Census Profile, 2016 Census
Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Niagara-on-the-Lake, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Armstrong, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Niagara-on-the-Lake, T Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Niagara-on-the-Lake, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,114	...	...	17,511	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	4,830 ^r	...	...	15,400	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.9	...	...	13.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,143	...	...	7,964	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,132	...	...	7,089	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	979.8	...	...	131.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5.22	...	...	132.81	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,115	2,390	2,720	17,510	8,575	8,940
0 to 14 years	795	395	400	2,080	1,075	1,010
0 to 4 years	250	125	125	590	300	290
5 to 9 years	290	140	145	715	360	355
10 to 14 years	260	130	130	780	415	360
15 to 64 years	2,995	1,405	1,595	10,020	4,955	5,065
15 to 19 years	275	145	125	795	415	375
20 to 24 years	205	85	120	880	445	430
25 to 29 years	235	120	120	725	375	350
30 to 34 years	305	150	150	615	320	295
35 to 39 years	265	140	125	665	330	335
40 to 44 years	270	120	150	785	385	405
45 to 49 years	300	135	165	930	465	465
50 to 54 years	365	160	205	1,275	620	660
55 to 59 years	385	180	210	1,540	705	835
60 to 64 years	395	165	230	1,805	885	920
65 years and over	1,320	595	725	5,415	2,555	2,865
65 to 69 years	365	170	195	1,770	820	950
70 to 74 years	285	140	140	1,375	695	680
75 to 79 years	245	95	150	925	465	455
80 to 84 years	185	85	95	645	300	345
85 years and over	245	100	150	700	265	435
85 to 89 years	150	55	95	425	195	235
90 to 94 years	80	35	50	210	70	145
95 to 99 years	20	5	10	55	10	45
100 years and over	0	0	5	5	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	16.5	14.7	11.9	12.5	11.3
15 to 64 years	58.6	58.8	58.6	57.2	57.8	56.7
65 years and over	25.8	24.9	26.7	30.9	29.8	32.0
85 years and over	4.8	4.2	5.5	4.0	3.1	4.9
Average age of the population	45.9	44.7	46.9	49.6	48.6	50.5
Median age of the population	48.7	46.2	50.2	55.0	53.9	55.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,130	...	...	7,090	...	...
Single-detached house	1,500	...	...	5,765	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	635	...	...	1,305	...	...
Semi-detached house	125	...	...	350	...	...
Row house	175	...	...	645	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	65	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	265	...	...	270	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,135	...	...	7,090	...	...
1 person	595	...	...	1,540	...	...
2 persons	835	...	...	3,380	...	...
3 persons	320	...	...	875	...	...
4 persons	265	...	...	805	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...	485	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,930	...	...	16,880	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,320	1,995	2,320	15,435	7,505	7,930
Married or living common law	2,590	1,295	1,295	10,330	5,220	5,110
Married	2,155	1,080	1,075	9,440	4,755	4,680
Living common law	435	215	220	890	465	430
Not married and not living common law	1,725	705	1,020	5,100	2,280	2,815
Never married	830	435	400	2,960	1,630	1,330
Separated	190	75	115	320	145	175
Divorced	360	120	240	700	285	420
Widowed	350	80	270	1,120	225	895
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,505	...	...	5,500	...	...
2 persons	875	...	...	3,535	...	...
3 persons	310	...	...	815	...	...
4 persons	225	...	...	765	...	...
5 or more persons	85	...	...	385	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,505	...	...	5,495	...	...
Total couple families	1,265	...	...	5,005	...	...
Married couples	1,055	...	...	4,560	...	...
Common-law couples	215	...	...	445	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	235	...	...	490	...	...
Female parent	180	...	...	390	...	...
Male parent	50	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,270	...	...	5,005	...	...
Couples without children	740	...	...	3,195	...	...
Couples with children	530	...	...	1,815	...	...
1 child	235	...	...	700	...	...
2 children	215	...	...	735	...	...
3 or more children	85	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	235	...	...	490	...	...
1 child	140	...	...	340	...	...
2 children	75	...	...	120	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	860	350	510	2,195	935	1,260
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,130	...	...	7,090	...	...
One-census-family households	1,435	...	...	5,305	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	705	...	...	3,095	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	725	...	...	2,210	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	35	...	...	95	...	...
Non-census-family households	665	...	...	1,690	...	...
One-person households	590	...	...	1,535	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	75	...	...	150	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,005	2,350	2,650	17,095	8,455	8,640
English only	4,835	2,275	2,555	15,445	7,720	7,730
French only	0	0	0	0	0	5
English and French	165	70	95	1,480	650	830
Neither English nor French	10	5	0	175	90	85
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,005	2,355	2,650	17,095	8,460	8,640
English	4,935	2,320	2,610	16,620	8,235	8,385
French	60	30	35	265	115	145
English and French	0	0	0	45	20	25
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	170	90	80
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	60	30	30	285	125	160
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.3	1.1	1.7	1.5	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,005	2,350	2,650	17,100	8,460	8,640
Single responses	4,980	2,340	2,640	16,845	8,350	8,495
Official languages	4,710	2,215	2,490	13,320	6,615	6,700
English	4,645	2,190	2,450	13,045	6,500	6,545
French	70	30	40	270	120	150
Non-official languages	270	125	145	3,530	1,730	1,795
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	265	120	140	3,525	1,730	1,800
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	75	35	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	75	40	35
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	5	5	5	55	30	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	65	20	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	55	20	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	210	100	115	2,960	1,485	1,475
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	545	245	305
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Slavic languages	35	15	15	510	230	285
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Croatian	0	5	0	30	15	15
Czech	5	5	0	10	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	165	70	95
Russian	5	5	5	120	55	65
Serbian	5	5	5	25	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ukrainian	10	5	5	85	40	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	155	75	80	1,495	755	740
Afrikaans	5	5	5	10	10	5
Danish	10	0	0	15	10	10
Dutch	50	20	25	205	110	95
Frisian	5	0	0	10	5	5
German	85	45	45	1,255	620	625
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	145	70	75
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	5	110	55	50
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	30	15	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	30	20	15
Iranian languages	5	0	5	30	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	710	380	335
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	425	225	200
Portuguese	5	0	0	70	30	35
Romanian	5	5	0	30	15	15
Spanish	0	0	0	190	105	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	20	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	45	20	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	195	85	110
Chinese languages	15	5	5	190	80	105
Cantonese	0	0	0	40	20	15
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	125	55	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	15	5	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	20	5	15
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	85	35	50
Estonian	0	0	5	25	5	15
Finnish	5	0	0	10	5	10
Hungarian	5	5	0	50	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	15	15	250	105	145
English and French	10	0	5	35	10	30
English and non-official language	10	10	5	200	90	110
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,005	2,350	2,650	17,100	8,460	8,640
Single responses	4,970	2,340	2,635	16,615	8,235	8,380
Official languages	4,920	2,315	2,610	15,485	7,670	7,810
English	4,920	2,315	2,605	15,415	7,645	7,775
French	5	0	0	70	30	35
Non-official languages	50	25	30	1,130	565	570
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	25	25	1,130	565	565
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	35	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	35	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	35	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	15	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	15	10	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	10	890	450	440
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	5	165	70	90
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	5	5	5	160	70	85
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Russian	0	0	0	65	30	30
Serbian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	400	205	190
Afrikaans	5	0	5	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	5	365	190	175
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	60	30	35
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	45	20	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	20	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	5	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	5	245	130	115
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	5	80	35	45
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	0	0	0	125	75	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	0	15	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	30	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	100	45	55
Chinese languages	10	5	5	100	45	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	5	5	75	35	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	10	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	485	225	260
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	5
English and non-official language	25	15	15	465	215	245
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,000	2,355	2,650	17,095	8,455	8,640
None	4,875	2,295	2,580	15,160	7,540	7,615
English	25	15	15	550	290	265
French	15	10	10	165	70	95
Non-official language	80	35	45	1,195	545	655
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	80	40	40	1,195	540	655
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,130	1,930	2,200	14,805	7,240	7,565
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,000	1,865	2,135	14,505	7,105	7,400
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,987	41,600	24,736	37,208	46,425	30,306
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,005	1,870	2,135	14,515	7,110	7,405
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,713	36,535	23,755	33,488	40,909	27,176
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,650	1,750	1,895	13,665	6,785	6,875
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,560	36,523	19,928	32,396	41,376	25,335
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,940	1,210	1,730	10,710	5,050	5,660
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,567	10,528	7,661	8,388	8,437	8,241
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,850	1,425	1,425	9,895	5,260	4,635
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,608	41,728	21,717	25,459	30,001	22,016
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,080	1,925	2,150	14,810	7,240	7,570
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,965	1,870	2,095	14,535	7,095	7,440
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,857	47,190	31,435	53,713	66,153	41,847
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,975	1,875	2,100	14,550	7,105	7,445
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,568	39,846	27,976	43,764	53,094	34,866
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,635	1,750	1,885	13,715	6,835	6,880
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,091	43,259	27,498	50,131	62,284	38,061
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,945	1,255	1,690	10,820	5,070	5,745
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,029	9,907	8,377	8,610	8,619	8,602
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,830	1,425	1,400	9,895	5,335	4,565
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,838	43,341	28,214	44,947	52,752	35,827
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,075	1,930	2,150	14,810	7,240	7,565
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,200	660	540	3,985	2,385	1,605
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,529	57,769	41,225	57,195	63,534	49,023
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,780	59,948	46,281	71,781	82,065	56,495
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.6	86.9	76.7	88.4	90.9	84.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.0	71.5	58.3	56.0	59.4	50.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.4	13.2	23.2	11.6	9.1	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,130	1,930	2,205	14,810	7,240	7,570
Without total income	135	60	70	305	135	170
With total income	4,000	1,865	2,130	14,505	7,105	7,400
Percentage with total income	96.9	96.6	96.6	97.9	98.1	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	475	135	345	1,845	725	1,125
$10,000 to $19,999	765	270	490	2,295	890	1,405
$20,000 to $29,999	670	245	420	1,890	745	1,145
$30,000 to $39,999	550	245	305	1,655	785	870
$40,000 to $49,999	425	205	220	1,315	650	670
$50,000 to $59,999	330	180	145	1,155	605	550
$60,000 to $69,999	240	175	65	945	515	430
$70,000 to $79,999	175	115	60	735	440	300
$80,000 to $89,999	120	80	40	575	335	240
$90,000 to $99,999	75	60	15	480	280	195
$100,000 and over	175	145	30	1,615	1,140	475
$100,000 to $149,999	130	110	20	950	635	315
$150,000 and over	45	30	10	660	505	160
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,130	1,930	2,205	14,810	7,240	7,570
Without after-tax income	130	55	70	295	135	160
With after-tax income	4,005	1,870	2,135	14,515	7,110	7,410
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	96.9	96.8	98.0	98.2	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	500	145	350	2,035	755	1,280
$10,000 to $19,999	805	290	515	2,410	945	1,465
$20,000 to $29,999	775	300	480	2,105	855	1,255
$30,000 to $39,999	635	295	345	1,895	925	975
$40,000 to $49,999	470	250	215	1,530	775	750
$50,000 to $59,999	305	210	95	1,230	690	540
$60,000 to $69,999	205	140	65	965	580	385
$70,000 to $79,999	125	85	40	710	430	275
$80,000 and over	190	150	35	1,635	1,155	480
$80,000 to $89,999	80	70	10	430	275	155
$90,000 to $99,999	40	30	10	300	200	100
$100,000 and over	70	50	15	905	680	225
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,130	1,925	2,205	14,805	7,240	7,570
Without employment income	1,285	505	780	4,910	1,975	2,935
With employment income	2,845	1,425	1,425	9,895	5,265	4,635
Percentage with employment income	68.9	74.0	64.6	66.8	72.7	61.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	540	235	310	2,065	1,120	945
$5,000 to $9,999	220	90	125	910	410	495
$10,000 to $19,999	365	140	225	1,380	660	720
$20,000 to $29,999	350	130	220	1,010	435	570
$30,000 to $39,999	285	105	180	845	415	430
$40,000 to $49,999	250	115	135	635	325	315
$50,000 to $59,999	225	125	95	590	305	275
$60,000 to $69,999	180	140	45	425	230	195
$70,000 to $79,999	140	105	35	385	220	160
$80,000 and over	290	240	50	1,660	1,140	520
$80,000 to $89,999	105	75	30	355	215	140
$90,000 to $99,999	55	50	5	315	180	135
$100,000 and over	130	115	20	985	750	240
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,135	...	...	7,085	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,561	...	...	85,466	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,422	...	...	73,802	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	590	...	...	1,535	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,272	...	...	43,456	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,904	...	...	38,464	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,540	...	...	5,550	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,104	...	...	98,480	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,736	...	...	84,892	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,135	...	...	7,090	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,282	...	...	110,144	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,548	...	...	89,799	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	585	...	...	1,535	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,081	...	...	56,757	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,686	...	...	46,980	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,550	...	...	5,555	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,864	...	...	124,922	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,128	...	...	101,651	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,130	...	...	7,090	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	95	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	70	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	115	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...	120	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	110	...	...	215	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	185	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	115	...	...	225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	120	...	...	265	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	265	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	275	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	185	...	...	490	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	175	...	...	500	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	155	...	...	470	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	150	...	...	485	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...	410	...	...
$100,000 and over	505	...	...	2,905	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	225	...	...	820	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	120	...	...	605	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	115	...	...	750	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,135	...	...	7,090	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	110	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	80	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...	135	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	115	...	...	240	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	120	...	...	205	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...	260	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	130	...	...	330	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...	300	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	115	...	...	320	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	195	...	...	610	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	225	...	...	585	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	175	...	...	610	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	155	...	...	495	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	120	...	...	440	...	...
$100,000 and over	320	...	...	2,245	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	165	...	...	835	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	85	...	...	540	...	...
$150,000 and over	75	...	...	870	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,490	...	...	5,435	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,284	...	...	98,962	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,627	...	...	85,248	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	695	...	...	3,050	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,779	...	...	89,996	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,184	...	...	78,256	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	540	...	...	1,825	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,907	...	...	124,672	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,848	...	...	106,350	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	215	...	...	455	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,328	...	...	64,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,848	...	...	58,816	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,510	...	...	5,435	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,860	...	...	125,666	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,235	...	...	102,152	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	720	...	...	3,035	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,262	...	...	120,621	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,268	...	...	96,319	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	550	...	...	1,840	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,287	...	...	146,854	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,669	...	...	121,094	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	210	...	...	445	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,678	...	...	73,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,279	...	...	63,566	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	755	300	460	1,945	845	1,105
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,600	33,856	28,064	38,162	36,096	39,552
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,200	30,112	26,261	34,091	32,512	35,346
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	720	275	455	1,920	865	1,060
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,956	39,688	33,712	50,933	53,801	48,591
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,527	34,085	29,988	42,379	43,240	41,677
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	4,930	2,325	2,610	16,880	8,310	8,570
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,765	1,255	1,515	6,515	3,140	3,375
In the bottom decile	395	165	230	1,175	600	570
In the second decile	580	245	330	1,195	535	655
In the third decile	595	275	315	1,300	620	685
In the fourth decile	595	280	320	1,330	640	690
In the fifth decile	600	280	320	1,515	740	770
In the top half of the distribution	2,160	1,070	1,095	10,365	5,170	5,195
In the sixth decile	610	305	300	1,565	745	815
In the seventh decile	520	245	275	1,950	965	980
In the eighth decile	450	220	225	1,920	970	950
In the ninth decile	400	195	205	2,340	1,185	1,150
In the top decile	190	100	95	2,600	1,305	1,295
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,930	2,320	2,605	16,880	8,310	8,570
0 to 17 years	965	480	485	2,530	1,320	1,210
0 to 5 years	300	145	155	705	360	350
18 to 64 years	2,810	1,305	1,505	9,345	4,550	4,795
65 years and over	1,155	530	620	5,005	2,435	2,565
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	670	280	395	1,675	800	870
0 to 17 years	175	90	85	360	180	180
0 to 5 years	70	40	30	125	70	60
18 to 64 years	330	125	195	1,050	505	540
65 years and over	170	60	110	265	120	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.6	12.1	15.2	9.9	9.6	10.2
0 to 17 years (%)	18.1	18.8	17.5	14.2	13.6	14.9
0 to 5 years (%)	23.3	27.6	19.4	17.7	19.4	17.1
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	9.6	13.0	11.2	11.1	11.3
65 years and over (%)	14.7	11.3	17.7	5.3	4.9	5.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	210	90	120	780	405	380
0 to 17 years	45	25	25	135	75	60
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	35	25	15
18 to 64 years	150	65	90	595	305	290
65 years and over	10	5	5	50	20	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	3.9	4.6	4.6	4.9	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	4.7	5.2	5.2	5.3	5.7	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	6.9	3.2	5.0	6.9	4.3
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3	5.0	6.0	6.4	6.7	6.0
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.9	0.8	1.0	0.8	1.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	4,925	2,345	2,585	16,880	8,310	8,570
Official languages	4,905	2,335	2,575	16,785	8,260	8,520
English	4,910	2,335	2,575	16,780	8,265	8,520
French	190	70	120	1,470	605	870
Non-official languages	380	165	215	4,325	2,085	2,240
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	375	165	215	4,320	2,085	2,235
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	85	35	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	10	85	35	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	65	25	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	10	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	65	20	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	15	60	25	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	145	170	3,655	1,795	1,860
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	530	250	280
Baltic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Latvian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slavic languages	50	30	25	520	245	270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	180	90	95
Russian	10	0	0	165	60	100
Serbian	15	10	10	20	0	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	10	0	15	10	0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	100	45	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	170	85	85	1,930	960	975
Afrikaans	20	10	10	20	15	0
Danish	10	10	0	15	10	10
Dutch	45	15	30	260	145	115
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	105	60	45	1,645	795	850
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Greek	10	0	10	75	40	35
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	160	60	100
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	10	110	30	80
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	45	20	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	30	10	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iranian languages	10	10	0	50	30	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	20	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	25	45	1,085	565	520
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0	525	275	250
Portuguese	10	10	10	90	45	50
Romanian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Spanish	55	15	45	460	225	230
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	95	40	50
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	0	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	0	20	240	120	125
Chinese languages	20	10	20	240	115	125
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	30	20
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	20	0	15	190	95	95
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	30	20	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	115	45	75
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Finnish	10	0	10	20	0	20
Hungarian	10	10	0	75	30	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	4,930	2,350	2,580	16,880	8,310	8,570
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	4,825	2,300	2,520	16,135	7,960	8,175
Canadian citizens aged under 18	970	485	480	2,435	1,270	1,165
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,860	1,815	2,045	13,700	6,690	7,010
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	100	45	55	740	350	395
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	4,930	2,345	2,580	16,880	8,310	8,570
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,510	2,165	2,345	12,410	6,165	6,245
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	415	175	240	4,325	2,070	2,255
Before 1981	260	115	140	2,595	1,280	1,315
1981 to 1990	25	10	10	500	240	255
1991 to 2000	60	25	25	435	205	235
2001 to 2010	45	15	35	535	230	300
2001 to 2005	30	10	20	280	130	150
2006 to 2010	20	10	15	250	100	150
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	30	10	15	265	110	150
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	10	0	150	80	70
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	410	175	235	4,325	2,065	2,260
Under 5 years	80	25	50	580	295	295
5 to 14 years	100	50	50	880	425	460
15 to 24 years	80	30	50	1,170	515	650
25 to 44 years	135	55	75	1,480	725	760
45 years and over	20	10	0	215	115	100
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	415	175	235	4,325	2,070	2,255
Americas	65	10	50	935	445	490
Brazil	0	0	10	35	15	25
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	25	10	15
Guyana	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	20	15
Mexico	0	0	0	290	155	135
Peru	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	20	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	0	40	285	125	160
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	215	110	105
Europe	255	135	120	2,735	1,350	1,385
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	25	20	0
France	0	0	0	40	15	25
Germany	60	35	25	310	135	175
Greece	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hungary	0	10	0	20	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	50	15	35
Italy	10	0	0	275	125	145
Netherlands	35	15	20	205	90	110
Poland	0	0	0	135	75	60
Portugal	0	0	0	45	25	25
Romania	0	0	0	70	35	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	80	25	50
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	10	20	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	115	45	75
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	100	50	50	1,120	600	520
Other places of birth in Europe	30	20	10	205	100	105
Africa	15	0	10	75	35	45
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	20	15
Asia	60	20	40	540	220	325
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	130	60	70
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	10	10
India	10	10	10	80	25	55
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	35	10	25
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	45	20	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Philippines	10	0	10	70	35	40
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	95	35	65
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	0	15	30	20	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	30	15	15	265	110	150
Americas	0	0	0	125	65	55
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	100	55	45
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	20	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	75	20	55
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	25	0	20
Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	15	0	10	60	20	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	4,930	2,345	2,580	16,880	8,310	8,570
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	430	185	240	4,610	2,245	2,365
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	960	455	500	4,790	2,355	2,440
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,540	1,700	1,840	7,480	3,710	3,765
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	155	60	95	1,800	810	990
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	80	25	50	935	455	480
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	40	15	20	390	300	90
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	45	15	30	545	160	390
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	50	20	35	570	200	375
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	15	0	205	105	100
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	10	90	50	35
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,925	2,350	2,580	16,880	8,310	8,570
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	345	125	220	100	35	60
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	320	115	205	100	35	65
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	125	50	80	65	30	35
Métis	195	70	125	35	10	25
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,585	2,225	2,360	16,780	8,270	8,505
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	4,925	2,345	2,580	16,880	8,310	8,570
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	70	15	50	25	0	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,855	2,330	2,530	16,855	8,300	8,555
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	4,930	2,345	2,585	16,880	8,310	8,570
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25	15	15	10	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	30	15	15	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	0	10	0	10
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	435	185	250	160	75	90
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	410	165	245	160	75	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	250	120	135	105	40	65
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	50	105	60	30	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,465	2,150	2,315	16,710	8,240	8,470
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,925	2,350	2,580	16,880	8,310	8,570
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	165	95	70	1,255	515	745
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	10	0	250	90	160
Chinese	30	10	20	320	135	185
Black	15	15	0	125	55	70
Filipino	15	0	15	100	35	65
Latin American	0	0	0	120	55	65
Arab	10	10	0	55	15	35
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	80	20	60
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	0	20	0	15
Korean	10	0	0	90	45	45
Japanese	50	45	10	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	10	10	65	35	30
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,760	2,250	2,510	15,625	7,800	7,825
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,925	2,345	2,580	16,880	8,310	8,570
North American Aboriginal origins	465	195	265	170	75	100
First Nations (North American Indian)	285	140	150	115	45	70
Inuit	20	10	0	0	0	0
Métis	200	75	125	55	30	25
Other North American origins	1,405	675	725	3,625	1,805	1,825
Acadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
American	80	40	45	205	95	115
Canadian	1,350	650	700	3,420	1,710	1,705
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	4,310	2,040	2,265	14,305	7,020	7,285
British Isles origins	2,855	1,330	1,525	8,010	3,890	4,120
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,855	810	1,050	4,735	2,225	2,510
Irish	1,205	575	635	2,880	1,275	1,610
Manx	0	0	0	15	0	10
Scottish	1,350	595	750	3,175	1,610	1,570
Welsh	190	90	95	305	175	130
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	140	75	60	685	355	330
French origins	720	315	405	1,260	595	670
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	720	315	400	1,260	595	670
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,635	745	890	4,615	2,190	2,430
Austrian	45	25	15	135	60	80
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	55	15	40	60	20	35
Dutch	485	195	290	1,490	715	775
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	1,185	565	620	3,320	1,570	1,750
Luxembourger	15	10	10	0	0	10
Swiss	70	25	45	50	25	25
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	640	320	325	260	105	155
Danish	145	65	75	50	10	35
Finnish	25	0	20	85	35	55
Icelandic	50	25	20	20	10	10
Norwegian	280	135	140	25	10	20
Swedish	155	70	85	75	40	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	0	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	750	355	395	2,985	1,495	1,490
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	25	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Czech	30	10	20	75	30	45
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	0	15	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Hungarian	60	30	35	305	150	150
Latvian	15	10	0	60	40	25
Lithuanian	10	0	10	70	30	45
Moldovan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Polish	155	95	60	1,030	535	500
Romanian	50	15	30	130	75	55
Russian	95	35	60	650	360	295
Slovak	0	0	0	70	35	30
Ukrainian	430	190	240	1,065	515	550
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Southern European origins	235	115	125	2,240	1,190	1,050
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10	55	35	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	130	70	60
Italian	130	60	70	1,615	865	745
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	50	35	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	145	80	70
Serbian	25	10	15	20	15	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovenian	15	10	0	40	25	15
Spanish	35	20	20	185	70	115
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	30	15	15	20	20	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	45	20	30	90	55	35
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	20	10	10	65	45	25
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	30	10	20	15	10	10
Caribbean origins	20	20	0	165	65	100
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaican	20	15	0	80	45	35
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	25	10	15
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	30	25	0	380	220	165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	10	30	15	20
Chilean	10	10	0	15	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	0	220	130	85
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	20	10	10	75	45	30
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	45	30	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	20	15	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other African origins	15	10	0	15	15	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Asian origins	225	145	80	1,160	485	680
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	40	25	10	220	115	100
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Armenian	10	10	0	50	15	30
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	10	25	10	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	45	20	25
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	15	15	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	0	35	25	10
Palestinian	15	0	10	10	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	35	25	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	50	40	10	300	105	190
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	50	40	10	260	90	165
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	25	15	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	15	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	135	80	55	650	270	380
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	40	10	25
Chinese	60	20	40	340	155	185
Filipino	30	0	25	115	50	65
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Japanese	70	60	10	20	15	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	95	45	55
Laotian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	30	15	15	35	20	15
Australian	25	10	15	25	10	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	20	15	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,130	...	...	7,090	...	...
Owner	1,710	...	...	6,215	...	...
Renter	420	...	...	875	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,130	...	...	7,090	...	...
Condominium	380	...	...	620	...	...
Not condominium	1,755	...	...	6,465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,135	...	...	7,090	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	180	...	...	305	...	...
2 bedrooms	570	...	...	1,510	...	...
3 bedrooms	725	...	...	3,050	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	655	...	...	2,215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,130	...	...	7,090	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	445	...	...	715	...	...
5 rooms	325	...	...	820	...	...
6 rooms	265	...	...	1,305	...	...
7 rooms	340	...	...	1,210	...	...
8 or more rooms	755	...	...	3,040	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,130	...	...	7,090	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,130	...	...	7,040	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,130	...	...	7,090	...	...
Suitable	2,090	...	...	6,910	...	...
Not suitable	45	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,135	...	...	7,085	...	...
1960 or before	335	...	...	1,785	...	...
1961 to 1980	605	...	...	1,405	...	...
1981 to 1990	250	...	...	720	...	...
1991 to 2000	530	...	...	695	...	...
2001 to 2005	105	...	...	760	...	...
2006 to 2010	230	...	...	695	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	85	...	...	1,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,130	...	...	7,090	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,010	...	...	6,830	...	...
Major repairs needed	120	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,135	...	...	7,090	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,255	...	...	3,825	...	...
2 household maintainers	840	...	...	3,195	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	40	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,130	...	...	7,090	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	85	...	...
25 to 34 years	225	...	...	420	...	...
35 to 44 years	325	...	...	665	...	...
45 to 54 years	320	...	...	1,100	...	...
55 to 64 years	475	...	...	1,780	...	...
65 to 74 years	405	...	...	1,800	...	...
75 to 84 years	265	...	...	910	...	...
85 years and over	105	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,130	...	...	6,875	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,685	...	...	5,500	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	440	...	...	1,375	...	...
30% to less than 100%	405	...	...	1,170	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,710	...	...	6,025	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.3	...	...	41.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.0	...	...	17.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	885	...	...	877	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	960	...	...	1,247	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	343,620	...	...	500,046	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	345,723	...	...	566,263	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	420	...	...	865	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.1	...	...	6.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.2	...	...	41.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	950	...	...	1,202	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,008	...	...	1,282	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,075	1,925	2,150	14,810	7,240	7,570
No certificate, diploma or degree	795	405	395	1,865	990	870
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,450	650	795	3,705	1,705	1,995
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,840	875	965	9,240	4,535	4,700
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	530	400	130	960	705	255
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	200	110	90	455	270	190
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	330	290	40	505	435	65
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	910	315	595	3,405	1,395	2,005
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	15	55	475	235	240
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	325	145	180	4,400	2,200	2,205
Bachelor's degree	200	90	115	2,760	1,340	1,415
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	10	35	390	210	175
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	10	155	85	70
Master's degree	75	50	25	955	460	490
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	150	105	50
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,485	1,175	1,305	8,160	3,945	4,220
No certificate, diploma or degree	255	155	100	620	365	260
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	955	465	495	1,775	855	930
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,275	565	710	5,760	2,730	3,035
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	320	250	70	515	405	110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	115	70	50	235	150	80
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	200	180	25	285	250	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	690	220	475	2,165	915	1,255
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	10	45	235	100	130
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	205	80	125	2,850	1,310	1,540
Bachelor's degree	145	60	85	1,795	830	970
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	20	250	140	115
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	95	40	55
Master's degree	45	25	20	640	280	355
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	70	30	40
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,075	1,930	2,150	14,810	7,240	7,570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,240	1,050	1,185	5,570	2,700	2,870
Education	155	40	110	740	140	600
13. Education	160	40	110	745	140	605
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	10	40	415	170	245
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	35	40	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	10	35	375	130	240
Humanities	45	30	20	660	285	380
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	85	25	55
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	175	55	120
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	145	55	90
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	0	65	35	30
54. History	0	10	0	135	90	45
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	10	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	105	20	90	1,160	465	695
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	125	40	85
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	10	40	225	20	205
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	150	55	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	0	15
42. Psychology	20	0	20	185	55	130
45. Social sciences	25	10	15	435	285	150
Business, management and public administration	350	80	270	2,125	990	1,140
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	35	125	30	95
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	310	75	230	1,995	955	1,040
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	15	15	395	235	155
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	10	0	160	85	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	60	30	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	10	10	10	150	115	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	20	10	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	0	260	155	105
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	140	85	60
25. Library science	0	0	0	45	10	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	80	65	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	535	515	15	1,535	1,460	70
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	45	35	0
14. Engineering	30	25	0	370	335	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	85	75	15	345	325	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	195	190	0	305	305	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	160	160	0	320	315	0
48. Precision production	65	65	0	150	145	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	20	35	285	205	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	10	20	230	160	70
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	15	55	45	10
Health and related fields	335	45	290	1,265	240	1,025
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	0	10	130	45	80
51. Health professions and related programs	315	40	275	1,105	170	935
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	30	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	165	90	75	395	200	195
12. Personal and culinary services	120	40	80	225	75	150
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	15	0	90	55	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	80	65	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,485	1,180	1,305	8,165	3,945	4,220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,215	615	595	2,400	1,215	1,185
Education	85	25	60	425	95	335
13. Education	85	25	60	425	90	335
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	0	25	315	115	190
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	30	30	0
50. Visual and performing arts	30	0	30	280	90	190
Humanities	20	10	15	335	140	195
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	50	15	40
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	65	20	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	80	20	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	30	15	15
54. History	0	0	0	70	55	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	80	15	65	760	260	505
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	75	30	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30	135	10	135
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	100	30	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	10	15
42. Psychology	10	0	10	120	30	85
45. Social sciences	25	10	15	290	155	140
Business, management and public administration	255	45	205	1,315	595	720
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	0	30	90	20	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	215	45	170	1,220	575	645
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	0	20	255	140	115
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	95	50	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	45	15	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	90	65	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	20	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	195	105	80
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	90	55	40
25. Library science	0	0	0	40	10	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	55	45	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	355	335	20	880	825	55
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	30	20	10
14. Engineering	15	20	0	205	170	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	70	55	15	205	190	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	140	135	0	175	175	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	95	95	0	175	170	0
48. Precision production	30	25	0	95	95	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	20	30	210	155	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	10	15	170	130	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	10	40	25	10
Health and related fields	240	35	210	800	140	660
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	15	70	30	45
51. Health professions and related programs	225	30	195	715	105	610
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	60	60	280	155	120
12. Personal and culinary services	80	20	60	160	70	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	15	0	75	45	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0	45	45	10
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,075	1,925	2,150	14,810	7,240	7,570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,235	1,050	1,185	5,570	2,700	2,870
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,840	870	960	9,240	4,535	4,700
Location of study inside Canada	1,690	800	885	7,480	3,645	3,840
Same as province or territory of residence	1,340	620	715	6,790	3,305	3,485
Different than province or territory of residence	350	175	170	695	335	355
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	155	75	80	1,760	895	865
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	25	35	545	260	290
Philippines	10	0	0	30	10	20
India	0	0	0	30	10	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	25	10	490	300	195
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	65	30	35
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	45	25	25	585	295	290
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,490	1,180	1,305	8,165	3,940	4,220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,215	615	600	2,400	1,215	1,185
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,275	560	710	5,765	2,730	3,035
Location of study inside Canada	1,185	525	660	4,785	2,270	2,515
Same as province or territory of residence	950	400	550	4,380	2,085	2,295
Different than province or territory of residence	230	130	105	405	185	220
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	90	40	55	975	455	520
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	10	20	355	155	200
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	10
India	0	10	0	25	10	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	175	100	75
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	55	25	35
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	30	15	20	345	165	185
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,075	1,925	2,150	14,810	7,240	7,570
In the labour force	2,290	1,180	1,110	8,370	4,420	3,950
Employed	2,140	1,080	1,060	8,000	4,230	3,775
Unemployed	150	100	50	365	195	175
Not in the labour force	1,785	745	1,040	6,440	2,820	3,625
Participation rate	56.2	61.3	51.6	56.5	61.0	52.2
Employment rate	52.5	56.1	49.3	54.0	58.4	49.9
Unemployment rate	6.6	8.5	4.5	4.4	4.4	4.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,080	1,925	2,150	14,810	7,240	7,565
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,575	665	910	5,745	2,500	3,245
Worked	2,500	1,265	1,240	9,060	4,740	4,320
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,215	670	545	4,190	2,500	1,695
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,285	595	695	4,870	2,240	2,630
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.1	41.0	42.0	43.0	40.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,290	1,180	1,110	8,370	4,420	3,950
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	20	100	45	50
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,245	1,160	1,090	8,270	4,375	3,895
Employee	1,965	995	965	6,390	3,285	3,105
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	280	160	120	1,880	1,090	795
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,290	1,180	1,110	8,370	4,420	3,945
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	20	100	45	55
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,245	1,155	1,090	8,270	4,375	3,895
0 Management occupations	205	105	100	1,570	1,025	550
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	280	75	205	1,120	345	770
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	85	65	20	440	375	65
3 Health occupations	160	10	150	510	105	405
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	200	60	145	830	305	530
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	10	35	315	125	185
6 Sales and service occupations	605	265	335	2,045	870	1,175
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	430	410	20	855	810	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	80	50	35	375	250	125
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	165	115	50	220	165	55
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,290	1,180	1,110	8,365	4,420	3,950
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	20	100	45	50
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,245	1,155	1,090	8,270	4,375	3,895
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65	40	25	545	335	205
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	10	0	10	0
22 Utilities	40	35	0	35	30	0
23 Construction	190	180	15	505	460	50
31-33 Manufacturing	315	220	95	640	455	185
41 Wholesale trade	80	45	35	370	265	110
44-45 Retail trade	350	175	170	935	390	545
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	80	70	10	305	200	110
51 Information and cultural industries	20	15	10	110	65	50
52 Finance and insurance	65	20	50	305	160	140
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	30	10	205	105	100
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	100	35	60	640	335	305
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	10	20	365	210	155
61 Educational services	110	45	60	565	190	375
62 Health care and social assistance	270	20	250	735	155	575
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	10	35	420	265	155
72 Accommodation and food services	160	75	85	925	405	515
81 Other services (except public administration)	150	50	100	300	145	155
91 Public administration	110	55	55	365	195	170
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,140	1,080	1,060	8,000	4,225	3,775
Worked at home	125	75	45	1,335	690	645
Worked outside Canada	10	10	10	100	70	30
No fixed workplace address	230	165	65	860	620	245
Worked at usual place	1,780	840	940	5,700	2,850	2,860
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,780	835	940	5,705	2,845	2,855
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	700	340	355	2,325	1,025	1,295
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	930	400	535	2,670	1,350	1,320
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	140	90	50	690	460	225
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	20	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,005	1,000	1,010	6,565	3,465	3,100
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,665	830	835	5,685	3,050	2,635
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	85	45	45	365	170	190
Public transit	30	10	15	65	25	40
Walked	180	80	105	280	135	140
Bicycle	25	20	10	95	45	50
Other method	20	20	0	80	40	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,010	1,000	1,005	6,565	3,465	3,100
Less than 15 minutes	800	410	395	2,605	1,265	1,345
15 to 29 minutes	785	355	425	2,450	1,210	1,240
30 to 44 minutes	270	130	145	780	495	290
45 to 59 minutes	75	45	30	255	180	75
60 minutes and over	85	65	20	470	315	160
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,010	1,000	1,010	6,570	3,465	3,100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	235	150	85	350	270	80
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	385	245	140	880	670	210
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	545	245	300	1,675	1,020	655
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	360	155	205	1,660	700	960
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	185	45	140	1,115	365	745
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	295	160	140	885	435	450
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,550	1,275	1,270	9,325	4,895	4,435
Single responses	2,545	1,270	1,270	9,255	4,855	4,400
Official languages	2,545	1,270	1,270	9,145	4,780	4,370
English	2,540	1,265	1,270	9,125	4,775	4,350
French	0	0	0	20	0	20
Non-official languages	10	0	0	105	75	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	105	75	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	65	55	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	60	50	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	60	50	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	25	15	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	70	40	35
English and French	10	10	0	25	15	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,550	1,280	1,270	9,330	4,895	4,430
None	2,530	1,270	1,260	8,895	4,670	4,220
English	10	0	0	70	40	30
French	10	0	0	135	55	85
Non-official language	10	0	0	215	125	90
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	10	215	125	90
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	4,890	2,335	2,555	16,755	8,230	8,525
Non-movers	4,330	2,090	2,240	14,535	7,085	7,445
Movers	555	245	310	2,225	1,140	1,080
Non-migrants	210	95	110	745	390	350
Migrants	350	150	200	1,475	745	730
Internal migrants	340	145	195	1,380	700	685
Intraprovincial migrants	280	120	160	1,295	650	640
Interprovincial migrants	65	25	35	85	45	40
External migrants	10	0	10	95	50	45
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	4,675	2,215	2,460	16,295	7,985	8,305
Non-movers	2,845	1,315	1,530	10,245	5,055	5,190
Movers	1,830	900	925	6,050	2,930	3,120
Non-migrants	850	420	430	1,735	835	900
Migrants	980	480	500	4,315	2,095	2,220
Internal migrants	970	480	490	3,895	1,875	2,020
Intraprovincial migrants	740	370	375	3,620	1,750	1,860
Interprovincial migrants	225	110	115	280	125	155
External migrants	15	0	10	420	220	200

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Armstrong, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Niagara-on-the-Lake, T [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 21, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Niagara-on-the-Lake, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Niagara-on-the-Lake, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Armstrong, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Niagara-on-the-Lake, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario