Census Profile, 2016 Census
Esquimalt, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Antigonish, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Esquimalt, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Antigonish, Subd. B, SC Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Esquimalt, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Esquimalt, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Antigonish, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	17,655	...	...	6,306	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	16,209	...	...	6,439	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.9	...	...	-2.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,742	...	...	2,890	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,493	...	...	2,577	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,494.7	...	...	12.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.08	...	...	522.30	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	17,655	9,010	8,640	6,305	3,130	3,175
0 to 14 years	2,125	1,120	1,005	1,055	550	505
0 to 4 years	820	425	395	285	165	125
5 to 9 years	700	370	325	375	200	170
10 to 14 years	610	315	290	395	190	205
15 to 64 years	12,380	6,480	5,900	4,055	1,995	2,065
15 to 19 years	730	385	340	400	190	205
20 to 24 years	1,185	730	450	305	155	155
25 to 29 years	1,350	725	630	245	115	135
30 to 34 years	1,355	720	635	325	175	155
35 to 39 years	1,305	700	610	350	155	195
40 to 44 years	1,095	580	515	425	200	220
45 to 49 years	1,150	570	580	455	235	210
50 to 54 years	1,385	705	680	520	255	270
55 to 59 years	1,445	715	735	530	265	270
60 to 64 years	1,370	650	720	500	250	250
65 years and over	3,150	1,415	1,735	1,190	595	595
65 to 69 years	1,120	540	580	475	245	230
70 to 74 years	710	340	370	290	150	140
75 to 79 years	480	225	255	195	100	100
80 to 84 years	410	185	225	125	65	60
85 years and over	430	135	295	95	35	65
85 to 89 years	285	95	190	60	25	35
90 to 94 years	105	30	75	30	5	20
95 to 99 years	30	10	25	10	0	10
100 years and over	5	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.0	12.4	11.6	16.7	17.6	15.9
15 to 64 years	70.1	71.9	68.3	64.3	63.7	65.0
65 years and over	17.8	15.7	20.1	18.9	19.0	18.7
85 years and over	2.4	1.5	3.4	1.5	1.1	2.0
Average age of the population	43.2	41.7	44.9	42.7	42.5	43.0
Median age of the population	43.4	41.1	45.9	45.4	45.7	45.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,490	...	...	2,580	...	...
Single-detached house	1,995	...	...	2,030	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	560	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,935	...	...	60	...	...
Semi-detached house	690	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	405	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	910	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,910	...	...	50	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,495	...	...	2,580	...	...
1 person	3,415	...	...	610	...	...
2 persons	3,065	...	...	995	...	...
3 persons	1,055	...	...	435	...	...
4 persons	695	...	...	335	...	...
5 or more persons	265	...	...	200	...	...
Number of persons in private households	16,925	...	...	6,305	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	15,530	7,895	7,635	5,250	2,590	2,665
Married or living common law	7,655	3,840	3,815	3,285	1,635	1,645
Married	5,650	2,835	2,815	2,815	1,405	1,405
Living common law	2,005	1,010	995	470	230	240
Not married and not living common law	7,875	4,055	3,820	1,965	950	1,015
Never married	4,830	2,920	1,905	1,285	705	575
Separated	570	285	280	165	80	85
Divorced	1,640	650	990	215	100	120
Widowed	835	195	635	305	60	245
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	4,540	...	...	1,955	...	...
2 persons	2,835	...	...	1,050	...	...
3 persons	940	...	...	430	...	...
4 persons	605	...	...	315	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...	160	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	4,540	...	...	1,955	...	...
Total couple families	3,725	...	...	1,630	...	...
Married couples	2,725	...	...	1,395	...	...
Common-law couples	1,000	...	...	235	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	820	...	...	325	...	...
Female parent	620	...	...	240	...	...
Male parent	195	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,725	...	...	1,630	...	...
Couples without children	2,265	...	...	850	...	...
Couples with children	1,460	...	...	775	...	...
1 child	735	...	...	335	...	...
2 children	570	...	...	290	...	...
3 or more children	150	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	820	...	...	325	...	...
1 child	570	...	...	205	...	...
2 children	205	...	...	95	...	...
3 or more children	40	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,180	2,685	2,500	815	400	410
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,495	...	...	2,575	...	...
One-census-family households	4,400	...	...	1,875	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,190	...	...	820	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,210	...	...	1,060	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	70	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,020	...	...	660	...	...
One-person households	3,415	...	...	615	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	605	...	...	50	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	17,475	8,935	8,535	6,310	3,135	3,170
English only	15,120	7,730	7,395	5,475	2,755	2,725
French only	30	15	15	0	0	0
English and French	2,255	1,155	1,095	830	380	450
Neither English nor French	65	35	30	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	17,470	8,935	8,540	6,305	3,135	3,170
English	16,680	8,490	8,190	5,985	2,985	2,995
French	675	375	300	315	145	170
English and French	60	35	20	5	0	10
Neither English nor French	65	30	30	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	700	395	310	320	150	175
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	4.0	4.4	3.6	5.1	4.8	5.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	17,470	8,935	8,535	6,305	3,135	3,170
Single responses	17,230	8,805	8,420	6,275	3,120	3,160
Official languages	15,585	8,035	7,550	6,180	3,075	3,100
English	14,875	7,635	7,245	5,825	2,915	2,910
French	710	400	310	355	165	190
Non-official languages	1,645	775	870	90	40	55
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,625	770	860	85	35	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	45	30	0	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	45	30	5	5	0
Amharic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	50	30	20	0	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	50	50	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	30	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	240	100	140	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	205	90	115	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	5	0	0	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	775	395	380	75	30	40
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	95	95	5	5	5
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	185	95	95	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	30	30	0	0	0
Russian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	260	135	130	60	25	30
Afrikaans	0	5	0	5	5	5
Danish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	65	35	30	35	15	20
Frisian	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	160	75	85	15	5	10
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	90	45	40	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	70	35	35	5	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	15	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	105	105	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	125	65	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	5	40	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	20	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	220	95	120	0	0	0
Chinese languages	200	85	110	0	0	0
Cantonese	90	40	50	0	0	5
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	35	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	25	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	5	25	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	240	130	115	30	15	15
English and French	85	45	40	30	15	15
English and non-official language	135	70	65	5	5	0
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	17,475	8,935	8,540	6,305	3,135	3,175
Single responses	17,030	8,710	8,320	6,280	3,120	3,155
Official languages	16,445	8,435	8,010	6,255	3,110	3,145
English	16,125	8,265	7,860	6,150	3,060	3,090
French	325	175	150	105	50	55
Non-official languages	585	275	310	25	10	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	585	275	310	25	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	20	20	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	5	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	110	50	60	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	50	50	0	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	90	90	25	5	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	30	25	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	15	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	10	10	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	35	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	50	20	30	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	55	65	0	0	0
Chinese languages	105	55	55	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	20	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	30	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	440	225	215	25	15	15
English and French	80	50	30	15	10	10
English and non-official language	350	170	180	15	5	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	17,475	8,935	8,535	6,305	3,135	3,175
None	16,000	8,220	7,775	5,970	2,995	2,975
English	445	220	225	75	30	40
French	415	200	210	210	90	125
Non-official language	585	280	310	50	20	35
Aboriginal	5	5	0	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	580	275	305	45	15	30
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,820	7,405	7,420	5,245	2,585	2,665
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,435	7,205	7,230	5,065	2,510	2,555
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,593	40,956	31,277	32,174	39,456	26,496
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,450	7,220	7,230	5,065	2,510	2,555
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,830	35,776	28,469	28,821	34,432	24,585
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,895	6,465	6,430	4,410	2,255	2,155
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,244	41,019	28,531	29,158	35,968	24,165
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,245	4,650	5,590	3,850	1,780	2,070
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,082	5,504	6,364	8,572	10,304	7,464
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,965	5,665	5,295	3,730	1,920	1,805
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,785	39,472	28,771	29,707	37,577	24,736
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	14,825	7,405	7,420	5,245	2,620	2,625
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,425	7,195	7,230	5,065	2,565	2,500
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,660	47,543	37,802	40,165	48,140	31,986
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,435	7,205	7,230	5,070	2,570	2,505
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,249	39,803	32,706	33,414	39,105	27,590
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,835	6,450	6,385	4,390	2,275	2,110
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,795	47,720	35,813	38,149	45,886	29,783
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,240	4,640	5,600	3,870	1,845	2,030
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,693	7,378	7,954	9,331	10,258	8,489
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,965	5,695	5,270	3,725	1,950	1,785
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,387	45,188	35,199	38,732	46,730	29,999
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	14,820	7,405	7,420	5,245	2,620	2,625
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,065	2,865	2,200	1,560	805	750
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,549	57,033	46,415	47,704	55,951	40,788
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,399	60,192	53,761	53,157	59,630	46,203
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.3	90.1	83.7	82.2	85.1	78.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.2	74.0	67.6	70.3	73.2	66.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.7	9.9	16.3	17.7	15.1	21.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	14,825	7,405	7,420	5,245	2,585	2,660
Without total income	385	200	190	185	75	110
With total income	14,435	7,205	7,230	5,060	2,510	2,550
Percentage with total income	97.4	97.3	97.4	96.5	97.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,620	710	915	670	275	395
$10,000 to $19,999	2,570	1,120	1,450	915	345	575
$20,000 to $29,999	1,995	875	1,120	790	340	455
$30,000 to $39,999	1,810	810	995	700	310	395
$40,000 to $49,999	1,650	755	900	555	270	290
$50,000 to $59,999	1,180	620	565	385	235	150
$60,000 to $69,999	1,055	650	410	235	170	70
$70,000 to $79,999	920	575	345	220	145	75
$80,000 to $89,999	585	370	210	180	115	70
$90,000 to $99,999	415	275	145	120	75	40
$100,000 and over	635	450	185	285	235	50
$100,000 to $149,999	500	355	145	215	175	40
$150,000 and over	130	95	40	70	65	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	14,825	7,405	7,420	5,245	2,585	2,665
Without after-tax income	370	185	185	180	75	110
With after-tax income	14,450	7,220	7,230	5,065	2,510	2,555
Percentage with after-tax income	97.5	97.5	97.4	96.6	97.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,710	755	955	695	285	415
$10,000 to $19,999	2,685	1,200	1,480	985	380	605
$20,000 to $29,999	2,445	1,080	1,365	955	415	540
$30,000 to $39,999	2,125	975	1,160	830	390	445
$40,000 to $49,999	1,750	855	890	580	340	245
$50,000 to $59,999	1,385	840	550	355	235	120
$60,000 to $69,999	1,065	670	395	265	170	95
$70,000 to $79,999	600	375	220	170	115	55
$80,000 and over	680	470	210	230	195	35
$80,000 to $89,999	305	195	110	75	60	20
$90,000 to $99,999	135	100	35	50	50	5
$100,000 and over	240	175	65	100	90	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	14,820	7,400	7,420	5,245	2,585	2,660
Without employment income	3,860	1,735	2,125	1,520	665	855
With employment income	10,965	5,665	5,295	3,725	1,920	1,805
Percentage with employment income	74.0	76.6	71.4	71.0	74.3	67.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,625	730	895	505	245	265
$5,000 to $9,999	725	325	400	365	145	220
$10,000 to $19,999	1,370	630	745	540	245	295
$20,000 to $29,999	1,315	625	695	470	195	275
$30,000 to $39,999	1,155	555	605	440	170	270
$40,000 to $49,999	1,125	500	625	335	170	165
$50,000 to $59,999	875	465	410	270	180	90
$60,000 to $69,999	800	505	295	175	130	45
$70,000 to $79,999	725	465	255	185	110	75
$80,000 and over	1,245	870	375	445	330	110
$80,000 to $89,999	480	320	155	135	80	55
$90,000 to $99,999	310	215	95	85	55	30
$100,000 and over	460	330	125	220	190	30
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,490	...	...	2,580	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,424	...	...	66,981	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,544	...	...	58,094	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,415	...	...	610	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,316	...	...	30,101	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,584	...	...	27,440	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,075	...	...	1,965	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,584	...	...	81,067	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,799	...	...	69,939	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,490	...	...	2,575	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,453	...	...	78,975	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,616	...	...	65,774	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,420	...	...	620	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,273	...	...	42,058	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,510	...	...	34,737	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,075	...	...	1,960	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,456	...	...	90,619	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,201	...	...	75,563	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,495	...	...	2,580	...	...
Under $5,000	135	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	110	...	...	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	395	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	415	...	...	110	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	445	...	...	115	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	350	...	...	125	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	430	...	...	140	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	405	...	...	130	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	400	...	...	130	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	425	...	...	120	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	700	...	...	195	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	675	...	...	190	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	620	...	...	175	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	500	...	...	175	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	480	...	...	140	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,000	...	...	740	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	815	...	...	275	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	500	...	...	200	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	475	...	...	185	...	...
$200,000 and over	205	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,495	...	...	2,580	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	110	...	...	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	400	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	435	...	...	115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	500	...	...	135	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	485	...	...	145	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	495	...	...	155	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	495	...	...	160	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	480	...	...	140	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	480	...	...	130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	835	...	...	245	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	745	...	...	225	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	605	...	...	235	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	520	...	...	170	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	395	...	...	140	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,360	...	...	480	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	695	...	...	245	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	375	...	...	135	...	...
$150,000 and over	295	...	...	100	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	4,575	...	...	1,940	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,005	...	...	80,384	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,507	...	...	69,632	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,165	...	...	795	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,141	...	...	67,657	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,306	...	...	58,624	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,470	...	...	790	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,267	...	...	110,490	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,726	...	...	92,928	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	790	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,560	...	...	44,608	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,352	...	...	42,432	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	4,595	...	...	1,930	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,979	...	...	90,572	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,385	...	...	75,502	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,170	...	...	805	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,149	...	...	80,830	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,834	...	...	67,714	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,450	...	...	780	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,280	...	...	115,618	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,244	...	...	94,756	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	795	...	...	295	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,749	...	...	51,287	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,987	...	...	45,706	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,835	2,515	2,325	695	350	345
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,945	34,144	30,632	29,760	34,688	25,408
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,782	30,312	27,667	27,200	30,208	23,936
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,795	2,505	2,290	705	375	330
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,216	40,144	36,105	40,505	47,913	32,205
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,014	34,291	31,618	33,546	38,429	28,075
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	16,920	8,510	8,415	6,300	3,135	3,170
In the bottom half of the distribution	9,010	4,425	4,585	3,415	1,610	1,800
In the bottom decile	2,090	1,055	1,040	450	210	240
In the second decile	1,700	815	880	775	325	450
In the third decile	1,720	845	875	750	360	390
In the fourth decile	1,700	825	880	725	355	370
In the fifth decile	1,790	885	910	710	360	350
In the top half of the distribution	7,915	4,085	3,830	2,890	1,520	1,370
In the sixth decile	1,755	885	875	690	365	325
In the seventh decile	1,745	925	815	695	370	325
In the eighth decile	1,835	955	880	710	365	345
In the ninth decile	1,620	840	780	455	235	215
In the top decile	965	485	480	340	185	155
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	16,925	8,510	8,415	6,305	3,130	3,170
0 to 17 years	2,470	1,310	1,165	1,295	670	625
0 to 5 years	935	490	450	370	210	160
18 to 64 years	11,455	5,840	5,615	3,820	1,870	1,950
65 years and over	2,995	1,360	1,630	1,190	590	595
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,635	1,285	1,350	880	380	495
0 to 17 years	425	215	205	205	85	115
0 to 5 years	150	85	70	60	30	30
18 to 64 years	1,740	870	865	415	175	235
65 years and over	470	195	280	255	115	145
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	14.0	12.1	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	17.2	16.4	17.6	15.8	12.7	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	16.0	17.3	15.6	16.2	14.3	18.8
18 to 64 years (%)	15.2	14.9	15.4	10.9	9.4	12.1
65 years and over (%)	15.7	14.3	17.2	21.4	19.5	24.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,810	915	895	175	90	85
0 to 17 years	260	130	135	25	10	15
0 to 5 years	90	45	45	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	1,415	725	690	135	75	65
65 years and over	135	60	75	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.7	10.8	10.6	2.8	2.9	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.5	9.9	11.6	1.9	1.5	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	9.2	10.0	1.4	2.4	3.1
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4	12.4	12.3	3.5	4.0	3.3
65 years and over (%)	4.5	4.4	4.6	1.3	0.8	0.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	16,920	8,505	8,415	6,305	3,135	3,165
Official languages	16,870	8,490	8,380	6,305	3,130	3,170
English	16,840	8,470	8,370	6,300	3,135	3,165
French	2,165	1,045	1,120	830	370	460
Non-official languages	2,400	1,130	1,265	175	70	100
Aboriginal languages	20	15	10	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,375	1,120	1,260	170	70	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	60	30	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	55	30	10	0	0
Amharic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	50	40	15	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	45	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	30	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	305	115	195	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	260	90	170	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,355	650	705	150	70	80
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	80	115	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	195	80	110	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	25	40	0	0	0
Russian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	10	65	25	30
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	60	25	30
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	370	210	165	80	45	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	70	45	20	50	25	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	270	135	135	30	15	10
Icelandic	10	15	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	100	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	145	80	65	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hindi	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Urdu	45	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	25	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	635	265	370	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Portuguese	65	20	45	0	0	0
Romanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	505	205	305	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	120	70	50	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	20	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	25	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	10	35	10	0	0
American Sign Language	40	0	30	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	245	110	135	0	0	0
Chinese languages	240	115	130	0	0	0
Cantonese	90	45	45	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	170	75	95	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	15	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	15	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	0	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	16,925	8,510	8,415	6,305	3,130	3,170
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	16,200	8,180	8,020	6,235	3,105	3,125
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,315	1,230	1,090	1,300	640	665
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,880	6,945	6,935	4,935	2,470	2,465
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	730	330	395	65	25	45
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	16,925	8,510	8,415	6,305	3,135	3,165
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	14,360	7,295	7,070	6,120	3,040	3,080
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,375	1,105	1,265	160	85	80
Before 1981	1,015	510	505	105	50	55
1981 to 1990	275	95	175	0	10	0
1991 to 2000	345	145	200	15	10	10
2001 to 2010	515	270	245	15	10	15
2001 to 2005	245	130	115	0	0	10
2006 to 2010	265	140	125	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	220	80	135	15	10	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	190	110	75	15	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,375	1,105	1,270	165	85	80
Under 5 years	355	190	170	30	15	15
5 to 14 years	385	180	195	50	25	20
15 to 24 years	525	265	260	40	15	25
25 to 44 years	955	400	560	20	15	10
45 years and over	155	65	90	25	10	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,375	1,110	1,270	165	85	80
Americas	430	215	215	65	35	30
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	15	25	0	10	0
Mexico	30	15	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	240	125	120	60	35	30
Other places of birth in Americas	65	40	25	0	0	0
Europe	1,115	555	565	85	45	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	50	25	30	0	0	0
Germany	110	50	55	10	0	10
Greece	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	10	10	0	0
Italy	15	10	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	50	30	20	25	20	10
Poland	65	20	40	0	0	0
Portugal	20	10	15	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	50	25	25	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	575	270	300	40	25	15
Other places of birth in Europe	80	55	30	10	0	0
Africa	90	55	35	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	10	0	0	0
Asia	685	270	415	15	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	85	35	50	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	30	10	25	0	0	0
India	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	35	10	35	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	20	20	0	0	0
Philippines	265	85	180	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	35	35	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	60	20	40	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	220	80	140	15	15	0
Americas	50	20	25	0	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	45	20	20	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	110	30	85	0	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Philippines	50	10	45	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	16,925	8,505	8,415	6,300	3,130	3,170
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,705	1,280	1,420	195	100	95
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,880	1,860	2,025	300	125	170
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	10,335	5,365	4,975	5,810	2,910	2,905
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,415	620	795	55	30	25
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	660	320	340	25	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	320	155	165	15	10	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	340	160	175	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	605	225	375	30	15	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	150	75	75	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	16,925	8,510	8,415	6,300	3,130	3,165
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,190	555	630	800	425	375
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,175	555	620	795	415	380
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	655	335	325	95	50	50
Métis	510	220	290	695	370	330
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	10	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	15,740	7,950	7,785	5,500	2,710	2,795
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	16,920	8,510	8,415	6,300	3,135	3,170
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	490	245	245	130	80	50
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,430	8,265	8,170	6,170	3,050	3,120
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	16,920	8,510	8,415	6,305	3,135	3,170
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	230	130	100	135	90	50
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	230	130	100	135	85	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	195	105	85	55	30	25
Métis single ancestry	35	20	15	80	55	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,225	600	625	730	360	370
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,160	580	575	705	345	365
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	715	370	345	145	55	95
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	420	200	215	565	290	275
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	65	20	50	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	20	50	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	15,470	7,780	7,685	5,435	2,690	2,750
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	16,925	8,510	8,415	6,305	3,130	3,170
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,725	795	925	125	40	85
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	195	110	90	15	0	15
Chinese	325	145	175	10	0	0
Black	275	115	160	85	30	60
Filipino	330	120	215	0	0	0
Latin American	110	50	60	0	0	0
Arab	40	35	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	155	80	75	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	40	25	10	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	25	0	0	0
Japanese	120	45	75	10	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	70	35	30	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	15,200	7,720	7,490	6,175	3,100	3,085
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	16,925	8,505	8,415	6,300	3,135	3,170
North American Aboriginal origins	1,455	730	730	870	445	420
First Nations (North American Indian)	970	495	480	215	100	120
Inuit	30	15	15	0	0	0
Métis	520	240	280	665	360	310
Other North American origins	4,885	2,455	2,430	2,920	1,480	1,440
Acadian	15	10	10	370	175	195
American	330	145	180	45	30	15
Canadian	4,630	2,335	2,295	2,700	1,380	1,325
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	30	0	25	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	13,535	6,800	6,735	4,615	2,255	2,355
British Isles origins	10,405	5,205	5,200	3,600	1,775	1,830
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,515	3,240	3,275	1,165	580	585
Irish	3,965	1,925	2,040	1,705	830	875
Manx	20	0	20	0	0	0
Scottish	4,880	2,410	2,470	2,385	1,195	1,190
Welsh	675	315	360	40	10	25
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	740	330	405	30	15	15
French origins	2,595	1,260	1,335	2,110	990	1,120
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,590	1,260	1,325	2,115	990	1,120
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,195	1,660	1,530	430	200	230
Austrian	245	100	145	10	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	90	55	35	20	10	10
Dutch	755	390	370	240	105	135
Flemish	25	20	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,265	1,200	1,065	165	80	80
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	135	75	65	10	10	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,330	590	740	55	20	40
Danish	235	110	120	30	0	30
Finnish	135	35	100	0	0	0
Icelandic	145	60	85	0	0	0
Norwegian	530	265	270	25	15	10
Swedish	285	110	175	10	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	80	50	30	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,470	1,220	1,250	60	15	50
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	95	40	45	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	210	110	100	30	10	20
Latvian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	785	425	360	15	0	10
Romanian	160	70	90	0	0	0
Russian	535	285	245	0	0	0
Slovak	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	935	430	505	10	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	0	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,090	560	525	70	35	35
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	25	35	0	0	0
Italian	630	345	285	50	30	20
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	130	65	65	10	0	0
Serbian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	145	55	95	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	30	0	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	165	75	90	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	110	50	55	10	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	55	10	40	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	160	60	95	45	20	25
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	85	15	65	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	35	15	20
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	215	90	120	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Colombian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	45	20	25	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	15	10	0	0	0
African origins	275	145	125	80	30	55
Central and West African origins	10	15	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	15	0	0	0	0
North African origins	45	35	15	0	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moroccan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	65	20	40	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	25	10	20	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	145	75	65	80	30	50
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	15	10	0	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	125	65	60	75	30	45
Asian origins	1,510	710	790	80	25	55
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	215	130	80	15	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	10	0	10	10	10
Armenian	45	35	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	70	40	30	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	15	10	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	20	15	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	225	120	100	45	10	35
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	170	95	75	40	10	30
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	40	20	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	10	0	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,085	475	615	25	10	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese	335	155	190	10	0	10
Filipino	405	155	255	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	125	45	80	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	25	0	0	0
Laotian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	40	50	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	95	50	45	0	0	0
Australian	55	30	30	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	25	10	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,495	...	...	2,575	...	...
Owner	4,140	...	...	2,260	...	...
Renter	4,350	...	...	315	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,495	...	...	2,580	...	...
Condominium	1,540	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	6,950	...	...	2,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,490	...	...	2,580	...	...
No bedrooms	95	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,215	...	...	80	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,975	...	...	465	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,130	...	...	1,290	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,075	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,490	...	...	2,575	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,880	...	...	280	...	...
5 rooms	1,520	...	...	585	...	...
6 rooms	1,045	...	...	565	...	...
7 rooms	810	...	...	335	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,235	...	...	810	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,495	...	...	2,575	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,425	...	...	2,565	...	...
More than 1 person per room	65	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,490	...	...	2,575	...	...
Suitable	8,070	...	...	2,525	...	...
Not suitable	425	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,490	...	...	2,580	...	...
1960 or before	2,770	...	...	655	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,455	...	...	670	...	...
1981 to 1990	735	...	...	390	...	...
1991 to 2000	720	...	...	325	...	...
2001 to 2005	255	...	...	195	...	...
2006 to 2010	390	...	...	215	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	170	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,495	...	...	2,575	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,815	...	...	2,370	...	...
Major repairs needed	675	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,495	...	...	2,575	...	...
1 household maintainer	5,325	...	...	1,525	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,950	...	...	1,030	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	220	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,495	...	...	2,575	...	...
15 to 24 years	385	...	...	60	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,350	...	...	280	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,280	...	...	360	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,580	...	...	520	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,745	...	...	590	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,205	...	...	470	...	...
75 to 84 years	680	...	...	215	...	...
85 years and over	270	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,485	...	...	2,515	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,675	...	...	2,185	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,810	...	...	335	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,490	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,140	...	...	2,205	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.7	...	...	53.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	21.6	...	...	10.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,306	...	...	657	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,365	...	...	835	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	480,688	...	...	149,505	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	522,537	...	...	175,996	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,350	...	...	315	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.2	...	...	4.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.1	...	...	33.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	936	...	...	751	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,043	...	...	768	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	14,820	7,405	7,415	5,245	2,620	2,625
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,970	1,060	915	1,200	575	625
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,750	2,420	2,335	1,025	485	535
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,095	3,925	4,170	3,020	1,560	1,465
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,365	940	425	880	660	220
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	640	335	310	430	275	160
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	725	605	120	445	390	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,175	1,385	1,790	1,320	590	735
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	355	110	245	90	45	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,205	1,500	1,705	735	265	470
Bachelor's degree	2,070	955	1,125	515	190	325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	100	145	50	10	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	15	10	10	0
Master's degree	750	360	385	140	40	95
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	100	60	40	25	20	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,145	5,110	5,035	3,340	1,680	1,660
No certificate, diploma or degree	945	535	415	395	240	160
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,915	1,545	1,370	605	305	305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,285	3,030	3,250	2,335	1,140	1,200
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,005	700	305	645	470	175
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	460	230	230	320	190	125
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	545	470	75	330	280	50
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,430	1,105	1,320	1,035	435	605
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	245	75	175	65	45	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,600	1,150	1,450	590	185	400
Bachelor's degree	1,730	760	965	405	135	275
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	60	125	35	0	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	15	0	0	0
Master's degree	590	270	320	120	40	85
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	70	40	20	20	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	14,825	7,405	7,420	5,245	2,620	2,625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,725	3,475	3,245	2,225	1,065	1,160
Education	485	170	315	200	50	150
13. Education	485	170	320	195	45	150
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	360	190	170	15	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	45	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	320	150	170	10	0	0
Humanities	440	230	215	80	35	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	20	30	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	145	75	75	20	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	25	80	25	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	20	10	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	80	65	20	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	10	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,050	375	675	250	50	195
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	65	70	25	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	15	140	105	15	90
22. Legal professions and studies	155	35	115	30	10	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	175	35	140	40	10	35
45. Social sciences	370	210	160	45	15	30
Business, management and public administration	1,400	470	930	510	85	430
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	55	160	60	0	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,175	410	770	455	75	380
Physical and life sciences and technologies	315	180	130	75	30	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	70	65	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	25	30	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	115	85	35	35	15	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	205	105	55	20	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	160	60	40	20	25
25. Library science	30	10	25	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	35	15	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,560	1,435	125	1,090	1,040	50
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	255	220	35	70	70	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	420	375	40	160	145	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	360	345	15	390	375	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	305	285	25	245	235	0
48. Precision production	195	185	10	215	200	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	80	95	100	75	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	40	60	40	30	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	40	35	60	45	15
Health and related fields	1,335	220	1,110	385	45	340
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	20	40	20	0	20
51. Health professions and related programs	1,265	195	1,065	350	40	315
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	10	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	670	375	295	280	135	145
12. Personal and culinary services	440	170	265	175	40	130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	80	65	15	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	115	10	95	90	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,145	5,110	5,035	3,340	1,680	1,660
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,870	2,080	1,790	1,005	540	465
Education	305	95	205	155	30	125
13. Education	305	100	205	150	30	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	275	130	140	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	35	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	235	95	140	10	10	10
Humanities	345	170	175	55	25	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	15	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	110	45	65	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	25	65	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	20	0	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	60	45	15	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	10	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	875	315	560	210	30	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	55	55	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	15	130	85	10	80
22. Legal professions and studies	110	25	90	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	130	25	100	35	0	35
45. Social sciences	305	170	135	40	15	25
Business, management and public administration	1,070	325	745	440	70	365
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	155	25	135	45	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	910	305	610	395	70	330
Physical and life sciences and technologies	260	135	130	45	15	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	50	65	25	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	20	30	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	85	55	30	15	10	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	260	175	80	50	20	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	205	145	60	45	20	25
25. Library science	15	0	15	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	25	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,260	1,135	120	765	725	45
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	210	180	30	55	55	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	330	285	40	110	95	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	295	285	15	250	240	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	235	220	15	170	165	0
48. Precision production	170	160	10	175	165	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	65	80	95	65	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	75	30	45	35	15	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	35	35	60	45	15
Health and related fields	980	185	800	285	40	245
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	20	25	15	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	925	160	765	265	35	230
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	515	300	220	225	110	115
12. Personal and culinary services	335	140	190	150	40	110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	10	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	65	45	15	0	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	90	90	0	70	65	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	14,820	7,405	7,420	5,245	2,620	2,625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,725	3,475	3,250	2,225	1,060	1,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,100	3,930	4,165	3,020	1,560	1,465
Location of study inside Canada	7,085	3,455	3,630	2,980	1,535	1,445
Same as province or territory of residence	4,665	2,130	2,530	2,580	1,330	1,250
Different than province or territory of residence	2,425	1,320	1,100	400	205	195
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,015	475	540	45	25	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	215	125	90	20	15	10
Philippines	140	30	110	0	0	0
India	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	170	65	100	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	45	15	25	0	0	0
France	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other	400	215	185	20	15	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,150	5,110	5,040	3,340	1,675	1,660
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,865	2,080	1,785	1,005	540	460
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,280	3,030	3,250	2,340	1,140	1,200
Location of study inside Canada	5,600	2,730	2,870	2,300	1,120	1,185
Same as province or territory of residence	3,765	1,710	2,055	2,015	975	1,035
Different than province or territory of residence	1,830	1,015	815	285	140	145
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	680	300	375	35	20	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	95	55	45	20	10	10
Philippines	130	25	105	0	0	0
India	15	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	80	35	50	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	15	30	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	300	155	145	20	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	14,825	7,405	7,420	5,245	2,620	2,625
In the labour force	9,740	5,085	4,655	3,415	1,785	1,630
Employed	9,115	4,730	4,385	2,980	1,495	1,490
Unemployed	630	350	280	435	285	145
Not in the labour force	5,080	2,320	2,760	1,830	835	990
Participation rate	65.7	68.7	62.7	65.1	68.1	62.1
Employment rate	61.5	63.9	59.1	56.8	57.1	56.8
Unemployment rate	6.5	6.9	6.0	12.7	16.0	8.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	14,825	7,405	7,415	5,245	2,625	2,625
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,740	2,120	2,620	1,635	760	870
Worked	10,080	5,280	4,795	3,610	1,855	1,755
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,180	2,945	2,235	1,610	835	770
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,900	2,345	2,560	2,005	1,025	980
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.2	42.9	40.0	38.6	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	9,740	5,080	4,655	3,415	1,785	1,635
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	160	85	75	40	25	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	9,585	4,995	4,585	3,375	1,760	1,615
Employee	8,635	4,500	4,130	3,000	1,495	1,500
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	950	495	455	380	260	115
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	9,740	5,080	4,660	3,415	1,785	1,635
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	155	85	75	40	25	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	9,585	5,000	4,590	3,375	1,760	1,615
0 Management occupations	925	550	375	290	170	120
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,465	425	1,045	420	65	350
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	655	510	150	170	140	30
3 Health occupations	655	140	515	280	30	250
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,540	735	805	335	95	240
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	330	175	155	60	20	45
6 Sales and service occupations	2,615	1,190	1,425	780	250	530
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,100	1,020	75	765	745	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	180	145	35	155	150	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	115	105	10	120	85	40
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	9,740	5,080	4,660	3,415	1,780	1,635
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	155	85	70	40	25	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	9,585	4,995	4,585	3,375	1,760	1,615
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55	45	15	230	215	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	0	65	60	0
22 Utilities	20	20	0	35	30	0
23 Construction	530	475	55	445	395	50
31-33 Manufacturing	385	305	80	200	130	70
41 Wholesale trade	150	115	40	75	50	20
44-45 Retail trade	1,105	480	630	450	200	250
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	350	260	95	140	115	25
51 Information and cultural industries	200	100	100	15	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	170	60	110	85	35	50
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	165	60	100	20	25	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	620	340	275	150	65	90
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	580	330	250	65	50	10
61 Educational services	530	190	345	365	125	240
62 Health care and social assistance	1,205	290	915	435	30	410
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	225	140	90	30	0	35
72 Accommodation and food services	835	370	470	275	70	205
81 Other services (except public administration)	435	145	285	145	75	70
91 Public administration	1,985	1,245	740	140	90	55
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	9,115	4,730	4,380	2,980	1,500	1,490
Worked at home	535	280	250	170	95	75
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	10	0	10
No fixed workplace address	1,210	880	320	425	375	50
Worked at usual place	7,350	3,545	3,810	2,380	1,020	1,360
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,355	3,545	3,805	2,380	1,025	1,360
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,570	1,000	565	475	245	230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,640	2,450	3,190	1,220	385	835
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	95	60	35	620	340	275
Commute to a different province or territory	50	30	20	65	50	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	8,560	4,425	4,130	2,805	1,400	1,410
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,800	2,445	2,355	2,470	1,210	1,260
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	440	160	280	175	80	90
Public transit	1,380	615	765	30	30	0
Walked	950	570	380	80	35	40
Bicycle	745	460	285	0	0	0
Other method	245	185	65	55	45	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	8,565	4,425	4,130	2,810	1,395	1,410
Less than 15 minutes	2,865	1,515	1,350	825	400	425
15 to 29 minutes	3,705	1,830	1,875	1,225	570	650
30 to 44 minutes	1,385	805	585	520	230	285
45 to 59 minutes	310	115	200	125	100	25
60 minutes and over	295	170	125	120	100	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	8,560	4,430	4,135	2,810	1,400	1,410
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	335	230	105	245	170	70
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,330	860	470	525	370	155
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,735	1,475	1,255	955	430	520
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,820	725	1,090	485	135	350
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,025	410	620	195	80	115
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,320	725	595	400	205	195
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	10,380	5,400	4,980	3,715	1,915	1,795
Single responses	10,320	5,375	4,940	3,685	1,900	1,785
Official languages	10,290	5,360	4,925	3,685	1,900	1,785
English	10,190	5,330	4,865	3,660	1,885	1,770
French	95	25	65	30	10	15
Non-official languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	10	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	25	40	25	10	15
English and French	40	10	30	20	10	10
English and non-official language	25	15	10	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	10,380	5,400	4,980	3,710	1,915	1,795
None	9,850	5,110	4,745	3,620	1,875	1,750
English	80	25	55	15	10	0
French	325	200	130	55	30	25
Non-official language	120	65	55	20	0	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	120	65	55	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	16,735	8,425	8,315	6,245	3,100	3,145
Non-movers	13,775	6,835	6,940	5,760	2,860	2,905
Movers	2,960	1,590	1,370	480	235	245
Non-migrants	1,765	950	810	255	135	120
Migrants	1,200	635	560	230	105	120
Internal migrants	1,040	565	480	215	105	115
Intraprovincial migrants	490	240	250	175	75	100
Interprovincial migrants	545	320	230	40	30	10
External migrants	160	75	80	15	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	16,050	8,085	7,960	5,990	2,970	3,020
Non-movers	8,135	3,965	4,175	4,740	2,385	2,355
Movers	7,905	4,125	3,790	1,250	585	665
Non-migrants	4,825	2,470	2,360	670	305	365
Migrants	3,085	1,655	1,425	580	280	300
Internal migrants	2,730	1,475	1,250	560	270	290
Intraprovincial migrants	1,270	640	635	405	195	210
Interprovincial migrants	1,455	835	615	155	80	75
External migrants	355	175	180	25	15	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Esquimalt, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Antigonish, Subd. B, SC [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Esquimalt, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Antigonish, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Esquimalt, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Antigonish, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Esquimalt, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Antigonish, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia