Census Profile, 2016 Census
Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Clarington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Armstrong, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Clarington, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Clarington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,114	...	...	92,013	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	4,830 ^r	...	...	84,548	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.9	...	...	8.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,143	...	...	33,384	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,132	...	...	32,838	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	979.8	...	...	150.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5.22	...	...	611.40	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,115	2,390	2,720	92,010	45,115	46,900
0 to 14 years	795	395	400	17,155	8,720	8,430
0 to 4 years	250	125	125	5,590	2,830	2,765
5 to 9 years	290	140	145	5,790	2,965	2,825
10 to 14 years	260	130	130	5,770	2,925	2,845
15 to 64 years	2,995	1,405	1,595	62,245	30,585	31,660
15 to 19 years	275	145	125	6,210	3,100	3,115
20 to 24 years	205	85	120	5,880	3,060	2,820
25 to 29 years	235	120	120	5,410	2,645	2,765
30 to 34 years	305	150	150	6,240	3,010	3,235
35 to 39 years	265	140	125	6,260	3,040	3,220
40 to 44 years	270	120	150	6,235	3,070	3,165
45 to 49 years	300	135	165	6,515	3,075	3,435
50 to 54 years	365	160	205	7,900	3,855	4,045
55 to 59 years	385	180	210	6,545	3,285	3,260
60 to 64 years	395	165	230	5,045	2,450	2,600
65 years and over	1,320	595	725	12,615	5,805	6,805
65 to 69 years	365	170	195	4,320	2,060	2,260
70 to 74 years	285	140	140	3,235	1,585	1,645
75 to 79 years	245	95	150	2,170	990	1,175
80 to 84 years	185	85	95	1,520	700	820
85 years and over	245	100	150	1,375	465	910
85 to 89 years	150	55	95	875	320	560
90 to 94 years	80	35	50	390	125	265
95 to 99 years	20	5	10	95	20	75
100 years and over	0	0	5	15	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	16.5	14.7	18.6	19.3	18.0
15 to 64 years	58.6	58.8	58.6	67.7	67.8	67.5
65 years and over	25.8	24.9	26.7	13.7	12.9	14.5
85 years and over	4.8	4.2	5.5	1.5	1.0	1.9
Average age of the population	45.9	44.7	46.9	38.9	38.2	39.5
Median age of the population	48.7	46.2	50.2	39.1	38.3	39.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,130	...	...	32,840	...	...
Single-detached house	1,500	...	...	25,950	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	265	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	635	...	...	6,550	...	...
Semi-detached house	125	...	...	1,035	...	...
Row house	175	...	...	2,740	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	65	...	...	905	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	265	...	...	1,825	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	40	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,135	...	...	32,840	...	...
1 person	595	...	...	5,755	...	...
2 persons	835	...	...	10,855	...	...
3 persons	320	...	...	6,070	...	...
4 persons	265	...	...	6,720	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...	3,445	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,930	...	...	91,190	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,320	1,995	2,320	74,860	36,390	38,465
Married or living common law	2,590	1,295	1,295	46,825	23,390	23,435
Married	2,155	1,080	1,075	39,380	19,680	19,700
Living common law	435	215	220	7,445	3,715	3,730
Not married and not living common law	1,725	705	1,020	28,040	13,000	15,035
Never married	830	435	400	18,630	9,935	8,695
Separated	190	75	115	2,200	875	1,320
Divorced	360	120	240	3,785	1,455	2,325
Widowed	350	80	270	3,425	735	2,690
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,505	...	...	27,305	...	...
2 persons	875	...	...	12,045	...	...
3 persons	310	...	...	6,205	...	...
4 persons	225	...	...	6,635	...	...
5 or more persons	85	...	...	2,420	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,505	...	...	27,300	...	...
Total couple families	1,265	...	...	23,160	...	...
Married couples	1,055	...	...	19,445	...	...
Common-law couples	215	...	...	3,720	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	235	...	...	4,140	...	...
Female parent	180	...	...	3,195	...	...
Male parent	50	...	...	950	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,270	...	...	23,160	...	...
Couples without children	740	...	...	9,645	...	...
Couples with children	530	...	...	13,515	...	...
1 child	235	...	...	4,905	...	...
2 children	215	...	...	6,285	...	...
3 or more children	85	...	...	2,320	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	235	...	...	4,140	...	...
1 child	140	...	...	2,400	...	...
2 children	75	...	...	1,300	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	860	350	510	9,270	4,320	4,950
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,130	...	...	32,840	...	...
One-census-family households	1,435	...	...	25,555	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	705	...	...	8,975	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	725	...	...	16,580	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	35	...	...	860	...	...
Non-census-family households	665	...	...	6,420	...	...
One-person households	590	...	...	5,755	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	75	...	...	665	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,005	2,350	2,650	91,275	44,875	46,400
English only	4,835	2,275	2,555	84,280	41,890	42,390
French only	0	0	0	25	10	15
English and French	165	70	95	6,700	2,850	3,855
Neither English nor French	10	5	0	260	125	135
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,005	2,355	2,650	91,275	44,870	46,400
English	4,935	2,320	2,610	89,480	44,030	45,450
French	60	30	35	1,425	675	750
English and French	0	0	0	120	50	65
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	250	120	125
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	60	30	30	1,485	700	785
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.3	1.1	1.6	1.6	1.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,005	2,350	2,650	91,275	44,870	46,400
Single responses	4,980	2,340	2,640	90,475	44,505	45,965
Official languages	4,710	2,215	2,490	84,115	41,430	42,690
English	4,645	2,190	2,450	82,625	40,720	41,905
French	70	30	40	1,490	705	780
Non-official languages	270	125	145	6,360	3,080	3,280
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	265	120	140	6,355	3,075	3,280
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	285	155	125
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	275	150	125
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	225	120	100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	90	35	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	285	105	180
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	15	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	5	0	5	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	250	95	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	175	80	90
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	150	70	85
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	210	100	115	4,810	2,370	2,440
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	1,260	590	665
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages	35	15	15	1,245	580	660
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	5	0	55	30	20
Czech	5	5	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Polish	0	0	0	655	300	355
Russian	5	5	5	110	50	60
Serbian	5	5	5	70	35	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	10	5	5	190	85	100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	5	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	155	75	80	1,215	570	645
Afrikaans	5	5	5	20	5	10
Danish	10	0	0	25	15	15
Dutch	50	20	25	590	285	310
Frisian	5	0	0	30	15	20
German	85	45	45	525	250	275
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	5	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	150	85	65
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	525	275	260
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	5	380	195	180
Bengali	0	0	0	30	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	20	25
Hindi	0	0	0	55	30	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	90	45	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	125	70	55
Iranian languages	5	0	5	155	80	75
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	140	75	65
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	1,620	835	790
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	605	330	280
Portuguese	5	0	0	425	210	215
Romanian	5	5	0	75	35	40
Spanish	0	0	0	510	255	255
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	15	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	65	30	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	255	105	150
Chinese languages	15	5	5	245	100	145
Cantonese	0	0	0	110	50	60
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	110	40	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	10	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	240	120	120
Estonian	0	0	5	15	10	5
Finnish	5	0	0	40	20	20
Hungarian	5	5	0	185	85	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	15	15	800	370	430
English and French	10	0	5	225	100	120
English and non-official language	10	10	5	525	245	280
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,005	2,350	2,650	91,275	44,875	46,400
Single responses	4,970	2,340	2,635	90,040	44,310	45,735
Official languages	4,920	2,315	2,610	88,170	43,395	44,775
English	4,920	2,315	2,605	87,700	43,180	44,525
French	5	0	0	465	215	250
Non-official languages	50	25	30	1,870	910	960
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	25	25	1,870	910	960
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	115	55	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	115	55	60
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	100	50	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	25	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	25	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	90	40	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	85	35	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	110	55	60
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	100	45	50
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	10	1,235	615	620
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	5	360	170	190
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	355	170	190
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Polish	0	0	0	210	105	110
Russian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Serbian	5	5	0	20	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	65	30	35
Afrikaans	5	0	5	10	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	5	5	5	30	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	275	135	140
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	210	110	105
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	5	10
Hindi	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	50	25	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	80	45	40
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	5	60	30	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	5	495	255	240
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	5	110	50	65
Portuguese	0	0	0	125	60	70
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Spanish	0	0	0	225	135	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	50	25	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	30	25	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	110	50	60
Chinese languages	10	5	5	105	45	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	5	5	65	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	1,235	565	665
English and French	0	0	0	135	55	85
English and non-official language	25	15	15	1,065	505	565
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	5	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,000	2,355	2,650	91,275	44,870	46,400
None	4,875	2,295	2,580	86,520	42,700	43,820
English	25	15	15	1,160	550	610
French	15	10	10	1,220	515	705
Non-official language	80	35	45	2,320	1,085	1,235
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	80	40	40	2,315	1,080	1,235
English and French	0	0	0	0	5	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
French and non-official language	5	0	0	40	20	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,130	1,930	2,200	74,065	36,125	37,940
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,000	1,865	2,135	70,680	34,620	36,060
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,987	41,600	24,736	41,820	51,585	33,131
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,005	1,870	2,135	70,720	34,625	36,095
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,713	36,535	23,755	37,031	44,512	29,980
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,650	1,750	1,895	65,940	32,945	33,000
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,560	36,523	19,928	39,392	49,952	30,114
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,940	1,210	1,730	48,300	20,965	27,335
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,567	10,528	7,661	3,893	1,854	4,787
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,850	1,425	1,425	57,075	29,570	27,500
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,608	41,728	21,717	39,716	49,517	33,016
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,080	1,925	2,150	74,060	36,125	37,935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,965	1,870	2,095	70,700	34,695	36,010
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,857	47,190	31,435	50,751	61,239	40,644
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,975	1,875	2,100	70,740	34,700	36,040
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,568	39,846	27,976	41,767	49,355	34,461
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,635	1,750	1,885	65,805	33,050	32,760
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,091	43,259	27,498	49,407	60,178	38,542
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,945	1,255	1,690	48,275	20,785	27,490
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,029	9,907	8,377	6,975	6,540	7,304
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,830	1,425	1,400	57,070	29,660	27,415
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,838	43,341	28,214	48,302	56,379	39,562
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,075	1,930	2,150	74,065	36,120	37,940
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,200	660	540	29,000	16,420	12,585
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,529	57,769	41,225	61,686	69,644	53,717
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,780	59,948	46,281	68,625	76,600	58,221
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.6	86.9	76.7	90.6	93.6	86.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.0	71.5	58.3	76.3	78.1	73.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.4	13.2	23.2	9.4	6.4	13.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,130	1,930	2,205	74,065	36,125	37,940
Without total income	135	60	70	3,380	1,505	1,875
With total income	4,000	1,865	2,130	70,680	34,620	36,065
Percentage with total income	96.9	96.6	96.6	95.4	95.8	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	475	135	345	9,170	3,535	5,635
$10,000 to $19,999	765	270	490	9,670	3,485	6,185
$20,000 to $29,999	670	245	420	7,785	2,880	4,900
$30,000 to $39,999	550	245	305	7,350	3,170	4,180
$40,000 to $49,999	425	205	220	7,615	3,650	3,965
$50,000 to $59,999	330	180	145	6,410	3,370	3,040
$60,000 to $69,999	240	175	65	5,095	2,890	2,205
$70,000 to $79,999	175	115	60	4,085	2,475	1,615
$80,000 to $89,999	120	80	40	3,410	2,075	1,330
$90,000 to $99,999	75	60	15	2,955	1,740	1,215
$100,000 and over	175	145	30	7,145	5,355	1,795
$100,000 to $149,999	130	110	20	5,355	3,905	1,455
$150,000 and over	45	30	10	1,795	1,450	340
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,130	1,930	2,205	74,060	36,125	37,940
Without after-tax income	130	55	70	3,345	1,500	1,845
With after-tax income	4,005	1,870	2,135	70,720	34,620	36,095
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	96.9	96.8	95.5	95.8	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	500	145	350	9,525	3,595	5,930
$10,000 to $19,999	805	290	515	10,105	3,670	6,435
$20,000 to $29,999	775	300	480	9,250	3,555	5,700
$30,000 to $39,999	635	295	345	9,420	4,305	5,115
$40,000 to $49,999	470	250	215	8,995	4,605	4,395
$50,000 to $59,999	305	210	95	6,890	3,930	2,960
$60,000 to $69,999	205	140	65	5,230	3,215	2,020
$70,000 to $79,999	125	85	40	4,200	2,520	1,680
$80,000 and over	190	150	35	7,100	5,240	1,860
$80,000 to $89,999	80	70	10	2,705	1,800	905
$90,000 to $99,999	40	30	10	1,575	1,180	395
$100,000 and over	70	50	15	2,820	2,255	565
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,130	1,925	2,205	74,060	36,125	37,935
Without employment income	1,285	505	780	16,990	6,550	10,440
With employment income	2,845	1,425	1,425	57,075	29,575	27,500
Percentage with employment income	68.9	74.0	64.6	77.1	81.9	72.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	540	235	310	8,350	4,435	3,920
$5,000 to $9,999	220	90	125	4,090	1,650	2,440
$10,000 to $19,999	365	140	225	6,205	2,580	3,630
$20,000 to $29,999	350	130	220	4,905	2,035	2,870
$30,000 to $39,999	285	105	180	5,140	2,040	3,105
$40,000 to $49,999	250	115	135	4,915	2,150	2,765
$50,000 to $59,999	225	125	95	4,620	2,395	2,230
$60,000 to $69,999	180	140	45	3,855	2,165	1,685
$70,000 to $79,999	140	105	35	3,395	2,065	1,330
$80,000 and over	290	240	50	11,595	8,055	3,535
$80,000 to $89,999	105	75	30	2,945	1,830	1,115
$90,000 to $99,999	55	50	5	2,640	1,560	1,075
$100,000 and over	130	115	20	6,010	4,670	1,345
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,135	...	...	32,835	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,561	...	...	95,753	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,422	...	...	81,631	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	590	...	...	5,755	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,272	...	...	46,277	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,904	...	...	40,082	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,540	...	...	27,085	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,104	...	...	107,398	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,736	...	...	91,123	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,135	...	...	32,835	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,282	...	...	109,266	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,548	...	...	89,971	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	585	...	...	5,755	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,081	...	...	55,610	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,686	...	...	45,831	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,550	...	...	27,085	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,864	...	...	120,670	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,128	...	...	99,353	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,130	...	...	32,840	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	175	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	145	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	315	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...	480	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	110	...	...	670	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	725	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	115	...	...	880	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	120	...	...	875	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	1,015	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	1,025	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	185	...	...	2,225	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	175	...	...	2,220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	155	...	...	2,210	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	150	...	...	2,215	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...	2,150	...	...
$100,000 and over	505	...	...	15,510	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	225	...	...	4,695	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	120	...	...	3,645	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	115	...	...	4,360	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...	2,815	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,135	...	...	32,840	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	205	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	155	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	340	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...	505	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	115	...	...	760	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	120	...	...	835	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...	1,010	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	130	...	...	1,175	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...	1,225	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	115	...	...	1,300	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	195	...	...	2,860	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	225	...	...	2,720	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	175	...	...	2,875	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	155	...	...	2,715	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	120	...	...	2,425	...	...
$100,000 and over	320	...	...	11,735	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	165	...	...	4,895	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	85	...	...	3,155	...	...
$150,000 and over	75	...	...	3,685	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,490	...	...	26,655	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,284	...	...	106,547	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,627	...	...	90,466	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	695	...	...	8,745	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,779	...	...	87,929	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,184	...	...	75,828	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	540	...	...	13,625	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,907	...	...	130,673	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,848	...	...	109,305	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	215	...	...	3,735	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,328	...	...	67,806	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,848	...	...	60,341	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,510	...	...	26,620	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,860	...	...	120,154	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,235	...	...	98,843	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	720	...	...	8,715	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,262	...	...	102,921	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,268	...	...	84,476	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	550	...	...	13,670	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,287	...	...	142,637	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,669	...	...	116,783	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	210	...	...	3,705	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,678	...	...	77,625	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,279	...	...	65,825	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	755	300	460	7,600	3,660	3,940
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,600	33,856	28,064	43,131	50,063	37,562
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,200	30,112	26,261	37,538	42,573	33,803
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	720	275	455	7,605	3,745	3,865
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,956	39,688	33,712	51,174	59,607	42,997
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,527	34,085	29,988	42,464	48,190	36,911
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	4,930	2,325	2,610	91,195	44,830	46,355
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,765	1,255	1,515	32,260	15,130	17,130
In the bottom decile	395	165	230	3,875	1,765	2,110
In the second decile	580	245	330	4,785	2,120	2,665
In the third decile	595	275	315	6,375	2,930	3,445
In the fourth decile	595	280	320	7,840	3,755	4,085
In the fifth decile	600	280	320	9,375	4,550	4,825
In the top half of the distribution	2,160	1,070	1,095	58,935	29,705	29,230
In the sixth decile	610	305	300	10,280	5,090	5,190
In the seventh decile	520	245	275	11,880	5,875	6,005
In the eighth decile	450	220	225	13,080	6,610	6,470
In the ninth decile	400	195	205	13,465	6,850	6,615
In the top decile	190	100	95	10,230	5,275	4,955
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,930	2,320	2,605	91,195	44,830	46,360
0 to 17 years	965	480	485	20,775	10,470	10,300
0 to 5 years	300	145	155	6,695	3,385	3,315
18 to 64 years	2,810	1,305	1,505	58,375	28,705	29,670
65 years and over	1,155	530	620	12,045	5,660	6,385
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	670	280	395	5,805	2,570	3,230
0 to 17 years	175	90	85	1,740	875	870
0 to 5 years	70	40	30	525	275	250
18 to 64 years	330	125	195	3,295	1,435	1,855
65 years and over	170	60	110	770	270	500
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.6	12.1	15.2	6.4	5.7	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.1	18.8	17.5	8.4	8.4	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	23.3	27.6	19.4	7.8	8.1	7.5
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	9.6	13.0	5.6	5.0	6.3
65 years and over (%)	14.7	11.3	17.7	6.4	4.8	7.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	210	90	120	2,720	1,255	1,465
0 to 17 years	45	25	25	755	360	390
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	225	110	115
18 to 64 years	150	65	90	1,800	835	965
65 years and over	10	5	5	170	60	110
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	3.9	4.6	3.0	2.8	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	4.7	5.2	5.2	3.6	3.4	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	6.9	3.2	3.4	3.2	3.5
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3	5.0	6.0	3.1	2.9	3.3
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.9	0.8	1.4	1.1	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	4,925	2,345	2,585	91,190	44,835	46,360
Official languages	4,905	2,335	2,575	90,890	44,645	46,245
English	4,910	2,335	2,575	90,880	44,645	46,235
French	190	70	120	6,685	2,775	3,910
Non-official languages	380	165	215	8,420	4,120	4,300
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	375	165	215	8,405	4,110	4,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	380	195	190
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	30	15	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	10	355	185	170
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	290	150	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	10	0	15	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	60	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	105	55	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	385	140	245
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	10	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	30	10	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	15	340	125	220
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	15	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	270	150	125
Kannada	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	230	135	95
Telugu	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	145	170	6,315	3,205	3,115
Albanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	1,475	730	745
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	50	30	25	1,465	725	745
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	100	70	30
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Polish	0	0	0	790	360	430
Russian	10	0	0	165	65	95
Serbian	15	10	10	65	35	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	10	0	30	15	15
Ukrainian	15	0	10	250	145	105
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Germanic languages	170	85	85	1,450	720	730
Afrikaans	20	10	10	20	0	15
Danish	10	10	0	25	0	15
Dutch	45	15	30	690	365	325
Frisian	0	0	0	45	10	30
German	105	60	45	685	335	350
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	195	100	100
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	700	365	335
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	10	540	280	250
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	165	80	90
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	35	20	15
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	175	90	85
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Urdu	0	0	0	210	115	90
Iranian languages	10	10	0	185	85	95
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	0	175	80	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	25	45	2,525	1,305	1,220
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0	910	440	465
Portuguese	10	10	10	500	260	240
Romanian	0	0	0	120	55	60
Spanish	55	15	45	1,045	570	475
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	10	10	0	15	0	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	75	40	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	130	65	60
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	20	0	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	20	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	140	30	105
American Sign Language	0	0	0	100	15	80
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	10	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	0	20	315	110	210
Chinese languages	20	10	20	275	95	185
Cantonese	0	0	0	115	30	90
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	0	15	125	35	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	35	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	20	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	240	125	120
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Finnish	10	0	10	25	10	15
Hungarian	10	10	0	195	100	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	4,930	2,350	2,580	91,190	44,830	46,360
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	4,825	2,300	2,520	89,205	43,865	45,340
Canadian citizens aged under 18	970	485	480	20,630	10,315	10,310
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,860	1,815	2,045	68,580	33,550	35,025
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	100	45	55	1,985	970	1,020
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	4,930	2,345	2,580	91,190	44,830	46,360
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,510	2,165	2,345	79,890	39,415	40,475
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	415	175	240	11,045	5,235	5,810
Before 1981	260	115	140	5,940	2,830	3,105
1981 to 1990	25	10	10	1,645	765	885
1991 to 2000	60	25	25	1,550	725	820
2001 to 2010	45	15	35	1,460	695	765
2001 to 2005	30	10	20	745	340	405
2006 to 2010	20	10	15	715	360	355
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	30	10	15	455	215	240
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	10	0	255	185	75
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	410	175	235	11,045	5,235	5,810
Under 5 years	80	25	50	1,670	865	805
5 to 14 years	100	50	50	2,445	1,230	1,215
15 to 24 years	80	30	50	2,835	1,160	1,675
25 to 44 years	135	55	75	3,710	1,820	1,890
45 years and over	20	10	0	390	160	230
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	415	175	235	11,045	5,235	5,815
Americas	65	10	50	2,395	1,125	1,270
Brazil	0	0	10	35	15	20
Colombia	0	0	0	105	55	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	45	20	20
Guyana	0	0	0	365	160	210
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	540	275	260
Mexico	0	0	0	75	35	35
Peru	0	0	10	30	10	25
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	300	155	140
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	0	40	515	230	285
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	390	170	220
Europe	255	135	120	6,395	3,055	3,345
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	10
Croatia	10	10	0	50	35	15
France	0	0	0	35	15	15
Germany	60	35	25	355	155	200
Greece	0	0	0	75	45	25
Hungary	0	10	0	110	70	45
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	125	55	65
Italy	10	0	0	415	220	195
Netherlands	35	15	20	605	320	285
Poland	0	0	0	460	185	275
Portugal	0	0	0	265	135	130
Romania	0	0	0	120	60	65
Russian Federation	0	0	0	55	20	40
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	10	75	45	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	65	45	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	100	50	50	3,225	1,485	1,745
Other places of birth in Europe	30	20	10	355	170	185
Africa	15	0	10	415	190	220
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	35	25	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	20	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	35	15	20
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	0	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	85	35	50
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	215	100	115
Asia	60	20	40	1,770	830	940
Afghanistan	0	0	0	65	35	30
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	145	55	85
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	55	15	45
India	10	10	10	300	155	150
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	30	15	20
Iraq	0	0	0	25	15	10
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	75	35	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	65	35	30
Pakistan	0	0	0	125	70	55
Philippines	10	0	10	360	135	225
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	160	80	80
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	85	35	50
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	265	140	120
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	0	15	70	30	40
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	30	15	15	450	215	235
Americas	0	0	0	125	75	50
Brazil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	40	25	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	10
Europe	0	0	0	90	45	45
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	55	30	30
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	15	0	10	25	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	15	0	15
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	15	0	10	205	80	125
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	50	25	30
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	65	20	50
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	25	10	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	4,930	2,345	2,580	91,190	44,830	46,360
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	430	185	240	11,635	5,580	6,055
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	960	455	500	18,285	9,050	9,235
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,540	1,700	1,840	61,270	30,205	31,065
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	155	60	95	5,285	2,500	2,785
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	80	25	50	2,340	1,120	1,220
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	40	15	20	905	585	320
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	45	15	30	1,435	530	900
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	50	20	35	2,115	910	1,200
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	15	0	790	450	340
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	10	40	20	20
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,925	2,350	2,580	91,190	44,830	46,360
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	345	125	220	2,330	1,150	1,175
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	320	115	205	2,220	1,120	1,100
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	125	50	80	1,260	610	650
Métis	195	70	125	940	505	440
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	0	10	50	10	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	10	60	20	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,585	2,225	2,360	88,865	43,680	45,180
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	4,925	2,345	2,580	91,190	44,830	46,355
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	70	15	50	560	320	240
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,855	2,330	2,530	90,630	44,510	46,120
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	4,930	2,345	2,585	91,190	44,830	46,355
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25	15	15	270	160	115
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	30	15	15	270	160	110
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	0	150	85	65
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	120	80	45
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	435	185	250	3,685	1,780	1,905
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	410	165	245	3,535	1,675	1,860
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	250	120	135	2,480	1,170	1,315
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	50	105	1,010	485	520
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	45	20	25
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	15	10	145	105	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	145	105	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,465	2,150	2,315	87,240	42,895	44,340
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,925	2,350	2,580	91,190	44,830	46,360
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	165	95	70	7,225	3,610	3,605
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	10	0	1,540	845	695
Chinese	30	10	20	505	185	315
Black	15	15	0	2,495	1,235	1,260
Filipino	15	0	15	590	260	335
Latin American	0	0	0	570	360	210
Arab	10	10	0	280	160	110
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	220	95	120
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	0	145	75	75
Korean	10	0	0	105	50	50
Japanese	50	45	10	85	50	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	350	120	230
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	10	10	340	165	170
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,760	2,250	2,510	83,970	41,220	42,750
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,925	2,345	2,580	91,190	44,830	46,355
North American Aboriginal origins	465	195	265	3,955	1,940	2,020
First Nations (North American Indian)	285	140	150	2,780	1,355	1,425
Inuit	20	10	0	45	20	25
Métis	200	75	125	1,275	670	610
Other North American origins	1,405	675	725	33,585	16,615	16,970
Acadian	10	0	0	115	50	70
American	80	40	45	945	515	430
Canadian	1,350	650	700	32,845	16,245	16,600
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	100	40	60
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	50	20	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	4,310	2,040	2,265	70,020	34,105	35,910
British Isles origins	2,855	1,330	1,525	52,955	25,520	27,435
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,855	810	1,050	31,415	15,100	16,315
Irish	1,205	575	635	22,160	10,265	11,895
Manx	0	0	0	15	0	15
Scottish	1,350	595	750	22,505	10,700	11,805
Welsh	190	90	95	2,245	1,010	1,235
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	140	75	60	3,470	1,585	1,885
French origins	720	315	405	9,920	4,720	5,200
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	720	315	400	9,920	4,715	5,205
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,635	745	890	15,540	7,645	7,900
Austrian	45	25	15	685	385	305
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	55	15	40	275	135	135
Dutch	485	195	290	6,425	3,105	3,320
Flemish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Frisian	0	0	0	40	10	30
German	1,185	565	620	9,020	4,385	4,630
Luxembourger	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	70	25	45	420	230	190
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	640	320	325	2,150	1,020	1,135
Danish	145	65	75	465	220	245
Finnish	25	0	20	470	195	270
Icelandic	50	25	20	190	75	115
Norwegian	280	135	140	410	210	200
Swedish	155	70	85	565	260	300
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	0	160	85	75
Eastern European origins	750	355	395	9,325	4,480	4,845
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	55	45	0
Czech	30	10	20	165	85	80
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	0	15	110	55	55
Estonian	0	0	0	85	50	40
Hungarian	60	30	35	935	460	480
Latvian	15	10	0	90	50	40
Lithuanian	10	0	10	115	55	60
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Polish	155	95	60	3,865	1,800	2,060
Romanian	50	15	30	315	170	150
Russian	95	35	60	900	375	525
Slovak	0	0	0	270	130	140
Ukrainian	430	190	240	3,700	1,805	1,895
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	235	115	125	9,425	4,680	4,750
Albanian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10	330	200	120
Cypriot	0	0	0	25	0	10
Greek	10	0	10	780	380	400
Italian	130	60	70	4,775	2,390	2,385
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	355	190	170
Maltese	0	0	0	585	280	310
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,680	820	860
Serbian	25	10	15	170	85	90
Sicilian	0	0	0	60	20	40
Slovenian	15	10	0	135	60	75
Spanish	35	20	20	955	490	470
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	30	15	15	190	100	95
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	45	20	30	430	220	205
Basque	0	0	0	15	0	10
Jewish	20	10	10	170	80	85
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	30	10	20	245	135	110
Caribbean origins	20	20	0	2,715	1,330	1,385
Antiguan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	230	115	120
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cuban	0	0	0	25	10	20
Dominican	0	0	0	45	20	30
Grenadian	10	10	0	130	75	55
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Jamaican	20	15	0	1,530	770	760
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	395	155	240
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	50	20	35
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	400	160	240
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	75	50	25
Latin, Central and South American origins	30	25	0	1,525	740	785
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arawak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	10	50	10	35
Chilean	10	10	0	45	10	30
Colombian	0	0	0	150	85	65
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	60	10	50
Guatemalan	0	0	0	45	25	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	590	265	330
Hispanic	0	0	0	30	10	20
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	30	10	20
Mexican	10	0	0	260	200	60
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	70	25	40
Salvadorean	0	0	0	65	35	35
Uruguayan	0	0	0	30	25	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	35	20	20
African origins	20	10	10	1,155	600	555
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	225	125	100
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	25	20	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	70	35	40
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	55	30	20
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	160	90	70
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Libyan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	305	160	150
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	50	30	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	10
South African	0	0	0	160	90	70
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	15	10	0	530	255	270
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	115	70	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	445	205	240
Asian origins	225	145	80	4,655	2,255	2,400
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	40	25	10	935	465	470
Afghan	0	0	0	170	85	80
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	110	50	60
Armenian	10	10	0	50	25	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	10	75	30	40
Iraqi	0	0	0	55	40	15
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	35	30	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	15	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	0	300	150	145
Palestinian	15	0	10	70	30	40
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Syrian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turk	0	0	0	45	20	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	35	25	10
South Asian origins	50	40	10	1,900	1,025	880
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	50	40	10	1,420	760	660
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	170	100	70
Punjabi	0	0	0	20	20	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	200	115	85
Tamil	0	0	0	85	50	30
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	70	25	45
East and Southeast Asian origins	135	80	55	1,930	815	1,115
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese	60	20	40	780	305	475
Filipino	30	0	25	675	290	385
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Japanese	70	60	10	120	60	60
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	105	45	60
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	0	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	130	70	60
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	30	15	15	145	65	80
Australian	25	10	15	100	45	55
New Zealander	0	0	0	55	30	30
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,130	...	...	32,840	...	...
Owner	1,710	...	...	28,935	...	...
Renter	420	...	...	3,900	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,130	...	...	32,840	...	...
Condominium	380	...	...	1,715	...	...
Not condominium	1,755	...	...	31,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,135	...	...	32,840	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	180	...	...	1,285	...	...
2 bedrooms	570	...	...	4,465	...	...
3 bedrooms	725	...	...	15,615	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	655	...	...	11,425	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,130	...	...	32,835	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	445	...	...	3,315	...	...
5 rooms	325	...	...	4,115	...	...
6 rooms	265	...	...	6,200	...	...
7 rooms	340	...	...	5,845	...	...
8 or more rooms	755	...	...	13,365	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,130	...	...	32,835	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,130	...	...	32,675	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,130	...	...	32,835	...	...
Suitable	2,090	...	...	31,935	...	...
Not suitable	45	...	...	905	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,135	...	...	32,840	...	...
1960 or before	335	...	...	4,610	...	...
1961 to 1980	605	...	...	5,270	...	...
1981 to 1990	250	...	...	5,850	...	...
1991 to 2000	530	...	...	6,805	...	...
2001 to 2005	105	...	...	3,565	...	...
2006 to 2010	230	...	...	3,570	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	85	...	...	3,160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,130	...	...	32,835	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,010	...	...	31,590	...	...
Major repairs needed	120	...	...	1,250	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,135	...	...	32,835	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,255	...	...	16,310	...	...
2 household maintainers	840	...	...	15,880	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	40	...	...	650	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,130	...	...	32,835	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	295	...	...
25 to 34 years	225	...	...	4,590	...	...
35 to 44 years	325	...	...	6,465	...	...
45 to 54 years	320	...	...	7,875	...	...
55 to 64 years	475	...	...	6,470	...	...
65 to 74 years	405	...	...	4,265	...	...
75 to 84 years	265	...	...	2,230	...	...
85 years and over	105	...	...	650	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,130	...	...	32,545	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,685	...	...	26,225	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	440	...	...	6,325	...	...
30% to less than 100%	405	...	...	5,710	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,710	...	...	28,675	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.3	...	...	69.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.0	...	...	15.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	885	...	...	1,529	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	960	...	...	1,535	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	343,620	...	...	400,945	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	345,723	...	...	447,499	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	420	...	...	3,880	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.1	...	...	8.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.2	...	...	46.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	950	...	...	1,148	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,008	...	...	1,197	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,075	1,925	2,150	74,060	36,120	37,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	795	405	395	12,385	6,420	5,960
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,450	650	795	21,740	11,090	10,640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,840	875	965	39,940	18,605	21,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	530	400	130	5,465	4,175	1,290
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	200	110	90	2,220	1,440	780
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	330	290	40	3,245	2,735	515
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	910	315	595	21,825	9,350	12,475
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	15	55	1,260	545	715
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	325	145	180	11,395	4,540	6,855
Bachelor's degree	200	90	115	8,475	3,360	5,120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	10	35	905	290	620
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	10	260	130	120
Master's degree	75	50	25	1,630	700	930
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	125	55	65
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,485	1,175	1,305	49,940	24,310	25,635
No certificate, diploma or degree	255	155	100	4,495	2,720	1,775
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	955	465	495	13,415	7,115	6,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,275	565	710	32,030	14,475	17,560
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	320	250	70	3,905	3,005	905
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	115	70	50	1,565	1,035	525
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	200	180	25	2,340	1,970	380
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	690	220	475	17,810	7,460	10,345
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	10	45	890	380	505
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	205	80	125	9,425	3,625	5,795
Bachelor's degree	145	60	85	6,940	2,705	4,240
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	20	780	230	550
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	205	95	110
Master's degree	45	25	20	1,405	555	850
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	90	40	50
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,075	1,930	2,150	74,060	36,125	37,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,240	1,050	1,185	34,120	17,515	16,605
Education	155	40	110	2,525	575	1,950
13. Education	160	40	110	2,525	575	1,950
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	10	40	1,370	655	720
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	310	225	85
50. Visual and performing arts	40	10	35	1,060	430	630
Humanities	45	30	20	1,460	555	905
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	125	20	105
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	440	110	325
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	335	120	215
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	90	65	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	0	175	115	65
54. History	0	10	0	215	120	95
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	80	10	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	105	20	90	4,900	1,185	3,720
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	0	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	615	190	420
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	10	40	1,110	55	1,050
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	1,025	165	860
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	100	20	85
42. Psychology	20	0	20	765	135	630
45. Social sciences	25	10	15	1,250	610	645
Business, management and public administration	350	80	270	7,350	2,475	4,880
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	35	875	95	780
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	310	75	230	6,475	2,385	4,090
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	15	15	990	490	505
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	10	0	395	155	240
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	260	125	140
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	10	10	10	245	165	80
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	80	45	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	0	1,180	780	405
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	965	665	295
25. Library science	0	0	0	35	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	165	100	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	535	515	15	9,315	8,750	565
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	175	155	25
14. Engineering	30	25	0	930	805	130
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	85	75	15	2,505	2,240	260
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	195	190	0	2,040	1,975	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	160	160	0	2,430	2,355	75
48. Precision production	65	65	0	1,240	1,215	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	20	35	705	450	255
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	10	20	400	255	145
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	15	305	200	105
Health and related fields	335	45	290	6,755	960	5,790
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	0	10	665	335	340
51. Health professions and related programs	315	40	275	6,035	605	5,430
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	50	25	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	165	90	75	3,365	1,735	1,640
12. Personal and culinary services	120	40	80	1,370	250	1,120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	15	0	1,540	1,060	485
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	440	410	30
Other	0	0	0	15	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,485	1,180	1,305	49,940	24,305	25,630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,215	615	595	17,910	9,830	8,070
Education	85	25	60	1,955	470	1,480
13. Education	85	25	60	1,955	470	1,480
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	0	25	1,070	455	615
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	215	140	75
50. Visual and performing arts	30	0	30	855	310	535
Humanities	20	10	15	1,070	405	665
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	70	10	60
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	320	85	240
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	235	90	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	55	35	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	135	85	55
54. History	0	0	0	180	100	85
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	70	10	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	15	65	4,140	945	3,200
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	520	150	365
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30	910	35	880
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	920	120	795
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	85	15	70
42. Psychology	10	0	10	620	100	515
45. Social sciences	25	10	15	1,060	510	545
Business, management and public administration	255	45	205	6,165	2,060	4,105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	0	30	740	80	660
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	215	45	170	5,425	1,980	3,445
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	0	20	805	375	430
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	325	125	195
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	210	95	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	185	115	70
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	70	40	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	1,035	710	325
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	860	620	240
25. Library science	0	0	0	25	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	135	80	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	355	335	20	7,070	6,615	455
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	140	120	20
14. Engineering	15	20	0	665	550	115
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	70	55	15	1,920	1,740	185
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	140	135	0	1,535	1,490	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	95	95	0	1,870	1,800	70
48. Precision production	30	25	0	935	920	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	20	30	555	335	220
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	10	15	300	175	120
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	10	260	165	100
Health and related fields	240	35	210	5,530	785	4,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	15	555	270	285
51. Health professions and related programs	225	30	195	4,930	495	4,435
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	40	15	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	60	60	2,630	1,325	1,305
12. Personal and culinary services	80	20	60	1,080	175	905
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	15	15	0	1,225	850	380
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0	315	290	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,075	1,925	2,150	74,065	36,125	37,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,235	1,050	1,185	34,120	17,520	16,605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,840	870	960	39,940	18,610	21,335
Location of study inside Canada	1,690	800	885	36,645	16,875	19,770
Same as province or territory of residence	1,340	620	715	34,705	15,985	18,725
Different than province or territory of residence	350	175	170	1,935	890	1,050
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	155	75	80	3,300	1,735	1,565
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	25	35	785	465	320
Philippines	10	0	0	165	50	110
India	0	0	0	105	45	60
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	25	10	905	525	385
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	40	10	30
France	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other	45	25	25	1,290	630	665
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,490	1,180	1,305	49,935	24,310	25,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,215	615	600	17,905	9,835	8,075
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,275	560	710	32,035	14,470	17,560
Location of study inside Canada	1,185	525	660	29,795	13,385	16,415
Same as province or territory of residence	950	400	550	28,300	12,700	15,605
Different than province or territory of residence	230	130	105	1,490	685	810
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	90	40	55	2,235	1,090	1,145
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	10	20	610	365	250
Philippines	0	0	0	120	35	80
India	0	10	0	105	50	55
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	405	220	185
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	25	0	25
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	30	15	20	960	415	545
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,075	1,925	2,150	74,065	36,125	37,940
In the labour force	2,290	1,180	1,110	51,440	26,405	25,035
Employed	2,140	1,080	1,060	47,650	24,305	23,345
Unemployed	150	100	50	3,785	2,100	1,690
Not in the labour force	1,785	745	1,040	22,620	9,715	12,900
Participation rate	56.2	61.3	51.6	69.5	73.1	66.0
Employment rate	52.5	56.1	49.3	64.3	67.3	61.5
Unemployment rate	6.6	8.5	4.5	7.4	8.0	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,080	1,925	2,150	74,060	36,120	37,940
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,575	665	910	21,140	8,965	12,175
Worked	2,500	1,265	1,240	52,925	27,160	25,760
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,215	670	545	29,520	16,715	12,805
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,285	595	695	23,405	10,445	12,960
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.1	41.0	43.8	44.5	43.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,290	1,180	1,110	51,440	26,405	25,035
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	20	1,050	485	560
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,245	1,160	1,090	50,395	25,915	24,475
Employee	1,965	995	965	45,630	23,020	22,615
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	280	160	120	4,755	2,895	1,860
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,290	1,180	1,110	51,440	26,400	25,035
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	20	1,045	490	560
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,245	1,155	1,090	50,390	25,915	24,475
0 Management occupations	205	105	100	5,205	3,265	1,945
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	280	75	205	7,505	1,755	5,750
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	85	65	20	2,790	2,205	585
3 Health occupations	160	10	150	3,640	480	3,160
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	200	60	145	6,520	1,990	4,535
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	10	35	1,240	500	745
6 Sales and service occupations	605	265	335	10,965	4,510	6,450
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	430	410	20	8,510	7,945	570
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	80	50	35	895	745	150
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	165	115	50	3,120	2,530	590
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,290	1,180	1,110	51,440	26,405	25,035
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	20	1,050	490	565
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,245	1,155	1,090	50,390	25,915	24,475
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65	40	25	860	585	270
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	10	115	85	30
22 Utilities	40	35	0	2,190	1,705	480
23 Construction	190	180	15	4,660	4,150	510
31-33 Manufacturing	315	220	95	4,700	3,635	1,065
41 Wholesale trade	80	45	35	1,525	1,085	435
44-45 Retail trade	350	175	170	5,510	2,400	3,110
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	80	70	10	2,195	1,615	575
51 Information and cultural industries	20	15	10	970	555	415
52 Finance and insurance	65	20	50	1,915	730	1,185
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	30	10	845	430	415
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	100	35	60	2,910	1,360	1,550
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	60	25	35
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	10	20	2,190	1,295	900
61 Educational services	110	45	60	4,140	1,145	2,990
62 Health care and social assistance	270	20	250	6,230	755	5,475
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	10	35	1,005	525	480
72 Accommodation and food services	160	75	85	2,960	1,105	1,865
81 Other services (except public administration)	150	50	100	2,060	955	1,105
91 Public administration	110	55	55	3,355	1,775	1,580
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,140	1,080	1,060	47,655	24,305	23,350
Worked at home	125	75	45	2,960	1,440	1,520
Worked outside Canada	10	10	10	65	55	10
No fixed workplace address	230	165	65	5,445	4,080	1,365
Worked at usual place	1,780	840	940	39,180	18,725	20,455
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,780	835	940	39,180	18,725	20,455
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	700	340	355	11,025	4,885	6,140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	930	400	535	18,320	8,065	10,255
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	140	90	50	9,715	5,690	4,025
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	115	80	40
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,005	1,000	1,010	44,625	22,805	21,815
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,665	830	835	38,025	19,785	18,240
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	85	45	45	2,625	1,380	1,250
Public transit	30	10	15	2,365	920	1,450
Walked	180	80	105	1,120	485	635
Bicycle	25	20	10	95	70	25
Other method	20	20	0	395	175	225
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,010	1,000	1,005	44,625	22,810	21,820
Less than 15 minutes	800	410	395	10,005	4,280	5,725
15 to 29 minutes	785	355	425	14,485	6,715	7,770
30 to 44 minutes	270	130	145	8,515	4,410	4,110
45 to 59 minutes	75	45	30	3,725	2,350	1,375
60 minutes and over	85	65	20	7,890	5,050	2,845
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,010	1,000	1,010	44,630	22,805	21,820
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	235	150	85	5,295	3,850	1,440
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	385	245	140	9,645	5,950	3,690
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	545	245	300	10,825	4,935	5,890
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	360	155	205	7,310	2,420	4,885
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	185	45	140	3,900	1,385	2,515
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	295	160	140	7,660	4,260	3,400
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,550	1,275	1,270	54,170	27,725	26,445
Single responses	2,545	1,270	1,270	53,915	27,630	26,290
Official languages	2,545	1,270	1,270	53,745	27,490	26,255
English	2,540	1,265	1,270	53,480	27,420	26,060
French	0	0	0	265	65	200
Non-official languages	10	0	0	175	145	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	175	145	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	155	140	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	15	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	10	0	15	10	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	130	125	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	125	125	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	255	95	160
English and French	10	10	0	185	70	120
English and non-official language	0	0	0	65	25	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,550	1,280	1,270	54,170	27,725	26,445
None	2,530	1,270	1,260	53,090	27,270	25,820
English	10	0	0	200	45	150
French	10	0	0	595	255	340
Non-official language	10	0	0	280	140	135
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	10	280	140	140
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	4,890	2,335	2,555	90,185	44,330	45,855
Non-movers	4,330	2,090	2,240	81,385	40,000	41,385
Movers	555	245	310	8,800	4,330	4,470
Non-migrants	210	95	110	3,635	1,715	1,920
Migrants	350	150	200	5,165	2,615	2,545
Internal migrants	340	145	195	4,995	2,520	2,480
Intraprovincial migrants	280	120	160	4,705	2,340	2,365
Interprovincial migrants	65	25	35	290	175	115
External migrants	10	0	10	165	95	70
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	4,675	2,215	2,460	85,605	42,000	43,605
Non-movers	2,845	1,315	1,530	56,020	27,670	28,355
Movers	1,830	900	925	29,590	14,330	15,250
Non-migrants	850	420	430	12,995	6,185	6,810
Migrants	980	480	500	16,590	8,145	8,445
Internal migrants	970	480	490	16,100	7,925	8,175
Intraprovincial migrants	740	370	375	15,455	7,600	7,855
Interprovincial migrants	225	110	115	645	320	325
External migrants	15	0	10	490	225	265

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Armstrong, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Clarington, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Clarington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Clarington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Clarington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario