Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Cowichan, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Smiths Falls [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	North Cowichan, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Smiths Falls Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , North Cowichan, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : North Cowichan, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Smiths Falls [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	29,676	...	...	8,885	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	28,807	...	...	9,279^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.0	...	...	-4.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	13,416	...	...	4,413	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	12,769	...	...	4,091	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	151.7	...	...	1,600.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	195.56	...	...	5.55	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	29,675	14,360	15,310	8,890	4,180	4,710
0 to 14 years	4,345	2,180	2,165	1,415	730	690
0 to 4 years	1,325	675	655	505	235	265
5 to 9 years	1,475	735	740	515	285	225
10 to 14 years	1,545	770	775	400	205	200
15 to 64 years	17,935	8,630	9,310	5,430	2,600	2,825
15 to 19 years	1,600	815	785	460	240	220
20 to 24 years	1,280	670	615	480	245	235
25 to 29 years	1,330	680	650	510	220	290
30 to 34 years	1,495	710	790	500	245	260
35 to 39 years	1,505	705	800	445	215	230
40 to 44 years	1,545	740	800	425	185	240
45 to 49 years	1,750	820	930	520	255	270
50 to 54 years	2,290	1,100	1,190	680	330	350
55 to 59 years	2,530	1,190	1,345	700	335	360
60 to 64 years	2,615	1,215	1,405	710	330	375
65 years and over	7,390	3,555	3,840	2,040	850	1,190
65 to 69 years	2,600	1,275	1,320	700	310	395
70 to 74 years	1,850	885	965	450	210	240
75 to 79 years	1,335	650	685	310	130	175
80 to 84 years	855	425	430	280	115	170
85 years and over	755	315	440	305	85	215
85 to 89 years	485	225	260	195	65	130
90 to 94 years	210	80	135	80	15	65
95 to 99 years	50	10	40	20	10	10
100 years and over	10	0	5	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.2	14.1	15.9	17.5	14.6
15 to 64 years	60.4	60.1	60.8	61.1	62.2	60.0
65 years and over	24.9	24.8	25.1	22.9	20.3	25.3
85 years and over	2.5	2.2	2.9	3.4	2.0	4.6
Average age of the population	45.8	45.3	46.4	44.2	42.5	45.7
Median age of the population	50.0	49.2	50.6	47.1	45.2	48.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	12,770	...	...	4,090	...	...
Single-detached house	8,190	...	...	2,255	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	45	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,085	...	...	1,790	...	...
Semi-detached house	875	...	...	550	...	...
Row house	925	...	...	140	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	685	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,520	...	...	965	...	...
Other single-attached house	80	...	...	25	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	490	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	12,770	...	...	4,090	...	...
1 person	3,600	...	...	1,525	...	...
2 persons	5,360	...	...	1,440	...	...
3 persons	1,665	...	...	530	...	...
4 persons	1,390	...	...	380	...	...
5 or more persons	750	...	...	215	...	...
Number of persons in private households	29,035	...	...	8,700	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	25,330	12,185	13,150	7,470	3,450	4,020
Married or living common law	15,495	7,715	7,780	3,745	1,865	1,880
Married	12,700	6,330	6,375	2,875	1,430	1,440
Living common law	2,790	1,385	1,410	870	430	440
Not married and not living common law	9,835	4,470	5,365	3,725	1,585	2,140
Never married	5,405	2,970	2,440	1,980	1,045	935
Separated	825	345	480	335	150	190
Divorced	2,035	810	1,230	690	265	425
Widowed	1,565	350	1,220	720	130	590
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,950	...	...	2,460	...	...
2 persons	5,620	...	...	1,455	...	...
3 persons	1,560	...	...	505	...	...
4 persons	1,270	...	...	335	...	...
5 or more persons	500	...	...	165	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,950	...	...	2,460	...	...
Total couple families	7,605	...	...	1,840	...	...
Married couples	6,205	...	...	1,405	...	...
Common-law couples	1,395	...	...	435	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,350	...	...	620	...	...
Female parent	1,050	...	...	520	...	...
Male parent	295	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	7,600	...	...	1,840	...	...
Couples without children	4,770	...	...	1,095	...	...
Couples with children	2,835	...	...	745	...	...
1 child	1,205	...	...	330	...	...
2 children	1,160	...	...	275	...	...
3 or more children	470	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,350	...	...	625	...	...
1 child	855	...	...	365	...	...
2 children	355	...	...	175	...	...
3 or more children	135	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,360	2,410	2,950	2,035	905	1,125
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	12,770	...	...	4,090	...	...
One-census-family households	8,535	...	...	2,375	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,560	...	...	1,060	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,975	...	...	1,315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	205	...	...	45	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,025	...	...	1,675	...	...
One-person households	3,600	...	...	1,525	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	430	...	...	150	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	29,345	14,200	15,150	8,720	4,120	4,600
English only	27,470	13,380	14,090	7,945	3,770	4,170
French only	5	0	5	5	0	5
English and French	1,725	760	975	760	345	415
Neither English nor French	150	60	90	15	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	29,345	14,200	15,150	8,720	4,120	4,600
English	28,880	13,985	14,890	8,455	3,995	4,460
French	295	140	155	235	105	125
English and French	30	15	15	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	145	60	85	15	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	305	145	165	245	110	130
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.1	2.8	2.7	2.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	29,350	14,200	15,150	8,720	4,120	4,600
Single responses	29,075	14,075	14,995	8,655	4,100	4,555
Official languages	26,780	12,980	13,800	8,415	4,000	4,420
English	26,435	12,815	13,625	8,170	3,880	4,285
French	345	170	175	250	115	135
Non-official languages	2,295	1,100	1,200	240	100	135
Aboriginal languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,270	1,085	1,185	235	100	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	20	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	5	5	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	20	20	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	25	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	145	45	100	20	5	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	35	80	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	10	5	0
Telugu	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,620	810	810	155	60	95
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	200	90	110	35	20	15
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	195	90	105	35	20	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	15	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	20	20	15	5	5
Russian	30	15	15	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	20	25	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	5	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	750	380	365	60	25	35
Afrikaans	25	20	10	5	0	0
Danish	60	30	25	0	0	0
Dutch	265	120	145	20	5	15
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	355	190	170	35	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	5	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	475	240	235	15	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages	465	235	230	10	0	10
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	10	5	5
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	420	200	215	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	85	90	30	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	35	20	10	0	5
Portuguese	35	10	20	10	5	5
Romanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	75	30	45	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	5	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	35	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	175	90	85	25	15	10
Chinese languages	165	85	85	25	10	15
Cantonese	75	40	35	10	5	0
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	40	35	15	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	5	0	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	35	40	5	5	5
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	10	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	20	15	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	275	120	155	60	25	40
English and French	55	30	30	45	15	25
English and non-official language	195	85	110	20	10	15
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	29,350	14,200	15,150	8,720	4,120	4,605
Single responses	28,970	14,010	14,960	8,670	4,095	4,575
Official languages	28,220	13,655	14,570	8,560	4,045	4,520
English	28,155	13,625	14,530	8,515	4,030	4,485
French	65	25	35	50	15	30
Non-official languages	750	355	390	105	50	55
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	750	355	390	105	50	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	25	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	20	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	20	25	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	10	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	430	205	225	45	20	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	10	10	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	10	10	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Russian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	35	35	15	5	5
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	20	15	15	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	305	145	160	10	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages	295	140	160	5	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	10	0	5
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	275	130	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	10	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	30	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	55	45	25	10	15
Chinese languages	90	45	45	20	10	15
Cantonese	40	20	20	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	25	20	20	10	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	375	185	190	55	25	30
English and French	30	15	10	25	15	10
English and non-official language	345	165	175	30	10	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	29,345	14,200	15,150	8,720	4,120	4,600
None	27,920	13,550	14,375	8,380	3,975	4,410
English	345	160	180	80	30	45
French	245	105	145	175	80	100
Non-official language	815	375	440	80	30	50
Aboriginal	40	15	20	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	775	360	415	80	35	45
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	24,705	11,855	12,855	7,280	3,380	3,905
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,875	11,455	12,415	7,000	3,250	3,750
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,764	41,608	26,808	27,068	31,488	24,517
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,910	11,485	12,425	7,000	3,245	3,755
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,622	36,581	25,004	25,396	28,928	23,232
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,560	10,530	11,030	5,610	2,665	2,940
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,573	37,420	22,118	24,900	30,837	20,814
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,790	7,895	9,900	5,670	2,470	3,200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,784	10,208	8,159	10,641	9,920	10,964
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,755	8,540	8,210	4,385	2,170	2,215
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,389	34,631	22,852	24,472	30,208	20,288
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	24,710	11,890	12,820	7,330	3,380	3,950
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,810	11,525	12,290	7,015	3,215	3,800
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,326	52,001	33,254	33,314	37,824	29,503
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,840	11,525	12,315	7,015	3,215	3,805
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,987	43,045	29,378	29,471	32,955	26,528
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,515	10,600	10,915	5,600	2,645	2,960
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,223	49,111	29,625	31,338	37,178	26,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,710	7,945	9,765	5,680	2,425	3,260
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,260	9,911	8,730	10,245	9,610	10,717
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,750	8,545	8,210	4,360	2,135	2,225
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,982	44,847	28,799	30,802	36,048	25,784
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	24,705	11,890	12,820	7,325	3,380	3,945
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,245	3,540	2,705	1,760	955	800
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,987	58,637	42,478	43,529	45,379	39,468
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,658	63,931	47,147	47,632	51,453	43,067
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.6	87.0	78.9	75.5	80.3	70.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.1	65.6	57.2	57.3	62.5	51.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.4	13.0	21.1	24.6	19.6	29.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	24,705	11,855	12,850	7,280	3,375	3,900
Without total income	835	395	435	280	130	150
With total income	23,875	11,460	12,415	7,000	3,245	3,755
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.7	96.6	96.2	96.1	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,130	1,245	1,885	895	380	520
$10,000 to $19,999	4,225	1,535	2,695	1,660	700	965
$20,000 to $29,999	3,710	1,410	2,290	1,250	475	780
$30,000 to $39,999	3,095	1,340	1,755	955	460	500
$40,000 to $49,999	2,535	1,210	1,325	810	405	405
$50,000 to $59,999	1,805	1,000	805	475	255	215
$60,000 to $69,999	1,455	910	540	330	195	135
$70,000 to $79,999	1,075	720	360	210	125	85
$80,000 to $89,999	830	560	265	145	95	50
$90,000 to $99,999	580	410	170	90	55	35
$100,000 and over	1,435	1,115	320	175	110	70
$100,000 to $149,999	1,060	825	240	140	90	50
$150,000 and over	375	290	85	35	20	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	24,705	11,855	12,850	7,285	3,380	3,905
Without after-tax income	795	370	430	285	130	150
With after-tax income	23,910	11,485	12,425	7,000	3,245	3,755
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	96.9	96.7	96.1	96.0	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,285	1,315	1,975	930	385	545
$10,000 to $19,999	4,485	1,670	2,815	1,720	730	995
$20,000 to $29,999	4,305	1,675	2,630	1,415	560	850
$30,000 to $39,999	3,545	1,585	1,955	1,175	590	590
$40,000 to $49,999	2,625	1,390	1,235	745	380	370
$50,000 to $59,999	1,890	1,180	710	435	250	190
$60,000 to $69,999	1,325	880	445	245	150	95
$70,000 to $79,999	940	630	310	150	90	55
$80,000 and over	1,505	1,155	345	185	115	70
$80,000 to $89,999	545	420	125	85	50	35
$90,000 to $99,999	305	235	70	35	30	5
$100,000 and over	655	500	155	65	40	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	24,705	11,855	12,855	7,280	3,380	3,905
Without employment income	7,955	3,310	4,645	2,895	1,205	1,690
With employment income	16,750	8,540	8,210	4,385	2,170	2,210
Percentage with employment income	67.8	72.0	63.9	60.2	64.2	56.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,510	1,785	1,720	850	385	465
$5,000 to $9,999	1,255	495	755	425	170	255
$10,000 to $19,999	2,120	830	1,290	665	290	375
$20,000 to $29,999	1,925	820	1,100	565	245	320
$30,000 to $39,999	1,750	710	1,045	525	270	255
$40,000 to $49,999	1,430	670	760	450	275	175
$50,000 to $59,999	1,065	580	485	290	165	120
$60,000 to $69,999	940	610	330	185	105	80
$70,000 to $79,999	760	500	255	140	90	50
$80,000 and over	2,005	1,545	460	300	185	115
$80,000 to $89,999	605	410	190	100	65	35
$90,000 to $99,999	425	310	115	70	35	40
$100,000 and over	980	825	160	120	85	40
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	12,770	...	...	4,090	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,169	...	...	46,805	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,525	...	...	43,448	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,600	...	...	1,525	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,454	...	...	25,562	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,459	...	...	24,402	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	9,170	...	...	2,570	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,109	...	...	63,531	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,432	...	...	57,856	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	12,770	...	...	4,095	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,930	...	...	57,083	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,189	...	...	50,498	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,585	...	...	1,515	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,075	...	...	32,964	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,846	...	...	29,176	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	9,180	...	...	2,580	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,095	...	...	71,255	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,812	...	...	63,027	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	12,770	...	...	4,090	...	...
Under $5,000	165	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	165	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	355	...	...	275	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	550	...	...	285	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	665	...	...	275	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	530	...	...	255	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	585	...	...	250	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	640	...	...	245	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	635	...	...	270	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	615	...	...	205	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,085	...	...	345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	985	...	...	350	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	890	...	...	285	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	810	...	...	195	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	680	...	...	160	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,415	...	...	580	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,295	...	...	275	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	825	...	...	155	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	815	...	...	105	...	...
$200,000 and over	485	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	12,765	...	...	4,090	...	...
Under $5,000	170	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	165	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	355	...	...	280	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	580	...	...	295	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	760	...	...	290	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	615	...	...	290	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	740	...	...	285	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	775	...	...	310	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	695	...	...	255	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	630	...	...	230	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,255	...	...	425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,130	...	...	340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	980	...	...	280	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	845	...	...	200	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	640	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,425	...	...	370	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,175	...	...	220	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	600	...	...	80	...	...
$150,000 and over	655	...	...	65	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	8,855	...	...	2,455	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,580	...	...	63,275	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,053	...	...	57,664	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,475	...	...	1,040	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,675	...	...	64,021	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,264	...	...	57,184	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,875	...	...	760	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,242	...	...	80,832	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,445	...	...	72,896	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,260	...	...	590	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,205	...	...	40,704	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,760	...	...	39,424	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	8,875	...	...	2,460	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,445	...	...	70,846	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,147	...	...	62,614	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,475	...	...	1,030	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,655	...	...	70,296	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,161	...	...	61,789	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,885	...	...	775	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,076	...	...	91,150	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,605	...	...	79,718	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,255	...	...	600	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,615	...	...	46,503	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,826	...	...	42,637	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,735	2,150	2,585	1,865	830	1,035
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,386	32,896	28,651	24,384	23,568	24,512
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,535	29,478	26,227	23,154	22,795	23,456
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,675	2,170	2,505	1,875	830	1,045
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,171	43,385	33,642	31,645	32,522	30,950
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,248	36,940	30,042	28,073	28,538	27,704
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	29,035	14,020	15,015	8,695	4,105	4,590
In the bottom half of the distribution	15,520	7,230	8,285	6,090	2,795	3,295
In the bottom decile	3,285	1,540	1,745	1,405	660	745
In the second decile	3,285	1,440	1,845	1,535	640	890
In the third decile	3,065	1,400	1,665	1,175	550	625
In the fourth decile	2,880	1,395	1,480	1,055	515	540
In the fifth decile	3,010	1,455	1,555	920	430	495
In the top half of the distribution	13,515	6,790	6,725	2,610	1,315	1,295
In the sixth decile	2,980	1,485	1,490	780	390	385
In the seventh decile	2,945	1,470	1,470	635	320	315
In the eighth decile	2,760	1,400	1,360	525	260	270
In the ninth decile	2,745	1,380	1,365	460	230	230
In the top decile	2,085	1,050	1,030	205	105	100
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	29,035	14,020	15,015	8,700	4,105	4,590
0 to 17 years	5,285	2,655	2,630	1,695	870	830
0 to 5 years	1,565	790	775	600	295	305
18 to 64 years	16,620	7,910	8,715	5,105	2,430	2,675
65 years and over	7,130	3,460	3,675	1,900	805	1,085
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,705	2,135	2,570	2,200	970	1,230
0 to 17 years	1,315	645	670	610	310	300
0 to 5 years	440	215	230	240	125	115
18 to 64 years	2,560	1,150	1,410	1,245	535	710
65 years and over	830	345	480	345	120	220
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.2	15.2	17.1	25.3	23.6	26.8
0 to 17 years (%)	24.9	24.3	25.5	36.0	35.6	36.1
0 to 5 years (%)	28.1	27.2	29.7	40.0	42.4	37.7
18 to 64 years (%)	15.4	14.5	16.2	24.4	22.0	26.5
65 years and over (%)	11.6	10.0	13.1	18.2	14.9	20.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,035	1,000	1,040	870	415	455
0 to 17 years	530	255	270	185	90	90
0 to 5 years	185	90	95	65	25	40
18 to 64 years	1,415	690	725	640	305	335
65 years and over	100	50	50	50	15	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.0	7.1	6.9	10.0	10.1	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	9.6	10.3	10.9	10.3	10.8
0 to 5 years (%)	11.8	11.4	12.3	10.8	8.5	13.1
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5	8.7	8.3	12.5	12.6	12.5
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.4	1.4	2.6	1.9	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	29,030	14,020	15,010	8,740	4,135	4,605
Official languages	28,830	13,925	14,900	8,730	4,130	4,600
English	28,830	13,925	14,905	8,720	4,130	4,585
French	1,705	750	950	750	325	420
Non-official languages	3,435	1,535	1,900	340	160	180
Aboriginal languages	80	30	50	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	65	20	40	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	60	20	45	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,360	1,505	1,850	335	160	175
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	50	30	10	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	50	30	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	50	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	35	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	35	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	195	65	125	25	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	0	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	160	50	110	20	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,480	1,130	1,345	220	110	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	270	115	150	65	35	25
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	260	105	155	65	35	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Czech	40	25	10	15	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	15	35	30	15	10
Russian	20	10	15	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	20	35	10	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	995	465	525	90	40	55
Afrikaans	25	10	0	10	10	0
Danish	55	20	35	0	0	0
Dutch	355	165	190	30	10	20
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	535	265	270	65	35	30
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	30	0	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	670	335	340	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	665	335	335	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	100	50	45	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	565	270	295	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	615	250	365	55	30	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	100	40	60	10	10	0
Portuguese	60	25	40	10	10	0
Romanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	450	175	280	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	25	60	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	55	35	20	15	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	10	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	25	35	0	0	10
American Sign Language	25	10	15	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	190	75	115	35	15	25
Chinese languages	190	70	115	40	15	25
Cantonese	80	35	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	35	80	30	10	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	45	15	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	95	35	60	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	55	15	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	20	20	0	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	29,030	14,020	15,015	8,740	4,135	4,600
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	27,875	13,485	14,385	8,590	4,075	4,515
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,075	2,490	2,590	1,715	930	785
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	22,790	10,995	11,795	6,880	3,140	3,735
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,160	535	625	150	65	90
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	29,035	14,020	15,015	8,740	4,135	4,605
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	24,520	11,945	12,570	8,350	3,990	4,360
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,345	2,010	2,335	390	140	245
Before 1981	2,635	1,270	1,365	240	90	150
1981 to 1990	445	170	275	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	375	140	235	20	0	25
2001 to 2010	470	190	280	60	25	35
2001 to 2005	205	85	130	30	15	20
2006 to 2010	260	105	155	30	10	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	420	240	185	55	25	30
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	175	70	105	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,345	2,010	2,335	390	145	245
Under 5 years	555	255	300	60	20	40
5 to 14 years	890	435	460	65	25	40
15 to 24 years	1,125	530	590	115	45	75
25 to 44 years	1,500	680	825	140	55	80
45 years and over	280	115	160	15	0	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,345	2,010	2,340	390	145	250
Americas	590	260	330	70	25	45
Brazil	15	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	10	15	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	15	15	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	440	190	250	55	20	35
Other places of birth in Americas	75	30	40	0	0	0
Europe	2,535	1,190	1,345	215	75	140
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	15	10	0	0	0
Croatia	20	0	15	0	0	0
France	30	15	15	0	0	0
Germany	245	140	110	35	10	20
Greece	10	10	0	10	0	10
Hungary	45	15	30	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	40	20	30	0	0	0
Italy	40	15	30	0	10	0
Netherlands	305	145	160	30	10	20
Poland	35	10	25	15	0	10
Portugal	35	15	20	0	0	0
Romania	30	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,410	665	740	90	35	60
Other places of birth in Europe	235	105	125	25	10	15
Africa	95	60	30	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	15	20	10	15	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	15	0	0	0	0
Asia	985	430	555	90	30	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	95	30	65	35	15	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	15	10	0	0
India	385	185	205	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	0	20	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	80	45	35	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Philippines	165	55	110	25	10	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	25	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	45	20	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	45	40	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	145	70	75	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	420	240	180	55	25	35
Americas	40	20	20	15	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	20	10	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	85	60	25	0	0	0
France	0	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	25	20	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	0	0	10
Asia	260	145	115	25	0	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	30	20	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	15	10	0	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Philippines	75	45	35	20	10	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	15	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	29,035	14,020	15,015	8,740	4,140	4,605
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,695	2,150	2,545	435	175	260
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,080	2,965	3,115	835	420	415
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	18,260	8,900	9,355	7,470	3,540	3,930
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,785	780	1,005	145	50	95
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	800	390	410	65	25	35
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	330	190	145	20	15	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	465	200	265	40	10	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	840	305	535	85	25	55
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	135	80	50	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	29,035	14,020	15,015	8,740	4,135	4,605
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,380	1,055	1,320	440	210	230
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,300	1,025	1,275	400	200	200
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,595	745	850	315	175	135
Métis	680	260	425	85	20	65
Inuk (Inuit)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	20	25	35	10	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	26,655	12,965	13,695	8,300	3,930	4,375
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	29,035	14,020	15,010	8,740	4,135	4,605
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,335	600	735	75	25	45
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	27,700	13,420	14,280	8,665	4,105	4,565
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	29,030	14,020	15,015	8,740	4,140	4,605
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	665	300	365	35	15	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	650	295	355	35	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	565	255	305	30	20	15
Métis single ancestry	80	35	50	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,945	860	1,085	655	315	340
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,800	805	995	645	315	335
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,160	540	625	520	265	255
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	610	245	365	125	45	75
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	25	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	140	55	80	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	55	85	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	26,425	12,860	13,565	8,050	3,805	4,240
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	29,035	14,020	15,015	8,740	4,135	4,605
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,070	985	1,085	195	60	130
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	870	455	420	25	10	20
Chinese	310	150	160	45	15	30
Black	85	50	30	30	20	15
Filipino	235	75	155	50	0	45
Latin American	65	20	50	10	0	10
Arab	75	45	25	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	135	60	75	20	10	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	45	40	15	15	0
Japanese	140	55	90	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	26,965	13,035	13,930	8,545	4,075	4,470
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	29,035	14,020	15,015	8,745	4,135	4,605
North American Aboriginal origins	2,605	1,160	1,445	690	330	360
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,880	850	1,030	560	285	275
Inuit	30	25	0	0	0	0
Métis	845	345	505	135	45	90
Other North American origins	8,185	3,935	4,250	4,075	1,905	2,165
Acadian	25	10	15	15	0	10
American	540	245	295	60	25	40
Canadian	7,790	3,775	4,015	4,020	1,885	2,135
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	10	10	20	15	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	23,130	11,055	12,075	6,435	3,065	3,365
British Isles origins	17,680	8,365	9,320	5,395	2,590	2,805
Channel Islander	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	11,775	5,450	6,330	2,620	1,240	1,385
Irish	5,495	2,490	3,000	3,040	1,445	1,590
Manx	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish	7,975	3,660	4,320	2,470	1,240	1,225
Welsh	1,235	560	675	175	75	95
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	880	405	475	165	80	90
French origins	2,840	1,230	1,610	1,450	650	805
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,840	1,235	1,605	1,455	650	805
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,235	3,070	3,165	1,230	540	685
Austrian	290	175	115	35	10	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	185	80	105	10	0	10
Dutch	2,115	975	1,140	355	160	195
Flemish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	4,035	2,035	2,005	930	410	515
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	190	75	110	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,190	1,490	1,700	105	55	45
Danish	600	280	315	45	15	25
Finnish	360	155	200	30	20	10
Icelandic	220	110	105	10	10	0
Norwegian	1,180	540	645	35	20	15
Swedish	1,070	515	550	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	135	60	70	15	15	0
Eastern European origins	3,210	1,585	1,625	605	260	340
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	10
Byelorussian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	140	60	85	15	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	110	55	55	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	335	180	155	70	35	35
Latvian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Polish	825	435	395	245	115	135
Romanian	170	100	65	15	10	10
Russian	540	260	280	110	45	65
Slovak	50	30	30	0	0	10
Ukrainian	1,365	655	710	215	80	135
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	15	15	10	10	0
Southern European origins	1,525	715	815	325	140	185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	145	80	65	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	25	20	20	15	10
Italian	890	400	490	195	90	105
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	220	115	110	70	25	50
Serbian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	215	95	120	65	25	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	25	15	0	0	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	145	75	70	40	30	10
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	55	30	20	15	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	65	30	30	25	25	10
Caribbean origins	90	50	45	10	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	195	110	90	20	10	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	50	30	20	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	45	10	35	0	0	0
Colombian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	50	35	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	165	105	65	50	30	25
Central and West African origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	35	30	10	25	10	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	10	0	20	10	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	20	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	70	30	35	20	0	15
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	50	10	40	15	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	50	35	15	10	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,055	945	1,110	205	75	130
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	165	90	75	55	25	30
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	45	15	25	40	15	20
Palestinian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	55	40	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	895	450	445	15	10	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	845	420	425	15	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	50	25	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	975	395	575	135	45	90
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	375	175	200	55	20	35
Filipino	225	75	155	50	0	50
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Japanese	150	55	100	10	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	45	30	20	15	10
Laotian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Malaysian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	50	10	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	40	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	255	125	135	0	0	0
Australian	120	45	75	0	0	0
New Zealander	85	55	30	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	55	20	30	0	0	0
Fijian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	12,770	...	...	4,095	...	...
Owner	9,560	...	...	2,380	...	...
Renter	3,210	...	...	1,710	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	12,770	...	...	4,095	...	...
Condominium	1,525	...	...	185	...	...
Not condominium	11,240	...	...	3,910	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	12,770	...	...	4,095	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	1,135	...	...	510	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,235	...	...	1,345	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,875	...	...	1,520	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,475	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	12,765	...	...	4,095	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,615	...	...	1,010	...	...
5 rooms	1,990	...	...	790	...	...
6 rooms	2,035	...	...	655	...	...
7 rooms	1,685	...	...	605	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,440	...	...	1,030	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	12,770	...	...	4,095	...	...
One person or fewer per room	12,700	...	...	4,065	...	...
More than 1 person per room	65	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	12,770	...	...	4,095	...	...
Suitable	12,425	...	...	3,975	...	...
Not suitable	345	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	12,765	...	...	4,095	...	...
1960 or before	1,925	...	...	2,375	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,770	...	...	960	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,850	...	...	330	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,695	...	...	220	...	...
2001 to 2005	675	...	...	85	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,185	...	...	70	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	660	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	12,770	...	...	4,095	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	12,075	...	...	3,645	...	...
Major repairs needed	690	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	12,765	...	...	4,095	...	...
1 household maintainer	7,445	...	...	2,790	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,110	...	...	1,245	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	210	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	12,770	...	...	4,095	...	...
15 to 24 years	255	...	...	155	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,230	...	...	470	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,580	...	...	470	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,295	...	...	775	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,800	...	...	905	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,705	...	...	765	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,425	...	...	420	...	...
85 years and over	485	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	12,575	...	...	4,095	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,620	...	...	2,725	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,955	...	...	1,370	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,605	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,395	...	...	2,380	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.0	...	...	62.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.3	...	...	22.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	850	...	...	1,009	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,069	...	...	1,086	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	360,082	...	...	179,708	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	405,988	...	...	193,895	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,195	...	...	1,715	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.6	...	...	21.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.6	...	...	48.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	868	...	...	841	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	952	...	...	846	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	24,710	11,890	12,820	7,330	3,380	3,945
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,260	2,170	2,090	1,850	940	910
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,525	3,630	3,895	2,305	1,085	1,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,920	6,090	6,830	3,180	1,355	1,825
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,020	2,260	760	610	400	215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,205	700	510	345	200	140
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,815	1,565	250	270	200	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,940	1,735	3,205	1,825	620	1,205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	935	335	600	95	40	50
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,025	1,755	2,270	645	290	355
Bachelor's degree	2,555	1,050	1,505	500	205	290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	375	140	230	35	10	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	175	105	65	15	15	0
Master's degree	810	370	440	85	50	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	110	85	30	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	14,720	6,955	7,765	4,455	2,070	2,385
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,660	940	715	800	430	370
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,545	2,270	2,280	1,445	705	740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,515	3,745	4,775	2,210	940	1,270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,900	1,420	480	405	280	120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	695	380	315	215	145	70
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,200	1,035	160	190	140	50
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,410	1,160	2,245	1,265	425	845
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	575	190	385	60	30	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,630	975	1,660	480	200	280
Bachelor's degree	1,740	655	1,090	375	150	225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	245	80	170	30	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	60	55	10	10	0
Master's degree	485	165	320	55	25	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	20	25	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	24,710	11,890	12,820	7,325	3,375	3,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	11,785	5,800	5,990	4,145	2,025	2,125
Education	1,000	285	720	160	30	125
13. Education	1,000	280	720	160	30	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	365	145	220	115	65	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	55	20	40	40	0
50. Visual and performing arts	295	90	200	75	30	50
Humanities	560	240	320	110	35	70
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	15	50	10	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	150	55	105	25	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	55	80	30	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	25	0	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	80	35	20	10	10
54. History	60	15	40	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	15	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,210	370	840	460	155	310
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	40	75	30	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	265	10	250	195	35	165
22. Legal professions and studies	215	70	145	45	20	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	15	25	0	25
42. Psychology	215	50	165	65	30	40
45. Social sciences	380	195	180	95	60	40
Business, management and public administration	2,070	635	1,440	605	180	420
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	200	40	155	135	35	105
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,875	590	1,285	470	150	320
Physical and life sciences and technologies	395	230	165	70	35	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	85	75	40	15	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	25	40	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	130	110	25	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	260	185	70	85	55	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	140	50	55	45	15
25. Library science	15	0	10	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	35	10	15	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,005	2,865	145	530	480	45
04. Architecture and related services	45	25	20	10	10	0
14. Engineering	335	285	45	35	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475	425	45	115	90	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	795	785	15	155	150	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	815	810	0	120	115	0
48. Precision production	545	530	15	90	90	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	430	290	145	35	25	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	225	140	85	20	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	145	55	15	10	10
Health and related fields	2,690	385	2,305	710	105	605
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	100	30	75	45	20	25
51. Health professions and related programs	2,540	325	2,215	655	80	575
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	25	15	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	935	475	465	300	185	110
12. Personal and culinary services	575	160	415	160	65	95
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	25	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	80	60	20	55	45	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	255	225	30	70	70	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	14,720	6,955	7,765	4,455	2,070	2,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,200	3,210	2,995	2,245	1,130	1,115
Education	550	125	425	100	20	75
13. Education	545	125	425	95	20	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	275	100	175	95	50	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	30	15	25	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	225	70	160	65	25	45
Humanities	365	160	205	70	25	50
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	15	30	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	80	30	55	20	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	40	65	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	45	25	15	15	0
54. History	30	10	25	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	815	190	625	355	110	245
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	25	60	20	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	220	10	210	155	35	125
22. Legal professions and studies	145	30	115	40	20	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	25	0	25
42. Psychology	115	25	85	40	15	25
45. Social sciences	250	105	140	65	35	30
Business, management and public administration	1,375	390	985	385	125	260
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	10	120	100	20	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,240	375	865	285	105	180
Physical and life sciences and technologies	240	120	120	45	25	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	50	60	25	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	15	35	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	70	60	15	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	180	125	50	85	50	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	115	35	55	45	0
25. Library science	10	0	10	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	15	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,925	1,815	105	355	320	35
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	20	10	10	0
14. Engineering	180	155	25	20	10	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	295	255	45	85	65	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	560	545	15	100	90	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	485	485	0	80	75	10
48. Precision production	370	360	10	60	60	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	285	160	125	20	20	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	150	75	75	15	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	85	50	10	0	10
Health and related fields	1,880	250	1,630	475	50	425
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	15	55	40	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs	1,780	220	1,565	435	30	400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	15	15	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	635	310	325	235	145	85
12. Personal and culinary services	425	140	285	125	55	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	50	35	15	45	30	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	120	25	60	60	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	24,710	11,885	12,820	7,325	3,380	3,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,790	5,800	5,985	4,150	2,025	2,125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,920	6,085	6,830	3,175	1,355	1,820
Location of study inside Canada	11,265	5,290	5,970	3,005	1,270	1,735
Same as province or territory of residence	8,355	3,760	4,590	2,740	1,160	1,580
Different than province or territory of residence	2,905	1,530	1,375	260	105	150
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,660	800	860	170	90	85
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	385	190	195	50	20	35
Philippines	90	20	65	0	0	0
India	110	50	55	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	545	280	265	40	30	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	15	10	0
France	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other	495	235	260	60	30	30
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	14,720	6,955	7,765	4,455	2,075	2,385
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,200	3,210	2,995	2,245	1,135	1,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,520	3,745	4,770	2,210	935	1,270
Location of study inside Canada	7,660	3,375	4,285	2,105	885	1,220
Same as province or territory of residence	5,995	2,540	3,455	1,935	805	1,130
Different than province or territory of residence	1,660	830	825	170	85	90
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	860	375	485	110	50	55
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	215	90	125	35	0	25
Philippines	75	20	65	0	0	0
India	55	25	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	195	90	100	15	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	15	15	15	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other	290	135	150	35	15	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	24,705	11,885	12,820	7,330	3,380	3,945
In the labour force	14,155	7,220	6,935	3,855	1,920	1,930
Employed	13,255	6,660	6,590	3,490	1,705	1,780
Unemployed	900	555	345	360	210	155
Not in the labour force	10,560	4,670	5,885	3,475	1,460	2,015
Participation rate	57.3	60.7	54.1	52.6	56.8	48.9
Employment rate	53.7	56.0	51.4	47.6	50.4	45.1
Unemployment rate	6.4	7.7	5.0	9.3	10.9	8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	24,710	11,890	12,820	7,325	3,380	3,945
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	9,810	4,295	5,515	3,355	1,425	1,930
Worked	14,895	7,595	7,305	3,970	1,950	2,020
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,420	3,640	2,775	1,820	985	830
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	8,480	3,955	4,525	2,155	970	1,185
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	41.6	42.2	42.3	42.6	42.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	14,150	7,215	6,935	3,850	1,920	1,935
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	255	140	115	135	65	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	13,895	7,075	6,815	3,715	1,850	1,865
Employee	11,530	5,715	5,815	3,380	1,650	1,730
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,370	1,365	1,005	335	200	135
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	14,150	7,215	6,935	3,855	1,920	1,935
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	255	140	120	135	70	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	13,895	7,075	6,815	3,715	1,850	1,860
0 Management occupations	1,455	855	595	325	170	155
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,855	410	1,440	495	170	330
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	680	580	100	120	100	20
3 Health occupations	1,125	205	920	265	30	235
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,460	420	1,040	430	105	335
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	410	170	240	65	30	30
6 Sales and service occupations	3,380	1,185	2,195	1,060	465	600
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,380	2,270	110	620	590	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	575	465	110	50	35	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	580	505	75	275	160	115
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	14,150	7,215	6,935	3,855	1,920	1,930
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	255	140	120	140	65	70
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	13,900	7,075	6,815	3,715	1,850	1,860
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	670	475	195	25	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	135	125	10	10	10	0
22 Utilities	75	65	10	10	10	0
23 Construction	1,205	1,080	125	255	230	30
31-33 Manufacturing	1,240	1,060	180	335	225	110
41 Wholesale trade	280	215	70	130	105	25
44-45 Retail trade	1,900	865	1,040	660	365	295
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	485	390	90	190	165	25
51 Information and cultural industries	205	95	105	160	75	85
52 Finance and insurance	380	100	275	75	20	55
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	240	125	110	60	40	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	685	355	335	155	65	90
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	675	375	305	145	105	40
61 Educational services	895	220	680	220	70	145
62 Health care and social assistance	1,970	390	1,585	550	70	485
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	330	135	195	55	30	30
72 Accommodation and food services	1,170	410	760	305	90	215
81 Other services (except public administration)	645	265	375	195	80	120
91 Public administration	690	330	355	165	85	80
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	13,255	6,660	6,595	3,490	1,710	1,780
Worked at home	1,235	505	730	175	75	105
Worked outside Canada	25	15	10	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,020	1,530	490	410	315	105
Worked at usual place	9,970	4,615	5,355	2,895	1,320	1,575
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	9,970	4,615	5,355	2,895	1,325	1,570
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,370	2,015	2,360	1,510	640	870
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,050	1,625	2,425	595	250	340
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,425	860	565	760	415	345
Commute to a different province or territory	125	115	10	30	20	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	11,990	6,140	5,850	3,305	1,635	1,675
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,950	5,165	4,785	2,435	1,220	1,220
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	720	345	380	325	140	185
Public transit	195	95	105	25	10	20
Walked	665	265	400	425	205	220
Bicycle	180	105	75	10	15	0
Other method	275	165	110	85	50	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	11,990	6,140	5,850	3,310	1,630	1,675
Less than 15 minutes	4,990	2,140	2,855	1,485	620	870
15 to 29 minutes	4,170	2,145	2,025	715	360	360
30 to 44 minutes	1,135	685	455	450	250	195
45 to 59 minutes	650	425	230	280	155	125
60 minutes and over	1,040	750	285	375	245	125
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	11,990	6,140	5,850	3,310	1,630	1,675
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,005	770	235	275	195	80
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,130	1,345	785	715	405	310
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,975	1,530	1,440	700	345	355
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,650	1,010	1,640	530	195	340
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,335	435	895	345	115	225
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,895	1,045	850	735	375	355
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	15,450	7,830	7,625	4,110	2,030	2,080
Single responses	15,405	7,815	7,590	4,050	2,015	2,035
Official languages	15,365	7,785	7,575	4,030	2,010	2,020
English	15,345	7,785	7,560	4,000	2,000	2,000
French	15	0	20	30	15	15
Non-official languages	40	25	15	20	10	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	25	15	20	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Chinese languages	10	10	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	10	10	10	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	20	35	65	15	50
English and French	15	0	15	55	10	45
English and non-official language	30	10	15	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	15,450	7,830	7,625	4,110	2,030	2,080
None	15,200	7,735	7,465	3,950	1,945	2,005
English	40	15	30	25	10	15
French	90	50	40	115	65	45
Non-official language	110	30	85	25	10	15
Aboriginal	30	0	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	90	25	60	20	0	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	28,830	13,930	14,900	8,645	4,090	4,550
Non-movers	24,960	12,090	12,875	7,460	3,535	3,925
Movers	3,870	1,845	2,030	1,180	550	625
Non-migrants	1,800	845	960	630	315	315
Migrants	2,070	1,000	1,070	550	240	310
Internal migrants	1,895	910	985	550	245	310
Intraprovincial migrants	1,385	670	710	490	210	275
Interprovincial migrants	510	235	275	65	30	30
External migrants	175	95	85	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	27,705	13,355	14,350	8,245	3,915	4,330
Non-movers	16,910	8,230	8,685	4,900	2,315	2,580
Movers	10,795	5,125	5,665	3,345	1,595	1,750
Non-migrants	5,285	2,550	2,735	1,725	830	895
Migrants	5,510	2,575	2,930	1,625	770	855
Internal migrants	4,945	2,300	2,645	1,560	720	840
Intraprovincial migrants	3,495	1,620	1,875	1,370	635	740
Interprovincial migrants	1,445	680	770	190	85	100
External migrants	560	280	285	65	50	20

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. North Cowichan, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Smiths Falls [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Cowichan, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Smiths Falls [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census North Cowichan, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Smiths Falls [Population centre], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Cowichan, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Smiths Falls [Population centre], Ontario