Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pitt Meadows, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sudbury, District [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Pitt Meadows, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Sudbury, DIS Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Pitt Meadows, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Pitt Meadows, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Sudbury, District [Census division], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	18,573	...	...	21,546	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	17,736	...	...	21,196	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	7,356	...	...	12,557	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	7,194	...	...	9,375	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	214.7	...	...	0.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	86.51	...	...	40,204.77	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	18,570	9,045	9,525	21,550	10,975	10,570
0 to 14 years	3,170	1,655	1,520	2,925	1,510	1,425
0 to 4 years	1,025	530	495	935	495	440
5 to 9 years	1,135	610	520	975	500	475
10 to 14 years	1,010	515	495	1,015	510	505
15 to 64 years	12,470	6,075	6,400	13,980	7,045	6,945
15 to 19 years	1,065	550	515	1,125	580	550
20 to 24 years	995	480	515	955	485	475
25 to 29 years	1,045	525	525	940	495	445
30 to 34 years	1,170	575	600	1,015	505	510
35 to 39 years	1,250	620	625	1,030	495	535
40 to 44 years	1,255	590	665	1,190	605	585
45 to 49 years	1,400	665	735	1,420	710	710
50 to 54 years	1,555	760	800	1,970	970	1,000
55 to 59 years	1,570	775	800	2,250	1,150	1,105
60 to 64 years	1,160	535	620	2,085	1,045	1,035
65 years and over	2,925	1,315	1,610	4,635	2,425	2,205
65 to 69 years	995	460	535	1,855	1,000	855
70 to 74 years	770	375	400	1,160	625	535
75 to 79 years	525	230	295	820	450	370
80 to 84 years	340	135	210	470	225	245
85 years and over	295	115	175	330	130	205
85 to 89 years	195	85	110	225	95	135
90 to 94 years	85	30	55	95	30	65
95 to 99 years	20	5	10	10	5	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	18.3	16.0	13.6	13.8	13.5
15 to 64 years	67.2	67.2	67.2	64.9	64.2	65.7
65 years and over	15.8	14.5	16.9	21.5	22.1	20.9
85 years and over	1.6	1.3	1.8	1.5	1.2	1.9
Average age of the population	41.0	39.9	42.0	45.6	45.6	45.7
Median age of the population	42.3	41.0	43.5	50.4	50.6	50.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	7,195	...	...	9,375	...	...
Single-detached house	3,065	...	...	8,165	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	150	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,800	...	...	1,080	...	...
Semi-detached house	185	...	...	185	...	...
Row house	1,310	...	...	135	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	675	...	...	160	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,630	...	...	570	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	175	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	7,195	...	...	9,375	...	...
1 person	1,630	...	...	2,480	...	...
2 persons	2,570	...	...	4,125	...	...
3 persons	1,210	...	...	1,300	...	...
4 persons	1,185	...	...	980	...	...
5 or more persons	595	...	...	495	...	...
Number of persons in private households	18,445	...	...	21,245	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	15,405	7,395	8,010	18,620	9,470	9,145
Married or living common law	9,655	4,830	4,825	12,065	6,030	6,030
Married	8,260	4,135	4,125	9,610	4,810	4,805
Living common law	1,390	695	700	2,450	1,225	1,230
Not married and not living common law	5,750	2,560	3,185	6,550	3,440	3,115
Never married	3,565	1,915	1,645	3,785	2,200	1,585
Separated	460	170	285	630	350	275
Divorced	945	315	625	985	555	425
Widowed	785	160	620	1,155	330	825
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,560	...	...	6,790	...	...
2 persons	2,760	...	...	4,275	...	...
3 persons	1,255	...	...	1,245	...	...
4 persons	1,170	...	...	905	...	...
5 or more persons	375	...	...	365	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,555	...	...	6,790	...	...
Total couple families	4,745	...	...	5,935	...	...
Married couples	4,045	...	...	4,710	...	...
Common-law couples	695	...	...	1,225	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	815	...	...	855	...	...
Female parent	640	...	...	625	...	...
Male parent	175	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,745	...	...	5,935	...	...
Couples without children	2,210	...	...	3,730	...	...
Couples with children	2,530	...	...	2,200	...	...
1 child	1,040	...	...	1,010	...	...
2 children	1,130	...	...	850	...	...
3 or more children	365	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	815	...	...	855	...	...
1 child	545	...	...	545	...	...
2 children	220	...	...	225	...	...
3 or more children	50	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,520	1,110	1,405	3,375	1,880	1,490
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	7,195	...	...	9,375	...	...
One-census-family households	5,175	...	...	6,515	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,050	...	...	3,620	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,125	...	...	2,895	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	185	...	...	135	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,830	...	...	2,725	...	...
One-person households	1,625	...	...	2,480	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	200	...	...	240	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	18,565	9,040	9,525	21,440	10,945	10,495
English only	16,910	8,355	8,560	13,940	7,160	6,775
French only	5	0	0	270	130	145
English and French	1,425	575	850	7,190	3,630	3,555
Neither English nor French	230	115	110	40	25	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	18,565	9,045	9,520	21,440	10,940	10,495
English	18,090	8,805	9,285	16,190	8,230	7,965
French	190	95	95	5,140	2,665	2,480
English and French	65	30	40	65	35	30
Neither English nor French	225	110	115	40	20	20
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	220	110	110	5,175	2,680	2,500
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.2	1.2	24.1	24.5	23.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	18,570	9,045	9,525	21,440	10,945	10,495
Single responses	18,195	8,870	9,325	21,085	10,775	10,310
Official languages	14,855	7,280	7,575	20,305	10,380	9,930
English	14,640	7,180	7,465	15,025	7,645	7,380
French	215	105	110	5,280	2,735	2,545
Non-official languages	3,335	1,590	1,750	780	395	385
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	75	35	45
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	75	35	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	70	25	45
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	70	25	40
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,335	1,590	1,745	700	360	340
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	35	35	10	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	40	40	15	10	10
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	65	40	30	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	400	185	215	20	0	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	15	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	325	145	180	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	15	15	5	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	5	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,030	995	1,035	515	280	235
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	425	205	215	130	70	60
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	425	205	215	125	65	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Croatian	40	20	20	5	10	5
Czech	25	5	15	0	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	120	60	65	75	40	35
Russian	150	75	70	5	5	0
Serbian	20	5	10	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	30	15	15	25	5	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	185	200	260	140	110
Afrikaans	25	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	120	65	60	45	25	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	205	90	115	205	115	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	15	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	675	330	345	40	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	480	240	245	40	15	25
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	5	10	5	10
Hindi	40	20	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	400	200	205	10	5	5
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	10	5	5
Iranian languages	200	95	100	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	190	95	95	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	525	260	260	90	50	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	100	45	55	50	25	25
Portuguese	95	40	50	20	20	5
Romanian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Spanish	225	120	100	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	35	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	230	110	120	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	10	0	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	5	10	5	5
American Sign Language	5	5	5	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	380	165	220	30	15	20
Chinese languages	370	160	210	30	15	15
Cantonese	170	75	95	15	5	10
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	165	65	95	10	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	35	35	85	45	40
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	15	75	35	40
Hungarian	40	25	20	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	375	170	200	355	170	185
English and French	60	25	35	285	140	145
English and non-official language	295	135	160	60	25	30
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	18,565	9,045	9,525	21,440	10,945	10,495
Single responses	17,795	8,665	9,125	21,090	10,770	10,315
Official languages	16,340	7,945	8,390	20,800	10,620	10,180
English	16,295	7,930	8,370	17,860	9,145	8,715
French	45	20	20	2,940	1,475	1,465
Non-official languages	1,455	715	735	285	150	135
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455	720	735	275	145	130
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	20	15	10	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	75	85	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	60	75	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Kannada	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	775	390	385	215	115	95
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	90	90	45	25	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	180	90	90	45	25	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	20	20	35	20	15
Russian	105	50	50	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	20	25	120	70	50
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	115	70	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	360	180	180	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	245	120	125	20	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	5	5	5	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	230	115	115	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	5	0	5
Iranian languages	115	60	55	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	115	60	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	95	80	20	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	10	5	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	10	10	5	5
Romanian	50	20	20	0	0	0
Spanish	90	55	35	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	165	80	85	20	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	235	105	130	10	5	5
Chinese languages	230	105	125	10	5	5
Cantonese	110	50	60	5	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	50	55	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	5	15	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	770	380	395	350	175	180
English and French	35	15	15	255	125	130
English and non-official language	710	345	365	90	45	50
French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	18,565	9,040	9,520	21,440	10,940	10,495
None	16,685	8,185	8,500	17,910	9,190	8,725
English	660	320	345	1,520	765	755
French	195	80	120	1,730	860	870
Non-official language	990	450	545	265	125	140
Aboriginal	0	0	0	70	30	40
Non-Aboriginal	985	450	540	190	95	100
English and French	5	5	5	10	0	5
English and non-official language	15	10	5	5	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	5	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,275	7,360	7,915	18,330	9,335	8,995
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,720	7,115	7,605	17,635	9,070	8,570
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,768	50,793	31,715	32,816	43,004	23,738
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,745	7,135	7,610	17,650	9,070	8,575
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,107	43,294	29,066	30,224	38,660	22,470
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,670	6,710	6,960	15,170	8,030	7,140
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,976	50,061	28,883	29,723	40,546	20,384
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,525	3,750	5,775	13,035	6,275	6,765
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,594	4,424	4,678	8,751	10,776	7,817
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,760	5,935	5,820	12,065	6,600	5,465
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,951	52,145	30,848	29,470	40,154	22,592
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	15,260	7,345	7,920	18,325	9,325	8,995
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,675	7,065	7,610	17,630	9,075	8,555
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,080	59,446	39,459	41,950	51,099	32,246
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,700	7,085	7,615	17,640	9,075	8,565
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,776	48,002	34,053	35,669	42,693	28,225
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,660	6,675	6,990	15,180	8,060	7,120
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,577	58,773	36,883	40,388	49,389	30,207
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,510	3,710	5,790	13,030	6,310	6,725
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,407	7,479	7,361	9,696	10,415	9,021
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,750	5,870	5,875	12,065	6,570	5,490
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,740	58,626	36,865	40,269	47,825	31,228
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	15,265	7,340	7,920	18,325	9,330	9,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,805	3,310	2,495	5,160	3,015	2,145
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	59,485	67,865	48,965	56,838	65,407	45,258
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	66,767	75,105	55,712	60,388	67,703	50,084
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.2	93.2	85.8	82.5	85.4	77.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.8	81.5	72.5	65.1	67.2	61.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.8	6.7	14.2	17.5	14.5	22.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	15,280	7,360	7,915	18,330	9,335	8,995
Without total income	555	245	310	690	255	430
With total income	14,720	7,115	7,610	17,640	9,075	8,565
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.7	96.1	96.2	97.2	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,865	740	1,120	2,570	860	1,710
$10,000 to $19,999	2,165	770	1,400	3,205	1,235	1,970
$20,000 to $29,999	1,775	655	1,120	2,420	1,025	1,395
$30,000 to $39,999	1,590	665	925	2,115	1,095	1,015
$40,000 to $49,999	1,520	665	860	1,805	1,015	785
$50,000 to $59,999	1,330	635	690	1,425	865	560
$60,000 to $69,999	1,090	635	460	1,100	750	350
$70,000 to $79,999	875	555	320	760	535	225
$80,000 to $89,999	730	455	275	625	425	200
$90,000 to $99,999	460	315	145	520	360	155
$100,000 and over	1,315	1,020	300	1,105	910	195
$100,000 to $149,999	985	750	230	890	755	140
$150,000 and over	330	270	65	210	155	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	15,275	7,360	7,920	18,330	9,330	8,995
Without after-tax income	530	225	310	675	260	415
With after-tax income	14,745	7,135	7,610	17,650	9,070	8,575
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.9	96.1	96.3	97.2	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,940	780	1,160	2,660	875	1,785
$10,000 to $19,999	2,300	845	1,455	3,360	1,300	2,065
$20,000 to $29,999	2,115	820	1,295	2,750	1,180	1,570
$30,000 to $39,999	1,945	835	1,110	2,480	1,365	1,115
$40,000 to $49,999	1,835	845	995	2,060	1,250	810
$50,000 to $59,999	1,425	820	605	1,500	980	515
$60,000 to $69,999	1,090	700	390	1,005	720	285
$70,000 to $79,999	785	500	290	760	545	215
$80,000 and over	1,305	990	315	1,070	855	220
$80,000 to $89,999	430	300	130	480	375	105
$90,000 to $99,999	290	235	60	230	205	30
$100,000 and over	585	455	130	350	270	80
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	15,275	7,355	7,915	18,325	9,330	8,995
Without employment income	3,520	1,420	2,095	6,260	2,730	3,525
With employment income	11,755	5,935	5,820	12,065	6,595	5,470
Percentage with employment income	77.0	80.7	73.5	65.8	70.7	60.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,600	715	885	2,370	1,365	1,000
$5,000 to $9,999	750	295	455	995	405	595
$10,000 to $19,999	1,330	490	840	1,555	620	935
$20,000 to $29,999	1,110	440	670	1,170	455	715
$30,000 to $39,999	1,085	435	655	1,005	440	565
$40,000 to $49,999	1,130	490	640	1,005	475	530
$50,000 to $59,999	1,010	500	510	905	565	340
$60,000 to $69,999	900	540	360	685	455	230
$70,000 to $79,999	730	480	250	570	395	170
$80,000 and over	2,105	1,550	555	1,815	1,420	395
$80,000 to $89,999	600	385	215	475	340	140
$90,000 to $99,999	395	270	125	455	325	130
$100,000 and over	1,115	900	215	885	760	125
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	7,195	...	...	9,375	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	86,912	...	...	65,333	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,452	...	...	58,004	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,630	...	...	2,480	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,032	...	...	31,115	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,016	...	...	28,531	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,565	...	...	6,890	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,492	...	...	80,190	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,917	...	...	70,590	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	7,200	...	...	9,375	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	100,073	...	...	78,892	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	83,276	...	...	67,113	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,645	...	...	2,480	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	51,229	...	...	39,186	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,942	...	...	34,139	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,550	...	...	6,895	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,568	...	...	93,151	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,244	...	...	78,954	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	7,195	...	...	9,375	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	85	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	120	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	265	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	200	...	...	445	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	230	...	...	430	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	205	...	...	415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...	435	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	240	...	...	400	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	240	...	...	425	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	230	...	...	435	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	515	...	...	800	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	510	...	...	770	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	450	...	...	630	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	480	...	...	615	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	485	...	...	520	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,965	...	...	2,585	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	935	...	...	995	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	715	...	...	700	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	825	...	...	595	...	...
$200,000 and over	495	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,195	...	...	9,375	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	95	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	120	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	270	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	205	...	...	465	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	265	...	...	480	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	245	...	...	485	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	285	...	...	440	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	310	...	...	480	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	290	...	...	520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	305	...	...	515	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	615	...	...	1,005	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	580	...	...	830	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	590	...	...	740	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	565	...	...	670	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	560	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,215	...	...	1,710	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	935	...	...	875	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	615	...	...	445	...	...
$150,000 and over	665	...	...	385	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,445	...	...	6,730	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,027	...	...	80,017	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,645	...	...	70,455	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,010	...	...	3,535	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,757	...	...	71,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,703	...	...	63,403	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,535	...	...	2,245	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,464	...	...	108,715	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,856	...	...	93,312	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	745	...	...	770	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,216	...	...	50,267	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,280	...	...	47,072	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,420	...	...	6,730	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	114,456	...	...	93,272	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,025	...	...	78,965	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,025	...	...	3,520	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	100,117	...	...	84,334	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,164	...	...	71,253	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,540	...	...	2,275	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	138,523	...	...	120,546	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,111	...	...	101,191	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	725	...	...	750	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,862	...	...	55,318	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,477	...	...	49,542	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,110	970	1,145	2,965	1,685	1,280
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	39,008	47,360	33,351	29,568	37,431	24,096
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,246	41,152	30,216	27,349	33,721	23,275
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,140	940	1,195	2,965	1,675	1,285
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,756	53,545	41,407	37,735	43,126	30,689
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,464	44,256	35,687	32,965	36,918	27,798
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	18,450	9,015	9,435	21,240	10,830	10,410
In the bottom half of the distribution	7,000	3,220	3,780	11,000	5,490	5,510
In the bottom decile	1,205	555	655	1,970	1,005	960
In the second decile	1,240	515	725	2,170	1,005	1,170
In the third decile	1,290	580	705	2,170	1,050	1,120
In the fourth decile	1,490	715	775	2,325	1,210	1,115
In the fifth decile	1,775	855	925	2,365	1,225	1,135
In the top half of the distribution	11,445	5,790	5,655	10,240	5,340	4,900
In the sixth decile	2,070	1,010	1,060	2,290	1,175	1,115
In the seventh decile	2,390	1,180	1,205	2,320	1,200	1,120
In the eighth decile	2,360	1,190	1,165	2,280	1,180	1,100
In the ninth decile	2,680	1,385	1,295	2,075	1,105	970
In the top decile	1,945	1,025	925	1,275	680	595
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	18,445	9,010	9,435	20,565	10,500	10,060
0 to 17 years	3,795	1,960	1,840	3,430	1,755	1,670
0 to 5 years	1,270	650	620	1,060	550	510
18 to 64 years	11,840	5,765	6,075	12,690	6,390	6,305
65 years and over	2,810	1,285	1,525	4,440	2,350	2,090
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,790	785	1,005	2,945	1,445	1,495
0 to 17 years	435	220	210	620	350	270
0 to 5 years	135	65	70	205	115	90
18 to 64 years	1,025	445	580	1,710	830	875
65 years and over	325	110	215	610	265	350
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.7	8.7	10.7	14.3	13.8	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	11.5	11.2	11.4	18.1	19.9	16.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.0	11.3	19.3	20.9	17.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.7	7.7	9.5	13.5	13.0	13.9
65 years and over (%)	11.6	8.6	14.1	13.7	11.3	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,335	580	760	875	455	420
0 to 17 years	335	165	170	215	125	90
0 to 5 years	105	55	50	60	35	30
18 to 64 years	815	355	460	630	315	310
65 years and over	190	60	130	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.2	6.4	8.1	4.3	4.3	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	8.8	8.4	9.2	6.3	7.1	5.4
0 to 5 years (%)	8.3	8.5	8.1	5.7	6.4	5.9
18 to 64 years (%)	6.9	6.2	7.6	5.0	4.9	4.9
65 years and over (%)	6.8	4.7	8.5	0.9	0.9	1.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	18,430	8,990	9,435	21,245	10,835	10,415
Official languages	18,220	8,895	9,330	21,160	10,790	10,365
English	18,220	8,890	9,330	20,840	10,645	10,195
French	1,395	510	880	7,365	3,740	3,625
Non-official languages	4,035	1,910	2,120	1,190	630	555
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	135	60	75
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	130	60	75
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	120	45	70
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ojibway	0	0	0	115	50	65
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,030	1,915	2,120	1,055	575	480
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	45	40	50	10	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	50	40	55	10	40
Amharic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	60	40	20	45	15	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	30	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	535	235	300	15	0	15
Bikol	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	515	225	290	10	0	15
Waray-Waray	25	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,450	1,165	1,280	750	430	325
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	335	150	185	115	70	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages	330	150	180	110	65	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	55	20	35	10	15	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	95	45	50	45	25	20
Russian	110	50	55	10	0	0
Serbian	30	15	10	15	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	20	40	25	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	15	0	10	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	480	195	285	420	230	190
Afrikaans	50	20	25	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	15	15	0	10
Dutch	145	65	80	95	35	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	230	90	140	340	200	140
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	35	10	25	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	30	35	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	830	400	425	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	665	310	355	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	50	25	25	0	0	0
Hindi	130	55	75	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	480	225	255	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	165	90	80	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	165	90	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	780	405	380	215	135	80
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	155	75	80	55	40	20
Portuguese	95	55	35	40	35	10
Romanian	120	70	50	0	0	0
Spanish	435	215	220	120	70	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	35	30	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	250	125	130	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	0	20	60	35	25
American Sign Language	20	0	15	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	30	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	490	235	260	40	25	20
Chinese languages	475	225	255	40	20	15
Cantonese	225	110	115	20	15	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	285	125	160	15	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	85	50	35	115	65	50
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	15	10	105	55	40
Hungarian	60	35	25	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	18,425	8,995	9,430	21,245	10,830	10,410
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	17,325	8,435	8,890	21,050	10,735	10,320
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,655	1,865	1,790	3,560	1,835	1,725
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,675	6,575	7,095	17,490	8,895	8,595
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,100	555	545	190	100	90
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	18,430	8,995	9,435	21,245	10,835	10,410
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	14,280	7,035	7,245	20,440	10,415	10,020
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,955	1,840	2,115	790	410	380
Before 1981	1,340	645	695	505	280	225
1981 to 1990	400	190	210	70	35	40
1991 to 2000	820	350	465	65	35	30
2001 to 2010	1,015	475	535	85	45	45
2001 to 2005	505	250	260	65	35	30
2006 to 2010	505	230	275	25	10	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	390	180	210	60	20	45
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	190	120	75	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,955	1,840	2,115	790	410	385
Under 5 years	435	205	230	175	85	90
5 to 14 years	710	410	300	220	130	90
15 to 24 years	870	370	500	160	75	85
25 to 44 years	1,610	715	890	205	105	105
45 years and over	335	145	195	35	20	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,955	1,840	2,115	790	410	380
Americas	430	200	230	115	60	60
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	0	10	10	10	0
Mexico	50	0	45	0	10	0
Peru	15	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	30	10	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	170	100	75	85	40	40
Other places of birth in Americas	100	50	50	10	0	0
Europe	1,450	695	750	545	300	245
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	20	10	0	0	0
Croatia	20	0	10	0	0	0
France	25	15	15	10	0	0
Germany	135	70	65	90	50	40
Greece	15	10	10	10	0	0
Hungary	35	15	15	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Italy	40	15	25	35	25	10
Netherlands	115	60	50	55	40	15
Poland	60	25	40	30	15	15
Portugal	40	25	20	30	20	10
Romania	110	55	50	10	10	10
Russian Federation	45	30	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	10	20	15	10
Ukraine	35	20	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	610	270	340	160	85	75
Other places of birth in Europe	75	30	45	90	40	45
Africa	205	80	120	10	15	0
Algeria	10	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kenya	30	15	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	75	35	40	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	20	45	0	0	0
Asia	1,785	820	965	105	35	75
Afghanistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	205	75	135	40	15	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	120	60	65	0	0	0
India	290	135	160	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	110	60	50	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	200	100	100	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	20	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	525	235	285	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	20	15	10	15	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	10	25	10	20
Taiwan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	30	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	160	70	85	15	0	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	95	45	45	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	385	175	205	60	15	40
Americas	50	15	30	0	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	0	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	30	15	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	290	135	155	55	10	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	0	15	0	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	15	0	0	0
India	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	50	35	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	110	45	60	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	30	20	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	0	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	18,430	8,995	9,435	21,245	10,830	10,410
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,275	1,995	2,280	850	445	405
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,325	2,210	2,115	1,545	795	755
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,820	4,785	5,035	18,845	9,590	9,255
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,680	1,235	1,450	285	125	165
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,680	810	870	80	50	30
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	600	375	230	30	20	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,080	435	640	50	30	25
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	785	300	485	130	40	90
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	205	120	85	85	40	45
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	18,430	8,990	9,430	21,240	10,835	10,415
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	565	245	320	3,725	1,865	1,860
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	535	235	300	3,655	1,805	1,845
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	265	115	150	1,950	915	1,035
Métis	270	125	150	1,695	890	805
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	10	10	25	20	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	45	35	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	17,865	8,750	9,115	17,515	8,970	8,550
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	18,425	8,990	9,435	21,245	10,835	10,415
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	130	50	85	1,775	845	930
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,295	8,950	9,350	19,470	9,990	9,480
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	18,430	8,995	9,430	21,240	10,835	10,410
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	60	25	35	1,290	620	670
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	60	25	35	1,270	610	660
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	45	15	30	975	460	520
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	295	150	145
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	670	325	345	2,845	1,385	1,465
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	630	310	320	2,720	1,315	1,405
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	360	175	185	1,320	620	705
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	270	130	135	1,395	695	695
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	40	15	20	125	60	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	20	105	60	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	17,700	8,640	9,060	17,105	8,830	8,275
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	18,425	8,995	9,435	21,245	10,830	10,415
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,485	1,645	1,835	265	130	140
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	830	395	440	75	40	35
Chinese	575	265	320	50	30	25
Black	205	95	110	40	30	15
Filipino	675	310	365	15	0	10
Latin American	195	100	95	20	10	10
Arab	70	35	35	45	15	35
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	160	90	75	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	160	95	70	0	0	0
Korean	265	130	130	0	10	0
Japanese	120	60	60	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	35	10	30	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	180	70	115	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	14,940	7,345	7,600	20,975	10,705	10,275
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	18,430	8,995	9,435	21,245	10,835	10,415
North American Aboriginal origins	730	350	375	4,135	2,000	2,130
First Nations (North American Indian)	440	210	230	2,435	1,145	1,285
Inuit	10	10	0	35	10	25
Métis	325	160	165	1,810	920	880
Other North American origins	4,315	2,180	2,135	10,160	5,130	5,030
Acadian	30	10	20	10	0	10
American	355	155	200	165	85	85
Canadian	4,085	2,080	2,005	10,010	5,065	4,940
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	10	20	0	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	35	15	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	13,850	6,735	7,120	14,805	7,540	7,270
British Isles origins	9,730	4,725	5,000	8,000	3,900	4,100
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,085	2,860	3,225	4,230	2,010	2,225
Irish	3,380	1,600	1,780	3,645	1,725	1,920
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,315	2,030	2,280	3,305	1,690	1,620
Welsh	610	300	310	215	100	110
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	670	340	330	275	155	120
French origins	1,685	750	935	7,900	4,005	3,895
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,680	750	935	7,895	4,005	3,890
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,645	1,780	1,865	2,775	1,450	1,330
Austrian	215	85	125	70	30	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	105	45	60	35	0	30
Dutch	1,005	490	515	590	305	280
Flemish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,620	1,290	1,330	2,170	1,170	1,000
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss	55	15	30	110	35	80
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,905	875	1,035	610	300	315
Danish	230	115	110	50	20	35
Finnish	275	130	145	405	190	215
Icelandic	175	75	100	0	0	0
Norwegian	715	300	415	90	50	35
Swedish	675	335	335	135	85	50
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	15	20	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	2,720	1,295	1,430	1,365	710	660
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	95	30	60	15	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	0	0	10
Estonian	25	15	10	35	25	10
Hungarian	335	160	170	60	15	45
Latvian	30	20	15	10	0	10
Lithuanian	15	10	10	25	0	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	720	330	385	510	270	240
Romanian	240	115	120	30	15	15
Russian	525	250	280	65	35	35
Slovak	45	25	20	10	15	0
Ukrainian	1,090	515	570	750	390	365
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,925	925	1,005	1,005	525	480
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	105	45	55	15	15	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	165	60	105	15	10	10
Italian	1,120	560	555	755	385	365
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	200	110	100	85	50	40
Serbian	40	25	20	15	10	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	55	35	15	20	0	15
Spanish	290	115	170	80	35	50
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	75	35	40	20	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	115	70	40	65	40	20
Basque	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	40	20	20	40	25	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	50	40	10	25	15	10
Caribbean origins	115	55	60	60	40	20
Antiguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	10	10	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	40	20	25	25	15	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	10	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	15	10	10
St. Lucian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	15	0	0	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	0	10	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	335	170	165	25	15	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Chilean	35	15	20	0	0	0
Colombian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	15	0	0	0	0
Mexican	140	60	80	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	10	15	0	0	10
Salvadorean	30	20	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	10	10	0	0	0
African origins	315	160	160	55	20	35
Central and West African origins	10	10	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	55	25	30	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	130	60	70	10	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	55	25	30	10	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	120	65	55	45	15	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	115	65	50	30	10	25
Asian origins	3,220	1,555	1,665	215	85	135
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	310	170	140	60	15	45
Afghan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	10	0	10	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	140	75	65	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	85	60	25	10	0	10
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	880	420	460	70	35	40
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	770	365	400	65	30	40
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	45	20	25	0	10	0
Punjabi	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	15	20	25	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,070	985	1,080	85	35	45
Burmese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	755	325	430	55	30	25
Filipino	775	360	415	15	0	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Japanese	180	90	90	15	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	300	150	155	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	65	35	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	160	105	60	0	0	0
Australian	90	65	30	0	0	0
New Zealander	35	25	0	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	35	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	7,200	...	...	9,375	...	...
Owner	5,585	...	...	7,680	...	...
Renter	1,610	...	...	1,610	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	7,195	...	...	9,375	...	...
Condominium	1,980	...	...	105	...	...
Not condominium	5,215	...	...	9,275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	7,200	...	...	9,375	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	665	...	...	720	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,125	...	...	2,590	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,485	...	...	3,895	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,915	...	...	2,150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	7,200	...	...	9,375	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,790	...	...	1,870	...	...
5 rooms	1,060	...	...	1,680	...	...
6 rooms	1,130	...	...	1,915	...	...
7 rooms	890	...	...	1,410	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,330	...	...	2,510	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	7,195	...	...	9,375	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,130	...	...	9,345	...	...
More than 1 person per room	65	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	7,195	...	...	9,375	...	...
Suitable	6,935	...	...	9,165	...	...
Not suitable	265	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	7,200	...	...	9,375	...	...
1960 or before	245	...	...	3,030	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,620	...	...	3,450	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,500	...	...	1,065	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,755	...	...	985	...	...
2001 to 2005	495	...	...	250	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,085	...	...	300	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	500	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	7,200	...	...	9,375	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	6,945	...	...	8,260	...	...
Major repairs needed	250	...	...	1,110	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	7,195	...	...	9,375	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,690	...	...	5,760	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,310	...	...	3,540	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	195	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	7,195	...	...	9,375	...	...
15 to 24 years	85	...	...	185	...	...
25 to 34 years	895	...	...	905	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,290	...	...	1,160	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,580	...	...	1,815	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,650	...	...	2,400	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,025	...	...	1,780	...	...
75 to 84 years	520	...	...	890	...	...
85 years and over	150	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	7,110	...	...	9,025	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,695	...	...	7,360	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,415	...	...	1,665	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,210	...	...	1,490	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,505	...	...	7,455	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	67.1	...	...	52.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.7	...	...	13.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,478	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,499	...	...	1,009	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	598,662	...	...	179,365	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	601,436	...	...	218,109	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,615	...	...	1,575	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.4	...	...	17.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.7	...	...	40.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,103	...	...	751	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,152	...	...	782	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	15,260	7,340	7,920	18,330	9,330	9,000
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,200	1,095	1,105	4,885	2,565	2,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,115	2,470	2,635	4,970	2,395	2,575
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,945	3,775	4,175	8,475	4,370	4,105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,540	1,190	355	2,050	1,580	470
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	575	345	230	1,060	755	300
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	970	840	130	990	820	165
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,280	1,240	2,040	4,450	2,040	2,415
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	435	175	260	235	95	145
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,690	1,170	1,520	1,735	660	1,075
Bachelor's degree	1,870	805	1,065	1,340	510	830
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	280	95	180	160	55	105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	25	30	50	15	30
Master's degree	410	185	225	165	65	105
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	50	25	25	20	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,440	5,060	5,385	11,735	5,870	5,870
No certificate, diploma or degree	790	455	330	2,080	1,160	920
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,280	1,640	1,640	3,310	1,580	1,735
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,370	2,960	3,415	6,345	3,130	3,210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,090	875	210	1,325	970	355
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	390	255	140	715	495	225
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	695	620	75	605	475	130
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,625	970	1,655	3,590	1,620	1,970
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	335	135	205	165	70	95
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,330	980	1,345	1,265	470	795
Bachelor's degree	1,625	685	935	945	375	565
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	80	160	130	35	95
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	20	45	15	30
Master's degree	355	145	205	135	30	100
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	40	25	20	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	15,265	7,340	7,920	18,325	9,330	9,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,310	3,570	3,745	9,850	4,965	4,895
Education	505	110	390	555	130	420
13. Education	500	110	395	550	135	420
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	290	145	145	105	45	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	70	20	20	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	200	70	130	90	35	60
Humanities	285	85	205	220	90	130
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	0	30	10	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	75	15	60	50	15	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	35	65	50	10	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	25	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	10	25	35	20	15
54. History	15	10	0	30	10	25
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	15	15	15	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,025	345	680	685	185	510
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	25	50	40	15	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	20	135	220	20	205
22. Legal professions and studies	185	50	140	110	35	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	135	35	100	105	25	80
45. Social sciences	465	215	250	175	80	90
Business, management and public administration	1,720	555	1,170	1,170	270	900
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	10	60	235	45	195
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,640	540	1,095	935	225	705
Physical and life sciences and technologies	195	85	110	150	75	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	40	60	65	20	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	10	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	25	30	35	20	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	30	25	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	265	145	115	165	105	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	215	140	70	115	75	40
25. Library science	20	0	20	20	10	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	0	20	25	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,765	1,640	125	2,745	2,580	165
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	10	25	25	0
14. Engineering	280	220	55	130	120	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	310	295	20	620	540	80
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	455	445	10	575	550	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	460	445	20	960	925	35
48. Precision production	225	215	10	430	420	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	100	70	315	235	75
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	105	50	55	85	55	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	50	15	230	185	45
Health and related fields	1,210	290	920	1,460	175	1,285
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	95	65	35	115	55	55
51. Health professions and related programs	1,115	225	890	1,335	110	1,225
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	510	275	240	895	475	420
12. Personal and culinary services	290	80	205	375	55	325
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	70	50	25	225	150	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	150	140	10	290	265	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,440	5,060	5,385	11,740	5,865	5,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,065	2,095	1,970	5,395	2,735	2,655
Education	390	75	315	325	85	240
13. Education	390	75	315	325	85	240
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	205	110	95	75	25	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	70	10	20	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	120	40	80	60	15	40
Humanities	260	70	190	105	35	70
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	25	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	65	15	55	30	15	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	30	65	30	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	10	20	20	10	10
54. History	15	15	10	20	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	905	280	620	525	130	395
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	20	50	40	15	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	10	110	170	0	165
22. Legal professions and studies	165	35	125	100	30	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	10	0	10
42. Psychology	110	25	85	70	10	55
45. Social sciences	430	190	245	120	60	60
Business, management and public administration	1,375	430	945	975	200	770
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	35	190	35	150
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,325	425	900	780	160	615
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	75	95	130	65	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	30	55	55	20	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	25	25	35	25	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	25	20	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	215	130	90	150	90	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	125	50	110	70	40
25. Library science	20	0	20	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	20	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,350	1,245	100	1,935	1,790	145
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	15	15	0
14. Engineering	250	195	50	110	95	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	235	225	10	495	425	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	335	325	15	365	350	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	345	330	15	690	660	30
48. Precision production	170	165	0	265	250	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155	95	60	255	190	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	45	45	75	40	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	50	15	180	145	35
Health and related fields	945	205	735	1,165	150	1,010
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	45	35	90	45	45
51. Health professions and related programs	865	160	705	1,065	100	965
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	10	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	405	245	165	710	365	345
12. Personal and culinary services	195	65	135	290	40	250
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	45	25	180	110	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	135	10	235	215	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	15,260	7,340	7,915	18,330	9,330	8,995
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,315	3,570	3,740	9,850	4,965	4,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,950	3,770	4,175	8,475	4,365	4,110
Location of study inside Canada	6,435	3,035	3,400	8,255	4,260	3,990
Same as province or territory of residence	5,530	2,580	2,955	7,955	4,095	3,865
Different than province or territory of residence	905	455	450	300	170	130
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,515	735	775	215	105	115
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	180	115	60	95	45	45
Philippines	260	100	160	10	0	0
India	65	25	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	185	110	75	35	15	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	130	55	75	10	0	10
France	25	15	10	0	10	0
Other	670	315	355	65	40	30
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,440	5,055	5,385	11,735	5,870	5,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,065	2,095	1,970	5,390	2,740	2,655
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,370	2,960	3,410	6,345	3,135	3,210
Location of study inside Canada	5,205	2,430	2,775	6,205	3,070	3,135
Same as province or territory of residence	4,525	2,075	2,445	6,015	2,965	3,050
Different than province or territory of residence	685	350	335	190	100	90
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,170	535	635	135	60	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	125	85	45	55	30	25
Philippines	220	85	135	10	0	10
India	50	20	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	90	40	50	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	105	45	60	10	0	10
France	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other	560	255	305	50	25	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	15,260	7,340	7,920	18,325	9,330	8,995
In the labour force	10,585	5,495	5,095	10,120	5,305	4,815
Employed	10,060	5,230	4,830	9,120	4,685	4,430
Unemployed	525	265	265	1,000	615	390
Not in the labour force	4,675	1,845	2,825	8,205	4,025	4,180
Participation rate	69.4	74.9	64.3	55.2	56.9	53.5
Employment rate	65.9	71.3	61.0	49.8	50.2	49.2
Unemployment rate	5.0	4.8	5.2	9.9	11.6	8.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	15,265	7,340	7,920	18,325	9,330	8,995
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,355	1,750	2,605	7,550	3,670	3,880
Worked	10,905	5,590	5,315	10,780	5,655	5,125
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,940	3,395	2,545	5,350	3,150	2,195
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,970	2,195	2,775	5,430	2,505	2,925
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.9	44.7	43.1	41.8	42.5	41.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	10,590	5,490	5,095	10,120	5,300	4,820
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	140	75	65	160	85	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	10,445	5,420	5,025	9,965	5,215	4,750
Employee	9,360	4,820	4,540	8,885	4,540	4,345
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,085	605	480	1,080	680	405
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	10,590	5,495	5,090	10,120	5,300	4,815
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	140	70	70	155	90	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	10,445	5,420	5,025	9,965	5,215	4,750
0 Management occupations	1,355	855	500	1,025	660	365
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,790	410	1,385	1,220	240	980
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	580	415	165	445	360	85
3 Health occupations	615	165	455	720	95	625
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,235	455	775	985	210	775
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	280	105	170	125	40	90
6 Sales and service occupations	2,180	850	1,325	2,240	690	1,545
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,805	1,705	100	2,125	1,965	160
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	255	175	80	545	495	50
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	355	275	80	540	470	70
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	10,585	5,495	5,090	10,125	5,300	4,820
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	140	75	70	155	85	70
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	10,445	5,420	5,025	9,965	5,215	4,750
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	230	150	85	445	340	105
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	20	0	505	450	50
22 Utilities	75	50	30	105	70	35
23 Construction	1,025	900	125	890	780	115
31-33 Manufacturing	780	565	215	1,090	935	160
41 Wholesale trade	680	470	210	200	145	55
44-45 Retail trade	1,180	510	675	1,150	445	700
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	625	505	125	710	515	195
51 Information and cultural industries	235	155	85	95	35	55
52 Finance and insurance	545	165	380	170	40	130
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	75	95	105	50	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	750	345	405	320	190	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	25	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	400	245	155	235	130	105
61 Educational services	640	135	505	645	110	535
62 Health care and social assistance	1,130	230	900	1,215	185	1,030
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	205	90	120	125	65	60
72 Accommodation and food services	580	210	370	910	265	645
81 Other services (except public administration)	355	160	200	310	130	185
91 Public administration	760	420	340	735	325	410
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,060	5,230	4,825	9,115	4,690	4,430
Worked at home	635	300	340	580	275	305
Worked outside Canada	35	15	20	30	25	0
No fixed workplace address	1,375	1,085	290	1,230	975	255
Worked at usual place	8,015	3,835	4,180	7,280	3,410	3,865
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	8,015	3,835	4,180	7,275	3,410	3,870
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,180	440	740	3,215	1,405	1,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,565	3,245	3,315	1,230	635	590
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	250	130	120	2,815	1,355	1,460
Commute to a different province or territory	20	25	0	15	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	9,390	4,920	4,470	8,505	4,390	4,115
Car, truck, van - as a driver	7,370	4,060	3,310	6,960	3,700	3,260
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	445	205	240	590	260	330
Public transit	1,080	450	635	75	35	40
Walked	315	110	205	715	295	425
Bicycle	60	40	15	40	20	25
Other method	115	55	60	125	75	50
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	9,390	4,920	4,470	8,505	4,385	4,120
Less than 15 minutes	2,025	910	1,115	3,485	1,640	1,840
15 to 29 minutes	2,605	1,250	1,355	1,710	865	845
30 to 44 minutes	2,065	1,185	885	1,160	605	560
45 to 59 minutes	1,160	670	490	1,080	610	470
60 minutes and over	1,535	905	625	1,070	670	410
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	9,390	4,920	4,470	8,505	4,390	4,120
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,075	810	270	1,005	755	255
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,200	1,325	870	1,850	1,225	620
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,345	1,100	1,240	2,100	950	1,150
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,505	585	920	1,535	445	1,090
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	935	360	570	645	225	425
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,330	735	595	1,370	790	580
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	11,260	5,760	5,505	11,175	5,865	5,315
Single responses	11,130	5,695	5,435	10,950	5,755	5,190
Official languages	10,985	5,605	5,380	10,880	5,720	5,155
English	10,940	5,590	5,345	10,195	5,430	4,770
French	45	15	30	675	295	385
Non-official languages	150	95	55	75	30	40
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	145	95	55	70	30	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	55	35	65	25	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	60	20	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	60	20	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	35	10	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	10	10	0
Romanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	20	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	130	65	65	230	110	120
English and French	15	0	10	205	95	110
English and non-official language	115	60	55	20	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	11,260	5,755	5,505	11,175	5,865	5,310
None	10,875	5,600	5,270	9,060	4,770	4,290
English	105	45	60	425	205	220
French	105	25	80	1,620	845	775
Non-official language	165	80	85	75	40	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	165	80	85	60	40	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	18,230	8,900	9,330	21,070	10,750	10,320
Non-movers	15,740	7,675	8,065	18,770	9,605	9,165
Movers	2,490	1,230	1,260	2,300	1,145	1,160
Non-migrants	730	320	410	1,045	525	525
Migrants	1,760	910	850	1,255	620	635
Internal migrants	1,630	835	795	1,190	610	585
Intraprovincial migrants	1,580	805	775	1,115	570	545
Interprovincial migrants	50	30	20	75	40	40
External migrants	130	75	55	60	10	50
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	17,390	8,490	8,900	20,290	10,305	9,985
Non-movers	10,410	5,000	5,405	13,920	7,125	6,795
Movers	6,980	3,490	3,490	6,370	3,180	3,190
Non-migrants	2,145	1,035	1,110	2,645	1,330	1,320
Migrants	4,835	2,450	2,385	3,720	1,850	1,870
Internal migrants	4,265	2,140	2,125	3,645	1,830	1,815
Intraprovincial migrants	4,040	2,020	2,025	3,475	1,740	1,735
Interprovincial migrants	225	120	105	170	90	80
External migrants	570	310	260	75	25	55

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Pitt Meadows, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sudbury, DIS [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pitt Meadows, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sudbury, District [Census division], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Pitt Meadows, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sudbury, District [Census division], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pitt Meadows, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sudbury, District [Census division], Ontario