Census Profile, 2016 Census
Port Alberni, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Alberni-Clayoquot, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Port Alberni, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Alberni-Clayoquot, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , Port Alberni, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Port Alberni, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Alberni-Clayoquot, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	17,678	...	...	30,981	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	17,743	...	...	31,061	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.4	...	...	-0.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,567	...	...	15,490	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,119	...	...	13,654	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	894.7	...	...	4.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	19.76	...	...	6,589.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	17,675	8,645	9,035	30,985	15,510	15,470
0 to 14 years	2,675	1,330	1,345	4,740	2,405	2,330
0 to 4 years	835	405	430	1,505	760	745
5 to 9 years	935	450	480	1,695	850	845
10 to 14 years	910	475	435	1,535	795	740
15 to 64 years	10,720	5,290	5,430	19,480	9,765	9,720
15 to 19 years	1,005	500	510	1,620	820	800
20 to 24 years	880	500	380	1,570	840	730
25 to 29 years	845	405	440	1,615	785	830
30 to 34 years	850	440	415	1,770	905	865
35 to 39 years	945	460	485	1,795	900	895
40 to 44 years	885	410	475	1,665	825	835
45 to 49 years	1,015	505	505	1,905	945	960
50 to 54 years	1,345	640	700	2,335	1,140	1,190
55 to 59 years	1,460	715	745	2,630	1,320	1,305
60 to 64 years	1,490	715	775	2,580	1,285	1,300
65 years and over	4,285	2,025	2,260	6,760	3,340	3,415
65 to 69 years	1,370	690	680	2,340	1,215	1,125
70 to 74 years	1,060	530	525	1,725	875	840
75 to 79 years	720	335	390	1,155	560	590
80 to 84 years	570	250	315	805	390	415
85 years and over	565	220	350	745	295	445
85 to 89 years	360	160	200	480	220	265
90 to 94 years	160	45	110	195	60	135
95 to 99 years	45	10	35	60	10	45
100 years and over	5	5	5	5	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	15.4	14.9	15.3	15.5	15.1
15 to 64 years	60.7	61.2	60.1	62.9	63.0	62.8
65 years and over	24.2	23.4	25.0	21.8	21.5	22.1
85 years and over	3.2	2.5	3.9	2.4	1.9	2.9
Average age of the population	45.3	44.5	45.9	44.2	43.8	44.6
Median age of the population	48.7	47.8	49.6	46.9	46.6	47.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
Single-detached house	5,625	...	...	10,005	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	110	...	...	110	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,240	...	...	2,945	...	...
Semi-detached house	240	...	...	425	...	...
Row house	420	...	...	575	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	380	...	...	545	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,170	...	...	1,360	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	40	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	140	...	...	595	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
1 person	2,850	...	...	4,380	...	...
2 persons	3,100	...	...	5,350	...	...
3 persons	1,030	...	...	1,830	...	...
4 persons	735	...	...	1,290	...	...
5 or more persons	405	...	...	800	...	...
Number of persons in private households	17,325	...	...	30,260	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	15,000	7,310	7,685	26,245	13,105	13,135
Married or living common law	8,155	4,090	4,070	14,950	7,490	7,460
Married	6,425	3,220	3,200	11,475	5,760	5,715
Living common law	1,730	865	865	3,475	1,735	1,745
Not married and not living common law	6,845	3,230	3,620	11,295	5,615	5,675
Never married	3,750	2,145	1,605	6,640	3,840	2,800
Separated	495	210	280	790	370	420
Divorced	1,330	600	735	2,090	1,000	1,090
Widowed	1,275	275	1,005	1,770	405	1,365
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,010	...	...	8,845	...	...
2 persons	3,085	...	...	5,435	...	...
3 persons	970	...	...	1,685	...	...
4 persons	670	...	...	1,180	...	...
5 or more persons	285	...	...	545	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,005	...	...	8,845	...	...
Total couple families	3,995	...	...	7,295	...	...
Married couples	3,125	...	...	5,555	...	...
Common-law couples	865	...	...	1,740	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,015	...	...	1,560	...	...
Female parent	775	...	...	1,140	...	...
Male parent	245	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,995	...	...	7,290	...	...
Couples without children	2,465	...	...	4,455	...	...
Couples with children	1,525	...	...	2,835	...	...
1 child	695	...	...	1,290	...	...
2 children	580	...	...	1,055	...	...
3 or more children	250	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,015	...	...	1,560	...	...
1 child	615	...	...	980	...	...
2 children	275	...	...	400	...	...
3 or more children	125	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,035	1,970	2,065	6,655	3,410	3,240
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
One-census-family households	4,855	...	...	8,455	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,415	...	...	4,325	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,440	...	...	4,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	75	...	...	190	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,190	...	...	5,005	...	...
One-person households	2,850	...	...	4,380	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	335	...	...	620	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	17,400	8,535	8,865	30,690	15,395	15,290
English only	16,395	8,075	8,320	28,865	14,570	14,295
French only	5	0	5	10	5	5
English and French	945	440	500	1,740	800	940
Neither English nor French	60	20	45	75	25	55
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	17,400	8,535	8,865	30,690	15,395	15,290
English	17,100	8,400	8,700	30,145	15,135	15,010
French	240	120	115	455	225	225
English and French	5	0	5	25	15	10
Neither English nor French	60	15	40	70	25	50
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	240	125	120	465	235	230
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	17,400	8,535	8,865	30,690	15,400	15,290
Single responses	17,230	8,455	8,780	30,405	15,260	15,145
Official languages	15,825	7,810	8,015	28,060	14,150	13,910
English	15,535	7,670	7,870	27,520	13,885	13,635
French	290	145	145	550	270	275
Non-official languages	1,410	645	760	2,345	1,110	1,230
Aboriginal languages	85	35	45	225	105	120
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	10	10	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	10	10	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	5	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	5	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	10	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	5	5	0	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	60	25	30	160	85	80
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	55	25	30	160	80	75
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	5	25	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,325	605	715	2,115	1,005	1,115
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	15	30	95	30	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	5	5	5
Fijian	5	0	0	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	10	25	80	20	55
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,065	500	565	1,680	820	860
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	165	60	100	270	115	155
Baltic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	5	5	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	160	65	100	265	115	155
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	55	25	30	75	35	45
Czech	5	5	5	25	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	30	15	20
Russian	10	5	10	20	10	10
Serbian	5	5	5	15	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovak	10	0	5	15	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	35	15	20
Ukrainian	30	10	20	45	20	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	5	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	430	205	230	810	405	400
Afrikaans	5	0	0	40	20	20
Danish	25	15	10	50	30	20
Dutch	145	65	80	250	125	125
Frisian	5	0	5	5	5	0
German	235	110	125	415	200	210
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	5	30	20	10
Swedish	10	0	5	15	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	290	150	140	325	175	155
Indo-Aryan languages	290	150	135	320	170	155
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	20	10	35	25	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	130	125	280	145	140
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	75	95	265	120	145
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	125	60	70	175	80	90
Portuguese	0	5	0	5	5	5
Romanian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	40	15	25	80	30	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	20	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	10	45	20	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	40	45	120	60	65
Chinese languages	85	40	45	120	55	65
Cantonese	45	25	25	55	30	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	20	40	15	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	65	30	35	95	40	55
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	5	15	35	15	20
Hungarian	45	25	20	60	25	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	170	80	85	280	135	150
English and French	40	15	20	75	30	45
English and non-official language	120	60	60	205	105	100
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	17,400	8,535	8,865	30,690	15,395	15,290
Single responses	17,120	8,400	8,720	30,235	15,180	15,060
Official languages	16,700	8,205	8,495	29,655	14,905	14,745
English	16,665	8,185	8,475	29,565	14,870	14,695
French	35	15	20	85	40	50
Non-official languages	420	200	225	580	270	310
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	30	20	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	10	10	5	20	15	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	15	10	5	20	15	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	405	190	220	550	255	295
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	10	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	25	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	25	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	285	135	150	380	175	205
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	70	30	40
Baltic languages	0	5	0	0	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	45	20	25	65	25	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	25	10	10	20	10	10
Czech	5	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	0	5	0
Russian	0	5	0	10	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	15	5	5
Ukrainian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	15	75	35	40
Afrikaans	5	0	5	25	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	5	5	0	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	5	35	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	5	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	175	90	85	185	95	90
Indo-Aryan languages	170	90	85	185	90	90
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	165	80	80	175	90	90
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	5	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	10	25	50	15	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	20	35	15	25
Portuguese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	5	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	25	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	10	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	30	70	30	35
Chinese languages	50	25	30	70	30	35
Cantonese	30	15	15	30	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	25	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	10	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	10	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	5	0	5
Hungarian	5	5	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	280	135	145	455	220	235
English and French	15	10	10	50	25	30
English and non-official language	265	125	135	395	185	205
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	17,405	8,535	8,865	30,690	15,400	15,290
None	16,520	8,140	8,380	29,220	14,730	14,485
English	195	95	100	305	150	160
French	150	65	90	260	105	150
Non-official language	525	230	290	885	405	480
Aboriginal	90	40	50	190	85	100
Non-Aboriginal	430	190	245	695	315	385
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	5	5	5	0
French and non-official language	5	5	5	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,645	7,160	7,485	25,540	12,740	12,795
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,085	6,910	7,175	24,665	12,335	12,330
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,599	36,064	23,033	29,654	36,099	24,430
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,105	6,925	7,175	24,690	12,360	12,330
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,324	32,320	22,138	27,112	32,234	23,119
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,840	5,985	5,855	21,370	10,940	10,430
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,498	31,450	18,752	25,690	31,612	20,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,375	5,270	6,105	19,440	9,240	10,200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,415	11,139	9,508	8,641	9,481	8,094
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,395	5,030	4,370	17,360	9,235	8,125
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,622	28,324	20,085	24,511	28,608	21,805
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	14,645	7,165	7,485	25,540	12,710	12,830
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,035	6,930	7,105	24,595	12,320	12,280
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,045	43,660	28,616	37,269	44,164	30,351
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,040	6,940	7,100	24,625	12,350	12,275
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,388	36,978	25,928	32,282	37,282	27,254
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,815	6,055	5,760	21,285	10,965	10,320
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,315	41,351	24,875	34,659	41,711	27,167
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,385	5,255	6,125	19,530	9,270	10,260
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,867	9,961	9,787	9,162	9,352	8,990
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,395	5,115	4,280	17,360	9,335	8,025
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,275	37,824	25,633	33,138	38,105	27,361
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	14,645	7,165	7,485	25,540	12,715	12,825
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,040	1,720	1,325	5,720	3,205	2,520
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,302	57,442	38,829	46,931	55,264	39,799
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,706	61,881	43,065	52,312	58,588	44,338
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.4	81.7	71.0	80.3	83.7	75.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.7	63.7	54.1	62.6	65.4	58.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.6	18.3	28.9	19.6	16.3	24.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	14,645	7,165	7,485	25,540	12,740	12,800
Without total income	560	250	310	880	410	475
With total income	14,085	6,915	7,170	24,665	12,335	12,325
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.5	95.8	96.6	96.8	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,905	750	1,150	3,470	1,465	2,005
$10,000 to $19,999	3,165	1,255	1,910	5,045	2,040	3,010
$20,000 to $29,999	2,260	885	1,380	3,940	1,620	2,315
$30,000 to $39,999	1,920	900	1,020	3,395	1,625	1,775
$40,000 to $49,999	1,455	765	690	2,555	1,340	1,215
$50,000 to $59,999	1,030	600	435	1,805	1,025	785
$60,000 to $69,999	705	495	215	1,305	880	420
$70,000 to $79,999	505	360	150	935	640	290
$80,000 to $89,999	350	260	90	665	470	195
$90,000 to $99,999	255	195	60	475	350	120
$100,000 and over	535	465	70	1,080	885	195
$100,000 to $149,999	460	400	60	870	715	155
$150,000 and over	75	60	15	210	170	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	14,645	7,165	7,485	25,540	12,740	12,795
Without after-tax income	545	235	310	850	385	465
With after-tax income	14,105	6,930	7,175	24,690	12,360	12,330
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.7	95.9	96.7	97.0	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,970	785	1,185	3,600	1,545	2,060
$10,000 to $19,999	3,330	1,335	1,985	5,315	2,175	3,140
$20,000 to $29,999	2,635	1,075	1,560	4,650	2,000	2,650
$30,000 to $39,999	2,160	1,065	1,095	3,790	1,885	1,910
$40,000 to $49,999	1,515	845	670	2,600	1,420	1,180
$50,000 to $59,999	900	600	305	1,675	1,085	580
$60,000 to $69,999	620	450	175	1,170	805	360
$70,000 to $79,999	410	305	100	775	565	210
$80,000 and over	560	465	90	1,110	880	230
$80,000 to $89,999	270	220	50	480	365	110
$90,000 to $99,999	120	110	15	235	195	40
$100,000 and over	170	145	30	395	320	75
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	14,645	7,160	7,485	25,540	12,745	12,800
Without employment income	5,255	2,140	3,115	8,180	3,505	4,670
With employment income	9,395	5,030	4,370	17,360	9,235	8,130
Percentage with employment income	64.2	70.3	58.4	68.0	72.5	63.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,210	1,230	980	3,710	2,040	1,670
$5,000 to $9,999	845	380	460	1,510	690	820
$10,000 to $19,999	1,275	540	735	2,480	1,110	1,375
$20,000 to $29,999	1,060	435	620	2,140	900	1,240
$30,000 to $39,999	980	390	590	1,855	780	1,070
$40,000 to $49,999	735	370	365	1,410	705	705
$50,000 to $59,999	605	370	235	1,075	615	460
$60,000 to $69,999	465	325	135	855	585	270
$70,000 to $79,999	375	280	95	690	500	185
$80,000 and over	850	710	145	1,635	1,305	335
$80,000 to $89,999	270	200	70	515	360	155
$90,000 to $99,999	200	160	40	345	270	75
$100,000 and over	390	345	40	780	670	110
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,120	...	...	13,650	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	50,823	...	...	55,278	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,957	...	...	49,679	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,850	...	...	4,385	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,176	...	...	29,545	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,091	...	...	26,823	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,265	...	...	9,270	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,317	...	...	72,230	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,224	...	...	64,332	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,115	...	...	13,655	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,312	...	...	67,134	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,291	...	...	58,222	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,850	...	...	4,395	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,490	...	...	37,699	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,840	...	...	32,722	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,265	...	...	9,255	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,313	...	...	81,108	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,465	...	...	70,328	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,115	...	...	13,655	...	...
Under $5,000	110	...	...	230	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	145	...	...	235	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	475	...	...	660	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	490	...	...	745	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	515	...	...	775	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	410	...	...	630	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	500	...	...	765	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	505	...	...	790	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	425	...	...	695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	415	...	...	660	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	705	...	...	1,175	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	570	...	...	1,025	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	600	...	...	965	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	440	...	...	785	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	385	...	...	670	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,425	...	...	2,845	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	645	...	...	1,230	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	385	...	...	740	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	295	...	...	615	...	...
$200,000 and over	95	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	245	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	150	...	...	245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	480	...	...	670	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	505	...	...	760	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	565	...	...	865	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	525	...	...	800	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	575	...	...	890	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	555	...	...	890	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	495	...	...	780	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	435	...	...	735	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	745	...	...	1,285	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	700	...	...	1,170	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	575	...	...	995	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	430	...	...	780	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	330	...	...	635	...	...
$100,000 and over	930	...	...	1,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	550	...	...	1,070	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	215	...	...	455	...	...
$150,000 and over	160	...	...	395	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,010	...	...	8,795	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,648	...	...	72,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,416	...	...	64,043	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,375	...	...	4,250	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,710	...	...	70,292	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,440	...	...	62,496	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,540	...	...	2,860	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,376	...	...	94,424	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,376	...	...	83,072	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	975	...	...	1,445	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,208	...	...	39,654	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	36,715	...	...	37,923	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,020	...	...	8,830	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	80,463	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,400	...	...	69,658	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,380	...	...	4,290	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,623	...	...	80,079	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,758	...	...	68,860	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,530	...	...	2,820	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,438	...	...	99,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,203	...	...	85,925	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	975	...	...	1,465	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,728	...	...	47,688	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,294	...	...	43,063	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,650	1,810	1,840	5,930	3,100	2,830
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,175	26,880	24,261	26,624	28,747	25,180
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,813	25,253	23,302	24,966	26,334	23,856
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,630	1,825	1,805	5,885	3,115	2,775
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,776	37,494	30,024	35,010	36,967	32,814
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,623	32,280	26,942	30,549	31,883	29,053
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	17,320	8,490	8,835	30,260	15,135	15,125
In the bottom half of the distribution	11,060	5,230	5,830	18,585	9,095	9,490
In the bottom decile	2,990	1,420	1,570	4,815	2,385	2,435
In the second decile	2,390	1,075	1,310	3,875	1,800	2,070
In the third decile	2,070	965	1,105	3,560	1,720	1,835
In the fourth decile	1,830	865	960	3,210	1,570	1,640
In the fifth decile	1,780	905	875	3,120	1,615	1,505
In the top half of the distribution	6,260	3,260	3,005	11,680	6,040	5,640
In the sixth decile	1,770	900	870	3,015	1,535	1,485
In the seventh decile	1,520	775	740	2,725	1,385	1,345
In the eighth decile	1,240	650	595	2,390	1,240	1,150
In the ninth decile	1,215	645	570	2,300	1,200	1,100
In the top decile	510	280	225	1,240	680	560
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	17,320	8,490	8,830	28,275	14,095	14,180
0 to 17 years	3,265	1,605	1,660	5,085	2,550	2,535
0 to 5 years	1,015	485	530	1,595	810	790
18 to 64 years	10,045	4,955	5,090	16,965	8,425	8,535
65 years and over	4,015	1,930	2,085	6,230	3,120	3,110
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,070	1,875	2,195	5,555	2,640	2,920
0 to 17 years	1,100	540	555	1,425	710	715
0 to 5 years	395	190	205	510	255	260
18 to 64 years	2,335	1,095	1,245	3,265	1,575	1,690
65 years and over	635	245	395	865	355	510
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.5	22.1	24.9	19.6	18.7	20.6
0 to 17 years (%)	33.7	33.6	33.4	28.0	27.8	28.2
0 to 5 years (%)	38.9	39.2	38.7	32.0	31.5	32.9
18 to 64 years (%)	23.2	22.1	24.5	19.2	18.7	19.8
65 years and over (%)	15.8	12.7	18.9	13.9	11.4	16.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,930	970	960	2,605	1,340	1,265
0 to 17 years	450	220	230	580	285	295
0 to 5 years	160	80	80	205	105	100
18 to 64 years	1,400	715	685	1,900	995	905
65 years and over	75	35	45	120	55	70
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.1	11.4	10.9	9.2	9.5	8.9
0 to 17 years (%)	13.8	13.7	13.9	11.4	11.2	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	15.8	16.5	15.1	12.9	13.0	12.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.9	14.4	13.5	11.2	11.8	10.6
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.8	2.2	1.9	1.8	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	17,320	8,490	8,830	30,265	15,140	15,125
Official languages	17,245	8,470	8,775	30,150	15,105	15,045
English	17,245	8,470	8,775	30,155	15,100	15,045
French	905	385	520	1,710	755	960
Non-official languages	1,880	895	985	3,260	1,575	1,685
Aboriginal languages	140	65	75	410	195	215
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	10	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	10	0	10	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	125	55	70	365	170	190
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	120	55	70	365	170	195
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,740	825	910	2,865	1,380	1,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	15	35	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	15	35	20	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	25	20	55	30	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	15	50	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	125	40	80
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	20	110	35	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,340	635	710	2,240	1,095	1,145
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	185	65	120	350	125	225
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	185	65	120	350	130	225
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	80	25	50	120	40	80
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	30	10	20
Russian	10	10	10	55	20	35
Serbian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	10	0	10	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	50	25	25
Ukrainian	50	20	35	65	30	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	450	200	245	905	460	445
Afrikaans	0	0	0	40	15	20
Danish	15	0	15	60	25	35
Dutch	165	60	110	310	150	160
Frisian	15	10	10	15	10	10
German	260	140	125	490	265	225
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	25	20	10
Swedish	15	0	10	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	0	10	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	395	205	190	440	235	210
Indo-Aryan languages	395	205	190	445	230	210
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	45	25	25	55	30	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	370	200	175	415	220	195
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	10	0	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	335	170	165	575	295	285
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	170	80	90	230	120	110
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	160	85	75	335	165	170
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15	55	20	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	25	50	20	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	10	0	10	10	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	60	30	30	80	40	40
American Sign Language	40	25	15	50	30	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	35	15	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	60	60	145	70	75
Chinese languages	120	65	55	145	70	75
Cantonese	45	20	20	60	25	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	35	35	75	40	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	10	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	15	45	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	10	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	40	40	115	60	55
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	0	40	30	10
Hungarian	65	30	35	75	30	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	17,320	8,490	8,830	30,260	15,140	15,125
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	16,960	8,325	8,640	29,515	14,795	14,715
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,285	1,620	1,665	5,640	2,860	2,785
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,675	6,700	6,975	23,870	11,940	11,935
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	360	165	190	755	340	410
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	17,320	8,490	8,830	30,260	15,135	15,125
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	15,535	7,645	7,890	27,195	13,685	13,510
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,725	820	905	2,935	1,395	1,535
Before 1981	1,230	620	615	1,935	1,000	930
1981 to 1990	125	35	90	285	90	195
1991 to 2000	100	35	65	205	65	140
2001 to 2010	180	80	90	305	130	180
2001 to 2005	85	45	40	140	60	80
2006 to 2010	95	40	55	165	65	100
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	90	45	45	210	110	95
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	55	25	35	135	60	80
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,725	820	905	2,930	1,395	1,535
Under 5 years	250	155	95	420	265	155
5 to 14 years	330	165	160	565	280	285
15 to 24 years	560	255	310	820	370	450
25 to 44 years	525	210	320	985	410	575
45 years and over	60	35	25	150	70	75
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,725	820	910	2,930	1,395	1,535
Americas	190	90	95	450	185	270
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	15	25	0	25
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	20	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	145	75	65	350	150	195
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	35	20	15
Europe	1,030	510	520	1,760	920	840
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	15	0	10
Croatia	60	15	45	65	20	45
France	15	10	0	25	10	10
Germany	165	95	70	290	155	140
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	10
Hungary	40	20	25	50	20	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	20	20	0
Italy	95	45	50	115	55	60
Netherlands	180	80	100	285	155	125
Poland	15	0	15	35	10	25
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	365	210	155	600	330	275
Other places of birth in Europe	65	35	35	215	125	90
Africa	45	15	25	85	35	50
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	10	15	30	0	15
Ethiopia	0	0	10	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	40	20	20
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	15	10	10
Asia	425	185	235	565	235	330
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	50	15	35	55	15	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	0	15	15	0
India	205	90	115	235	105	135
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	10	0	15	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	15	20	40	15	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	10	0	10
Philippines	40	15	25	100	30	70
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	0	20	15	10
Viet Nam	25	15	15	55	25	25
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	25	15	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	40	10	30	70	25	50
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	95	45	45	205	110	95
Americas	20	0	10	45	30	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	10	35	25	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	10	60	40	25
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	25	20	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	15	10
Africa	15	10	10	25	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	10	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	45	20	25	65	25	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	10	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	10	30	10	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	17,320	8,490	8,830	30,260	15,140	15,125
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,860	895	965	3,195	1,510	1,675
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,080	1,550	1,530	5,400	2,810	2,595
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	12,385	6,050	6,330	21,670	10,815	10,850
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	520	215	305	1,035	415	615
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	210	105	100	425	215	210
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	90	60	35	205	140	65
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	115	50	65	215	75	140
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	300	100	205	565	180	390
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	10	35	15	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	17,320	8,490	8,830	30,260	15,135	15,125
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,030	1,425	1,605	6,035	2,895	3,140
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,940	1,400	1,545	5,910	2,860	3,045
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,215	1,015	1,205	4,760	2,290	2,470
Métis	705	380	325	1,125	565	565
Inuk (Inuit)	20	0	15	25	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	30	10	20	60	10	45
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	50	10	35	70	20	45
Non-Aboriginal identity	14,295	7,070	7,230	24,230	12,245	11,985
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	17,320	8,490	8,830	30,260	15,135	15,125
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,940	905	1,040	4,475	2,180	2,290
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,380	7,585	7,790	25,790	12,955	12,835
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	17,320	8,490	8,835	30,265	15,140	15,125
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,075	530	550	3,125	1,590	1,535
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,070	530	540	3,115	1,590	1,520
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	965	475	485	2,960	1,525	1,435
Métis single ancestry	90	50	45	125	55	75
Inuit single ancestry	20	0	15	25	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,625	740	885	2,665	1,175	1,485
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,545	710	835	2,540	1,140	1,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,155	520	635	1,820	790	1,025
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	390	190	200	720	350	370
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	35	40	120	35	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	35	45	125	40	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	14,620	7,220	7,400	24,470	12,365	12,105
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	17,320	8,490	8,830	30,265	15,140	15,125
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,000	485	515	1,485	690	790
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	495	230	265	570	265	305
Chinese	215	115	95	265	145	125
Black	55	10	40	90	20	70
Filipino	60	30	35	155	55	105
Latin American	20	10	15	40	0	35
Arab	25	15	0	30	20	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	30	15	15	60	30	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	20	45	20	25
Japanese	30	20	15	135	70	65
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	40	20	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	20	0	55	40	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	16,320	8,010	8,315	28,775	14,445	14,330
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	17,320	8,490	8,830	30,260	15,135	15,125
North American Aboriginal origins	2,700	1,275	1,430	5,790	2,770	3,025
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,200	1,025	1,175	4,915	2,360	2,560
Inuit	25	10	15	35	10	25
Métis	560	270	290	975	445	530
Other North American origins	5,260	2,535	2,725	8,455	4,165	4,290
Acadian	0	0	0	15	0	10
American	305	140	160	595	275	325
Canadian	5,020	2,415	2,605	8,015	3,955	4,060
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	20	10	45	30	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	30	10	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	10	0
European origins	12,995	6,350	6,640	22,015	10,980	11,030
British Isles origins	8,920	4,320	4,595	15,130	7,505	7,625
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	5,695	2,775	2,920	9,520	4,670	4,845
Irish	3,130	1,410	1,720	5,220	2,425	2,795
Manx	20	10	10	30	15	15
Scottish	4,050	1,890	2,160	7,035	3,440	3,600
Welsh	580	235	340	865	370	490
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	470	225	245	790	365	425
French origins	2,300	975	1,325	3,805	1,630	2,180
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,305	980	1,325	3,805	1,630	2,175
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,745	1,825	1,915	6,465	3,185	3,280
Austrian	205	90	120	395	170	225
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	95	60	35	205	130	80
Dutch	1,195	595	595	2,035	1,045	995
Flemish	10	0	0	15	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	0
German	2,440	1,165	1,275	4,200	1,990	2,210
Luxembourger	0	0	0	20	0	15
Swiss	95	65	25	175	120	60
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,850	845	1,010	3,110	1,450	1,665
Danish	355	160	200	580	270	305
Finnish	195	110	90	330	195	140
Icelandic	145	75	70	215	115	95
Norwegian	805	330	480	1,350	570	780
Swedish	455	205	250	780	355	430
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	55	35	20	130	55	75
Eastern European origins	1,935	925	1,010	3,245	1,620	1,630
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	50	30	15	120	50	65
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	40	15	25	60	30	25
Estonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hungarian	275	145	130	445	230	215
Latvian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	10	10	0	25	15	15
Moldovan	25	15	10	25	15	10
Polish	350	160	190	640	320	320
Romanian	80	35	50	135	70	65
Russian	350	140	215	645	295	350
Slovak	15	10	10	30	10	15
Ukrainian	965	470	495	1,470	735	735
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	10	0	20	10	0
Southern European origins	1,225	565	660	1,990	960	1,025
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	145	55	95	265	110	155
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	75	35	30	90	45	40
Italian	690	340	355	1,105	550	560
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	25	10	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	30	25	75	35	35
Serbian	15	0	15	55	25	30
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	20	15	80	40	35
Spanish	175	65	105	270	120	150
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	40	20	20	80	45	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	75	30	45	155	65	95
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	40	15	25	55	25	40
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	15	20	95	45	55
Caribbean origins	65	30	40	105	45	60
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	10	10	0	10
Jamaican	45	20	20	80	30	45
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	65	35	30	150	55	95
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	15	0	25	15	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	25	0	20
Mexican	35	10	25	65	20	45
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	10	0	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	135	75	65	215	100	110
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	40	20	20	40	20	20
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	20	10	30	20	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	10	10	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	40	25	15	80	30	40
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	35	15	15	70	30	40
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	60	30	30	95	45	50
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	60	35	30	95	45	50
Asian origins	995	495	500	1,480	730	755
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	65	35	30	105	60	40
Afghan	10	10	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	20	15	0	20	15	10
Armenian	0	10	0	15	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	15	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	15	20	0	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	520	250	275	640	320	320
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	495	230	265	610	300	310
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	10	20	0	10
Punjabi	35	25	10	40	30	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	420	220	200	740	345	395
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	255	140	115	320	170	150
Filipino	80	35	45	180	55	125
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	35	20	10	155	75	80
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	20	50	20	25
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	50	25	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania origins	80	40	40	235	125	110
Australian	65	35	35	175	100	75
New Zealander	10	0	0	30	15	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	50	15	35
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	20	10	10
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
Owner	5,530	...	...	9,830	...	...
Renter	2,590	...	...	3,810	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,115	...	...	13,655	...	...
Condominium	335	...	...	480	...	...
Not condominium	7,780	...	...	13,175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
No bedrooms	70	...	...	75	...	...
1 bedroom	960	...	...	1,430	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,035	...	...	3,420	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,785	...	...	4,790	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,270	...	...	3,940	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,920	...	...	3,075	...	...
5 rooms	1,295	...	...	2,195	...	...
6 rooms	1,330	...	...	2,340	...	...
7 rooms	1,005	...	...	1,710	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,565	...	...	4,340	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,045	...	...	13,485	...	...
More than 1 person per room	75	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
Suitable	7,860	...	...	13,175	...	...
Not suitable	260	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,120	...	...	13,650	...	...
1960 or before	3,335	...	...	4,235	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,975	...	...	4,890	...	...
1981 to 1990	565	...	...	1,390	...	...
1991 to 2000	670	...	...	1,505	...	...
2001 to 2005	125	...	...	405	...	...
2006 to 2010	265	...	...	760	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	180	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,410	...	...	12,270	...	...
Major repairs needed	705	...	...	1,390	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
1 household maintainer	5,375	...	...	8,545	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,610	...	...	4,795	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	140	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,120	...	...	13,655	...	...
15 to 24 years	255	...	...	375	...	...
25 to 34 years	840	...	...	1,535	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,000	...	...	1,880	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,385	...	...	2,395	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,840	...	...	3,120	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,555	...	...	2,525	...	...
75 to 84 years	895	...	...	1,355	...	...
85 years and over	345	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,120	...	...	12,940	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,005	...	...	9,800	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,110	...	...	3,140	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,880	...	...	2,745	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,525	...	...	9,300	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.6	...	...	54.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.6	...	...	15.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	734	...	...	762	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	867	...	...	947	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,937	...	...	250,381	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	233,739	...	...	316,602	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,595	...	...	3,645	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.6	...	...	14.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	52.5	...	...	47.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	749	...	...	769	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	789	...	...	817	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	14,650	7,165	7,485	25,545	12,715	12,825
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,830	1,875	1,950	6,160	3,170	2,990
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,380	2,110	2,270	7,455	3,620	3,835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,440	3,175	3,260	11,930	5,925	6,005
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,930	1,525	405	3,605	2,775	835
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	790	530	255	1,550	1,010	540
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,140	995	145	2,060	1,760	295
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,915	1,000	1,915	5,005	1,810	3,195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	420	155	265	770	315	460
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,175	495	680	2,545	1,025	1,520
Bachelor's degree	785	315	470	1,645	620	1,025
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100	35	60	190	75	115
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	20	0	100	70	25
Master's degree	245	95	145	540	215	320
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	20	10	75	50	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,750	4,185	4,570	15,950	7,810	8,140
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,700	885	815	2,875	1,610	1,275
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,500	1,170	1,335	4,540	2,130	2,400
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,550	2,125	2,425	8,530	4,070	4,465
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,210	955	255	2,325	1,795	530
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	525	370	155	1,045	695	355
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	685	590	100	1,275	1,095	180
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,190	740	1,450	3,800	1,350	2,445
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	305	110	195	560	235	330
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	845	325	525	1,850	690	1,160
Bachelor's degree	560	205	355	1,210	430	775
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	20	45	145	45	95
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	10	0	45	25	20
Master's degree	190	70	115	410	155	255
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	10	10	40	30	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	14,645	7,165	7,480	25,540	12,715	12,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,205	3,985	4,225	13,615	6,790	6,825
Education	420	110	310	785	215	570
13. Education	415	110	305	780	210	570
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	175	85	95	365	160	200
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	20	15	70	45	25
50. Visual and performing arts	140	60	80	290	115	180
Humanities	140	70	65	330	135	195
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	15	10	50	20	30
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	50	15	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	0	25	105	25	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	0	55	35	20
54. History	30	25	10	55	35	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	525	110	415	1,015	235	780
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25	65	30	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	250	30	220	380	45	335
22. Legal professions and studies	70	10	60	135	20	115
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	15	0	10
42. Psychology	70	30	35	170	45	125
45. Social sciences	95	35	65	235	85	145
Business, management and public administration	1,060	280	785	1,825	515	1,305
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	150	30	120	220	45	175
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	910	245	670	1,600	470	1,130
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	70	45	295	160	135
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	30	10	130	70	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	40	25	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	10	0
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10	75	45	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	15	45	25	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	65	25	165	115	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	70	25	135	95	40
25. Library science	0	0	0	15	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,755	1,690	65	3,110	2,970	145
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	25	20	0
14. Engineering	80	70	0	145	130	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	220	205	20	365	325	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	545	535	15	980	950	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	570	555	20	1,035	995	40
48. Precision production	330	325	10	560	545	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	230	180	50	505	375	130
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	80	55	25	195	125	75
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	125	25	310	250	60
Health and related fields	1,250	225	1,025	2,255	405	1,850
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	50	35	15	140	70	75
51. Health professions and related programs	1,200	190	1,010	2,090	330	1,760
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	30	15	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	680	285	395	1,285	640	645
12. Personal and culinary services	430	100	335	760	220	540
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	55	35	20	90	55	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	190	155	35	435	365	70
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,750	4,180	4,570	15,945	7,810	8,140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,205	2,055	2,145	7,415	3,745	3,670
Education	300	75	225	535	125	410
13. Education	305	80	225	530	125	410
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	50	75	275	110	160
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	15	45	25	25
50. Visual and performing arts	105	40	60	220	85	140
Humanities	60	25	35	180	75	110
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	10	10	35	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	25	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	15	75	20	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	25	15	10
54. History	0	0	0	20	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	375	70	305	745	170	575
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	15	35	15	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	165	20	145	260	35	230
22. Legal professions and studies	60	10	55	110	10	100
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	15	0	10
42. Psychology	40	15	20	120	25	95
45. Social sciences	80	25	55	180	75	105
Business, management and public administration	765	195	570	1,390	395	995
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	20	110	195	40	160
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	625	165	460	1,190	355	840
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	55	25	205	110	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	30	10	100	55	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	25	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	10	50	30	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	30	15	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	65	20	135	100	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	60	15	115	90	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	15	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,120	1,065	50	2,000	1,900	100
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	25	20	0
14. Engineering	55	55	0	100	95	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	155	140	15	250	225	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	370	355	15	660	630	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	340	330	10	625	605	15
48. Precision production	190	185	10	345	325	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	115	30	370	270	100
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	35	15	135	80	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	85	20	235	190	50
Health and related fields	960	160	805	1,700	295	1,405
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	25	10	115	55	55
51. Health professions and related programs	925	135	790	1,570	230	1,335
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	530	250	285	995	515	480
12. Personal and culinary services	320	80	240	565	170	395
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	50	30	20	80	50	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	140	25	350	295	55
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	14,645	7,160	7,485	25,540	12,715	12,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,210	3,985	4,225	13,615	6,790	6,820
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,435	3,175	3,265	11,925	5,925	6,005
Location of study inside Canada	6,010	2,965	3,045	10,915	5,425	5,490
Same as province or territory of residence	5,015	2,405	2,610	8,810	4,300	4,510
Different than province or territory of residence	1,000	560	435	2,105	1,130	980
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	430	210	215	1,010	500	515
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	95	40	55	285	130	155
Philippines	30	15	20	55	20	35
India	35	15	20	50	25	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	85	50	30	170	100	75
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	10	20	10	10
France	0	0	10	15	10	10
Other	165	75	85	415	205	210
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,755	4,180	4,570	15,950	7,810	8,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,200	2,055	2,145	7,415	3,745	3,670
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,555	2,130	2,420	8,535	4,070	4,465
Location of study inside Canada	4,310	2,010	2,290	7,905	3,780	4,120
Same as province or territory of residence	3,700	1,670	2,030	6,525	3,045	3,480
Different than province or territory of residence	610	345	265	1,380	735	645
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	245	115	130	625	285	345
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	75	30	50	200	90	105
Philippines	30	10	15	45	15	30
India	35	10	15	45	20	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	25	10	90	55	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	10	15	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	60	25	35	225	95	130
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	14,645	7,165	7,485	25,540	12,715	12,830
In the labour force	7,645	4,010	3,640	14,605	7,720	6,880
Employed	6,860	3,545	3,320	13,155	6,830	6,325
Unemployed	785	465	320	1,445	890	550
Not in the labour force	6,995	3,155	3,840	10,940	4,990	5,950
Participation rate	52.2	56.0	48.6	57.2	60.7	53.6
Employment rate	46.8	49.5	44.4	51.5	53.7	49.3
Unemployment rate	10.3	11.6	8.8	9.9	11.5	8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	14,650	7,165	7,485	25,540	12,710	12,830
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	6,590	2,910	3,685	10,175	4,630	5,545
Worked	8,060	4,255	3,805	15,360	8,085	7,280
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,165	1,785	1,380	6,010	3,340	2,665
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,895	2,475	2,420	9,355	4,740	4,615
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.0	39.7	40.4	40.1	39.8	40.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	7,645	4,010	3,640	14,600	7,720	6,880
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	95	95	320	175	140
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	7,455	3,910	3,545	14,280	7,540	6,740
Employee	6,570	3,385	3,180	12,245	6,320	5,925
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	885	525	355	2,040	1,220	815
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	7,650	4,010	3,640	14,600	7,720	6,880
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	95	95	315	180	140
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	7,450	3,910	3,545	14,280	7,540	6,735
0 Management occupations	640	345	295	1,445	775	670
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	790	205	590	1,455	305	1,145
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	215	180	30	485	395	90
3 Health occupations	590	130	455	1,000	210	785
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	925	200	725	1,575	350	1,225
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	200	100	95	405	200	205
6 Sales and service occupations	1,885	705	1,175	3,625	1,400	2,225
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,395	1,330	65	2,635	2,470	165
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	380	345	35	920	810	115
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	430	370	65	745	630	110
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	7,650	4,010	3,640	14,600	7,720	6,880
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	100	100	320	175	140
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	7,455	3,910	3,540	14,280	7,545	6,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	475	400	75	1,100	905	195
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	65	0	125	115	15
22 Utilities	10	15	0	50	45	0
23 Construction	525	490	30	1,110	1,025	90
31-33 Manufacturing	740	665	75	1,205	1,055	155
41 Wholesale trade	125	95	25	205	145	60
44-45 Retail trade	1,100	475	630	1,755	765	985
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	265	230	35	650	505	145
51 Information and cultural industries	115	75	40	160	100	60
52 Finance and insurance	190	55	135	300	75	220
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	100	65	40	165	80	80
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	275	105	165	545	230	315
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	255	140	110	580	310	270
61 Educational services	465	135	330	885	240	645
62 Health care and social assistance	1,165	190	975	1,845	300	1,545
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	145	95	50	375	230	145
72 Accommodation and food services	715	265	450	1,745	715	1,030
81 Other services (except public administration)	420	195	220	740	325	420
91 Public administration	310	165	145	735	385	345
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	6,865	3,545	3,320	13,155	6,830	6,325
Worked at home	430	205	225	1,030	490	545
Worked outside Canada	10	0	10	30	10	15
No fixed workplace address	1,040	835	205	2,220	1,745	475
Worked at usual place	5,380	2,500	2,885	9,865	4,580	5,285
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	5,385	2,500	2,885	9,870	4,580	5,290
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,395	1,870	2,520	6,050	2,620	3,430
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	495	280	215	2,975	1,395	1,585
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	440	305	140	740	485	250
Commute to a different province or territory	55	45	15	105	80	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	6,425	3,335	3,090	12,090	6,330	5,765
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,180	2,650	2,535	9,380	4,870	4,515
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	470	255	205	820	460	360
Public transit	145	85	55	230	130	100
Walked	380	175	205	1,025	460	560
Bicycle	70	50	25	215	105	105
Other method	180	120	60	425	305	120
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	6,425	3,335	3,090	12,095	6,325	5,765
Less than 15 minutes	4,375	1,980	2,400	7,475	3,480	3,995
15 to 29 minutes	990	565	430	2,470	1,345	1,120
30 to 44 minutes	320	225	95	840	560	280
45 to 59 minutes	165	105	60	350	210	130
60 minutes and over	570	460	110	965	730	235
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	6,425	3,335	3,090	12,090	6,330	5,760
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	560	485	75	940	810	135
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	895	610	290	1,720	1,175	550
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,440	765	680	2,890	1,625	1,265
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,435	525	905	2,915	1,085	1,825
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	845	285	565	1,615	560	1,060
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,245	670	580	2,010	1,075	940
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	8,380	4,415	3,970	15,900	8,370	7,525
Single responses	8,365	4,405	3,960	15,835	8,340	7,500
Official languages	8,335	4,390	3,950	15,795	8,320	7,475
English	8,310	4,380	3,930	15,760	8,310	7,450
French	30	10	25	30	0	30
Non-official languages	25	15	10	40	15	30
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	10	0	10	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	35	10	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	15	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	10	10	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	10
American Sign Language	10	0	10	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	10	10	0	10	10	10
Cantonese	10	10	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	65	30	30
English and French	10	0	0	25	20	10
English and non-official language	15	0	10	30	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	8,380	4,415	3,965	15,895	8,370	7,525
None	8,235	4,340	3,895	15,605	8,250	7,355
English	35	15	25	40	15	30
French	50	20	30	140	55	85
Non-official language	55	40	20	110	50	55
Aboriginal	15	0	15	50	0	45
Non-Aboriginal	40	35	10	55	50	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	17,170	8,430	8,740	29,990	15,015	14,970
Non-movers	14,280	7,015	7,265	25,330	12,720	12,605
Movers	2,890	1,410	1,475	4,660	2,295	2,365
Non-migrants	1,995	965	1,030	2,910	1,455	1,460
Migrants	890	450	445	1,750	840	910
Internal migrants	840	415	425	1,620	770	845
Intraprovincial migrants	635	300	340	1,210	550	665
Interprovincial migrants	205	115	85	405	225	185
External migrants	55	30	20	130	70	60
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	16,490	8,095	8,395	28,735	14,390	14,345
Non-movers	9,835	4,840	5,000	17,760	8,920	8,840
Movers	6,650	3,260	3,400	10,980	5,475	5,505
Non-migrants	4,280	2,090	2,190	6,480	3,250	3,230
Migrants	2,375	1,165	1,205	4,495	2,220	2,275
Internal migrants	2,260	1,115	1,145	4,245	2,095	2,150
Intraprovincial migrants	1,820	855	965	3,380	1,600	1,785
Interprovincial migrants	440	260	180	865	495	365
External migrants	115	50	60	255	125	130

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Port Alberni, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Alberni-Clayoquot, RD [Census division], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Port Alberni, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Alberni-Clayoquot, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Port Alberni, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Alberni-Clayoquot, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Port Alberni, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Alberni-Clayoquot, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia