Census Profile, 2016 Census
Northern Interior Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Northern Interior Health Service Delivery Area British Columbia [Health region, December 2017]			Keremeos British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Northern Interior Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia Map : Northern Interior Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	140,452	...	...	1,714	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	138,994	...	...	1,479^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.0	...	...	15.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	63,384	...	...	874	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	57,608	...	...	816	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.8	...	...	602.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	172,522.62	...	...	2.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	140,450	71,085	69,370	1,715	825	890
0 to 14 years	24,625	12,695	11,930	180	90	90
0 to 4 years	7,745	4,000	3,745	50	25	25
5 to 9 years	8,720	4,515	4,205	60	30	35
10 to 14 years	8,165	4,190	3,980	70	40	25
15 to 64 years	94,475	47,790	46,685	775	370	405
15 to 19 years	8,585	4,450	4,135	70	35	35
20 to 24 years	8,915	4,670	4,245	30	15	15
25 to 29 years	9,030	4,610	4,425	50	25	25
30 to 34 years	8,965	4,440	4,525	55	25	25
35 to 39 years	8,340	4,125	4,215	60	30	30
40 to 44 years	8,815	4,375	4,445	55	25	30
45 to 49 years	9,470	4,730	4,740	65	30	35
50 to 54 years	11,025	5,515	5,505	100	50	50
55 to 59 years	11,385	5,780	5,600	125	55	70
60 to 64 years	9,945	5,090	4,845	165	75	90
65 years and over	21,350	10,595	10,755	765	365	395
65 to 69 years	8,025	4,055	3,965	230	105	125
70 to 74 years	5,440	2,815	2,630	175	85	90
75 to 79 years	3,600	1,795	1,800	135	75	60
80 to 84 years	2,350	1,145	1,205	110	60	45
85 years and over	1,940	785	1,155	105	35	70
85 to 89 years	1,335	580	760	65	20	40
90 to 94 years	475	170	305	30	10	20
95 to 99 years	115	30	80	10	5	10
100 years and over	10	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.5	17.9	17.2	10.5	10.9	10.1
15 to 64 years	67.3	67.2	67.3	45.2	44.8	45.5
65 years and over	15.2	14.9	15.5	44.6	44.2	44.4
85 years and over	1.4	1.1	1.7	6.1	4.2	7.9
Average age of the population	40.2	39.9	40.6	55.2	54.3	56.1
Median age of the population	41.1	40.7	41.4	62.3	61.7	62.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	57,605	...	...	815	...	...
Single-detached house	39,410	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	430	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,720	...	...	145	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,630	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	2,480	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,670	...	...	55	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,835	...	...	30	...	...
Other single-attached house	105	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5,040	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	57,605	...	...	815	...	...
1 person	15,760	...	...	260	...	...
2 persons	21,700	...	...	410	...	...
3 persons	8,375	...	...	65	...	...
4 persons	7,240	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	4,530	...	...	30	...	...
Number of persons in private households	138,360	...	...	1,660	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	115,825	58,380	57,440	1,535	735	800
Married or living common law	68,200	34,105	34,095	975	485	490
Married	52,790	26,430	26,360	850	420	430
Living common law	15,415	7,680	7,735	120	60	60
Not married and not living common law	47,615	24,275	23,345	560	250	310
Never married	30,745	17,565	13,175	225	130	95
Separated	3,930	1,855	2,070	40	20	20
Divorced	7,040	3,375	3,670	125	60	60
Widowed	5,905	1,480	4,425	170	40	130
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	40,335	...	...	550	...	...
2 persons	22,450	...	...	430	...	...
3 persons	7,915	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	6,760	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	3,210	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	40,340	...	...	545	...	...
Total couple families	33,525	...	...	475	...	...
Married couples	25,815	...	...	415	...	...
Common-law couples	7,710	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,815	...	...	70	...	...
Female parent	5,050	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	1,760	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	33,525	...	...	475	...	...
Couples without children	18,260	...	...	375	...	...
Couples with children	15,265	...	...	100	...	...
1 child	6,045	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	6,210	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	3,010	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,810	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	4,190	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	1,875	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	750	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	25,365	13,735	11,630	340	145	195
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	57,605	...	...	815	...	...
One-census-family households	38,335	...	...	525	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	17,525	...	...	365	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	20,810	...	...	160	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	985	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	18,285	...	...	285	...	...
One-person households	15,765	...	...	255	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,525	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	139,170	70,425	68,750	1,680	815	865
English only	132,465	67,455	65,005	1,575	765	805
French only	25	5	20	0	0	5
English and French	6,240	2,780	3,460	75	35	40
Neither English nor French	445	185	260	25	15	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	139,170	70,425	68,745	1,680	815	870
English	137,195	69,430	67,765	1,615	780	830
French	1,430	765	665	35	15	20
English and French	130	60	65	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	420	165	250	30	15	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,495	795	700	40	20	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.1	1.0	2.4	2.5	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	139,170	70,420	68,750	1,680	815	865
Single responses	137,760	69,745	68,020	1,665	800	855
Official languages	125,740	63,925	61,820	1,480	720	765
English	124,030	63,040	60,995	1,435	695	740
French	1,715	880	830	40	20	25
Non-official languages	12,025	5,820	6,200	180	90	90
Aboriginal languages	1,105	505	600	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	105	45	60	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	25	10	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	60	25	30	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	905	425	480	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	905	425	480	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Beaver	5	0	5	0	0	0
Carrier	780	370	410	0	0	0
Chilcotin	25	10	20	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	80	35	40	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	5	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	40	20	25	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,920	5,315	5,600	175	85	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	120	60	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	180	125	60	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	160	105	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	940	305	630	5	0	5
Bikol	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	85	30	55	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	755	235	515	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Kannada	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	15	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,995	4,000	4,000	155	80	75
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,095	525	570	25	5	15
Baltic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,085	520	560	25	5	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	215	110	110	0	0	0
Czech	75	35	35	5	5	5
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	200	85	115	5	0	0
Russian	165	70	95	5	0	0
Serbian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	55	30	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	230	105	130	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	5	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,350	1,635	1,715	50	30	20
Afrikaans	100	55	45	0	0	0
Danish	130	55	70	0	0	0
Dutch	425	215	210	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,555	1,235	1,320	35	15	15
Icelandic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Swedish	55	25	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	70	40	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,220	1,185	1,040	60	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages	2,155	1,150	1,005	60	35	25
Bengali	65	35	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	5	0
Hindi	155	95	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,790	940	850	55	30	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	80	50	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,240	605	635	15	10	10
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	400	205	195	5	0	0
Portuguese	350	185	165	10	5	5
Romanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Spanish	420	180	240	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	25	55	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	200	100	100	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	130	75	60	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	5	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	15	10	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	20	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	795	395	395	5	0	5
Chinese languages	780	395	390	0	0	5
Cantonese	355	170	180	5	0	0
Hakka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	335	175	160	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	75	35	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	5	20	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	30	10	20	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	155	150	5	0	5
Estonian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	145	70	75	0	5	0
Hungarian	145	75	65	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,410	680	725	20	10	10
English and French	250	120	135	5	0	0
English and non-official language	1,105	540	565	15	10	5
French and non-official language	30	20	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	139,170	70,425	68,745	1,680	810	870
Single responses	136,860	69,325	67,535	1,655	800	855
Official languages	132,925	67,345	65,580	1,575	760	815
English	132,680	67,235	65,450	1,560	755	805
French	245	110	135	20	5	10
Non-official languages	3,930	1,975	1,960	80	40	40
Aboriginal languages	250	125	130	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	10	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	220	105	110	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	220	105	115	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	205	100	105	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,675	1,850	1,825	80	40	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	75	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	115	70	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	110	70	45	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	320	135	185	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	45	25	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	255	105	150	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,385	1,205	1,175	75	35	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	220	105	110	0	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	220	110	110	0	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Russian	40	20	20	0	0	5
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	515	255	260	15	5	5
Afrikaans	65	35	25	5	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	30	15	20	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	400	195	205	5	0	0
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,300	685	615	55	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	1,275	675	600	50	30	25
Bengali	40	15	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	5
Hindi	45	30	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,140	600	540	50	30	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	330	150	180	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Portuguese	95	40	50	10	5	0
Romanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	160	70	85	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	135	70	65	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	60	35	30	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	50	30	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	440	215	225	0	0	0
Chinese languages	440	220	220	0	0	0
Cantonese	165	75	90	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	220	120	100	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,310	1,100	1,210	25	10	15
English and French	130	65	70	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,145	1,020	1,120	25	10	10
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	139,175	70,425	68,750	1,675	815	865
None	131,390	66,750	64,635	1,590	760	825
English	1,980	1,010	975	25	15	15
French	1,155	485	665	15	10	0
Non-official language	4,545	2,125	2,420	50	25	25
Aboriginal	920	420	505	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,625	1,705	1,915	45	20	20
English and French	15	10	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	20	15	10	5	5
French and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	113,810	57,345	56,465	1,485	710	765
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	109,465	55,435	54,030	1,440	695	745
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,842	48,969	27,254	23,592	27,392	21,365
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	109,580	55,525	54,055	1,445	700	745
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,188	42,076	25,421	22,528	25,328	20,944
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	98,000	51,080	46,920	1,190	590	600
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,410	48,424	25,222	16,907	20,800	13,536
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,140	33,520	41,615	1,235	575	660
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,488	7,169	6,118	12,395	13,968	11,456
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	85,725	45,575	40,150	760	390	375
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,324	50,319	25,977	15,760	15,019	16,096
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	113,840	57,405	56,435	1,420	695	730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	109,520	55,440	54,080	1,390	680	715
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,522	57,854	34,903	31,448	37,909	25,322
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	109,660	55,550	54,110	1,390	675	715
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,900	46,991	30,593	27,948	33,069	23,091
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	97,835	50,930	46,905	1,165	590	580
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,809	57,301	33,334	26,002	32,132	19,733
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,215	33,760	41,455	1,230	570	655
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,156	8,577	7,813	11,030	11,949	10,239
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	85,750	45,485	40,270	730	385	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,844	55,610	32,683	27,746	32,764	22,221
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	113,840	57,405	56,435	1,420	690	730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	36,160	20,935	15,225	195	120	80
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	59,667	71,542	46,618	46,436	52,314	39,697
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	64,767	75,155	50,480	50,190	55,957	41,495
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.9	91.0	82.7	69.2	72.2	64.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	75.7	79.3	69.6	44.2	45.4	42.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.1	9.0	17.3	31.1	27.5	35.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	113,810	57,345	56,465	1,480	710	770
Without total income	4,345	1,910	2,435	40	15	20
With total income	109,465	55,435	54,030	1,440	695	745
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.7	95.7	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,100	5,825	9,275	180	75	105
$10,000 to $19,999	17,550	6,600	10,950	410	165	245
$20,000 to $29,999	14,675	5,790	8,880	305	145	165
$30,000 to $39,999	12,395	5,395	7,000	165	85	85
$40,000 to $49,999	10,235	4,590	5,640	115	60	55
$50,000 to $59,999	8,155	4,260	3,895	100	65	35
$60,000 to $69,999	7,220	4,535	2,690	65	35	30
$70,000 to $79,999	6,045	4,185	1,855	25	20	5
$80,000 to $89,999	5,090	3,705	1,380	20	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	3,835	2,960	875	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	9,175	7,600	1,575	35	30	5
$100,000 to $149,999	7,135	5,900	1,230	25	25	5
$150,000 and over	2,045	1,695	345	10	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	113,810	57,340	56,460	1,485	715	770
Without after-tax income	4,230	1,825	2,405	40	15	25
With after-tax income	109,575	55,520	54,055	1,445	700	745
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.8	95.7	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,565	6,105	9,465	195	80	115
$10,000 to $19,999	18,540	7,075	11,460	420	180	240
$20,000 to $29,999	17,375	7,010	10,360	330	150	180
$30,000 to $39,999	14,170	6,355	7,820	185	95	90
$40,000 to $49,999	11,625	5,710	5,915	125	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	9,640	6,060	3,585	85	50	35
$60,000 to $69,999	7,650	5,450	2,200	45	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	5,900	4,390	1,505	25	15	10
$80,000 and over	9,115	7,360	1,745	35	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	3,610	2,860	750	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,030	1,650	375	5	10	0
$100,000 and over	3,470	2,850	620	20	10	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	113,810	57,340	56,465	1,485	710	770
Without employment income	28,080	11,770	16,315	725	325	395
With employment income	85,730	45,575	40,155	765	385	375
Percentage with employment income	75.3	79.5	71.1	51.5	54.2	48.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	13,010	6,040	6,970	220	105	110
$5,000 to $9,999	6,045	2,570	3,475	90	50	40
$10,000 to $19,999	10,485	4,180	6,305	125	65	60
$20,000 to $29,999	9,020	3,580	5,445	80	35	45
$30,000 to $39,999	8,030	3,275	4,760	70	30	40
$40,000 to $49,999	7,025	3,040	3,985	45	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	6,000	3,120	2,880	35	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	5,755	3,725	2,030	35	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	5,140	3,665	1,470	15	15	5
$80,000 and over	15,215	12,385	2,830	50	35	10
$80,000 to $89,999	4,470	3,300	1,170	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	3,330	2,705	625	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	7,410	6,380	1,030	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	57,610	...	...	815	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,553	...	...	43,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,538	...	...	41,344	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	15,760	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,278	...	...	23,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,251	...	...	23,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	41,845	...	...	560	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,495	...	...	55,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,476	...	...	50,603	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	57,620	...	...	795	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	88,424	...	...	54,946	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,029	...	...	48,829	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,765	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,259	...	...	31,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,132	...	...	28,538	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	41,860	...	...	540	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	104,304	...	...	66,256	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,172	...	...	58,603	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	57,605	...	...	815	...	...
Under $5,000	820	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	750	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,600	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,255	...	...	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,380	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,195	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,275	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,355	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,190	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,170	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,095	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,975	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,730	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,620	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,375	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	19,825	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,870	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5,045	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5,055	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,850	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	57,605	...	...	815	...	...
Under $5,000	850	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	760	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,625	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,340	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,690	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,660	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,690	...	...	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,715	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,570	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,640	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,100	...	...	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,765	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,485	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,040	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,485	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,190	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,690	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,660	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,840	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	40,010	...	...	545	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,181	...	...	54,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,164	...	...	50,475	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	17,115	...	...	355	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,518	...	...	50,720	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,375	...	...	47,488	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	15,410	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,424	...	...	87,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,034	...	...	79,360	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,280	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,590	...	...	42,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,819	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	40,000	...	...	510	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	104,136	...	...	66,078	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,861	...	...	58,397	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	17,050	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,185	...	...	60,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,433	...	...	54,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	15,405	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,401	...	...	97,047	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,997	...	...	82,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,300	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,946	...	...	46,758	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,749	...	...	43,162	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	22,005	12,135	9,870	300	130	175
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,448	37,877	27,848	23,501	23,328	23,872
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,224	33,333	25,705	23,040	22,848	23,360
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	22,020	12,150	9,870	335	145	195
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	42,235	47,215	36,106	30,027	31,363	29,031
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,944	39,431	31,654	27,173	27,821	26,689
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	138,360	70,005	68,360	1,660	805	855
In the bottom half of the distribution	66,100	32,085	34,015	1,200	580	625
In the bottom decile	14,610	7,150	7,465	215	105	115
In the second decile	13,090	5,975	7,115	320	150	170
In the third decile	12,305	5,935	6,370	235	115	120
In the fourth decile	12,685	6,295	6,395	210	105	110
In the fifth decile	13,405	6,740	6,670	215	105	110
In the top half of the distribution	72,265	37,925	34,345	455	225	230
In the sixth decile	13,655	6,945	6,715	160	80	80
In the seventh decile	14,920	7,740	7,180	95	45	50
In the eighth decile	15,420	8,175	7,245	70	35	35
In the ninth decile	15,995	8,485	7,510	80	40	35
In the top decile	12,270	6,580	5,690	55	30	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	134,510	67,975	66,535	1,660	805	855
0 to 17 years	28,535	14,740	13,795	220	120	105
0 to 5 years	9,025	4,665	4,355	60	30	30
18 to 64 years	85,965	43,190	42,775	725	340	385
65 years and over	20,015	10,050	9,965	715	350	370
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	18,460	8,685	9,775	385	180	205
0 to 17 years	5,065	2,620	2,445	65	40	20
0 to 5 years	1,765	930	830	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	10,360	4,765	5,595	165	65	100
65 years and over	3,035	1,295	1,740	155	75	85
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.7	12.8	14.7	23.2	22.4	24.0
0 to 17 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.7	29.5	33.3	19.0
0 to 5 years (%)	19.6	19.9	19.1	25.0	33.3	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	12.1	11.0	13.1	22.8	19.1	26.0
65 years and over (%)	15.2	12.9	17.5	21.7	21.4	23.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	9,330	4,635	4,695	110	50	60
0 to 17 years	2,370	1,245	1,130	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	815	420	395	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	6,535	3,195	3,340	75	35	45
65 years and over	425	200	230	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.9	6.8	7.1	6.6	6.2	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.4	8.2	6.8	4.2	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	9.0	9.1	8.3	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	7.4	7.8	10.3	10.3	11.7
65 years and over (%)	2.1	2.0	2.3	2.1	1.4	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	138,350	70,030	68,320	1,580	795	785
Official languages	137,910	69,850	68,055	1,560	780	780
English	137,880	69,855	68,030	1,560	780	780
French	6,385	2,760	3,630	45	15	25
Non-official languages	16,165	7,945	8,220	220	100	120
Aboriginal languages	2,235	1,055	1,185	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	190	100	90	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	175	95	75	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	25	15	15	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	140	80	60	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,930	900	1,025	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,930	900	1,030	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Beaver	10	0	10	0	0	0
Carrier	1,660	780	875	0	0	0
Chilcotin	60	25	35	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	180	80	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	95	45	50	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,930	6,890	7,040	215	95	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	205	135	65	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	205	135	70	0	0	0
Amharic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	190	130	60	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	145	75	70	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	140	75	65	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,200	405	800	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	30	40	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	15	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,090	335	755	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	15	25	0	0	0
Telugu	35	10	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,340	5,295	5,045	200	95	110
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,165	610	555	35	10	25
Baltic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,155	605	545	35	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Croatian	200	100	100	10	10	10
Czech	90	55	30	15	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	200	95	100	0	0	0
Russian	215	125	90	0	0	10
Serbian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slovak	60	40	25	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Ukrainian	325	165	160	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,095	2,045	2,055	80	35	50
Afrikaans	250	125	130	0	0	0
Danish	140	55	80	0	0	0
Dutch	425	240	180	20	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,235	1,590	1,640	60	30	30
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Swedish	60	30	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	105	70	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,850	1,570	1,275	80	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	2,730	1,500	1,225	60	35	20
Bengali	85	45	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	20	10	0	0	0
Hindi	545	295	250	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,360	1,290	1,075	55	35	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	150	80	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	125	65	55	20	0	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	35	20	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	40	45	20	0	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,305	1,105	1,190	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	500	235	265	0	0	0
Portuguese	445	245	200	0	0	0
Romanian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Spanish	1,325	605	720	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	240	115	130	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	185	100	90	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	200	90	110	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	55	20	35	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	40	25	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	50	20	30	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	275	100	170	0	0	0
American Sign Language	105	25	80	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	165	75	90	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	860	455	405	0	0	0
Chinese languages	850	450	395	0	0	0
Cantonese	375	190	185	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	495	275	215	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	15	40	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	50	15	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	280	160	125	10	0	0
Estonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	155	80	80	0	0	0
Hungarian	115	70	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	138,345	70,030	68,320	1,580	790	785
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	133,940	67,950	65,990	1,565	790	780
Canadian citizens aged under 18	28,965	14,970	13,990	190	120	70
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	104,975	52,975	52,000	1,375	665	710
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,410	2,080	2,330	15	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	138,350	70,030	68,315	1,580	795	785
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	124,405	63,215	61,190	1,355	705	650
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	12,880	6,200	6,680	215	80	130
Before 1981	6,695	3,315	3,385	140	45	95
1981 to 1990	1,350	655	695	25	10	10
1991 to 2000	1,470	695	770	30	25	0
2001 to 2010	1,750	810	935	20	10	15
2001 to 2005	710	320	385	20	10	10
2006 to 2010	1,045	490	550	0	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,615	725	900	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,060	615	450	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	12,880	6,200	6,680	215	85	130
Under 5 years	1,740	820	920	30	20	0
5 to 14 years	2,620	1,400	1,220	40	0	35
15 to 24 years	3,395	1,575	1,815	70	25	45
25 to 44 years	4,320	2,025	2,290	60	15	45
45 years and over	800	375	430	15	15	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	12,880	6,200	6,680	215	85	130
Americas	2,700	1,170	1,530	40	20	20
Brazil	20	15	10	0	0	0
Colombia	25	0	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	35	20	15	0	0	0
Guyana	35	20	15	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	55	25	30	0	0	0
Mexico	145	65	80	0	0	0
Peru	15	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	2,100	905	1,195	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	245	105	135	0	10	0
Europe	5,600	2,865	2,735	120	45	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	20	10	0	0	0
Croatia	150	70	75	0	0	0
France	65	25	45	0	10	0
Germany	1,075	500	575	30	10	20
Greece	50	25	30	0	0	0
Hungary	65	60	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	95	55	35	0	0	0
Italy	240	145	95	0	0	0
Netherlands	400	275	130	10	0	10
Poland	205	110	95	0	0	0
Portugal	235	125	110	0	0	0
Romania	75	45	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	15	25	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	90	40	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,815	840	980	45	15	35
Other places of birth in Europe	925	490	435	30	20	10
Africa	560	295	270	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	55	30	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	15	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	30	25	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	265	120	150	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	150	90	60	0	0	0
Asia	3,785	1,740	2,040	50	20	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	65	40	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	430	195	240	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	100	65	35	0	0	0
India	1,480	795	680	25	20	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iraq	20	15	10	0	0	0
Japan	60	0	55	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	160	80	75	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	90	45	40	0	0	0
Philippines	1,025	325	710	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	125	70	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	60	65	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	235	135	100	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,620	725	895	0	0	0
Americas	155	70	80	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	35	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	20	35	0	0	0
Europe	245	145	105	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	60	30	35	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	90	50	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	30	25	0	0	0
Africa	195	95	100	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	15	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	130	60	75	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	1,000	400	595	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	30	15	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	215	115	105	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	0	30	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	540	180	355	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Australia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	138,350	70,030	68,315	1,580	795	785
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	14,425	7,070	7,355	240	95	145
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	23,345	11,790	11,550	380	200	185
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	100,580	51,165	49,415	960	505	460
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	6,380	2,990	3,400	75	40	35
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,410	1,715	1,700	15	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,375	785	585	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,045	925	1,120	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,580	1,025	1,555	60	30	30
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	355	240	115	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	138,345	70,030	68,315	1,585	795	790
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	23,005	11,335	11,670	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	22,490	11,095	11,395	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	14,655	7,320	7,335	20	10	10
Métis	7,740	3,715	4,025	40	15	20
Inuk (Inuit)	95	65	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	405	195	210	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	110	45	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	115,340	58,690	56,650	1,520	765	760
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	138,345	70,030	68,320	1,580	795	785
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	12,175	6,060	6,115	25	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	126,175	63,970	62,205	1,555	785	780
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	138,350	70,030	68,320	1,585	795	785
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	8,550	4,300	4,255	20	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	8,420	4,235	4,185	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	7,315	3,630	3,680	20	0	10
Métis single ancestry	1,090	595	495	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	125	60	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	60	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	14,920	7,285	7,630	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	14,000	6,810	7,190	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	8,675	4,315	4,360	15	10	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,245	2,450	2,800	45	25	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	45	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	915	475	445	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	880	450	425	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	114,875	58,440	56,435	1,505	755	745
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	138,350	70,030	68,315	1,580	795	790
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	8,705	4,285	4,425	110	65	50
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	3,315	1,800	1,515	60	35	20
Chinese	1,185	610	575	0	0	0
Black	875	400	475	10	15	0
Filipino	1,555	565	990	0	0	10
Latin American	365	155	215	0	0	0
Arab	135	105	30	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	300	145	155	0	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	95	45	50	20	10	15
Korean	200	110	90	0	0	0
Japanese	375	165	210	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	110	50	55	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	200	135	70	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	129,640	65,750	63,890	1,465	735	735
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	138,350	70,030	68,320	1,580	795	785
North American Aboriginal origins	23,470	11,590	11,885	75	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	17,015	8,480	8,540	35	15	15
Inuit	135	75	65	0	0	0
Métis	7,365	3,570	3,795	45	25	20
Other North American origins	44,050	22,290	21,760	445	220	220
Acadian	140	65	80	0	0	0
American	3,660	1,775	1,890	50	25	30
Canadian	41,430	21,025	20,410	400	195	200
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	60	25	35	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	90	55	35	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	102,600	51,710	50,885	1,310	650	665
British Isles origins	68,415	33,640	34,780	880	410	470
Channel Islander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	40,820	20,100	20,715	620	270	345
Irish	25,305	11,710	13,590	315	115	200
Manx	115	55	60	0	0	0
Scottish	31,460	15,090	16,370	385	185	205
Welsh	3,485	1,685	1,805	50	10	40
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,395	1,540	1,850	25	10	10
French origins	18,565	8,920	9,645	215	120	95
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	18,560	8,920	9,645	210	115	95
Western European origins (except French origins)	35,870	18,100	17,770	425	225	200
Austrian	1,450	775	675	25	15	10
Bavarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	575	265	315	0	0	10
Dutch	7,805	3,985	3,820	90	45	45
Flemish	80	35	50	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	27,900	13,970	13,925	305	170	135
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	1,545	785	765	25	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	16,100	8,015	8,080	205	85	115
Danish	2,640	1,260	1,380	30	10	20
Finnish	1,390	700	685	60	35	25
Icelandic	1,055	560	490	20	10	15
Norwegian	6,915	3,510	3,405	40	15	20
Swedish	5,340	2,605	2,735	65	30	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	630	280	350	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	19,830	10,055	9,780	280	145	135
Bulgarian	125	65	65	10	0	10
Byelorussian	75	40	25	0	0	0
Czech	435	245	190	25	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	285	160	125	10	0	10
Estonian	125	55	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,865	955	910	10	10	10
Latvian	145	80	70	0	0	0
Lithuanian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	4,880	2,455	2,430	30	15	20
Romanian	870	425	445	30	15	10
Russian	4,530	2,235	2,290	80	35	50
Slovak	230	135	100	10	10	0
Ukrainian	9,135	4,685	4,450	155	80	70
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,940	3,840	4,100	70	45	20
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	545	285	265	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	520	275	250	10	10	0
Italian	3,910	1,870	2,030	30	25	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	120	50	70	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,165	610	555	15	0	10
Serbian	185	100	80	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	240	125	110	0	0	0
Spanish	1,210	485	725	10	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	365	210	155	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	950	480	470	10	0	0
Basque	25	10	20	0	0	0
Jewish	320	155	160	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	40	25	15	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	530	270	260	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	465	205	260	10	15	0
Antiguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	30	10	25	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	200	90	110	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	15	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	50	10	30	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	35	0	25	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	970	485	490	0	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	20	15	0	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	50	20	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chilean	155	85	70	0	0	0
Colombian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Costa Rican	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mexican	410	180	225	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	65	40	25	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	15	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,220	595	625	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	230	115	115	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	135	70	60	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	15	30	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	100	60	45	0	0	0
Algerian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	20	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	365	170	195	0	0	0
Afrikaner	15	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	225	105	125	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	45	15	30	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	520	255	265	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	455	215	235	0	0	0
Asian origins	8,180	4,075	4,105	110	50	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	495	260	235	20	10	15
Afghan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	90	70	20	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	100	50	50	20	0	15
Iraqi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Israeli	40	0	35	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	110	55	55	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	35	20	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	3,415	1,865	1,545	65	35	25
Bangladeshi	75	40	40	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,985	1,610	1,375	65	35	30
Goan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	115	65	55	0	0	0
Punjabi	235	145	95	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	70	50	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	4,280	1,960	2,320	25	0	15
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	1,735	895	840	0	0	0
Filipino	1,640	615	1,030	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	490	215	280	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	215	115	100	0	0	0
Laotian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	25	15	15	10	10	10
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	75	25	50	0	10	0
Tibetan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	235	130	105	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	20	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	530	280	250	10	10	0
Australian	285	160	130	10	0	10
New Zealander	65	30	35	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	185	95	90	10	10	0
Fijian	75	40	30	0	0	0
Hawaiian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Maori	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	57,625	...	...	800	...	...
Owner	42,410	...	...	625	...	...
Renter	14,605	...	...	175	...	...
Band housing	605	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	57,620	...	...	800	...	...
Condominium	2,730	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	54,895	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	57,625	...	...	795	...	...
No bedrooms	195	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,560	...	...	70	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,845	...	...	315	...	...
3 bedrooms	19,265	...	...	295	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20,760	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	57,625	...	...	795	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,305	...	...	225	...	...
5 rooms	8,740	...	...	210	...	...
6 rooms	8,525	...	...	135	...	...
7 rooms	7,555	...	...	90	...	...
8 or more rooms	21,500	...	...	130	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	57,625	...	...	795	...	...
One person or fewer per room	57,070	...	...	800	...	...
More than 1 person per room	555	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	57,625	...	...	795	...	...
Suitable	55,900	...	...	780	...	...
Not suitable	1,720	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	57,625	...	...	795	...	...
1960 or before	6,235	...	...	125	...	...
1961 to 1980	28,220	...	...	215	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,195	...	...	70	...	...
1991 to 2000	9,030	...	...	165	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,705	...	...	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,495	...	...	90	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,740	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	57,620	...	...	800	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	52,215	...	...	760	...	...
Major repairs needed	5,405	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	57,620	...	...	795	...	...
1 household maintainer	35,045	...	...	470	...	...
2 household maintainers	21,305	...	...	325	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,265	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	57,620	...	...	800	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,390	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	8,270	...	...	50	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,340	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	11,790	...	...	75	...	...
55 to 64 years	12,460	...	...	165	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,355	...	...	230	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,970	...	...	130	...	...
85 years and over	1,045	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	55,280	...	...	790	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	46,120	...	...	605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,160	...	...	185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,065	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	40,970	...	...	615	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	59.4	...	...	46.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.6	...	...	15.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	904	...	...	527	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,003	...	...	694	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,268	...	...	250,742	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	265,389	...	...	277,246	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,365	...	...	175	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.6	...	...	22.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.6	...	...	51.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	811	...	...	748	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	874	...	...	751	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	113,835	57,400	56,435	1,425	690	725
No certificate, diploma or degree	26,030	14,370	11,660	390	190	200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	36,285	17,030	19,255	410	200	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	51,520	26,005	25,520	625	305	320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	14,155	11,290	2,865	180	145	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,075	3,130	1,950	75	50	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	9,075	8,160	915	105	95	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,285	7,640	12,640	300	90	205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,475	795	1,680	50	20	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,605	6,275	8,330	100	45	50
Bachelor's degree	10,060	4,345	5,715	60	20	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	865	310	555	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	505	300	200	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,800	1,085	1,720	20	20	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	375	235	140	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	76,165	38,265	37,900	670	305	365
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,615	7,535	5,080	155	75	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,755	11,360	12,400	220	110	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,790	19,375	20,420	295	120	170
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,030	8,020	2,010	80	50	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,610	2,230	1,380	40	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	6,425	5,790	625	35	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,910	5,830	10,080	145	45	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,790	565	1,220	30	0	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,065	4,950	7,110	45	25	25
Bachelor's degree	8,155	3,380	4,770	35	10	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	720	250	470	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	415	230	190	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,460	900	1,560	0	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	320	195	125	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	113,835	57,405	56,430	1,420	695	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	62,315	31,400	30,915	800	390	410
Education	3,835	975	2,860	40	15	25
13. Education	3,835	975	2,860	40	15	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	810	370	430	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	165	125	40	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	645	250	390	10	0	0
Humanities	1,800	765	1,035	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	105	20	80	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	485	155	335	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	410	180	230	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	50	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	380	220	160	0	0	0
54. History	320	135	190	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,900	1,150	2,755	35	0	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	65	15	50	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	210	100	110	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,000	80	920	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	645	150	495	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	55	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	645	170	475	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,255	580	670	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	9,015	2,325	6,690	100	25	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,205	150	1,060	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,805	2,180	5,625	85	25	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,355	720	640	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	760	365	395	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	235	125	105	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	290	220	70	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	10	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,080	720	365	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	850	610	245	0	0	0
25. Library science	100	10	90	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	120	85	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	14,835	14,030	805	170	165	10
04. Architecture and related services	65	40	30	10	10	0
14. Engineering	915	765	145	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,750	1,505	245	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,065	3,930	135	40	35	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	5,565	5,395	165	80	85	0
48. Precision production	2,485	2,395	95	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,800	1,875	920	65	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	635	300	330	40	15	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,170	1,575	595	20	20	0
Health and related fields	8,260	1,240	7,020	140	10	125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	435	195	240	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	7,650	935	6,715	130	10	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	180	110	65	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,815	1,835	1,980	45	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	2,355	585	1,770	35	15	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	30	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	400	285	115	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,020	940	80	10	0	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	76,165	38,265	37,900	665	305	365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	36,375	18,890	17,480	375	180	195
Education	2,845	665	2,180	20	0	20
13. Education	2,845	660	2,180	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	640	320	320	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	95	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	520	225	290	0	0	0
Humanities	1,370	550	820	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	10	65	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	385	115	265	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	310	140	165	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	35	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	280	155	125	0	0	0
54. History	250	85	160	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,275	930	2,345	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	65	15	50	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	170	80	85	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	830	50	780	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	555	115	440	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	45	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	520	120	405	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,060	500	560	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	7,310	1,860	5,450	55	10	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,025	115	910	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,275	1,745	4,530	50	0	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,105	550	560	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	640	300	345	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	200	100	100	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	210	145	65	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	10	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	890	610	280	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	735	535	195	0	0	0
25. Library science	75	0	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	60	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,650	10,005	640	85	75	0
04. Architecture and related services	50	25	25	0	10	0
14. Engineering	690	560	125	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,320	1,110	210	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,920	2,825	105	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,960	3,850	110	40	35	0
48. Precision production	1,705	1,635	75	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,260	1,450	815	20	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	465	205	260	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,800	1,245	550	10	10	0
Health and related fields	6,500	980	5,520	60	0	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	345	145	200	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,005	740	5,270	55	0	50
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	145	90	50	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,950	1,455	1,490	15	0	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,760	440	1,315	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	20	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	355	255	105	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	805	745	60	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	113,835	57,405	56,435	1,420	690	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	62,320	31,400	30,915	800	390	410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	51,520	26,005	25,520	625	300	320
Location of study inside Canada	46,855	23,740	23,120	560	270	290
Same as province or territory of residence	38,650	19,430	19,215	405	200	210
Different than province or territory of residence	8,205	4,305	3,905	150	70	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,665	2,265	2,400	65	35	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,190	630	555	15	15	0
Philippines	530	145	385	10	0	0
India	505	310	200	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	625	325	300	20	10	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	85	35	50	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	1,720	820	900	20	15	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	76,165	38,260	37,900	670	305	360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,375	18,890	17,480	380	185	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	39,790	19,375	20,415	295	120	175
Location of study inside Canada	36,590	17,935	18,655	280	115	165
Same as province or territory of residence	30,510	14,760	15,750	220	95	125
Different than province or territory of residence	6,080	3,175	2,905	60	25	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,200	1,435	1,760	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	750	400	350	0	0	0
Philippines	485	125	360	0	0	0
India	360	200	165	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	340	175	165	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	80	25	50	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	1,175	505	665	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	113,835	57,405	56,435	1,420	690	730
In the labour force	76,055	40,855	35,200	615	340	270
Employed	68,315	35,730	32,585	515	295	220
Unemployed	7,735	5,125	2,610	95	40	55
Not in the labour force	37,785	16,545	21,235	810	350	455
Participation rate	66.8	71.2	62.4	43.3	49.3	37.0
Employment rate	60.0	62.2	57.7	36.3	42.8	30.1
Unemployment rate	10.2	12.5	7.4	15.4	11.8	20.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	113,835	57,405	56,430	1,420	690	730
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	33,935	14,780	19,160	775	365	410
Worked	79,900	42,625	37,270	645	330	315
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	37,035	21,425	15,610	210	130	85
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	42,860	21,205	21,660	435	205	235
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	41.7	41.1	37.1	38.2	35.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	76,055	40,860	35,200	615	340	270
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,505	850	655	20	25	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	74,555	40,005	34,545	590	320	275
Employee	66,780	35,305	31,475	480	250	235
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,775	4,705	3,070	110	65	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	76,050	40,860	35,195	610	340	275
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,500	850	655	25	25	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	74,550	40,010	34,545	590	315	270
0 Management occupations	6,805	3,865	2,935	50	40	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,415	1,995	7,415	75	15	60
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,635	2,810	830	20	15	0
3 Health occupations	4,550	810	3,740	45	0	45
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,275	2,400	5,875	50	0	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,170	475	695	0	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	16,860	5,985	10,870	120	55	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	15,595	14,655	940	130	105	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,855	3,265	590	70	45	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,390	3,745	650	35	20	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	76,055	40,855	35,195	615	340	275
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,505	850	655	25	25	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	74,550	40,010	34,545	590	315	275
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	5,740	4,415	1,325	65	40	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,375	1,230	145	15	15	0
22 Utilities	450	340	105	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,865	5,105	760	65	55	10
31-33 Manufacturing	8,695	7,190	1,505	45	45	10
41 Wholesale trade	2,130	1,600	525	20	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,625	3,525	5,105	70	35	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,235	3,355	880	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,005	440	565	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,515	345	1,165	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	800	450	350	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,050	1,560	1,490	35	15	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	90	50	40	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,455	1,305	1,150	10	0	15
61 Educational services	5,415	1,440	3,975	40	10	30
62 Health care and social assistance	8,765	1,430	7,330	70	0	65
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,080	505	575	15	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	5,290	1,890	3,395	40	15	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,500	1,755	1,745	40	35	0
91 Public administration	4,485	2,070	2,415	25	0	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	68,320	35,730	32,585	515	295	220
Worked at home	4,350	1,945	2,405	55	40	15
Worked outside Canada	65	50	20	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	9,180	7,275	1,900	100	60	40
Worked at usual place	54,715	26,455	28,260	370	200	165
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	54,720	26,455	28,260	370	200	170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	39,205	18,275	20,935	145	65	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	13,490	6,785	6,705	195	115	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,635	1,110	525	10	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	375	280	100	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	63,900	33,735	30,165	465	260	205
Car, truck, van - as a driver	54,000	28,760	25,240	385	215	170
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,970	1,870	2,095	20	0	10
Public transit	1,385	845	540	0	0	0
Walked	3,195	1,410	1,790	40	20	15
Bicycle	550	355	190	10	0	0
Other method	800	490	310	10	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	63,895	33,735	30,165	460	260	205
Less than 15 minutes	29,700	13,590	16,110	220	100	120
15 to 29 minutes	24,660	13,695	10,960	50	30	25
30 to 44 minutes	5,045	3,040	2,005	85	60	25
45 to 59 minutes	1,430	875	550	65	50	20
60 minutes and over	3,070	2,530	540	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	63,900	33,735	30,165	465	255	205
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,655	3,595	1,065	35	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,645	6,910	3,735	105	60	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	17,115	9,035	8,080	125	75	50
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,705	4,760	8,940	80	30	55
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,930	2,135	3,795	45	10	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	11,845	7,300	4,545	75	60	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	82,635	43,910	38,725	685	340	340
Single responses	82,400	43,810	38,590	685	340	340
Official languages	82,225	43,735	38,490	675	335	335
English	82,055	43,685	38,370	670	335	335
French	170	50	125	0	0	0
Non-official languages	175	75	105	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	15	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	160	70	90	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	45	45	10	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	20	25	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	25	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	20	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	240	105	135	0	0	0
English and French	90	40	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	145	60	85	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	82,635	43,915	38,725	685	345	340
None	81,485	43,490	38,000	660	335	330
English	175	60	120	0	0	0
French	320	130	195	10	0	0
Non-official language	600	210	390	10	10	0
Aboriginal	155	35	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	445	175	265	10	10	10
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	136,775	69,240	67,535	1,575	795	780
Non-movers	116,975	59,435	57,535	1,415	700	715
Movers	19,800	9,800	10,000	165	95	70
Non-migrants	12,880	6,295	6,590	85	50	30
Migrants	6,915	3,505	3,410	85	45	35
Internal migrants	6,255	3,150	3,105	80	45	35
Intraprovincial migrants	4,380	2,120	2,260	75	40	35
Interprovincial migrants	1,875	1,025	850	0	0	0
External migrants	665	360	305	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	130,655	66,010	64,650	1,530	765	765
Non-movers	79,685	40,495	39,190	950	485	465
Movers	50,975	25,515	25,455	585	285	300
Non-migrants	31,585	15,680	15,900	200	90	115
Migrants	19,390	9,835	9,555	385	195	190
Internal migrants	17,410	8,790	8,620	385	190	185
Intraprovincial migrants	13,010	6,515	6,495	290	145	150
Interprovincial migrants	4,400	2,275	2,120	90	50	45
External migrants	1,980	1,045	935	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Northern Interior Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 13, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Northern Interior Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Northern Interior Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Northern Interior Health Service Delivery Area [Health region, December 2017], British Columbia and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia