Census Profile, 2016 Census
Squamish-Lillooet, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Squamish-Lillooet, RD British Columbia [Census division]			Keremeos British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Squamish-Lillooet, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : Squamish-Lillooet, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	42,665	...	...	1,714	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	38,173 ^r	...	...	1,479^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	11.8	...	...	15.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	23,965	...	...	874	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	16,416	...	...	816	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.6	...	...	602.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	16,311.62	...	...	2.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	42,665	22,060	20,610	1,715	825	890
0 to 14 years	7,380	3,770	3,610	180	90	90
0 to 4 years	2,585	1,260	1,330	50	25	25
5 to 9 years	2,615	1,380	1,240	60	30	35
10 to 14 years	2,180	1,135	1,045	70	40	25
15 to 64 years	30,765	15,980	14,780	775	370	405
15 to 19 years	2,030	1,095	930	70	35	35
20 to 24 years	2,540	1,390	1,150	30	15	15
25 to 29 years	3,310	1,780	1,530	50	25	25
30 to 34 years	4,075	2,030	2,050	55	25	25
35 to 39 years	3,930	1,960	1,970	60	30	30
40 to 44 years	3,705	1,945	1,760	55	25	30
45 to 49 years	3,225	1,700	1,525	65	30	35
50 to 54 years	2,965	1,530	1,435	100	50	50
55 to 59 years	2,670	1,360	1,310	125	55	70
60 to 64 years	2,315	1,190	1,120	165	75	90
65 years and over	4,525	2,305	2,220	765	365	395
65 to 69 years	1,835	965	870	230	105	125
70 to 74 years	1,185	650	535	175	85	90
75 to 79 years	690	335	355	135	75	60
80 to 84 years	430	195	230	110	60	45
85 years and over	385	160	225	105	35	70
85 to 89 years	235	110	125	65	20	40
90 to 94 years	110	35	75	30	10	20
95 to 99 years	35	10	25	10	5	10
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.3	17.1	17.5	10.5	10.9	10.1
15 to 64 years	72.1	72.4	71.7	45.2	44.8	45.5
65 years and over	10.6	10.4	10.8	44.6	44.2	44.4
85 years and over	0.9	0.7	1.1	6.1	4.2	7.9
Average age of the population	37.8	37.7	37.9	55.2	54.3	56.1
Median age of the population	37.5	37.4	37.5	62.3	61.7	62.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	16,415	...	...	815	...	...
Single-detached house	7,835	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	165	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,715	...	...	145	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,085	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	2,945	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,060	...	...	55	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,590	...	...	30	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	700	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	16,415	...	...	815	...	...
1 person	4,020	...	...	260	...	...
2 persons	5,695	...	...	410	...	...
3 persons	2,820	...	...	65	...	...
4 persons	2,490	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	1,390	...	...	30	...	...
Number of persons in private households	41,585	...	...	1,660	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	35,285	18,285	16,995	1,535	735	800
Married or living common law	20,800	10,430	10,375	975	485	490
Married	14,745	7,410	7,335	850	420	430
Living common law	6,055	3,020	3,040	120	60	60
Not married and not living common law	14,480	7,860	6,625	560	250	310
Never married	10,650	6,270	4,380	225	130	95
Separated	940	440	500	40	20	20
Divorced	1,810	875	935	125	60	60
Widowed	1,085	275	810	170	40	130
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	11,610	...	...	550	...	...
2 persons	6,105	...	...	430	...	...
3 persons	2,475	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	2,320	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	705	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	11,605	...	...	545	...	...
Total couple families	10,105	...	...	475	...	...
Married couples	7,080	...	...	415	...	...
Common-law couples	3,030	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,500	...	...	70	...	...
Female parent	1,085	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	420	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	10,110	...	...	475	...	...
Couples without children	5,155	...	...	375	...	...
Couples with children	4,950	...	...	100	...	...
1 child	2,050	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	2,230	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	675	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,500	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	950	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	430	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	125	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,970	5,100	3,875	340	145	195
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	16,415	...	...	815	...	...
One-census-family households	10,785	...	...	525	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,755	...	...	365	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,030	...	...	160	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	400	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,230	...	...	285	...	...
One-person households	4,020	...	...	255	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,215	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	42,565	22,010	20,560	1,680	815	865
English only	37,030	19,405	17,625	1,575	765	805
French only	25	15	15	0	0	5
English and French	5,260	2,485	2,770	75	35	40
Neither English nor French	255	110	150	25	15	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	42,565	22,010	20,560	1,680	815	870
English	40,915	21,155	19,760	1,615	780	830
French	1,300	705	595	35	15	20
English and French	100	50	55	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	255	105	145	30	15	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,350	730	620	40	20	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.2	3.3	3.0	2.4	2.5	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	42,570	22,010	20,560	1,680	815	865
Single responses	41,820	21,645	20,175	1,665	800	855
Official languages	36,565	19,150	17,415	1,480	720	765
English	35,220	18,430	16,790	1,435	695	740
French	1,340	725	620	40	20	25
Non-official languages	5,260	2,495	2,765	180	90	90
Aboriginal languages	290	145	140	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	270	140	130	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	230	115	120	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,965	2,345	2,620	175	85	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	660	295	365	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	0	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	550	255	300	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,345	1,655	1,690	155	80	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	565	275	290	25	5	15
Baltic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	550	270	280	25	5	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	165	85	80	5	5	5
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	135	65	70	5	0	0
Russian	100	50	45	5	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	70	35	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	20	20	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	980	480	500	50	30	20
Afrikaans	30	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	50	30	20	0	0	0
Dutch	150	75	75	15	10	5
Frisian	5	5	5	0	0	0
German	650	320	325	35	15	15
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	60	20	40	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,200	615	580	60	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages	1,155	595	560	60	35	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	5	0
Hindi	45	30	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,090	550	540	55	30	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	575	275	300	15	10	10
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	100	50	50	5	0	0
Portuguese	80	30	45	10	5	5
Romanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Spanish	360	175	185	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	400	145	255	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	100	50	55	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	250	105	145	5	0	5
Chinese languages	250	105	145	0	0	5
Cantonese	80	35	50	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	45	70	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	5	20	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	25	5	15	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	90	40	50	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	10	0	5	0
Hungarian	65	25	35	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	745	365	385	20	10	10
English and French	205	115	95	5	0	0
English and non-official language	495	230	260	15	10	5
French and non-official language	25	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	42,570	22,010	20,560	1,680	810	870
Single responses	41,540	21,510	20,025	1,655	800	855
Official languages	39,320	20,400	18,925	1,575	760	815
English	38,765	20,090	18,670	1,560	755	805
French	555	305	250	20	5	10
Non-official languages	2,220	1,115	1,105	80	40	40
Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	5	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,195	1,105	1,090	80	40	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	320	165	150	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	285	155	135	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,420	700	725	75	35	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	145	80	65	0	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	145	80	65	0	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	15	0	0	5
Serbian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	35	20	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	135	60	75	15	5	5
Afrikaans	15	10	10	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	15	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	35	40	5	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	875	440	435	55	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	865	435	430	50	30	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	5
Hindi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	835	420	415	50	30	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	260	110	150	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	15	25	10	5	0
Romanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	175	75	100	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	210	105	110	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	35	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	120	60	55	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	35	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	5	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,030	500	530	25	10	15
English and French	105	50	55	0	0	0
English and non-official language	900	440	460	25	10	10
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	42,570	22,010	20,560	1,675	815	865
None	38,050	19,845	18,205	1,590	760	825
English	1,220	620	600	25	15	15
French	1,005	505	500	15	10	0
Non-official language	2,215	1,010	1,210	50	25	25
Aboriginal	415	210	210	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,800	800	1,000	45	20	20
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	5	5	10	5	5
French and non-official language	55	20	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	34,235	17,685	16,550	1,485	710	765
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,485	17,315	16,175	1,440	695	745
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,599	41,419	30,718	23,592	27,392	21,365
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,520	17,335	16,180	1,445	700	745
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,638	35,848	28,151	22,528	25,328	20,944
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	31,210	16,315	14,895	1,190	590	600
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,120	40,170	29,042	16,907	20,800	13,536
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,470	10,400	12,075	1,235	575	660
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,384	1,157	3,269	12,395	13,968	11,456
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,155	14,850	13,300	760	390	375
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,408	38,151	27,608	15,760	15,019	16,096
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	34,235	17,720	16,515	1,420	695	730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,435	17,325	16,115	1,390	680	715
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,006	55,411	40,045	31,448	37,909	25,322
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,475	17,355	16,115	1,390	675	715
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,536	44,338	34,364	27,948	33,069	23,091
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,245	16,365	14,875	1,165	590	580
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,179	55,055	38,513	26,002	32,132	19,733
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,530	10,415	12,115	1,230	570	655
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,821	5,647	5,971	11,030	11,949	10,239
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,155	14,870	13,285	730	385	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,351	50,559	35,285	27,746	32,764	22,221
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	34,235	17,720	16,515	1,420	690	730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,695	6,725	4,975	195	120	80
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,389	57,251	44,892	46,436	52,314	39,697
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	62,937	72,304	50,280	50,190	55,957	41,495
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.8	93.9	88.6	69.2	72.2	64.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	76.9	79.0	73.7	44.2	45.4	42.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.2	6.1	11.4	31.1	27.5	35.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	34,235	17,685	16,550	1,480	710	770
Without total income	750	375	375	40	15	20
With total income	33,485	17,310	16,170	1,440	695	745
Percentage with total income	97.8	97.9	97.7	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,020	2,355	2,660	180	75	105
$10,000 to $19,999	4,845	2,105	2,735	410	165	245
$20,000 to $29,999	4,550	2,025	2,525	305	145	165
$30,000 to $39,999	4,025	1,900	2,120	165	85	85
$40,000 to $49,999	3,580	1,800	1,780	115	60	55
$50,000 to $59,999	2,770	1,480	1,290	100	65	35
$60,000 to $69,999	2,180	1,270	905	65	35	30
$70,000 to $79,999	1,605	995	610	25	20	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,275	785	490	20	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	845	560	285	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	2,800	2,030	770	35	30	5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,890	1,345	550	25	25	5
$150,000 and over	910	685	225	10	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	34,240	17,685	16,550	1,485	715	770
Without after-tax income	715	345	375	40	15	25
With after-tax income	33,520	17,335	16,180	1,445	700	745
Percentage with after-tax income	97.9	98.0	97.8	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,185	2,450	2,735	195	80	115
$10,000 to $19,999	5,225	2,345	2,880	420	180	240
$20,000 to $29,999	5,510	2,550	2,960	330	150	180
$30,000 to $39,999	4,725	2,265	2,460	185	95	90
$40,000 to $49,999	3,900	2,045	1,850	125	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	2,815	1,610	1,205	85	50	35
$60,000 to $69,999	1,950	1,180	770	45	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,385	890	495	25	15	10
$80,000 and over	2,830	2,005	825	35	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	915	620	295	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	540	380	160	5	10	0
$100,000 and over	1,375	1,005	370	20	10	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	34,235	17,685	16,550	1,485	710	770
Without employment income	6,080	2,830	3,250	725	325	395
With employment income	28,155	14,850	13,305	765	385	375
Percentage with employment income	82.2	84.0	80.4	51.5	54.2	48.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,795	1,800	2,000	220	105	110
$5,000 to $9,999	2,115	1,015	1,100	90	50	40
$10,000 to $19,999	3,770	1,720	2,050	125	65	60
$20,000 to $29,999	3,590	1,660	1,930	80	35	45
$30,000 to $39,999	3,190	1,525	1,670	70	30	40
$40,000 to $49,999	2,755	1,385	1,370	45	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	2,130	1,140	990	35	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	1,670	1,035	640	35	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,320	845	475	15	15	5
$80,000 and over	3,815	2,740	1,075	50	35	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,015	640	380	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	685	485	205	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,110	1,615	495	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	16,420	...	...	815	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,581	...	...	43,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,335	...	...	41,344	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,020	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,566	...	...	23,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,034	...	...	23,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	12,395	...	...	560	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,199	...	...	55,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,569	...	...	50,603	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	16,415	...	...	795	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	97,782	...	...	54,946	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,620	...	...	48,829	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,995	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,117	...	...	31,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,669	...	...	28,538	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	12,420	...	...	540	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	113,776	...	...	66,256	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,808	...	...	58,603	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	16,415	...	...	815	...	...
Under $5,000	370	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	220	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	385	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	490	...	...	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	555	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	585	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	555	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	550	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	590	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	590	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,200	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,210	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,080	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,025	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	970	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,055	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,025	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,445	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,440	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,145	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,415	...	...	815	...	...
Under $5,000	385	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	225	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	395	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	525	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	650	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	690	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	635	...	...	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	700	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	695	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	765	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,425	...	...	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,345	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,265	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,200	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,045	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,470	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,930	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,095	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,445	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	11,430	...	...	545	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,493	...	...	54,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,010	...	...	50,475	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,785	...	...	355	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,380	...	...	50,720	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,469	...	...	47,488	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,950	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,328	...	...	87,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,205	...	...	79,360	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,385	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,800	...	...	42,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,197	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	11,455	...	...	510	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,909	...	...	66,078	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,556	...	...	58,397	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,805	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	105,702	...	...	60,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,461	...	...	54,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,960	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,071	...	...	97,047	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,708	...	...	82,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,355	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,573	...	...	46,758	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,336	...	...	43,162	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,130	4,690	3,440	300	130	175
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,297	31,584	28,398	23,501	23,328	23,872
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,261	28,296	26,240	23,040	22,848	23,360
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	8,045	4,660	3,390	335	145	195
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,782	40,104	36,965	30,027	31,363	29,031
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,739	33,624	31,522	27,173	27,821	26,689
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	41,585	21,440	20,145	1,660	805	855
In the bottom half of the distribution	20,390	10,460	9,925	1,200	580	625
In the bottom decile	5,080	2,670	2,405	215	105	115
In the second decile	3,775	1,900	1,870	320	150	170
In the third decile	3,695	1,905	1,785	235	115	120
In the fourth decile	3,750	1,900	1,845	210	105	110
In the fifth decile	4,100	2,085	2,010	215	105	110
In the top half of the distribution	21,190	10,975	10,220	455	225	230
In the sixth decile	4,055	2,085	1,965	160	80	80
In the seventh decile	4,310	2,220	2,085	95	45	50
In the eighth decile	4,460	2,310	2,150	70	35	35
In the ninth decile	4,265	2,230	2,035	80	40	35
In the top decile	4,110	2,130	1,985	55	30	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	38,400	19,780	18,625	1,660	805	855
0 to 17 years	7,780	4,005	3,775	220	120	105
0 to 5 years	2,885	1,425	1,460	60	30	30
18 to 64 years	26,745	13,750	12,995	725	340	385
65 years and over	3,875	2,025	1,850	715	350	370
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,340	2,155	2,190	385	180	205
0 to 17 years	1,005	505	495	65	40	20
0 to 5 years	325	155	165	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	2,910	1,460	1,445	165	65	100
65 years and over	430	185	245	155	75	85
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.3	10.9	11.8	23.2	22.4	24.0
0 to 17 years (%)	12.9	12.6	13.1	29.5	33.3	19.0
0 to 5 years (%)	11.3	10.9	11.3	25.0	33.3	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	10.9	10.6	11.1	22.8	19.1	26.0
65 years and over (%)	11.1	9.1	13.2	21.7	21.4	23.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,765	1,490	1,270	110	50	60
0 to 17 years	445	240	205	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	120	65	55	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,235	1,205	1,025	75	35	45
65 years and over	90	45	40	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.2	7.5	6.8	6.6	6.2	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.7	6.0	5.4	6.8	4.2	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	4.2	4.6	3.8	8.3	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.4	8.8	7.9	10.3	10.3	11.7
65 years and over (%)	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.1	1.4	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	41,585	21,440	20,145	1,580	795	785
Official languages	41,330	21,325	20,010	1,560	780	780
English	41,315	21,320	19,995	1,560	780	780
French	5,150	2,510	2,645	45	15	25
Non-official languages	7,930	3,885	4,045	220	100	120
Aboriginal languages	755	385	365	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	715	370	345	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	615	320	300	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	45	20	25	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	50	30	15	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,195	3,500	3,690	215	95	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	35	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	45	15	25	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	830	365	465	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	15	35	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	10	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	760	325	430	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	20	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,075	2,515	2,565	200	95	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	680	330	345	35	10	25
Baltic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	655	320	340	35	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	15	15	10	10	10
Czech	205	115	95	15	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	60	55	0	0	0
Russian	125	50	75	0	0	10
Serbian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	105	55	45	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	85	30	55	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,685	870	815	80	35	50
Afrikaans	115	55	60	0	0	0
Danish	65	35	25	0	0	0
Dutch	195	100	95	20	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,205	630	570	60	30	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Swedish	150	65	85	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	25	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,290	660	630	80	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	1,260	645	615	60	35	20
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	180	100	85	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,160	610	550	55	35	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	10	20	0	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	20	0	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,555	725	830	10	10	0
Catalan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	190	90	100	0	0	0
Portuguese	120	50	70	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	1,315	620	695	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	580	290	285	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	135	70	65	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
American Sign Language	45	30	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	275	110	165	0	0	0
Chinese languages	270	105	160	0	0	0
Cantonese	100	25	70	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	135	55	80	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	30	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	15	30	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	40	15	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	115	55	60	10	0	0
Estonian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	20	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	60	25	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	41,585	21,440	20,145	1,580	790	785
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	37,230	19,140	18,095	1,565	790	780
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,335	4,280	4,050	190	120	70
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	28,905	14,855	14,045	1,375	665	710
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,350	2,305	2,050	15	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	41,580	21,440	20,145	1,580	795	785
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	32,955	16,980	15,970	1,355	705	650
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,000	3,510	3,495	215	80	130
Before 1981	1,895	1,025	870	140	45	95
1981 to 1990	570	260	310	25	10	10
1991 to 2000	1,040	490	550	30	25	0
2001 to 2010	1,820	860	960	20	10	15
2001 to 2005	780	325	460	20	10	10
2006 to 2010	1,040	540	500	0	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,675	865	815	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,630	950	680	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,005	3,505	3,500	215	85	130
Under 5 years	725	400	330	30	20	0
5 to 14 years	950	520	430	40	0	35
15 to 24 years	1,325	660	665	70	25	45
25 to 44 years	3,495	1,690	1,805	60	15	45
45 years and over	505	235	270	15	15	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,000	3,505	3,495	215	85	130
Americas	890	435	455	40	20	20
Brazil	35	10	25	0	0	0
Colombia	30	25	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	115	40	70	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	565	285	280	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	115	60	55	0	10	0
Europe	3,100	1,650	1,450	120	45	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	95	65	30	0	10	0
Germany	365	170	195	30	10	20
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Italy	55	35	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	110	60	50	10	0	10
Poland	80	45	30	0	0	0
Portugal	15	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	40	25	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	20	20	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,580	885	700	45	15	35
Other places of birth in Europe	605	285	320	30	20	10
Africa	205	90	110	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	130	45	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	15	0	0	0
Asia	2,220	995	1,215	50	20	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	130	40	90	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	55	30	25	0	0	0
India	755	375	375	25	20	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	270	100	175	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	105	55	50	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	20	0	0	0	0
Philippines	705	315	390	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	125	30	95	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	600	335	265	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,675	865	810	0	0	0
Americas	170	65	100	0	0	0
Brazil	20	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	105	50	60	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	15	0	0	0
Europe	700	410	290	0	0	0
France	35	15	15	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	425	270	150	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	180	90	90	0	0	0
Africa	75	30	40	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	15	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	500	210	290	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	105	55	50	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	45	15	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	0	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	270	105	160	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	235	150	90	0	0	0
Australia	200	120	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	41,585	21,435	20,145	1,580	795	785
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,220	4,790	4,430	240	95	145
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	8,540	4,355	4,190	380	200	185
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	23,820	12,300	11,525	960	505	460
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,210	2,535	2,675	75	40	35
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,950	1,580	1,365	15	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,695	990	700	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,255	595	665	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,140	870	1,265	60	30	30
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	120	85	35	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	41,580	21,440	20,145	1,585	795	790
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,060	2,565	2,490	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	4,975	2,525	2,455	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	4,280	2,175	2,105	20	10	10
Métis	685	340	345	40	15	20
Inuk (Inuit)	10	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	70	35	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	36,525	18,870	17,655	1,520	765	760
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	41,585	21,435	20,145	1,580	795	785
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,970	2,045	1,925	25	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	37,615	19,390	18,225	1,555	785	780
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	41,585	21,435	20,145	1,585	795	785
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	3,170	1,605	1,570	20	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	3,155	1,600	1,560	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	3,090	1,565	1,525	20	0	10
Métis single ancestry	70	35	35	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,295	1,175	1,125	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,240	1,145	1,095	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,565	810	755	15	10	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	660	325	335	45	25	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	55	30	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	20	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	36,115	18,665	17,455	1,505	755	745
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	41,585	21,440	20,145	1,580	795	790
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,455	2,115	2,340	110	65	50
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,495	800	690	60	35	20
Chinese	405	170	230	0	0	0
Black	180	80	100	10	15	0
Filipino	1,025	445	580	0	0	10
Latin American	250	105	150	0	0	0
Arab	35	15	20	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	130	45	85	0	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	35	20	15	20	10	15
Korean	145	65	80	0	0	0
Japanese	655	305	345	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	10	10	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	85	55	30	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	37,130	19,320	17,805	1,465	735	735
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	41,580	21,440	20,145	1,580	795	785
North American Aboriginal origins	5,465	2,775	2,690	75	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,720	2,400	2,315	35	15	15
Inuit	20	15	10	0	0	0
Métis	800	385	410	45	25	20
Other North American origins	10,495	5,365	5,135	445	220	220
Acadian	20	0	15	0	0	0
American	795	380	415	50	25	30
Canadian	9,860	5,060	4,805	400	195	200
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	40	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	30	25	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	30,615	15,855	14,765	1,310	650	665
British Isles origins	22,430	11,485	10,940	880	410	470
Channel Islander	25	10	20	0	0	0
Cornish	0	10	0	0	0	0
English	13,695	7,045	6,655	620	270	345
Irish	7,690	3,725	3,965	315	115	200
Manx	35	15	20	0	0	0
Scottish	9,830	4,930	4,900	385	185	205
Welsh	1,230	585	640	50	10	40
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,760	940	830	25	10	10
French origins	4,390	2,265	2,125	215	120	95
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,385	2,260	2,120	210	115	95
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,190	4,050	4,140	425	225	200
Austrian	645	325	320	25	15	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	205	120	90	0	0	10
Dutch	1,905	910	995	90	45	45
Flemish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	5,685	2,820	2,870	305	170	135
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	425	230	190	25	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,590	1,710	1,880	205	85	115
Danish	610	265	345	30	10	20
Finnish	350	170	175	60	35	25
Icelandic	320	170	155	20	10	15
Norwegian	1,185	585	605	40	15	20
Swedish	1,260	545	710	65	30	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	155	85	65	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	5,170	2,575	2,600	280	145	135
Bulgarian	15	0	15	10	0	10
Byelorussian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	485	265	215	25	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	90	40	50	10	0	10
Estonian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	480	210	270	10	10	10
Latvian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Lithuanian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	1,465	705	755	30	15	20
Romanian	185	100	85	30	15	10
Russian	920	460	460	80	35	50
Slovak	225	85	135	10	10	0
Ukrainian	1,840	935	905	155	80	70
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,215	1,640	1,580	70	45	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	150	60	95	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	160	75	85	10	10	0
Italian	1,900	980	920	30	25	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	290	175	115	15	0	10
Serbian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	55	20	40	0	0	0
Spanish	660	310	345	10	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	55	40	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	465	250	215	10	0	0
Basque	30	15	10	0	0	0
Jewish	185	85	100	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	240	145	95	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	160	75	85	10	15	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	55	20	40	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	15	10	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	505	235	270	0	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0	10	0
Arawak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Chilean	75	40	40	0	0	0
Colombian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	215	95	120	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	370	190	180	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	80	40	40	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	185	105	85	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	160	85	75	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	95	30	60	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	30	0	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	65	25	35	0	0	0
Asian origins	4,430	2,110	2,315	110	50	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	240	110	130	20	10	15
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	60	30	35	20	0	15
Iraqi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Israeli	35	20	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	80	25	50	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	0	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,550	835	715	65	35	25
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,330	695	640	65	35	30
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	155	95	60	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	45	25	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,665	1,170	1,495	25	0	15
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	590	260	325	0	0	0
Filipino	1,085	470	610	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	55	10	45	0	0	0
Japanese	780	355	425	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	160	70	90	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	0	15	10	10	10
Singaporean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	35	0	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	1,080	620	460	10	10	0
Australian	760	455	305	10	0	10
New Zealander	275	135	135	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	95	50	45	10	10	0
Fijian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Maori	20	15	15	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	16,415	...	...	800	...	...
Owner	11,520	...	...	625	...	...
Renter	4,635	...	...	175	...	...
Band housing	260	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	16,415	...	...	800	...	...
Condominium	4,545	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	11,865	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	16,415	...	...	795	...	...
No bedrooms	140	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,090	...	...	70	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,030	...	...	315	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,855	...	...	295	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,305	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	16,420	...	...	795	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,145	...	...	225	...	...
5 rooms	2,655	...	...	210	...	...
6 rooms	2,465	...	...	135	...	...
7 rooms	1,965	...	...	90	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,185	...	...	130	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	16,420	...	...	795	...	...
One person or fewer per room	16,120	...	...	800	...	...
More than 1 person per room	295	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	16,415	...	...	795	...	...
Suitable	15,475	...	...	780	...	...
Not suitable	945	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	16,415	...	...	795	...	...
1960 or before	885	...	...	125	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,735	...	...	215	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,820	...	...	70	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,450	...	...	165	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,360	...	...	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,055	...	...	90	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,110	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	16,415	...	...	800	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	15,060	...	...	760	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,355	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	16,415	...	...	795	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,405	...	...	470	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,105	...	...	325	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	900	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	16,415	...	...	800	...	...
15 to 24 years	470	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,915	...	...	50	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,900	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,540	...	...	75	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,870	...	...	165	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,840	...	...	230	...	...
75 to 84 years	675	...	...	130	...	...
85 years and over	195	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	15,175	...	...	790	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,845	...	...	605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,330	...	...	185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,575	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,740	...	...	615	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	68.1	...	...	46.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	23.4	...	...	15.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,558	...	...	527	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,661	...	...	694	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	600,786	...	...	250,742	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	727,472	...	...	277,246	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,465	...	...	175	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.4	...	...	22.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.7	...	...	51.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,262	...	...	748	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,402	...	...	751	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	34,240	17,720	16,515	1,425	690	725
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,925	2,225	1,705	390	190	200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,590	5,160	4,425	410	200	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,720	10,335	10,380	625	305	320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,500	2,780	720	180	145	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,475	965	515	75	50	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,030	1,825	205	105	95	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,670	3,005	3,665	300	90	205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,370	480	890	50	20	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,175	4,065	5,110	100	45	50
Bachelor's degree	6,390	2,885	3,505	60	20	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	680	235	445	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	265	105	160	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,580	710	870	20	20	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	260	130	125	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	25,660	13,055	12,605	670	305	365
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,915	1,135	775	155	75	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,580	3,530	3,050	220	110	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,165	8,380	8,785	295	120	170
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,680	2,130	555	80	50	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,115	725	390	40	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,565	1,405	165	35	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,545	2,475	3,070	145	45	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,085	380	710	30	0	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,850	3,400	4,450	45	25	25
Bachelor's degree	5,535	2,505	3,030	35	10	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	570	175	395	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	230	80	150	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,320	570	755	0	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	195	70	125	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	34,235	17,720	16,515	1,420	695	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,520	7,385	6,130	800	390	410
Education	1,285	315	970	40	15	25
13. Education	1,290	310	975	40	15	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	995	390	605	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	150	115	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	850	280	570	10	0	0
Humanities	1,060	405	655	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	125	30	95	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	305	95	210	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	355	140	210	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	35	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	35	20	0	0	0
54. History	135	60	70	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,490	920	1,565	35	0	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	295	90	205	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	380	50	330	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	315	100	215	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	70	15	60	0	0	0
42. Psychology	355	95	265	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,025	565	460	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	4,110	1,590	2,520	100	25	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	200	30	165	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,910	1,560	2,350	85	25	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	770	365	405	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	380	90	290	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	80	50	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	210	160	45	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	30	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	595	405	190	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	450	335	115	0	0	0
25. Library science	50	0	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	55	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,020	3,730	290	170	165	10
04. Architecture and related services	210	155	60	10	10	0
14. Engineering	800	695	105	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	535	485	55	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,185	1,155	30	40	35	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	885	865	20	80	85	0
48. Precision production	405	375	25	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	865	535	330	65	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	310	160	155	40	15	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	555	375	180	20	20	0
Health and related fields	3,105	775	2,325	140	10	125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	665	360	305	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,410	410	2,000	130	10	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	10	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,410	900	510	45	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	875	410	470	35	15	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	120	110	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	405	375	35	10	0	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	25,655	13,050	12,605	665	305	365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,495	4,675	3,820	375	180	195
Education	1,010	255	755	20	0	20
13. Education	1,005	250	750	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	860	345	510	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	85	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	740	265	480	0	0	0
Humanities	875	340	535	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	100	25	75	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	250	85	160	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	295	115	180	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	25	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	30	15	0	0	0
54. History	105	55	50	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	10	25	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,145	750	1,390	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	260	75	190	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	340	40	295	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	260	70	195	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	15	45	0	0	0
42. Psychology	320	80	240	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	870	470	400	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	3,520	1,375	2,145	55	10	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	20	145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,350	1,350	2,000	50	0	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	645	295	345	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	325	80	240	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	55	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	175	130	45	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	25	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	515	350	165	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	420	310	110	0	0	0
25. Library science	40	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	35	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,080	2,825	255	85	75	0
04. Architecture and related services	200	140	60	0	10	0
14. Engineering	635	540	95	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	435	385	50	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	900	870	30	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	625	620	0	40	35	0
48. Precision production	280	265	20	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	705	415	285	20	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	225	105	125	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	480	315	170	10	10	0
Health and related fields	2,645	680	1,965	60	0	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	625	335	290	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	1,990	335	1,655	55	0	50
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	10	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,170	740	430	15	0	15
12. Personal and culinary services	760	365	400	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	90	85	10	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	305	285	20	10	0	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	34,235	17,720	16,515	1,420	690	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,515	7,385	6,135	800	390	410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	20,720	10,335	10,385	625	300	320
Location of study inside Canada	15,770	7,860	7,910	560	270	290
Same as province or territory of residence	10,280	5,135	5,145	405	200	210
Different than province or territory of residence	5,490	2,725	2,765	150	70	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,950	2,480	2,470	65	35	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	710	325	385	15	15	0
Philippines	415	165	255	10	0	0
India	200	120	80	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,235	695	540	20	10	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	55	20	40	0	0	0
France	75	45	25	0	0	0
Other	2,265	1,115	1,150	20	15	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	25,660	13,055	12,605	670	305	360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,490	4,670	3,820	380	185	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	17,165	8,380	8,780	295	120	175
Location of study inside Canada	13,125	6,415	6,710	280	115	165
Same as province or territory of residence	8,455	4,100	4,355	220	95	125
Different than province or territory of residence	4,665	2,315	2,355	60	25	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,040	1,965	2,075	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	570	245	325	0	0	0
Philippines	370	150	220	0	0	0
India	180	100	75	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	975	530	440	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	50	20	30	0	0	0
France	65	40	25	0	0	0
Other	1,835	880	955	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	34,235	17,720	16,515	1,420	690	730
In the labour force	25,910	14,000	11,910	615	340	270
Employed	24,335	13,085	11,255	515	295	220
Unemployed	1,575	920	660	95	40	55
Not in the labour force	8,330	3,720	4,605	810	350	455
Participation rate	75.7	79.0	72.1	43.3	49.3	37.0
Employment rate	71.1	73.8	68.2	36.3	42.8	30.1
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.6	5.5	15.4	11.8	20.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	34,240	17,720	16,515	1,420	690	730
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,100	3,230	3,865	775	365	410
Worked	27,140	14,490	12,645	645	330	315
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	12,095	7,000	5,095	210	130	85
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	15,040	7,490	7,550	435	205	235
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.4	41.4	37.1	38.2	35.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	25,910	14,000	11,910	615	340	270
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	220	125	95	20	25	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	25,690	13,875	11,820	590	320	275
Employee	21,545	11,320	10,225	480	250	235
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,145	2,555	1,590	110	65	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	25,910	14,000	11,910	610	340	275
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	220	125	95	25	25	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	25,690	13,875	11,815	590	315	270
0 Management occupations	3,535	2,125	1,410	50	40	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,990	740	2,245	75	15	60
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,480	1,075	400	20	15	0
3 Health occupations	1,515	250	1,260	45	0	45
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,255	700	1,560	50	0	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,420	780	640	0	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	7,165	3,395	3,770	120	55	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,145	3,890	255	130	105	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	830	605	225	70	45	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	360	300	60	35	20	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	25,910	14,000	11,910	615	340	275
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	220	125	90	25	25	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	25,690	13,875	11,815	590	315	275
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	720	520	200	65	40	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	180	145	30	15	15	0
22 Utilities	165	125	45	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,900	2,570	330	65	55	10
31-33 Manufacturing	785	575	210	45	45	10
41 Wholesale trade	395	270	125	20	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,480	1,225	1,255	70	35	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,135	850	290	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	480	290	195	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	545	205	340	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	645	310	340	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,875	965	915	35	15	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	25	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,280	675	605	10	0	15
61 Educational services	1,555	515	1,035	40	10	30
62 Health care and social assistance	2,165	310	1,850	70	0	65
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,295	800	500	15	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,660	2,330	2,330	40	15	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,000	445	555	40	35	0
91 Public administration	1,390	730	655	25	0	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	24,335	13,080	11,255	515	295	220
Worked at home	2,895	1,430	1,460	55	40	15
Worked outside Canada	130	80	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,130	3,240	890	100	60	40
Worked at usual place	17,185	8,330	8,850	370	200	165
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	17,185	8,330	8,850	370	200	170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,390	5,280	6,115	145	65	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,105	1,535	1,570	195	115	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,605	1,465	1,140	10	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	80	50	30	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	21,315	11,575	9,745	465	260	205
Car, truck, van - as a driver	15,085	8,435	6,650	385	215	170
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,435	675	765	20	0	10
Public transit	1,270	605	660	0	0	0
Walked	2,025	980	1,040	40	20	15
Bicycle	1,200	650	555	10	0	0
Other method	300	225	75	10	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	21,315	11,570	9,745	460	260	205
Less than 15 minutes	10,045	4,980	5,065	220	100	120
15 to 29 minutes	4,760	2,525	2,235	50	30	25
30 to 44 minutes	2,300	1,390	905	85	60	25
45 to 59 minutes	1,970	1,175	795	65	50	20
60 minutes and over	2,245	1,500	745	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	21,315	11,570	9,745	465	255	205
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,265	885	380	35	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,345	2,255	1,090	105	60	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,595	3,190	2,405	125	75	50
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,270	2,225	3,040	80	30	55
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,695	1,205	1,485	45	10	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,145	1,805	1,340	75	60	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	27,890	14,880	13,010	685	340	340
Single responses	27,675	14,755	12,920	685	340	340
Official languages	27,570	14,695	12,875	675	335	335
English	27,465	14,665	12,795	670	335	335
French	110	25	80	0	0	0
Non-official languages	105	60	45	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	10	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	55	40	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	20	30	10	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	15	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	210	125	85	0	0	0
English and French	75	45	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	130	75	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	27,890	14,875	13,010	685	345	340
None	26,395	14,110	12,285	660	335	330
English	130	55	75	0	0	0
French	750	400	350	10	0	0
Non-official language	545	285	260	10	10	0
Aboriginal	70	20	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	480	265	215	10	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	65	30	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	41,040	21,165	19,875	1,575	795	780
Non-movers	32,880	16,935	15,940	1,415	700	715
Movers	8,155	4,225	3,935	165	95	70
Non-migrants	4,030	2,035	1,990	85	50	30
Migrants	4,125	2,185	1,940	85	45	35
Internal migrants	3,080	1,635	1,445	80	45	35
Intraprovincial migrants	2,395	1,285	1,120	75	40	35
Interprovincial migrants	685	355	330	0	0	0
External migrants	1,040	545	495	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	39,005	20,185	18,825	1,530	765	765
Non-movers	20,040	10,405	9,635	950	485	465
Movers	18,965	9,775	9,190	585	285	300
Non-migrants	8,115	4,115	4,000	200	90	115
Migrants	10,855	5,660	5,195	385	195	190
Internal migrants	8,295	4,240	4,055	385	190	185
Intraprovincial migrants	6,190	3,125	3,070	290	145	150
Interprovincial migrants	2,105	1,120	985	90	50	45
External migrants	2,555	1,420	1,140	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Squamish-Lillooet, RD [Census division], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 13, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Squamish-Lillooet, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Squamish-Lillooet, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Squamish-Lillooet, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia