Census Profile, 2016 Census
Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Gwayasdums 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Strathcona, RD British Columbia [Census division]			Gwayasdums 1, IRI British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Gwayasdums 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	44,671	...	...	27	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	43,252	...	...	38	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	-28.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	21,681	...	...	20	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	19,610	...	...	13	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.4	...	...	84.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	18,278.06	...	...	0.32	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	44,670	22,260	22,415	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	6,715	3,490	3,230	x	x	x
0 to 4 years	2,040	1,095	945	x	x	x
5 to 9 years	2,380	1,195	1,180	x	x	x
10 to 14 years	2,290	1,195	1,105	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	28,225	13,885	14,335	x	x	x
15 to 19 years	2,345	1,225	1,125	x	x	x
20 to 24 years	2,070	1,050	1,020	x	x	x
25 to 29 years	2,185	1,115	1,065	x	x	x
30 to 34 years	2,345	1,145	1,195	x	x	x
35 to 39 years	2,455	1,230	1,220	x	x	x
40 to 44 years	2,480	1,165	1,310	x	x	x
45 to 49 years	2,730	1,335	1,395	x	x	x
50 to 54 years	3,445	1,650	1,795	x	x	x
55 to 59 years	4,120	1,995	2,125	x	x	x
60 to 64 years	4,065	1,975	2,090	x	x	x
65 years and over	9,735	4,880	4,850	x	x	x
65 to 69 years	3,785	1,960	1,830	x	x	x
70 to 74 years	2,530	1,290	1,235	x	x	x
75 to 79 years	1,535	800	725	x	x	x
80 to 84 years	965	475	495	x	x	x
85 years and over	920	360	560	x	x	x
85 to 89 years	600	275	330	x	x	x
90 to 94 years	250	75	180	x	x	x
95 to 99 years	55	10	45	x	x	x
100 years and over	10	5	5	x	x	x
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	15.0	15.7	14.4	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	63.2	62.4	64.0	x	x	x
65 years and over	21.8	21.9	21.6	x	x	x
85 years and over	2.1	1.6	2.5	x	x	x
Average age of the population	44.6	44.1	45.1	x	x	x
Median age of the population	48.2	47.6	48.8	x	x	x
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
Single-detached house	13,170	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	x	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,265	...	...	x	...	...
Semi-detached house	900	...	...	x	...	...
Row house	1,080	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	815	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,450	...	...	x	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	x	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,165	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
1 person	5,765	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	8,230	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	2,470	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	2,105	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	1,045	...	...	x	...	...
Number of persons in private households	43,810	...	...	x	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	x	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	37,960	18,770	19,185	x	x	x
Married or living common law	22,990	11,510	11,480	x	x	x
Married	17,960	9,010	8,950	x	x	x
Living common law	5,035	2,505	2,530	x	x	x
Not married and not living common law	14,965	7,260	7,705	x	x	x
Never married	8,410	4,815	3,595	x	x	x
Separated	1,250	575	675	x	x	x
Divorced	3,065	1,345	1,725	x	x	x
Widowed	2,235	530	1,710	x	x	x
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	13,345	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	8,410	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	2,285	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	1,910	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	735	...	...	x	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	x	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	13,340	...	...	x	...	...
Total couple families	11,260	...	...	x	...	...
Married couples	8,745	...	...	x	...	...
Common-law couples	2,515	...	...	x	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,080	...	...	x	...	...
Female parent	1,575	...	...	x	...	...
Male parent	505	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	11,260	...	...	x	...	...
Couples without children	7,085	...	...	x	...	...
Couples with children	4,175	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	1,750	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	1,745	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	675	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,080	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	1,320	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	535	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	225	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,555	4,355	4,200	x	x	x
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
One-census-family households	12,790	...	...	x	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,870	...	...	x	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,920	...	...	x	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	275	...	...	x	...	...
Non-census-family households	6,545	...	...	x	...	...
One-person households	5,765	...	...	x	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	780	...	...	x	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	44,410	22,140	22,275	x	x	x
English only	41,175	20,700	20,475	x	x	x
French only	10	0	5	x	x	x
English and French	3,135	1,395	1,740	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	90	45	45	x	x	x
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	44,410	22,140	22,270	x	x	x
English	43,635	21,780	21,860	x	x	x
French	655	305	350	x	x	x
English and French	45	15	25	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	75	35	45	x	x	x
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	675	320	360	x	x	x
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.4	1.6	x	x	x
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	44,410	22,135	22,270	x	x	x
Single responses	44,080	21,975	22,100	x	x	x
Official languages	41,275	20,660	20,615	x	x	x
English	40,560	20,330	20,230	x	x	x
French	715	330	385	x	x	x
Non-official languages	2,800	1,310	1,485	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	180	85	95	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	10	5	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	5	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	10	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	5	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	5	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	50	30	20	x	x	x
Comox	5	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	45	30	20	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	105	45	55	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	55	20	30	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	50	25	25	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,620	1,230	1,395	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	25	15	5	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	20	15	5	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	5	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	5	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	170	75	95	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	170	75	90	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	225	70	155	x	x	x
Bikol	5	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	25	5	15	x	x	x
Fijian	0	5	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	20	5	10	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	5	0	5	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	165	50	120	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	10	5	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	1,740	855	885	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	315	140	175	x	x	x
Baltic languages	10	5	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Lithuanian	10	5	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	310	135	175	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	55	25	30	x	x	x
Czech	50	25	25	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	65	25	45	x	x	x
Russian	40	15	25	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	x	x	x
Slovak	20	10	5	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	5	x	x	x
Ukrainian	55	20	35	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	950	485	465	x	x	x
Afrikaans	30	15	20	x	x	x
Danish	60	35	25	x	x	x
Dutch	185	95	90	x	x	x
Frisian	10	0	5	x	x	x
German	595	310	290	x	x	x
Icelandic	5	5	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	30	15	15	x	x	x
Swedish	35	15	15	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	10	5	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	140	70	70	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	130	65	65	x	x	x
Bengali	5	5	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	5	5	5	x	x	x
Hindi	5	5	5	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	10	5	5	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	45	50	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	5	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	10	10	5	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	320	145	170	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	95	50	40	x	x	x
Portuguese	40	15	20	x	x	x
Romanian	10	5	10	x	x	x
Spanish	165	75	95	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Japanese	70	25	45	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	70	35	30	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	5	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	5	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	20	5	10	x	x	x
American Sign Language	10	5	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	75	75	x	x	x
Chinese languages	155	75	75	x	x	x
Cantonese	70	40	35	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	65	30	30	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	5	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	25	0	25	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	5	x	x	x
Thai	20	0	20	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	105	50	50	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Finnish	60	30	30	x	x	x
Hungarian	40	20	20	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	335	165	170	x	x	x
English and French	90	40	45	x	x	x
English and non-official language	225	110	120	x	x	x
French and non-official language	10	5	5	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	x	x	x
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	44,410	22,135	22,270	x	x	x
Single responses	43,945	21,925	22,015	x	x	x
Official languages	43,235	21,585	21,655	x	x	x
English	43,060	21,500	21,555	x	x	x
French	175	80	95	x	x	x
Non-official languages	710	345	365	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	5	5	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	5	5	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	695	335	360	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	50	50	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	105	50	50	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	65	25	40	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	5	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	10	5	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	5	0	5	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	15	35	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	320	150	170	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	35	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	65	30	40	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	15	10	5	x	x	x
Czech	15	5	5	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	15	5	10	x	x	x
Russian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	x	x	x
Slovak	10	5	5	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	85	40	45	x	x	x
Afrikaans	10	5	5	x	x	x
Danish	5	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	15	5	5	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	60	30	25	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	85	40	40	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	80	40	35	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	5	0	5	x	x	x
Hindi	5	5	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	30	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	5	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	45	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Portuguese	5	0	5	x	x	x
Romanian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Spanish	60	25	35	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	30	20	15	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	45	25	20	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	5	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
American Sign Language	10	5	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	35	x	x	x
Chinese languages	80	45	35	x	x	x
Cantonese	45	25	20	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	30	15	15	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	5	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	5	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	10	10	5	x	x	x
Hungarian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	465	210	255	x	x	x
English and French	45	25	20	x	x	x
English and non-official language	410	185	230	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	x	x	x
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	44,410	22,140	22,270	x	x	x
None	42,345	21,225	21,125	x	x	x
English	400	185	210	x	x	x
French	545	225	315	x	x	x
Non-official language	1,105	490	610	x	x	x
Aboriginal	145	65	75	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	960	425	535	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	5	5	5	x	x	x
French and non-official language	15	10	10	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	37,115	18,340	18,770	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	35,810	17,770	18,035	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,936	40,954	25,401	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	35,850	17,800	18,055	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,984	36,076	23,978	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	31,925	16,165	15,755	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,702	36,886	21,509	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,810	12,345	14,465	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,337	9,492	7,471	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,705	13,365	12,340	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,522	35,126	21,400	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	37,110	18,345	18,770	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	35,775	17,765	18,010	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,050	52,011	32,224	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	35,800	17,770	18,030	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,828	43,068	28,690	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,025	16,220	15,805	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,318	49,452	28,918	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,550	12,185	14,365	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,235	10,003	8,584	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,705	13,355	12,350	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,917	47,705	27,329	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	37,110	18,340	18,770	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	8,710	4,820	3,890	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,152	62,041	40,171	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,936	67,316	44,060	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.6	86.8	78.5	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.1	68.9	58.9	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.4	13.2	21.5	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	37,110	18,345	18,770	x	x	x
Without total income	1,300	570	730	x	x	x
With total income	35,810	17,770	18,035	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.9	96.1	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,750	1,850	2,910	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	6,630	2,520	4,105	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	5,610	2,220	3,395	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	4,665	2,120	2,550	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	3,590	1,770	1,825	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	2,560	1,465	1,095	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	2,020	1,325	700	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,570	1,070	505	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,165	845	320	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	840	620	225	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	2,385	1,965	420	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	1,725	1,400	325	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	660	570	95	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,110	18,340	18,770	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	1,260	540	720	x	x	x
With after-tax income	35,855	17,800	18,055	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	97.1	96.2	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,965	1,950	3,020	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	7,000	2,715	4,280	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	6,550	2,665	3,885	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	5,225	2,460	2,765	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	3,760	2,020	1,740	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	2,645	1,720	925	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	1,970	1,365	600	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,295	935	360	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	2,440	1,970	470	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	810	625	185	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	535	425	110	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,095	920	180	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	37,110	18,340	18,770	x	x	x
Without employment income	11,410	4,975	6,430	x	x	x
With employment income	25,705	13,365	12,340	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	69.3	72.9	65.7	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,020	2,495	2,530	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	2,105	825	1,280	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	3,640	1,540	2,100	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	3,135	1,235	1,895	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	2,505	1,080	1,425	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	2,025	935	1,090	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,545	885	660	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	1,280	855	425	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,140	790	355	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	3,305	2,720	585	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	910	685	225	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	635	495	145	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,765	1,545	215	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,366	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,487	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,765	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,355	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,411	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	13,845	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,108	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,838	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,713	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,406	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,775	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,128	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,629	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	13,835	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,974	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,244	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	270	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	275	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	635	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	950	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	975	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	885	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,025	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	940	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	915	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	930	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,625	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,370	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,195	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	980	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,090	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,940	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,250	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,175	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	725	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	285	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	275	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	645	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	995	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,115	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,075	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,190	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,050	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,070	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,040	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,930	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,730	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,455	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,200	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,070	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,480	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,665	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	890	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	925	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	13,240	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,876	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,565	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,755	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,883	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,916	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,225	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,658	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,880	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,940	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,916	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,070	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	13,195	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,635	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,852	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,735	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,920	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,688	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,250	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,211	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,739	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,915	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,655	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,259	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,720	3,935	3,780	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,966	31,528	26,895	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,569	28,602	25,152	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,760	3,900	3,860	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,054	41,282	34,790	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,914	34,962	30,843	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	43,810	21,820	21,990	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	24,100	11,565	12,530	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	5,205	2,535	2,670	x	x	x
In the second decile	5,200	2,365	2,840	x	x	x
In the third decile	4,640	2,205	2,430	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	4,395	2,160	2,235	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	4,660	2,300	2,360	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	19,710	10,250	9,455	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	4,380	2,200	2,180	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	4,220	2,175	2,040	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	4,330	2,275	2,050	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	3,835	2,045	1,785	x	x	x
In the top decile	2,955	1,555	1,400	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	42,255	21,000	21,250	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	7,700	4,005	3,700	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	2,390	1,265	1,130	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	25,495	12,415	13,080	x	x	x
65 years and over	9,060	4,585	4,470	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,925	3,250	3,675	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	1,715	905	810	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	595	325	270	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	3,905	1,790	2,115	x	x	x
65 years and over	1,300	555	750	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.4	15.5	17.3	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	22.3	22.6	21.9	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	24.9	25.7	23.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	15.3	14.4	16.2	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	14.3	12.1	16.8	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,560	1,735	1,825	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	875	460	415	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	310	165	140	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	2,475	1,190	1,285	x	x	x
65 years and over	210	80	130	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.4	8.3	8.6	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	11.4	11.5	11.2	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	13.0	13.0	12.4	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	9.7	9.6	9.8	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	2.3	1.7	2.9	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	43,810	21,820	21,990	x	x	x
Official languages	43,720	21,785	21,940	x	x	x
English	43,720	21,785	21,930	x	x	x
French	3,100	1,315	1,785	x	x	x
Non-official languages	3,945	1,745	2,200	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	285	145	145	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	10	10	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	10	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	10	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	10	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	25	10	15	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	25	15	15	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	60	30	25	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	50	30	25	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	180	85	90	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	135	55	80	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	40	30	10	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,660	1,600	2,060	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	25	10	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	40	25	15	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	30	20	10	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	10	10	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	165	75	95	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	165	75	90	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	350	120	230	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	20	10	10	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	15	0	15	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	10	0	10	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	315	100	215	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	20	15	10	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	20	10	10	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	2,590	1,175	1,410	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	260	125	135	x	x	x
Baltic languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	255	120	130	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	15	15	0	x	x	x
Croatian	30	10	15	x	x	x
Czech	50	35	20	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	70	25	45	x	x	x
Russian	45	25	20	x	x	x
Serbian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	25	15	10	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	45	20	25	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	20	15	10	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	10	10	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	1,235	545	685	x	x	x
Afrikaans	85	40	50	x	x	x
Danish	55	20	30	x	x	x
Dutch	195	80	115	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	860	385	475	x	x	x
Icelandic	10	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	35	20	20	x	x	x
Swedish	25	15	10	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	15	10	10	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	180	100	80	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	155	90	70	x	x	x
Bengali	10	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	60	40	20	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	10	10	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	50	50	x	x	x
Sindhi	10	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	10	10	x	x	x
Iranian languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	965	420	540	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	165	85	80	x	x	x
Portuguese	60	25	40	x	x	x
Romanian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Spanish	765	325	440	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	115	50	65	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	85	45	45	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	10	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	10	10	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	10	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	60	20	35	x	x	x
American Sign Language	30	10	15	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	65	90	x	x	x
Chinese languages	155	60	90	x	x	x
Cantonese	85	40	45	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	60	25	40	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	20	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	15	0	20	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	135	55	80	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	90	35	55	x	x	x
Hungarian	45	20	20	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	43,810	21,820	21,990	x	x	x
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	42,500	21,225	21,275	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,975	4,145	3,825	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	34,525	17,075	17,445	x	x	x
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,310	595	715	x	x	x
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	43,810	21,820	21,990	x	x	x
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	38,950	19,530	19,425	x	x	x
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,625	2,165	2,460	x	x	x
Before 1981	2,710	1,430	1,280	x	x	x
1981 to 1990	460	195	260	x	x	x
1991 to 2000	510	200	310	x	x	x
2001 to 2010	570	195	375	x	x	x
2001 to 2005	230	65	165	x	x	x
2006 to 2010	340	135	205	x	x	x
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	385	145	235	x	x	x
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	230	125	105	x	x	x
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,630	2,170	2,460	x	x	x
Under 5 years	620	300	320	x	x	x
5 to 14 years	880	435	440	x	x	x
15 to 24 years	1,165	550	615	x	x	x
25 to 44 years	1,670	765	900	x	x	x
45 years and over	300	110	185	x	x	x
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,630	2,170	2,460	x	x	x
Americas	915	410	510	x	x	x
Brazil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Colombia	10	0	0	x	x	x
El Salvador	10	10	0	x	x	x
Guyana	10	10	0	x	x	x
Haiti	10	0	10	x	x	x
Jamaica	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexico	30	0	20	x	x	x
Peru	10	0	10	x	x	x
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	720	345	375	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	115	45	70	x	x	x
Europe	2,675	1,330	1,345	x	x	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatia	25	0	20	x	x	x
France	45	20	25	x	x	x
Germany	435	180	255	x	x	x
Greece	10	0	0	x	x	x
Hungary	35	20	20	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	45	20	30	x	x	x
Italy	105	65	35	x	x	x
Netherlands	155	80	80	x	x	x
Poland	55	25	35	x	x	x
Portugal	40	25	20	x	x	x
Romania	15	10	10	x	x	x
Russian Federation	10	0	10	x	x	x
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukraine	10	0	0	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,330	690	645	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	365	195	170	x	x	x
Africa	140	60	80	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	0	0	10	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenya	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	10	10	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	10	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	120	50	65	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	15	x	x	x
Asia	805	315	485	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	0	0	0	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	80	35	45	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	10	x	x	x
India	90	35	55	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	40	10	35	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	80	50	40	x	x	x
Lebanon	15	0	10	x	x	x
Pakistan	10	10	0	x	x	x
Philippines	280	80	200	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwan	0	10	0	x	x	x
Viet Nam	120	50	70	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	60	40	20	x	x	x
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	85	45	45	x	x	x
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	380	145	235	x	x	x
Americas	75	25	55	x	x	x
Brazil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Colombia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexico	0	0	10	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	20	30	x	x	x
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	20	x	x	x
Europe	75	40	45	x	x	x
France	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germany	25	10	15	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romania	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian Federation	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ukraine	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	20	10	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	x	x	x
Africa	10	10	0	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	x	x	x
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrea	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	x	x	x
Tunisia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	x	x	x
Asia	200	65	135	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	0	0	0	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	x	x	x
India	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israel	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	10	0	15	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	40	15	25	x	x	x
Lebanon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepal	10	0	10	x	x	x
Pakistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Philippines	105	25	75	x	x	x
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkey	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	x	x	x
Viet Nam	10	0	10	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Australia	15	10	10	x	x	x
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	43,810	21,820	21,990	x	x	x
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,120	2,420	2,700	x	x	x
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,870	3,930	3,940	x	x	x
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	30,820	15,475	15,350	x	x	x
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,965	770	1,200	x	x	x
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,050	440	605	x	x	x
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	485	255	230	x	x	x
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	565	190	375	x	x	x
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	790	245	545	x	x	x
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	135	80	50	x	x	x
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	43,810	21,820	21,990	x	x	x
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,855	2,945	2,915	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,735	2,890	2,840	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	4,360	2,200	2,160	x	x	x
Métis	1,325	670	655	x	x	x
Inuk (Inuit)	50	20	30	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	65	35	35	x	x	x
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	55	20	30	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal identity	37,955	18,875	19,080	x	x	x
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	43,810	21,820	21,990	x	x	x
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,465	1,745	1,725	x	x	x
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	40,345	20,080	20,265	x	x	x
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	43,810	21,820	21,990	x	x	x
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,150	1,125	1,030	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,140	1,115	1,025	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,000	1,025	975	x	x	x
Métis single ancestry	130	90	45	x	x	x
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,890	1,910	1,985	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,755	1,855	1,905	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,685	1,310	1,375	x	x	x
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,045	530	515	x	x	x
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	20	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	140	60	80	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	125	50	75	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	x	x	x
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	37,760	18,785	18,980	x	x	x
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	43,810	21,820	21,990	x	x	x
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,860	820	1,045	x	x	x
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	275	140	135	x	x	x
Chinese	250	100	150	x	x	x
Black	165	70	95	x	x	x
Filipino	460	185	275	x	x	x
Latin American	150	80	70	x	x	x
Arab	30	15	15	x	x	x
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	225	85	140	x	x	x
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Korean	80	40	40	x	x	x
Japanese	130	65	70	x	x	x
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	35	25	10	x	x	x
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	10	40	x	x	x
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	41,950	21,000	20,945	x	x	x
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	43,810	21,820	21,990	x	x	x
North American Aboriginal origins	6,045	3,030	3,015	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,835	2,405	2,425	x	x	x
Inuit	50	20	30	x	x	x
Métis	1,315	675	640	x	x	x
Other North American origins	12,435	6,260	6,175	x	x	x
Acadian	45	10	40	x	x	x
American	840	425	410	x	x	x
Canadian	11,790	5,970	5,825	x	x	x
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	x	x	x
Newfoundlander	55	20	40	x	x	x
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Ontarian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Québécois	35	10	25	x	x	x
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	x	x	x
European origins	34,655	17,165	17,490	x	x	x
British Isles origins	25,945	12,710	13,240	x	x	x
Channel Islander	15	10	0	x	x	x
Cornish	20	10	10	x	x	x
English	17,040	8,245	8,805	x	x	x
Irish	8,805	4,070	4,735	x	x	x
Manx	55	15	35	x	x	x
Scottish	11,870	5,625	6,240	x	x	x
Welsh	1,450	665	785	x	x	x
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,270	620	640	x	x	x
French origins	4,925	2,385	2,540	x	x	x
Alsatian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Breton	0	0	0	x	x	x
Corsican	0	0	10	x	x	x
French	4,925	2,385	2,535	x	x	x
Western European origins (except French origins)	9,725	4,960	4,765	x	x	x
Austrian	460	235	225	x	x	x
Bavarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belgian	205	85	125	x	x	x
Dutch	2,165	1,115	1,050	x	x	x
Flemish	25	20	10	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	7,165	3,680	3,480	x	x	x
Luxembourger	0	0	10	x	x	x
Swiss	420	220	205	x	x	x
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	5,770	2,840	2,935	x	x	x
Danish	800	370	425	x	x	x
Finnish	735	320	420	x	x	x
Icelandic	380	170	205	x	x	x
Norwegian	2,495	1,200	1,295	x	x	x
Swedish	1,855	940	915	x	x	x
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	330	205	125	x	x	x
Eastern European origins	5,605	2,700	2,900	x	x	x
Bulgarian	25	20	10	x	x	x
Byelorussian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	155	100	55	x	x	x
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	125	65	60	x	x	x
Estonian	75	40	35	x	x	x
Hungarian	470	205	270	x	x	x
Latvian	35	25	15	x	x	x
Lithuanian	65	45	25	x	x	x
Moldovan	20	0	10	x	x	x
Polish	1,555	775	775	x	x	x
Romanian	190	90	95	x	x	x
Russian	1,105	545	560	x	x	x
Slovak	80	60	20	x	x	x
Ukrainian	2,550	1,120	1,430	x	x	x
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Southern European origins	2,085	1,065	1,020	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	140	65	80	x	x	x
Cypriot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	115	45	70	x	x	x
Italian	1,200	665	535	x	x	x
Kosovar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Maltese	35	10	25	x	x	x
Montenegrin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	190	100	85	x	x	x
Serbian	45	30	15	x	x	x
Sicilian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovenian	35	30	0	x	x	x
Spanish	330	135	190	x	x	x
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	50	10	40	x	x	x
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other European origins	340	165	165	x	x	x
Basque	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jewish	115	60	55	x	x	x
Roma (Gypsy)	25	10	15	x	x	x
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	170	85	90	x	x	x
Caribbean origins	90	45	45	x	x	x
Antiguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bahamian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Barbadian	15	10	0	x	x	x
Bermudan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carib	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuban	25	15	0	x	x	x
Dominican	10	0	10	x	x	x
Grenadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Jamaican	25	10	10	x	x	x
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Martinican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montserratan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	x	x	x
St. Lucian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	10	x	x	x
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins	345	160	185	x	x	x
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	15	x	x	x
Arawak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Argentinian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Belizean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bolivian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Brazilian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilean	145	70	80	x	x	x
Colombian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Costa Rican	10	0	0	x	x	x
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guatemalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guyanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hispanic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Honduran	15	10	10	x	x	x
Maya	10	0	0	x	x	x
Mexican	85	35	45	x	x	x
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Panamanian	10	0	15	x	x	x
Paraguayan	0	10	0	x	x	x
Peruvian	30	10	20	x	x	x
Salvadorean	35	20	10	x	x	x
Uruguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Venezuelan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	x	x	x
African origins	270	115	155	x	x	x
Central and West African origins	20	15	0	x	x	x
Akan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Angolan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ashanti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beninese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burkinabe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congolese	0	10	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gabonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ghanaian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Guinean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ibo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ivorian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Liberian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malinké	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigerian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Peulh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Senegalese	10	10	0	x	x	x
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Togolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins	50	10	45	x	x	x
Algerian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber	0	0	0	x	x	x
Coptic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egyptian	20	0	20	x	x	x
Libyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maure	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moroccan	10	10	0	x	x	x
Sudanese	25	0	20	x	x	x
Tunisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins	120	35	85	x	x	x
Afrikaner	10	0	10	x	x	x
Amhara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burundian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Djiboutian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mauritian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rwandan	0	0	10	x	x	x
Seychellois	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
South African	110	35	70	x	x	x
Tanzanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ugandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zulu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other African origins	105	60	45	x	x	x
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	40	20	20	x	x	x
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	65	45	25	x	x	x
Asian origins	1,765	765	1,005	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	155	55	100	x	x	x
Afghan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Assyrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Hazara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian	30	15	15	x	x	x
Iraqi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israeli	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jordanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kazakh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurd	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lebanese	70	25	45	x	x	x
Palestinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashtun	0	0	0	x	x	x
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Syrian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Tajik	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tatar	0	0	10	x	x	x
Turk	25	10	15	x	x	x
Turkmen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uighur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yemeni	0	0	0	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins	270	130	145	x	x	x
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bhutanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
East Indian	240	115	130	x	x	x
Goan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistani	10	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi	25	15	10	x	x	x
Sinhalese	10	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lankan	10	10	10	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,320	560	755	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	10	x	x	x
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	20	10	x	x	x
Chinese	370	165	210	x	x	x
Filipino	495	190	300	x	x	x
Hmong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indonesian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Japanese	155	80	80	x	x	x
Karen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	85	45	40	x	x	x
Laotian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malaysian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Mongolian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Singaporean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwanese	10	0	10	x	x	x
Thai	25	10	25	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	175	75	100	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins	20	15	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	20	0	x	x	x
Oceania origins	280	130	150	x	x	x
Australian	170	75	95	x	x	x
New Zealander	70	35	35	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins	45	25	20	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Hawaiian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Maori	10	0	0	x	x	x
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	15	0	x	x	x
Samoan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	10	0	x	x	x
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
Owner	14,460	...	...	x	...	...
Renter	5,090	...	...	x	...	...
Band housing	60	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
Condominium	1,890	...	...	x	...	...
Not condominium	17,715	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
No bedrooms	120	...	...	x	...	...
1 bedroom	1,580	...	...	x	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,155	...	...	x	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,075	...	...	x	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,680	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,215	...	...	x	...	...
5 rooms	3,495	...	...	x	...	...
6 rooms	3,345	...	...	x	...	...
7 rooms	2,715	...	...	x	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,840	...	...	x	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
One person or fewer per room	19,505	...	...	x	...	...
More than 1 person per room	100	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
Suitable	19,135	...	...	x	...	...
Not suitable	475	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
1960 or before	1,940	...	...	x	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,925	...	...	x	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,525	...	...	x	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,505	...	...	x	...	...
2001 to 2005	885	...	...	x	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,600	...	...	x	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,225	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	18,135	...	...	x	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,475	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
1 household maintainer	11,775	...	...	x	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,500	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	340	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	19,610	...	...	x	...	...
15 to 24 years	515	...	...	x	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,075	...	...	x	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,645	...	...	x	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,475	...	...	x	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,790	...	...	x	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,920	...	...	x	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,645	...	...	x	...	...
85 years and over	550	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	18,990	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	14,915	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,070	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,620	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,050	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.1	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.1	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	808	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,013	...	...	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,859	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	331,364	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,970	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.4	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.2	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	883	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	940	...	...	x	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,115	18,340	18,770	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,050	3,880	3,170	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,550	5,325	6,225	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,510	9,135	9,375	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,825	3,770	1,055	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,860	1,170	690	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,965	2,600	370	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,735	2,845	4,890	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,045	325	720	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,905	2,195	2,705	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	3,295	1,420	1,875	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	375	140	230	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	155	50	x	x	x
Master's degree	935	420	510	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	100	60	40	x	x	x
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	23,495	11,415	12,085	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,945	1,740	1,205	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,285	3,425	3,855	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,265	6,245	7,025	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,170	2,430	745	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,275	775	505	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,895	1,655	240	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,885	2,155	3,730	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	695	220	470	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,515	1,440	2,075	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	2,415	945	1,470	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	245	85	150	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	145	110	35	x	x	x
Master's degree	655	265	390	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	60	30	35	x	x	x
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,115	18,340	18,770	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,605	9,205	9,395	x	x	x
Education	1,355	275	1,075	x	x	x
13. Education	1,355	280	1,075	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	515	235	280	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	70	20	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	425	165	260	x	x	x
Humanities	620	270	355	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	20	30	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	145	45	105	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	35	85	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	35	20	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	85	65	x	x	x
54. History	90	50	40	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,520	455	1,070	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	10	40	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	20	45	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	465	50	415	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	170	65	105	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	35	20	x	x	x
42. Psychology	200	60	140	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	520	220	295	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	2,990	835	2,155	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	35	185	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,765	805	1,965	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	540	245	295	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	290	105	180	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	30	55	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	10	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	115	85	30	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	20	30	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	275	175	100	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210	140	65	x	x	x
25. Library science	25	0	20	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	10	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,640	4,430	205	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	10	x	x	x
14. Engineering	420	385	30	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	690	640	50	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	1,305	1,250	50	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,630	1,600	35	x	x	x
48. Precision production	545	520	25	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,045	780	260	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	270	160	110	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	770	625	145	x	x	x
Health and related fields	3,380	500	2,880	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	200	70	135	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	3,115	380	2,740	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	50	10	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,630	925	710	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	850	215	630	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	20	10	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	125	95	30	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	630	590	35	x	x	x
Other	0	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	x	x	x
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	23,495	11,415	12,085	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	10,225	5,170	5,060	x	x	x
Education	810	155	655	x	x	x
13. Education	815	160	650	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	425	180	240	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	60	10	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	345	120	230	x	x	x
Humanities	355	135	220	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	15	20	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	75	20	60	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	15	55	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	15	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	45	30	x	x	x
54. History	70	30	40	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,155	285	865	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	40	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	10	45	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	380	40	340	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	135	40	95	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	25	10	x	x	x
42. Psychology	120	25	95	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	380	135	245	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	2,185	585	1,600	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	175	25	145	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,015	560	1,455	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	365	125	240	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	60	145	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	15	50	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	55	35	20	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	25	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	130	70	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	135	40	x	x	x
25. Library science	20	0	20	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	15	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,145	2,985	160	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	0	x	x	x
14. Engineering	300	265	35	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	480	440	45	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	920	885	35	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,040	1,020	20	x	x	x
48. Precision production	375	360	15	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	850	640	210	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	195	120	75	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	655	525	135	x	x	x
Health and related fields	2,575	365	2,210	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	175	45	130	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	2,355	280	2,080	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	45	0	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,200	650	550	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	620	135	485	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	10	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	115	80	30	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	450	420	30	x	x	x
Other	0	0	10	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	x	x	x
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,110	18,340	18,770	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,605	9,210	9,400	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	18,510	9,135	9,375	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	16,675	8,195	8,480	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	12,595	6,150	6,450	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	4,080	2,040	2,035	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,830	940	890	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	540	295	240	x	x	x
Philippines	150	55	95	x	x	x
India	30	0	25	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	365	210	160	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	x	x	x
France	25	0	20	x	x	x
Other	715	365	350	x	x	x
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	23,495	11,415	12,080	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,225	5,170	5,060	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	13,265	6,240	7,025	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	12,220	5,780	6,435	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	9,485	4,455	5,030	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	2,740	1,325	1,410	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,050	465	585	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	270	135	140	x	x	x
Philippines	125	55	70	x	x	x
India	30	10	25	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	150	65	85	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	x	x	x
France	15	10	0	x	x	x
Other	440	190	250	x	x	x
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	37,110	18,345	18,770	x	x	x
In the labour force	21,990	11,480	10,505	x	x	x
Employed	19,810	10,115	9,695	x	x	x
Unemployed	2,180	1,370	815	x	x	x
Not in the labour force	15,125	6,860	8,260	x	x	x
Participation rate	59.3	62.6	56.0	x	x	x
Employment rate	53.4	55.1	51.7	x	x	x
Unemployment rate	9.9	11.9	7.8	x	x	x
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	37,110	18,340	18,770	x	x	x
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	13,625	6,000	7,620	x	x	x
Worked	23,490	12,345	11,150	x	x	x
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	9,060	5,040	4,020	x	x	x
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	14,430	7,305	7,130	x	x	x
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	39.1	40.5	x	x	x
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	21,990	11,480	10,510	x	x	x
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	430	220	210	x	x	x
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	21,555	11,255	10,300	x	x	x
Employee	18,320	9,315	9,015	x	x	x
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,235	1,945	1,290	x	x	x
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	21,985	11,480	10,510	x	x	x
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	430	225	210	x	x	x
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	21,555	11,255	10,300	x	x	x
0 Management occupations	2,150	1,265	890	x	x	x
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,725	510	2,215	x	x	x
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,335	1,070	265	x	x	x
3 Health occupations	1,525	285	1,240	x	x	x
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,050	490	1,560	x	x	x
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	595	220	375	x	x	x
6 Sales and service occupations	5,225	1,985	3,235	x	x	x
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,860	3,630	225	x	x	x
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,590	1,405	185	x	x	x
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	500	400	105	x	x	x
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	21,990	11,480	10,510	x	x	x
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	435	225	205	x	x	x
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	21,555	11,255	10,300	x	x	x
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,285	1,880	400	x	x	x
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	525	485	40	x	x	x
22 Utilities	145	110	30	x	x	x
23 Construction	2,020	1,755	265	x	x	x
31-33 Manufacturing	980	720	255	x	x	x
41 Wholesale trade	440	300	140	x	x	x
44-45 Retail trade	2,740	1,175	1,565	x	x	x
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,010	780	230	x	x	x
51 Information and cultural industries	270	155	120	x	x	x
52 Finance and insurance	465	145	320	x	x	x
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	380	180	200	x	x	x
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,035	490	545	x	x	x
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	15	20	x	x	x
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	915	525	385	x	x	x
61 Educational services	1,165	295	870	x	x	x
62 Health care and social assistance	2,775	395	2,380	x	x	x
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	495	255	240	x	x	x
72 Accommodation and food services	1,950	695	1,250	x	x	x
81 Other services (except public administration)	965	445	525	x	x	x
91 Public administration	980	465	515	x	x	x
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	19,805	10,110	9,695	x	x	x
Worked at home	1,535	660	870	x	x	x
Worked outside Canada	45	30	20	x	x	x
No fixed workplace address	3,445	2,780	665	x	x	x
Worked at usual place	14,780	6,640	8,140	x	x	x
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,780	6,640	8,140	x	x	x
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,070	4,190	5,875	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,070	1,495	1,570	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,300	665	640	x	x	x
Commute to a different province or territory	345	290	55	x	x	x
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	18,225	9,420	8,805	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a driver	14,075	7,055	7,020	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,275	730	535	x	x	x
Public transit	470	260	215	x	x	x
Walked	1,150	480	670	x	x	x
Bicycle	310	185	120	x	x	x
Other method	945	710	245	x	x	x
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	18,225	9,420	8,805	x	x	x
Less than 15 minutes	9,310	3,985	5,320	x	x	x
15 to 29 minutes	5,245	2,880	2,370	x	x	x
30 to 44 minutes	1,465	875	590	x	x	x
45 to 59 minutes	625	365	260	x	x	x
60 minutes and over	1,575	1,315	265	x	x	x
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	18,225	9,420	8,805	x	x	x
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,420	1,095	320	x	x	x
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,655	1,845	815	x	x	x
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,680	2,495	2,190	x	x	x
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,295	1,635	2,655	x	x	x
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,310	830	1,480	x	x	x
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,860	1,525	1,335	x	x	x
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	24,305	12,730	11,575	x	x	x
Single responses	24,245	12,705	11,540	x	x	x
Official languages	24,160	12,660	11,500	x	x	x
English	24,095	12,645	11,450	x	x	x
French	60	15	45	x	x	x
Non-official languages	85	45	40	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	45	35	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	35	20	20	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	0	10	0	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	0	0	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	0	0	0	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	10	0	10	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	10	10	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages	20	10	0	x	x	x
Cantonese	15	10	0	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	0	10	0	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	10	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	10	x	x	x
Hungarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	55	25	35	x	x	x
English and French	40	10	30	x	x	x
English and non-official language	15	15	10	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	24,305	12,730	11,575	x	x	x
None	23,925	12,580	11,345	x	x	x
English	70	20	50	x	x	x
French	135	55	75	x	x	x
Non-official language	155	70	85	x	x	x
Aboriginal	30	0	30	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	125	60	60	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
French and non-official language	20	0	15	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	43,425	21,585	21,835	x	x	x
Non-movers	36,650	18,245	18,400	x	x	x
Movers	6,775	3,340	3,435	x	x	x
Non-migrants	3,780	1,895	1,885	x	x	x
Migrants	2,995	1,450	1,545	x	x	x
Internal migrants	2,865	1,375	1,495	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	2,055	960	1,095	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	805	410	400	x	x	x
External migrants	130	75	55	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	41,770	20,675	21,100	x	x	x
Non-movers	24,945	12,540	12,400	x	x	x
Movers	16,830	8,130	8,695	x	x	x
Non-migrants	8,800	4,295	4,510	x	x	x
Migrants	8,025	3,840	4,190	x	x	x
Internal migrants	7,500	3,600	3,900	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	5,510	2,635	2,875	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	1,990	970	1,020	x	x	x
External migrants	525	240	285	x	x	x

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Strathcona, RD [Census division], British Columbia and Gwayasdums 1, IRI [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 30, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Gwayasdums 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Gwayasdums 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Gwayasdums 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia