045	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	495	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	395	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,500	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,640	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	16,935	...	...	1,195	...	...
1 person	4,655	...	...	265	...	...
2 persons	5,715	...	...	570	...	...
3 persons	2,605	...	...	155	...	...
4 persons	2,635	...	...	155	...	...
5 or more persons	1,320	...	...	55	...	...
Number of persons in private households	41,680	...	...	2,785	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	36,600	16,670	19,930	2,480	1,265	1,215
Married or living common law	22,305	10,965	11,340	1,750	875	875
Married	20,815	10,205	10,610	1,475	740	735
Living common law	1,490	760	730	275	135	140
Not married and not living common law	14,295	5,710	8,590	740	390	340
Never married	8,480	4,245	4,235	445	245	195
Separated	720	245	475	65	35	25
Divorced	2,375	740	1,630	105	70	30
Widowed	2,720	475	2,245	125	40	90
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	12,335	...	...	940	...	...
2 persons	6,140	...	...	600	...	...
3 persons	2,680	...	...	150	...	...
4 persons	2,660	...	...	150	...	...
5 or more persons	855	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	12,330	...	...	935	...	...
Total couple families	10,645	...	...	860	...	...
Married couples	9,900	...	...	725	...	...
Common-law couples	745	...	...	135	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,685	...	...	75	...	...
Female parent	1,370	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	310	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	10,650	...	...	860	...	...
Couples without children	5,125	...	...	545	...	...
Couples with children	5,525	...	...	315	...	...
1 child	2,155	...	...	135	...	...
2 children	2,535	...	...	150	...	...
3 or more children	835	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,685	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	1,015	...	...	55	...	...
2 children	520	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	150	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,260	2,040	4,220	340	200	140
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	16,930	...	...	1,195	...	...
One-census-family households	11,635	...	...	900	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,800	...	...	530	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,835	...	...	370	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	335	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,960	...	...	275	...	...
One-person households	4,655	...	...	265	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	310	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	42,055	19,600	22,455	2,800	1,425	1,370
English only	35,685	16,800	18,890	2,525	1,305	1,220
French only	20	10	10	5	5	0
English and French	4,695	1,980	2,715	265	115	150
Neither English nor French	1,650	810	840	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	42,050	19,595	22,460	2,800	1,425	1,375
English	39,480	18,405	21,075	2,710	1,380	1,330
French	490	195	300	80	45	40
English and French	470	205	265	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	1,610	790	825	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	730	300	425	85	45	40
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.7	1.5	1.9	3.0	3.2	2.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	42,055	19,595	22,455	2,795	1,425	1,375
Single responses	41,280	19,245	22,035	2,780	1,420	1,365
Official languages	25,835	12,325	13,510	2,580	1,320	1,260
English	25,355	12,135	13,220	2,495	1,275	1,220
French	475	190	285	90	45	40
Non-official languages	15,445	6,915	8,525	200	95	105
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15,440	6,915	8,530	195	95	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	100	90	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	185	95	90	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	155	85	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	10	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	335	50	285	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	295	40	250	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,465	3,500	3,960	125	65	65
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,045	460	580	50	20	30
Baltic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,020	455	565	50	25	30
Belarusan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	65	35	30	5	0	5
Czech	125	55	70	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	210	85	125	15	5	10
Russian	330	140	190	5	5	0
Serbian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	60	25	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	100	50	50	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,335	600	735	45	25	20
Afrikaans	75	40	35	0	0	0
Danish	110	50	60	10	10	0
Dutch	185	90	90	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	835	355	480	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Swedish	65	35	35	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	40	25	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,135	2,005	2,130	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	350	165	185	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	115	50	65	0	0	0
Hindi	45	20	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	5	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	60	25	35	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	3,785	1,845	1,945	5	5	0
Kurdish	20	15	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	3,765	1,830	1,940	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	810	360	445	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	275	130	145	25	10	10
Portuguese	80	30	45	5	0	0
Romanian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Spanish	400	175	225	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	255	75	175	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	615	270	345	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	6,185	2,740	3,445	5	0	5
Chinese languages	6,185	2,740	3,445	0	5	5
Cantonese	885	390	490	0	0	0
Hakka	20	5	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	4,965	2,215	2,750	5	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	105	40	60	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	75	30	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	120	55	65	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	135	75	65	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	25	15	10	0	0	0
Turkish	115	65	50	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	180	75	110	65	30	35
Estonian	30	10	15	5	0	0
Finnish	55	15	40	55	25	30
Hungarian	100	45	55	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	775	355	420	15	5	10
English and French	70	30	40	5	5	5
English and non-official language	650	305	345	10	0	5
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	42,055	19,595	22,455	2,800	1,425	1,370
Single responses	39,860	18,615	21,245	2,760	1,410	1,350
Official languages	30,515	14,270	16,240	2,730	1,390	1,335
English	30,365	14,200	16,165	2,685	1,370	1,320
French	155	70	80	45	20	20
Non-official languages	9,345	4,345	5,000	35	20	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,350	4,350	5,000	30	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	35	35	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	30	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	15	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	10	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,830	1,840	1,985	15	10	10
Albanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	405	205	205	10	5	5
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	405	205	200	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	30	20	10	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	30	30	10	0	0
Russian	215	100	115	5	0	5
Serbian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	255	120	130	5	0	0
Afrikaans	40	15	20	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	135	60	70	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,810	1,345	1,465	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	5	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,725	1,305	1,415	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,710	1,300	1,410	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	305	150	160	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	5	0	0	0
Romanian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	195	95	105	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	40	70	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	450	195	260	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,735	2,165	2,565	0	0	0
Chinese languages	4,730	2,165	2,570	0	0	0
Cantonese	480	215	260	0	0	0
Hakka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	4,090	1,870	2,220	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	55	25	25	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	35	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	45	25	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	20	20	10	5	5
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	15	5	10
Hungarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,190	980	1,210	35	15	20
English and French	55	25	30	10	5	5
English and non-official language	2,085	935	1,155	25	5	15
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	20	20	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	42,050	19,595	22,455	2,800	1,425	1,375
None	34,275	16,060	18,215	2,655	1,355	1,305
English	3,685	1,745	1,945	35	15	10
French	400	160	240	40	20	20
Non-official language	3,540	1,555	1,985	65	30	35
Aboriginal	5	5	5	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,535	1,555	1,980	65	30	35
English and French	25	10	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	60	30	30	5	0	5
French and non-official language	65	30	35	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	35,805	16,440	19,365	2,465	1,260	1,210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,915	15,535	18,380	2,400	1,235	1,170
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,550	50,483	34,723	46,144	57,429	37,171
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,965	15,575	18,385	2,405	1,235	1,170
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,398	43,116	30,790	40,306	49,579	33,134
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	31,650	14,550	17,105	2,250	1,180	1,070
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,441	49,318	31,320	42,859	52,896	34,048
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,975	9,325	13,650	1,645	820	830
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,106	5,603	4,962	8,549	9,968	7,819
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,040	10,475	10,570	1,760	940	810
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,427	36,201	22,003	39,211	49,451	33,888
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	35,805	16,450	19,355	2,470	1,260	1,210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,955	15,575	18,385	2,420	1,240	1,180
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	97,814	140,679	61,504	56,890	67,978	45,228
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,975	15,590	18,385	2,425	1,240	1,185
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	71,123	97,709	48,577	46,718	54,940	38,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,695	14,600	17,095	2,225	1,190	1,040
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	99,568	145,362	60,465	54,891	63,925	44,543
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,005	9,310	13,700	1,665	855	810
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,195	7,372	7,075	9,382	9,867	8,869
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,040	10,545	10,495	1,760	965	785
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	84,488	124,811	43,949	50,612	57,430	42,252
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	35,805	16,450	19,355	2,470	1,260	1,210
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,840	4,065	2,770	770	415	355
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	70,535	86,814	57,922	67,106	72,892	58,642
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	142,402	185,493	79,205	77,302	86,438	66,484
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	94.8	96.6	91.2	89.0	90.1	86.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	54.6	60.7	43.2	64.7	65.9	62.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	5.2	3.4	8.8	11.1	9.7	13.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	35,805	16,435	19,370	2,465	1,255	1,210
Without total income	1,890	900	990	60	20	40
With total income	33,915	15,530	18,380	2,405	1,235	1,170
Percentage with total income	94.7	94.5	94.9	97.6	98.4	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,995	2,510	3,485	225	70	160
$10,000 to $19,999	4,485	1,830	2,655	290	115	180
$20,000 to $29,999	3,585	1,335	2,245	260	125	135
$30,000 to $39,999	2,715	1,030	1,680	280	125	150
$40,000 to $49,999	2,535	1,005	1,530	235	115	125
$50,000 to $59,999	2,125	885	1,230	205	110	100
$60,000 to $69,999	1,850	815	1,040	190	115	80
$70,000 to $79,999	1,500	685	810	155	90	70
$80,000 to $89,999	1,240	545	690	140	85	55
$90,000 to $99,999	980	475	505	120	75	45
$100,000 and over	6,915	4,415	2,500	300	220	80
$100,000 to $149,999	2,835	1,555	1,275	190	145	45
$150,000 and over	4,080	2,860	1,225	115	80	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	35,805	16,440	19,370	2,470	1,255	1,205
Without after-tax income	1,840	865	980	60	25	40
With after-tax income	33,960	15,575	18,385	2,405	1,235	1,170
Percentage with after-tax income	94.8	94.7	94.9	97.4	98.4	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,440	2,725	3,715	245	70	175
$10,000 to $19,999	4,725	1,940	2,785	305	115	185
$20,000 to $29,999	4,100	1,560	2,540	315	150	165
$30,000 to $39,999	3,180	1,210	1,970	335	155	180
$40,000 to $49,999	2,795	1,150	1,640	270	135	140
$50,000 to $59,999	2,385	1,035	1,355	270	160	110
$60,000 to $69,999	1,825	830	995	200	130	75
$70,000 to $79,999	1,430	660	770	160	105	55
$80,000 and over	7,075	4,465	2,615	310	225	85
$80,000 to $89,999	1,125	545	580	90	60	30
$90,000 to $99,999	830	475	355	50	45	5
$100,000 and over	5,120	3,445	1,675	165	120	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	35,805	16,440	19,370	2,470	1,260	1,210
Without employment income	14,765	5,965	8,800	710	315	395
With employment income	21,040	10,475	10,570	1,755	940	810
Percentage with employment income	58.8	63.7	54.6	71.1	74.6	66.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,720	2,110	2,605	300	155	135
$5,000 to $9,999	1,720	750	975	95	40	50
$10,000 to $19,999	2,600	1,190	1,415	185	85	100
$20,000 to $29,999	1,870	780	1,085	155	75	85
$30,000 to $39,999	1,460	600	860	165	70	95
$40,000 to $49,999	1,175	500	670	125	45	80
$50,000 to $59,999	970	440	530	140	70	70
$60,000 to $69,999	865	410	450	105	60	45
$70,000 to $79,999	740	345	395	110	65	40
$80,000 and over	4,925	3,345	1,580	380	275	110
$80,000 to $89,999	570	270	300	85	55	30
$90,000 to $99,999	445	235	215	85	55	35
$100,000 and over	3,905	2,840	1,070	215	170	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	16,930	...	...	1,195	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	89,808	...	...	96,939	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,687	...	...	81,664	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,650	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,237	...	...	52,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,897	...	...	44,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	12,285	...	...	935	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	122,099	...	...	111,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,317	...	...	94,208	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	16,935	...	...	1,195	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	196,133	...	...	115,142	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	142,717	...	...	94,711	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,660	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	79,188	...	...	57,671	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	60,706	...	...	47,965	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	12,270	...	...	935	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	240,585	...	...	131,154	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	173,891	...	...	107,734	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	16,935	...	...	1,195	...	...
Under $5,000	520	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	275	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	365	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	650	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	615	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	580	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	550	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	575	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	545	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	545	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	900	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	865	...	...	80	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	785	...	...	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	705	...	...	75	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	625	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,830	...	...	570	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,300	...	...	160	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,065	...	...	110	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,545	...	...	150	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,920	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,930	...	...	1,195	...	...
Under $5,000	660	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	280	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	375	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	665	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	720	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	685	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	670	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	650	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	615	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	650	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,030	...	...	100	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	925	...	...	115	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	825	...	...	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	770	...	...	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	655	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,745	...	...	445	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,420	...	...	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,105	...	...	100	...	...
$150,000 and over	4,220	...	...	175	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	12,140	...	...	920	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	120,893	...	...	110,763	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,286	...	...	93,355	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,765	...	...	520	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	123,392	...	...	98,219	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	103,030	...	...	83,392	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,535	...	...	320	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,160	...	...	140,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,309	...	...	120,960	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,590	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,576	...	...	78,080	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,386	...	...	67,328	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	12,170	...	...	930	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	239,506	...	...	130,575	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	172,994	...	...	107,185	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,750	...	...	525	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	243,848	...	...	118,636	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	176,157	...	...	98,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,535	...	...	325	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	270,565	...	...	158,626	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	194,219	...	...	128,436	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,600	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	134,778	...	...	89,872	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	100,856	...	...	75,597	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,610	1,800	3,810	305	180	120
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,946	41,728	37,920	48,640	52,864	43,392
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,450	36,181	34,018	41,728	45,312	36,224
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,600	1,860	3,740	305	165	135
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	72,496	103,453	57,110	54,214	56,914	50,899
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	55,544	73,976	46,382	45,268	47,463	42,574
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	41,680	19,495	22,185	2,780	1,415	1,365
In the bottom half of the distribution	16,480	7,255	9,225	800	410	385
In the bottom decile	5,910	2,670	3,245	75	40	35
In the second decile	3,485	1,460	2,025	120	65	55
In the third decile	2,550	1,100	1,450	165	85	80
In the fourth decile	2,220	980	1,245	205	105	105
In the fifth decile	2,310	1,050	1,260	235	125	110
In the top half of the distribution	25,200	12,235	12,965	1,980	1,005	975
In the sixth decile	2,255	1,025	1,235	255	120	135
In the seventh decile	2,490	1,165	1,325	325	165	160
In the eighth decile	3,005	1,420	1,585	365	185	185
In the ninth decile	4,340	2,100	2,245	470	235	235
In the top decile	13,110	6,525	6,575	565	295	270
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	41,680	19,490	22,190	2,780	1,415	1,370
0 to 17 years	7,850	4,025	3,825	400	200	205
0 to 5 years	1,505	760	745	135	75	60
18 to 64 years	22,780	10,440	12,335	1,720	865	860
65 years and over	11,050	5,025	6,030	660	355	305
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,625	3,395	4,225	125	60	60
0 to 17 years	1,895	980	915	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	345	185	160	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,485	1,905	2,575	70	35	35
65 years and over	1,245	510	740	40	25	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.3	17.4	19.0	4.5	4.2	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	24.1	24.3	23.9	3.8	2.5	4.9
0 to 5 years (%)	22.9	24.3	21.5	3.7	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	19.7	18.2	20.9	4.1	4.0	4.1
65 years and over (%)	11.3	10.1	12.3	6.1	7.0	4.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,460	2,865	3,600	30	15	15
0 to 17 years	1,675	865	810	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	285	160	130	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,905	1,640	2,265	25	20	10
65 years and over	885	360	525	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	15.5	14.7	16.2	1.1	1.1	1.1
0 to 17 years (%)	21.3	21.5	21.2	1.3	0.0	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	18.9	21.1	17.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	17.1	15.7	18.4	1.5	2.3	1.2
65 years and over (%)	8.0	7.2	8.7	0.0	0.0	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	41,680	19,490	22,185	2,780	1,415	1,365
Official languages	40,060	18,730	21,330	2,780	1,415	1,360
English	40,030	18,715	21,315	2,760	1,405	1,355
French	4,760	2,010	2,755	310	145	170
Non-official languages	18,515	8,275	10,240	235	115	120
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	18,515	8,275	10,240	235	115	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	285	150	130	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	280	145	135	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	220	115	100	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	65	30	30	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	495	100	395	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	55	15	40	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	430	75	350	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,480	4,415	5,060	155	85	75
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	100	40	60	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,115	470	645	35	0	30
Baltic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,100	470	630	35	10	30
Belarusan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	75	25	45	0	0	0
Czech	130	55	75	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	275	110	160	20	0	20
Russian	415	195	215	0	0	0
Serbian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	75	20	50	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	135	75	65	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,000	855	1,145	65	45	20
Afrikaans	210	115	90	0	0	0
Danish	105	45	65	20	15	10
Dutch	255	115	140	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,350	560	795	40	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Swedish	115	55	60	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	95	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,645	2,225	2,420	0	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	540	230	315	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	190	70	125	0	0	0
Hindi	110	50	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	135	60	75	0	0	0
Sindhi	115	40	70	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	80	40	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,115	2,000	2,120	10	0	0
Kurdish	35	25	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,120	2,000	2,120	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,060	1,000	1,065	60	35	25
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	645	285	365	35	20	15
Portuguese	145	85	65	10	10	0
Romanian	100	45	60	0	0	0
Spanish	1,305	650	655	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	465	170	295	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	835	345	485	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	55	30	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	0	15	10	0	10
American Sign Language	20	10	15	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	6,990	3,105	3,890	0	0	0
Chinese languages	6,990	3,105	3,890	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,325	580	750	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	6,000	2,690	3,305	0	0	0
Min Dong	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	185	80	105	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	65	20	40	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	115	35	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	325	180	140	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	75	45	30	0	0	0
Turkish	245	130	115	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	175	75	100	75	35	40
Estonian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Finnish	50	10	40	70	30	45
Hungarian	95	40	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	41,680	19,495	22,190	2,780	1,415	1,365
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	35,145	16,395	18,745	2,740	1,390	1,350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,275	3,190	3,085	405	205	200
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	28,870	13,205	15,665	2,335	1,190	1,150
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	6,540	3,095	3,440	40	30	15
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	41,680	19,490	22,190	2,785	1,415	1,370
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	21,765	10,555	11,205	2,560	1,295	1,270
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	18,610	8,365	10,245	215	120	90
Before 1981	5,375	2,270	3,100	170	100	75
1981 to 1990	1,730	795	930	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	3,270	1,505	1,765	10	10	10
2001 to 2010	5,295	2,390	2,915	15	10	0
2001 to 2005	2,105	940	1,165	10	10	10
2006 to 2010	3,195	1,450	1,745	0	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,940	1,405	1,535	10	10	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,300	570	735	10	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	18,610	8,370	10,245	215	120	95
Under 5 years	1,755	850	905	70	30	35
5 to 14 years	2,890	1,415	1,475	40	25	15
15 to 24 years	3,310	1,365	1,945	55	35	20
25 to 44 years	8,315	3,515	4,795	55	20	30
45 years and over	2,345	1,220	1,120	0	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	18,610	8,370	10,245	215	120	95
Americas	1,220	600	615	30	10	15
Brazil	30	10	15	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mexico	140	65	75	0	0	0
Peru	30	15	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	815	415	405	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Americas	150	80	65	0	0	0
Europe	5,140	2,250	2,895	180	105	80
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	15	10	0	0	0
Croatia	25	0	20	0	0	0
France	110	50	55	0	0	0
Germany	515	185	330	25	10	15
Greece	25	20	10	0	0	0
Hungary	65	30	35	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	115	55	60	0	0	0
Italy	195	100	100	30	15	15
Netherlands	160	80	75	10	0	0
Poland	255	110	145	0	0	0
Portugal	30	10	20	0	10	0
Romania	60	25	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	105	50	55	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	130	60	70	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,515	1,140	1,375	25	20	10
Other places of birth in Europe	795	305	490	85	45	40
Africa	875	395	480	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	60	35	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	135	70	60	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	410	195	210	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	255	90	165	0	0	0
Asia	11,070	4,970	6,095	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	4,365	1,950	2,415	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	655	285	370	0	0	0
India	205	100	105	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	3,630	1,765	1,870	0	0	0
Iraq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Japan	180	50	135	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	565	230	340	0	0	0
Lebanon	60	30	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	75	45	30	0	0	0
Philippines	330	80	250	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	15	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	375	155	220	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	505	230	275	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	315	155	165	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,940	1,405	1,535	10	0	0
Americas	180	100	80	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	140	90	50	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	275	130	140	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	10	15	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	20	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	90	50	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	75	35	40	0	0	0
Africa	45	20	25	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	2,390	1,130	1,265	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,305	620	690	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	40	25	15	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	770	400	370	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	105	25	85	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	40	15	20	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Australia	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	41,680	19,495	22,185	2,785	1,415	1,365
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	20,500	9,255	11,250	225	125	95
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	9,225	4,455	4,780	575	265	300
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	11,950	5,785	6,160	1,985	1,020	965
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	13,420	6,180	7,240	45	25	30
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10,885	5,100	5,785	10	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,780	2,560	1,220	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	7,105	2,545	4,565	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,955	780	1,180	20	10	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	410	210	195	10	10	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	170	90	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	41,680	19,490	22,190	2,780	1,415	1,365
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	240	115	125	135	55	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	220	95	125	130	55	80
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	115	50	65	55	20	35
Métis	105	50	60	80	40	45
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	41,440	19,380	22,060	2,650	1,360	1,285
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	41,680	19,490	22,190	2,780	1,415	1,365
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	55	10	45	50	15	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	41,625	19,480	22,145	2,730	1,400	1,335
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	41,680	19,490	22,190	2,785	1,415	1,370
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	30	20	0	30	15	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25	20	0	30	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	15	10	25	15	10
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	435	200	235	140	55	85
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	435	195	230	135	60	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	290	130	165	45	10	25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	70	65	90	45	50
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	41,215	19,270	21,950	2,605	1,345	1,265
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	41,680	19,490	22,190	2,780	1,415	1,370
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	15,155	6,845	8,310	15	10	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	975	485	485	0	0	0
Chinese	7,680	3,435	4,245	0	0	0
Black	90	55	35	0	0	0
Filipino	550	130	415	0	0	0
Latin American	240	120	120	0	0	0
Arab	220	115	110	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	110	45	65	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	3,695	1,785	1,910	0	0	0
Korean	910	385	525	0	0	0
Japanese	380	150	230	0	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	65	25	40	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	245	110	130	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	26,530	12,645	13,885	2,765	1,405	1,360
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	41,680	19,490	22,190	2,780	1,415	1,365
North American Aboriginal origins	465	220	245	170	70	100
First Nations (North American Indian)	320	145	175	75	25	50
Inuit	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis	150	75	70	105	40	65
Other North American origins	5,840	2,805	3,040	675	370	310
Acadian	10	10	10	0	0	0
American	760	330	435	25	15	0
Canadian	5,300	2,555	2,750	655	360	300
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	25,070	11,855	13,220	2,530	1,275	1,260
British Isles origins	17,835	8,610	9,225	1,500	730	775
Channel Islander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	11,750	5,685	6,070	975	435	535
Irish	5,895	2,775	3,125	570	270	300
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	7,540	3,580	3,965	705	320	390
Welsh	1,060	500	560	25	20	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,500	720	775	40	35	0
French origins	2,315	1,110	1,200	545	265	285
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,315	1,110	1,205	545	265	285
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,585	2,545	3,040	470	230	240
Austrian	495	230	260	25	15	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	225	85	140	15	0	15
Dutch	1,150	480	665	90	45	50
Flemish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,865	1,845	2,020	365	175	195
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	425	170	255	25	10	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,675	1,265	1,415	660	350	315
Danish	545	290	255	80	60	15
Finnish	190	60	125	375	200	180
Icelandic	220	115	100	30	20	10
Norwegian	970	445	525	105	45	60
Swedish	930	395	540	150	70	80
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	90	60	30	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,720	2,175	2,545	610	295	315
Bulgarian	65	25	35	0	0	0
Byelorussian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	285	130	155	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	120	85	35	10	10	10
Hungarian	335	180	155	25	15	10
Latvian	85	55	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	95	50	50	10	10	0
Moldovan	35	15	25	0	0	0
Polish	1,395	620	770	185	80	105
Romanian	290	145	150	15	0	10
Russian	1,090	475	615	25	15	15
Slovak	190	90	100	50	30	25
Ukrainian	1,475	665	815	380	190	190
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	40	25	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,990	1,460	1,530	385	210	175
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	250	135	115	10	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	365	175	190	20	20	0
Italian	1,580	765	810	320	180	140
Kosovar	0	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	25	20	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	275	130	140	25	10	15
Serbian	115	60	55	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	65	30	30	20	15	0
Spanish	440	190	245	15	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	300	155	140	10	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	195	105	90	0	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	85	45	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	140	80	55	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	65	50	20	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	495	245	250	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Chilean	65	35	30	0	0	0
Colombian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	255	130	125	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	20	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	660	325	340	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	180	90	85	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	125	70	55	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	10	25	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	405	190	220	0	0	0
Afrikaner	15	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	315	145	170	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	80	50	30	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	70	40	25	0	0	0
Asian origins	15,850	7,185	8,665	20	20	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	4,965	2,425	2,540	10	10	0
Afghan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Armenian	155	80	75	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	40	30	10	0	0	0
Georgian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	4,325	2,090	2,235	0	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Israeli	45	30	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	145	80	70	10	10	0
Palestinian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	185	100	80	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	40	15	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,080	520	555	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	975	465	510	0	0	0
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	65	40	25	0	0	0
Punjabi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	50	25	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	9,930	4,290	5,640	15	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	7,720	3,465	4,260	10	0	0
Filipino	570	125	440	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	520	225	290	0	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	930	400	530	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	50	20	35	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwanese	300	140	165	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	350	140	210	15	0	0
Australian	260	115	150	0	0	0
New Zealander	95	30	65	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	16,930	...	...	1,195	...	...
Owner	12,675	...	...	1,150	...	...
Renter	4,260	...	...	45	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	16,935	...	...	1,200	...	...
Condominium	3,325	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	13,610	...	...	1,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	16,935	...	...	1,195	...	...
No bedrooms	280	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	2,475	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,515	...	...	320	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,710	...	...	525	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,960	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	16,930	...	...	1,200	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,685	...	...	195	...	...
5 rooms	1,740	...	...	205	...	...
6 rooms	1,645	...	...	205	...	...
7 rooms	1,750	...	...	180	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,115	...	...	410	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	16,935	...	...	1,195	...	...
One person or fewer per room	16,650	...	...	1,195	...	...
More than 1 person per room	280	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	16,935	...	...	1,195	...	...
Suitable	16,340	...	...	1,180	...	...
Not suitable	590	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	16,935	...	...	1,195	...	...
1960 or before	4,020	...	...	290	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,970	...	...	370	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,340	...	...	135	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,960	...	...	205	...	...
2001 to 2005	785	...	...	60	...	...
2006 to 2010	980	...	...	75	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	880	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	16,935	...	...	1,195	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	16,045	...	...	1,105	...	...
Major repairs needed	890	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	16,935	...	...	1,195	...	...
1 household maintainer	10,950	...	...	655	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,720	...	...	525	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	265	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	16,935	...	...	1,195	...	...
15 to 24 years	125	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	530	...	...	75	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,800	...	...	145	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,635	...	...	185	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,595	...	...	370	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,410	...	...	260	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,465	...	...	110	...	...
85 years and over	1,380	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	16,825	...	...	1,195	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,480	...	...	1,055	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,345	...	...	140	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,385	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,675	...	...	1,150	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	43.8	...	...	46.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	31.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,352	...	...	794	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	2,335	...	...	1,089	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	2,304,818	...	...	348,325	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	2,456,840	...	...	412,896	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,260	...	...	45	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	57.9	...	...	55.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,589	...	...	732	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,907	...	...	1,032	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	35,805	16,450	19,355	2,470	1,260	1,210
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,205	1,485	1,720	365	180	180
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,155	3,440	4,715	475	240	235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,445	11,525	12,920	1,630	835	795
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,280	750	535	290	250	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	635	270	365	80	70	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	650	480	170	210	180	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,880	1,710	3,170	675	295	380
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,585	655	930	80	40	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,690	8,410	8,285	590	255	335
Bachelor's degree	9,690	4,450	5,240	410	155	250
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,315	675	640	30	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,095	695	405	25	20	10
Master's degree	3,930	2,165	1,765	75	30	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	660	425	240	50	30	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	19,455	8,850	10,605	1,540	770	770
No certificate, diploma or degree	445	240	205	110	70	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,325	1,475	1,840	265	150	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,685	7,135	8,555	1,165	550	610
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	625	385	235	180	145	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	315	150	160	45	30	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	310	240	75	135	110	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,815	1,015	1,795	485	195	290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	940	400	540	50	25	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,315	5,330	5,985	455	185	270
Bachelor's degree	6,625	2,850	3,775	310	125	185
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	795	410	390	30	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	775	430	345	15	0	10
Master's degree	2,725	1,410	1,315	60	25	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	390	220	165	40	25	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	35,805	16,450	19,355	2,475	1,265	1,210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	11,360	4,925	6,430	840	425	415
Education	1,570	280	1,290	130	35	95
13. Education	1,565	280	1,290	130	35	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,265	390	870	45	35	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	70	20	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,170	320	855	30	15	10
Humanities	1,930	545	1,385	80	35	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	325	60	265	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	600	135	470	15	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	530	155	375	25	20	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	40	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	20	0	0	0
54. History	260	130	130	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	90	0	85	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,720	1,585	2,135	135	40	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	15	45	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	260	65	190	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	345	35	315	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	990	580	410	15	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	15	35	15	0	10
42. Psychology	515	115	400	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	1,500	760	740	55	30	25
Business, management and public administration	6,200	3,175	3,025	360	120	240
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	150	20	125	55	10	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,045	3,145	2,900	310	110	195
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,285	745	540	45	20	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	510	260	250	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	220	115	105	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	525	365	155	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	20	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	855	445	410	10	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	535	325	215	0	0	0
25. Library science	90	10	85	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	215	115	100	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,425	2,900	520	410	385	25
04. Architecture and related services	435	280	155	10	0	0
14. Engineering	1,940	1,660	280	45	45	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	345	295	45	85	75	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	335	310	25	65	70	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	235	225	10	145	140	0
48. Precision production	130	120	0	55	55	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	285	160	125	65	40	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	150	85	65	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	75	65	50	35	20
Health and related fields	3,335	1,030	2,310	265	55	210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	260	85	175	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,645	645	1,995	240	45	195
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	430	295	130	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	580	270	305	90	55	30
12. Personal and culinary services	380	110	270	30	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0	25	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	170	135	35	40	35	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	19,455	8,855	10,600	1,540	770	765
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,770	1,720	2,045	375	220	160
Education	815	145	670	75	25	45
13. Education	810	145	670	75	25	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	870	265	600	20	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	50	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	815	215	600	15	10	0
Humanities	1,175	335	840	50	15	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	180	30	155	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	370	85	285	10	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	325	90	230	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	30	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0	0	0
54. History	150	85	65	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	50	0	55	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,495	995	1,505	110	25	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	190	50	140	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	190	25	165	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	640	310	325	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	10	10	0	10
42. Psychology	315	65	255	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,090	525	570	50	20	25
Business, management and public administration	4,290	2,080	2,210	240	65	175
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	15	80	40	10	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,205	2,065	2,135	205	65	140
Physical and life sciences and technologies	865	465	400	40	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	385	190	195	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145	85	65	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	335	195	135	10	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	635	370	260	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	455	280	175	0	0	0
25. Library science	45	10	40	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	125	80	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,045	1,595	445	285	270	20
04. Architecture and related services	285	150	135	10	10	0
14. Engineering	1,145	905	240	35	35	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	210	170	40	60	50	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	220	200	15	55	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	130	10	90	80	0
48. Precision production	45	40	10	40	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	185	90	95	50	40	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	50	45	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	35	50	40	35	10
Health and related fields	1,975	640	1,335	220	45	175
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	180	50	130	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	1,495	405	1,090	195	30	165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	305	190	115	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	345	145	200	60	35	25
12. Personal and culinary services	250	75	170	25	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	15	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	60	20	25	25	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	35,805	16,450	19,355	2,470	1,260	1,210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,360	4,925	6,435	840	425	415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	24,445	11,525	12,920	1,630	835	800
Location of study inside Canada	14,635	6,885	7,755	1,555	795	760
Same as province or territory of residence	10,100	4,620	5,485	1,475	755	720
Different than province or territory of residence	4,535	2,270	2,270	80	40	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	9,805	4,640	5,170	75	40	40
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,575	845	730	40	20	20
Philippines	245	35	210	0	0	0
India	65	30	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,730	935	795	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,810	770	1,035	0	0	0
France	110	35	65	0	0	0
Other	4,280	1,980	2,300	30	10	20
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	19,455	8,850	10,605	1,535	770	770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,765	1,715	2,045	375	220	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15,685	7,130	8,555	1,165	550	610
Location of study inside Canada	9,290	4,305	4,980	1,125	530	595
Same as province or territory of residence	6,620	2,945	3,680	1,065	500	565
Different than province or territory of residence	2,660	1,360	1,305	55	30	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,400	2,830	3,575	40	20	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	870	465	405	25	10	20
Philippines	205	20	190	0	0	0
India	45	20	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	720	395	320	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,710	725	985	0	0	0
France	85	35	50	0	0	0
Other	2,770	1,175	1,600	15	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	35,805	16,450	19,355	2,470	1,260	1,210
In the labour force	18,540	9,940	8,605	1,420	745	680
Employed	17,515	9,400	8,120	1,330	685	645
Unemployed	1,020	540	485	90	55	35
Not in the labour force	17,265	6,515	10,750	1,050	520	530
Participation rate	51.8	60.4	44.5	57.5	59.1	56.2
Employment rate	48.9	57.1	42.0	53.8	54.4	53.3
Unemployment rate	5.5	5.4	5.6	6.3	7.4	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	35,805	16,450	19,350	2,470	1,260	1,210
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	15,835	5,850	9,980	865	405	460
Worked	19,970	10,600	9,370	1,600	855	750
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	7,585	4,555	3,035	790	435	355
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	12,380	6,050	6,335	815	420	395
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.6	40.7	38.2	40.8	40.0	41.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	18,540	9,935	8,605	1,420	740	680
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	345	140	200	0	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	18,200	9,795	8,400	1,415	740	680
Employee	12,430	6,225	6,205	1,225	620	600
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,765	3,570	2,195	190	115	70
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	18,540	9,935	8,605	1,420	740	680
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	345	145	200	10	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	18,195	9,790	8,400	1,410	740	675
0 Management occupations	3,825	2,685	1,145	205	120	85
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,590	1,520	2,065	220	55	165
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,420	1,090	325	85	65	10
3 Health occupations	1,315	575	740	140	20	120
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,455	975	1,480	210	75	135
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,150	475	680	45	10	35
6 Sales and service occupations	3,400	1,600	1,800	200	80	115
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	715	655	65	260	245	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	210	155	60	30	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	120	70	50	30	30	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	18,540	9,940	8,605	1,420	740	680
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	345	145	200	0	10	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	18,195	9,795	8,400	1,410	735	675
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	110	85	25	30	25	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	200	140	55	45	35	10
22 Utilities	65	40	20	15	10	0
23 Construction	1,035	885	150	175	140	30
31-33 Manufacturing	580	385	200	75	65	15
41 Wholesale trade	670	450	220	45	40	10
44-45 Retail trade	1,655	770	885	135	60	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	440	300	140	80	60	20
51 Information and cultural industries	615	385	225	15	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,385	875	505	30	10	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,280	730	550	35	20	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,395	2,050	1,350	55	25	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	95	60	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	630	345	280	20	15	0
61 Educational services	1,390	415	970	170	60	115
62 Health care and social assistance	1,960	740	1,220	230	30	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	475	205	270	25	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	1,065	470	600	95	50	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	685	200	480	50	20	25
91 Public administration	475	260	220	90	55	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	17,515	9,395	8,115	1,330	685	645
Worked at home	3,725	1,850	1,880	45	20	30
Worked outside Canada	555	425	130	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,635	985	655	160	115	45
Worked at usual place	11,600	6,140	5,455	1,125	550	570
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	11,600	6,145	5,460	1,125	550	570
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,840	1,100	1,735	60	30	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,480	4,880	3,595	1,010	485	525
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	160	90	65	50	30	15
Commute to a different province or territory	125	75	50	10	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	13,240	7,125	6,110	1,280	665	620
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,910	5,650	4,260	1,175	610	565
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	625	190	435	60	20	35
Public transit	1,535	685	845	0	0	0
Walked	675	290	385	0	0	0
Bicycle	225	175	50	0	0	0
Other method	265	135	125	40	30	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	13,235	7,125	6,110	1,280	665	620
Less than 15 minutes	2,950	1,240	1,705	180	110	70
15 to 29 minutes	4,755	2,785	1,975	585	285	300
30 to 44 minutes	3,370	1,795	1,575	365	175	190
45 to 59 minutes	1,260	740	515	65	30	35
60 minutes and over	900	565	335	85	60	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	13,235	7,125	6,105	1,285	665	620
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	390	255	135	70	55	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,395	950	440	185	115	70
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,435	2,070	1,365	485	270	215
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,880	1,905	1,975	295	85	210
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,985	1,365	1,620	115	50	65
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,155	580	580	135	90	45
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	20,645	10,900	9,745	1,650	865	780
Single responses	19,985	10,530	9,460	1,650	865	780
Official languages	18,965	9,895	9,070	1,645	870	780
English	18,910	9,900	9,010	1,630	860	765
French	55	0	55	15	10	0
Non-official languages	1,025	630	390	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,025	630	390	0	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	195	135	65	10	0	0
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	150	110	45	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	150	105	45	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	150	105	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	755	470	280	0	0	0
Chinese languages	750	470	280	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	10	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	695	450	245	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	655	370	290	0	0	0
English and French	60	30	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	595	345	260	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	20,645	10,900	9,750	1,650	870	780
None	18,730	9,880	8,845	1,580	835	745
English	395	205	190	20	10	10
French	250	125	125	35	15	20
Non-official language	1,230	655	580	10	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,235	650	580	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	30	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	41,490	19,405	22,085	2,765	1,415	1,350
Non-movers	35,370	16,415	18,950	2,475	1,260	1,215
Movers	6,125	2,990	3,135	295	155	135
Non-migrants	3,355	1,650	1,705	85	50	40
Migrants	2,770	1,340	1,430	210	110	100
Internal migrants	1,510	710	805	210	105	100
Intraprovincial migrants	1,135	490	640	180	95	80
Interprovincial migrants	375	215	160	25	10	15
External migrants	1,260	630	630	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	40,525	18,905	21,620	2,680	1,375	1,310
Non-movers	23,360	10,735	12,625	2,015	1,020	990
Movers	17,160	8,170	8,990	670	350	320
Non-migrants	8,485	4,050	4,435	215	105	105
Migrants	8,680	4,120	4,555	455	240	210
Internal migrants	4,315	2,060	2,255	455	245	215
Intraprovincial migrants	3,565	1,695	1,875	430	230	200
Interprovincial migrants	750	370	375	25	15	10
External migrants	4,365	2,060	2,305	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. West Vancouver, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Shuniah, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Vancouver, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Shuniah, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census West Vancouver, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Shuniah, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Vancouver, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Shuniah, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario