Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tsinstikeptum 9, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Smithers, Town [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Tsinstikeptum 9, IRI British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Smithers, T British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Tsinstikeptum 9, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Tsinstikeptum 9, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Smithers, Town [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	7,612	...	...	5,401	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,872 ^r	...	...	5,404	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	29.6	...	...	-0.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	3,846	...	...	2,389	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	3,649	...	...	2,291	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,103.6	...	...	353.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6.90	...	...	15.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	7,610	3,535	4,080	5,405	2,625	2,775
0 to 14 years	820	405	415	975	480	495
0 to 4 years	280	155	125	295	140	160
5 to 9 years	305	145	160	350	175	165
10 to 14 years	245	110	130	335	165	165
15 to 64 years	4,210	1,945	2,255	3,565	1,780	1,790
15 to 19 years	260	125	135	370	195	175
20 to 24 years	285	135	150	350	195	155
25 to 29 years	345	165	175	350	180	175
30 to 34 years	365	185	175	355	165	190
35 to 39 years	320	145	175	355	165	185
40 to 44 years	325	175	155	370	190	180
45 to 49 years	385	185	200	350	170	175
50 to 54 years	525	220	305	395	190	200
55 to 59 years	685	290	395	375	190	185
60 to 64 years	700	320	385	305	140	160
65 years and over	2,580	1,180	1,405	855	370	485
65 to 69 years	860	365	500	235	115	120
70 to 74 years	640	300	335	220	90	130
75 to 79 years	470	235	230	145	70	75
80 to 84 years	345	170	175	115	50	65
85 years and over	260	105	155	140	50	90
85 to 89 years	175	85	95	95	35	60
90 to 94 years	60	20	45	40	15	25
95 to 99 years	20	5	15	10	5	5
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.8	11.5	10.2	18.0	18.3	17.8
15 to 64 years	55.3	55.0	55.3	66.0	67.8	64.5
65 years and over	33.9	33.4	34.4	15.8	14.1	17.5
85 years and over	3.4	3.0	3.8	2.6	1.9	3.2
Average age of the population	50.8	50.0	51.5	39.8	38.8	40.7
Median age of the population	56.2	55.3	56.8	39.2	38.3	40.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	3,650	...	...	2,290	...	...
Single-detached house	1,230	...	...	1,520	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,070	...	...	655	...	...
Semi-detached house	460	...	...	120	...	...
Row house	90	...	...	90	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	490	...	...	390	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,350	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	3,645	...	...	2,290	...	...
1 person	1,190	...	...	765	...	...
2 persons	1,745	...	...	755	...	...
3 persons	355	...	...	320	...	...
4 persons	230	...	...	285	...	...
5 or more persons	125	...	...	165	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,365	...	...	5,290	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	6,790	3,130	3,660	4,425	2,150	2,275
Married or living common law	3,940	1,970	1,970	2,480	1,240	1,245
Married	3,155	1,580	1,575	2,000	995	1,005
Living common law	790	390	395	480	240	240
Not married and not living common law	2,850	1,160	1,690	1,940	915	1,030
Never married	1,265	655	605	1,195	685	515
Separated	275	100	175	145	55	90
Divorced	705	255	455	310	120	185
Widowed	600	140	460	300	55	240
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,330	...	...	1,450	...	...
2 persons	1,720	...	...	750	...	...
3 persons	330	...	...	285	...	...
4 persons	200	...	...	275	...	...
5 or more persons	80	...	...	135	...	...
Average size of census families	2.4	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,330	...	...	1,450	...	...
Total couple families	1,915	...	...	1,220	...	...
Married couples	1,520	...	...	980	...	...
Common-law couples	390	...	...	240	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	415	...	...	230	...	...
Female parent	335	...	...	180	...	...
Male parent	85	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,915	...	...	1,220	...	...
Couples without children	1,450	...	...	625	...	...
Couples with children	460	...	...	595	...	...
1 child	225	...	...	220	...	...
2 children	165	...	...	245	...	...
3 or more children	70	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	415	...	...	230	...	...
1 child	270	...	...	125	...	...
2 children	105	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,705	705	1,000	1,080	515	565
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	3,645	...	...	2,290	...	...
One-census-family households	2,235	...	...	1,425	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,420	...	...	610	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	815	...	...	810	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	45	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,365	...	...	855	...	...
One-person households	1,190	...	...	760	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	175	...	...	95	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	7,435	3,475	3,960	5,315	2,595	2,720
English only	7,045	3,285	3,760	4,925	2,415	2,505
French only	5	0	0	5	0	5
English and French	365	175	190	375	170	205
Neither English nor French	25	15	10	15	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	7,435	3,475	3,960	5,320	2,600	2,720
English	7,265	3,390	3,880	5,230	2,555	2,675
French	140	70	75	60	30	30
English and French	5	0	5	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	25	15	5	15	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	145	70	75	65	35	30
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	2.0	1.9	1.2	1.3	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	7,435	3,475	3,965	5,315	2,595	2,720
Single responses	7,385	3,455	3,930	5,255	2,565	2,690
Official languages	6,720	3,160	3,560	4,715	2,340	2,375
English	6,555	3,080	3,475	4,645	2,305	2,345
French	170	80	85	70	35	35
Non-official languages	660	290	370	540	225	315
Aboriginal languages	65	35	30	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	15	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	20	5	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	5	5	10	5	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	45	25	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	600	260	340	520	215	300
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	30	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	25	10	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	20	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	25	10	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	25	10	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	15	55	20	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	15	40	15	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	495	220	275	350	145	200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	110	45	65	30	15	15
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	105	40	65	35	15	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	5	5	5	0
Czech	5	0	5	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	5	10	0	10
Russian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	5	5
Ukrainian	45	10	30	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	285	125	160	240	100	135
Afrikaans	5	0	5	5	5	5
Danish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Dutch	50	25	25	105	45	60
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	210	90	125	105	45	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	5	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	15	15	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	10	10	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	5	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	10	5	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	40	40	60	25	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	30	10	20
Portuguese	10	5	5	15	10	5
Romanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	35	25	15	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	10	10	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	10	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sign languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	20	5	15
Chinese languages	10	5	5	20	5	10
Cantonese	0	5	0	5	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	20	20	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	5	0	5
Hungarian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	35	60	35	30
English and French	20	10	10	15	10	5
English and non-official language	35	15	20	45	20	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	7,435	3,475	3,960	5,315	2,595	2,720
Single responses	7,360	3,450	3,910	5,210	2,555	2,650
Official languages	7,255	3,400	3,855	5,065	2,495	2,570
English	7,220	3,380	3,840	5,035	2,480	2,560
French	35	20	20	30	20	15
Non-official languages	105	50	50	145	65	85
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	100	50	55	140	60	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	20	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	5	0	5	20	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	20	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	40	40	60	25	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	10	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	20	25	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	10	20	15	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	10	5	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	25	55	105	40	65
English and French	5	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	75	25	50	100	35	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	7,440	3,475	3,960	5,315	2,595	2,720
None	7,115	3,335	3,775	5,000	2,455	2,545
English	60	25	30	80	40	35
French	50	20	25	60	30	35
Non-official language	205	85	120	175	70	110
Aboriginal	25	10	15	10	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	180	75	105	165	65	100
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	6,540	3,015	3,525	4,315	2,110	2,210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,390	2,960	3,435	4,200	2,060	2,140
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,827	35,793	24,184	37,120	50,926	30,162
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,405	2,960	3,440	4,205	2,060	2,140
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,586	32,037	22,953	33,199	43,206	27,557
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,555	2,610	2,945	3,945	1,960	1,985
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,101	32,634	18,764	33,365	47,232	24,736
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,240	2,300	2,940	2,775	1,135	1,640
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,681	11,409	10,163	6,504	6,592	6,405
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,960	1,920	2,035	3,485	1,780	1,710
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,161	32,520	20,373	32,064	46,741	24,269
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	6,540	3,020	3,525	4,315	2,080	2,235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,405	2,960	3,440	4,195	2,040	2,155
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,287	43,072	30,448	46,132	56,199	36,613
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,410	2,965	3,440	4,195	2,040	2,160
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,498	36,618	27,083	38,957	46,210	32,107
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,465	2,560	2,910	3,930	1,905	2,020
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,909	40,397	26,326	43,510	55,209	32,478
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,275	2,345	2,935	2,725	1,130	1,600
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,922	10,329	9,597	8,255	8,203	8,291
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,960	1,940	2,020	3,490	1,750	1,735
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,902	38,803	27,226	41,344	51,976	30,630
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	6,540	3,015	3,525	4,315	2,080	2,235
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,510	775	735	1,400	835	570
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,842	50,879	41,611	60,393	67,952	41,844
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,958	58,074	43,512	63,895	72,259	51,707
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.9	81.7	73.0	88.3	91.8	83.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	55.8	59.0	51.9	75.3	79.7	68.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.2	18.2	27.0	11.6	8.0	17.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	6,540	3,015	3,525	4,315	2,105	2,210
Without total income	150	60	85	115	45	65
With total income	6,390	2,960	3,440	4,200	2,055	2,145
Percentage with total income	97.7	98.2	97.6	97.3	97.6	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	795	320	475	495	210	280
$10,000 to $19,999	1,390	470	925	630	235	395
$20,000 to $29,999	1,120	450	670	575	185	390
$30,000 to $39,999	870	375	500	540	205	340
$40,000 to $49,999	675	340	340	425	180	240
$50,000 to $59,999	495	285	205	360	195	160
$60,000 to $69,999	350	220	130	315	210	110
$70,000 to $79,999	235	175	65	265	185	80
$80,000 to $89,999	140	95	40	190	135	55
$90,000 to $99,999	75	45	30	115	85	25
$100,000 and over	245	185	55	300	235	60
$100,000 to $149,999	180	135	45	240	190	50
$150,000 and over	60	55	10	60	50	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,545	3,020	3,525	4,315	2,105	2,210
Without after-tax income	140	50	85	110	45	65
With after-tax income	6,405	2,965	3,440	4,200	2,060	2,140
Percentage with after-tax income	97.9	98.2	97.6	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	865	345	510	505	220	290
$10,000 to $19,999	1,460	510	950	690	255	435
$20,000 to $29,999	1,305	535	765	705	255	450
$30,000 to $39,999	960	430	525	575	215	355
$40,000 to $49,999	705	370	335	505	250	255
$50,000 to $59,999	450	300	150	435	295	140
$60,000 to $69,999	275	195	85	305	205	100
$70,000 to $79,999	130	90	40	185	135	50
$80,000 and over	255	190	60	300	230	65
$80,000 to $89,999	100	65	35	115	75	35
$90,000 to $99,999	40	30	10	55	40	15
$100,000 and over	110	95	20	130	110	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	6,540	3,015	3,520	4,315	2,105	2,210
Without employment income	2,585	1,090	1,485	825	325	500
With employment income	3,955	1,925	2,035	3,485	1,780	1,710
Percentage with employment income	60.5	63.8	57.8	80.8	84.6	77.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	840	395	435	570	270	300
$5,000 to $9,999	355	145	210	245	95	150
$10,000 to $19,999	565	205	360	450	155	295
$20,000 to $29,999	435	165	265	385	150	235
$30,000 to $39,999	470	200	270	345	135	205
$40,000 to $49,999	385	175	210	300	125	175
$50,000 to $59,999	280	170	115	230	130	100
$60,000 to $69,999	205	145	65	255	170	85
$70,000 to $79,999	135	95	45	215	165	55
$80,000 and over	295	230	70	490	380	105
$80,000 to $89,999	85	65	25	145	105	40
$90,000 to $99,999	55	40	10	105	80	25
$100,000 and over	160	125	35	235	200	40
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	3,650	...	...	2,290	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,742	...	...	74,610	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	48,075	...	...	64,839	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,190	...	...	765	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,301	...	...	37,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,016	...	...	33,536	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,455	...	...	1,530	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,389	...	...	93,227	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,488	...	...	80,526	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	3,650	...	...	2,290	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,653	...	...	84,461	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,329	...	...	71,372	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,185	...	...	765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,011	...	...	50,011	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,362	...	...	42,166	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,465	...	...	1,530	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,542	...	...	101,639	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,933	...	...	85,935	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	3,650	...	...	2,290	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...	55	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	160	...	...	90	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	210	...	...	105	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	180	...	...	90	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	215	...	...	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	240	...	...	85	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	245	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	330	...	...	165	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	340	...	...	175	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	270	...	...	170	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	245	...	...	160	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...	160	...	...
$100,000 and over	590	...	...	735	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	280	...	...	305	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	145	...	...	180	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	110	...	...	165	...	...
$200,000 and over	55	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,650	...	...	2,290	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...	60	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	165	...	...	95	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	235	...	...	130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	220	...	...	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	275	...	...	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	285	...	...	100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	265	...	...	105	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	225	...	...	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	395	...	...	200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	355	...	...	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	280	...	...	220	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	220	...	...	180	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	140	...	...	145	...	...
$100,000 and over	360	...	...	500	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	205	...	...	260	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	90	...	...	125	...	...
$150,000 and over	70	...	...	115	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,320	...	...	1,460	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,035	...	...	93,082	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,008	...	...	80,448	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,400	...	...	600	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,920	...	...	85,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,948	...	...	74,496	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	475	...	...	600	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,856	...	...	115,302	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	72,405	...	...	98,176	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	390	...	...	220	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,696	...	...	53,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,008	...	...	48,064	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,320	...	...	1,455	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,274	...	...	101,903	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,438	...	...	86,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,385	...	...	590	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,239	...	...	96,257	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,921	...	...	81,386	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	500	...	...	595	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,044	...	...	127,099	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	80,649	...	...	106,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	375	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,365	...	...	56,147	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,136	...	...	48,903	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,580	645	935	990	485	505
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,123	34,240	28,506	34,496	45,184	30,656
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,341	30,672	26,379	31,147	39,008	28,096
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,545	600	945	975	545	440
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,350	37,993	36,943	46,248	47,125	45,160
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,454	32,687	32,308	39,215	39,564	38,782
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	7,360	3,425	3,940	5,290	2,585	2,710
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,695	2,110	2,585	2,525	1,130	1,390
In the bottom decile	925	410	515	390	195	200
In the second decile	1,055	440	615	500	180	320
In the third decile	1,030	455	575	450	210	245
In the fourth decile	880	420	455	550	240	310
In the fifth decile	800	380	420	630	310	325
In the top half of the distribution	2,670	1,315	1,355	2,770	1,455	1,315
In the sixth decile	700	340	360	570	285	285
In the seventh decile	740	350	395	650	350	305
In the eighth decile	495	255	240	625	330	300
In the ninth decile	445	220	225	555	295	255
In the top decile	290	150	135	370	195	175
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	5,295	2,585	2,705
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	1,200	590	605
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	370	180	185
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	3,315	1,655	1,655
65 years and over	0	0	0	780	340	440
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	630	260	370
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	165	80	85
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	50	20	30
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	345	140	205
65 years and over	0	0	0	120	35	80
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	11.9	10.1	13.7
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	13.8	13.6	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	13.5	11.1	16.2
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	10.4	8.5	12.4
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	15.4	10.3	18.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	255	135	125
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	60	30	30
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	185	95	85
65 years and over	0	0	0	10	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	4.8	5.2	4.6
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	5.0	5.1	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	4.1	2.8	5.4
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	5.6	5.7	5.1
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	1.3	2.9	1.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	7,360	3,430	3,930	5,295	2,585	2,705
Official languages	7,340	3,420	3,920	5,275	2,580	2,695
English	7,330	3,420	3,915	5,270	2,580	2,690
French	340	155	180	365	175	200
Non-official languages	730	315	415	595	290	300
Aboriginal languages	85	40	45	45	25	20
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	35	20	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	35	20	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	25	20	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	65	35	30	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	645	270	375	555	270	285
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	0	20	80	50	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	70	45	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	545	225	320	405	185	220
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	40	65	40	30	15
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	30	70	40	30	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	10	0	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	25	10	15
Russian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	30	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	360	155	200	235	110	130
Afrikaans	10	0	10	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	65	40	25	95	40	55
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	265	110	155	120	60	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Swedish	15	10	0	15	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	15	10	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	0	0	10
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	25	60	125	55	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	0	20	40	10	40
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	10
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	45	10	30	70	40	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	15	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese languages	10	0	0	40	15	25
Cantonese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	35	20	15	0	10
Estonian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Finnish	15	0	10	10	10	10
Hungarian	35	30	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	7,360	3,430	3,930	5,290	2,585	2,705
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	7,160	3,315	3,850	5,095	2,490	2,605
Canadian citizens aged under 18	955	465	490	1,240	600	640
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,205	2,845	3,360	3,855	1,890	1,965
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	200	120	80	200	95	100
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	7,360	3,430	3,935	5,290	2,585	2,710
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	6,505	3,000	3,505	4,705	2,340	2,355
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	825	415	415	535	205	335
Before 1981	555	265	290	295	100	200
1981 to 1990	75	30	40	45	20	25
1991 to 2000	35	20	15	60	25	35
2001 to 2010	125	75	55	95	55	45
2001 to 2005	50	30	20	45	15	25
2006 to 2010	75	45	35	55	40	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	35	15	15	40	10	25
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	30	15	15	55	35	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	825	415	410	535	205	330
Under 5 years	90	50	40	105	35	70
5 to 14 years	175	85	85	105	45	60
15 to 24 years	200	95	105	120	45	80
25 to 44 years	310	155	155	150	60	90
45 years and over	55	30	30	50	20	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	825	415	410	535	205	330
Americas	70	35	35	100	35	70
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	55	25	25	85	25	65
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	10	0
Europe	685	350	340	270	110	165
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	10	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	140	70	70	50	25	25
Greece	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungary	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	10	0	0	10
Italy	15	0	0	25	0	20
Netherlands	60	35	25	75	40	40
Poland	20	0	15	15	10	15
Portugal	10	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	20	15	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	275	145	125	50	10	40
Other places of birth in Europe	75	35	40	30	25	0
Africa	15	10	10	25	0	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	10	10	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	10	10	0
Asia	40	20	20	120	45	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	30	15	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	10	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	10	45	15	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	10	20	15	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	35	15	15	40	15	25
Americas	10	0	0	10	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	10	0	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	10	10	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	10	0	15	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	7,360	3,430	3,930	5,295	2,585	2,705
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	900	445	455	620	265	355
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,300	585	710	1,105	540	565
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,165	2,400	2,765	3,560	1,780	1,780
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	275	150	125	255	115	140
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	140	70	65	85	50	35
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	60	30	30	45	25	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	75	40	35	40	30	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	115	70	50	140	50	90
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	10	0	20	10	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	7,365	3,435	3,930	5,290	2,585	2,705
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,085	545	540	555	245	310
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,050	530	520	525	225	300
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	810	395	415	435	200	235
Métis	220	130	90	100	30	70
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	0	15	20	20	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	6,280	2,885	3,390	4,735	2,335	2,400
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	7,360	3,430	3,930	5,290	2,585	2,705
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	725	345	380	415	190	220
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,630	3,085	3,550	4,880	2,395	2,490
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	7,365	3,430	3,930	5,290	2,585	2,705
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	560	285	280	125	60	65
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	550	270	275	125	55	60
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	480	235	240	120	60	60
Métis single ancestry	70	35	30	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	670	290	380	405	185	215
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	625	280	350	385	190	200
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	410	190	225	310	135	175
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	210	90	115	75	55	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	40	0	30	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	0	30	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	6,135	2,860	3,275	4,770	2,340	2,430
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	7,360	3,430	3,930	5,290	2,585	2,705
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	185	85	105	340	165	175
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	15	15	25	10	15
Chinese	25	15	10	70	30	40
Black	25	15	15	65	40	25
Filipino	30	15	20	75	40	30
Latin American	15	0	10	20	10	10
Arab	0	0	0	20	10	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	25	15	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	15	10	10
Japanese	45	15	35	25	15	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	10	10	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	7,175	3,350	3,825	4,950	2,415	2,535
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	7,365	3,430	3,930	5,290	2,585	2,710
North American Aboriginal origins	1,225	575	660	530	250	280
First Nations (North American Indian)	945	440	500	445	195	250
Inuit	20	10	10	0	0	0
Métis	320	135	180	100	50	40
Other North American origins	1,655	705	950	1,650	805	850
Acadian	10	0	0	0	0	10
American	120	40	80	185	70	115
Canadian	1,555	675	880	1,530	760	765
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	5,865	2,715	3,145	4,300	2,090	2,210
British Isles origins	3,805	1,730	2,070	2,800	1,350	1,445
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	10	0
English	2,225	1,055	1,170	1,745	775	965
Irish	1,320	590	730	1,135	545	595
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,600	650	950	1,305	605	695
Welsh	160	70	90	200	100	100
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	170	70	95	145	75	75
French origins	755	375	385	580	280	290
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	755	370	380	580	280	290
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,905	895	1,010	1,840	905	935
Austrian	85	45	40	55	25	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	45	15	25	35	25	15
Dutch	325	160	165	905	445	455
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	25	10	20
German	1,520	725	795	890	445	445
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	40	10	30	150	65	90
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	605	245	360	520	210	315
Danish	30	10	20	80	30	55
Finnish	55	25	30	50	35	15
Icelandic	60	30	30	45	20	25
Norwegian	235	85	150	210	80	130
Swedish	295	110	185	155	65	95
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Eastern European origins	1,255	625	630	710	370	335
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Byelorussian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	15	10	10	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	15	0	10	15	10	0
Hungarian	120	60	60	80	45	40
Latvian	10	10	0	25	15	10
Lithuanian	25	15	10	30	10	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	365	150	210	220	115	105
Romanian	70	35	40	35	30	10
Russian	220	95	125	135	85	55
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	650	320	325	290	130	160
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Southern European origins	360	190	170	360	165	195
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	40	20	25
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	10	10
Italian	210	105	105	200	90	110
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	15	0	25	0	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Spanish	80	40	45	60	25	30
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	20	15	0	40	20	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	30	0	25	70	45	25
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	10	30	20	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	25	10	25	30	20	15
Caribbean origins	25	0	20	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	15	0	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	45	20	25	55	20	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guatemalan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	20	15	10	30	15	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	10
African origins	15	10	0	100	65	40
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	35	25	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	35	30	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	30	10	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	10	0	25	15	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	0	30	20	15
Asian origins	200	95	105	325	150	180
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	25	15	15	50	0	45
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	15	0	15
South Asian origins	45	30	15	35	20	20
Bangladeshi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	35	25	10	25	15	0
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	130	55	75	245	120	125
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese	35	20	15	90	30	60
Filipino	35	10	20	85	40	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Japanese	55	15	40	40	25	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	15	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	50	25	20	60	30	30
Australian	40	25	15	15	0	10
New Zealander	10	0	0	15	15	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	30	15	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	10	30	15	15
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	3,650	...	...	2,290	...	...
Owner	2,960	...	...	1,575	...	...
Renter	670	...	...	715	...	...
Band housing	20	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	3,650	...	...	2,295	...	...
Condominium	940	...	...	190	...	...
Not condominium	2,705	...	...	2,100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	3,650	...	...	2,295	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	215	...	...	280	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,920	...	...	590	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,155	...	...	655	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	355	...	...	750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	3,645	...	...	2,295	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	980	...	...	580	...	...
5 rooms	930	...	...	335	...	...
6 rooms	705	...	...	345	...	...
7 rooms	535	...	...	190	...	...
8 or more rooms	500	...	...	840	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	3,650	...	...	2,290	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,630	...	...	2,275	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	3,645	...	...	2,290	...	...
Suitable	3,585	...	...	2,255	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	3,650	...	...	2,290	...	...
1960 or before	25	...	...	415	...	...
1961 to 1980	790	...	...	860	...	...
1981 to 1990	410	...	...	390	...	...
1991 to 2000	945	...	...	355	...	...
2001 to 2005	195	...	...	60	...	...
2006 to 2010	740	...	...	125	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	540	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	3,650	...	...	2,290	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,450	...	...	2,130	...	...
Major repairs needed	200	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	3,650	...	...	2,290	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,230	...	...	1,400	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,360	...	...	850	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	60	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	3,650	...	...	2,295	...	...
15 to 24 years	50	...	...	125	...	...
25 to 34 years	340	...	...	345	...	...
35 to 44 years	335	...	...	430	...	...
45 to 54 years	585	...	...	420	...	...
55 to 64 years	805	...	...	410	...	...
65 to 74 years	870	...	...	330	...	...
75 to 84 years	520	...	...	160	...	...
85 years and over	145	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	0	...	...	2,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	1,870	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	415	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	1,575	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	56.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	9.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	911	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,043	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	289,905	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	284,454	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	715	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	38.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	835	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	894	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,540	3,015	3,525	4,315	2,080	2,230
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,370	690	675	825	365	460
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,135	930	1,205	1,225	585	645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,045	1,395	1,645	2,260	1,130	1,130
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	875	585	290	540	405	135
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	405	200	200	240	145	95
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	470	380	90	295	255	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,440	515	925	845	285	555
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	200	80	125	150	65	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	530	220	305	735	380	355
Bachelor's degree	350	130	220	505	285	220
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	25	35	85	30	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	95	45	50	145	65	75
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,585	1,635	1,955	2,765	1,405	1,365
No certificate, diploma or degree	535	295	240	250	145	110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,185	540	650	775	400	370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,865	800	1,065	1,745	865	885
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	505	330	175	395	305	95
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	245	115	130	165	100	60
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	265	220	50	235	200	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	955	325	630	610	200	405
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	40	70	110	55	55
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	295	105	190	635	300	335
Bachelor's degree	210	75	135	440	225	215
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	0	20	70	30	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	0	0	10
Master's degree	55	20	35	115	45	75
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,540	3,020	3,525	4,315	2,080	2,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,500	1,625	1,880	2,050	950	1,105
Education	185	45	135	190	45	145
13. Education	185	45	135	190	45	145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	40	55	35	10	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	10	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	65	20	45	20	0	15
Humanities	65	45	25	85	40	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	10	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	30	10	20	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	15	0	10
54. History	0	0	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	240	65	175	165	70	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	20	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	10	55	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	40	10	30	20	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	50	10	40	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	60	35	30	85	50	30
Business, management and public administration	680	190	490	400	105	290
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	10	50	35	15	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	620	180	435	345	90	250
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	20	15	75	50	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	10	35	30	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	35	40	30	20	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	20	30	20	10
25. Library science	0	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	775	705	70	505	470	35
04. Architecture and related services	10	15	0	0	0	10
14. Engineering	45	40	0	90	65	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	135	115	20	70	60	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	215	210	0	180	180	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	245	230	15	130	125	10
48. Precision production	125	95	30	40	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70	50	10	185	145	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	20	10	25	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	35	0	160	125	35
Health and related fields	555	65	490	405	80	320
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	15	10	45	15	25
51. Health professions and related programs	525	45	480	360	65	300
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	280	135	145	195	85	110
12. Personal and culinary services	190	50	140	125	40	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	35	0	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	40	0	55	40	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,585	1,630	1,955	2,770	1,405	1,365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,720	835	885	1,020	545	480
Education	100	25	75	160	40	120
13. Education	100	25	75	165	40	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	20	30	20	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	25	20	0	15
Humanities	40	25	15	70	30	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	20	0	15	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	15	10	0
54. History	10	0	0	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	135	15	115	150	60	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	40	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	25	20	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	0	20	20	10	10
45. Social sciences	30	10	25	70	40	30
Business, management and public administration	370	95	275	300	75	215
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25	35	15	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	340	95	250	260	60	200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	10	55	30	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	20	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	25	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	30	30	30	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	30	10	25	20	10
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	460	410	55	380	350	30
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	10	0	0
14. Engineering	30	25	0	65	50	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	80	70	10	50	45	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	150	145	0	130	135	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	125	115	15	105	100	10
48. Precision production	75	45	25	30	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	45	10	155	115	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	20	0	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	30	10	150	115	35
Health and related fields	415	45	365	295	65	230
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	15	40	15	20
51. Health professions and related programs	390	35	355	255	50	210
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	175	90	90	135	65	75
12. Personal and culinary services	120	30	85	95	35	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	30	0	15	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	25	20	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,540	3,020	3,525	4,315	2,080	2,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,505	1,625	1,880	2,050	950	1,105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,040	1,395	1,645	2,265	1,135	1,130
Location of study inside Canada	2,775	1,265	1,515	2,015	1,005	1,010
Same as province or territory of residence	1,630	685	950	1,515	760	755
Different than province or territory of residence	1,145	585	570	500	245	255
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	265	135	135	245	125	120
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	30	30	60	25	35
Philippines	0	0	0	50	45	10
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	65	35	30	20	0	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	125	60	65	115	50	65
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,585	1,630	1,955	2,770	1,405	1,365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,725	830	890	1,020	545	480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,865	795	1,065	1,745	860	890
Location of study inside Canada	1,755	755	1,005	1,585	775	815
Same as province or territory of residence	1,205	485	725	1,175	575	595
Different than province or territory of residence	550	270	285	415	200	215
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	110	45	60	155	90	70
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	30	15	15	50	25	25
Philippines	10	0	0	30	30	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	0	15	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	45	15	25	75	30	40
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	6,540	3,015	3,525	4,315	2,080	2,235
In the labour force	3,285	1,615	1,670	2,965	1,570	1,390
Employed	3,030	1,470	1,555	2,700	1,380	1,315
Unemployed	255	145	110	265	185	75
Not in the labour force	3,255	1,400	1,855	1,355	510	840
Participation rate	50.2	53.6	47.4	68.7	75.5	62.2
Employment rate	46.3	48.8	44.1	62.6	66.3	58.8
Unemployment rate	7.8	9.0	6.6	8.9	11.8	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	6,540	3,015	3,520	4,315	2,080	2,235
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,120	1,335	1,785	1,145	420	725
Worked	3,425	1,685	1,740	3,175	1,660	1,510
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,570	810	760	1,415	840	575
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,855	875	975	1,755	815	940
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.1	42.0	41.0	41.8	40.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,285	1,615	1,665	2,965	1,570	1,395
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	65	30	30	45	35	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,225	1,585	1,640	2,920	1,530	1,390
Employee	2,905	1,410	1,495	2,615	1,360	1,250
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	320	175	145	310	170	140
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,285	1,620	1,670	2,960	1,570	1,395
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	65	30	30	40	40	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,220	1,585	1,635	2,920	1,530	1,390
0 Management occupations	350	175	180	290	180	115
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	435	105	330	355	90	270
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	110	75	30	335	260	75
3 Health occupations	210	30	185	185	35	150
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	205	50	150	325	70	250
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	30	40	45	15	35
6 Sales and service occupations	1,015	375	640	770	340	435
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	590	560	35	420	380	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	120	95	30	110	95	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	105	95	10	90	75	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,285	1,620	1,670	2,965	1,570	1,395
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	60	30	30	40	40	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,225	1,585	1,635	2,920	1,530	1,390
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	85	60	30	120	85	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	60	15	135	100	40
22 Utilities	10	10	0	10	10	0
23 Construction	325	295	30	185	150	30
31-33 Manufacturing	165	115	45	145	105	35
41 Wholesale trade	95	75	20	115	85	30
44-45 Retail trade	585	230	360	400	200	195
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	155	140	15	205	145	60
51 Information and cultural industries	35	20	15	20	20	0
52 Finance and insurance	125	25	105	45	15	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	105	40	70	35	20	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	120	40	75	210	110	105
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	210	130	80	65	30	35
61 Educational services	105	20	85	195	55	140
62 Health care and social assistance	350	35	310	305	20	280
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	85	45	45	55	30	30
72 Accommodation and food services	265	110	150	360	160	200
81 Other services (except public administration)	175	65	105	100	50	50
91 Public administration	150	70	75	220	140	85
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,030	1,465	1,560	2,700	1,385	1,315
Worked at home	205	80	125	120	30	90
Worked outside Canada	10	0	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	580	435	145	275	205	60
Worked at usual place	2,240	950	1,280	2,305	1,145	1,160
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,235	950	1,285	2,305	1,140	1,165
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	580	180	400	1,740	810	930
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,475	660	815	430	245	190
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	125	70	55	105	60	40
Commute to a different province or territory	55	40	15	25	25	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,815	1,390	1,425	2,575	1,355	1,225
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,340	1,145	1,195	1,735	945	785
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	165	65	105	155	55	105
Public transit	100	50	45	30	25	0
Walked	90	40	50	460	215	245
Bicycle	15	15	0	140	95	50
Other method	95	75	25	55	25	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,815	1,385	1,430	2,580	1,350	1,225
Less than 15 minutes	1,025	415	610	2,015	995	1,020
15 to 29 minutes	850	435	415	310	160	145
30 to 44 minutes	660	365	295	45	20	25
45 to 59 minutes	150	85	65	85	75	10
60 minutes and over	130	85	40	125	100	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,815	1,390	1,425	2,575	1,350	1,225
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	175	115	60	135	90	45
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	585	370	220	400	265	135
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	670	335	335	675	390	285
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	610	225	385	695	305	390
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	315	110	205	265	105	160
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	465	240	220	400	190	210
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,535	1,725	1,810	3,305	1,700	1,600
Single responses	3,530	1,725	1,810	3,305	1,700	1,605
Official languages	3,520	1,710	1,805	3,295	1,695	1,595
English	3,515	1,710	1,805	3,280	1,695	1,590
French	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-official languages	15	10	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	10	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,535	1,725	1,815	3,305	1,700	1,605
None	3,510	1,705	1,795	3,230	1,650	1,580
English	10	10	0	10	0	10
French	20	10	10	10	0	10
Non-official language	0	0	0	55	50	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	55	45	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	7,320	3,415	3,905	5,240	2,570	2,665
Non-movers	6,020	2,775	3,240	4,415	2,180	2,235
Movers	1,305	635	670	820	385	430
Non-migrants	475	230	245	475	235	250
Migrants	830	400	425	340	155	185
Internal migrants	805	385	415	340	155	185
Intraprovincial migrants	475	235	240	270	125	145
Interprovincial migrants	325	155	170	65	35	35
External migrants	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	7,120	3,300	3,820	4,990	2,440	2,550
Non-movers	3,590	1,635	1,950	2,880	1,410	1,470
Movers	3,530	1,660	1,870	2,110	1,025	1,080
Non-migrants	1,435	705	730	1,215	580	635
Migrants	2,095	955	1,140	890	450	445
Internal migrants	2,040	925	1,115	795	380	425
Intraprovincial migrants	1,220	560	665	655	310	345
Interprovincial migrants	820	370	455	140	65	70
External migrants	50	30	25	95	70	25

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Tsinstikeptum 9, IRI [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Smithers, T [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tsinstikeptum 9, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Smithers, Town [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Tsinstikeptum 9, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Smithers, Town [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tsinstikeptum 9, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Smithers, Town [Census subdivision], British Columbia