Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nanaimo, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Nanaimo River 2, Indian reserve [Designated place], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Nanaimo, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Nanaimo River 2, IRI British Columbia [Designated place]
	Data quality , Nanaimo, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Nanaimo, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Nanaimo River 2, Indian reserve [Designated place], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	90,504	...	...	20	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	83,810	...	...	26	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.0	...	...	-23.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	40,885	...	...	8	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	39,165	...	...	7	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	997.2	...	...	38.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	90.76	...	...	0.53	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	90,500	43,615	46,890	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	13,035	6,615	6,425	x	x	x
0 to 4 years	4,225	2,130	2,100	x	x	x
5 to 9 years	4,630	2,385	2,245	x	x	x
10 to 14 years	4,185	2,100	2,085	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	57,295	27,795	29,500	x	x	x
15 to 19 years	4,670	2,400	2,275	x	x	x
20 to 24 years	5,490	2,720	2,770	x	x	x
25 to 29 years	5,550	2,790	2,760	x	x	x
30 to 34 years	5,740	2,800	2,940	x	x	x
35 to 39 years	5,120	2,510	2,610	x	x	x
40 to 44 years	5,090	2,490	2,600	x	x	x
45 to 49 years	5,545	2,605	2,935	x	x	x
50 to 54 years	6,215	2,960	3,255	x	x	x
55 to 59 years	6,945	3,305	3,640	x	x	x
60 to 64 years	6,935	3,215	3,720	x	x	x
65 years and over	20,170	9,210	10,960	x	x	x
65 to 69 years	6,445	3,010	3,440	x	x	x
70 to 74 years	4,745	2,285	2,460	x	x	x
75 to 79 years	3,415	1,615	1,800	x	x	x
80 to 84 years	2,550	1,170	1,380	x	x	x
85 years and over	3,015	1,140	1,885	x	x	x
85 to 89 years	1,850	785	1,060	x	x	x
90 to 94 years	890	285	610	x	x	x
95 to 99 years	240	60	175	x	x	x
100 years and over	40	5	30	x	x	x
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	14.4	15.2	13.7	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	63.3	63.7	62.9	x	x	x
65 years and over	22.3	21.1	23.4	x	x	x
85 years and over	3.3	2.6	4.0	x	x	x
Average age of the population	44.2	43.1	45.1	x	x	x
Median age of the population	45.5	44.0	46.8	x	x	x
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
Single-detached house	21,245	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,240	...	...	x	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	15,870	...	...	x	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,910	...	...	x	...	...
Row house	1,880	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,785	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,210	...	...	x	...	...
Other single-attached house	85	...	...	x	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	810	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
1 person	12,080	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	15,240	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	5,515	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	4,150	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	2,180	...	...	x	...	...
Number of persons in private households	87,650	...	...	x	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	x	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	77,465	37,005	40,460	x	x	x
Married or living common law	43,330	21,590	21,740	x	x	x
Married	34,690	17,295	17,400	x	x	x
Living common law	8,640	4,300	4,340	x	x	x
Not married and not living common law	34,135	15,410	18,720	x	x	x
Never married	19,715	10,700	9,015	x	x	x
Separated	2,475	1,030	1,440	x	x	x
Divorced	6,720	2,550	4,170	x	x	x
Widowed	5,230	1,130	4,095	x	x	x
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	25,515	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	15,500	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	4,945	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	3,765	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	1,305	...	...	x	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	x	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	25,515	...	...	x	...	...
Total couple families	21,020	...	...	x	...	...
Married couples	16,700	...	...	x	...	...
Common-law couples	4,320	...	...	x	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,500	...	...	x	...	...
Female parent	3,520	...	...	x	...	...
Male parent	980	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	21,020	...	...	x	...	...
Couples without children	12,665	...	...	x	...	...
Couples with children	8,355	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	3,660	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	3,485	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	1,210	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,495	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	2,835	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	1,290	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	370	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,870	9,350	10,515	x	x	x
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
One-census-family households	24,310	...	...	x	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	12,115	...	...	x	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,195	...	...	x	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	595	...	...	x	...	...
Non-census-family households	14,260	...	...	x	...	...
One-person households	12,080	...	...	x	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,180	...	...	x	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	88,710	42,965	45,740	x	x	x
English only	82,180	40,085	42,100	x	x	x
French only	10	5	5	x	x	x
English and French	5,975	2,655	3,320	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	535	225	315	x	x	x
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	88,705	42,965	45,740	x	x	x
English	86,945	42,155	44,790	x	x	x
French	1,080	525	555	x	x	x
English and French	160	75	80	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	520	210	310	x	x	x
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,160	560	600	x	x	x
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.3	1.3	x	x	x
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	88,705	42,965	45,740	x	x	x
Single responses	87,670	42,475	45,195	x	x	x
Official languages	78,125	38,000	40,125	x	x	x
English	76,930	37,425	39,505	x	x	x
French	1,195	575	620	x	x	x
Non-official languages	9,545	4,475	5,070	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	95	30	65	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	10	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	5	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	5	5	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	5	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	5	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	5	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	5	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	5	0	10	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	5	0	5	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	30	10	20	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	10	5	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	15	5	10	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	20	5	15	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,450	4,445	5,005	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	330	225	105	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	5	5	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	320	220	100	x	x	x
Amharic	10	5	0	x	x	x
Arabic	290	205	85	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	15	10	5	x	x	x
Maltese	10	0	5	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	460	215	245	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	90	45	45	x	x	x
Vietnamese	375	175	200	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	610	230	375	x	x	x
Bikol	5	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	20	5	15	x	x	x
Fijian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	15	5	10	x	x	x
Ilocano	30	10	15	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	25	10	15	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	480	185	295	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	x	x	x
Creole languages	15	5	5	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	5	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	15	15	5	x	x	x
Tamil	10	5	5	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	5,145	2,475	2,670	x	x	x
Albanian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Armenian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	945	440	505	x	x	x
Baltic languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Latvian	15	10	5	x	x	x
Lithuanian	10	0	5	x	x	x
Slavic languages	920	430	495	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	10	10	5	x	x	x
Croatian	135	75	60	x	x	x
Czech	95	45	50	x	x	x
Macedonian	15	5	5	x	x	x
Polish	220	105	115	x	x	x
Russian	175	80	100	x	x	x
Serbian	35	20	15	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	x	x	x
Slovak	45	25	25	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	10	x	x	x
Ukrainian	140	55	85	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	x	x	x
Celtic languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	x	x	x
Welsh	15	5	5	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	2,010	940	1,070	x	x	x
Afrikaans	75	40	35	x	x	x
Danish	180	90	95	x	x	x
Dutch	485	235	255	x	x	x
Frisian	5	0	5	x	x	x
German	1,085	485	600	x	x	x
Icelandic	10	10	5	x	x	x
Norwegian	65	30	35	x	x	x
Swedish	80	40	35	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	15	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	5	5	5	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Greek	70	45	25	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	1,255	635	620	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	1,110	565	550	x	x	x
Bengali	25	15	10	x	x	x
Gujarati	40	20	20	x	x	x
Hindi	120	65	55	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	5	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	10	0	5	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	860	435	430	x	x	x
Sindhi	10	5	5	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	x	x	x
Urdu	40	20	20	x	x	x
Iranian languages	140	65	70	x	x	x
Kurdish	5	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	135	70	70	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	835	400	435	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	210	115	95	x	x	x
Portuguese	120	55	60	x	x	x
Romanian	45	20	25	x	x	x
Spanish	460	205	255	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	275	95	185	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Korean	405	170	240	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	5	x	x	x
Ewe	0	5	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	5	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	5	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	5	5	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	5	5	5	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	5	15	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
American Sign Language	5	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,740	810	935	x	x	x
Chinese languages	1,740	805	930	x	x	x
Cantonese	425	200	230	x	x	x
Hakka	5	0	5	x	x	x
Mandarin	1,155	535	620	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	10	25	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	5	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	105	55	40	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	70	15	55	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	65	15	55	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	25	15	15	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	20	15	10	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	5	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	255	120	130	x	x	x
Estonian	10	5	10	x	x	x
Finnish	75	30	45	x	x	x
Hungarian	160	85	75	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	1,035	485	545	x	x	x
English and French	255	120	130	x	x	x
English and non-official language	740	350	390	x	x	x
French and non-official language	25	10	15	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	x	x	x
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	88,705	42,965	45,740	x	x	x
Single responses	86,965	42,155	44,810	x	x	x
Official languages	83,215	40,335	42,885	x	x	x
English	82,960	40,215	42,745	x	x	x
French	255	120	140	x	x	x
Non-official languages	3,750	1,820	1,930	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,750	1,820	1,925	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	110	75	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	5	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	x	x	x
Semitic languages	175	110	65	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	170	100	65	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	5	5	5	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	310	145	160	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	35	35	x	x	x
Vietnamese	240	115	130	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	165	80	85	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	5	0	5	x	x	x
Fijian	0	5	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	5	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	65	75	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Kannada	5	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	5	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	5	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	1,430	695	735	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	275	125	145	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	275	125	150	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Bulgarian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Croatian	35	15	25	x	x	x
Czech	40	20	20	x	x	x
Macedonian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Polish	50	20	30	x	x	x
Russian	105	50	55	x	x	x
Serbian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Slovak	5	0	5	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	190	85	105	x	x	x
Afrikaans	35	15	15	x	x	x
Danish	10	5	10	x	x	x
Dutch	50	30	25	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	85	35	50	x	x	x
Icelandic	10	5	5	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	5	5	5	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	20	10	10	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	710	350	355	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	630	320	315	x	x	x
Bengali	15	5	5	x	x	x
Gujarati	10	5	10	x	x	x
Hindi	40	25	20	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	5	5	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	530	265	265	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	25	10	15	x	x	x
Iranian languages	80	35	50	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	80	35	45	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	230	115	115	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	30	15	20	x	x	x
Portuguese	35	15	15	x	x	x
Romanian	15	5	10	x	x	x
Spanish	155	80	75	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	125	60	65	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	270	125	145	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	5	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
American Sign Language	5	5	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,160	555	605	x	x	x
Chinese languages	1,160	555	605	x	x	x
Cantonese	215	105	110	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	855	400	455	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	70	40	30	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	10	5	5	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	10	5	10	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	45	20	25	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Finnish	15	10	10	x	x	x
Hungarian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	1,735	810	925	x	x	x
English and French	115	55	60	x	x	x
English and non-official language	1,590	745	850	x	x	x
French and non-official language	5	0	5	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	x	x	x
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	88,705	42,965	45,740	x	x	x
None	82,725	40,235	42,495	x	x	x
English	1,665	805	860	x	x	x
French	990	415	575	x	x	x
Non-official language	3,225	1,465	1,755	x	x	x
Aboriginal	110	40	65	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	3,120	1,425	1,690	x	x	x
English and French	10	5	5	x	x	x
English and non-official language	45	20	25	x	x	x
French and non-official language	40	15	25	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	74,640	35,815	38,825	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,300	34,640	37,660	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,045	38,463	27,334	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,365	34,690	37,675	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,035	33,852	25,502	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,925	31,570	33,350	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,988	35,607	23,767	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	54,230	23,850	30,375	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,348	7,695	7,136	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	51,805	25,895	25,910	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,036	33,471	23,956	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	74,640	35,815	38,825	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,350	34,615	37,730	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,502	47,475	34,105	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,410	34,675	37,730	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,702	39,687	30,121	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,860	31,515	33,355	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,223	45,845	31,023	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,135	23,870	30,265	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,329	8,328	8,330	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,805	25,825	25,975	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,801	43,230	30,409	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	74,640	35,820	38,825	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	20,505	11,380	9,125	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,732	54,222	44,559	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,621	60,788	49,175	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.8	88.0	80.7	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.9	68.3	60.6	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.2	12.0	19.3	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	74,640	35,820	38,820	x	x	x
Without total income	2,340	1,180	1,160	x	x	x
With total income	72,295	34,640	37,660	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.9	96.7	97.0	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,425	4,065	5,355	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	13,710	5,265	8,450	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	11,025	4,455	6,575	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	9,245	4,145	5,100	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,610	3,585	4,030	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	5,805	3,010	2,795	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	4,260	2,575	1,685	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	3,150	1,955	1,200	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,340	1,455	885	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,730	1,105	625	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	4,000	3,035	965	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	3,035	2,265	770	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	965	775	190	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	74,640	35,815	38,820	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	2,270	1,125	1,145	x	x	x
With after-tax income	72,370	34,690	37,675	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	96.9	97.1	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,870	4,295	5,575	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	14,445	5,625	8,815	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	12,960	5,445	7,510	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	10,700	4,875	5,830	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	8,120	4,025	4,095	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	5,520	3,235	2,285	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	3,860	2,415	1,440	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,680	1,640	1,040	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	4,215	3,135	1,080	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,585	1,120	465	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	860	620	235	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,770	1,395	375	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	74,640	35,815	38,820	x	x	x
Without employment income	22,835	9,920	12,915	x	x	x
With employment income	51,805	25,900	25,910	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	69.4	72.3	66.7	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,310	4,480	4,835	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,095	1,715	2,375	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	7,540	3,165	4,375	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	6,155	2,710	3,445	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	5,490	2,385	3,105	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	4,705	2,160	2,550	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	3,745	1,980	1,765	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	2,750	1,680	1,075	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,205	1,360	850	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	5,810	4,275	1,535	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,715	1,110	605	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,275	840	435	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	2,820	2,330	495	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,094	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,429	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,080	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,248	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,010	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	27,085	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,965	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,560	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,817	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,160	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,090	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,109	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,490	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	27,070	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,320	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,413	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	670	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	525	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,430	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,870	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,035	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,710	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,960	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,980	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,950	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,740	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,375	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,930	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,570	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,405	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,060	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,965	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,880	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,405	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,325	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,355	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	705	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	530	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,460	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,925	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,315	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,130	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,310	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,320	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,210	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,030	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,650	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,285	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,920	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,450	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,955	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,980	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,335	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,770	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,875	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	25,345	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,194	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,541	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,870	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,453	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,441	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,435	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,788	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,403	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,255	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,560	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,359	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	25,340	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,275	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,212	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,875	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,212	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,750	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,455	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,585	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,535	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,235	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,082	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,691	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,925	8,540	9,390	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,852	29,030	26,964	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,729	26,316	25,306	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	17,890	8,570	9,320	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,942	37,826	34,208	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,111	32,172	30,135	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	87,650	42,415	45,235	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	48,620	22,850	25,770	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	11,495	5,435	6,065	x	x	x
In the second decile	10,160	4,560	5,600	x	x	x
In the third decile	9,210	4,310	4,900	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	9,110	4,375	4,740	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	8,635	4,175	4,465	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	39,030	19,565	19,465	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	8,395	4,125	4,270	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	8,720	4,340	4,380	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	8,370	4,170	4,205	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	7,755	3,930	3,820	x	x	x
In the top decile	5,790	2,995	2,795	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	87,650	42,415	45,235	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	15,685	7,990	7,695	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	5,140	2,595	2,540	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	53,815	25,875	27,940	x	x	x
65 years and over	18,155	8,550	9,600	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	15,130	6,935	8,200	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	3,625	1,865	1,765	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	1,265	640	625	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	9,160	4,180	4,980	x	x	x
65 years and over	2,350	900	1,450	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.3	16.4	18.1	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	23.1	23.3	22.9	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	24.6	24.7	24.6	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	17.0	16.2	17.8	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	12.9	10.5	15.1	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	9,325	4,530	4,790	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	2,015	1,055	965	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	710	370	335	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	6,850	3,285	3,565	x	x	x
65 years and over	455	190	265	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.6	10.7	10.6	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	13.2	12.5	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	13.8	14.3	13.2	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	12.7	12.7	12.8	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	2.5	2.2	2.8	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	87,650	42,415	45,235	x	x	x
Official languages	87,120	42,185	44,935	x	x	x
English	87,110	42,175	44,930	x	x	x
French	5,985	2,700	3,285	x	x	x
Non-official languages	12,530	5,860	6,670	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	200	95	105	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	45	25	15	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	10	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	15	10	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	20	20	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	15	10	10	x	x	x
Inuit languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	10	0	10	x	x	x
Salish languages	45	25	20	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	25	10	20	x	x	x
Lillooet	10	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	75	30	45	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	30	20	10	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	45	10	30	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,335	5,765	6,570	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	385	250	130	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	10	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	x	x	x
Semitic languages	375	250	120	x	x	x
Amharic	10	0	10	x	x	x
Arabic	320	235	85	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	35	10	25	x	x	x
Maltese	10	10	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	10	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	495	255	240	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	100	65	35	x	x	x
Vietnamese	400	195	210	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	810	280	525	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	105	45	60	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	15	0	15	x	x	x
Ilocano	45	25	20	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	50	10	40	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	10	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	715	245	475	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	x	x	x
Creole languages	20	10	15	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	50	20	30	x	x	x
Kannada	10	0	10	x	x	x
Malayalam	20	10	10	x	x	x
Tamil	20	0	10	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	7,395	3,505	3,890	x	x	x
Albanian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	965	440	525	x	x	x
Baltic languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Latvian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	955	430	525	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Croatian	185	95	90	x	x	x
Czech	110	55	55	x	x	x
Macedonian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Polish	195	85	115	x	x	x
Russian	190	75	115	x	x	x
Serbian	75	25	50	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	10	x	x	x
Slovak	35	10	25	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	180	70	120	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	x	x	x
Celtic languages	45	25	20	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	x	x	x
Welsh	10	10	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	x	x	x
Germanic languages	2,705	1,245	1,455	x	x	x
Afrikaans	190	110	85	x	x	x
Danish	185	80	105	x	x	x
Dutch	620	285	340	x	x	x
Frisian	25	10	15	x	x	x
German	1,545	720	830	x	x	x
Icelandic	10	0	10	x	x	x
Norwegian	105	50	55	x	x	x
Swedish	120	45	80	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	10	15	x	x	x
Yiddish	30	15	15	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	105	65	45	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	1,575	785	795	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	1,380	675	700	x	x	x
Bengali	35	20	15	x	x	x
Gujarati	75	30	45	x	x	x
Hindi	370	160	205	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	20	0	20	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,075	550	520	x	x	x
Sindhi	10	10	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Urdu	85	50	40	x	x	x
Iranian languages	195	105	95	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	195	105	95	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	2,195	1,040	1,155	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	365	165	200	x	x	x
Portuguese	215	95	120	x	x	x
Romanian	70	45	30	x	x	x
Spanish	1,640	780	860	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	x	x	x
Japanese	480	205	275	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	10	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Korean	360	175	185	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	175	110	65	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	20	15	10	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	10	10	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ga	0	10	0	x	x	x
Ganda	20	0	20	x	x	x
Igbo	35	25	10	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	10	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	30	15	15	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	35	30	10	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	20	10	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	130	35	95	x	x	x
American Sign Language	70	20	45	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	60	10	50	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,005	940	1,065	x	x	x
Chinese languages	2,000	935	1,065	x	x	x
Cantonese	530	240	290	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	1,435	670	760	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	10	40	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	10	10	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	110	55	55	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	10	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	70	10	60	x	x	x
Lao	10	0	10	x	x	x
Thai	65	10	55	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	60	30	30	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	30	10	20	x	x	x
Turkish	30	15	15	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	280	105	170	x	x	x
Estonian	15	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	80	35	40	x	x	x
Hungarian	190	70	120	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	x	x	x
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	87,650	42,415	45,235	x	x	x
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	83,145	40,225	42,920	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15,055	7,710	7,345	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	68,090	32,515	35,575	x	x	x
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,510	2,195	2,315	x	x	x
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	87,650	42,415	45,235	x	x	x
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	73,100	35,440	37,655	x	x	x
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	13,125	6,165	6,960	x	x	x
Before 1981	6,675	3,265	3,410	x	x	x
1981 to 1990	1,365	610	755	x	x	x
1991 to 2000	1,445	645	800	x	x	x
2001 to 2010	2,355	1,065	1,285	x	x	x
2001 to 2005	1,060	485	570	x	x	x
2006 to 2010	1,295	580	715	x	x	x
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,280	585	695	x	x	x
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,425	805	625	x	x	x
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	13,120	6,165	6,960	x	x	x
Under 5 years	1,570	790	775	x	x	x
5 to 14 years	2,350	1,165	1,180	x	x	x
15 to 24 years	3,040	1,360	1,685	x	x	x
25 to 44 years	5,250	2,435	2,815	x	x	x
45 years and over	910	415	500	x	x	x
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	13,125	6,165	6,960	x	x	x
Americas	1,580	675	900	x	x	x
Brazil	35	10	20	x	x	x
Colombia	50	15	40	x	x	x
El Salvador	15	10	0	x	x	x
Guyana	15	10	0	x	x	x
Haiti	15	0	15	x	x	x
Jamaica	30	0	20	x	x	x
Mexico	85	35	55	x	x	x
Peru	40	15	30	x	x	x
Trinidad and Tobago	35	15	15	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,045	480	565	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	210	90	120	x	x	x
Europe	6,695	3,335	3,360	x	x	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	x	x	x
Croatia	155	75	80	x	x	x
France	90	45	45	x	x	x
Germany	735	340	395	x	x	x
Greece	45	35	10	x	x	x
Hungary	125	55	75	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	85	45	45	x	x	x
Italy	135	80	60	x	x	x
Netherlands	495	225	265	x	x	x
Poland	150	85	65	x	x	x
Portugal	50	25	20	x	x	x
Romania	90	45	45	x	x	x
Russian Federation	60	25	35	x	x	x
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	50	25	25	x	x	x
Ukraine	60	20	35	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	3,620	1,830	1,790	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	735	380	360	x	x	x
Africa	585	315	270	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	30	20	10	x	x	x
Ethiopia	10	0	10	x	x	x
Kenya	25	15	10	x	x	x
Morocco	10	10	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	25	15	10	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	305	165	145	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	180	80	100	x	x	x
Asia	4,085	1,755	2,325	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	25	15	15	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	810	365	440	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	125	70	55	x	x	x
India	830	405	430	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	180	95	80	x	x	x
Iraq	10	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	155	35	120	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	280	120	165	x	x	x
Lebanon	20	20	10	x	x	x
Pakistan	40	10	25	x	x	x
Philippines	705	235	470	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	20	10	10	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	20	35	x	x	x
Taiwan	65	30	35	x	x	x
Viet Nam	355	150	205	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	410	160	250	x	x	x
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	180	85	100	x	x	x
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,280	585	695	x	x	x
Americas	130	70	60	x	x	x
Brazil	10	10	0	x	x	x
Colombia	0	10	0	x	x	x
Cuba	0	10	10	x	x	x
Haiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexico	15	0	10	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	90	55	45	x	x	x
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	x	x	x
Europe	210	85	130	x	x	x
France	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germany	60	10	50	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	10	x	x	x
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romania	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian Federation	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ukraine	20	10	15	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	100	55	40	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	0	x	x	x
Africa	45	35	15	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	x	x	x
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrea	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	10	10	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	10	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	x	x	x
Tunisia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	15	15	0	x	x	x
Asia	885	390	485	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	15	10	10	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	255	110	145	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	x	x	x
India	100	50	50	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israel	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	75	30	40	x	x	x
Lebanon	10	0	0	x	x	x
Nepal	0	0	10	x	x	x
Pakistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Philippines	270	130	140	x	x	x
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	20	35	x	x	x
Taiwan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkey	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	x	x	x
Viet Nam	20	0	20	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	45	20	20	x	x	x
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	10	x	x	x
Australia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	87,650	42,415	45,235	x	x	x
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	15,260	7,350	7,910	x	x	x
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	17,335	8,215	9,125	x	x	x
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	55,055	26,850	28,200	x	x	x
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	6,700	3,045	3,650	x	x	x
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,330	1,625	1,710	x	x	x
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,345	765	575	x	x	x
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,990	855	1,135	x	x	x
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,555	1,010	1,550	x	x	x
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	755	385	365	x	x	x
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	50	30	25	x	x	x
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	87,650	42,415	45,235	x	x	x
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,405	2,950	3,450	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,240	2,890	3,345	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,860	1,780	2,080	x	x	x
Métis	2,340	1,090	1,250	x	x	x
Inuk (Inuit)	40	20	20	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	90	40	50	x	x	x
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	75	20	60	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal identity	81,250	39,465	41,785	x	x	x
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	87,650	42,415	45,235	x	x	x
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,990	1,425	1,560	x	x	x
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	84,660	40,985	43,675	x	x	x
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	87,650	42,415	45,235	x	x	x
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,840	900	940	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,805	890	915	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,505	750	760	x	x	x
Métis single ancestry	295	140	150	x	x	x
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	10	25	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	10	20	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	x	x	x
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,495	2,525	2,970	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,265	2,435	2,830	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,355	1,560	1,795	x	x	x
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,835	835	1,005	x	x	x
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	45	30	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	230	90	140	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	90	135	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	80,320	38,990	41,325	x	x	x
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	87,650	42,415	45,235	x	x	x
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	8,685	4,170	4,515	x	x	x
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,900	970	935	x	x	x
Chinese	2,295	1,095	1,195	x	x	x
Black	625	340	280	x	x	x
Filipino	940	420	520	x	x	x
Latin American	465	200	270	x	x	x
Arab	270	185	80	x	x	x
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	775	330	445	x	x	x
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	175	90	80	x	x	x
Korean	405	180	225	x	x	x
Japanese	520	205	315	x	x	x
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	65	40	35	x	x	x
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	255	115	135	x	x	x
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	78,965	38,240	40,720	x	x	x
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	87,650	42,415	45,235	x	x	x
North American Aboriginal origins	7,330	3,425	3,910	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,125	2,405	2,715	x	x	x
Inuit	90	50	35	x	x	x
Métis	2,385	1,065	1,315	x	x	x
Other North American origins	24,025	11,690	12,330	x	x	x
Acadian	150	95	60	x	x	x
American	1,735	855	880	x	x	x
Canadian	22,790	11,065	11,725	x	x	x
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	x	x	x
Newfoundlander	60	25	30	x	x	x
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ontarian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Québécois	0	10	0	x	x	x
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	x	x	x
European origins	68,970	33,020	35,955	x	x	x
British Isles origins	51,540	24,665	26,875	x	x	x
Channel Islander	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cornish	10	10	0	x	x	x
English	33,340	15,795	17,545	x	x	x
Irish	16,755	7,680	9,075	x	x	x
Manx	55	30	25	x	x	x
Scottish	22,515	10,660	11,855	x	x	x
Welsh	3,685	1,690	1,995	x	x	x
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,240	1,435	1,805	x	x	x
French origins	9,855	4,655	5,200	x	x	x
Alsatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Breton	10	10	0	x	x	x
Corsican	0	0	0	x	x	x
French	9,845	4,645	5,195	x	x	x
Western European origins (except French origins)	18,995	8,830	10,170	x	x	x
Austrian	870	400	475	x	x	x
Bavarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belgian	645	310	335	x	x	x
Dutch	5,060	2,305	2,760	x	x	x
Flemish	70	35	35	x	x	x
Frisian	10	10	10	x	x	x
German	13,510	6,280	7,225	x	x	x
Luxembourger	10	0	10	x	x	x
Swiss	475	220	255	x	x	x
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	9,565	4,545	5,020	x	x	x
Danish	1,660	775	885	x	x	x
Finnish	970	430	540	x	x	x
Icelandic	730	355	385	x	x	x
Norwegian	3,885	1,950	1,940	x	x	x
Swedish	2,825	1,300	1,530	x	x	x
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	460	190	275	x	x	x
Eastern European origins	11,545	5,275	6,270	x	x	x
Bulgarian	40	15	30	x	x	x
Byelorussian	20	0	20	x	x	x
Czech	460	205	255	x	x	x
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	255	90	165	x	x	x
Estonian	120	45	75	x	x	x
Hungarian	1,285	480	810	x	x	x
Latvian	125	80	45	x	x	x
Lithuanian	120	50	65	x	x	x
Moldovan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	3,305	1,445	1,855	x	x	x
Romanian	560	285	280	x	x	x
Russian	2,055	940	1,110	x	x	x
Slovak	165	60	105	x	x	x
Ukrainian	5,000	2,385	2,615	x	x	x
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	40	20	15	x	x	x
Southern European origins	6,110	2,960	3,150	x	x	x
Albanian	45	25	20	x	x	x
Bosnian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	510	250	260	x	x	x
Cypriot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	370	205	165	x	x	x
Italian	3,510	1,740	1,780	x	x	x
Kosovar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	35	15	15	x	x	x
Maltese	55	30	25	x	x	x
Montenegrin	10	0	10	x	x	x
Portuguese	505	250	260	x	x	x
Serbian	130	50	80	x	x	x
Sicilian	25	10	20	x	x	x
Slovenian	110	45	65	x	x	x
Spanish	1,010	425	590	x	x	x
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	210	105	100	x	x	x
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other European origins	510	265	245	x	x	x
Basque	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jewish	175	90	85	x	x	x
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	x	x	x
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	35	15	20	x	x	x
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	295	155	135	x	x	x
Caribbean origins	315	120	190	x	x	x
Antiguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bahamian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Barbadian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Bermudan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carib	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuban	25	0	20	x	x	x
Dominican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Grenadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Jamaican	130	70	65	x	x	x
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Martinican	10	0	10	x	x	x
Montserratan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Puerto Rican	15	10	10	x	x	x
St. Lucian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	65	15	50	x	x	x
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	0	10	x	x	x
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	0	10	x	x	x
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins	855	415	440	x	x	x
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	25	15	x	x	x
Arawak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Argentinian	30	10	15	x	x	x
Belizean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bolivian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Brazilian	80	25	55	x	x	x
Chilean	90	55	30	x	x	x
Colombian	80	25	60	x	x	x
Costa Rican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ecuadorian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Guatemalan	20	10	10	x	x	x
Guyanese	20	15	10	x	x	x
Hispanic	35	20	10	x	x	x
Honduran	40	20	25	x	x	x
Maya	25	15	15	x	x	x
Mexican	295	145	145	x	x	x
Nicaraguan	40	25	15	x	x	x
Panamanian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Paraguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Peruvian	40	25	15	x	x	x
Salvadorean	25	0	25	x	x	x
Uruguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Venezuelan	40	25	15	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	10	0	x	x	x
African origins	995	555	435	x	x	x
Central and West African origins	135	95	40	x	x	x
Akan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Angolan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ashanti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beninese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burkinabe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gabonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ghanaian	20	10	0	x	x	x
Guinean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ibo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ivorian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Liberian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Malian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malinké	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigerian	90	65	25	x	x	x
Peulh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Senegalese	10	10	0	x	x	x
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	x	x	x
Togolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	10	10	0	x	x	x
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	x	x	x
North African origins	75	60	15	x	x	x
Algerian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Berber	0	0	0	x	x	x
Coptic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egyptian	25	20	0	x	x	x
Libyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maure	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moroccan	35	25	10	x	x	x
Sudanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tunisian	10	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins	445	230	215	x	x	x
Afrikaner	10	0	0	x	x	x
Amhara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burundian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Djiboutian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenyan	30	10	20	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mauritian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rwandan	15	10	10	x	x	x
Seychellois	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
South African	295	155	140	x	x	x
Tanzanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ugandan	35	10	20	x	x	x
Zambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zimbabwean	25	15	10	x	x	x
Zulu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	15	15	x	x	x
Other African origins	340	175	165	x	x	x
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	30	15	20	x	x	x
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	310	165	145	x	x	x
Asian origins	8,455	3,985	4,470	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	945	515	430	x	x	x
Afghan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	155	115	40	x	x	x
Armenian	30	10	20	x	x	x
Assyrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	10	x	x	x
Georgian	15	0	10	x	x	x
Hazara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian	315	160	155	x	x	x
Iraqi	10	0	10	x	x	x
Israeli	20	0	25	x	x	x
Jordanian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Kazakh	20	10	10	x	x	x
Kurd	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lebanese	160	95	65	x	x	x
Palestinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashtun	0	0	0	x	x	x
Saudi Arabian	65	70	0	x	x	x
Syrian	130	50	75	x	x	x
Tajik	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tatar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turk	40	20	25	x	x	x
Turkmen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uighur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yemeni	10	0	10	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	30	30	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins	1,995	1,020	975	x	x	x
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bengali	15	10	0	x	x	x
Bhutanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
East Indian	1,715	870	840	x	x	x
Goan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	15	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	20	0	15	x	x	x
Pakistani	15	0	10	x	x	x
Punjabi	180	100	80	x	x	x
Sinhalese	0	10	0	x	x	x
Sri Lankan	35	25	10	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	15	10	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins	5,560	2,475	3,090	x	x	x
Burmese	10	10	0	x	x	x
Cambodian (Khmer)	150	75	70	x	x	x
Chinese	2,760	1,290	1,470	x	x	x
Filipino	1,055	420	635	x	x	x
Hmong	10	0	0	x	x	x
Indonesian	125	55	65	x	x	x
Japanese	625	260	370	x	x	x
Karen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	410	185	220	x	x	x
Laotian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Malaysian	40	10	35	x	x	x
Mongolian	15	0	10	x	x	x
Singaporean	10	0	10	x	x	x
Taiwanese	50	15	35	x	x	x
Thai	80	15	70	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	540	235	310	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins	20	10	10	x	x	x
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Oceania origins	605	315	290	x	x	x
Australian	295	160	140	x	x	x
New Zealander	100	45	65	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins	210	115	90	x	x	x
Fijian	55	30	25	x	x	x
Hawaiian	125	70	50	x	x	x
Maori	20	15	10	x	x	x
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Samoan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	10	x	x	x
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
Owner	26,445	...	...	x	...	...
Renter	12,720	...	...	x	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
Condominium	6,045	...	...	x	...	...
Not condominium	33,120	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
No bedrooms	270	...	...	x	...	...
1 bedroom	4,790	...	...	x	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,425	...	...	x	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,485	...	...	x	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,195	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,790	...	...	x	...	...
5 rooms	6,635	...	...	x	...	...
6 rooms	5,620	...	...	x	...	...
7 rooms	4,565	...	...	x	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,545	...	...	x	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
One person or fewer per room	38,960	...	...	x	...	...
More than 1 person per room	200	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
Suitable	37,975	...	...	x	...	...
Not suitable	1,190	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
1960 or before	5,630	...	...	x	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,350	...	...	x	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,965	...	...	x	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,765	...	...	x	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,420	...	...	x	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,455	...	...	x	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,580	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	36,875	...	...	x	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,290	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,825	...	...	x	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,270	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,065	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	39,165	...	...	x	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,560	...	...	x	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,205	...	...	x	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,650	...	...	x	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,835	...	...	x	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,100	...	...	x	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,725	...	...	x	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,715	...	...	x	...	...
85 years and over	1,375	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	39,130	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	28,475	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,655	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,355	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	26,425	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	59.3	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.1	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	995	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,127	...	...	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	359,760	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	392,962	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,720	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.3	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.2	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	912	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	978	...	...	x	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	74,640	35,820	38,825	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,210	5,825	5,385	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,045	11,035	12,005	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,390	18,960	21,435	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,915	5,735	2,180	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,215	1,720	1,495	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,700	4,015	685	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,460	5,455	9,005	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,470	1,255	2,215	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,555	6,520	8,035	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	9,415	4,110	5,300	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,095	460	635	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	445	285	165	x	x	x
Master's degree	3,000	1,325	1,670	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	600	340	260	x	x	x
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	46,415	22,135	24,280	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,580	2,640	1,940	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,215	6,590	6,625	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,615	12,900	15,710	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,990	3,665	1,325	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,045	1,105	940	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,945	2,560	385	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,370	3,885	6,485	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,430	875	1,550	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,825	4,475	6,345	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	7,150	2,955	4,195	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	760	305	455	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	160	140	x	x	x
Master's degree	2,240	885	1,350	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	380	170	210	x	x	x
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	74,640	35,815	38,820	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,250	16,860	17,390	x	x	x
Education	2,995	785	2,215	x	x	x
13. Education	2,995	785	2,210	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,365	570	795	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	210	165	40	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	1,160	405	755	x	x	x
Humanities	1,765	795	975	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	155	65	90	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	605	240	360	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	425	160	270	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	85	55	35	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	210	145	65	x	x	x
54. History	260	135	125	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	20	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,085	1,390	2,690	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	15	45	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	245	110	130	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	935	110	820	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	590	170	420	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	25	45	x	x	x
42. Psychology	745	205	535	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	1,450	755	695	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	7,710	2,625	5,085	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	560	110	445	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,145	2,515	4,635	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,405	715	685	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	765	355	410	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	210	75	130	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	15	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	310	225	90	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	45	55	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,085	690	395	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	885	595	280	x	x	x
25. Library science	85	0	80	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	115	75	35	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,055	7,610	440	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	170	105	65	x	x	x
14. Engineering	1,045	945	95	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,385	1,240	145	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	2,520	2,445	70	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,015	1,975	45	x	x	x
48. Precision production	920	900	25	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,180	805	375	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	495	260	235	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	685	550	135	x	x	x
Health and related fields	7,595	1,400	6,200	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	470	225	245	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	6,945	1,055	5,890	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	185	120	60	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,130	1,565	1,570	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	2,110	650	1,460	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	280	230	55	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	725	660	60	x	x	x
Other	10	0	10	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	x	x	x
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	46,410	22,135	24,280	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,800	9,230	8,570	x	x	x
Education	1,985	435	1,550	x	x	x
13. Education	1,985	440	1,550	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	960	385	580	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	125	100	30	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	835	285	550	x	x	x
Humanities	1,235	555	680	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	105	45	60	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	460	185	275	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	300	115	190	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	30	15	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	85	45	x	x	x
54. History	175	95	80	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	20	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,135	995	2,140	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	30	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	210	95	110	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	730	85	645	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	480	120	360	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	20	40	x	x	x
42. Psychology	540	135	410	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	1,080	530	550	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	5,510	1,890	3,625	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	430	85	345	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,070	1,795	3,275	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	950	445	505	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	555	245	310	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	50	90	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	15	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	175	115	65	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	25	40	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	860	575	285	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	755	535	225	x	x	x
25. Library science	60	0	55	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	35	10	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,215	4,885	335	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	130	70	70	x	x	x
14. Engineering	625	550	70	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	895	805	90	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	1,750	1,690	60	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,250	1,230	20	x	x	x
48. Precision production	560	540	25	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	920	605	320	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	380	195	185	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	540	410	135	x	x	x
Health and related fields	5,635	1,065	4,565	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	360	180	180	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	5,155	825	4,335	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	115	65	50	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,185	1,070	1,120	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	1,495	465	1,025	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	200	160	40	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	490	435	55	x	x	x
Other	10	0	10	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	x	x	x
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	74,640	35,820	38,825	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,250	16,860	17,390	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40,390	18,955	21,435	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	34,990	16,195	18,795	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	25,770	11,630	14,145	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	9,220	4,565	4,650	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,405	2,765	2,640	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,140	640	500	x	x	x
Philippines	330	100	230	x	x	x
India	275	145	125	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,385	765	620	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	380	185	195	x	x	x
France	30	10	15	x	x	x
Other	1,865	915	955	x	x	x
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	46,410	22,135	24,280	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,795	9,230	8,565	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	28,615	12,905	15,710	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	25,505	11,480	14,025	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	19,655	8,615	11,045	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	5,845	2,865	2,980	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,105	1,420	1,685	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	610	295	315	x	x	x
Philippines	290	95	200	x	x	x
India	205	100	105	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	600	305	295	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	335	160	170	x	x	x
France	0	0	10	x	x	x
Other	1,065	465	605	x	x	x
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	74,640	35,815	38,825	x	x	x
In the labour force	44,770	22,525	22,245	x	x	x
Employed	41,330	20,575	20,755	x	x	x
Unemployed	3,440	1,950	1,485	x	x	x
Not in the labour force	29,870	13,290	16,580	x	x	x
Participation rate	60.0	62.9	57.3	x	x	x
Employment rate	55.4	57.4	53.5	x	x	x
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.7	6.7	x	x	x
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	74,640	35,815	38,820	x	x	x
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,615	12,370	15,250	x	x	x
Worked	47,025	23,455	23,575	x	x	x
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	21,120	11,790	9,335	x	x	x
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	25,905	11,665	14,240	x	x	x
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	42.1	41.6	x	x	x
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	44,770	22,525	22,245	x	x	x
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	975	565	415	x	x	x
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	43,790	21,960	21,835	x	x	x
Employee	38,005	18,535	19,465	x	x	x
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,790	3,430	2,360	x	x	x
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	44,770	22,525	22,245	x	x	x
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	975	570	415	x	x	x
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	43,790	21,960	21,830	x	x	x
0 Management occupations	4,270	2,560	1,710	x	x	x
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,845	1,535	4,310	x	x	x
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,635	2,170	470	x	x	x
3 Health occupations	3,855	760	3,095	x	x	x
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,805	1,455	3,350	x	x	x
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,265	515	750	x	x	x
6 Sales and service occupations	12,575	5,145	7,430	x	x	x
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,565	6,155	410	x	x	x
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	990	830	165	x	x	x
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	985	840	150	x	x	x
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	44,770	22,525	22,245	x	x	x
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	980	565	410	x	x	x
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	43,790	21,960	21,830	x	x	x
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	960	770	195	x	x	x
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	290	270	20	x	x	x
22 Utilities	210	160	55	x	x	x
23 Construction	3,775	3,340	435	x	x	x
31-33 Manufacturing	1,875	1,415	455	x	x	x
41 Wholesale trade	1,065	835	225	x	x	x
44-45 Retail trade	6,610	3,010	3,600	x	x	x
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,040	1,585	460	x	x	x
51 Information and cultural industries	1,225	785	440	x	x	x
52 Finance and insurance	1,430	505	925	x	x	x
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	730	375	355	x	x	x
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,765	1,535	1,235	x	x	x
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	x	x	x
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,320	1,325	995	x	x	x
61 Educational services	2,995	930	2,065	x	x	x
62 Health care and social assistance	6,600	1,270	5,335	x	x	x
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	820	350	465	x	x	x
72 Accommodation and food services	3,840	1,525	2,315	x	x	x
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,055	860	1,200	x	x	x
91 Public administration	2,165	1,115	1,045	x	x	x
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	41,330	20,575	20,755	x	x	x
Worked at home	3,215	1,540	1,680	x	x	x
Worked outside Canada	140	90	60	x	x	x
No fixed workplace address	6,175	4,700	1,480	x	x	x
Worked at usual place	31,800	14,255	17,540	x	x	x
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	31,795	14,255	17,545	x	x	x
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,920	11,270	15,645	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,495	1,455	1,045	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,030	1,250	780	x	x	x
Commute to a different province or territory	345	275	75	x	x	x
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	37,975	18,950	19,020	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a driver	30,165	15,175	14,995	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,355	1,015	1,345	x	x	x
Public transit	1,575	700	875	x	x	x
Walked	2,420	1,040	1,380	x	x	x
Bicycle	620	420	200	x	x	x
Other method	835	600	230	x	x	x
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	37,970	18,950	19,020	x	x	x
Less than 15 minutes	17,115	7,740	9,375	x	x	x
15 to 29 minutes	14,075	6,885	7,190	x	x	x
30 to 44 minutes	4,085	2,490	1,590	x	x	x
45 to 59 minutes	1,045	680	365	x	x	x
60 minutes and over	1,660	1,155	505	x	x	x
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	37,975	18,950	19,025	x	x	x
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,200	1,475	725	x	x	x
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,915	3,200	1,715	x	x	x
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,340	5,310	5,030	x	x	x
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,880	3,610	5,270	x	x	x
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,185	2,075	3,110	x	x	x
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,455	3,280	3,175	x	x	x
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	48,500	24,130	24,370	x	x	x
Single responses	48,295	24,015	24,285	x	x	x
Official languages	48,060	23,880	24,180	x	x	x
English	47,970	23,865	24,105	x	x	x
French	90	15	70	x	x	x
Non-official languages	235	140	100	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	240	135	100	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	10	0	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	0	10	x	x	x
Vietnamese	55	25	25	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	30	20	15	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Afrikaans	10	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	0	0	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	10	0	0	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	10	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	0	0	10	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	10	0	10	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	20	10	15	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	65	40	x	x	x
Chinese languages	105	60	40	x	x	x
Cantonese	25	20	10	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	70	35	30	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	200	115	85	x	x	x
English and French	45	15	25	x	x	x
English and non-official language	145	90	60	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	x	x	x
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	48,500	24,125	24,375	x	x	x
None	47,370	23,635	23,735	x	x	x
English	170	65	105	x	x	x
French	315	140	170	x	x	x
Non-official language	635	285	350	x	x	x
Aboriginal	35	10	25	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	595	275	320	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
French and non-official language	10	0	10	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	86,940	42,100	44,835	x	x	x
Non-movers	71,125	34,460	36,670	x	x	x
Movers	15,810	7,645	8,165	x	x	x
Non-migrants	10,015	4,855	5,165	x	x	x
Migrants	5,795	2,790	3,000	x	x	x
Internal migrants	5,005	2,400	2,600	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	3,330	1,530	1,800	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	1,675	870	800	x	x	x
External migrants	790	385	405	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	83,425	40,335	43,090	x	x	x
Non-movers	44,340	21,485	22,855	x	x	x
Movers	39,080	18,845	20,240	x	x	x
Non-migrants	21,740	10,420	11,320	x	x	x
Migrants	17,350	8,430	8,920	x	x	x
Internal migrants	14,615	7,080	7,540	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	9,720	4,630	5,085	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	4,900	2,450	2,450	x	x	x
External migrants	2,730	1,345	1,380	x	x	x

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Nanaimo, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Nanaimo River 2, IRI [Designated place], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 31, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nanaimo, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Nanaimo River 2, Indian reserve [Designated place], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Nanaimo, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Nanaimo River 2, Indian reserve [Designated place], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nanaimo, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Nanaimo River 2, Indian reserve [Designated place], British Columbia