Census Profile, 2016 Census
Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Antigonish, County [Census division], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Strathcona, RD British Columbia [Census division]			Antigonish, CTY Nova Scotia [Census division]
	Data quality , Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Antigonish, County [Census division], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	44,671	...	...	19,301	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	43,252	...	...	19,589	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	-1.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	21,681	...	...	9,842	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	19,610	...	...	8,129	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.4	...	...	13.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	18,278.06	...	...	1,457.99	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	44,670	22,260	22,415	19,300	9,325	9,975
0 to 14 years	6,715	3,490	3,230	3,085	1,595	1,490
0 to 4 years	2,040	1,095	945	945	495	450
5 to 9 years	2,380	1,195	1,180	1,070	560	515
10 to 14 years	2,290	1,195	1,105	1,070	550	525
15 to 64 years	28,225	13,885	14,335	12,235	5,905	6,335
15 to 19 years	2,345	1,225	1,125	1,155	555	600
20 to 24 years	2,070	1,050	1,020	1,290	625	670
25 to 29 years	2,185	1,115	1,065	895	450	440
30 to 34 years	2,345	1,145	1,195	1,010	485	530
35 to 39 years	2,455	1,230	1,220	1,045	505	540
40 to 44 years	2,480	1,165	1,310	1,120	525	600
45 to 49 years	2,730	1,335	1,395	1,215	600	620
50 to 54 years	3,445	1,650	1,795	1,415	670	750
55 to 59 years	4,120	1,995	2,125	1,540	745	795
60 to 64 years	4,065	1,975	2,090	1,545	750	795
65 years and over	9,735	4,880	4,850	3,980	1,825	2,155
65 to 69 years	3,785	1,960	1,830	1,450	715	735
70 to 74 years	2,530	1,290	1,235	965	480	490
75 to 79 years	1,535	800	725	660	300	355
80 to 84 years	965	475	495	445	195	255
85 years and over	920	360	560	460	140	325
85 to 89 years	600	275	330	275	100	180
90 to 94 years	250	75	180	130	30	100
95 to 99 years	55	10	45	40	5	35
100 years and over	10	5	5	10	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	15.7	14.4	16.0	17.1	14.9
15 to 64 years	63.2	62.4	64.0	63.4	63.3	63.5
65 years and over	21.8	21.9	21.6	20.6	19.6	21.6
85 years and over	2.1	1.6	2.5	2.4	1.5	3.3
Average age of the population	44.6	44.1	45.1	43.1	42.1	44.0
Median age of the population	48.2	47.6	48.8	45.2	44.3	45.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
Single-detached house	13,170	...	...	5,630	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	20	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,265	...	...	1,315	...	...
Semi-detached house	900	...	...	115	...	...
Row house	1,080	...	...	75	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	815	...	...	365	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,450	...	...	760	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,165	...	...	1,160	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
1 person	5,765	...	...	2,415	...	...
2 persons	8,230	...	...	2,960	...	...
3 persons	2,470	...	...	1,195	...	...
4 persons	2,105	...	...	955	...	...
5 or more persons	1,045	...	...	610	...	...
Number of persons in private households	43,810	...	...	19,015	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	37,960	18,770	19,185	16,215	7,730	8,485
Married or living common law	22,990	11,510	11,480	9,295	4,640	4,655
Married	17,960	9,010	8,950	7,925	3,965	3,960
Living common law	5,035	2,505	2,530	1,370	680	695
Not married and not living common law	14,965	7,260	7,705	6,920	3,090	3,830
Never married	8,410	4,815	3,595	4,585	2,340	2,245
Separated	1,250	575	675	480	215	270
Divorced	3,065	1,345	1,725	820	340	480
Widowed	2,235	530	1,710	1,035	195	840
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	13,345	...	...	5,515	...	...
2 persons	8,410	...	...	2,970	...	...
3 persons	2,285	...	...	1,160	...	...
4 persons	1,910	...	...	885	...	...
5 or more persons	735	...	...	500	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	13,340	...	...	5,515	...	...
Total couple families	11,260	...	...	4,560	...	...
Married couples	8,745	...	...	3,875	...	...
Common-law couples	2,515	...	...	685	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,080	...	...	950	...	...
Female parent	1,575	...	...	735	...	...
Male parent	505	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	11,260	...	...	4,565	...	...
Couples without children	7,085	...	...	2,410	...	...
Couples with children	4,175	...	...	2,155	...	...
1 child	1,750	...	...	880	...	...
2 children	1,745	...	...	805	...	...
3 or more children	675	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,080	...	...	950	...	...
1 child	1,320	...	...	560	...	...
2 children	535	...	...	275	...	...
3 or more children	225	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,555	4,355	4,200	3,370	1,480	1,890
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
One-census-family households	12,790	...	...	5,335	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,870	...	...	2,350	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,920	...	...	2,985	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	275	...	...	90	...	...
Non-census-family households	6,545	...	...	2,705	...	...
One-person households	5,765	...	...	2,415	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	780	...	...	290	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	44,410	22,140	22,275	19,065	9,260	9,805
English only	41,175	20,700	20,475	16,990	8,365	8,630
French only	10	0	5	5	0	0
English and French	3,135	1,395	1,740	2,065	895	1,170
Neither English nor French	90	45	45	5	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	44,410	22,140	22,270	19,065	9,260	9,805
English	43,635	21,780	21,860	18,515	9,025	9,495
French	655	305	350	510	225	285
English and French	45	15	25	25	10	20
Neither English nor French	75	35	45	5	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	675	320	360	525	230	295
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.4	1.6	2.8	2.5	3.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	44,410	22,135	22,270	19,065	9,255	9,805
Single responses	44,080	21,975	22,100	18,930	9,190	9,740
Official languages	41,275	20,660	20,615	18,305	8,905	9,400
English	40,560	20,330	20,230	17,735	8,660	9,075
French	715	330	385	570	245	325
Non-official languages	2,800	1,310	1,485	625	285	340
Aboriginal languages	180	85	95	80	40	45
Algonquian languages	10	5	0	75	30	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	70	35	40
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	75	30	40
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	10	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Comox	5	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	45	30	20	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	105	45	55	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	55	20	30	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,620	1,230	1,395	545	250	295
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	45	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	5	45	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	5	40	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	170	75	95	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	170	75	90	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	225	70	155	55	25	25
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	5	15	5	5	0
Fijian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	165	50	120	45	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	5
Telugu	10	5	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,740	855	885	340	160	180
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	315	140	175	35	10	20
Baltic languages	10	5	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	5	5	5	0
Lithuanian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	310	135	175	25	5	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	55	25	30	5	0	0
Czech	50	25	25	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	65	25	45	5	5	10
Russian	40	15	25	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	20	35	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	5	5	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	950	485	465	200	100	105
Afrikaans	30	15	20	5	5	0
Danish	60	35	25	0	0	0
Dutch	185	95	90	120	55	60
Frisian	10	0	5	0	0	0
German	595	310	290	70	35	35
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Swedish	35	15	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	10	5	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	140	70	70	55	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages	130	65	65	45	25	25
Bengali	5	5	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	5	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	15	5	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	45	50	15	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	10	5	10
Iranian languages	10	10	5	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	320	145	170	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	95	50	40	10	10	5
Portuguese	40	15	20	5	5	0
Romanian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	165	75	95	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	70	25	45	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	35	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	5	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	75	75	60	20	40
Chinese languages	155	75	75	60	20	40
Cantonese	70	40	35	15	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	30	30	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	20	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	0	25	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	20	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	105	50	50	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	5	0	0	5
Finnish	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	335	165	170	130	70	65
English and French	90	40	45	70	35	40
English and non-official language	225	110	120	55	30	20
French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	44,410	22,135	22,270	19,060	9,260	9,805
Single responses	43,945	21,925	22,015	18,900	9,185	9,720
Official languages	43,235	21,585	21,655	18,690	9,095	9,595
English	43,060	21,500	21,555	18,535	9,015	9,515
French	175	80	95	155	75	85
Non-official languages	710	345	365	215	90	120
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	30	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	25	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	695	335	360	180	80	105
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	35	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	35	15	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	105	50	50	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	25	40	25	15	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	15	35	30	15	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	320	150	170	70	30	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	35	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	30	40	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	5	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	85	40	45	30	10	20
Afrikaans	10	5	5	5	5	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	30	25	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	40	40	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	80	40	35	5	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	30	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	45	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	5	5	0
Romanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	60	25	35	10	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	25	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	35	40	15	30
Chinese languages	80	45	35	35	10	25
Cantonese	45	25	20	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	20	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	465	210	255	160	75	85
English and French	45	25	20	35	15	20
English and non-official language	410	185	230	125	55	65
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	44,410	22,140	22,270	19,060	9,255	9,805
None	42,345	21,225	21,125	18,060	8,815	9,245
English	400	185	210	210	95	115
French	545	225	315	430	185	245
Non-official language	1,105	490	610	350	160	190
Aboriginal	145	65	75	65	25	40
Non-Aboriginal	960	425	535	285	130	155
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	5	5	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	10	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	37,115	18,340	18,770	15,930	7,640	8,290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	35,810	17,770	18,035	15,405	7,405	8,000
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,936	40,954	25,401	32,662	38,758	28,265
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	35,850	17,800	18,055	15,410	7,405	8,005
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,984	36,076	23,978	29,350	33,707	25,940
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	31,925	16,165	15,755	13,720	6,700	7,025
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,702	36,886	21,509	29,039	35,334	24,473
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,810	12,345	14,465	11,700	5,220	6,485
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,337	9,492	7,471	8,000	8,777	7,226
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,705	13,365	12,340	11,220	5,625	5,590
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,522	35,126	21,400	28,847	34,311	24,768
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	37,110	18,345	18,770	15,930	7,675	8,255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	35,775	17,765	18,010	15,405	7,410	7,995
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,050	52,011	32,224	42,393	49,957	35,386
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	35,800	17,770	18,030	15,410	7,410	8,000
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,828	43,068	28,690	34,762	40,007	29,906
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,025	16,220	15,805	13,780	6,740	7,040
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,318	49,452	28,918	39,931	47,586	32,606
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,550	12,185	14,365	11,790	5,335	6,450
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,235	10,003	8,584	8,720	9,264	8,270
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,705	13,355	12,350	11,220	5,620	5,600
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,917	47,705	27,329	39,791	46,893	32,663
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	37,110	18,340	18,770	15,930	7,675	8,255
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	8,710	4,820	3,890	4,660	2,350	2,310
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,152	62,041	40,171	49,149	56,715	42,800
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,936	67,316	44,060	58,411	66,448	50,236
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.6	86.8	78.5	84.0	86.8	80.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.1	68.9	58.9	67.6	71.0	63.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.4	13.2	21.5	16.0	13.2	19.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	37,110	18,345	18,770	15,930	7,640	8,290
Without total income	1,300	570	730	525	235	290
With total income	35,810	17,770	18,035	15,405	7,405	7,995
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.9	96.1	96.7	96.9	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,750	1,850	2,910	2,125	955	1,170
$10,000 to $19,999	6,630	2,520	4,105	2,710	1,035	1,675
$20,000 to $29,999	5,610	2,220	3,395	2,300	915	1,385
$30,000 to $39,999	4,665	2,120	2,550	2,045	895	1,150
$40,000 to $49,999	3,590	1,770	1,825	1,640	760	880
$50,000 to $59,999	2,560	1,465	1,095	1,165	640	525
$60,000 to $69,999	2,020	1,325	700	835	525	310
$70,000 to $79,999	1,570	1,070	505	665	395	275
$80,000 to $89,999	1,165	845	320	590	315	270
$90,000 to $99,999	840	620	225	335	200	135
$100,000 and over	2,385	1,965	420	995	765	225
$100,000 to $149,999	1,725	1,400	325	720	545	180
$150,000 and over	660	570	95	270	225	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,110	18,340	18,770	15,930	7,640	8,290
Without after-tax income	1,260	540	720	520	235	280
With after-tax income	35,855	17,800	18,055	15,410	7,410	8,005
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	97.1	96.2	96.7	97.0	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,965	1,950	3,020	2,210	970	1,240
$10,000 to $19,999	7,000	2,715	4,280	2,880	1,125	1,760
$20,000 to $29,999	6,550	2,665	3,885	2,790	1,150	1,640
$30,000 to $39,999	5,225	2,460	2,765	2,490	1,130	1,360
$40,000 to $49,999	3,760	2,020	1,740	1,710	905	805
$50,000 to $59,999	2,645	1,720	925	1,135	700	440
$60,000 to $69,999	1,970	1,365	600	860	485	380
$70,000 to $79,999	1,295	935	360	490	300	190
$80,000 and over	2,440	1,970	470	840	645	195
$80,000 to $89,999	810	625	185	265	195	70
$90,000 to $99,999	535	425	110	200	150	50
$100,000 and over	1,095	920	180	375	305	70
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	37,110	18,340	18,770	15,930	7,640	8,290
Without employment income	11,410	4,975	6,430	4,710	2,015	2,700
With employment income	25,705	13,365	12,340	11,220	5,630	5,590
Percentage with employment income	69.3	72.9	65.7	70.4	73.7	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,020	2,495	2,530	1,645	765	880
$5,000 to $9,999	2,105	825	1,280	1,150	505	650
$10,000 to $19,999	3,640	1,540	2,100	1,595	710	880
$20,000 to $29,999	3,135	1,235	1,895	1,380	585	795
$30,000 to $39,999	2,505	1,080	1,425	1,290	565	725
$40,000 to $49,999	2,025	935	1,090	935	435	495
$50,000 to $59,999	1,545	885	660	740	430	315
$60,000 to $69,999	1,280	855	425	530	355	175
$70,000 to $79,999	1,140	790	355	495	275	215
$80,000 and over	3,305	2,720	585	1,455	1,000	455
$80,000 to $89,999	910	685	225	460	235	225
$90,000 to $99,999	635	495	145	250	155	95
$100,000 and over	1,765	1,545	215	750	610	140
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,366	...	...	64,558	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,487	...	...	56,192	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,765	...	...	2,410	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,355	...	...	30,733	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,411	...	...	27,891	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	13,845	...	...	5,720	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,108	...	...	82,793	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,838	...	...	70,643	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,713	...	...	80,334	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,406	...	...	65,898	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,775	...	...	2,420	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,128	...	...	43,250	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,629	...	...	35,325	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	13,835	...	...	5,710	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,974	...	...	96,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,244	...	...	78,847	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	19,610	...	...	8,125	...	...
Under $5,000	270	...	...	105	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	275	...	...	165	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	635	...	...	200	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	950	...	...	395	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	975	...	...	370	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	885	...	...	385	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,025	...	...	420	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	940	...	...	395	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	915	...	...	390	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	930	...	...	360	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,625	...	...	615	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540	...	...	590	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,370	...	...	555	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,195	...	...	495	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	980	...	...	400	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,090	...	...	2,295	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,940	...	...	785	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,250	...	...	575	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,175	...	...	600	...	...
$200,000 and over	725	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
Under $5,000	285	...	...	110	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	275	...	...	175	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	645	...	...	200	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	995	...	...	415	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,115	...	...	430	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,075	...	...	450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,190	...	...	485	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,050	...	...	470	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,070	...	...	440	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,040	...	...	425	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,930	...	...	770	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,730	...	...	700	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,455	...	...	630	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,200	...	...	485	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,070	...	...	425	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,480	...	...	1,520	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,665	...	...	745	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	890	...	...	390	...	...
$150,000 and over	925	...	...	385	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	13,240	...	...	5,525	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,876	...	...	83,483	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,565	...	...	71,022	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,755	...	...	2,315	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,883	...	...	74,333	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,916	...	...	63,829	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,225	...	...	2,180	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,658	...	...	113,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,880	...	...	94,656	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,940	...	...	885	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,916	...	...	48,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,070	...	...	45,082	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	13,195	...	...	5,510	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,635	...	...	96,956	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,852	...	...	79,466	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,735	...	...	2,325	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,920	...	...	91,513	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,688	...	...	74,176	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,250	...	...	2,140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,211	...	...	120,612	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,739	...	...	98,212	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,915	...	...	905	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,655	...	...	55,453	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,259	...	...	48,946	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,720	3,935	3,780	3,000	1,335	1,665
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,966	31,528	26,895	27,307	29,333	26,432
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,569	28,602	25,152	25,442	26,560	24,971
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,760	3,900	3,860	3,040	1,320	1,715
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,054	41,282	34,790	39,255	43,841	35,723
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,914	34,962	30,843	32,321	34,776	30,430
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	43,810	21,820	21,990	19,015	9,235	9,775
In the bottom half of the distribution	24,100	11,565	12,530	10,135	4,710	5,425
In the bottom decile	5,205	2,535	2,670	1,785	840	940
In the second decile	5,200	2,365	2,840	2,210	950	1,270
In the third decile	4,640	2,205	2,430	2,155	1,015	1,145
In the fourth decile	4,395	2,160	2,235	2,060	980	1,080
In the fifth decile	4,660	2,300	2,360	1,925	935	990
In the top half of the distribution	19,710	10,250	9,455	8,880	4,525	4,355
In the sixth decile	4,380	2,200	2,180	2,110	1,055	1,050
In the seventh decile	4,220	2,175	2,040	2,060	1,035	1,020
In the eighth decile	4,330	2,275	2,050	1,925	985	940
In the ninth decile	3,835	2,045	1,785	1,600	810	790
In the top decile	2,955	1,555	1,400	1,185	635	550
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	42,255	21,000	21,250	18,665	9,065	9,595
0 to 17 years	7,700	4,005	3,700	3,615	1,865	1,750
0 to 5 years	2,390	1,265	1,130	1,125	590	535
18 to 64 years	25,495	12,415	13,080	11,315	5,455	5,860
65 years and over	9,060	4,585	4,470	3,725	1,745	1,980
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,925	3,250	3,675	2,625	1,190	1,435
0 to 17 years	1,715	905	810	575	275	300
0 to 5 years	595	325	270	205	95	105
18 to 64 years	3,905	1,790	2,115	1,415	650	765
65 years and over	1,300	555	750	635	265	370
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.4	15.5	17.3	14.1	13.1	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	22.3	22.6	21.9	15.9	14.7	17.1
0 to 5 years (%)	24.9	25.7	23.9	18.2	16.1	19.6
18 to 64 years (%)	15.3	14.4	16.2	12.5	11.9	13.1
65 years and over (%)	14.3	12.1	16.8	17.0	15.2	18.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,560	1,735	1,825	950	450	495
0 to 17 years	875	460	415	160	65	95
0 to 5 years	310	165	140	50	20	30
18 to 64 years	2,475	1,190	1,285	750	360	385
65 years and over	210	80	130	45	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.4	8.3	8.6	5.1	5.0	5.2
0 to 17 years (%)	11.4	11.5	11.2	4.4	3.5	5.4
0 to 5 years (%)	13.0	13.0	12.4	4.4	3.4	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.7	9.6	9.8	6.6	6.6	6.6
65 years and over (%)	2.3	1.7	2.9	1.2	1.1	1.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	43,810	21,820	21,990	19,015	9,240	9,775
Official languages	43,720	21,785	21,940	19,000	9,235	9,765
English	43,720	21,785	21,930	18,995	9,235	9,765
French	3,100	1,315	1,785	2,065	900	1,170
Non-official languages	3,945	1,745	2,200	1,140	510	630
Aboriginal languages	285	145	145	100	35	65
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	100	40	60
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	100	35	65
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	100	35	60
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	15	15	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	60	30	25	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	50	30	25	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	180	85	90	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	135	55	80	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	40	30	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,660	1,600	2,060	1,035	470	560
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	25	10	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	15	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10	20	15	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	165	75	95	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	165	75	90	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	350	120	230	65	30	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	25	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	315	100	215	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	35	10	25
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	30	0	25
Dravidian languages	20	15	10	25	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	20	10	10	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,590	1,175	1,410	730	355	370
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	260	125	135	60	30	30
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	255	120	130	60	30	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	15	10	0	10
Czech	50	35	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	25	45	10	10	0
Russian	45	25	20	10	0	10
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	10	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	20	25	15	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	15	10	185	90	100
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	185	85	100
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,235	545	685	210	105	105
Afrikaans	85	40	50	0	0	0
Danish	55	20	30	0	0	0
Dutch	195	80	115	115	55	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	860	385	475	90	60	35
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Swedish	25	15	10	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	180	100	80	155	85	75
Indo-Aryan languages	155	90	70	135	75	60
Bengali	10	0	0	20	15	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hindi	60	40	20	55	20	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	50	50	25	20	0
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Urdu	0	10	10	45	20	20
Iranian languages	20	10	10	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	965	420	540	150	65	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	165	85	80	25	10	10
Portuguese	60	25	40	10	10	0
Romanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	765	325	440	120	45	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	115	50	65	20	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	45	45	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	60	20	35	30	0	20
American Sign Language	30	10	15	15	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	65	90	95	25	70
Chinese languages	155	60	90	95	20	70
Cantonese	85	40	45	20	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	25	40	70	20	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	20	10	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	20	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	20	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	135	55	80	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	90	35	55	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	20	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	43,810	21,820	21,990	19,015	9,240	9,775
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	42,500	21,225	21,275	18,580	9,055	9,530
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,975	4,145	3,825	3,765	1,945	1,820
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	34,525	17,075	17,445	14,815	7,105	7,710
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,310	595	715	430	185	250
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	43,810	21,820	21,990	19,015	9,235	9,780
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	38,950	19,530	19,425	17,980	8,730	9,250
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,625	2,165	2,460	915	465	455
Before 1981	2,710	1,430	1,280	400	205	190
1981 to 1990	460	195	260	65	30	35
1991 to 2000	510	200	310	100	55	55
2001 to 2010	570	195	375	170	70	100
2001 to 2005	230	65	165	55	20	35
2006 to 2010	340	135	205	115	50	60
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	385	145	235	170	100	80
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	230	125	105	115	40	75
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,630	2,170	2,460	910	460	450
Under 5 years	620	300	320	150	85	65
5 to 14 years	880	435	440	150	90	60
15 to 24 years	1,165	550	615	165	75	90
25 to 44 years	1,670	765	900	385	185	200
45 years and over	300	110	185	65	30	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,630	2,170	2,460	915	460	450
Americas	915	410	510	265	145	120
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	10	10	10
Haiti	10	0	10	10	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	30	0	20	10	10	10
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	720	345	375	200	115	90
Other places of birth in Americas	115	45	70	20	10	10
Europe	2,675	1,330	1,345	325	160	165
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	25	0	20	10	0	10
France	45	20	25	0	10	0
Germany	435	180	255	35	20	15
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	35	20	20	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	45	20	30	10	10	0
Italy	105	65	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	155	80	80	100	55	45
Poland	55	25	35	15	10	0
Portugal	40	25	20	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	10	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,330	690	645	115	55	65
Other places of birth in Europe	365	195	170	20	15	0
Africa	140	60	80	70	40	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	10	10
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	120	50	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	15	65	35	25
Asia	805	315	485	245	105	140
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	80	35	45	35	10	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	10	0	0	0
India	90	35	55	45	20	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	15	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	10	35	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	80	50	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	30	15	15
Philippines	280	80	200	50	15	35
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	15	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	120	50	70	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	40	20	30	25	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	85	45	45	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	380	145	235	175	95	80
Americas	75	25	55	20	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	20	30	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	20	10	0	10
Europe	75	40	45	20	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	25	10	15	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	20	10	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	30	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	200	65	135	105	50	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	35	20	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	105	25	75	50	20	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Australia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	43,810	21,820	21,990	19,015	9,240	9,780
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,120	2,420	2,700	1,120	550	570
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,870	3,930	3,940	1,300	615	685
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	30,820	15,475	15,350	16,600	8,075	8,525
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,965	770	1,200	510	250	260
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,050	440	605	305	155	155
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	485	255	230	150	100	45
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	565	190	375	160	55	105
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	790	245	545	175	80	95
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	135	80	50	15	15	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	43,810	21,820	21,990	19,015	9,240	9,780
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,855	2,945	2,915	1,655	835	815
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,735	2,890	2,840	1,645	830	815
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	4,360	2,200	2,160	555	270	285
Métis	1,325	670	655	1,085	560	525
Inuk (Inuit)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	65	35	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	55	20	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	37,955	18,875	19,080	17,360	8,400	8,965
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	43,810	21,820	21,990	19,015	9,235	9,780
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,465	1,745	1,725	530	265	265
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	40,345	20,080	20,265	18,490	8,970	9,515
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	43,810	21,820	21,990	19,015	9,235	9,775
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,150	1,125	1,030	445	230	215
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,140	1,115	1,025	440	225	210
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,000	1,025	975	325	160	170
Métis single ancestry	130	90	45	110	65	45
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,890	1,910	1,985	1,550	720	830
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,755	1,855	1,905	1,485	680	805
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,685	1,310	1,375	550	225	325
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,045	530	515	935	450	480
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	140	60	80	65	40	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	125	50	75	65	40	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	37,760	18,785	18,980	17,025	8,290	8,735
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	43,810	21,820	21,990	19,015	9,240	9,775
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,860	820	1,045	860	355	505
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	275	140	135	205	105	100
Chinese	250	100	150	125	25	100
Black	165	70	95	375	155	215
Filipino	460	185	275	60	15	35
Latin American	150	80	70	15	10	10
Arab	30	15	15	15	0	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	225	85	140	10	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	10	10	20	15	0
Korean	80	40	40	10	0	0
Japanese	130	65	70	25	10	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	10	40	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	41,950	21,000	20,945	18,155	8,885	9,270
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	43,810	21,820	21,990	19,015	9,240	9,775
North American Aboriginal origins	6,045	3,030	3,015	1,995	950	1,040
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,835	2,405	2,425	945	425	515
Inuit	50	20	30	0	10	0
Métis	1,315	675	640	1,115	565	550
Other North American origins	12,435	6,260	6,175	7,815	3,865	3,950
Acadian	45	10	40	585	290	295
American	840	425	410	210	130	85
Canadian	11,790	5,970	5,825	7,295	3,595	3,695
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	20	40	15	10	10
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	30	25	10
Ontarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	10	25	15	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	34,655	17,165	17,490	14,280	6,940	7,340
British Isles origins	25,945	12,710	13,240	12,085	5,900	6,180
Channel Islander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	20	10	10	10	0	0
English	17,040	8,245	8,805	3,880	1,815	2,060
Irish	8,805	4,070	4,735	5,390	2,550	2,840
Manx	55	15	35	0	0	0
Scottish	11,870	5,625	6,240	8,830	4,415	4,415
Welsh	1,450	665	785	220	100	120
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,270	620	640	125	75	55
French origins	4,925	2,385	2,540	4,745	2,285	2,460
Alsatian	15	10	10	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	10	0	0	0
French	4,925	2,385	2,535	4,735	2,280	2,455
Western European origins (except French origins)	9,725	4,960	4,765	2,050	965	1,085
Austrian	460	235	225	35	10	20
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	205	85	125	95	40	55
Dutch	2,165	1,115	1,050	905	395	510
Flemish	25	20	10	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	7,165	3,680	3,480	1,060	525	535
Luxembourger	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	420	220	205	15	10	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	5,770	2,840	2,935	245	95	150
Danish	800	370	425	100	25	75
Finnish	735	320	420	10	10	0
Icelandic	380	170	205	0	0	0
Norwegian	2,495	1,200	1,295	95	50	50
Swedish	1,855	940	915	50	20	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	330	205	125	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	5,605	2,700	2,900	455	225	225
Bulgarian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Czech	155	100	55	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	125	65	60	10	0	0
Estonian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	470	205	270	125	65	65
Latvian	35	25	15	10	10	0
Lithuanian	65	45	25	0	0	0
Moldovan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	1,555	775	775	185	90	85
Romanian	190	90	95	10	0	10
Russian	1,105	545	560	60	25	40
Slovak	80	60	20	10	10	0
Ukrainian	2,550	1,120	1,430	110	50	60
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,085	1,065	1,020	360	145	215
Albanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	140	65	80	15	10	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	115	45	70	10	0	10
Italian	1,200	665	535	200	90	110
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	15	10	0
Maltese	35	10	25	15	0	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	190	100	85	50	15	35
Serbian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovenian	35	30	0	10	0	0
Spanish	330	135	190	45	10	35
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	50	10	40	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	340	165	165	110	90	20
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	115	60	55	50	30	15
Roma (Gypsy)	25	10	15	15	15	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	170	85	90	45	40	0
Caribbean origins	90	45	45	115	60	60
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	15	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	15	15	0
Jamaican	25	10	10	35	15	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	35	15	20
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	0	30	10	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	345	160	185	45	30	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	15	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Chilean	145	70	80	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	35	45	15	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	20	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	270	115	155	325	130	195
Central and West African origins	20	15	0	30	20	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	10	15	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	50	10	45	30	10	20
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moroccan	10	10	0	10	0	10
Sudanese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	120	35	85	20	10	10
Afrikaner	10	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	10	10	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	110	35	70	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	105	60	45	240	90	150
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	40	20	20	20	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	65	45	25	225	80	145
Asian origins	1,765	765	1,005	555	230	330
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	155	55	100	55	20	30
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	15	15	15	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	70	25	45	10	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	10	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	270	130	145	255	125	135
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
East Indian	240	115	130	220	100	120
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	0	30	10	15
Punjabi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	10	10	10	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,320	560	755	270	90	175
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese	370	165	210	165	55	110
Filipino	495	190	300	55	20	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	155	80	80	25	10	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	45	40	0	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	10
Thai	25	10	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	175	75	100	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	280	130	150	0	0	0
Australian	170	75	95	0	0	0
New Zealander	70	35	35	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	45	25	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
Owner	14,460	...	...	6,120	...	...
Renter	5,090	...	...	1,905	...	...
Band housing	60	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
Condominium	1,890	...	...	125	...	...
Not condominium	17,715	...	...	8,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
No bedrooms	120	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,580	...	...	565	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,155	...	...	1,790	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,075	...	...	3,255	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,680	...	...	2,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,215	...	...	1,545	...	...
5 rooms	3,495	...	...	1,585	...	...
6 rooms	3,345	...	...	1,375	...	...
7 rooms	2,715	...	...	1,055	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,840	...	...	2,565	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
One person or fewer per room	19,505	...	...	8,095	...	...
More than 1 person per room	100	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	19,610	...	...	8,125	...	...
Suitable	19,135	...	...	7,940	...	...
Not suitable	475	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	19,610	...	...	8,125	...	...
1960 or before	1,940	...	...	1,610	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,925	...	...	2,270	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,525	...	...	1,405	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,505	...	...	1,145	...	...
2001 to 2005	885	...	...	555	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,600	...	...	700	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,225	...	...	440	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	19,610	...	...	8,125	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	18,135	...	...	7,570	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,475	...	...	560	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	19,610	...	...	8,130	...	...
1 household maintainer	11,775	...	...	5,105	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,500	...	...	2,935	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	340	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	19,610	...	...	8,125	...	...
15 to 24 years	515	...	...	305	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,075	...	...	910	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,645	...	...	1,095	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,475	...	...	1,500	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,790	...	...	1,855	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,920	...	...	1,475	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,645	...	...	730	...	...
85 years and over	550	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	18,990	...	...	7,875	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	14,915	...	...	6,545	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,070	...	...	1,330	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,620	...	...	1,180	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,050	...	...	5,995	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.1	...	...	51.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.1	...	...	9.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	808	...	...	657	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,013	...	...	883	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,859	...	...	185,071	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	331,364	...	...	209,703	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,970	...	...	1,890	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.4	...	...	14.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.2	...	...	41.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	883	...	...	741	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	940	...	...	794	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,115	18,340	18,770	15,930	7,675	8,250
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,050	3,880	3,170	2,755	1,400	1,355
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,550	5,325	6,225	3,530	1,780	1,755
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,510	9,135	9,375	9,640	4,505	5,140
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,825	3,770	1,055	1,925	1,395	535
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,860	1,170	690	960	565	395
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,965	2,600	370	965	830	135
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,735	2,845	4,890	3,500	1,375	2,125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,045	325	720	420	165	260
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,905	2,195	2,705	3,795	1,570	2,220
Bachelor's degree	3,295	1,420	1,875	2,375	950	1,435
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	375	140	230	210	85	125
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	155	50	140	90	55
Master's degree	935	420	510	725	295	435
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	100	60	40	335	155	175
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	23,495	11,415	12,085	9,740	4,695	5,040
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,945	1,740	1,205	835	485	350
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,285	3,425	3,855	1,865	985	885
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,265	6,245	7,025	7,035	3,230	3,805
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,170	2,430	745	1,290	925	365
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,275	775	505	625	360	265
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,895	1,655	240	670	565	100
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,885	2,155	3,730	2,605	1,045	1,565
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	695	220	470	250	125	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,515	1,440	2,075	2,885	1,135	1,750
Bachelor's degree	2,415	945	1,470	1,820	710	1,115
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	245	85	150	145	50	95
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	145	110	35	110	65	45
Master's degree	655	265	390	570	215	355
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	60	30	35	240	100	145
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,115	18,340	18,770	15,930	7,680	8,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,605	9,205	9,395	6,290	3,175	3,115
Education	1,355	275	1,075	905	290	615
13. Education	1,355	280	1,075	905	290	615
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	515	235	280	110	55	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	70	20	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	425	165	260	95	45	50
Humanities	620	270	355	435	190	250
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	20	30	25	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	145	45	105	155	65	90
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	35	85	100	30	65
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	35	20	15	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	85	65	45	30	10
54. History	90	50	40	90	40	50
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,520	455	1,070	820	210	610
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	10	40	25	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	20	45	50	15	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	465	50	415	185	15	165
22. Legal professions and studies	170	65	105	85	30	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	35	20	10	0	0
42. Psychology	200	60	140	195	50	145
45. Social sciences	520	220	295	265	90	175
Business, management and public administration	2,990	835	2,155	1,765	415	1,355
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	35	185	155	45	115
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,765	805	1,965	1,615	370	1,245
Physical and life sciences and technologies	540	245	295	375	200	185
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	290	105	180	150	70	80
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	30	55	80	50	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	10	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	115	85	30	140	80	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	20	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	275	175	100	280	145	135
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210	140	65	180	90	90
25. Library science	25	0	20	25	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	10	70	50	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,640	4,430	205	2,310	2,205	110
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	10	15	10	10
14. Engineering	420	385	30	230	205	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	690	640	50	375	345	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,305	1,250	50	770	750	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,630	1,600	35	570	555	15
48. Precision production	545	520	25	350	340	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,045	780	260	295	210	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	270	160	110	130	75	60
03. Natural resources and conservation	770	625	145	160	135	25
Health and related fields	3,380	500	2,880	1,630	240	1,385
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	200	70	135	120	50	70
51. Health professions and related programs	3,115	380	2,740	1,445	150	1,295
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	50	10	65	40	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,630	925	710	705	350	355
12. Personal and culinary services	850	215	630	440	110	325
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	20	10	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	125	95	30	45	30	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	630	590	35	225	205	15
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	23,495	11,415	12,085	9,740	4,695	5,045
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	10,225	5,170	5,060	2,705	1,470	1,235
Education	810	155	655	655	185	465
13. Education	815	160	650	650	185	465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	425	180	240	80	45	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	60	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	345	120	230	70	40	35
Humanities	355	135	220	315	145	175
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	15	20	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	75	20	60	115	45	65
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	15	55	80	30	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	15	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	45	30	30	25	0
54. History	70	30	40	65	25	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,155	285	865	665	155	505
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	40	30	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	10	45	30	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	380	40	340	160	10	150
22. Legal professions and studies	135	40	95	75	20	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	25	10	10	0	0
42. Psychology	120	25	95	145	30	110
45. Social sciences	380	135	245	215	80	140
Business, management and public administration	2,185	585	1,600	1,305	310	990
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	175	25	145	130	35	90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,015	560	1,455	1,175	270	900
Physical and life sciences and technologies	365	125	240	245	130	120
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	60	145	125	60	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	15	50	40	20	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	35	20	75	50	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	130	70	235	115	115
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	135	40	155	70	80
25. Library science	20	0	20	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	15	55	40	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,145	2,985	160	1,585	1,500	85
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	0	10	10	0
14. Engineering	300	265	35	145	135	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	480	440	45	270	245	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	920	885	35	500	480	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,040	1,020	20	380	380	0
48. Precision production	375	360	15	275	260	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	850	640	210	235	170	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	195	120	75	95	50	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	655	525	135	135	120	20
Health and related fields	2,575	365	2,210	1,155	195	960
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	175	45	130	85	45	40
51. Health professions and related programs	2,355	280	2,080	1,030	120	905
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	45	0	45	35	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,200	650	550	565	275	290
12. Personal and culinary services	620	135	485	360	95	265
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	115	80	30	35	20	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	450	420	30	165	160	10
Other	0	0	10	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,110	18,340	18,770	15,930	7,675	8,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,605	9,210	9,400	6,290	3,170	3,110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	18,510	9,135	9,375	9,640	4,505	5,135
Location of study inside Canada	16,675	8,195	8,480	9,200	4,280	4,925
Same as province or territory of residence	12,595	6,150	6,450	7,575	3,505	4,070
Different than province or territory of residence	4,080	2,040	2,035	1,630	780	845
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,830	940	890	445	225	215
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	540	295	240	160	80	85
Philippines	150	55	95	40	10	25
India	30	0	25	40	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	365	210	160	65	35	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	25	0	20	10	0	10
Other	715	365	350	125	70	55
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	23,495	11,415	12,080	9,740	4,700	5,045
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,225	5,170	5,060	2,705	1,465	1,235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	13,265	6,240	7,025	7,035	3,225	3,805
Location of study inside Canada	12,220	5,780	6,435	6,720	3,060	3,655
Same as province or territory of residence	9,485	4,455	5,030	5,545	2,525	3,020
Different than province or territory of residence	2,740	1,325	1,410	1,175	540	640
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,050	465	585	315	165	150
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	270	135	140	100	50	50
Philippines	125	55	70	25	10	15
India	30	10	25	35	25	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	150	65	85	30	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	10	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	10	0
Other	440	190	250	105	55	60
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	37,110	18,345	18,770	15,930	7,675	8,255
In the labour force	21,990	11,480	10,505	10,080	5,110	4,975
Employed	19,810	10,115	9,695	8,915	4,355	4,560
Unemployed	2,180	1,370	815	1,170	755	415
Not in the labour force	15,125	6,860	8,260	5,850	2,565	3,285
Participation rate	59.3	62.6	56.0	63.3	66.6	60.3
Employment rate	53.4	55.1	51.7	56.0	56.7	55.2
Unemployment rate	9.9	11.9	7.8	11.6	14.8	8.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	37,110	18,340	18,770	15,930	7,675	8,250
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	13,625	6,000	7,620	5,170	2,230	2,945
Worked	23,490	12,345	11,150	10,755	5,445	5,310
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	9,060	5,040	4,020	4,830	2,465	2,360
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	14,430	7,305	7,130	5,925	2,980	2,945
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	39.1	40.5	39.7	38.6	40.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	21,990	11,480	10,510	10,080	5,110	4,975
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	430	220	210	135	80	60
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	21,555	11,255	10,300	9,945	5,030	4,915
Employee	18,320	9,315	9,015	8,890	4,360	4,535
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,235	1,945	1,290	1,055	675	375
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	21,985	11,480	10,510	10,085	5,110	4,970
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	430	225	210	140	80	60
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	21,555	11,255	10,300	9,945	5,035	4,915
0 Management occupations	2,150	1,265	890	885	540	350
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,725	510	2,215	1,275	230	1,045
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,335	1,070	265	435	355	90
3 Health occupations	1,525	285	1,240	990	175	815
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,050	490	1,560	1,245	450	800
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	595	220	375	260	80	175
6 Sales and service occupations	5,225	1,985	3,235	2,280	870	1,415
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,860	3,630	225	1,640	1,575	60
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,590	1,405	185	650	565	85
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	500	400	105	280	205	80
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	21,990	11,480	10,510	10,080	5,110	4,970
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	435	225	205	135	80	60
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	21,555	11,255	10,300	9,945	5,030	4,910
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,285	1,880	400	705	595	105
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	525	485	40	125	115	0
22 Utilities	145	110	30	70	65	0
23 Construction	2,020	1,755	265	985	905	80
31-33 Manufacturing	980	720	255	465	305	165
41 Wholesale trade	440	300	140	160	115	40
44-45 Retail trade	2,740	1,175	1,565	1,225	550	675
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,010	780	230	280	220	60
51 Information and cultural industries	270	155	120	145	70	70
52 Finance and insurance	465	145	320	265	80	190
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	380	180	200	75	65	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,035	490	545	365	175	185
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	15	20	15	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	915	525	385	295	180	115
61 Educational services	1,165	295	870	1,355	550	800
62 Health care and social assistance	2,775	395	2,380	1,590	255	1,335
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	495	255	240	155	45	115
72 Accommodation and food services	1,950	695	1,250	900	300	600
81 Other services (except public administration)	965	445	525	375	180	190
91 Public administration	980	465	515	405	240	170
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	19,805	10,110	9,695	8,910	4,355	4,560
Worked at home	1,535	660	870	575	270	305
Worked outside Canada	45	30	20	20	15	10
No fixed workplace address	3,445	2,780	665	1,055	870	185
Worked at usual place	14,780	6,640	8,140	7,265	3,200	4,065
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,780	6,640	8,140	7,265	3,200	4,065
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,070	4,190	5,875	2,290	1,055	1,230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,070	1,495	1,570	3,655	1,335	2,320
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,300	665	640	1,195	700	495
Commute to a different province or territory	345	290	55	130	110	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	18,225	9,420	8,805	8,320	4,075	4,245
Car, truck, van - as a driver	14,075	7,055	7,020	6,935	3,440	3,500
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,275	730	535	630	255	380
Public transit	470	260	215	80	65	15
Walked	1,150	480	670	545	230	320
Bicycle	310	185	120	15	10	10
Other method	945	710	245	115	80	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	18,225	9,420	8,805	8,320	4,075	4,245
Less than 15 minutes	9,310	3,985	5,320	3,985	1,750	2,235
15 to 29 minutes	5,245	2,880	2,370	2,535	1,225	1,315
30 to 44 minutes	1,465	875	590	1,020	545	475
45 to 59 minutes	625	365	260	380	255	125
60 minutes and over	1,575	1,315	265	400	300	95
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	18,225	9,420	8,805	8,320	4,075	4,245
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,420	1,095	320	570	410	160
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,655	1,845	815	1,285	780	505
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,680	2,495	2,190	2,750	1,300	1,445
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,295	1,635	2,655	1,755	645	1,105
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,310	830	1,480	710	230	480
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,860	1,525	1,335	1,260	705	550
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	24,305	12,730	11,575	11,160	5,630	5,535
Single responses	24,245	12,705	11,540	11,090	5,585	5,500
Official languages	24,160	12,660	11,500	11,080	5,585	5,495
English	24,095	12,645	11,450	11,010	5,560	5,450
French	60	15	45	70	25	50
Non-official languages	85	45	40	10	10	10
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	45	35	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	35	70	40	30
English and French	40	10	30	50	35	15
English and non-official language	15	15	10	15	0	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	24,305	12,730	11,575	11,160	5,625	5,530
None	23,925	12,580	11,345	10,870	5,495	5,370
English	70	20	50	50	20	25
French	135	55	75	140	65	70
Non-official language	155	70	85	90	25	60
Aboriginal	30	0	30	35	10	25
Non-Aboriginal	125	60	60	55	25	30
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	20	0	15	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	43,425	21,585	21,835	18,830	9,140	9,695
Non-movers	36,650	18,245	18,400	16,785	8,190	8,590
Movers	6,775	3,340	3,435	2,045	940	1,100
Non-migrants	3,780	1,895	1,885	1,105	505	595
Migrants	2,995	1,450	1,545	945	440	505
Internal migrants	2,865	1,375	1,495	850	405	445
Intraprovincial migrants	2,055	960	1,095	585	265	325
Interprovincial migrants	805	410	400	260	140	120
External migrants	130	75	55	95	40	60
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	41,770	20,675	21,100	18,035	8,750	9,285
Non-movers	24,945	12,540	12,400	12,870	6,380	6,490
Movers	16,830	8,130	8,695	5,160	2,365	2,795
Non-migrants	8,800	4,295	4,510	2,660	1,190	1,470
Migrants	8,025	3,840	4,190	2,505	1,175	1,325
Internal migrants	7,500	3,600	3,900	2,245	1,065	1,180
Intraprovincial migrants	5,510	2,635	2,875	1,475	700	770
Interprovincial migrants	1,990	970	1,020	775	360	410
External migrants	525	240	285	260	110	145

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Strathcona, RD [Census division], British Columbia and Antigonish, CTY [Census division], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Antigonish, County [Census division], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Antigonish, County [Census division], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Antigonish, County [Census division], Nova Scotia