Census Profile, 2016 Census
Courtenay, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Courtenay, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			St. Adolphe Manitoba [Population centre]
	Data quality , Courtenay, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Courtenay, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	25,599	...	...	1,362	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	24,216 ^r	...	...	1,117^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.7	...	...	21.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	12,013	...	...	501	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	11,704	...	...	497	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	789.9	...	...	853.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	32.41	...	...	1.60	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	25,595	12,125	13,470	1,360	695	665
0 to 14 years	3,660	1,905	1,760	315	170	150
0 to 4 years	1,175	590	590	85	40	50
5 to 9 years	1,270	685	585	120	70	55
10 to 14 years	1,215	625	585	105	60	50
15 to 64 years	15,265	7,170	8,095	885	445	435
15 to 19 years	1,280	625	650	65	30	30
20 to 24 years	1,335	675	660	70	30	40
25 to 29 years	1,270	630	635	90	50	45
30 to 34 years	1,480	725	760	100	40	55
35 to 39 years	1,360	650	705	110	60	50
40 to 44 years	1,410	655	755	95	55	45
45 to 49 years	1,480	670	810	85	45	40
50 to 54 years	1,810	840	970	75	30	40
55 to 59 years	1,900	875	1,025	90	40	50
60 to 64 years	1,940	830	1,115	105	60	45
65 years and over	6,675	3,060	3,620	160	85	80
65 to 69 years	2,085	950	1,130	85	45	40
70 to 74 years	1,610	755	855	50	25	25
75 to 79 years	1,190	570	620	10	5	5
80 to 84 years	915	430	485	5	5	5
85 years and over	880	355	525	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	545	240	305	0	5	0
90 to 94 years	275	95	180	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	60	15	40	5	0	0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.3	15.7	13.1	23.2	24.5	22.6
15 to 64 years	59.6	59.1	60.1	65.1	64.0	65.4
65 years and over	26.1	25.2	26.9	11.8	12.2	12.0
85 years and over	3.4	2.9	3.9	0.4	0.7	0.0
Average age of the population	45.8	44.6	46.9	36.8	36.6	37.0
Median age of the population	48.3	46.4	50.0	36.7	36.6	36.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	11,705	...	...	495	...	...
Single-detached house	5,970	...	...	415	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	45	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,305	...	...	80	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,770	...	...	30	...	...
Row house	855	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	370	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,300	...	...	40	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	385	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	11,700	...	...	495	...	...
1 person	3,870	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	4,740	...	...	190	...	...
3 persons	1,510	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	1,055	...	...	95	...	...
5 or more persons	525	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	25,000	...	...	1,365	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	21,935	10,225	11,715	1,045	525	515
Married or living common law	12,310	6,125	6,185	770	385	385
Married	9,905	4,930	4,980	670	335	335
Living common law	2,405	1,200	1,205	100	50	50
Not married and not living common law	9,625	4,100	5,530	275	140	135
Never married	5,175	2,715	2,460	200	115	85
Separated	805	320	485	15	5	10
Divorced	2,080	710	1,375	35	15	20
Widowed	1,570	355	1,215	25	5	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	7,375	...	...	415	...	...
2 persons	4,690	...	...	200	...	...
3 persons	1,375	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	950	...	...	90	...	...
5 or more persons	355	...	...	55	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	7,375	...	...	415	...	...
Total couple families	6,005	...	...	380	...	...
Married couples	4,800	...	...	335	...	...
Common-law couples	1,200	...	...	50	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,370	...	...	30	...	...
Female parent	1,105	...	...	20	...	...
Male parent	265	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	6,010	...	...	385	...	...
Couples without children	3,835	...	...	180	...	...
Couples with children	2,170	...	...	205	...	...
1 child	990	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	855	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more children	330	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,370	...	...	30	...	...
1 child	860	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	385	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	125	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,790	2,590	3,200	110	60	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	11,700	...	...	495	...	...
One-census-family households	7,110	...	...	400	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,705	...	...	170	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,405	...	...	230	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	130	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,465	...	...	90	...	...
One-person households	3,870	...	...	80	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	590	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	25,200	11,945	13,250	1,360	695	665
English only	23,030	10,985	12,045	785	415	375
French only	15	10	10	5	5	5
English and French	2,040	905	1,130	565	275	290
Neither English nor French	115	55	65	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	25,200	11,945	13,250	1,360	700	665
English	24,500	11,615	12,885	1,020	525	495
French	565	270	290	335	170	165
English and French	20	10	10	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	110	50	65	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	575	280	300	335	165	170
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.3	2.3	2.3	24.6	23.6	25.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	25,200	11,950	13,250	1,365	695	665
Single responses	24,950	11,835	13,120	1,335	680	650
Official languages	23,015	10,985	12,030	1,270	650	620
English	22,415	10,695	11,720	940	480	455
French	600	290	315	330	165	165
Non-official languages	1,940	855	1,085	60	35	30
Aboriginal languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Comox	5	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,925	850	1,080	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	160	80	75	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	155	80	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	155	45	110	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	5	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	35	75	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,050	480	570	60	30	25
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	190	70	120	20	15	10
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	185	70	120	20	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	20	30	5	0	5
Russian	30	10	20	10	5	5
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	20	40	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	520	220	295	25	15	10
Afrikaans	15	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	35	20	20	0	5	0
Dutch	140	60	80	5	0	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	300	120	180	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	140	85	55	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	125	80	50	5	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	25	20	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	45	25	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	15	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	85	90	5	0	0
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	20	25	5	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	100	40	55	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	110	55	60	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	270	110	160	0	0	0
Chinese languages	270	110	155	0	0	0
Cantonese	155	65	95	0	0	0
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	30	50	0	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	115	135	30	20	10
English and French	75	30	40	20	15	10
English and non-official language	160	75	85	5	5	5
French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	25,195	11,945	13,255	1,360	695	665
Single responses	24,875	11,815	13,055	1,340	685	655
Official languages	24,215	11,510	12,705	1,320	675	645
English	24,040	11,420	12,620	1,145	585	560
French	175	90	85	170	85	85
Non-official languages	660	310	355	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	655	305	350	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	120	55	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	60	65	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	25	45	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	20	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	85	90	10	10	5
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	20	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	20	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	30	20	0	0	5
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	15	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	60	35	25	0	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	15	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	65	90	5	0	5
Chinese languages	155	60	90	5	0	5
Cantonese	90	40	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	20	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	325	130	195	25	10	15
English and French	40	15	25	15	10	5
English and non-official language	275	105	165	5	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	25,200	11,945	13,250	1,365	700	665
None	23,740	11,275	12,460	1,080	560	515
English	350	170	180	130	70	60
French	360	160	195	120	50	75
Non-official language	725	325	400	25	10	15
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	715	325	390	25	10	15
English and French	5	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	21,345	9,975	11,375	1,045	530	515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,735	9,690	11,045	1,015	510	505
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,873	39,829	25,248	45,632	56,160	37,888
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,760	9,705	11,060	1,015	510	505
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,061	35,102	23,636	39,077	45,952	33,451
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,585	8,885	9,695	985	500	485
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,636	34,958	20,384	42,752	53,376	32,896
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,085	6,925	9,160	645	260	380
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,981	10,020	8,472	5,280	7,264	4,688
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,460	7,225	7,240	870	455	420
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,526	28,485	20,005	44,032	53,696	35,904
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	21,350	9,970	11,375	1,080	540	535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,800	9,740	11,060	1,045	530	525
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,091	47,440	31,738	50,327	58,765	41,816
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,830	9,745	11,085	1,050	530	525
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,653	40,057	28,023	40,899	47,030	34,716
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,655	8,950	9,705	1,025	525	505
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,599	44,194	27,670	46,428	54,781	37,739
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,185	7,000	9,180	700	290	410
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,201	9,487	8,983	7,490	8,042	7,096
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,460	7,180	7,285	905	465	440
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,953	39,415	26,587	47,114	55,240	38,554
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	21,345	9,970	11,375	1,080	545	535
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,915	2,665	2,250	505	280	225
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,060	53,913	39,897	57,462	66,914	45,664
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,771	58,881	45,537	60,172	67,938	50,522
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.0	86.0	76.5	91.6	93.5	87.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	58.9	61.9	54.9	81.2	83.2	77.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.1	14.0	23.5	8.8	6.6	12.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	21,345	9,970	11,375	1,045	525	515
Without total income	615	280	335	30	15	15
With total income	20,735	9,690	11,045	1,010	510	500
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.2	97.1	96.7	97.1	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,585	980	1,610	55	15	40
$10,000 to $19,999	4,055	1,385	2,670	95	35	65
$20,000 to $29,999	3,445	1,275	2,175	140	45	95
$30,000 to $39,999	2,890	1,225	1,665	120	60	65
$40,000 to $49,999	2,205	1,165	1,040	140	65	75
$50,000 to $59,999	1,565	905	655	105	60	45
$60,000 to $69,999	1,215	785	425	95	50	40
$70,000 to $79,999	860	570	290	85	60	25
$80,000 to $89,999	600	390	205	65	45	20
$90,000 to $99,999	375	265	115	45	25	20
$100,000 and over	940	750	195	65	50	15
$100,000 to $149,999	670	530	140	50	35	10
$150,000 and over	275	220	55	15	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	21,345	9,970	11,375	1,045	530	520
Without after-tax income	585	270	315	30	20	15
With after-tax income	20,760	9,700	11,065	1,015	515	505
Percentage with after-tax income	97.3	97.3	97.3	97.1	97.2	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,765	1,035	1,730	60	15	50
$10,000 to $19,999	4,245	1,490	2,755	110	45	70
$20,000 to $29,999	4,130	1,590	2,540	170	60	110
$30,000 to $39,999	3,120	1,425	1,695	180	80	100
$40,000 to $49,999	2,295	1,280	1,020	145	85	60
$50,000 to $59,999	1,535	970	565	135	85	50
$60,000 to $69,999	1,040	685	360	100	70	25
$70,000 to $79,999	620	440	180	60	35	20
$80,000 and over	1,005	780	225	50	30	15
$80,000 to $89,999	360	265	95	15	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	210	170	45	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	430	350	85	20	10	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	21,345	9,975	11,375	1,045	525	515
Without employment income	6,885	2,750	4,140	175	75	100
With employment income	14,460	7,225	7,235	870	455	415
Percentage with employment income	67.7	72.4	63.6	83.3	86.7	80.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,260	1,600	1,655	65	30	35
$5,000 to $9,999	1,240	480	765	40	10	30
$10,000 to $19,999	2,050	855	1,200	85	35	45
$20,000 to $29,999	1,870	790	1,075	105	35	70
$30,000 to $39,999	1,485	630	855	95	50	45
$40,000 to $49,999	1,155	580	575	110	50	60
$50,000 to $59,999	895	500	390	85	50	35
$60,000 to $69,999	705	475	235	65	40	25
$70,000 to $79,999	550	360	195	75	50	25
$80,000 and over	1,255	965	290	150	105	45
$80,000 to $89,999	375	260	115	50	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	235	175	60	40	25	15
$100,000 and over	645	530	110	55	45	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	11,705	...	...	500	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	57,463	...	...	98,048	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,925	...	...	80,868	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,870	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,192	...	...	48,128	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,924	...	...	42,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	7,835	...	...	415	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,259	...	...	108,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,762	...	...	89,958	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	11,705	...	...	515	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,468	...	...	102,627	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,892	...	...	83,402	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,880	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,728	...	...	47,016	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,378	...	...	39,226	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	7,825	...	...	425	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,204	...	...	114,059	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,533	...	...	92,484	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	11,700	...	...	500	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	130	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	470	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	575	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	640	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	610	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	665	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	670	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	565	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	590	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,040	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,015	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	855	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	770	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	570	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,390	...	...	240	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,010	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	570	...	...	70	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	535	...	...	65	...	...
$200,000 and over	270	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	11,705	...	...	495	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	140	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	475	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	605	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	745	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	730	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	775	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	680	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	700	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,205	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,075	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	885	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	685	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	535	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,585	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	805	...	...	85	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	390	...	...	45	...	...
$150,000 and over	395	...	...	35	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	7,335	...	...	410	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,534	...	...	109,653	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,913	...	...	90,163	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,635	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,388	...	...	91,584	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,845	...	...	76,032	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,200	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,280	...	...	128,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,224	...	...	103,083	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,310	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,640	...	...	70,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,715	...	...	64,896	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	7,305	...	...	420	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,686	...	...	114,192	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,776	...	...	92,517	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,635	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,245	...	...	87,277	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,623	...	...	72,447	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,210	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,547	...	...	139,431	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,512	...	...	111,651	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,290	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,364	...	...	86,714	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,312	...	...	69,302	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,340	2,410	2,930	95	50	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,520	30,093	27,675	45,440	53,888	41,344
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,091	27,174	25,678	39,936	43,648	35,328
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,395	2,365	3,030	110	55	55
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,054	38,435	34,192	46,557	49,115	44,177
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,402	32,883	30,244	38,928	40,567	37,403
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	25,000	11,875	13,130	1,360	695	665
In the bottom half of the distribution	14,770	6,720	8,050	470	240	235
In the bottom decile	3,360	1,540	1,825	20	10	10
In the second decile	3,090	1,340	1,750	50	20	30
In the third decile	2,745	1,240	1,510	105	55	50
In the fourth decile	2,845	1,300	1,545	140	70	65
In the fifth decile	2,720	1,305	1,420	155	80	80
In the top half of the distribution	10,235	5,150	5,080	885	460	425
In the sixth decile	2,665	1,285	1,380	180	90	90
In the seventh decile	2,400	1,205	1,195	210	115	95
In the eighth decile	2,210	1,115	1,095	195	110	85
In the ninth decile	1,730	910	820	195	95	95
In the top decile	1,225	640	590	105	50	55
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	25,005	11,870	13,130	1,365	695	665
0 to 17 years	4,410	2,245	2,160	355	185	165
0 to 5 years	1,440	740	700	105	50	55
18 to 64 years	14,395	6,750	7,640	845	430	420
65 years and over	6,200	2,870	3,325	160	80	80
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,550	1,985	2,565	40	20	20
0 to 17 years	1,180	620	560	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	435	225	210	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	2,585	1,090	1,495	15	5	10
65 years and over	785	275	510	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.2	16.7	19.5	2.9	2.9	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	26.8	27.6	25.9	4.2	5.4	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	30.2	30.4	30.0	4.8	0.0	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	18.0	16.1	19.6	1.8	1.2	2.4
65 years and over (%)	12.7	9.6	15.3	6.3	6.3	6.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,600	1,205	1,390	15	10	5
0 to 17 years	635	320	310	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	245	135	110	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	1,810	830	985	5	5	5
65 years and over	155	60	100	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.4	10.2	10.6	1.1	1.4	0.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.4	14.3	14.4	1.4	0.0	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.0	18.2	15.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.6	12.3	12.9	0.6	1.2	1.2
65 years and over (%)	2.5	2.1	3.0	3.1	6.3	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	25,005	11,875	13,130	1,365	695	670
Official languages	24,885	11,815	13,065	1,360	695	665
English	24,870	11,810	13,060	1,360	695	665
French	2,050	920	1,125	555	295	255
Non-official languages	2,725	1,265	1,460	115	65	55
Aboriginal languages	40	15	20	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	10	0	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,690	1,255	1,435	115	60	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	185	95	90	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	190	95	90	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	150	40	105	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	30	100	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,600	800	800	100	60	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	205	105	100	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	200	100	100	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	15	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	30	30	0	0	0
Russian	55	20	35	10	0	0
Serbian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	25	30	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	15	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	615	285	330	35	20	15
Afrikaans	25	20	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	155	70	85	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	410	195	215	30	20	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	30	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	210	105	100	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	195	105	90	20	15	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	90	45	45	20	15	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	135	75	60	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	545	280	265	45	25	20
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	110	55	60	10	0	10
Portuguese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	415	220	195	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	45	40	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	60	55	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	10	20	15	0	10
American Sign Language	15	10	10	15	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	380	145	240	0	0	0
Chinese languages	375	145	240	0	0	0
Cantonese	230	70	160	0	0	0
Hakka	40	25	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	120	30	85	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	20	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	20	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	10	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	25,000	11,870	13,130	1,365	695	665
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	24,135	11,450	12,690	1,335	685	655
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,260	2,175	2,090	300	165	140
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	19,870	9,275	10,595	1,035	520	515
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	870	425	445	25	10	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	25,000	11,870	13,130	1,360	695	665
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	21,610	10,330	11,275	1,285	645	645
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,115	1,405	1,710	70	45	25
Before 1981	1,820	830	985	15	10	10
1981 to 1990	350	120	230	0	0	10
1991 to 2000	265	115	150	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	450	220	225	40	30	10
2001 to 2005	200	100	100	30	20	10
2006 to 2010	250	120	125	15	10	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	240	120	120	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	280	135	140	10	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,115	1,405	1,710	70	50	20
Under 5 years	360	170	195	15	10	0
5 to 14 years	495	220	280	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	840	405	435	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	1,210	525	690	35	20	15
45 years and over	200	80	120	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,115	1,405	1,710	70	45	20
Americas	410	200	210	20	10	10
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	330	150	180	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	35	20	15	10	10	0
Europe	1,830	840	995	30	25	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	35	10	20	0	0	0
Germany	200	85	115	0	0	0
Greece	25	15	0	0	0	0
Hungary	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Italy	45	20	25	0	0	0
Netherlands	175	75	105	0	0	0
Poland	50	20	25	0	0	0
Portugal	15	15	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	990	455	535	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	205	95	110	15	10	0
Africa	125	60	65	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	60	35	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	15	35	0	0	0
Asia	675	265	410	20	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	125	45	80	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	70	35	35	15	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	50	30	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	120	25	90	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	180	80	100	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	20	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	70	45	25	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	240	120	115	10	0	10
Americas	45	25	20	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	15	15	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	60	45	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	130	45	85	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	50	25	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	35	10	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	25,005	11,870	13,130	1,365	700	665
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,665	1,675	1,990	80	55	25
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,180	2,440	2,740	140	95	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	16,155	7,755	8,405	1,140	550	595
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,375	600	775	55	35	20
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	560	240	320	35	25	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	255	130	125	10	10	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	310	110	200	25	15	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	635	265	370	25	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	180	100	80	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	25,005	11,870	13,130	1,360	695	665
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,770	780	990	320	160	160
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,735	765	970	320	160	160
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,115	490	625	15	0	15
Métis	590	265	325	305	160	145
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	23,235	11,095	12,140	1,040	535	505
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	25,005	11,870	13,135	1,360	695	665
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	565	225	335	10	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	24,445	11,650	12,795	1,350	695	655
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	25,005	11,870	13,135	1,360	700	665
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	290	150	140	45	10	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	290	145	140	40	10	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	230	110	115	15	0	10
Métis single ancestry	60	35	25	35	15	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,730	770	960	325	170	155
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,690	755	935	315	170	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,200	540	660	45	35	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	465	210	255	275	135	135
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	40	15	25	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	22,985	10,950	12,030	990	515	480
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	25,005	11,875	13,130	1,360	700	665
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,735	810	925	75	55	20
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	290	160	135	30	20	10
Chinese	480	200	275	0	0	0
Black	200	115	90	15	10	0
Filipino	190	65	130	0	0	0
Latin American	40	25	20	10	10	0
Arab	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	210	105	105	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korean	115	60	50	0	0	0
Japanese	110	45	70	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	10	25	15	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	50	35	20	0	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	23,265	11,060	12,205	1,290	645	645
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	25,005	11,875	13,135	1,360	700	665
North American Aboriginal origins	2,020	925	1,100	365	180	190
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,475	670	800	65	35	30
Inuit	25	10	15	0	0	0
Métis	570	265	305	315	145	170
Other North American origins	7,095	3,430	3,665	405	190	210
Acadian	35	15	25	0	0	0
American	600	305	300	25	15	10
Canadian	6,685	3,225	3,455	395	185	210
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	20,530	9,670	10,855	1,145	600	545
British Isles origins	15,905	7,450	8,460	590	285	305
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	9,910	4,690	5,220	370	190	180
Irish	5,520	2,435	3,080	215	120	95
Manx	45	20	25	0	0	0
Scottish	7,460	3,510	3,945	250	125	125
Welsh	925	490	435	35	15	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	970	450	520	20	10	10
French origins	3,050	1,295	1,755	525	280	245
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,045	1,290	1,750	525	280	245
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,125	2,400	2,725	370	195	175
Austrian	240	85	150	15	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	165	75	90	65	45	25
Dutch	1,445	715	730	45	25	15
Flemish	15	10	0	20	0	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,335	1,570	1,765	225	115	115
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	155	65	90	20	10	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,520	1,125	1,395	55	15	40
Danish	495	255	240	0	0	0
Finnish	275	115	160	0	0	0
Icelandic	195	85	115	10	0	10
Norwegian	845	390	450	20	10	10
Swedish	810	335	475	30	10	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	185	75	115	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,155	1,535	1,620	370	195	175
Bulgarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	85	55	35	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	60	30	35	0	0	0
Estonian	50	45	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	375	185	195	10	0	10
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Lithuanian	30	20	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	770	340	425	65	40	20
Romanian	100	75	30	10	0	0
Russian	680	335	345	80	35	45
Slovak	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,390	610	785	280	145	135
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,425	670	755	55	45	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	70	70	10	0	10
Italian	735	360	375	40	25	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	60	25	35	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	130	50	75	0	0	0
Serbian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	265	120	145	15	15	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	30	0	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	235	100	135	0	10	0
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	65	10	50	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	150	80	70	0	10	0
Caribbean origins	105	65	35	15	15	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cuban	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	15	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	10	0	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	125	75	50	20	25	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	10	20	20	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	45	20	20	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	20	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	260	135	125	10	10	0
Central and West African origins	55	30	30	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	30	20	10	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	60	30	30	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	55	25	30	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	120	60	60	10	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	105	55	50	10	10	0
Asian origins	1,680	760	920	55	30	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	120	45	75	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	10	10	10	10	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	65	20	50	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	325	175	150	30	25	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	275	150	125	35	20	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	0	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,225	530	695	15	0	10
Burmese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	510	210	295	0	0	0
Filipino	185	60	125	15	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Japanese	135	55	75	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	60	55	0	0	0
Laotian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	200	115	90	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	180	80	95	0	0	0
Australian	70	30	40	0	0	0
New Zealander	50	35	20	0	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	55	20	35	0	0	0
Fijian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	11,705	...	...	515	...	...
Owner	8,135	...	...	485	...	...
Renter	3,565	...	...	30	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	11,700	...	...	515	...	...
Condominium	2,365	...	...	65	...	...
Not condominium	9,340	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	11,705	...	...	510	...	...
No bedrooms	85	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	755	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,200	...	...	95	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,490	...	...	230	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,170	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	11,700	...	...	510	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,105	...	...	75	...	...
5 rooms	2,280	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	2,040	...	...	70	...	...
7 rooms	1,455	...	...	95	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,820	...	...	195	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	11,700	...	...	510	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,640	...	...	505	...	...
More than 1 person per room	60	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	11,705	...	...	515	...	...
Suitable	11,455	...	...	500	...	...
Not suitable	245	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	11,705	...	...	510	...	...
1960 or before	1,130	...	...	35	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,630	...	...	200	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,735	...	...	95	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,145	...	...	25	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,105	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,330	...	...	25	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	625	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	11,705	...	...	515	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	11,150	...	...	510	...	...
Major repairs needed	555	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	11,705	...	...	515	...	...
1 household maintainer	7,250	...	...	270	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,230	...	...	245	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	220	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	11,700	...	...	515	...	...
15 to 24 years	435	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,355	...	...	85	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,485	...	...	130	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,985	...	...	85	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,350	...	...	105	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,310	...	...	95	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,345	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	440	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	11,695	...	...	515	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,615	...	...	475	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,080	...	...	40	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,760	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,135	...	...	485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.3	...	...	69.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.6	...	...	7.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	872	...	...	1,109	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,023	...	...	1,105	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	317,684	...	...	284,847	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	341,125	...	...	293,135	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,560	...	...	30	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	50.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	904	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	948	...	...	1,117	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	21,345	9,975	11,375	1,080	540	535
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,590	1,710	1,880	100	65	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,890	3,165	3,720	415	190	230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,870	5,095	5,775	565	295	265
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,405	1,755	645	135	100	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	990	550	440	40	25	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,415	1,205	210	95	75	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,500	1,590	2,905	240	120	120
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	505	170	335	35	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,470	1,575	1,885	150	65	90
Bachelor's degree	2,270	980	1,295	105	55	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	255	105	155	20	0	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	55	35	0	0	0
Master's degree	725	355	370	30	10	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	125	85	35	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	12,545	5,740	6,810	795	400	400
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,475	775	705	45	30	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,870	1,835	2,035	300	145	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,205	3,135	4,070	450	220	230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,450	1,050	405	95	70	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	645	350	290	20	10	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	805	695	110	75	65	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,135	1,040	2,090	200	100	95
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	305	115	200	30	15	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,315	935	1,385	120	40	85
Bachelor's degree	1,595	620	970	80	30	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	40	100	15	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	35	30	0	0	0
Master's degree	470	210	260	30	0	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	45	25	15	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	21,350	9,970	11,375	1,080	545	535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	10,480	4,880	5,600	515	250	270
Education	930	280	650	50	20	30
13. Education	930	280	650	55	20	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	445	200	245	15	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	70	25	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	355	130	225	0	0	0
Humanities	475	185	290	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	15	50	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	130	25	100	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100	30	70	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	40	25	0	0	0
54. History	60	35	25	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,000	350	650	30	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	25	65	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	270	20	255	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	110	45	65	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	190	65	120	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	320	190	125	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	2,030	600	1,430	135	40	90
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	25	140	10	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,855	570	1,285	125	35	85
Physical and life sciences and technologies	265	150	115	15	15	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	60	70	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	35	30	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	60	55	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	90	85	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	65	50	15	15	0
25. Library science	10	10	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	20	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,310	2,155	155	155	150	0
04. Architecture and related services	20	15	0	0	0	10
14. Engineering	230	205	25	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	410	360	50	40	40	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	715	685	30	55	50	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	685	650	35	35	35	0
48. Precision production	240	240	10	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	250	160	90	20	15	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	135	85	50	15	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	75	35	10	0	10
Health and related fields	2,005	305	1,695	60	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	125	50	75	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,865	245	1,620	65	0	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	15	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	985	605	380	45	20	30
12. Personal and culinary services	520	195	325	30	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	40	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	125	100	25	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	275	255	25	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	12,550	5,740	6,810	800	400	395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,345	2,605	2,740	345	175	170
Education	525	135	390	35	10	35
13. Education	525	135	390	40	10	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	320	125	195	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	40	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	265	85	180	10	0	10
Humanities	305	115	195	0	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	10	35	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	75	20	55	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	20	55	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	25	20	0	0	0
54. History	30	20	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	655	160	500	30	10	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	15	65	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	195	15	180	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	70	15	55	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	110	10	95	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	195	100	90	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	1,345	370	975	120	45	75
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	20	115	0	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,205	350	855	115	35	75
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	95	80	0	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	45	45	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	25	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	35	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	65	65	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	60	40	15	20	0
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,420	1,305	115	120	110	10
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	135	115	20	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	220	180	40	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	480	455	25	45	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	440	405	30	30	30	0
48. Precision production	140	140	0	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	105	70	15	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	85	45	40	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	60	25	10	0	10
Health and related fields	1,450	240	1,210	55	10	50
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	90	35	55	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,350	195	1,155	55	10	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	705	430	270	30	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	385	165	220	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	115	85	25	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	170	145	25	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	21,350	9,970	11,375	1,080	545	535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,475	4,880	5,600	520	250	270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	10,870	5,095	5,775	565	295	270
Location of study inside Canada	9,520	4,405	5,115	535	280	255
Same as province or territory of residence	5,985	2,660	3,330	500	270	225
Different than province or territory of residence	3,535	1,750	1,785	35	0	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,350	690	660	30	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	310	175	140	0	0	0
Philippines	65	15	45	0	0	0
India	75	35	35	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	420	215	200	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	10	20	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	440	225	210	10	0	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	12,550	5,745	6,810	795	400	400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,345	2,605	2,740	345	175	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,205	3,140	4,070	445	225	230
Location of study inside Canada	6,540	2,825	3,715	420	210	210
Same as province or territory of residence	4,390	1,830	2,560	390	205	185
Different than province or territory of residence	2,150	1,000	1,155	30	0	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	665	310	355	25	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	140	65	75	0	0	10
Philippines	65	20	50	0	0	0
India	50	30	25	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	130	70	60	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	25	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	245	120	125	10	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	21,345	9,970	11,375	1,075	545	535
In the labour force	11,885	5,925	5,960	830	435	400
Employed	10,880	5,370	5,510	785	405	380
Unemployed	1,005	555	445	50	30	20
Not in the labour force	9,465	4,050	5,420	250	110	135
Participation rate	55.7	59.4	52.4	77.2	79.8	74.8
Employment rate	51.0	53.9	48.4	73.0	74.3	71.0
Unemployment rate	8.5	9.4	7.5	6.0	6.9	5.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	21,350	9,970	11,375	1,080	545	535
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	8,725	3,700	5,025	215	95	120
Worked	12,620	6,270	6,355	865	450	415
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,065	2,765	2,295	515	285	230
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	7,555	3,505	4,050	345	165	185
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.6	40.9	40.2	44.6	43.9	45.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	11,885	5,925	5,955	830	430	400
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	225	135	90	0	0	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	11,655	5,785	5,870	825	435	395
Employee	10,285	5,000	5,285	750	385	360
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,370	785	585	75	45	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	11,880	5,925	5,955	835	430	400
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	225	140	90	10	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	11,655	5,785	5,865	825	430	395
0 Management occupations	1,200	755	450	115	65	55
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,240	335	910	140	45	100
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	550	430	115	20	15	10
3 Health occupations	865	160	710	50	10	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,370	465	910	130	55	75
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	255	75	180	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	3,635	1,365	2,270	200	95	105
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,805	1,645	160	125	120	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	525	405	125	30	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	210	160	50	10	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	11,880	5,925	5,955	835	430	400
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	225	140	90	10	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	11,650	5,790	5,870	825	435	395
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	545	390	155	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	140	130	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	20	20	0	20	15	0
23 Construction	1,005	865	135	105	90	15
31-33 Manufacturing	370	265	105	40	40	0
41 Wholesale trade	180	150	30	40	35	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,040	855	1,180	105	35	65
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	510	325	185	30	15	15
51 Information and cultural industries	145	80	70	40	20	20
52 Finance and insurance	355	125	230	60	0	55
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	210	115	100	10	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	465	225	235	20	0	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	515	315	195	30	25	10
61 Educational services	710	200	515	75	35	40
62 Health care and social assistance	1,515	285	1,230	100	25	80
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	330	165	170	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,205	455	745	45	25	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	485	215	275	25	10	15
91 Public administration	910	615	295	70	40	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,880	5,370	5,510	785	405	380
Worked at home	610	270	345	55	25	35
Worked outside Canada	35	35	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,670	1,235	435	75	65	15
Worked at usual place	8,560	3,830	4,730	650	315	335
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	8,560	3,830	4,725	650	315	330
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,250	2,175	3,075	60	35	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,375	1,100	1,275	35	10	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	735	390	345	555	270	285
Commute to a different province or territory	200	165	30	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	10,230	5,070	5,160	730	380	345
Car, truck, van - as a driver	7,845	3,840	4,010	665	360	300
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	630	315	315	40	15	30
Public transit	315	110	210	0	10	0
Walked	780	345	435	20	0	15
Bicycle	370	250	120	0	0	0
Other method	285	215	75	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	10,225	5,070	5,160	725	380	350
Less than 15 minutes	5,750	2,605	3,150	80	30	45
15 to 29 minutes	2,930	1,485	1,450	265	130	135
30 to 44 minutes	670	370	300	245	145	100
45 to 59 minutes	410	235	175	95	50	45
60 minutes and over	465	375	85	40	20	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	10,230	5,070	5,160	730	380	350
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	585	395	190	40	40	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,690	1,015	675	155	110	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,450	1,370	1,080	255	95	155
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,355	990	1,365	155	75	85
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,435	535	900	60	25	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,715	770	950	65	40	25
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	13,020	6,445	6,580	895	460	440
Single responses	12,995	6,425	6,570	885	450	435
Official languages	12,850	6,355	6,495	880	450	430
English	12,790	6,335	6,450	835	425	400
French	65	15	45	50	20	25
Non-official languages	145	75	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	140	75	65	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	20	10	10	10	0
English and French	10	10	10	10	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	13,020	6,440	6,580	900	460	435
None	12,575	6,215	6,360	795	415	380
English	100	35	65	35	20	15
French	210	135	75	65	30	35
Non-official language	135	60	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	130	60	70	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	24,760	11,745	13,020	1,350	695	655
Non-movers	20,480	9,625	10,855	1,205	620	585
Movers	4,290	2,120	2,170	140	75	65
Non-migrants	2,240	1,060	1,180	45	25	15
Migrants	2,045	1,060	990	100	50	45
Internal migrants	1,910	995	920	100	50	50
Intraprovincial migrants	1,300	665	630	95	50	50
Interprovincial migrants	615	320	290	0	0	0
External migrants	135	65	65	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	23,815	11,315	12,505	1,285	660	625
Non-movers	12,720	5,895	6,825	800	410	390
Movers	11,090	5,415	5,675	485	250	235
Non-migrants	5,290	2,575	2,710	120	65	60
Migrants	5,805	2,840	2,960	360	185	175
Internal migrants	5,250	2,555	2,695	355	180	175
Intraprovincial migrants	3,435	1,590	1,840	320	155	160
Interprovincial migrants	1,820	970	850	40	25	15
External migrants	550	280	270	0	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Courtenay, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Courtenay, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Courtenay, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Courtenay, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba