Census Profile, 2016 Census
Maple Ridge, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Shuniah, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Maple Ridge, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Shuniah, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Maple Ridge, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Maple Ridge, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Shuniah, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	82,256	...	...	2,798	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	76,052	...	...	2,737	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	31,400	...	...	2,130	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	30,262	...	...	1,196	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	308.3	...	...	4.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	266.78	...	...	570.99	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	82,255	40,295	41,960	2,800	1,425	1,370
0 to 14 years	14,430	7,395	7,035	315	160	160
0 to 4 years	4,590	2,320	2,270	115	60	55
5 to 9 years	4,910	2,510	2,400	95	45	50
10 to 14 years	4,925	2,560	2,365	105	60	50
15 to 64 years	55,905	27,555	28,350	1,820	905	915
15 to 19 years	5,395	2,735	2,660	130	60	70
20 to 24 years	4,985	2,600	2,385	140	75	65
25 to 29 years	4,390	2,175	2,220	105	50	55
30 to 34 years	5,265	2,585	2,685	125	60	65
35 to 39 years	5,240	2,530	2,710	135	70	65
40 to 44 years	5,570	2,665	2,900	145	65	80
45 to 49 years	6,555	3,195	3,360	155	75	80
50 to 54 years	6,875	3,355	3,515	265	130	135
55 to 59 years	6,510	3,220	3,295	295	150	145
60 to 64 years	5,125	2,515	2,615	330	170	155
65 years and over	11,920	5,350	6,570	660	355	300
65 to 69 years	4,215	2,010	2,215	270	135	130
70 to 74 years	2,725	1,305	1,415	175	95	80
75 to 79 years	2,005	890	1,115	105	55	50
80 to 84 years	1,530	650	880	65	40	25
85 years and over	1,440	495	945	45	25	15
85 to 89 years	880	320	560	40	25	10
90 to 94 years	445	155	295	15	0	10
95 to 99 years	105	25	75	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.5	18.4	16.8	11.3	11.2	11.7
15 to 64 years	68.0	68.4	67.6	65.0	63.5	66.8
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.7	23.6	24.9	21.9
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.3	1.6	1.8	1.1
Average age of the population	40.1	39.2	41.0	47.6	48.2	47.0
Median age of the population	41.4	40.3	42.3	52.8	53.6	51.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	30,265	...	...	1,195	...	...
Single-detached house	16,825	...	...	1,125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	865	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,345	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	795	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	3,615	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,710	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,225	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	215	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	30,260	...	...	1,195	...	...
1 person	6,725	...	...	265	...	...
2 persons	9,700	...	...	570	...	...
3 persons	5,315	...	...	155	...	...
4 persons	5,400	...	...	155	...	...
5 or more persons	3,115	...	...	55	...	...
Number of persons in private households	81,000	...	...	2,785	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	67,825	32,900	34,925	2,480	1,265	1,215
Married or living common law	40,725	20,290	20,440	1,750	875	875
Married	34,085	17,000	17,080	1,475	740	735
Living common law	6,640	3,285	3,355	275	135	140
Not married and not living common law	27,100	12,615	14,490	740	390	340
Never married	17,300	9,425	7,880	445	245	195
Separated	2,000	825	1,170	65	35	25
Divorced	4,310	1,615	2,695	105	70	30
Widowed	3,490	745	2,745	125	40	90
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,665	...	...	940	...	...
2 persons	10,985	...	...	600	...	...
3 persons	5,490	...	...	150	...	...
4 persons	5,345	...	...	150	...	...
5 or more persons	1,850	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,665	...	...	935	...	...
Total couple families	19,980	...	...	860	...	...
Married couples	16,665	...	...	725	...	...
Common-law couples	3,320	...	...	135	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,685	...	...	75	...	...
Female parent	2,810	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	880	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	19,980	...	...	860	...	...
Couples without children	8,725	...	...	545	...	...
Couples with children	11,255	...	...	315	...	...
1 child	4,365	...	...	135	...	...
2 children	5,105	...	...	150	...	...
3 or more children	1,785	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,685	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	2,260	...	...	55	...	...
2 children	1,125	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	300	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,405	5,320	6,085	340	200	140
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	30,260	...	...	1,195	...	...
One-census-family households	21,605	...	...	900	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	7,800	...	...	530	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,805	...	...	370	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,010	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,640	...	...	275	...	...
One-person households	6,730	...	...	265	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	915	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	81,280	39,965	41,315	2,800	1,425	1,370
English only	75,560	37,500	38,055	2,525	1,305	1,220
French only	20	5	15	5	5	0
English and French	4,965	2,150	2,815	265	115	150
Neither English nor French	735	305	430	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	81,280	39,965	41,315	2,800	1,425	1,375
English	79,460	39,160	40,300	2,710	1,380	1,330
French	865	415	455	80	45	40
English and French	245	100	140	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	710	295	410	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	990	460	525	85	45	40
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.2	1.3	3.0	3.2	2.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	81,280	39,965	41,315	2,795	1,425	1,375
Single responses	80,115	39,425	40,695	2,780	1,420	1,365
Official languages	68,200	33,875	34,325	2,580	1,320	1,260
English	67,270	33,435	33,840	2,495	1,275	1,220
French	930	440	495	90	45	40
Non-official languages	11,915	5,540	6,370	200	95	105
Aboriginal languages	10	0	5	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	10	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	5	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,905	5,540	6,365	195	95	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	215	115	95	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	210	115	95	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	165	95	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	20	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	220	95	130	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	215	95	125	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	985	370	615	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	20	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	860	320	535	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	5	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,270	3,500	3,770	125	65	65
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,620	745	880	50	20	30
Baltic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,600	730	865	50	25	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Croatian	105	55	55	5	0	5
Czech	140	65	80	5	5	5
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	525	240	285	15	5	10
Russian	430	185	240	5	5	0
Serbian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	95	45	50	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	140	55	85	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,670	795	875	45	25	20
Afrikaans	130	65	65	0	0	0
Danish	95	55	40	10	10	0
Dutch	465	210	255	5	0	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	865	415	455	25	10	15
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Swedish	45	25	25	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	80	45	35	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,960	985	975	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,300	630	670	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hindi	185	85	95	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	5	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	910	430	475	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Urdu	105	55	50	0	0	0
Iranian languages	665	360	310	5	5	0
Kurdish	30	20	15	0	0	0
Pashto	15	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	615	330	285	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,885	905	980	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	345	175	165	25	10	10
Portuguese	285	135	150	5	0	0
Romanian	395	195	195	0	0	0
Spanish	860	400	460	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	155	45	115	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	760	365	395	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,580	705	875	5	0	5
Chinese languages	1,580	705	870	0	5	5
Cantonese	485	235	255	0	0	0
Hakka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	920	395	525	5	0	0
Min Dong	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	90	40	50	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	25	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	5	0	0	0
Thai	30	5	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	410	200	215	65	30	35
Estonian	20	5	10	5	0	0
Finnish	125	65	65	55	25	30
Hungarian	270	130	140	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,165	545	620	15	5	10
English and French	210	110	100	5	5	5
English and non-official language	865	400	460	10	0	5
French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	60	25	40	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	81,280	39,965	41,315	2,800	1,425	1,370
Single responses	78,915	38,855	40,065	2,760	1,410	1,350
Official languages	73,675	36,345	37,330	2,730	1,390	1,335
English	73,485	36,255	37,230	2,685	1,370	1,320
French	185	90	100	45	20	20
Non-official languages	5,240	2,510	2,730	35	20	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,245	2,510	2,730	30	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	45	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	85	40	45	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	55	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	135	60	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	330	150	185	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	295	130	160	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,800	1,360	1,445	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	645	310	335	10	5	5
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	635	300	330	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	50	25	25	5	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	195	90	115	10	0	0
Russian	245	120	130	5	0	5
Serbian	25	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	195	100	105	5	0	0
Afrikaans	70	35	30	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	80	40	45	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,190	590	600	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	775	375	400	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	80	40	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	585	285	305	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	70	40	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	410	210	205	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	380	195	185	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	740	345	390	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	80	35	45	0	0	0
Romanian	190	90	100	0	0	0
Spanish	430	205	225	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	30	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	570	280	285	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	25	15	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	20	10	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,010	480	530	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,010	480	530	0	0	0
Cantonese	260	135	125	0	0	0
Hakka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	675	310	360	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	40	20	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	105	40	55	10	5	5
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	15	5	10
Hungarian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,365	1,110	1,250	35	15	20
English and French	85	40	45	10	5	5
English and non-official language	2,225	1,050	1,175	25	5	15
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	20	30	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	81,280	39,965	41,315	2,800	1,425	1,375
None	74,360	36,750	37,615	2,655	1,355	1,305
English	2,480	1,190	1,285	35	15	10
French	645	295	350	40	20	20
Non-official language	3,680	1,680	2,000	65	30	35
Aboriginal	0	5	0	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,675	1,675	2,000	65	30	35
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	15	15	5	0	5
French and non-official language	60	25	35	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	66,575	32,470	34,110	2,465	1,260	1,210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,685	31,110	32,575	2,400	1,235	1,170
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,508	48,970	29,524	46,144	57,429	37,171
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,765	31,180	32,585	2,405	1,235	1,170
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,324	41,966	27,115	40,306	49,579	33,134
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,085	29,020	29,065	2,250	1,180	1,070
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,933	48,796	27,099	42,859	52,896	34,048
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	42,200	17,155	25,045	1,645	820	830
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,857	4,583	4,954	8,549	9,968	7,819
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	50,015	25,640	24,375	1,760	940	810
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,888	50,984	29,083	39,211	49,451	33,888
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	66,555	32,460	34,095	2,470	1,260	1,210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,720	31,145	32,570	2,420	1,240	1,180
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,950	57,711	36,659	56,890	67,978	45,228
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,790	31,210	32,575	2,425	1,240	1,185
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,149	46,781	31,837	46,718	54,940	38,100
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,115	29,060	29,055	2,225	1,190	1,040
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,114	57,346	34,880	54,891	63,925	44,543
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,085	17,075	25,015	1,665	855	810
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,408	7,683	7,221	9,382	9,867	8,869
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,015	25,685	24,325	1,760	965	785
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,631	57,443	35,217	50,612	57,430	42,252
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	66,555	32,460	34,095	2,470	1,260	1,210
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	23,785	14,190	9,595	770	415	355
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	58,033	66,797	48,343	67,106	72,892	58,642
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,391	73,636	53,202	77,302	86,438	66,484
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.5	92.7	84.7	89.0	90.1	86.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.7	81.7	71.7	64.7	65.9	62.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.5	7.3	15.3	11.1	9.7	13.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	66,575	32,465	34,105	2,465	1,255	1,210
Without total income	2,890	1,360	1,535	60	20	40
With total income	63,685	31,115	32,575	2,405	1,235	1,170
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.8	95.5	97.6	98.4	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,715	3,260	5,455	225	70	160
$10,000 to $19,999	9,870	3,735	6,130	290	115	180
$20,000 to $29,999	7,935	3,045	4,890	260	125	135
$30,000 to $39,999	7,130	2,955	4,175	280	125	150
$40,000 to $49,999	6,460	2,840	3,620	235	115	125
$50,000 to $59,999	5,290	2,705	2,585	205	110	100
$60,000 to $69,999	4,425	2,645	1,780	190	115	80
$70,000 to $79,999	3,540	2,325	1,215	155	90	70
$80,000 to $89,999	2,895	1,905	990	140	85	55
$90,000 to $99,999	2,045	1,415	630	120	75	45
$100,000 and over	5,380	4,275	1,105	300	220	80
$100,000 to $149,999	3,995	3,140	855	190	145	45
$150,000 and over	1,390	1,140	245	115	80	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	66,575	32,470	34,105	2,470	1,255	1,205
Without after-tax income	2,810	1,290	1,520	60	25	40
With after-tax income	63,765	31,180	32,590	2,405	1,235	1,170
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	96.0	95.6	97.4	98.4	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,035	3,440	5,595	245	70	175
$10,000 to $19,999	10,420	4,045	6,380	305	115	185
$20,000 to $29,999	9,530	3,740	5,785	315	150	165
$30,000 to $39,999	8,485	3,600	4,885	335	155	180
$40,000 to $49,999	7,460	3,665	3,795	270	135	140
$50,000 to $59,999	5,860	3,475	2,380	270	160	110
$60,000 to $69,999	4,310	2,855	1,455	200	130	75
$70,000 to $79,999	3,270	2,175	1,095	160	105	55
$80,000 and over	5,395	4,185	1,210	310	225	85
$80,000 to $89,999	1,915	1,395	520	90	60	30
$90,000 to $99,999	1,170	935	235	50	45	5
$100,000 and over	2,315	1,855	455	165	120	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	66,575	32,465	34,110	2,470	1,260	1,210
Without employment income	16,565	6,830	9,735	710	315	395
With employment income	50,015	25,640	24,370	1,755	940	810
Percentage with employment income	75.1	79.0	71.4	71.1	74.6	66.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,815	2,940	3,880	300	155	135
$5,000 to $9,999	3,325	1,295	2,025	95	40	50
$10,000 to $19,999	6,030	2,420	3,615	185	85	100
$20,000 to $29,999	4,920	1,985	2,935	155	75	85
$30,000 to $39,999	4,930	1,980	2,945	165	70	95
$40,000 to $49,999	4,630	1,985	2,640	125	45	80
$50,000 to $59,999	4,110	2,165	1,945	140	70	70
$60,000 to $69,999	3,575	2,220	1,355	105	60	45
$70,000 to $79,999	2,970	2,005	965	110	65	40
$80,000 and over	8,715	6,655	2,060	380	275	110
$80,000 to $89,999	2,440	1,635	810	85	55	30
$90,000 to $99,999	1,765	1,285	475	85	55	35
$100,000 and over	4,510	3,730	775	215	170	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	30,260	...	...	1,195	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	86,178	...	...	96,939	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,142	...	...	81,664	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,725	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,186	...	...	52,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,219	...	...	44,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	23,535	...	...	935	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,024	...	...	111,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,851	...	...	94,208	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	30,255	...	...	1,195	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	98,885	...	...	115,142	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	82,544	...	...	94,711	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,720	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,190	...	...	57,671	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,044	...	...	47,965	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	23,535	...	...	935	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,218	...	...	131,154	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,251	...	...	107,734	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	30,260	...	...	1,195	...	...
Under $5,000	355	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	305	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	670	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	945	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,030	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	880	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	990	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,045	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	985	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,015	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,925	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,945	...	...	80	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,885	...	...	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,865	...	...	75	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,810	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,610	...	...	570	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,915	...	...	160	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,015	...	...	110	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,495	...	...	150	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,190	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	30,260	...	...	1,195	...	...
Under $5,000	390	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	305	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	680	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	980	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,150	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,100	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,225	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,235	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,220	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,200	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,325	...	...	100	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,340	...	...	115	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,365	...	...	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,200	...	...	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,015	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,535	...	...	445	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,010	...	...	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,540	...	...	100	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,980	...	...	175	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	22,980	...	...	920	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,786	...	...	110,763	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,876	...	...	93,355	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	7,610	...	...	520	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,582	...	...	98,219	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,366	...	...	83,392	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,325	...	...	320	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,453	...	...	140,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,535	...	...	120,960	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,325	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,985	...	...	78,080	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,259	...	...	67,328	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	22,960	...	...	930	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	113,334	...	...	130,575	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,383	...	...	107,185	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	7,560	...	...	525	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,510	...	...	118,636	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,208	...	...	98,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,305	...	...	325	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,068	...	...	158,626	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,462	...	...	128,436	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,320	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,402	...	...	89,872	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,772	...	...	75,597	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,490	4,585	4,905	305	180	120
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,987	38,318	29,129	48,640	52,864	43,392
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,594	33,560	26,624	41,728	45,312	36,224
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,380	4,625	4,750	305	165	135
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,532	46,081	37,103	54,214	56,914	50,899
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,213	38,223	32,282	45,268	47,463	42,574
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	81,005	39,860	41,145	2,780	1,415	1,365
In the bottom half of the distribution	33,025	15,460	17,560	800	410	385
In the bottom decile	6,395	3,000	3,395	75	40	35
In the second decile	5,825	2,505	3,320	120	65	55
In the third decile	6,055	2,805	3,245	165	85	80
In the fourth decile	6,730	3,235	3,490	205	105	105
In the fifth decile	8,020	3,905	4,115	235	125	110
In the top half of the distribution	47,975	24,400	23,575	1,980	1,005	975
In the sixth decile	8,985	4,470	4,515	255	120	135
In the seventh decile	9,670	4,915	4,760	325	165	160
In the eighth decile	10,525	5,360	5,165	365	185	185
In the ninth decile	10,665	5,430	5,235	470	235	235
In the top decile	8,125	4,225	3,900	565	295	270
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	81,005	39,860	41,140	2,780	1,415	1,370
0 to 17 years	17,660	9,010	8,650	400	200	205
0 to 5 years	5,530	2,840	2,690	135	75	60
18 to 64 years	52,285	25,750	26,530	1,720	865	860
65 years and over	11,065	5,100	5,960	660	355	305
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,690	3,910	4,780	125	60	60
0 to 17 years	2,260	1,150	1,115	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	710	365	345	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,935	2,195	2,740	70	35	35
65 years and over	1,495	560	935	40	25	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.7	9.8	11.6	4.5	4.2	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	12.8	12.9	3.8	2.5	4.9
0 to 5 years (%)	12.8	12.9	12.8	3.7	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4	8.5	10.3	4.1	4.0	4.1
65 years and over (%)	13.5	11.0	15.7	6.1	7.0	4.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,155	3,265	3,880	30	15	15
0 to 17 years	1,845	920	920	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	545	260	280	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,395	2,025	2,370	25	20	10
65 years and over	910	320	595	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.8	8.2	9.4	1.1	1.1	1.1
0 to 17 years (%)	10.4	10.2	10.6	1.3	0.0	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	9.9	9.2	10.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.4	7.9	8.9	1.5	2.3	1.2
65 years and over (%)	8.2	6.3	10.0	0.0	0.0	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	80,970	39,840	41,130	2,780	1,415	1,365
Official languages	80,225	39,520	40,705	2,780	1,415	1,360
English	80,205	39,510	40,695	2,760	1,405	1,355
French	5,145	2,280	2,865	310	145	170
Non-official languages	15,485	7,350	8,130	235	115	120
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15,480	7,355	8,125	235	115	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	350	205	150	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	340	195	145	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	285	165	120	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	15	15	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	15	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	380	180	200	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	355	165	185	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,360	570	785	0	0	0
Bikol	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	10	30	0	0	0
Fijian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	70	20	50	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	105	50	55	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,220	500	720	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	0	0	0
Creole languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	140	65	70	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	50	30	25	0	0	0
Telugu	70	35	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,685	4,615	5,065	155	85	75
Albanian	30	15	0	0	0	0
Armenian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,070	940	1,125	35	0	30
Baltic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,050	930	1,120	35	10	30
Belarusan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Croatian	160	75	80	0	0	0
Czech	225	105	120	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	650	265	390	20	0	20
Russian	705	335	375	0	0	0
Serbian	65	45	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	110	60	50	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	205	85	120	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,260	1,100	1,155	65	45	20
Afrikaans	325	170	160	0	0	0
Danish	95	40	50	20	15	10
Dutch	495	230	265	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,260	635	620	40	25	20
Icelandic	20	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	80	25	50	0	0	0
Swedish	45	20	25	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	135	80	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,390	1,145	1,245	0	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,735	825	905	0	0	0
Bengali	25	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	150	75	75	0	0	0
Hindi	635	280	355	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	65	30	40	0	0	0
Nepali	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,135	560	575	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	150	80	75	0	0	0
Iranian languages	665	320	350	10	0	0
Kurdish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Pashto	35	10	20	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	640	310	325	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,970	1,410	1,560	60	35	25
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	430	190	235	35	20	15
Portuguese	340	170	170	10	10	0
Romanian	460	220	240	0	0	0
Spanish	1,850	860	990	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	360	125	235	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	850	440	410	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	155	60	95	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	50	15	30	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	20	20	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	10	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	220	105	110	10	0	10
American Sign Language	60	25	40	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	155	85	65	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,840	855	990	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,830	850	975	0	0	0
Cantonese	630	300	325	0	0	0
Hakka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,240	550	690	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	160	60	100	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	105	70	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	40	30	10	0	0	0
Turkish	60	40	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	375	185	190	75	35	40
Estonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	110	50	60	70	30	45
Hungarian	255	130	130	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	80,970	39,845	41,130	2,780	1,415	1,365
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	76,965	37,910	39,050	2,740	1,390	1,350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,935	8,585	8,350	405	205	200
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	60,025	29,325	30,705	2,335	1,190	1,150
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,010	1,930	2,080	40	30	15
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	80,975	39,840	41,130	2,785	1,415	1,370
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	64,810	32,070	32,745	2,560	1,295	1,270
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	15,465	7,455	8,005	215	120	90
Before 1981	5,345	2,655	2,690	170	100	75
1981 to 1990	1,725	855	870	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	3,200	1,415	1,785	10	10	10
2001 to 2010	3,675	1,765	1,910	15	10	0
2001 to 2005	1,645	790	855	10	10	10
2006 to 2010	2,025	975	1,050	0	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,515	765	750	10	10	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	705	320	380	10	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	15,460	7,455	8,010	215	120	95
Under 5 years	1,925	990	930	70	30	35
5 to 14 years	3,025	1,570	1,460	40	25	15
15 to 24 years	2,960	1,335	1,625	55	35	20
25 to 44 years	6,435	2,965	3,470	55	20	30
45 years and over	1,110	595	515	0	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15,465	7,455	8,005	215	120	95
Americas	1,665	770	895	30	10	15
Brazil	60	15	45	0	0	0
Colombia	115	50	65	0	0	0
El Salvador	150	95	55	0	0	0
Guyana	30	15	15	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	50	20	30	0	0	0
Mexico	205	80	120	0	0	0
Peru	80	25	55	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65	40	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	575	265	315	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Americas	320	160	155	0	0	0
Europe	7,045	3,500	3,540	180	105	80
Bosnia and Herzegovina	50	15	30	0	0	0
Croatia	160	80	80	0	0	0
France	35	20	20	0	0	0
Germany	595	320	280	25	10	15
Greece	50	35	10	0	0	0
Hungary	120	55	60	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	130	70	60	0	0	0
Italy	175	90	85	30	15	15
Netherlands	420	205	220	10	0	0
Poland	475	200	280	0	0	0
Portugal	130	70	60	0	10	0
Romania	390	185	200	0	0	0
Russian Federation	200	90	105	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	55	35	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	165	75	90	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	3,115	1,555	1,560	25	20	10
Other places of birth in Europe	770	390	380	85	45	40
Africa	930	495	435	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	70	35	35	0	0	0
Ethiopia	30	25	0	0	0	0
Kenya	40	15	25	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	75	35	40	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	470	240	230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	220	130	90	0	0	0
Asia	5,555	2,555	3,000	0	0	0
Afghanistan	130	65	65	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	665	295	370	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	270	120	145	0	0	0
India	850	415	430	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	405	205	205	0	0	0
Iraq	40	20	15	0	0	0
Japan	100	15	90	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	610	305	305	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	15	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	80	25	50	0	0	0
Philippines	1,200	495	705	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	15	25	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	75	50	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	230	105	125	0	0	0
Viet Nam	235	125	110	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	580	270	310	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	265	130	140	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,520	770	750	10	0	0
Americas	195	70	115	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	15	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	35	10	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	70	25	40	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	20	0	0	0
Europe	345	195	155	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	35	20	15	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	40	25	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	10	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	160	105	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	25	20	0	0	0
Africa	80	40	40	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	875	440	435	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	165	80	85	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	10	0	0	0
India	135	55	80	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	40	30	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	340	165	175	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	20	15	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	35	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	10	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Australia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	80,975	39,845	41,130	2,785	1,415	1,365
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	16,620	8,025	8,595	225	125	95
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	17,750	8,685	9,065	575	265	300
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	46,600	23,130	23,470	1,985	1,020	965
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10,375	4,945	5,435	45	25	30
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	6,040	2,940	3,105	10	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,285	1,400	885	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,755	1,540	2,220	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,885	1,190	1,700	20	10	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,405	790	620	10	10	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	80,975	39,840	41,130	2,780	1,415	1,365
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,815	1,760	2,050	135	55	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,720	1,735	1,985	130	55	80
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,955	885	1,065	55	20	35
Métis	1,760	850	910	80	40	45
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	65	20	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	77,160	38,075	39,080	2,650	1,360	1,285
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	80,975	39,840	41,130	2,780	1,415	1,365
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	940	410	535	50	15	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	80,035	39,435	40,595	2,730	1,400	1,335
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	80,970	39,840	41,130	2,785	1,415	1,370
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	380	195	185	30	15	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	370	195	180	30	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	210	100	110	25	15	10
Métis single ancestry	160	95	70	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,935	1,780	2,155	140	55	85
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,765	1,695	2,075	135	60	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,205	965	1,240	45	10	25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,535	720	820	90	45	50
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	170	90	85	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	80	80	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	76,655	37,865	38,790	2,605	1,345	1,265
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	80,970	39,845	41,130	2,780	1,415	1,370
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	12,115	5,700	6,420	15	10	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	2,480	1,245	1,235	0	0	0
Chinese	2,340	1,085	1,260	0	0	0
Black	945	435	505	0	0	0
Filipino	1,810	795	1,020	0	0	0
Latin American	875	410	465	0	0	0
Arab	160	80	80	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	705	310	395	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	740	355	380	0	0	0
Korean	840	435	405	0	0	0
Japanese	570	245	320	0	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	195	85	115	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	465	230	240	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	68,855	34,140	34,715	2,765	1,405	1,360
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	80,975	39,840	41,130	2,780	1,415	1,365
North American Aboriginal origins	4,315	1,980	2,340	170	70	100
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,585	1,145	1,435	75	25	50
Inuit	35	25	10	0	0	0
Métis	1,880	900	975	105	40	65
Other North American origins	22,045	10,995	11,050	675	370	310
Acadian	25	15	15	0	0	0
American	1,360	680	680	25	15	0
Canadian	21,175	10,530	10,645	655	360	300
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	25	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	20	10	10	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	62,330	30,745	31,585	2,530	1,275	1,260
British Isles origins	43,835	21,560	22,275	1,500	730	775
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	27,190	13,145	14,040	975	435	535
Irish	15,010	7,155	7,855	570	270	300
Manx	45	25	20	0	0	0
Scottish	19,835	9,775	10,065	705	320	390
Welsh	2,550	1,245	1,305	25	20	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,445	1,180	1,265	40	35	0
French origins	8,885	4,170	4,715	545	265	285
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,875	4,165	4,715	545	265	285
Western European origins (except French origins)	17,610	8,505	9,110	470	230	240
Austrian	1,105	540	565	25	15	0
Bavarian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Belgian	460	235	220	15	0	15
Dutch	4,650	2,180	2,470	90	45	50
Flemish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	12,595	6,140	6,455	365	175	195
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	350	140	210	25	10	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	8,215	3,970	4,245	660	350	315
Danish	1,285	635	645	80	60	15
Finnish	1,055	560	490	375	200	180
Icelandic	665	305	360	30	20	10
Norwegian	3,135	1,525	1,605	105	45	60
Swedish	2,425	1,120	1,305	150	70	80
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	430	175	250	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	13,005	6,405	6,600	610	295	315
Bulgarian	120	65	60	0	0	0
Byelorussian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Czech	700	375	330	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	120	50	75	0	0	0
Estonian	145	100	50	10	10	10
Hungarian	1,315	685	630	25	15	10
Latvian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	85	55	30	10	10	0
Moldovan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	3,490	1,690	1,805	185	80	105
Romanian	875	420	455	15	0	10
Russian	2,525	1,220	1,305	25	15	15
Slovak	230	105	125	50	30	25
Ukrainian	5,270	2,525	2,740	380	190	190
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,580	3,955	3,625	385	210	175
Albanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	415	240	180	10	0	0
Cypriot	15	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	455	255	205	20	20	0
Italian	4,025	2,140	1,885	320	180	140
Kosovar	20	15	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,185	630	555	25	10	15
Serbian	195	110	85	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	120	50	65	20	15	0
Spanish	1,230	565	660	15	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	265	115	145	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other European origins	550	295	250	10	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	170	85	85	0	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	375	205	165	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	690	280	405	0	0	0
Antiguan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	60	20	35	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	30	10	25	0	0	0
Grenadian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	345	150	200	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	100	35	65	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	55	30	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,435	725	715	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	20	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	80	30	45	0	0	0
Chilean	105	50	55	0	0	0
Colombian	165	85	80	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Guatemalan	55	30	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mexican	510	245	265	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	25	15	20	0	0	0
Paraguayan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	145	65	80	0	0	0
Salvadorean	175	95	80	0	0	0
Uruguayan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Venezuelan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	30	10	20	0	0	0
African origins	1,415	735	680	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	140	85	60	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	45	30	20	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	50	25	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	120	70	55	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	20	15	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	665	345	320	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	20	20	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	40	35	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	460	250	210	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	40	0	35	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	495	250	250	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	85	45	40	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	410	205	210	0	0	0
Asian origins	10,760	5,095	5,670	20	20	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,465	735	730	10	10	0
Afghan	195	100	95	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Armenian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	635	300	335	0	10	0
Iraqi	45	25	25	0	0	0
Israeli	35	15	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	15	0	15	0	0	0
Kurd	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	130	80	55	10	10	0
Palestinian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	75	35	40	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	55	25	30	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,495	1,190	1,310	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,095	975	1,115	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	115	60	60	0	0	0
Punjabi	200	110	85	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	110	50	55	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	95	50	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	6,880	3,205	3,670	15	0	10
Burmese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese	2,645	1,270	1,380	10	0	0
Filipino	1,920	850	1,070	0	0	0
Hmong	105	55	55	0	0	0
Indonesian	155	75	85	0	0	0
Japanese	730	315	415	0	0	10
Karen	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	880	460	420	0	0	0
Laotian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Singaporean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	195	100	95	0	0	0
Thai	45	25	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	415	180	235	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	635	315	320	15	0	0
Australian	235	130	105	0	0	0
New Zealander	80	50	35	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	320	135	190	10	0	10
Fijian	235	100	135	0	0	0
Hawaiian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maori	30	20	10	10	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	45	0	45	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	30,255	...	...	1,195	...	...
Owner	24,160	...	...	1,150	...	...
Renter	6,095	...	...	45	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	30,255	...	...	1,200	...	...
Condominium	5,830	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	24,425	...	...	1,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	30,250	...	...	1,195	...	...
No bedrooms	95	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	2,895	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,850	...	...	320	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,385	...	...	525	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	11,030	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	30,255	...	...	1,200	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,125	...	...	195	...	...
5 rooms	4,290	...	...	205	...	...
6 rooms	4,165	...	...	205	...	...
7 rooms	3,850	...	...	180	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,820	...	...	410	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	30,255	...	...	1,195	...	...
One person or fewer per room	29,960	...	...	1,195	...	...
More than 1 person per room	295	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	30,255	...	...	1,195	...	...
Suitable	29,205	...	...	1,180	...	...
Not suitable	1,050	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	30,255	...	...	1,195	...	...
1960 or before	2,800	...	...	290	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,950	...	...	370	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,665	...	...	135	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,395	...	...	205	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,670	...	...	60	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,170	...	...	75	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,600	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	30,255	...	...	1,195	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	28,775	...	...	1,105	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,485	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	30,255	...	...	1,195	...	...
1 household maintainer	15,860	...	...	655	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,370	...	...	525	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,025	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	30,255	...	...	1,195	...	...
15 to 24 years	485	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,555	...	...	75	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,305	...	...	145	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,560	...	...	185	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,565	...	...	370	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,970	...	...	260	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,135	...	...	110	...	...
85 years and over	685	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	30,005	...	...	1,195	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	22,700	...	...	1,055	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,310	...	...	140	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,410	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,980	...	...	1,150	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	70.8	...	...	46.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,596	...	...	794	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,600	...	...	1,089	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	598,306	...	...	348,325	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	607,606	...	...	412,896	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,085	...	...	45	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	41.5	...	...	55.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	962	...	...	732	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,088	...	...	1,032	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	66,555	32,460	34,095	2,470	1,260	1,210
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,310	5,330	4,980	365	180	180
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	22,000	10,475	11,530	475	240	235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,245	16,660	17,585	1,630	835	795
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,050	6,155	1,895	290	250	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,105	1,800	1,300	80	70	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,945	4,350	595	210	180	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,380	5,390	8,985	675	295	380
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,930	775	1,160	80	40	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,880	4,340	5,545	590	255	335
Bachelor's degree	6,490	2,770	3,715	410	155	250
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,185	420	765	30	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	180	120	25	20	10
Master's degree	1,685	825	860	75	30	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	210	135	75	50	30	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	45,095	21,980	23,110	1,540	770	770
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,175	2,365	1,810	110	70	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,845	6,705	7,135	265	150	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,075	12,905	14,165	1,165	550	610
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,885	4,610	1,265	180	145	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,160	1,245	920	45	30	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,715	3,365	350	135	110	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,405	4,215	7,195	485	195	290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,535	585	955	50	25	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,250	3,500	4,755	455	185	270
Bachelor's degree	5,415	2,275	3,140	310	125	185
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	975	330	640	30	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	260	150	110	15	0	10
Master's degree	1,430	645	785	60	25	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	175	100	75	40	25	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	66,555	32,460	34,095	2,475	1,265	1,210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	32,310	15,805	16,505	840	425	415
Education	2,405	530	1,875	130	35	95
13. Education	2,410	530	1,875	130	35	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,295	600	700	45	35	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	315	240	70	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	985	350	630	30	15	10
Humanities	1,500	565	935	80	35	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	155	20	135	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	405	115	290	15	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	405	180	225	25	20	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	45	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	240	115	125	0	0	0
54. History	180	95	90	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	40	0	40	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,565	1,015	2,545	135	40	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	245	85	160	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	815	45	765	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	645	95	545	15	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	25	15	0	10
42. Psychology	560	140	425	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	1,270	645	625	55	30	25
Business, management and public administration	5,930	2,100	3,835	360	120	240
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	340	95	250	55	10	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,560	2,000	3,565	310	110	195
Physical and life sciences and technologies	820	450	370	45	20	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	265	120	145	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	240	120	115	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	260	180	80	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	30	25	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	890	605	290	10	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	755	550	205	0	0	0
25. Library science	45	0	40	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	45	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,705	8,200	505	410	385	25
04. Architecture and related services	155	110	45	10	0	0
14. Engineering	980	825	160	45	45	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,305	1,165	140	85	75	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,705	2,630	75	65	70	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,225	2,185	35	145	140	0
48. Precision production	1,335	1,285	50	55	55	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	595	345	250	65	40	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	405	200	200	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	190	145	45	50	35	20
Health and related fields	5,870	1,005	4,865	265	55	210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	515	245	270	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	5,280	720	4,565	240	45	195
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	35	35	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,655	1,240	1,420	90	55	30
12. Personal and culinary services	1,645	350	1,295	30	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	400	305	95	25	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	600	580	25	40	35	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	45,090	21,980	23,110	1,540	770	765
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,020	9,075	8,945	375	220	160
Education	1,885	370	1,520	75	25	45
13. Education	1,885	370	1,520	75	25	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,005	465	535	20	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	260	190	65	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	745	275	465	15	10	0
Humanities	1,185	425	760	50	15	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	140	20	120	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	310	90	220	10	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	320	140	175	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	190	95	95	0	0	0
54. History	150	70	80	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	35	0	35	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,965	825	2,135	110	25	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	205	65	140	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	625	50	575	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	550	75	470	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	30	10	0	10
42. Psychology	480	105	375	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,060	525	540	50	20	25
Business, management and public administration	4,835	1,705	3,125	240	65	175
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	75	215	40	10	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,530	1,625	2,900	205	65	140
Physical and life sciences and technologies	635	340	295	40	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	110	110	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	165	70	100	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	205	140	60	10	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	20	20	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	785	535	255	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	690	495	195	0	0	0
25. Library science	35	10	30	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	25	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,705	6,300	405	285	270	20
04. Architecture and related services	100	65	35	10	10	0
14. Engineering	845	705	135	35	35	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	910	800	110	60	50	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,105	2,055	50	55	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,750	1,715	35	90	80	0
48. Precision production	995	960	35	40	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	450	235	220	50	40	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	320	140	180	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	95	40	40	35	10
Health and related fields	4,645	755	3,885	220	45	175
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	400	185	215	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,175	545	3,635	195	30	165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	30	35	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,970	935	1,030	60	35	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,175	235	940	25	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	310	240	70	15	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	480	455	25	25	25	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	66,555	32,460	34,095	2,470	1,260	1,210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,310	15,805	16,510	840	425	415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	34,245	16,660	17,590	1,630	835	800
Location of study inside Canada	28,490	13,800	14,690	1,555	795	760
Same as province or territory of residence	24,455	11,720	12,740	1,475	755	720
Different than province or territory of residence	4,035	2,085	1,950	80	40	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,755	2,855	2,895	75	40	40
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	750	390	355	40	20	20
Philippines	475	170	305	0	0	0
India	250	105	145	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,145	635	510	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	325	135	190	0	0	0
France	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other	2,780	1,400	1,380	30	10	20
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	45,090	21,985	23,115	1,535	770	770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,020	9,075	8,945	375	220	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	27,075	12,905	14,165	1,165	550	610
Location of study inside Canada	22,720	10,840	11,880	1,125	530	595
Same as province or territory of residence	19,690	9,315	10,375	1,065	500	565
Different than province or territory of residence	3,030	1,525	1,505	55	30	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,350	2,070	2,285	40	20	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	605	290	315	25	10	20
Philippines	405	140	270	0	0	0
India	215	90	125	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	690	370	320	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	305	125	180	0	0	0
France	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other	2,100	1,030	1,065	15	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	66,555	32,465	34,095	2,470	1,260	1,210
In the labour force	45,850	24,075	21,780	1,420	745	680
Employed	43,495	22,885	20,610	1,330	685	645
Unemployed	2,355	1,185	1,170	90	55	35
Not in the labour force	20,700	8,385	12,315	1,050	520	530
Participation rate	68.9	74.2	63.9	57.5	59.1	56.2
Employment rate	65.4	70.5	60.4	53.8	54.4	53.3
Unemployment rate	5.1	4.9	5.4	6.3	7.4	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	66,555	32,460	34,095	2,470	1,260	1,210
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	19,255	7,850	11,410	865	405	460
Worked	47,300	24,610	22,685	1,600	855	750
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	24,390	14,580	9,810	790	435	355
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	22,905	10,030	12,880	815	420	395
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	44.4	42.1	40.8	40.0	41.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	45,855	24,075	21,780	1,420	740	680
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	605	285	320	0	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	45,250	23,790	21,460	1,415	740	680
Employee	39,610	20,355	19,260	1,225	620	600
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,635	3,440	2,195	190	115	70
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	45,855	24,080	21,780	1,420	740	680
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	605	285	320	10	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	45,250	23,790	21,460	1,410	740	675
0 Management occupations	5,020	3,060	1,955	205	120	85
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,775	1,450	5,325	220	55	165
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,270	1,825	440	85	65	10
3 Health occupations	2,695	470	2,230	140	20	120
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,080	1,540	3,535	210	75	135
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,380	580	800	45	10	35
6 Sales and service occupations	10,635	4,445	6,190	200	80	115
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,260	8,765	495	260	245	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	760	545	215	30	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,375	1,115	265	30	30	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	45,855	24,075	21,780	1,420	740	680
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	605	285	320	0	10	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	45,250	23,790	21,460	1,410	735	675
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	550	300	250	30	25	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	195	155	35	45	35	10
22 Utilities	240	185	55	15	10	0
23 Construction	5,535	4,890	645	175	140	30
31-33 Manufacturing	3,360	2,500	860	75	65	15
41 Wholesale trade	2,055	1,350	700	45	40	10
44-45 Retail trade	5,510	2,520	2,990	135	60	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,635	2,080	560	80	60	20
51 Information and cultural industries	1,355	835	520	15	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,830	645	1,190	30	10	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	910	480	430	35	20	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,600	1,255	1,345	55	25	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	80	30	45	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,955	1,200	760	20	15	0
61 Educational services	2,990	795	2,195	170	60	115
62 Health care and social assistance	5,130	780	4,350	230	30	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	960	405	555	25	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	2,745	1,045	1,700	95	50	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,185	945	1,235	50	20	25
91 Public administration	2,430	1,385	1,050	90	55	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	43,495	22,890	20,610	1,330	685	645
Worked at home	3,310	1,370	1,940	45	20	30
Worked outside Canada	170	130	35	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,430	5,730	1,705	160	115	45
Worked at usual place	32,585	15,655	16,930	1,125	550	570
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	32,585	15,655	16,930	1,125	550	570
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,085	4,105	6,975	60	30	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	19,815	10,680	9,135	1,010	485	525
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,565	780	780	50	30	15
Commute to a different province or territory	125	85	40	10	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	40,015	21,385	18,630	1,280	665	620
Car, truck, van - as a driver	32,645	17,975	14,670	1,175	610	565
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,115	1,015	1,100	60	20	35
Public transit	3,100	1,360	1,735	0	0	0
Walked	1,485	595	890	0	0	0
Bicycle	185	125	60	0	0	0
Other method	490	315	175	40	30	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	40,015	21,385	18,630	1,280	665	620
Less than 15 minutes	8,615	3,255	5,360	180	110	70
15 to 29 minutes	9,720	4,945	4,780	585	285	300
30 to 44 minutes	8,125	4,630	3,500	365	175	190
45 to 59 minutes	5,365	3,370	2,000	65	30	35
60 minutes and over	8,185	5,195	2,995	85	60	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	40,015	21,385	18,630	1,285	665	620
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,310	4,055	1,255	70	55	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,405	5,295	3,110	185	115	70
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,005	4,260	4,745	485	270	215
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,725	2,490	4,240	295	85	210
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,985	1,630	2,355	115	50	65
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,580	3,650	2,925	135	90	45
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	48,750	25,245	23,500	1,650	865	780
Single responses	48,455	25,110	23,345	1,650	865	780
Official languages	48,140	24,940	23,200	1,645	870	780
English	48,035	24,920	23,115	1,630	860	765
French	110	20	90	15	10	0
Non-official languages	320	170	145	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	315	170	145	0	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	50	35	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	35	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	60	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages	130	60	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	50	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	290	135	160	0	0	0
English and French	60	30	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	220	105	120	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	48,750	25,245	23,500	1,650	870	780
None	47,455	24,695	22,765	1,580	835	745
English	210	75	135	20	10	10
French	295	105	190	35	15	20
Non-official language	760	360	395	10	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	760	360	395	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	80,090	39,405	40,685	2,765	1,415	1,350
Non-movers	67,500	33,295	34,205	2,475	1,260	1,215
Movers	12,590	6,110	6,480	295	155	135
Non-migrants	6,075	2,945	3,130	85	50	40
Migrants	6,510	3,165	3,350	210	110	100
Internal migrants	5,925	2,875	3,050	210	105	100
Intraprovincial migrants	5,205	2,540	2,660	180	95	80
Interprovincial migrants	720	330	390	25	10	15
External migrants	590	295	295	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	76,465	37,565	38,900	2,680	1,375	1,310
Non-movers	44,370	21,955	22,415	2,015	1,020	990
Movers	32,100	15,610	16,490	670	350	320
Non-migrants	15,465	7,545	7,920	215	105	105
Migrants	16,635	8,065	8,565	455	240	210
Internal migrants	14,710	7,120	7,590	455	245	215
Intraprovincial migrants	13,045	6,305	6,740	430	230	200
Interprovincial migrants	1,665	820	845	25	15	10
External migrants	1,925	945	980	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Maple Ridge, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Shuniah, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Maple Ridge, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Shuniah, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Maple Ridge, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Shuniah, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Maple Ridge, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Shuniah, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario