Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort St. John, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and West Lorne [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Fort St. John, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			West Lorne Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Fort St. John, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Fort St. John, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : West Lorne [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	20,155	...	...	1,337	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	18,609	...	...	1,415	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.3	...	...	-5.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	9,480	...	...	621	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	7,937	...	...	601	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	767.3	...	...	737.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	26.27	...	...	1.81	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	20,155	10,405	9,755	1,340	645	695
0 to 14 years	4,270	2,220	2,055	215	100	110
0 to 4 years	1,610	830	785	60	25	35
5 to 9 years	1,465	765	700	65	30	30
10 to 14 years	1,200	625	570	85	35	50
15 to 64 years	14,425	7,555	6,870	850	415	435
15 to 19 years	1,160	585	575	90	50	40
20 to 24 years	1,725	905	820	90	35	50
25 to 29 years	2,240	1,200	1,045	80	45	35
30 to 34 years	2,115	1,140	975	65	35	30
35 to 39 years	1,650	850	805	60	25	30
40 to 44 years	1,420	740	675	80	35	40
45 to 49 years	1,195	620	570	100	45	55
50 to 54 years	1,175	625	550	100	50	50
55 to 59 years	1,010	525	485	105	55	50
60 to 64 years	735	365	365	90	45	40
65 years and over	1,460	630	820	275	125	145
65 to 69 years	485	250	240	90	50	45
70 to 74 years	325	150	175	70	35	30
75 to 79 years	225	90	135	45	20	25
80 to 84 years	210	70	145	40	15	25
85 years and over	205	75	135	35	15	25
85 to 89 years	130	50	80	20	0	15
90 to 94 years	60	20	35	15	10	5
95 to 99 years	20	5	10	0	0	0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.2	21.3	21.1	16.0	15.5	15.8
15 to 64 years	71.6	72.6	70.4	63.4	64.3	62.6
65 years and over	7.2	6.1	8.4	20.5	19.4	20.9
85 years and over	1.0	0.7	1.4	2.6	2.3	3.6
Average age of the population	33.4	32.8	34.0	42.8	42.6	43.0
Median age of the population	31.5	31.2	31.9	45.0	45.2	44.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	7,940	...	...	600	...	...
Single-detached house	4,265	...	...	490	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	85	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,150	...	...	115	...	...
Semi-detached house	835	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	780	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	180	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,345	...	...	85	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	7,935	...	...	600	...	...
1 person	2,105	...	...	210	...	...
2 persons	2,580	...	...	210	...	...
3 persons	1,410	...	...	80	...	...
4 persons	1,170	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	670	...	...	45	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,810	...	...	1,340	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	15,880	8,190	7,695	1,125	545	585
Married or living common law	9,125	4,590	4,530	640	315	325
Married	6,605	3,330	3,275	485	240	245
Living common law	2,520	1,260	1,255	150	75	75
Not married and not living common law	6,760	3,590	3,165	490	230	265
Never married	4,845	2,890	1,950	265	145	120
Separated	485	210	275	50	20	35
Divorced	875	395	480	80	40	35
Widowed	550	95	455	95	25	70
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,310	...	...	395	...	...
2 persons	2,520	...	...	225	...	...
3 persons	1,240	...	...	85	...	...
4 persons	1,050	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	510	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,310	...	...	395	...	...
Total couple families	4,435	...	...	315	...	...
Married couples	3,180	...	...	240	...	...
Common-law couples	1,260	...	...	75	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	875	...	...	75	...	...
Female parent	655	...	...	60	...	...
Male parent	220	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,440	...	...	315	...	...
Couples without children	2,020	...	...	180	...	...
Couples with children	2,420	...	...	135	...	...
1 child	945	...	...	55	...	...
2 children	980	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	495	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	875	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	500	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	290	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	85	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,165	2,465	1,705	250	125	130
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	7,935	...	...	600	...	...
One-census-family households	5,115	...	...	370	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,945	...	...	170	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,170	...	...	200	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	95	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,725	...	...	220	...	...
One-person households	2,105	...	...	210	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	620	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	19,965	10,310	9,655	1,340	645	695
English only	18,885	9,815	9,065	1,280	620	660
French only	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	1,015	460	550	45	20	25
Neither English nor French	65	25	40	20	10	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	19,965	10,310	9,655	1,340	645	695
English	19,665	10,155	9,515	1,300	630	670
French	200	110	85	15	5	10
English and French	35	20	20	0	0	5
Neither English nor French	65	30	40	20	5	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	220	120	100	15	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.2	1.0	1.1	0.8	0.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	19,965	10,310	9,655	1,340	645	695
Single responses	19,690	10,170	9,520	1,320	640	680
Official languages	17,515	9,095	8,425	1,150	565	590
English	17,295	8,975	8,320	1,140	555	580
French	225	120	105	10	5	5
Non-official languages	2,175	1,070	1,100	170	75	95
Aboriginal languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	5	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,130	1,055	1,070	170	75	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	35	30	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Amharic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	530	230	300	0	0	0
Bikol	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	470	205	260	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	55	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	65	45	25	0	5	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,150	595	555	155	70	85
Albanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	185	85	105	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	185	85	100	5	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	95	40	50	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	415	210	210	25	10	15
Afrikaans	25	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	20	20	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	345	165	175	15	0	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	380	220	160	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	340	200	145	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	25	10	0	0	0
Hindi	65	40	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	180	105	75	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	75	75	120	55	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	5	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	105	50	60
Romanian	35	20	15	5	0	0
Spanish	70	40	35	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	60	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages	120	60	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	30	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	10	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	275	145	135	20	5	15
English and French	45	20	25	5	0	0
English and non-official language	225	120	105	20	5	10
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	19,965	10,310	9,655	1,340	645	690
Single responses	19,400	10,035	9,370	1,315	635	680
Official languages	18,510	9,570	8,945	1,235	600	635
English	18,470	9,550	8,920	1,235	600	635
French	45	25	20	0	0	0
Non-official languages	890	460	425	75	35	45
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	885	460	425	75	35	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	250	120	130	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	225	110	115	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	435	225	205	70	30	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	30	35	0	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Russian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	95	55	45	0	5	5
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	35	30	0	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	210	115	95	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	185	105	80	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	65	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	5	60	30	35
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	15	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	25	15	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages	70	40	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	25	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	565	275	285	30	15	15
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	535	265	270	30	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	19,965	10,310	9,655	1,340	645	695
None	18,545	9,595	8,945	1,240	605	640
English	460	240	220	30	10	20
French	180	80	95	15	10	10
Non-official language	765	380	385	55	20	30
Aboriginal	40	15	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	725	360	360	50	25	30
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,540	8,020	7,520	1,125	545	585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,055	7,815	7,240	1,090	520	565
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,851	70,377	34,044	26,832	34,272	23,296
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,070	7,835	7,235	1,085	520	565
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,346	57,691	30,888	25,632	30,827	22,336
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,145	7,570	6,580	925	450	475
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,546	70,667	33,649	24,576	31,776	18,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,435	3,260	5,175	845	385	455
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,645	1,380	3,172	8,704	9,664	8,208
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,280	7,245	6,035	740	360	375
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,609	70,020	33,807	29,120	35,712	22,528
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	15,540	8,020	7,525	1,125	530	600
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,060	7,865	7,195	1,100	515	590
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,186	78,425	40,266	33,000	37,940	28,700
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,065	7,870	7,200	1,100	515	590
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,746	61,586	34,709	29,115	32,938	25,786
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,115	7,620	6,495	925	445	480
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,733	78,463	39,921	30,147	34,500	26,077
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,490	3,280	5,210	870	395	475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,787	5,644	5,877	9,810	10,198	9,482
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,255	7,320	5,930	725	365	365
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	59,870	76,751	39,043	33,059	36,374	29,750
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	15,540	8,020	7,520	1,130	525	600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,155	3,730	2,425	350	165	185
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	67,901	84,186	49,512	44,573	49,117	39,381
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	78,101	93,031	55,182	46,846	48,770	45,115
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	94.6	97.0	89.6	77.3	79.6	74.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	87.1	90.4	80.3	67.9	70.0	65.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	5.4	3.0	10.4	22.5	19.7	25.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	15,540	8,015	7,520	1,130	550	580
Without total income	485	200	285	40	25	10
With total income	15,055	7,820	7,235	1,090	520	565
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.6	96.2	96.5	94.5	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,725	515	1,210	135	55	85
$10,000 to $19,999	1,500	505	1,000	235	85	155
$20,000 to $29,999	1,520	530	990	225	100	125
$30,000 to $39,999	1,510	535	975	140	70	70
$40,000 to $49,999	1,430	605	830	125	65	55
$50,000 to $59,999	1,245	580	665	75	40	30
$60,000 to $69,999	1,055	630	425	60	45	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,025	655	375	40	30	10
$80,000 to $89,999	840	590	250	15	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	705	535	175	15	10	10
$100,000 and over	2,490	2,150	340	15	10	5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,610	1,365	245	10	10	5
$150,000 and over	880	790	100	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	15,540	8,015	7,520	1,125	550	585
Without after-tax income	470	185	280	40	25	10
With after-tax income	15,070	7,830	7,235	1,090	525	565
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.7	96.2	96.9	95.5	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,765	540	1,225	135	55	85
$10,000 to $19,999	1,590	550	1,040	240	90	155
$20,000 to $29,999	1,895	650	1,245	260	115	145
$30,000 to $39,999	1,805	700	1,105	180	90	85
$40,000 to $49,999	1,750	810	945	125	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	1,460	865	600	80	60	20
$60,000 to $69,999	1,235	825	410	35	20	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,095	800	295	30	15	15
$80,000 and over	2,470	2,090	375	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	695	555	140	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	480	415	65	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	1,285	1,125	165	5	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	15,540	8,020	7,520	1,130	550	580
Without employment income	2,255	770	1,485	390	180	210
With employment income	13,285	7,250	6,035	740	365	375
Percentage with employment income	85.5	90.4	80.3	65.5	66.4	64.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,070	350	715	115	55	60
$5,000 to $9,999	670	225	445	65	20	45
$10,000 to $19,999	1,185	435	750	105	30	70
$20,000 to $29,999	1,260	470	785	95	45	55
$30,000 to $39,999	1,310	515	795	95	50	50
$40,000 to $49,999	1,185	485	700	80	45	35
$50,000 to $59,999	1,110	535	575	60	35	25
$60,000 to $69,999	960	600	355	50	40	10
$70,000 to $79,999	925	620	295	25	15	10
$80,000 and over	3,610	3,005	605	45	30	20
$80,000 to $89,999	775	550	220	20	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	640	495	145	15	10	10
$100,000 and over	2,195	1,955	240	10	5	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	7,935	...	...	600	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	102,903	...	...	49,621	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,152	...	...	45,696	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,105	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	56,832	...	...	25,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,128	...	...	24,768	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,830	...	...	395	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	121,586	...	...	67,482	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,320	...	...	59,712	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	7,935	...	...	595	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	114,201	...	...	60,819	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	92,540	...	...	53,657	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,115	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	64,569	...	...	30,024	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,151	...	...	27,172	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,825	...	...	405	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	132,204	...	...	75,959	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,191	...	...	66,679	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	7,935	...	...	600	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	190	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	200	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	195	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	180	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	200	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	205	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	450	...	...	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	420	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	455	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	460	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	475	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,130	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,125	...	...	45	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	935	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,175	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	900	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,940	...	...	600	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	195	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	220	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	255	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	220	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	235	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	260	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	255	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	565	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	565	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	575	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	650	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	550	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,180	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,280	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	825	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,075	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,355	...	...	385	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	118,619	...	...	67,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,099	...	...	59,520	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,890	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	116,783	...	...	59,776	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,749	...	...	54,528	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,430	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	136,915	...	...	87,979	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,664	...	...	79,616	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	825	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,915	...	...	44,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,320	...	...	44,416	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,340	...	...	390	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	128,398	...	...	76,678	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,755	...	...	67,248	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,925	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	125,201	...	...	73,628	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	100,910	...	...	63,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,420	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	150,568	...	...	101,413	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,966	...	...	89,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	850	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,401	...	...	45,691	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,848	...	...	41,438	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,680	2,205	1,475	235	120	115
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	49,562	59,008	39,360	25,984	29,216	24,896
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	42,528	49,643	34,688	24,789	26,464	23,264
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,740	2,330	1,415	220	100	120
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	58,923	66,329	46,729	29,516	30,184	28,990
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	48,159	53,183	39,888	26,758	26,863	26,675
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	19,810	10,240	9,570	1,340	650	690
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,580	3,155	3,425	895	425	470
In the bottom decile	1,205	580	630	140	65	70
In the second decile	1,180	520	660	225	105	120
In the third decile	1,205	545	655	200	85	110
In the fourth decile	1,345	685	660	170	90	80
In the fifth decile	1,645	825	820	160	80	80
In the top half of the distribution	13,230	7,085	6,150	445	225	220
In the sixth decile	1,875	940	935	145	75	70
In the seventh decile	2,420	1,260	1,160	95	40	50
In the eighth decile	2,660	1,410	1,245	105	55	55
In the ninth decile	3,115	1,720	1,400	75	40	35
In the top decile	3,160	1,755	1,410	25	15	15
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	19,810	10,235	9,570	1,340	645	695
0 to 17 years	4,960	2,560	2,405	265	130	140
0 to 5 years	1,920	990	925	75	35	40
18 to 64 years	13,595	7,120	6,475	795	390	410
65 years and over	1,255	560	695	280	130	150
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,555	710	845	255	120	135
0 to 17 years	505	270	235	70	35	35
0 to 5 years	205	110	95	30	10	15
18 to 64 years	845	380	465	125	65	65
65 years and over	205	55	150	55	25	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.8	6.9	8.8	19.0	18.6	19.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.5	9.8	26.4	26.9	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.7	11.1	10.3	40.0	28.6	37.5
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	5.3	7.2	15.7	16.7	15.9
65 years and over (%)	16.3	9.8	21.6	19.6	19.2	23.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	845	420	425	90	45	45
0 to 17 years	240	130	115	25	15	15
0 to 5 years	90	50	45	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	575	275	295	60	30	30
65 years and over	30	15	15	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	4.1	4.4	6.7	7.0	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	5.1	4.8	9.4	11.5	10.7
0 to 5 years (%)	4.7	5.1	4.9	20.0	14.3	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	3.9	4.6	7.5	7.7	7.3
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.7	2.2	1.8	0.0	3.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	19,810	10,235	9,575	1,295	625	670
Official languages	19,730	10,200	9,530	1,270	615	655
English	19,730	10,200	9,530	1,270	620	650
French	1,060	530	530	25	10	20
Non-official languages	2,975	1,510	1,465	185	75	110
Aboriginal languages	80	30	45	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	10	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,900	1,485	1,415	185	75	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	170	85	80	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	165	90	80	0	0	0
Amharic	80	35	45	0	0	0
Arabic	85	45	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	610	290	320	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	20	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	585	280	305	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	55	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	65	35	30	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,720	920	805	180	75	105
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	250	130	120	25	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic languages	245	125	120	25	0	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	10
Russian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	10	20	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	35	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	620	310	310	20	15	0
Afrikaans	55	20	35	0	0	0
Danish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	50	25	20	10	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	500	260	245	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	520	340	180	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	460	315	145	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	75	45	30	0	0	0
Hindi	275	225	45	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	245	150	95	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	25	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	410	175	235	135	60	80
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	30	20	10	10	0
Portuguese	60	20	40	115	55	65
Romanian	60	25	35	10	0	10
Spanish	260	105	155	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	35	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	85	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages	145	85	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	90	50	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	60	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	10	15	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	15	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	19,810	10,235	9,570	1,295	625	670
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	18,080	9,310	8,765	1,280	620	660
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,655	2,355	2,295	195	110	80
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,425	6,955	6,475	1,080	510	575
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,735	925	805	15	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	19,810	10,235	9,570	1,300	625	670
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	17,095	8,785	8,300	1,105	550	560
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,210	1,130	1,085	190	80	110
Before 1981	360	185	175	165	70	100
1981 to 1990	200	105	95	20	10	10
1991 to 2000	205	105	95	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	565	275	285	0	0	10
2001 to 2005	195	90	110	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	360	185	175	0	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	890	460	435	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	500	320	185	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,210	1,125	1,085	185	80	110
Under 5 years	285	145	140	15	0	10
5 to 14 years	475	290	185	50	20	30
15 to 24 years	380	215	160	50	35	20
25 to 44 years	920	410	505	60	20	35
45 years and over	150	65	85	10	0	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,210	1,130	1,080	190	80	110
Americas	285	125	155	10	10	0
Brazil	15	0	15	0	10	0
Colombia	15	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	10	15	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	175	95	80	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	15	0	0	0
Europe	540	275	265	180	70	110
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	160	80	80	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Italy	15	10	10	10	0	0
Netherlands	25	15	10	10	10	10
Poland	0	10	0	0	0	10
Portugal	15	10	10	100	45	60
Romania	45	25	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	20	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	15	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	120	65	50	30	0	25
Other places of birth in Europe	55	25	40	10	0	10
Africa	270	145	130	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	35	20	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	90	40	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	25	20	0	0	0
Asia	1,070	560	515	0	0	0
Afghanistan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	65	50	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	15	10	0	0	0
India	210	130	75	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	10	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	500	240	260	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	45	35	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	890	455	435	0	0	0
Americas	55	30	30	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	75	45	30	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	10	20	0	0	0
Africa	130	60	65	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	20	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	85	40	40	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	615	320	305	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	145	100	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	15	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	355	170	185	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	19,805	10,235	9,570	1,295	625	670
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,780	1,470	1,315	200	80	115
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,670	1,320	1,345	235	90	145
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,360	7,445	6,915	865	455	410
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,875	950	925	35	15	20
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,160	620	540	10	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	460	265	195	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	695	355	340	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	520	210	310	25	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	190	110	80	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	19,810	10,240	9,570	1,295	625	675
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,240	1,145	1,095	40	20	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,180	1,105	1,070	45	20	25
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,280	675	610	15	0	10
Métis	885	435	455	30	20	15
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	17,570	9,090	8,485	1,255	605	645
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	19,810	10,235	9,575	1,295	620	670
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	885	470	415	10	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,925	9,760	9,165	1,290	625	665
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	19,810	10,235	9,575	1,295	625	670
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	520	280	245	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	470	260	210	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	365	195	170	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	100	60	40	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	50	20	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	20	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,925	955	975	100	50	45
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,845	915	925	95	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,160	585	575	65	35	25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	665	325	340	35	15	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	80	40	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	40	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	17,365	9,005	8,360	1,195	575	625
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	19,810	10,235	9,570	1,295	625	670
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,370	1,275	1,100	35	10	25
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	595	405	195	0	0	0
Chinese	215	110	105	0	0	0
Black	375	210	170	10	0	10
Filipino	630	315	315	0	0	0
Latin American	90	35	60	0	0	0
Arab	60	30	35	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	95	50	50	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Korean	65	35	30	0	0	0
Japanese	90	35	55	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	15	0	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	80	30	45	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	17,435	8,965	8,475	1,265	615	650
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	19,810	10,235	9,575	1,295	625	670
North American Aboriginal origins	2,445	1,235	1,215	100	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,660	835	820	65	35	25
Inuit	25	10	15	0	0	0
Métis	900	445	450	35	15	20
Other North American origins	6,620	3,365	3,260	380	150	235
Acadian	15	0	10	0	0	0
American	350	180	170	10	0	10
Canadian	6,450	3,255	3,190	380	150	230
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	14,105	7,295	6,810	1,090	555	535
British Isles origins	9,585	4,905	4,685	750	390	360
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	5,725	2,825	2,895	470	225	240
Irish	3,845	1,900	1,950	290	140	150
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,685	2,445	2,245	355	190	165
Welsh	530	300	230	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	415	225	190	30	25	0
French origins	2,580	1,210	1,375	160	90	70
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,580	1,210	1,375	165	90	70
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,065	2,575	2,490	255	150	105
Austrian	170	75	95	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	75	30	45	35	25	10
Dutch	970	505	465	105	65	35
Flemish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	15	10	0	0	0	0
German	4,105	2,095	2,015	150	85	65
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	230	110	115	10	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,055	980	1,075	10	10	10
Danish	215	105	115	0	0	0
Finnish	220	100	120	0	0	0
Icelandic	75	25	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,000	465	535	10	0	0
Swedish	645	330	320	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,930	1,490	1,440	175	80	100
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	100	55	40	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	60	25	40	0	0	0
Estonian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	35	25	15
Latvian	10	0	0	0	10	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	570	305	265	35	10	25
Romanian	230	135	95	30	10	15
Russian	685	320	370	15	10	0
Slovak	30	20	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,335	705	630	50	25	30
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	915	440	475	230	115	120
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	40	60	0	0	0
Italian	535	265	270	45	25	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	10	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	125	70	55	125	60	65
Serbian	20	10	10	25	10	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	155	80	80	20	0	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	25	10	15	15	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	110	55	55	10	10	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	20	15	10	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	65	35	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	70	45	25	10	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	30	15	10	10	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	15	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	190	75	115	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexican	65	35	30	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	0	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	475	250	225	15	0	10
Central and West African origins	115	60	50	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	30	10	25	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	45	10	30	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	85	45	45	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	60	35	35	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	155	70	80	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	70	35	40	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	150	85	60	15	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	135	80	50	15	10	10
Asian origins	1,995	1,085	915	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	140	65	75	0	0	0
Afghan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	615	415	195	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	535	360	180	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	35	20	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	40	35	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,220	590	625	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Chinese	365	190	180	0	0	0
Filipino	670	335	335	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Japanese	130	40	85	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	35	30	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	160	75	80	0	0	0
Australian	60	30	30	0	0	0
New Zealander	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	50	30	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Maori	35	15	20	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	7,940	...	...	600	...	...
Owner	4,830	...	...	445	...	...
Renter	3,105	...	...	150	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	7,935	...	...	595	...	...
Condominium	625	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	7,310	...	...	595	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	7,935	...	...	600	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	760	...	...	55	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,935	...	...	135	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,565	...	...	275	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,645	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	7,935	...	...	595	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,040	...	...	100	...	...
5 rooms	1,300	...	...	80	...	...
6 rooms	1,100	...	...	110	...	...
7 rooms	990	...	...	75	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,510	...	...	230	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	7,935	...	...	600	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,830	...	...	595	...	...
More than 1 person per room	105	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	7,940	...	...	600	...	...
Suitable	7,610	...	...	560	...	...
Not suitable	330	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	7,940	...	...	600	...	...
1960 or before	545	...	...	270	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,235	...	...	195	...	...
1981 to 1990	875	...	...	80	...	...
1991 to 2000	905	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	560	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	820	...	...	25	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	990	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	7,940	...	...	600	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,410	...	...	530	...	...
Major repairs needed	530	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	7,935	...	...	600	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,800	...	...	395	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,850	...	...	205	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	295	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	7,935	...	...	600	...	...
15 to 24 years	670	...	...	30	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,225	...	...	75	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,780	...	...	55	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,345	...	...	125	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,070	...	...	105	...	...
65 to 74 years	525	...	...	125	...	...
75 to 84 years	225	...	...	70	...	...
85 years and over	95	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	7,925	...	...	590	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,555	...	...	460	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,375	...	...	130	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,220	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,830	...	...	445	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	77.1	...	...	61.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.4	...	...	17.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,686	...	...	875	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,622	...	...	896	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	379,811	...	...	150,340	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	387,667	...	...	166,461	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,105	...	...	150	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.9	...	...	33.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	29.5	...	...	36.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,205	...	...	672	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,275	...	...	650	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	15,540	8,020	7,520	1,125	525	600
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,940	1,485	1,455	365	195	170
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,135	2,500	2,645	360	165	195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,460	4,040	3,425	400	170	230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,150	1,720	435	80	70	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	720	455	265	30	25	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,430	1,260	170	45	45	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,690	1,160	1,530	245	85	165
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	415	140	275	20	0	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,205	1,025	1,180	60	20	40
Bachelor's degree	1,670	775	900	45	10	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	55	65	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	20	20	10	10	0
Master's degree	335	145	190	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	45	35	15	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,425	6,065	5,355	635	310	330
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,410	775	635	165	100	65
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,825	1,920	1,905	210	95	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,190	3,370	2,825	260	115	150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,695	1,360	340	40	30	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	560	340	220	25	15	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,140	1,020	115	15	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,185	980	1,210	175	65	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	320	110	210	0	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,985	920	1,065	45	15	25
Bachelor's degree	1,500	690	810	35	10	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	35	50	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	20	10	10	0
Master's degree	325	145	180	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	30	10	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	15,540	8,020	7,520	1,130	525	600
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,080	3,985	4,095	725	355	370
Education	425	85	335	25	0	25
13. Education	425	90	340	25	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	50	80	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	40	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	85	10	80	0	0	0
Humanities	235	115	115	15	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	30	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	20	40	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	20	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	15	0	0	0
54. History	55	30	25	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	615	185	430	30	0	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	15	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	0	110	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	75	25	50	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	150	30	125	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	235	115	125	0	0	10
Business, management and public administration	1,265	475	795	40	20	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	20	85	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,155	450	705	35	20	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	215	120	95	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	40	65	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	30	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	45	15	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	95	35	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	125	95	35	0	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,615	2,365	250	85	85	10
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	285	205	75	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	465	415	55	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	700	670	30	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	865	815	50	35	30	10
48. Precision production	280	245	30	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	280	155	125	30	15	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	85	35	55	20	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	195	120	75	15	0	10
Health and related fields	965	125	835	120	30	95
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	50	20	30	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	915	110	805	115	25	95
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	595	265	330	50	20	25
12. Personal and culinary services	410	80	325	30	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	55	50	0	15	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	135	0	0	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,425	6,065	5,360	635	310	330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,230	2,695	2,535	370	195	180
Education	390	90	300	15	0	15
13. Education	385	85	300	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	40	65	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	35	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70	10	70	0	0	0
Humanities	205	110	100	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	20	35	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	20	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	30	10	0	0	0
54. History	45	25	25	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	530	165	360	20	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	0	85	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	65	25	45	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	125	30	100	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	205	95	110	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	1,035	365	665	15	15	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	20	65	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	945	345	600	15	10	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	95	80	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	30	60	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	35	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120	85	30	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	90	25	0	0	0
25. Library science	10	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,140	1,940	200	50	50	0
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	245	190	60	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	415	360	50	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	525	500	30	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	725	685	40	10	10	0
48. Precision production	205	190	15	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	250	145	105	20	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	70	35	40	15	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	110	65	10	0	0
Health and related fields	800	120	675	90	20	70
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	10	30	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	750	105	645	80	15	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	455	220	235	45	25	20
12. Personal and culinary services	305	70	230	20	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	45	0	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	105	0	0	0	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	15,540	8,020	7,520	1,130	525	595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,080	3,980	4,095	725	360	370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,460	4,040	3,425	400	170	230
Location of study inside Canada	6,430	3,530	2,900	385	170	215
Same as province or territory of residence	4,430	2,500	1,935	370	160	210
Different than province or territory of residence	2,005	1,040	965	20	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,025	500	525	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	125	45	80	10	0	10
Philippines	300	100	195	0	0	0
India	205	135	75	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	25	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	365	200	170	10	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,425	6,065	5,360	635	310	330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,235	2,700	2,535	375	195	180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,190	3,370	2,825	260	115	150
Location of study inside Canada	5,250	2,920	2,330	260	115	145
Same as province or territory of residence	3,535	2,010	1,520	260	115	145
Different than province or territory of residence	1,720	910	810	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	940	450	490	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	110	45	65	0	0	10
Philippines	285	100	195	0	0	0
India	165	110	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	15	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	345	180	160	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	15,540	8,020	7,520	1,125	525	600
In the labour force	12,270	6,905	5,370	640	320	320
Employed	10,940	6,030	4,910	615	300	315
Unemployed	1,330	870	460	20	20	10
Not in the labour force	3,265	1,120	2,150	490	210	280
Participation rate	79.0	86.1	71.4	56.9	61.0	53.3
Employment rate	70.4	75.2	65.3	54.7	57.1	52.5
Unemployment rate	10.8	12.6	8.6	3.1	6.2	3.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	15,540	8,020	7,520	1,125	525	600
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,705	785	1,915	455	195	260
Worked	12,840	7,230	5,605	670	335	340
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,280	3,805	2,470	360	170	190
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,555	3,425	3,135	315	165	150
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	43.2	41.3	44.0	43.6	44.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	12,275	6,905	5,370	640	320	320
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	130	45	85	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	12,140	6,860	5,285	640	320	320
Employee	11,170	6,230	4,940	560	275	285
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	975	630	345	80	40	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	12,270	6,900	5,370	640	320	320
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	130	40	85	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	12,145	6,860	5,285	640	315	320
0 Management occupations	1,030	620	410	60	45	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,765	355	1,410	75	10	65
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	880	670	205	10	10	0
3 Health occupations	580	95	485	60	10	50
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,080	350	725	40	10	35
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	155	40	125	10	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	2,720	1,065	1,650	160	65	95
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,790	2,635	155	150	125	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	595	535	60	25	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	550	490	60	55	30	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	12,270	6,905	5,370	640	320	325
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	130	45	85	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	12,140	6,860	5,285	640	320	320
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	185	150	40	35	25	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,420	1,140	285	0	0	0
22 Utilities	135	105	35	15	0	10
23 Construction	1,540	1,290	255	90	85	10
31-33 Manufacturing	580	495	85	90	45	45
41 Wholesale trade	410	315	85	25	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	1,395	660	735	50	25	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	625	480	145	40	25	15
51 Information and cultural industries	115	70	45	10	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	295	80	215	15	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	305	200	105	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	815	420	400	10	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	410	200	215	40	25	20
61 Educational services	700	155	545	30	0	30
62 Health care and social assistance	875	105	775	60	10	55
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	170	75	95	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,015	335	675	70	20	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	665	370	295	20	10	20
91 Public administration	485	225	260	35	10	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,940	6,030	4,910	615	305	320
Worked at home	440	135	300	15	0	10
Worked outside Canada	20	10	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,060	1,655	400	165	115	50
Worked at usual place	8,430	4,225	4,205	440	180	255
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	8,425	4,225	4,200	435	180	260
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,765	3,095	3,675	160	70	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,550	1,065	485	85	35	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	60	20	35	200	75	125
Commute to a different province or territory	50	45	10	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	10,490	5,880	4,600	605	295	310
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,945	5,210	3,735	510	265	250
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	615	290	325	55	20	40
Public transit	85	25	55	10	0	10
Walked	715	295	420	35	10	25
Bicycle	60	35	20	0	0	0
Other method	65	25	45	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	10,485	5,885	4,605	600	295	310
Less than 15 minutes	7,485	3,835	3,655	210	100	115
15 to 29 minutes	1,955	1,185	765	85	25	55
30 to 44 minutes	290	215	80	125	55	75
45 to 59 minutes	125	85	40	110	60	50
60 minutes and over	630	560	65	75	55	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	10,485	5,885	4,600	600	295	305
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	775	620	160	70	40	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,280	1,675	605	165	80	85
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,210	1,845	1,360	115	45	70
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,035	730	1,310	80	30	50
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	875	315	560	45	15	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,310	700	610	130	85	45
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	13,125	7,340	5,780	700	340	355
Single responses	13,080	7,315	5,765	695	340	360
Official languages	13,050	7,285	5,760	695	340	355
English	13,020	7,280	5,745	695	340	350
French	30	0	20	0	0	0
Non-official languages	35	30	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	30	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	15	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	25	15	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	20	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	13,120	7,340	5,780	700	340	360
None	12,930	7,235	5,695	690	335	350
English	45	25	20	0	0	0
French	50	15	40	0	0	0
Non-official language	95	65	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	90	65	25	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	19,520	10,110	9,410	1,275	620	655
Non-movers	15,050	7,885	7,170	1,120	550	570
Movers	4,470	2,230	2,240	150	65	90
Non-migrants	2,960	1,465	1,495	45	15	30
Migrants	1,510	770	740	105	55	55
Internal migrants	1,290	645	645	105	50	55
Intraprovincial migrants	785	380	410	105	50	60
Interprovincial migrants	510	265	240	0	0	0
External migrants	225	125	95	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	18,215	9,510	8,705	1,230	595	635
Non-movers	7,450	3,800	3,655	855	415	440
Movers	10,760	5,710	5,055	375	180	200
Non-migrants	5,495	2,805	2,685	100	60	40
Migrants	5,270	2,905	2,365	275	115	160
Internal migrants	4,205	2,280	1,930	270	115	150
Intraprovincial migrants	2,780	1,495	1,285	270	115	155
Interprovincial migrants	1,425	780	645	0	0	0
External migrants	1,065	625	440	10	0	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Fort St. John, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and West Lorne [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort St. John, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and West Lorne [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Fort St. John, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and West Lorne [Population centre], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort St. John, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and West Lorne [Population centre], Ontario