Census Profile, 2016 Census
Colwood, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Coaldale [Population centre], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Colwood, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Coaldale Alberta [Population centre]
	Data quality , Colwood, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Colwood, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Coaldale [Population centre], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	16,859	...	...	8,153	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	16,093	...	...	7,239^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.8	...	...	12.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,867	...	...	3,036	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,588	...	...	2,977	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	954.2	...	...	1,378.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	17.67	...	...	5.92	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	16,860	8,290	8,570	8,155	4,105	4,055
0 to 14 years	2,885	1,490	1,400	1,905	995	905
0 to 4 years	970	495	475	680	350	330
5 to 9 years	1,000	525	475	665	365	300
10 to 14 years	915	465	445	560	285	270
15 to 64 years	11,250	5,505	5,745	4,980	2,485	2,495
15 to 19 years	955	490	465	470	245	225
20 to 24 years	880	455	430	480	245	240
25 to 29 years	1,010	485	525	530	280	245
30 to 34 years	1,145	545	595	590	280	310
35 to 39 years	1,195	590	600	520	250	265
40 to 44 years	1,085	545	540	455	240	210
45 to 49 years	1,190	595	595	445	230	220
50 to 54 years	1,315	640	675	515	245	275
55 to 59 years	1,315	630	685	520	260	260
60 to 64 years	1,155	525	630	455	215	240
65 years and over	2,720	1,295	1,425	1,270	620	655
65 to 69 years	985	465	520	415	200	215
70 to 74 years	730	365	365	300	140	160
75 to 79 years	450	220	235	215	110	105
80 to 84 years	290	135	160	160	80	80
85 years and over	260	115	145	180	85	90
85 to 89 years	170	80	85	120	60	60
90 to 94 years	70	25	45	45	20	20
95 to 99 years	20	5	15	10	0	10
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	18.0	16.3	23.4	24.2	22.3
15 to 64 years	66.7	66.4	67.0	61.1	60.5	61.5
65 years and over	16.1	15.6	16.6	15.6	15.1	16.2
85 years and over	1.5	1.4	1.7	2.2	2.1	2.2
Average age of the population	40.9	40.2	41.5	37.7	37.0	38.4
Median age of the population	41.6	40.7	42.4	35.9	35.1	37.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,585	...	...	2,980	...	...
Single-detached house	3,360	...	...	2,295	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	125	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,100	...	...	410	...	...
Semi-detached house	740	...	...	120	...	...
Row house	465	...	...	115	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,295	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	595	...	...	125	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,585	...	...	2,975	...	...
1 person	1,365	...	...	575	...	...
2 persons	2,510	...	...	1,135	...	...
3 persons	1,160	...	...	430	...	...
4 persons	1,105	...	...	490	...	...
5 or more persons	445	...	...	350	...	...
Number of persons in private households	16,720	...	...	8,040	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	13,970	6,805	7,175	6,255	3,105	3,150
Married or living common law	8,920	4,455	4,460	4,230	2,120	2,105
Married	7,370	3,680	3,685	3,735	1,880	1,855
Living common law	1,555	775	780	495	245	255
Not married and not living common law	5,055	2,345	2,710	2,025	980	1,040
Never married	3,135	1,700	1,440	1,285	745	540
Separated	415	175	240	110	45	65
Divorced	900	330	565	325	130	195
Widowed	600	145	460	305	70	240
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,125	...	...	2,340	...	...
2 persons	2,745	...	...	1,165	...	...
3 persons	1,105	...	...	415	...	...
4 persons	1,000	...	...	460	...	...
5 or more persons	285	...	...	300	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,125	...	...	2,340	...	...
Total couple families	4,410	...	...	2,075	...	...
Married couples	3,630	...	...	1,830	...	...
Common-law couples	775	...	...	250	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	725	...	...	265	...	...
Female parent	525	...	...	210	...	...
Male parent	195	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,410	...	...	2,075	...	...
Couples without children	2,290	...	...	1,010	...	...
Couples with children	2,120	...	...	1,065	...	...
1 child	885	...	...	350	...	...
2 children	960	...	...	425	...	...
3 or more children	275	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	725	...	...	265	...	...
1 child	455	...	...	155	...	...
2 children	220	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,445	1,130	1,315	975	495	480
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,590	...	...	2,975	...	...
One-census-family households	4,870	...	...	2,240	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,135	...	...	965	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,735	...	...	1,270	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	130	...	...	50	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,590	...	...	690	...	...
One-person households	1,365	...	...	575	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	225	...	...	115	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	16,835	8,275	8,560	8,040	4,040	4,000
English only	15,475	7,620	7,855	7,825	3,950	3,880
French only	15	5	5	0	0	0
English and French	1,305	630	675	170	80	95
Neither English nor French	40	15	15	40	15	25
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	16,835	8,275	8,560	8,045	4,040	4,005
English	16,435	8,055	8,380	7,955	3,995	3,955
French	330	180	145	50	30	15
English and French	30	15	15	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	35	20	15	40	15	25
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	345	190	155	50	25	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	2.3	1.8	0.6	0.6	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	16,835	8,275	8,560	8,045	4,040	4,005
Single responses	16,675	8,195	8,475	7,980	4,015	3,975
Official languages	15,480	7,675	7,805	6,905	3,500	3,405
English	15,140	7,490	7,645	6,850	3,470	3,385
French	340	185	155	55	35	20
Non-official languages	1,195	520	675	1,075	510	565
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,195	520	670	1,075	510	565
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	10	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	10	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	5	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	30	70	20	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	25	55	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	740	335	405	970	465	500
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	65	90	60	30	30
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	60	90	60	30	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	0	5	5	0
Czech	25	10	10	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	25	20	15	5	10
Russian	35	15	25	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	20	20	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	275	120	155	850	410	440
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	5	5	0
Dutch	75	35	40	170	90	80
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	165	70	100	675	320	355
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	5	0	5
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	65	30	35	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	25	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	5	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	220	100	115	50	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	20	0	0	5
Portuguese	80	35	45	0	0	0
Romanian	15	5	10	5	0	0
Spanish	95	45	50	45	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	15	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	25	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	165	80	85	15	10	5
Chinese languages	160	75	85	15	10	5
Cantonese	55	35	25	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	95	35	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	15	25	20	10	15
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	15	20	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	160	80	80	65	30	35
English and French	55	30	30	5	5	0
English and non-official language	95	45	50	55	25	30
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	16,835	8,275	8,560	8,045	4,040	4,005
Single responses	16,585	8,175	8,415	7,950	4,005	3,950
Official languages	16,265	8,020	8,245	7,635	3,845	3,785
English	16,135	7,955	8,185	7,625	3,840	3,785
French	125	60	65	10	5	5
Non-official languages	325	155	170	320	155	165
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	325	155	170	320	155	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	20	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	60	60	280	135	145
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	20	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	15	20	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	255	120	135
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	230	115	120
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	25	20	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	30	15	10	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	10	10	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	35	50	10	5	5
Chinese languages	85	35	45	5	5	0
Cantonese	15	5	10	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	25	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	100	140	90	40	55
English and French	40	20	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	205	80	120	95	40	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	16,835	8,275	8,560	8,045	4,040	4,000
None	15,870	7,835	8,030	7,495	3,785	3,710
English	225	105	120	170	80	90
French	250	125	130	45	20	25
Non-official language	475	205	270	335	160	180
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	470	205	265	330	155	175
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	10	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,840	6,730	7,105	6,140	3,045	3,100
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,360	6,505	6,850	5,915	2,935	2,980
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,915	53,022	33,595	39,215	51,950	29,171
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,370	6,515	6,855	5,915	2,935	2,985
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,893	45,361	30,319	35,170	45,389	27,211
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,525	6,210	6,310	5,420	2,780	2,640
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,141	50,121	30,042	37,615	51,243	26,773
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,660	3,520	5,135	3,720	1,470	2,250
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,895	7,075	5,483	6,944	7,563	6,656
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,695	5,475	5,215	4,580	2,410	2,170
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,182	48,370	30,581	40,149	53,120	29,227
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	13,835	6,730	7,105	6,170	3,050	3,115
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,435	6,560	6,875	5,930	2,935	2,995
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,460	63,804	37,727	48,925	60,629	37,441
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,460	6,580	6,880	5,925	2,935	2,990
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,949	51,362	32,947	41,388	50,341	32,603
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,550	6,250	6,295	5,440	2,810	2,635
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,648	62,431	34,971	47,476	58,565	35,655
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,670	3,540	5,130	3,700	1,485	2,215
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,795	8,034	7,630	8,627	9,228	8,224
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,695	5,510	5,180	4,595	2,425	2,165
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,074	55,723	33,752	48,418	58,096	37,575
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	13,835	6,730	7,110	6,165	3,050	3,115
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,105	2,920	2,185	2,325	1,435	890
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	56,342	63,989	47,461	55,098	60,868	47,764
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	64,783	75,918	49,888	65,313	70,551	56,828
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.7	92.5	85.7	88.8	92.6	82.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.9	74.4	68.3	75.8	79.4	69.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.3	7.5	14.4	11.2	7.4	17.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	13,840	6,730	7,105	6,140	3,040	3,100
Without total income	480	220	260	225	110	120
With total income	13,360	6,505	6,855	5,920	2,935	2,985
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.7	96.5	96.4	96.5	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,570	595	975	670	205	465
$10,000 to $19,999	1,780	635	1,145	855	285	570
$20,000 to $29,999	1,480	545	930	825	340	485
$30,000 to $39,999	1,580	605	975	660	255	410
$40,000 to $49,999	1,500	680	820	655	315	335
$50,000 to $59,999	1,360	680	680	590	340	250
$60,000 to $69,999	1,140	680	460	445	300	140
$70,000 to $79,999	970	650	320	340	245	90
$80,000 to $89,999	645	430	210	230	155	70
$90,000 to $99,999	460	330	130	180	125	60
$100,000 and over	890	680	210	470	370	105
$100,000 to $149,999	700	535	165	350	265	85
$150,000 and over	190	140	45	120	100	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,840	6,730	7,110	6,145	3,045	3,100
Without after-tax income	465	215	255	225	105	120
With after-tax income	13,370	6,515	6,855	5,915	2,935	2,985
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.8	96.4	96.3	96.4	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,665	635	1,030	690	210	480
$10,000 to $19,999	1,865	685	1,180	885	300	585
$20,000 to $29,999	1,905	720	1,180	960	380	580
$30,000 to $39,999	1,825	755	1,075	825	365	460
$40,000 to $49,999	1,820	880	940	805	435	370
$50,000 to $59,999	1,560	930	630	595	395	205
$60,000 to $69,999	1,095	725	365	380	275	105
$70,000 to $79,999	720	495	225	285	190	95
$80,000 and over	920	690	230	480	375	100
$80,000 to $89,999	370	265	105	155	115	35
$90,000 to $99,999	215	165	50	115	85	30
$100,000 and over	335	260	75	210	170	35
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	13,835	6,730	7,105	6,140	3,040	3,100
Without employment income	3,145	1,250	1,890	1,565	630	930
With employment income	10,695	5,475	5,215	4,580	2,410	2,165
Percentage with employment income	77.3	81.4	73.4	74.6	79.3	69.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,720	840	880	505	200	305
$5,000 to $9,999	665	265	395	315	125	190
$10,000 to $19,999	1,160	440	720	505	180	325
$20,000 to $29,999	970	390	580	455	175	285
$30,000 to $39,999	1,025	435	590	495	200	290
$40,000 to $49,999	1,100	455	650	480	230	245
$50,000 to $59,999	970	495	470	455	280	180
$60,000 to $69,999	820	510	305	365	265	105
$70,000 to $79,999	770	500	270	280	210	70
$80,000 and over	1,500	1,140	360	720	545	175
$80,000 to $89,999	525	375	160	205	140	60
$90,000 to $99,999	365	280	90	145	100	40
$100,000 and over	605	485	120	370	300	65
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,590	...	...	2,975	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,668	...	...	81,062	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,939	...	...	71,765	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,360	...	...	575	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,928	...	...	36,309	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,152	...	...	33,579	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,225	...	...	2,400	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,893	...	...	92,453	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,414	...	...	80,589	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,590	...	...	2,990	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	102,904	...	...	97,142	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	85,690	...	...	82,177	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,365	...	...	570	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,572	...	...	43,179	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,140	...	...	37,717	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,225	...	...	2,415	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	117,084	...	...	109,877	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,317	...	...	92,669	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,585	...	...	2,975	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	115	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	135	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	160	...	...	80	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	180	...	...	95	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	205	...	...	125	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	210	...	...	120	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	215	...	...	100	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	480	...	...	225	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	480	...	...	220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	560	...	...	260	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	545	...	...	215	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	490	...	...	185	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,590	...	...	1,100	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	890	...	...	405	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	680	...	...	260	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	675	...	...	270	...	...
$200,000 and over	345	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,585	...	...	2,980	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	110	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	140	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	160	...	...	130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	190	...	...	90	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...	105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	250	...	...	155	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	300	...	...	125	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	250	...	...	135	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	620	...	...	280	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	670	...	...	295	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	650	...	...	295	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	550	...	...	210	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	470	...	...	220	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,890	...	...	815	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	875	...	...	380	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	525	...	...	205	...	...
$150,000 and over	490	...	...	230	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,065	...	...	2,325	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,658	...	...	91,941	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,315	...	...	80,171	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,085	...	...	945	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,713	...	...	82,916	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,800	...	...	73,536	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,145	...	...	1,085	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,885	...	...	110,507	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,444	...	...	94,976	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	680	...	...	240	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,355	...	...	56,576	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,747	...	...	52,224	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,065	...	...	2,340	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,149	...	...	108,891	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,360	...	...	91,767	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,075	...	...	950	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,592	...	...	106,170	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,183	...	...	87,549	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,145	...	...	1,095	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,308	...	...	120,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,400	...	...	102,768	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	680	...	...	235	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,004	...	...	62,832	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,378	...	...	55,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,095	985	1,105	815	425	390
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	39,717	44,096	36,768	35,584	41,429	30,816
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,328	38,323	33,120	32,320	36,117	29,094
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,090	950	1,135	815	445	375
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	42,786	45,001	40,934	43,804	49,940	36,564
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,501	37,756	35,453	38,053	42,422	32,897
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	16,720	8,220	8,505	8,045	4,040	4,005
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,700	3,160	3,545	3,870	1,900	1,970
In the bottom decile	1,015	485	530	410	200	205
In the second decile	915	400	515	720	325	390
In the third decile	1,245	575	670	930	460	465
In the fourth decile	1,690	800	890	880	435	450
In the fifth decile	1,845	895	945	930	470	455
In the top half of the distribution	10,020	5,060	4,960	4,175	2,140	2,030
In the sixth decile	2,115	1,035	1,085	925	470	455
In the seventh decile	2,195	1,110	1,085	855	425	430
In the eighth decile	2,135	1,105	1,030	860	445	415
In the ninth decile	2,140	1,095	1,045	865	450	415
In the top decile	1,440	725	715	670	355	315
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	16,720	8,215	8,505	8,040	4,040	4,005
0 to 17 years	3,455	1,780	1,675	2,180	1,140	1,045
0 to 5 years	1,165	600	565	805	410	400
18 to 64 years	10,645	5,195	5,455	4,700	2,340	2,355
65 years and over	2,625	1,250	1,375	1,160	560	605
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,265	570	695	765	350	415
0 to 17 years	330	185	150	305	155	155
0 to 5 years	105	55	50	115	50	60
18 to 64 years	775	330	440	370	165	205
65 years and over	170	55	105	85	30	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.6	6.9	8.2	9.5	8.7	10.4
0 to 17 years (%)	9.6	10.4	9.0	14.0	13.6	14.8
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	9.2	8.8	14.3	12.2	15.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.3	6.4	8.1	7.9	7.1	8.7
65 years and over (%)	6.5	4.4	7.6	7.3	5.4	9.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	850	400	450	265	140	125
0 to 17 years	185	90	95	90	55	40
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	20	15	5
18 to 64 years	615	285	335	160	75	85
65 years and over	55	20	30	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.1	4.9	5.3	3.3	3.5	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4	5.1	5.7	4.1	4.8	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.9	3.3	4.4	2.5	3.7	1.3
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.5	6.1	3.4	3.2	3.6
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.6	2.2	1.3	1.8	0.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	16,725	8,215	8,505	8,060	4,040	4,015
Official languages	16,675	8,190	8,485	8,030	4,035	4,005
English	16,675	8,190	8,480	8,030	4,030	4,000
French	1,305	610	695	180	80	100
Non-official languages	1,795	810	985	1,255	585	665
Aboriginal languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,790	810	985	1,255	585	665
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	145	45	95	35	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	45	85	25	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	20	10	0	10	10
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tamil	15	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,120	515	610	1,130	535	600
Albanian	20	20	0	20	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	150	50	100	70	50	20
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	150	50	95	70	50	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	10
Czech	35	15	20	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	20	40	10	0	0
Russian	15	0	10	35	25	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	25	20	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	400	200	210	920	410	505
Afrikaans	25	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	15	0	0	0
Dutch	80	35	40	185	75	105
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	270	125	140	740	335	405
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	30
Greek	15	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	115	50	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	90	35	50	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	450	215	235	150	85	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	35	25	10	0	10
Portuguese	70	25	45	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Spanish	325	155	175	145	85	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	75	30	45	30	15	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	30	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	70	40	30	10	0	10
American Sign Language	35	15	25	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	210	95	110	25	10	15
Chinese languages	200	90	105	25	10	15
Cantonese	80	50	30	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	145	55	80	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Uralic languages	55	15	40	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	15	35	15	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	16,725	8,220	8,505	8,060	4,040	4,020
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	16,225	8,000	8,230	7,845	3,945	3,895
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,305	1,710	1,600	2,180	1,125	1,060
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	12,925	6,290	6,630	5,665	2,820	2,840
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	495	220	270	215	95	120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	16,720	8,220	8,505	8,055	4,040	4,015
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	14,720	7,230	7,490	7,205	3,630	3,575
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,915	945	970	805	390	405
Before 1981	1,010	510	505	370	190	185
1981 to 1990	260	115	150	50	15	35
1991 to 2000	210	125	85	80	55	20
2001 to 2010	275	145	125	255	110	145
2001 to 2005	155	65	90	130	60	65
2006 to 2010	120	80	45	125	50	75
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	160	55	100	50	20	25
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	90	45	45	55	20	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,910	945	970	800	390	405
Under 5 years	320	160	160	170	80	90
5 to 14 years	425	225	195	180	95	85
15 to 24 years	395	165	225	205	105	105
25 to 44 years	690	345	345	210	100	110
45 years and over	90	50	35	30	15	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,915	945	975	800	390	405
Americas	305	175	130	315	155	160
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	35	10	20	165	85	85
Peru	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	165	105	60	90	55	40
Other places of birth in Americas	65	35	25	35	10	25
Europe	1,025	515	515	385	195	190
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	25	0	20	0	0	0
Germany	105	45	55	45	20	35
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	35	15	15	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italy	25	20	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	55	30	25	110	65	40
Poland	30	10	15	20	20	0
Portugal	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	15	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	60	15	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	545	275	270	80	45	30
Other places of birth in Europe	120	75	50	30	25	10
Africa	60	30	35	15	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	10	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	470	215	260	70	35	40
Afghanistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	95	40	60	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	15	0	0	0	0
India	40	30	10	0	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	25	10	10	15	10	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	50	20	30	10	0	10
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	130	45	85	15	10	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	80	35	40	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	50	15	35	0	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	160	55	105	45	25	25
Americas	40	15	20	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	10	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	15	0	10	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	100	30	70	25	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	10	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	15	30	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	16,720	8,215	8,505	8,060	4,040	4,020
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,155	1,085	1,070	915	440	475
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,390	1,710	1,685	1,640	810	830
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	11,175	5,425	5,745	5,505	2,790	2,715
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	935	455	480	425	205	220
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	435	210	225	145	85	65
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	185	125	60	40	30	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	255	85	165	110	50	60
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	340	160	180	185	85	100
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	140	85	60	80	30	50
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	0	15	20	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	16,720	8,220	8,505	8,055	4,040	4,020
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	840	385	455	330	175	155
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	810	385	425	275	145	130
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	385	220	170	110	55	50
Métis	415	165	250	170	90	80
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	30	0	25	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	45	20	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	15,880	7,830	8,045	7,730	3,865	3,860
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	16,720	8,220	8,505	8,060	4,040	4,020
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	245	115	125	155	75	80
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,480	8,100	8,375	7,905	3,970	3,940
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	16,720	8,215	8,505	8,060	4,045	4,020
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	70	35	35	40	25	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	70	35	35	40	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	30	20	0	30	15	10
Métis single ancestry	40	15	20	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	890	390	495	355	165	195
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	850	380	470	335	160	180
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	535	255	280	165	70	90
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	315	130	180	150	80	75
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	25	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	30	10	20	25	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	20	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	15,765	7,790	7,975	7,665	3,850	3,815
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	16,720	8,220	8,505	8,060	4,045	4,015
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,245	590	660	235	130	110
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	155	75	80	20	15	10
Chinese	370	150	215	35	30	10
Black	110	75	35	15	0	10
Filipino	185	90	100	20	15	15
Latin American	140	85	55	30	10	20
Arab	20	10	15	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	70	30	35	10	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	0	10	0	0	10
Korean	55	25	30	10	10	10
Japanese	75	30	40	75	45	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	10	35	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	15,475	7,625	7,850	7,825	3,915	3,910
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	16,725	8,215	8,500	8,060	4,040	4,020
North American Aboriginal origins	955	430	525	395	195	200
First Nations (North American Indian)	595	285	315	210	95	115
Inuit	10	0	10	20	10	10
Métis	380	155	225	180	95	90
Other North American origins	5,400	2,655	2,745	2,230	1,140	1,095
Acadian	40	25	20	25	10	10
American	330	160	165	285	145	140
Canadian	5,135	2,525	2,610	2,045	1,055	990
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	10	0	10	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	13,625	6,655	6,965	6,775	3,350	3,425
British Isles origins	10,650	5,165	5,490	3,435	1,650	1,785
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,790	3,250	3,540	2,030	960	1,075
Irish	3,360	1,565	1,795	1,410	655	750
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,835	2,380	2,455	1,535	750	785
Welsh	640	300	345	205	100	110
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	640	270	375	115	50	60
French origins	2,105	965	1,140	690	290	395
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,105	965	1,135	690	295	395
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,370	1,635	1,730	3,965	2,040	1,925
Austrian	200	85	120	85	50	40
Bavarian	15	10	0	10	10	0
Belgian	60	30	30	50	30	20
Dutch	865	410	455	1,645	825	815
Flemish	15	0	10	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	2,415	1,200	1,215	2,655	1,380	1,270
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	105	55	50	100	30	65
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,495	760	735	875	435	440
Danish	345	195	150	165	80	85
Finnish	170	105	65	45	25	25
Icelandic	90	50	35	80	25	55
Norwegian	635	315	320	305	165	140
Swedish	350	140	205	295	160	140
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	45	20	20	55	30	25
Eastern European origins	2,220	1,095	1,125	1,720	780	940
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	95	45	50	105	55	55
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	60	10	40
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	255	115	145	220	90	130
Latvian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	20	15	20	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	660	290	370	430	215	215
Romanian	85	35	45	40	20	20
Russian	360	185	180	475	215	265
Slovak	15	10	15	15	10	10
Ukrainian	890	465	430	750	345	405
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,070	535	535	250	125	125
Albanian	20	15	10	20	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	80	45	40	10	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	55	30	0	10	0
Italian	490	250	245	160	80	80
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	15	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	190	70	120	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	180	85	95	30	20	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	40	20	20	25	20	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	125	75	50	40	20	20
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	10	0	10	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	105	60	45	40	20	20
Caribbean origins	130	55	75	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	55	20	35	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	245	125	120	240	115	120
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Chilean	30	20	10	10	10	0
Colombian	25	25	10	15	15	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	15	20	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	10	0	20	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	55	30	30	195	90	105
Nicaraguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	10	0	10	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	135	70	60	25	10	15
Central and West African origins	30	20	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	30	20	10	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	25	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	20	10	10	10	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	55	25	30	20	0	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	30	10	20	20	10	15
Asian origins	1,090	485	605	245	130	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	125	55	70	20	15	10
Afghan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	205	100	110	15	10	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	155	70	90	15	10	10
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	30	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	780	340	440	210	110	100
Burmese	20	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	385	160	230	55	30	20
Filipino	180	75	100	20	15	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	80	35	45	120	60	60
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	30	30	0	0	10
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thai	40	20	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	10	15	0	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	140	80	60	45	35	15
Australian	85	45	40	40	25	15
New Zealander	30	25	0	0	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	15	15	0	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,590	...	...	2,990	...	...
Owner	4,850	...	...	2,470	...	...
Renter	1,735	...	...	520	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,585	...	...	2,985	...	...
Condominium	790	...	...	165	...	...
Not condominium	5,800	...	...	2,820	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,590	...	...	2,985	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	505	...	...	135	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,240	...	...	470	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,565	...	...	945	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,275	...	...	1,445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,590	...	...	2,990	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,170	...	...	360	...	...
5 rooms	905	...	...	435	...	...
6 rooms	1,020	...	...	345	...	...
7 rooms	795	...	...	450	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,695	...	...	1,400	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,590	...	...	2,985	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,570	...	...	2,955	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,590	...	...	2,990	...	...
Suitable	6,480	...	...	2,930	...	...
Not suitable	105	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,585	...	...	2,985	...	...
1960 or before	660	...	...	445	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,550	...	...	915	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,270	...	...	305	...	...
1991 to 2000	535	...	...	395	...	...
2001 to 2005	390	...	...	195	...	...
2006 to 2010	740	...	...	445	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	445	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,590	...	...	2,985	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	6,255	...	...	2,765	...	...
Major repairs needed	335	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,585	...	...	2,990	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,280	...	...	1,700	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,075	...	...	1,225	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	235	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,590	...	...	2,985	...	...
15 to 24 years	140	...	...	135	...	...
25 to 34 years	990	...	...	535	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,090	...	...	485	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,435	...	...	560	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,360	...	...	525	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,010	...	...	430	...	...
75 to 84 years	400	...	...	215	...	...
85 years and over	165	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,575	...	...	2,985	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,215	...	...	2,505	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,365	...	...	480	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,210	...	...	440	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,850	...	...	2,470	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.2	...	...	64.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.8	...	...	12.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,436	...	...	1,181	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,464	...	...	1,210	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	500,670	...	...	275,162	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	531,943	...	...	303,806	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,735	...	...	520	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.3	...	...	7.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	29.0	...	...	31.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,150	...	...	1,079	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,201	...	...	1,103	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	13,835	6,730	7,105	6,170	3,055	3,115
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,865	1,005	860	1,295	695	605
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,605	2,170	2,430	1,915	850	1,060
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,365	3,555	3,815	2,960	1,510	1,450
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,420	1,100	320	810	660	150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	560	330	230	205	130	75
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	860	770	85	605	530	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,145	1,250	1,895	1,320	475	840
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	390	155	230	90	20	65
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,415	1,045	1,365	740	350	395
Bachelor's degree	1,690	675	1,015	600	265	335
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	60	80	40	20	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	40	10	10	0	0
Master's degree	460	220	240	85	55	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	45	25	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,400	4,600	4,805	4,020	2,000	2,020
No certificate, diploma or degree	810	510	300	570	345	225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,925	1,410	1,520	1,250	540	710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,665	2,680	2,980	2,200	1,115	1,090
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,030	820	210	545	445	95
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	415	255	170	105	60	45
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	615	570	45	435	390	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,415	970	1,450	1,005	380	625
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	310	125	185	60	15	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,905	770	1,140	590	275	320
Bachelor's degree	1,375	525	845	510	225	285
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	50	65	25	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	0	10	0	0
Master's degree	345	145	200	45	25	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	55	40	15	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	13,840	6,730	7,110	6,165	3,055	3,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,470	3,175	3,295	3,205	1,545	1,665
Education	485	100	380	270	60	205
13. Education	480	100	380	270	60	210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	240	115	125	40	10	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	40	10	10	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	190	75	115	35	10	20
Humanities	315	120	195	115	65	50
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	30	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	100	30	70	20	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	0	40	40	30	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	10	25	15	10
54. History	85	45	40	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	760	245	515	165	55	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	30	30	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	30	130	75	10	70
22. Legal professions and studies	125	20	100	30	15	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	10	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	140	40	105	15	10	15
45. Social sciences	245	115	125	35	25	10
Business, management and public administration	1,490	550	940	560	140	425
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	105	30	75	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,380	515	865	530	140	390
Physical and life sciences and technologies	220	100	125	80	50	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	25	90	45	20	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	35	15	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	40	15	20	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	155	55	45	30	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180	135	40	25	15	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,635	1,545	90	825	810	15
04. Architecture and related services	30	25	0	0	10	0
14. Engineering	170	150	20	20	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	385	350	35	120	110	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	445	435	15	240	240	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	435	420	15	335	335	0
48. Precision production	170	165	10	105	100	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	90	70	130	105	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	45	50	105	90	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	45	25	30	20	10
Health and related fields	1,315	235	1,080	490	75	420
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	30	40	25	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,240	195	1,040	470	55	415
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	535	300	230	245	110	130
12. Personal and culinary services	295	110	190	130	35	95
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	115	85	35	100	60	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	75	10	15	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,405	4,600	4,805	4,020	2,000	2,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,735	1,915	1,820	1,815	885	930
Education	300	60	250	185	45	145
13. Education	305	60	245	185	40	145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	190	70	115	25	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	155	45	105	25	10	20
Humanities	220	85	135	85	50	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	60	15	50	15	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	10	30	30	20	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	0	25	15	10
54. History	65	35	30	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	635	190	450	125	35	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	30	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	135	25	110	65	10	55
22. Legal professions and studies	110	20	95	30	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	10	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	100	15	85	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	220	105	110	25	20	10
Business, management and public administration	1,135	405	735	415	100	315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	20	70	25	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,045	380	665	390	95	295
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	55	105	55	45	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	25	80	30	20	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	25	10	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	190	140	50	40	25	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	120	40	30	15	10
25. Library science	10	0	10	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,280	1,200	80	610	600	0
04. Architecture and related services	25	25	0	0	10	0
14. Engineering	140	115	25	25	20	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	310	285	25	90	85	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	350	340	10	190	190	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	335	315	15	230	235	0
48. Precision production	125	115	10	75	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	65	65	95	70	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	60	20	40	70	55	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	45	20	25	15	10
Health and related fields	1,010	175	835	370	55	310
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	60	20	35	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs	950	155	800	350	45	305
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	410	240	170	185	80	105
12. Personal and culinary services	220	95	130	95	20	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	90	50	35	75	45	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	70	0	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	13,840	6,730	7,110	6,165	3,055	3,115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,470	3,175	3,290	3,205	1,545	1,665
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,370	3,555	3,815	2,960	1,510	1,455
Location of study inside Canada	6,675	3,185	3,495	2,715	1,380	1,335
Same as province or territory of residence	4,545	2,110	2,430	2,205	1,105	1,095
Different than province or territory of residence	2,135	1,070	1,065	510	270	240
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	690	370	325	245	125	120
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	200	120	80	110	65	45
Philippines	55	25	25	10	10	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	150	85	60	15	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	15	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	265	130	130	105	50	60
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,405	4,600	4,800	4,020	2,000	2,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,735	1,915	1,820	1,815	885	930
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,670	2,685	2,985	2,200	1,115	1,090
Location of study inside Canada	5,260	2,475	2,785	2,055	1,035	1,025
Same as province or territory of residence	3,710	1,685	2,020	1,695	840	845
Different than province or territory of residence	1,550	790	760	360	190	175
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	410	210	200	150	80	65
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	70	50	65	35	30
Philippines	40	20	15	10	10	10
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	55	35	20	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	15	10	0	0
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other	165	75	85	65	40	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	13,835	6,730	7,105	6,165	3,055	3,110
In the labour force	9,340	4,885	4,460	4,300	2,335	1,970
Employed	8,905	4,635	4,270	4,060	2,170	1,890
Unemployed	435	250	185	240	160	80
Not in the labour force	4,495	1,845	2,650	1,865	720	1,145
Participation rate	67.5	72.6	62.8	69.7	76.4	63.3
Employment rate	64.4	68.9	60.1	65.9	71.0	60.8
Unemployment rate	4.7	5.1	4.1	5.6	6.9	4.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	13,840	6,730	7,105	6,170	3,055	3,115
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,045	1,660	2,385	1,675	640	1,035
Worked	9,795	5,075	4,725	4,490	2,415	2,080
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,275	3,010	2,265	2,385	1,485	895
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,520	2,060	2,455	2,105	925	1,185
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.6	43.0	43.4	44.6	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	9,340	4,885	4,460	4,305	2,335	1,970
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	120	55	65	40	25	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	9,225	4,825	4,395	4,260	2,310	1,955
Employee	8,250	4,255	3,995	3,680	1,920	1,760
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	970	575	400	585	390	190
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	9,345	4,885	4,455	4,305	2,335	1,970
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	120	60	60	40	25	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	9,220	4,825	4,395	4,260	2,305	1,955
0 Management occupations	1,000	635	365	465	340	125
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,595	370	1,225	570	110	455
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	530	415	115	170	135	35
3 Health occupations	655	130	530	360	40	325
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,445	745	695	475	130	340
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	205	85	120	65	10	55
6 Sales and service occupations	2,280	1,020	1,255	775	270	510
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,315	1,255	55	1,005	965	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115	105	10	160	140	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	85	55	35	210	160	55
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	9,345	4,885	4,455	4,305	2,335	1,965
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	120	60	65	40	25	15
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	9,225	4,825	4,395	4,260	2,305	1,955
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65	55	10	260	205	60
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	10	90	80	10
22 Utilities	15	0	10	25	20	0
23 Construction	815	725	90	510	480	30
31-33 Manufacturing	280	205	75	450	330	125
41 Wholesale trade	180	115	65	180	155	30
44-45 Retail trade	1,325	640	690	480	220	260
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	320	240	75	235	180	55
51 Information and cultural industries	195	115	80	45	10	40
52 Finance and insurance	310	100	210	95	30	70
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	105	45	55	50	10	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	570	290	280	170	70	105
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	440	275	165	105	65	40
61 Educational services	470	140	335	340	100	240
62 Health care and social assistance	1,210	200	1,010	545	65	480
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	165	85	80	30	0	25
72 Accommodation and food services	690	325	365	215	90	125
81 Other services (except public administration)	365	190	175	230	115	115
91 Public administration	1,660	1,070	600	195	95	100
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	8,905	4,630	4,275	4,065	2,170	1,895
Worked at home	555	225	325	335	120	210
Worked outside Canada	35	25	15	20	20	0
No fixed workplace address	1,250	940	310	610	505	105
Worked at usual place	7,070	3,445	3,620	3,095	1,520	1,580
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,065	3,445	3,620	3,095	1,520	1,575
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	675	260	415	805	315	490
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,260	3,095	3,170	2,195	1,125	1,070
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	110	70	40	60	40	20
Commute to a different province or territory	25	20	0	35	35	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	8,315	4,385	3,935	3,705	2,025	1,680
Car, truck, van - as a driver	6,545	3,525	3,020	3,345	1,855	1,490
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	430	160	265	170	85	90
Public transit	640	270	365	10	10	0
Walked	245	90	155	130	30	100
Bicycle	300	220	85	30	30	10
Other method	160	115	45	20	20	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	8,315	4,385	3,935	3,705	2,025	1,680
Less than 15 minutes	1,895	820	1,070	1,215	650	570
15 to 29 minutes	2,290	1,280	1,010	2,035	1,070	960
30 to 44 minutes	2,450	1,390	1,065	290	185	105
45 to 59 minutes	1,065	590	480	40	30	10
60 minutes and over	615	305	310	125	95	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	8,315	4,380	3,935	3,710	2,030	1,680
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	480	355	125	170	120	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,400	1,490	905	825	580	245
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,090	1,085	1,000	1,330	835	495
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,360	485	870	660	220	440
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	830	380	450	270	110	160
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,165	585	575	445	160	290
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	10,050	5,195	4,860	4,610	2,455	2,155
Single responses	10,015	5,180	4,835	4,600	2,455	2,145
Official languages	9,980	5,170	4,815	4,575	2,440	2,140
English	9,960	5,165	4,800	4,570	2,435	2,135
French	20	10	10	0	0	10
Non-official languages	30	10	25	25	20	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	10	25	20	20	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	15	10	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	15	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	10	25	10	0	10
English and French	30	15	20	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	10,050	5,190	4,855	4,610	2,455	2,155
None	9,815	5,060	4,750	4,540	2,415	2,125
English	30	10	20	10	0	10
French	185	110	75	15	10	10
Non-official language	20	15	10	35	20	15
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	0	35	25	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	16,510	8,130	8,385	7,945	3,975	3,975
Non-movers	14,130	6,955	7,175	6,775	3,365	3,410
Movers	2,385	1,175	1,210	1,170	605	560
Non-migrants	1,365	700	670	475	275	205
Migrants	1,015	475	545	695	330	360
Internal migrants	940	440	505	640	300	340
Intraprovincial migrants	495	240	255	565	280	290
Interprovincial migrants	445	195	250	75	25	55
External migrants	75	40	40	50	30	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	15,775	7,740	8,035	7,385	3,670	3,705
Non-movers	9,390	4,635	4,760	4,135	2,050	2,080
Movers	6,380	3,110	3,275	3,245	1,620	1,625
Non-migrants	3,915	1,920	1,995	1,240	640	600
Migrants	2,470	1,190	1,280	2,005	980	1,025
Internal migrants	2,140	1,050	1,090	1,890	935	955
Intraprovincial migrants	1,100	520	580	1,515	775	735
Interprovincial migrants	1,040	525	515	380	160	225
External migrants	325	140	190	110	45	65

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Colwood, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Coaldale [Population centre], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Colwood, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Coaldale [Population centre], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Colwood, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Coaldale [Population centre], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Colwood, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Coaldale [Population centre], Alberta