Census Profile, 2016 Census
Langford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Creston [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Langford, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Creston British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Langford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Langford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Creston [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	35,342	...	...	5,226	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	29,228	...	...	5,159^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	20.9	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	14,906	...	...	2,679	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	14,178	...	...	2,530	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	885.0	...	...	857.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	39.94	...	...	6.09	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	35,340	17,240	18,100	5,225	2,405	2,820
0 to 14 years	6,365	3,295	3,065	560	265	295
0 to 4 years	2,255	1,170	1,085	180	80	100
5 to 9 years	2,165	1,115	1,045	200	95	100
10 to 14 years	1,945	1,010	935	180	90	90
15 to 64 years	24,595	11,985	12,615	2,740	1,290	1,450
15 to 19 years	2,015	1,040	975	225	120	105
20 to 24 years	2,075	1,000	1,070	195	105	90
25 to 29 years	2,410	1,150	1,260	215	110	110
30 to 34 years	2,900	1,400	1,505	190	80	105
35 to 39 years	2,790	1,395	1,395	220	110	115
40 to 44 years	2,605	1,255	1,350	195	75	120
45 to 49 years	2,630	1,295	1,335	285	145	140
50 to 54 years	2,665	1,325	1,335	330	150	180
55 to 59 years	2,485	1,185	1,300	390	185	205
60 to 64 years	2,025	940	1,085	490	205	290
65 years and over	4,385	1,965	2,420	1,925	845	1,075
65 to 69 years	1,690	825	865	520	250	270
70 to 74 years	1,075	475	600	425	185	240
75 to 79 years	675	300	375	340	160	180
80 to 84 years	455	200	255	325	135	185
85 years and over	490	165	325	315	110	200
85 to 89 years	290	105	180	195	80	120
90 to 94 years	145	35	105	100	30	65
95 to 99 years	50	15	35	15	5	15
100 years and over	10	0	5	5	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.0	19.1	16.9	10.7	11.0	10.5
15 to 64 years	69.6	69.5	69.7	52.4	53.6	51.4
65 years and over	12.4	11.4	13.4	36.8	35.1	38.1
85 years and over	1.4	1.0	1.8	6.0	4.6	7.1
Average age of the population	38.6	37.7	39.4	52.2	50.8	53.4
Median age of the population	38.3	37.6	39.2	57.6	56.0	59.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	14,180	...	...	2,530	...	...
Single-detached house	5,655	...	...	1,805	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	330	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,660	...	...	650	...	...
Semi-detached house	740	...	...	80	...	...
Row house	800	...	...	170	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,405	...	...	125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,645	...	...	260	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	535	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	14,180	...	...	2,530	...	...
1 person	3,480	...	...	970	...	...
2 persons	5,120	...	...	1,035	...	...
3 persons	2,550	...	...	280	...	...
4 persons	2,040	...	...	155	...	...
5 or more persons	990	...	...	90	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,920	...	...	4,975	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	28,980	13,950	15,030	4,665	2,135	2,525
Married or living common law	17,340	8,650	8,690	2,710	1,355	1,360
Married	13,525	6,740	6,785	2,325	1,165	1,160
Living common law	3,815	1,910	1,905	390	195	195
Not married and not living common law	11,640	5,300	6,340	1,950	785	1,170
Never married	7,295	3,885	3,415	820	450	370
Separated	915	390	525	170	70	95
Divorced	2,235	785	1,450	410	150	260
Widowed	1,195	235	955	555	110	440
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	10,305	...	...	1,510	...	...
2 persons	5,370	...	...	1,035	...	...
3 persons	2,445	...	...	255	...	...
4 persons	1,920	...	...	145	...	...
5 or more persons	570	...	...	70	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	10,300	...	...	1,510	...	...
Total couple families	8,530	...	...	1,310	...	...
Married couples	6,615	...	...	1,115	...	...
Common-law couples	1,910	...	...	195	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,775	...	...	200	...	...
Female parent	1,365	...	...	165	...	...
Male parent	410	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,525	...	...	1,310	...	...
Couples without children	4,225	...	...	915	...	...
Couples with children	4,300	...	...	400	...	...
1 child	1,930	...	...	200	...	...
2 children	1,830	...	...	130	...	...
3 or more children	545	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,775	...	...	205	...	...
1 child	1,145	...	...	125	...	...
2 children	515	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	115	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,175	2,955	3,220	1,180	460	720
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	14,175	...	...	2,530	...	...
One-census-family households	9,740	...	...	1,490	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,970	...	...	900	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,765	...	...	585	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	280	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,160	...	...	1,030	...	...
One-person households	3,480	...	...	970	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	680	...	...	55	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	35,185	17,205	17,985	5,015	2,345	2,675
English only	32,535	15,970	16,565	4,800	2,255	2,545
French only	20	5	15	0	0	0
English and French	2,475	1,160	1,315	200	80	125
Neither English nor French	155	65	85	15	10	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	35,185	17,205	17,980	5,015	2,345	2,675
English	34,380	16,795	17,585	4,930	2,300	2,630
French	600	325	280	70	35	35
English and French	60	20	35	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	140	65	80	15	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	630	335	300	70	35	35
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.8	1.9	1.7	1.4	1.5	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	35,185	17,205	17,980	5,015	2,345	2,675
Single responses	34,800	17,015	17,785	4,970	2,320	2,645
Official languages	31,540	15,525	16,015	4,535	2,110	2,420
English	30,910	15,185	15,720	4,465	2,075	2,385
French	630	335	295	70	35	35
Non-official languages	3,260	1,495	1,770	435	210	225
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,250	1,490	1,765	430	210	225
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	35	25	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	130	65	65	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	55	60	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	360	145	215	15	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	290	115	175	10	5	10
Waray-Waray	10	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	5	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	10	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,865	890	970	345	165	180
Albanian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	340	165	175	80	35	45
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	340	165	175	80	35	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	30	15	15	0	5	0
Czech	20	5	10	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	115	60	55	15	5	10
Russian	90	30	60	25	10	10
Serbian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	5	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	40	25	15	25	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	455	205	245	205	100	105
Afrikaans	15	5	5	5	5	0
Danish	35	10	20	10	5	5
Dutch	130	60	70	30	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	260	120	145	155	75	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	5	5	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	0	5
Greek	20	10	5	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	505	245	260	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	455	220	235	10	5	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	45	20	25	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	5	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	355	170	185	10	5	5
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Urdu	20	15	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	25	30	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	510	245	265	35	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	85	45	40	15	5	5
Portuguese	110	45	65	5	0	5
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	295	140	155	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	70	10	55	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	140	70	70	0	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	410	165	245	30	15	15
Chinese languages	405	165	240	15	5	10
Cantonese	120	50	70	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	245	100	150	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Burmese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tibetan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	15	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	30	45	25	15	10
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	20	5	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	25	25	20	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	390	190	205	50	20	30
English and French	80	30	45	10	5	10
English and non-official language	290	145	140	35	15	20
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	35,185	17,205	17,980	5,020	2,345	2,675
Single responses	34,360	16,805	17,555	4,940	2,310	2,640
Official languages	33,195	16,275	16,925	4,840	2,255	2,585
English	33,020	16,195	16,825	4,825	2,250	2,575
French	180	80	95	20	10	10
Non-official languages	1,160	535	630	100	50	50
Aboriginal languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,155	535	630	100	55	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	30	35	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	30	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	50	65	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	40	50	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	555	260	300	55	25	30
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	40	40	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	35	40	15	5	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	25	15	10	5	10
Russian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	20	25	15	5	5
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	10	20	15	10	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	255	115	140	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	235	110	130	5	5	5
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	190	90	105	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	160	75	85	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	5	5	5
Portuguese	25	15	15	0	0	5
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	115	55	60	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	45	55	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	100	120	20	10	10
Chinese languages	215	95	120	10	5	10
Cantonese	45	20	25	10	5	5
Hakka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	145	70	80	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	5	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	825	395	430	75	40	40
English and French	70	35	35	15	10	5
English and non-official language	740	350	390	65	30	30
French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	35,190	17,205	17,980	5,015	2,345	2,675
None	32,870	16,125	16,745	4,805	2,245	2,565
English	620	285	330	60	30	25
French	475	245	225	30	15	10
Non-official language	1,185	535	650	125	55	70
Aboriginal	15	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,170	530	640	125	60	70
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	5	15	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	28,560	13,815	14,745	4,415	2,055	2,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,570	13,295	14,275	4,320	2,010	2,310
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,014	48,824	33,650	25,504	33,472	21,795
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,615	13,325	14,295	4,325	2,015	2,315
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,262	41,777	30,433	24,176	30,080	21,156
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,730	12,580	13,150	3,770	1,795	1,975
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,276	47,703	30,483	20,518	28,149	15,787
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,865	7,130	10,730	3,450	1,495	1,960
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,209	3,320	4,494	11,315	12,373	10,688
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,825	11,420	11,405	2,610	1,305	1,305
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,320	47,057	31,148	21,276	28,224	17,600
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	28,560	13,815	14,750	4,385	2,025	2,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,535	13,280	14,260	4,270	1,975	2,295
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,024	54,735	37,914	34,042	40,746	28,279
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,580	13,310	14,280	4,280	1,980	2,300
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,707	44,686	33,134	29,982	35,054	25,631
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,690	12,560	13,130	3,670	1,710	1,955
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,438	53,924	35,364	29,831	37,191	23,395
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,785	6,975	10,805	3,445	1,485	1,960
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,070	7,088	7,059	10,479	11,359	9,812
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,830	11,480	11,350	2,590	1,245	1,345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,153	51,070	35,147	29,816	37,999	22,244
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	28,560	13,815	14,745	4,385	2,025	2,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,470	6,325	5,145	930	475	455
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,854	62,648	47,944	48,704	61,074	35,401
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,600	65,394	50,246	50,598	60,548	40,182
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.3	93.3	86.2	76.2	81.2	69.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.7	80.9	73.7	54.7	60.3	47.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.7	6.7	13.7	23.8	19.0	30.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	28,560	13,815	14,745	4,415	2,050	2,365
Without total income	990	520	470	90	40	55
With total income	27,570	13,295	14,275	4,320	2,015	2,310
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.2	96.8	97.8	98.3	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,215	1,275	1,940	575	215	365
$10,000 to $19,999	3,815	1,435	2,380	1,045	390	655
$20,000 to $29,999	3,395	1,295	2,105	835	330	505
$30,000 to $39,999	3,365	1,390	1,975	485	210	275
$40,000 to $49,999	3,275	1,420	1,860	405	210	200
$50,000 to $59,999	2,840	1,385	1,450	295	175	120
$60,000 to $69,999	2,125	1,290	830	175	120	60
$70,000 to $79,999	1,635	1,025	610	160	110	50
$80,000 to $89,999	1,310	865	445	110	85	30
$90,000 to $99,999	820	565	255	70	55	20
$100,000 and over	1,780	1,355	425	145	125	25
$100,000 to $149,999	1,390	1,050	340	115	90	25
$150,000 and over	395	305	85	30	30	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	28,560	13,810	14,745	4,415	2,050	2,365
Without after-tax income	945	490	455	85	40	50
With after-tax income	27,610	13,325	14,295	4,330	2,015	2,315
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	96.5	96.9	98.1	98.3	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,390	1,360	2,035	605	230	375
$10,000 to $19,999	4,030	1,575	2,460	1,110	420	690
$20,000 to $29,999	4,195	1,650	2,545	905	355	545
$30,000 to $39,999	4,130	1,770	2,355	565	260	300
$40,000 to $49,999	3,930	1,825	2,110	425	230	200
$50,000 to $59,999	2,805	1,655	1,155	260	175	90
$60,000 to $69,999	1,990	1,270	720	180	125	50
$70,000 to $79,999	1,325	885	440	120	85	35
$80,000 and over	1,805	1,340	470	160	130	25
$80,000 to $89,999	720	510	205	65	55	15
$90,000 to $99,999	410	305	100	30	20	5
$100,000 and over	685	520	165	60	55	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	28,560	13,810	14,750	4,415	2,050	2,365
Without employment income	5,730	2,390	3,340	1,805	745	1,055
With employment income	22,830	11,425	11,405	2,610	1,305	1,305
Percentage with employment income	79.9	82.7	77.3	59.1	63.7	55.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,940	1,270	1,665	700	335	365
$5,000 to $9,999	1,325	535	790	215	85	135
$10,000 to $19,999	2,720	1,065	1,655	350	150	200
$20,000 to $29,999	2,460	995	1,460	285	100	180
$30,000 to $39,999	2,400	1,035	1,360	240	85	155
$40,000 to $49,999	2,585	1,125	1,460	190	90	100
$50,000 to $59,999	2,225	1,140	1,090	165	95	75
$60,000 to $69,999	1,635	1,025	615	115	85	30
$70,000 to $79,999	1,395	925	470	105	75	25
$80,000 and over	3,135	2,300	840	245	205	40
$80,000 to $89,999	1,125	760	370	85	65	15
$90,000 to $99,999	660	480	180	50	40	15
$100,000 and over	1,345	1,060	285	110	100	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	14,175	...	...	2,530	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,331	...	...	46,643	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,134	...	...	43,124	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,475	...	...	970	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,604	...	...	24,144	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,932	...	...	23,590	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,695	...	...	1,555	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,122	...	...	64,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,871	...	...	57,984	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	14,180	...	...	2,510	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	89,382	...	...	57,955	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	75,300	...	...	51,102	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,485	...	...	985	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,726	...	...	31,931	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,895	...	...	28,973	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,695	...	...	1,530	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,616	...	...	74,638	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,825	...	...	65,289	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	14,180	...	...	2,530	...	...
Under $5,000	190	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	135	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	250	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	360	...	...	205	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	440	...	...	220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	405	...	...	135	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	490	...	...	170	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	495	...	...	145	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	570	...	...	155	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	570	...	...	120	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,140	...	...	225	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	995	...	...	185	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,015	...	...	170	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,025	...	...	125	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	940	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,155	...	...	395	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,990	...	...	185	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,290	...	...	95	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,255	...	...	80	...	...
$200,000 and over	620	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	14,180	...	...	2,530	...	...
Under $5,000	205	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	140	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	260	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	375	...	...	210	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	520	...	...	240	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	525	...	...	165	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	595	...	...	205	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	660	...	...	155	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	735	...	...	145	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	675	...	...	135	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,245	...	...	260	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,265	...	...	215	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,235	...	...	140	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,135	...	...	125	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	995	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,600	...	...	255	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,780	...	...	135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	920	...	...	65	...	...
$150,000 and over	900	...	...	55	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	10,210	...	...	1,515	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,165	...	...	64,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,024	...	...	58,027	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,895	...	...	890	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,480	...	...	58,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,275	...	...	54,217	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,325	...	...	400	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,603	...	...	100,949	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,165	...	...	85,163	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,675	...	...	195	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,235	...	...	40,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,870	...	...	38,336	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	10,225	...	...	1,465	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,870	...	...	74,167	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,258	...	...	64,883	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,935	...	...	865	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,635	...	...	69,712	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,271	...	...	61,369	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,315	...	...	390	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,110	...	...	99,422	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,340	...	...	85,293	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,700	...	...	205	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,332	...	...	44,131	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,899	...	...	40,149	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,350	2,635	2,715	1,105	430	675
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,700	41,760	34,898	23,712	26,816	22,955
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,135	35,910	30,982	23,314	25,024	22,635
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,420	2,670	2,750	1,145	495	655
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,579	47,643	39,629	31,823	34,121	30,083
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,186	38,219	34,210	28,720	30,278	27,540
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	34,920	17,105	17,810	4,975	2,315	2,655
In the bottom half of the distribution	15,545	7,300	8,245	3,230	1,420	1,805
In the bottom decile	2,825	1,345	1,475	635	295	340
In the second decile	2,690	1,210	1,485	885	350	535
In the third decile	2,880	1,315	1,570	620	280	335
In the fourth decile	3,405	1,585	1,815	560	250	310
In the fifth decile	3,745	1,845	1,900	535	250	280
In the top half of the distribution	19,370	9,810	9,565	1,750	895	850
In the sixth decile	4,110	2,050	2,055	505	260	240
In the seventh decile	4,435	2,220	2,215	395	195	195
In the eighth decile	4,295	2,170	2,125	360	175	185
In the ninth decile	3,980	2,040	1,935	305	150	155
In the top decile	2,555	1,325	1,235	190	110	80
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	34,920	17,105	17,815	4,975	2,320	2,660
0 to 17 years	7,570	3,935	3,630	695	330	365
0 to 5 years	2,695	1,380	1,315	215	105	115
18 to 64 years	23,315	11,300	12,015	2,555	1,200	1,360
65 years and over	4,030	1,865	2,165	1,725	795	935
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,670	1,690	1,980	1,110	465	645
0 to 17 years	1,035	570	470	175	85	90
0 to 5 years	335	185	150	65	35	25
18 to 64 years	2,195	945	1,250	550	235	315
65 years and over	445	175	265	385	145	240
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.5	9.9	11.1	22.3	20.0	24.2
0 to 17 years (%)	13.7	14.5	12.9	25.2	25.8	24.7
0 to 5 years (%)	12.4	13.4	11.4	30.2	33.3	21.7
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4	8.4	10.4	21.5	19.6	23.2
65 years and over (%)	11.0	9.4	12.2	22.3	18.2	25.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,355	1,140	1,215	370	180	195
0 to 17 years	600	315	285	45	25	25
0 to 5 years	165	90	70	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	1,640	770	870	280	130	145
65 years and over	115	60	60	45	20	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.7	6.7	6.8	7.4	7.8	7.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.9	8.0	7.9	6.5	7.6	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	6.1	6.5	5.3	9.3	9.5	8.7
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	6.8	7.2	11.0	10.8	10.7
65 years and over (%)	2.9	3.2	2.8	2.6	2.5	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	34,920	17,105	17,815	4,930	2,275	2,660
Official languages	34,805	17,050	17,750	4,935	2,275	2,655
English	34,780	17,055	17,725	4,930	2,280	2,655
French	2,475	1,195	1,285	140	45	100
Non-official languages	4,525	2,075	2,450	495	235	260
Aboriginal languages	45	20	25	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,485	2,065	2,425	485	225	260
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	25	30	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	30	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	175	70	105	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	165	65	100	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	470	190	280	45	15	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	10	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	20	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	425	170	255	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	15	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,915	1,415	1,510	370	165	205
Albanian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	465	225	245	70	45	30
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	10	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	460	220	245	65	35	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	50	20	30	10	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	150	80	65	10	0	10
Russian	190	70	125	40	25	10
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	20	10	20	0	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	730	365	365	220	100	120
Afrikaans	40	25	20	10	0	10
Danish	70	30	40	10	0	10
Dutch	175	80	90	25	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	455	245	215	185	85	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	670	340	330	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	580	295	285	20	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	185	90	95	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	450	235	220	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Urdu	70	35	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	90	40	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,130	505	625	65	25	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	150	60	90	10	0	0
Portuguese	170	65	100	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	820	370	445	60	20	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	25	65	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	45	60	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	15	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	480	215	265	15	10	0
Chinese languages	480	215	270	10	10	10
Cantonese	135	55	85	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	380	175	205	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	10	10	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	15	10	0	0	0
Turkish	65	30	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	25	25	35	20	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	25	10	35	20	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	34,920	17,105	17,815	4,930	2,275	2,655
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	33,400	16,420	16,980	4,810	2,230	2,580
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,380	3,870	3,515	680	315	365
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	26,025	12,555	13,465	4,125	1,915	2,210
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,515	685	835	125	45	80
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	34,920	17,105	17,815	4,935	2,275	2,655
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	30,155	14,960	15,195	4,350	1,995	2,355
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,395	1,965	2,435	570	270	300
Before 1981	1,700	745	955	400	200	200
1981 to 1990	560	250	315	60	30	30
1991 to 2000	590	280	305	60	25	35
2001 to 2010	855	345	510	20	10	10
2001 to 2005	355	150	210	10	0	0
2006 to 2010	495	195	300	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	695	345	355	40	15	20
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	365	180	185	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,400	1,965	2,435	575	270	300
Under 5 years	645	340	305	55	35	20
5 to 14 years	1,000	430	570	85	45	35
15 to 24 years	905	410	495	180	105	75
25 to 44 years	1,555	650	900	210	75	130
45 years and over	290	135	155	40	10	30
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,400	1,965	2,435	570	275	300
Americas	725	310	410	175	60	120
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	40	10	25	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mexico	135	55	85	0	0	10
Peru	30	10	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	15	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	355	160	195	160	50	110
Other places of birth in Americas	85	45	50	0	0	0
Europe	2,000	950	1,050	340	195	145
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	30	20	10	0	0	0
France	30	0	20	0	0	0
Germany	215	105	110	70	45	25
Greece	20	15	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	10	0	35	10	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	15	15	10	10	0
Italy	75	35	40	0	0	0
Netherlands	115	50	70	30	15	15
Poland	110	45	65	10	0	0
Portugal	70	30	40	0	0	0
Romania	20	20	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	70	35	35	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	965	465	505	130	70	60
Other places of birth in Europe	200	80	115	50	35	15
Africa	175	65	110	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	80	25	60	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	60	25	35	0	0	0
Asia	1,415	585	830	40	15	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	155	50	105	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	55	25	30	0	0	0
India	265	135	135	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	65	30	30	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	60	20	40	0	0	0
Philippines	350	135	215	20	10	10
Sri Lanka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	35	10	30	0	0	0
Viet Nam	125	60	70	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	150	50	100	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	85	50	30	10	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	700	345	350	40	15	25
Americas	155	75	75	10	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	40	20	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	85	40	40	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	150	80	70	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	120	75	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	35	20	10	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	355	160	190	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	165	80	85	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	34,920	17,105	17,815	4,930	2,275	2,655
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,055	2,275	2,780	590	285	305
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,665	3,315	3,350	1,095	490	600
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	23,200	11,510	11,685	3,250	1,495	1,755
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,775	1,235	1,535	175	80	95
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,475	705	765	70	45	30
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	545	300	240	30	20	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	935	410	520	45	20	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,020	370	655	95	30	70
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	260	155	105	10	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	34,920	17,110	17,815	4,935	2,275	2,660
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,090	1,050	1,045	295	135	160
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,995	1,005	990	285	125	150
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,000	515	485	135	70	60
Métis	995	485	505	145	60	90
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	70	30	35	15	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,825	16,060	16,770	4,635	2,140	2,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	34,925	17,110	17,815	4,935	2,275	2,660
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	600	275	325	105	55	50
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	34,315	16,830	17,495	4,835	2,225	2,605
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	34,925	17,105	17,815	4,930	2,275	2,660
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	290	160	135	70	25	45
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	285	150	130	70	20	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	220	115	105	35	10	25
Métis single ancestry	60	30	25	40	10	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,235	1,120	1,115	290	140	155
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,100	1,065	1,035	270	125	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,285	685	600	130	70	60
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	805	370	435	140	55	85
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	135	55	80	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	55	80	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	32,400	15,830	16,565	4,580	2,115	2,460
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	34,920	17,105	17,815	4,935	2,280	2,660
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,600	1,695	1,905	100	30	65
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	910	470	440	15	10	10
Chinese	775	340	430	10	0	10
Black	250	135	115	10	0	0
Filipino	550	235	310	35	10	20
Latin American	375	150	225	10	0	0
Arab	55	30	25	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	275	125	150	30	15	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	65	35	35	0	0	0
Korean	110	45	60	0	0	10
Japanese	115	55	60	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	105	55	50	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	31,320	15,410	15,910	4,835	2,245	2,595
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	34,920	17,105	17,815	4,935	2,275	2,655
North American Aboriginal origins	2,525	1,280	1,250	355	160	195
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,655	860	785	180	90	90
Inuit	15	15	0	0	0	0
Métis	1,005	460	540	195	80	115
Other North American origins	11,365	5,810	5,555	1,410	635	775
Acadian	50	25	25	0	0	0
American	640	360	285	235	95	145
Canadian	10,890	5,560	5,330	1,275	575	700
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	20	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	0	35	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	27,275	13,240	14,035	4,215	1,960	2,250
British Isles origins	20,770	10,100	10,675	2,810	1,275	1,530
Channel Islander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	10	0
English	13,465	6,465	6,995	1,660	725	935
Irish	6,585	3,050	3,535	1,085	410	680
Manx	20	20	0	0	0	0
Scottish	9,490	4,695	4,800	1,180	560	620
Welsh	1,080	490	585	160	60	95
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,485	685	800	130	65	60
French origins	4,100	2,005	2,095	460	160	300
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,100	2,005	2,095	460	160	300
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,145	3,380	3,765	1,555	675	875
Austrian	335	180	150	120	60	60
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	195	100	90	25	0	20
Dutch	1,845	835	1,005	410	150	255
Flemish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5,185	2,445	2,740	1,185	515	665
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	190	105	85	30	10	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,195	1,440	1,765	680	330	350
Danish	650	290	360	125	65	65
Finnish	305	145	160	40	20	20
Icelandic	330	185	145	70	30	40
Norwegian	1,230	530	700	270	135	135
Swedish	825	365	460	220	105	125
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	130	70	60	10	10	10
Eastern European origins	4,675	2,160	2,515	890	390	500
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	230	115	110	40	20	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	85	40	45	25	15	15
Estonian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	490	220	265	130	60	65
Latvian	20	15	0	20	15	0
Lithuanian	80	35	40	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,435	675	755	110	60	55
Romanian	190	85	100	35	10	20
Russian	735	330	410	240	100	140
Slovak	70	25	50	10	0	0
Ukrainian	2,070	875	1,195	365	110	255
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	10	10	0
Southern European origins	2,670	1,220	1,450	185	75	110
Albanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	125	80	50	0	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	165	65	100	0	0	0
Italian	1,240	570	665	145	60	80
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Maltese	35	15	25	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	425	185	235	0	10	0
Serbian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	545	240	305	20	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	20	20	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	195	100	100	45	20	25
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	85	40	45	10	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	95	50	45	40	20	25
Caribbean origins	255	130	125	0	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	115	70	45	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	615	250	365	10	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	45	0	40	0	0	0
Chilean	25	15	15	0	0	0
Colombian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	30	0	25	0	0	0
Maya	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	285	115	170	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	30	25	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	15	10	0	0	0
African origins	405	190	215	15	0	15
Central and West African origins	55	15	35	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	15	0	15	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	20	15	10	10	0	0
Algerian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	160	50	100	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	115	45	75	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	185	105	80	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	160	90	75	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,375	1,590	1,785	120	50	75
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	360	165	195	10	0	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	15	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	105	40	60	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	65	35	30	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	45	15	35	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	10	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	935	505	435	20	10	15
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	805	420	385	25	10	15
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	50	40	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	10	20	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,090	925	1,165	80	35	50
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	960	450	515	25	0	20
Filipino	605	260	340	30	10	20
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	85	20	70	10	0	0
Japanese	155	80	70	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	50	65	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	15	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	190	85	110	15	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oceania origins	175	80	90	10	0	10
Australian	100	40	55	10	0	10
New Zealander	40	30	10	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	14,180	...	...	2,510	...	...
Owner	9,870	...	...	1,835	...	...
Renter	4,310	...	...	675	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	14,180	...	...	2,510	...	...
Condominium	2,615	...	...	245	...	...
Not condominium	11,565	...	...	2,265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	14,175	...	...	2,510	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,685	...	...	260	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,835	...	...	800	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,885	...	...	845	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,735	...	...	605	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	14,180	...	...	2,515	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,155	...	...	570	...	...
5 rooms	2,295	...	...	395	...	...
6 rooms	2,140	...	...	405	...	...
7 rooms	1,625	...	...	355	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,970	...	...	790	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	14,175	...	...	2,510	...	...
One person or fewer per room	14,040	...	...	2,495	...	...
More than 1 person per room	140	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	14,180	...	...	2,510	...	...
Suitable	13,710	...	...	2,465	...	...
Not suitable	470	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	14,180	...	...	2,515	...	...
1960 or before	800	...	...	665	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,915	...	...	845	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,255	...	...	245	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,815	...	...	400	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,475	...	...	95	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,395	...	...	160	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,530	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	14,180	...	...	2,515	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,610	...	...	2,360	...	...
Major repairs needed	570	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	14,180	...	...	2,510	...	...
1 household maintainer	7,375	...	...	1,620	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,300	...	...	845	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	505	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	14,180	...	...	2,510	...	...
15 to 24 years	480	...	...	45	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,545	...	...	235	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,780	...	...	195	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,075	...	...	355	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,720	...	...	455	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,710	...	...	620	...	...
75 to 84 years	650	...	...	430	...	...
85 years and over	220	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	14,160	...	...	2,500	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,455	...	...	1,880	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,705	...	...	630	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,265	...	...	590	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,855	...	...	1,830	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	75.3	...	...	42.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.1	...	...	13.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,622	...	...	534	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,559	...	...	801	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	450,162	...	...	250,587	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	474,782	...	...	270,845	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,310	...	...	680	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.0	...	...	16.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	39.8	...	...	56.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,203	...	...	764	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,245	...	...	802	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	28,565	13,815	14,750	4,390	2,025	2,360
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,945	2,190	1,750	1,015	480	530
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,385	4,585	4,805	1,250	560	685
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,235	7,035	8,195	2,120	980	1,140
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,805	2,100	705	475	350	120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,070	645	425	205	120	85
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,730	1,450	280	265	235	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,615	2,405	4,205	1,060	365	690
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	750	280	470	130	45	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,060	2,250	2,815	465	220	245
Bachelor's degree	3,575	1,505	2,070	355	170	190
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	375	155	215	20	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	40	20	20	10	10
Master's degree	920	455	465	65	40	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	135	95	45	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	20,490	9,910	10,575	2,260	995	1,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,645	995	650	385	185	200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,290	3,190	3,100	685	320	365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,555	5,725	6,835	1,195	495	700
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,170	1,655	510	215	165	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	785	490	295	75	45	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,385	1,165	210	140	120	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,490	1,995	3,495	660	195	465
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	605	250	355	55	20	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,290	1,825	2,470	260	115	145
Bachelor's degree	3,075	1,250	1,830	215	110	110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	310	110	195	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	30	15	15	0	10
Master's degree	770	380	390	30	10	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	95	60	35	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	28,560	13,810	14,745	4,385	2,025	2,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,325	6,780	6,550	2,265	1,045	1,225
Education	835	205	625	195	35	155
13. Education	830	205	625	195	40	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	525	195	330	35	15	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	80	25	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	420	115	305	30	10	20
Humanities	635	290	350	85	45	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	20	50	10	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	165	35	135	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	160	90	70	15	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	30	15	25	10	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	35	20	15	0	0
54. History	110	75	35	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,775	610	1,165	135	25	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	20	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	75	70	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	315	15	295	65	10	65
22. Legal professions and studies	290	50	240	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	30	10	10	0	0
42. Psychology	330	90	235	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	635	330	300	30	15	15
Business, management and public administration	3,145	1,050	2,090	395	75	315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	65	220	30	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,845	985	1,865	360	75	290
Physical and life sciences and technologies	440	215	225	75	50	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	215	90	120	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	40	55	25	20	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	80	35	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	580	410	170	25	10	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	520	370	150	20	0	10
25. Library science	10	10	0	10	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,070	2,865	205	540	530	10
04. Architecture and related services	105	65	45	10	10	0
14. Engineering	320	285	30	60	60	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	655	580	75	75	75	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	955	935	20	110	115	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	660	635	25	225	225	0
48. Precision production	380	370	10	60	50	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	240	150	95	85	60	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	135	85	50	50	35	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	65	40	30	30	10
Health and related fields	2,840	465	2,375	385	40	350
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	165	105	65	30	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs	2,670	355	2,310	355	25	335
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,140	570	570	170	95	75
12. Personal and culinary services	690	245	450	95	30	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	35	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	215	140	80	55	50	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	140	35	15	20	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	20,490	9,910	10,575	2,260	1,000	1,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,935	4,190	3,745	1,065	500	565
Education	650	135	515	60	15	50
13. Education	650	135	515	60	10	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	380	130	250	30	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	50	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	320	75	245	30	15	20
Humanities	525	245	285	40	20	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	20	45	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	145	30	110	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	85	55	15	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	10	0	0	0
54. History	90	60	35	10	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,515	510	1,010	110	15	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	60	60	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	255	0	245	65	0	60
22. Legal professions and studies	250	45	205	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	25	15	0	0	10
42. Psychology	285	75	215	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	550	280	265	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	2,705	910	1,800	220	30	185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	225	45	180	25	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,470	860	1,610	195	30	165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	355	150	205	50	40	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	85	115	15	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	25	50	15	20	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	70	50	20	10	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	535	380	155	15	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	500	360	140	10	0	15
25. Library science	10	10	0	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,490	2,295	190	255	250	0
04. Architecture and related services	95	55	35	10	10	0
14. Engineering	270	235	30	20	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	510	445	65	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	790	775	15	60	60	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	530	510	20	110	110	10
48. Precision production	295	280	10	30	25	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	185	115	65	50	35	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	110	70	35	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	45	35	20	15	0
Health and related fields	2,305	390	1,915	270	20	255
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	130	75	60	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs	2,165	310	1,855	245	0	235
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	910	460	445	95	50	40
12. Personal and culinary services	560	215	345	50	10	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	165	110	60	35	30	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	105	35	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	28,560	13,815	14,745	4,385	2,025	2,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,330	6,775	6,555	2,265	1,045	1,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15,235	7,035	8,195	2,120	985	1,140
Location of study inside Canada	13,445	6,155	7,295	1,905	890	1,015
Same as province or territory of residence	9,995	4,440	5,555	1,040	480	570
Different than province or territory of residence	3,455	1,720	1,735	865	415	450
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,785	880	905	215	95	125
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	370	190	185	80	25	60
Philippines	235	100	140	25	0	15
India	145	75	70	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	335	180	155	35	15	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	15	45	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other	620	315	305	70	45	30
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	20,490	9,915	10,580	2,260	995	1,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,935	4,185	3,750	1,065	505	565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,555	5,725	6,830	1,190	495	700
Location of study inside Canada	11,220	5,090	6,135	1,115	470	635
Same as province or territory of residence	8,445	3,720	4,730	605	275	335
Different than province or territory of residence	2,770	1,370	1,400	505	205	305
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,335	635	700	85	20	60
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	240	130	110	35	10	30
Philippines	230	100	130	25	0	20
India	115	50	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	205	110	90	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	55	15	45	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other	480	220	255	20	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	28,560	13,810	14,750	4,385	2,030	2,360
In the labour force	20,650	10,480	10,175	1,945	945	1,000
Employed	19,560	9,915	9,645	1,825	860	970
Unemployed	1,090	560	535	115	90	35
Not in the labour force	7,910	3,340	4,570	2,440	1,080	1,360
Participation rate	72.3	75.9	69.0	44.4	46.6	42.4
Employment rate	68.5	71.8	65.4	41.6	42.4	41.1
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.9	9.5	3.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	28,560	13,810	14,750	4,390	2,025	2,360
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,260	3,065	4,195	2,180	975	1,210
Worked	21,300	10,745	10,550	2,200	1,055	1,150
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,730	6,500	5,230	955	490	465
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	9,570	4,245	5,325	1,250	565	685
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.2	45.0	43.3	40.0	40.7	39.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	20,655	10,475	10,180	1,950	950	1,000
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	125	155	0	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	20,375	10,350	10,025	1,940	940	1,000
Employee	18,240	9,075	9,160	1,645	800	845
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,140	1,275	865	295	140	155
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	20,655	10,475	10,175	1,945	945	995
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	120	150	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	20,380	10,350	10,025	1,940	935	1,000
0 Management occupations	2,245	1,340	905	180	75	110
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,420	825	2,600	200	40	165
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,265	1,010	255	85	65	20
3 Health occupations	1,535	275	1,265	160	15	150
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,645	1,050	1,590	215	80	140
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	450	205	250	20	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	5,125	2,240	2,890	515	160	355
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,075	2,895	180	345	320	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	330	275	55	90	70	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	285	240	45	115	105	15
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	20,655	10,475	10,180	1,945	950	1,000
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	275	120	155	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	20,375	10,350	10,025	1,940	940	1,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	130	100	35	105	60	50
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	80	15	60	55	10
22 Utilities	80	65	15	10	10	0
23 Construction	1,915	1,700	220	135	125	10
31-33 Manufacturing	705	525	180	205	160	45
41 Wholesale trade	470	360	105	40	35	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,660	1,205	1,455	295	100	195
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	760	555	210	65	60	10
51 Information and cultural industries	390	260	135	30	10	15
52 Finance and insurance	820	250	565	55	10	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	385	195	190	35	15	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,190	645	555	85	40	40
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	880	510	375	35	15	15
61 Educational services	1,040	340	700	110	35	80
62 Health care and social assistance	2,725	440	2,285	295	50	240
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	425	185	235	55	25	30
72 Accommodation and food services	1,690	835	855	140	30	110
81 Other services (except public administration)	930	365	570	105	70	40
91 Public administration	3,075	1,740	1,335	75	50	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	19,560	9,915	9,640	1,825	855	970
Worked at home	1,295	585	710	170	60	110
Worked outside Canada	50	30	15	10	0	10
No fixed workplace address	2,680	2,075	605	230	170	60
Worked at usual place	15,535	7,230	8,310	1,420	625	795
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	15,535	7,225	8,310	1,420	625	795
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,020	1,825	2,195	1,105	425	675
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,065	5,095	5,970	225	140	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	370	240	135	65	45	20
Commute to a different province or territory	85	70	20	25	15	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	18,215	9,295	8,920	1,650	795	850
Car, truck, van - as a driver	14,375	7,430	6,940	1,255	630	625
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	900	395	500	105	35	65
Public transit	1,280	430	860	10	10	0
Walked	805	395	410	220	90	130
Bicycle	480	380	100	20	0	15
Other method	375	265	115	40	25	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	18,220	9,300	8,920	1,650	795	850
Less than 15 minutes	4,135	1,905	2,230	1,325	595	730
15 to 29 minutes	5,015	2,755	2,260	190	95	90
30 to 44 minutes	5,365	2,925	2,435	55	40	20
45 to 59 minutes	2,520	1,220	1,305	15	10	0
60 minutes and over	1,180	490	695	65	55	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	18,215	9,300	8,920	1,645	795	850
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,085	785	305	170	135	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,910	2,950	1,965	240	140	100
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,755	2,270	2,480	325	185	140
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,120	1,215	1,905	440	125	310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,880	785	1,095	185	45	135
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,465	1,300	1,165	295	165	125
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	21,765	10,980	10,795	2,260	1,075	1,185
Single responses	21,705	10,940	10,770	2,260	1,075	1,185
Official languages	21,665	10,920	10,745	2,250	1,070	1,180
English	21,625	10,915	10,710	2,250	1,070	1,180
French	45	10	35	0	0	0
Non-official languages	40	15	30	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	15	25	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	45	20	0	0	0
English and French	40	30	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	21,770	10,980	10,790	2,255	1,075	1,185
None	21,155	10,690	10,460	2,215	1,055	1,160
English	40	10	25	10	10	0
French	325	185	140	20	10	10
Non-official language	250	90	165	10	0	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	250	90	155	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	34,540	16,875	17,665	4,895	2,260	2,635
Non-movers	28,110	13,740	14,370	4,110	1,945	2,165
Movers	6,435	3,140	3,290	785	315	475
Non-migrants	4,260	2,070	2,185	445	170	270
Migrants	2,175	1,065	1,110	340	140	195
Internal migrants	1,870	875	995	315	120	190
Intraprovincial migrants	1,220	560	660	185	70	110
Interprovincial migrants	650	315	335	125	50	75
External migrants	305	195	110	25	20	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	32,755	15,985	16,770	4,745	2,195	2,550
Non-movers	16,145	7,990	8,155	2,725	1,270	1,455
Movers	16,605	7,995	8,615	2,025	925	1,095
Non-migrants	10,235	4,945	5,290	1,020	495	525
Migrants	6,370	3,050	3,320	1,005	430	570
Internal migrants	5,470	2,555	2,915	975	415	560
Intraprovincial migrants	3,335	1,535	1,805	525	210	315
Interprovincial migrants	2,130	1,020	1,110	450	205	250
External migrants	900	495	410	25	15	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Langford, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Creston [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Langford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Creston [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Langford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Creston [Population centre], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Langford, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Creston [Population centre], British Columbia