Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Lower Mainland--Southwest British Columbia [Economic region]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia  Map : Lower Mainland--Southwest [Economic region], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	2,832,000	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	2,657,713 r	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.6	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,185,037	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,099,698	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	78.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	36,303.31	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	2,832,000	1,385,250	1,446,745	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	426,565	220,025	206,535	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	137,035	70,665	66,370	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	145,140	75,025	70,115	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	144,395	74,340	70,050	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	1,951,420	957,425	993,995	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	163,615	84,180	79,435	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	188,560	96,505	92,060	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	201,755	100,410	101,345	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	206,890	101,985	104,910	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	191,215	92,570	98,650	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	191,610	91,030	100,580	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	208,560	99,900	108,660	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	217,900	106,435	111,470	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	203,870	98,630	105,240	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	177,430	85,785	91,645	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	454,020	207,800	246,220	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	153,355	73,380	79,975	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	105,975	50,555	55,425	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	77,930	35,965	41,965	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	57,030	25,825	31,210	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	59,720	22,070	37,645	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	36,760	14,920	21,840	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	17,290	5,740	11,545	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	4,835	1,230	3,605	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	835	180	655	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	15.9	14.3	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	16.0	15.0	17.0	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	2.1	1.6	2.6	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	41.0	39.8	42.0	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	357,895	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	161,655	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	572,070	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	24,985	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	106,955	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	172,450	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	266,175	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,500	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	8,075	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	310,905	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	349,285	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	172,935	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	157,590	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	108,985	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,785,950	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	2,405,435	1,165,225	1,240,210	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	1,375,715	685,820	689,895	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	1,187,600	591,000	596,605	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	188,115	94,820	93,295	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	1,029,720	479,405	550,315	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	704,075	375,990	328,085	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	59,290	24,410	34,880	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	147,960	55,515	92,445	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	118,390	23,485	94,910	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	783,325	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	382,340	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	178,990	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	165,005	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	56,990	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	783,320	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	663,130	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	569,090	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	94,040	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	120,190	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	96,730	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	23,460	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	663,135	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	306,065	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	357,065	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	145,235	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	157,010	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	54,820	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	120,190	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	76,275	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	33,755	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	10,165	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	523,050	244,290	278,755	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	692,915	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	267,200	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	425,720	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	43,235	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	363,545	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	310,905	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	52,640	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	2,463,925	1,224,910	1,239,015	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	1,215	580	630	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	192,685	85,790	106,895	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	145,670	60,275	85,395	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	2,614,385	1,290,090	1,324,290	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	29,945	15,035	14,915	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	15,285	7,020	8,260	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	143,885	59,405	84,475	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	37,590	18,545	19,045	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.3	1.4	1.3	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	2,719,185	1,330,900	1,388,280	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	1,628,860	821,870	806,990	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	1,599,230	806,985	792,245	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	29,630	14,880	14,745	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	1,090,325	509,030	581,290	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	1,400	650	755	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	385	160	225	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	20	0	20	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	270	125	140	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	0	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	45	15	30	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	20	5	5	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	20	10	5	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	175	80	95	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	85	30	60	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	80	30	50	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	120	50	70	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	115	50	65	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	5	0	5	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	45	15	25	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	30	15	10	660	295	360
Dene	20	10	10	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	10	10	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	5	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	5	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	5	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	50	20	35
Haida	15	5	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	25	10	15	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	15	5	10	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	5	0	0	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	5	105	55	55
Michif	10	10	5	465	230	235
Salish languages	560	280	275	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	5	80	45	40
Halkomelem	75	40	35	475	225	245
Lillooet	300	150	150	315	155	155
Okanagan	5	5	5	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	15	15	5	445	225	220
Squamish	35	15	15	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	35	15	20	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	255	135	125
Siouan languages	25	15	15	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	20	10	10	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	100	40	55	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	50	20	30	880	435	445
Nisga'a	25	15	15	400	200	200
Tsimshian	20	10	15	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	70	30	40	805	370	435
Haisla	10	5	5	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	20	10	15	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	25	10	15	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	5	5	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	85	45	45	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,088,920	508,380	580,540	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	21,410	11,395	10,015	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	100	65	35	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	35	25	10	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	1,370	685	685	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	5	5	0	805	455	350
Oromo	175	100	75	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	1,175	580	600	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	365	195	170
Semitic languages	19,900	10,620	9,275	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	1,165	570	595	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	14,875	8,035	6,840	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	635	310	325	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	435	240	200	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	25	10	15	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	1,805	985	825	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	100	45	55	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	705	350	360	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	145	80	65	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	25,495	11,685	13,810	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,255	570	685	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	24,205	11,100	13,105	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	35	15	20	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	84,740	34,635	50,105	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	320	140	175	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	3,340	1,325	2,015	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	425	215	210	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	1,310	490	820	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	4,725	1,870	2,855	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	15	5	10	1,430	665	760
Malay	3,575	1,570	2,005	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	645	295	345	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	275	120	155	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	69,045	28,155	40,895	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	180	70	110	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	880	380	500	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	690	355	330	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	30	20	10	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	420	205	210	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	245	130	110	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	6,425	3,395	3,025	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	235	120	115	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	1,850	955	900	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	3,320	1,720	1,600	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	975	580	400	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	135	70	65	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	473,365	231,000	242,370	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	1,225	630	590	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	1,100	545	555	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	61,285	28,650	32,635	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	700	295	405	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	355	160	195	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	350	140	205	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	60,585	28,355	32,230	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	65	35	35	810	385	430
Bosnian	1,225	610	610	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	1,770	825	945	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	5,645	2,735	2,910	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	4,025	1,925	2,100	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	255	125	135	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	12,975	6,090	6,890	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	19,060	8,655	10,410	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	6,395	3,275	3,120	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	1,170	555	615	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	2,610	1,165	1,445	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	605	285	320	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	4,585	1,980	2,605	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	195	95	95	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	350	185	160	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	140	70	65	1,090	540	550
Welsh	140	75	65	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	530	295	235
Germanic languages	52,285	24,765	27,515	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	1,735	870	860	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	2,515	1,245	1,275	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	11,210	5,405	5,805	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	155	75	85	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	33,475	15,695	17,785	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	180	80	95	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	1,015	500	520	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	1,490	650	845	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	230	115	110	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	225	115	105	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	525	280	240
Greek	5,095	2,640	2,455	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	276,335	136,855	139,485	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	231,470	114,305	117,165	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	2,720	1,415	1,305	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	6,410	3,030	3,380	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	25,065	11,975	13,090	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	45	30	20	565	300	265
Konkani	230	115	110	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	545	290	260	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	950	500	445	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	65	35	30	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	183,165	90,735	92,435	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	1,595	740	855	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,515	755	760	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	9,170	4,685	4,480	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	44,500	22,360	22,145	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	1,715	910	805	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	1,075	570	505	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	41,705	20,875	20,835	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	370	190	175	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	75,690	36,725	38,970	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	130	75	60	865	440	425
Italian	16,075	8,070	8,010	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	12,445	5,880	6,565	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	7,790	3,800	3,990	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	39,190	18,865	20,330	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	720	380	340
Japanese	17,795	6,085	11,715	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	65	35	25	1,715	910	805
Georgian	65	35	25	1,715	910	805
Korean	47,895	21,580	26,315	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	345	150	200	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	345	145	200	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	2,845	1,430	1,415	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	420	230	190	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	10	5	5	1,535	815	720
Edo	85	45	35	1,670	770	900
Ewe	60	30	25	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	15	5	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	30	15	20	920	445	470
Ganda	70	35	30	1,295	625	665
Igbo	165	100	65	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	60	20	30	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	105	40	55	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	105	45	55	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	160	70	85	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	650	320	330	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	30	10	20	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	225	130	95	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	670	305	360	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	305	155	155	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	90	55	35	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	215	95	115	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	720	380	335	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	300	150	150	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	415	230	185	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	390,745	178,580	212,160	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	388,415	177,415	211,000	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	185,300	85,535	99,765	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	2,210	970	1,245	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	176,645	80,060	96,585	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	225	105	120	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10,765	4,800	5,965	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	4,360	1,920	2,445	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	8,710	3,945	4,770	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	195	80	115	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,330	1,165	1,160	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	1,045	530	515	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	785	380	405	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	275	140	135	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	220	115	110	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	3,100	1,120	1,980	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	1,025	515	515	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	2,055	595	1,460	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	80	35	55
Turkic languages	3,785	2,080	1,700	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	500	275	220	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	2,845	1,605	1,235	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	165	85	85	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	100	45	50	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	175	75	100	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	8,670	4,040	4,630	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	490	210	280	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	2,205	905	1,300	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	5,970	2,925	3,050	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	395	210	185	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	84,315	40,655	43,665	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	5,985	2,890	3,095	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	74,945	36,180	38,765	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	1,655	805	855	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	1,735	780	950	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	2,602,790	1,275,740	1,327,050	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	1,945,020	966,960	978,060	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	1,935,230	962,115	973,115	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	9,790	4,850	4,940	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	657,770	308,775	348,990	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	160	70	90	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	30	10	20	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	5	10	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	5	5	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	20	5	10	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	0	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	10	5	5	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	5	15	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	5	5	10	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	5	0	5	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	5	5	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	55	30	30	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	5	45	20	25
Lillooet	30	15	15	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	5	5	55	30	20
Squamish	5	5	5	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	5	5	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	10	5	5	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	10	5	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	20	5	10	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	5	5	315	155	155
Nisga'a	10	0	5	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	5	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	5	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	20	10	10	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	657,605	308,700	348,900	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	12,260	6,145	6,115	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	40	20	20	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	20	10	10	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	700	315	380	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	0	0	0	620	330	285
Oromo	80	40	35	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	610	270	345	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	185	85	95
Semitic languages	11,515	5,805	5,705	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	540	250	290	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	8,995	4,560	4,430	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	400	200	205	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	310	165	145	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	10	5	5	735	335	400
Hebrew	795	410	390	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	5	5	0	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	360	170	190	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	50	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	15,890	7,370	8,520	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	635	295	335	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	15,240	7,060	8,175	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	36,345	16,075	20,270	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	70	30	35	290	140	155
Cebuano	1,120	505	615	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	110	55	55	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	375	160	215	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	1,500	640	855	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	5	5	5	435	220	210
Malay	1,065	490	580	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	140	65	70	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	55	25	30	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	31,570	13,940	17,630	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	55	25	30	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	290	140	150	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	305	135	170	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	225	95	130	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	80	40	45	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	3,465	1,750	1,720	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	95	40	55	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	950	480	470	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	1,955	975	985	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	460	250	205	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	60	25	30	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	250,500	121,860	128,635	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	565	270	290	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	525	230	290	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	26,725	12,830	13,895	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	165	75	95	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	70	30	40	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	95	40	50	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	26,555	12,755	13,805	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	15	5	5	230	105	120
Bosnian	565	280	285	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	940	435	505	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	1,820	855	965	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	1,140	580	560	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	120	55	65	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	4,765	2,270	2,490	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	11,215	5,320	5,895	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	3,500	1,775	1,725	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	440	205	235	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	855	415	435	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	65	30	35	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	1,090	510	580	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	670	310	360
Celtic languages	40	20	20	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	185	105	80
Welsh	20	5	10	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	6,425	3,000	3,420	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	665	315	350	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	210	100	100	855	410	445
Dutch	1,015	470	545	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	10	5	5	185	95	90
German	4,105	1,895	2,205	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	55	25	30	270	120	150
Norwegian	75	35	40	345	145	200
Swedish	250	120	135	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	10	355	170	185
Yiddish	10	5	0	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	1,780	860	925	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	182,115	89,165	92,955	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	152,620	74,855	77,765	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	1,595	785	805	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	2,790	1,235	1,560	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	11,650	5,515	6,135	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	5	5	5	135	70	70
Konkani	40	20	20	720	355	370
Marathi	250	125	120	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	560	295	270	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	35	20	20	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	129,170	63,680	65,495	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	595	255	340	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	615	300	315	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	5,320	2,630	2,690	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	29,305	14,210	15,090	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	1,055	535	525	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	665	335	330	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	27,585	13,350	14,235	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	32,330	15,490	16,840	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	60	30	35	355	165	190
Italian	4,020	1,750	2,270	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	5,225	2,485	2,740	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	3,520	1,695	1,825	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	19,490	9,525	9,960	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	180	85	95
Japanese	8,645	3,575	5,075	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	20	10	5	1,040	565	475
Georgian	20	10	10	1,035	565	475
Korean	35,705	16,415	19,295	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	165	75	85	910	440	470
Mongolian	160	80	90	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	765	345	425	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	125	70	60	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	5	0	5	340	180	160
Edo	20	10	10	415	175	240
Ewe	15	5	10	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	825	400	425
Ga	0	0	5	250	105	140
Ganda	5	5	5	345	160	185
Igbo	35	20	15	1,000	485	510
Lingala	35	10	25	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	20	35	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	15	30	1,530	670	865
Shona	45	20	25	1,035	475	560
Swahili	165	70	95	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	5	0	0	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	40	20	20	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	160	70	90	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	135	60	75	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	55	30	20	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	85	30	55	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	940	515	425	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	320	160	155	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	620	355	260	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	287,365	131,920	155,445	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	285,705	131,085	154,620	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	132,670	60,485	72,180	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	680	280	395	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	139,860	64,645	75,215	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	60	30	35	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,665	2,120	2,550	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,500	1,150	1,350	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,155	2,325	2,830	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,660	835	825	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	685	350	340	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	705	345	365	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	180	95	85	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	1,140	500	640	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	435	210	225	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	695	285	415	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	30	15	15
Turkic languages	1,590	830	760	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	180	95	85	1,245	640	610
Turkish	1,225	645	585	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	100	50	50	610	315	290
Uzbek	40	25	15	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	455	230	225
Uralic languages	2,190	1,035	1,155	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	75	30	45	975	365	610
Finnish	495	225	275	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	1,620	785	835	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	115	55	65	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	200,710	95,815	104,895	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	3,910	1,875	2,030	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	193,705	92,555	101,150	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	535	240	295	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	2,560	1,135	1,425	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	2,803,495	1,371,550	1,431,945	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	2,249,180	1,108,510	1,140,675	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	244,785	118,650	126,135	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	22,820	10,360	12,455	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	277,825	129,870	147,955	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	1,440	680	755	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	276,385	129,185	147,200	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	1,020	465	555	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	5,060	2,370	2,690	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	2,710	1,285	1,430	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	85	45	40	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	2,359,980	1,143,780	1,216,205	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,263,230	1,097,500	1,165,730	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,405	38,991	27,391	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,266,270	1,100,245	1,166,025	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,270	34,158	25,579	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,034,790	1,003,285	1,031,505	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,175	39,492	26,202	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,575,265	671,850	903,420	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,847	1,483	3,722	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,700,820	863,460	837,360	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,005	39,839	27,429	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	2,360,010	1,143,755	1,216,260	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,263,515	1,097,270	1,166,245	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,142	55,079	37,735	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,266,585	1,100,070	1,166,515	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,095	44,153	32,383	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,034,275	1,002,715	1,031,560	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,383	56,119	36,919	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,575,245	671,185	904,060	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,404	6,206	6,552	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,700,825	863,425	837,395	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,163	54,051	35,998	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	2,360,010	1,143,750	1,216,255	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	726,080	414,225	311,860	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	54,361	60,328	48,283	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	66,709	74,780	55,988	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.4	93.1	86.6	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	73.6	77.2	68.6	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.6	6.9	13.4	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	2,359,985	1,143,775	1,216,205	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	96,755	46,275	50,480	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	2,263,230	1,097,505	1,165,725	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.0	95.8	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	379,360	161,345	218,020	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	399,980	164,660	235,315	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	290,520	122,995	167,530	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	246,310	110,555	135,755	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	216,680	102,005	114,670	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	171,470	87,240	84,235	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	133,090	74,720	58,365	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	101,915	59,560	42,360	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	80,390	47,760	32,625	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	57,335	35,475	21,860	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	186,180	131,190	54,990	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	121,035	82,855	38,180	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	65,150	48,335	16,810	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,359,985	1,143,775	1,216,205	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	93,715	43,530	50,180	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	2,266,270	1,100,250	1,166,020	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.2	95.9	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	393,465	169,995	223,465	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	418,950	175,390	243,560	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	342,985	148,440	194,535	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	290,545	132,940	157,605	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	240,205	118,335	121,870	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	174,880	96,725	78,155	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	124,580	73,005	51,575	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	89,825	53,595	36,230	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	190,840	131,820	59,020	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	56,960	36,765	20,195	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	36,120	24,605	11,515	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	97,760	70,450	27,310	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	2,359,985	1,143,780	1,216,205	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	659,160	280,320	378,845	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	1,700,820	863,460	837,365	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	72.1	75.5	68.9	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	244,220	109,730	134,490	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	129,965	55,085	74,880	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	230,480	101,020	129,455	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	190,490	85,735	104,760	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	176,405	81,450	94,955	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	161,450	76,815	84,635	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	129,645	68,330	61,315	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	102,940	60,195	42,745	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	81,320	48,935	32,380	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	253,910	176,170	77,740	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	65,415	39,925	25,495	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	46,105	29,835	16,275	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	142,390	106,410	35,975	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,099,695	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,196	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,053	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	310,905	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,372	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,199	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	788,795	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,035	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,340	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,975	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	78,518	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	310,915	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,938	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,547	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	788,785	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	113,122	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,485	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	30,630	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	17,065	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	32,640	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	43,985	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	42,275	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	41,105	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	42,415	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	42,545	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	42,390	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	42,405	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80,975	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	75,570	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	69,635	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	63,805	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	57,215	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	375,045	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	115,425	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	82,570	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	92,765	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	84,285	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,099,700	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	32,700	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	17,320	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	33,215	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45,480	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	48,020	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	49,460	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	51,105	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	51,010	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	51,270	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	49,860	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	93,555	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	84,995	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	77,590	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	67,820	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	58,630	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	287,680	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	111,745	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	69,220	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	106,720	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	752,860	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,058	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,285	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	262,680	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,407	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,424	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	355,980	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,233	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,154	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	107,585	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,944	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,241	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	752,275	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	113,507	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,570	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	262,190	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	106,855	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,973	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	356,320	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,464	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,910	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	107,230	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,377	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,086	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	445,180	215,390	229,790	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,939	33,649	30,619	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,854	30,052	27,923	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	444,385	214,355	230,025	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,880	45,497	40,441	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,905	37,587	34,337	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	2,785,950	1,363,490	1,422,460	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,368,265	652,270	715,990	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	341,810	163,715	178,095	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	265,710	122,465	143,240	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	248,540	118,045	130,495	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	252,745	121,750	130,995	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	259,460	126,290	133,170	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	1,417,690	711,220	706,470	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	263,840	129,595	134,245	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	270,630	134,665	135,960	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	280,375	140,545	139,830	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	292,430	147,565	144,870	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	310,410	158,850	151,565	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	2,765,265	1,353,365	1,411,895	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	516,045	266,115	249,925	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	163,605	84,390	79,210	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	1,826,895	890,630	936,270	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	422,320	196,615	225,700	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	447,165	210,170	236,995	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	96,245	49,470	46,775	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	28,685	14,645	14,035	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	282,590	131,785	150,805	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	68,325	28,910	39,415	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.2	15.5	16.8	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	18.7	18.6	18.7	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.5	17.4	17.7	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	15.5	14.8	16.1	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	16.2	14.7	17.5	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	362,850	173,035	189,820	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	73,360	37,575	35,785	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	21,070	10,705	10,365	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	250,495	119,190	131,305	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	39,000	16,265	22,730	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.1	12.8	13.4	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	14.2	14.1	14.3	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	12.9	12.7	13.1	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.4	14.0	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	9.2	8.3	10.1	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	2,640,970	1,303,270	1,337,695	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	2,639,805	1,302,720	1,337,090	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	192,705	85,720	106,980	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	1,306,390	615,640	690,750	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	2,870	1,285	1,590	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	550	220	330	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	15	0	15	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	355	165	190	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	10	0	10	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	105	50	50	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	20	0	15	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	20	10	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	210	100	105	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	0	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	10	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	15	0	10	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	160	40	120	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	15	0	10	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	130	35	95	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	15	0	15	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	105	35	65	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	100	30	70	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	10	0	10	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	55	15	45	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	20	10	10	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	10	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	10	10	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	10	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	10	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	10	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	85	35	50
Haida	70	40	30	465	205	260
Inuit languages	60	35	35	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	10	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	45	20	30	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	25	10	15	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	20	10	10	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	10	175	95	80
Michif	40	20	25	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	1,630	740	885	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	15	0	20	185	75	110
Halkomelem	270	95	175	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	735	375	360	790	405	385
Okanagan	35	10	25	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	25	10	15	1,305	640	665
Squamish	275	120	150	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	55	25	30	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	225	110	115	565	295	270
Siouan languages	35	15	20	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	20	10	15	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	190	80	110	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	60	15	40	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	70	30	40	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	65	30	35	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	110	45	60	1,490	680	805
Haisla	30	10	25	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	15	0	10	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	55	40	20	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	0	10	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	90	50	40	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,303,630	614,405	689,225	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	30,405	15,945	14,460	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	135	90	45	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	65	40	25	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	65	50	15	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	1,880	875	1,010	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	15	0	10	1,085	625	470
Oromo	190	110	80	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	1,680	760	920	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	480	220	265
Semitic languages	28,645	15,140	13,500	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	1,775	915	860	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	20,905	11,210	9,695	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	760	370	390	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	565	280	280	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	55	40	20	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	4,755	2,465	2,285	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	205	105	100	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	945	515	430	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	300	160	145	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	60	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	31,905	15,255	16,650	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,530	675	860	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	30,450	14,600	15,855	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	110,050	45,925	64,120	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	500	210	290	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	4,390	1,675	2,715	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	1,015	595	415	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	1,420	620	805	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	5,790	2,255	3,535	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	10	10	10	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	6,565	3,110	3,460	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	810	355	455	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	440	175	260	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	99,505	40,840	58,665	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	275	120	155	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,250	620	625	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	1,975	1,075	905	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	85	30	55	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	1,130	615	515	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	775	440	340	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	9,165	4,855	4,310	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	450	210	235	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	2,690	1,445	1,250	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	4,990	2,605	2,385	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	1,505	875	630	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	70	25	40	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	150	80	75	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	606,020	295,920	310,100	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	1,345	685	665	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	1,525	765	760	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	70,430	33,565	36,865	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	700	340	365	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	355	190	165	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	345	150	200	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	69,925	33,325	36,605	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	210	100	115	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	1,905	960	950	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	2,060	905	1,155	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	8,215	4,035	4,185	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	5,110	2,410	2,700	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	350	185	165	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	14,920	7,050	7,875	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	25,195	11,850	13,340	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	8,195	4,205	3,990	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	1,270	615	660	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	3,395	1,615	1,775	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	810	365	445	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	6,715	2,940	3,775	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	265	130	130	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	1,275	690	580	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	375	240	130	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	165	65	100	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	735	395	340	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	74,345	35,630	38,715	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	4,835	2,450	2,380	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	2,965	1,380	1,590	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	13,630	6,490	7,145	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	235	120	120	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	49,850	24,225	25,630	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	240	120	115	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	1,655	840	815	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	3,150	1,365	1,785	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	135	135	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	400	190	215	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	90	55	30	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	7,620	3,910	3,710	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	336,265	167,320	168,945	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	287,450	142,700	144,750	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	3,180	1,625	1,550	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	10,885	5,150	5,735	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	75,365	36,670	38,690	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	50	25	25	905	490	420
Konkani	375	185	185	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	1,315	680	645	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	1,205	600	600	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	70	35	35	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	224,725	112,300	112,425	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	3,160	1,355	1,805	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,275	1,175	1,100	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	15,175	7,935	7,240	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	49,840	25,165	24,670	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	2,145	1,140	1,000	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	1,555	865	690	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	47,490	23,955	23,540	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	800	400	405	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	128,015	60,770	67,250	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	260	130	130	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	26,860	13,060	13,795	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	16,500	7,865	8,635	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	8,915	4,380	4,540	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	82,035	38,455	43,580	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	250	160	90	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	30,230	13,165	17,075	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	100	50	50	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	100	55	45	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	52,875	24,230	28,645	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	335	160	175	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	335	160	175	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	6,235	3,245	2,995	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	510	290	220	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	30	15	10	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	130	75	60	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	115	75	40	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	50	15	40	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	95	60	35	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	115	60	55	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	240	145	95	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	240	110	130	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	105	35	65	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	210	95	115	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	285	130	150	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	2,795	1,510	1,285	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	30	15	15	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	620	315	310	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,455	680	775	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	345	170	175	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	70	40	25	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	280	125	150	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	4,190	1,670	2,520	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	2,340	830	1,515	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,915	860	1,050	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	435,155	200,830	234,325	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	432,595	199,535	233,065	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	224,860	104,045	120,820	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	2,575	1,230	1,345	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	252,570	114,045	138,535	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	125	60	70	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15,800	7,005	8,795	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,405	2,355	3,045	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	8,995	4,120	4,875	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	195	80	115	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,845	1,425	1,415	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	1,395	685	710	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	955	490	470	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	340	180	155	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	295	140	155	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	4,370	1,795	2,580	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	1,510	705	805	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	3,085	1,170	1,915	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	6,105	3,320	2,785	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	835	450	385	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	5,005	2,710	2,295	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	110	50	55	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	170	95	75	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	250	135	110	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	10,045	4,660	5,385	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	545	225	320	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	2,415	975	1,435	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	7,105	3,455	3,650	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	750	410	345	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	2,785,955	1,363,490	1,422,455	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	2,438,345	1,198,880	1,239,475	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	478,730	247,515	231,220	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,959,615	951,360	1,008,250	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	347,600	164,620	182,980	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	2,785,950	1,363,495	1,422,455	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,642,775	827,820	814,950	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,060,950	495,680	565,270	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	234,190	112,395	121,790	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	128,370	59,885	68,480	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	261,075	120,580	140,495	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	285,550	131,230	154,325	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	132,730	60,770	71,960	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	152,820	70,455	82,365	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	151,770	71,595	80,175	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	82,225	39,990	42,235	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,060,955	495,685	565,270	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	84,650	42,820	41,830	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	169,630	87,445	82,185	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	223,525	101,380	122,140	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	449,595	202,210	247,390	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	133,555	61,825	71,725	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,060,955	495,680	565,270	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	73,630	34,405	39,230	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	3,155	1,295	1,860	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	3,280	1,500	1,785	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	4,880	2,460	2,415	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	1,005	470	535	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	355	165	190	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	2,430	1,265	1,160	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	8,415	3,660	4,755	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	2,790	1,185	1,605	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	2,075	985	1,090	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	30,710	14,535	16,170	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	14,530	6,880	7,655	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	195,870	96,100	99,775	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4,045	1,965	2,085	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	4,215	2,140	2,070	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	3,780	1,975	1,800	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	16,720	8,055	8,665	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	3,030	1,600	1,420	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	4,055	2,065	1,995	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	4,180	2,235	1,950	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	10,820	5,575	5,245	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	9,435	4,725	4,710	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	11,475	5,350	6,125	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	4,850	2,415	2,435	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	7,685	3,715	3,970	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	9,090	3,930	5,160	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	3,880	1,945	1,935	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	6,125	2,900	3,225	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	67,055	33,460	33,600	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	25,425	12,045	13,385	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	34,215	17,305	16,910	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	440	280	160	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	2,260	1,225	1,040	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	1,695	855	845	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	4,245	1,975	2,275	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	775	415	360	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	1,360	715	645	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	1,020	485	535	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	9,070	4,675	4,400	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	13,340	6,690	6,655	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	731,625	335,645	395,985	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	4,910	2,475	2,435	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	1,870	950	925	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	190,400	85,025	105,380	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	72,080	33,105	38,975	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	149,035	72,570	76,465	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	35,450	18,010	17,440	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	5,360	2,740	2,620	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	11,305	3,365	7,940	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	38,265	17,415	20,845	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	1,920	1,080	835	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	9,590	4,925	4,665	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	99,720	41,755	57,965	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	4,310	2,240	2,070	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,455	1,240	1,215	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	37,695	16,975	20,725	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	25,045	11,730	13,315	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	42,210	20,045	22,165	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	25,610	12,230	13,380	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	151,770	71,595	80,175	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	10,965	5,510	5,455	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	1,005	460	550	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	480	225	250	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	75	40	40	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	25	15	10	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	215	145	75	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	2,410	1,215	1,195	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	4,555	2,375	2,180	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	230	105	125	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	1,970	930	1,045	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	15,015	7,805	7,205	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	830	440	385	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	835	480	350	6,300	3,255	3,045
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