Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitehorse, City [Census subdivision], Yukon and Cold Lake, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Whitehorse, CY Yukon [Census subdivision]			Cold Lake, CY Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Whitehorse, City [Census subdivision], Yukon Map : Whitehorse, City [Census subdivision], Yukon Change geography 1			Data quality : Cold Lake, City [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	25,085	...	...	14,961	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	23,276	...	...	13,839	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.8	...	...	8.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	10,710	...	...	6,657	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	10,187	...	...	5,597	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	60.2	...	...	249.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	416.54	...	...	59.92	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	25,085	12,430	12,655	14,960	7,800	7,160
0 to 14 years	4,595	2,455	2,140	3,400	1,695	1,700
0 to 4 years	1,560	845	710	1,315	630	680
5 to 9 years	1,560	820	740	1,190	625	565
10 to 14 years	1,470	785	690	895	440	460
15 to 64 years	17,745	8,625	9,125	10,650	5,685	4,965
15 to 19 years	1,455	735	725	810	445	370
20 to 24 years	1,470	775	690	1,130	600	535
25 to 29 years	1,945	960	985	1,755	970	785
30 to 34 years	2,145	1,045	1,105	1,630	875	760
35 to 39 years	1,880	875	1,005	1,220	640	580
40 to 44 years	1,800	805	995	970	510	455
45 to 49 years	1,725	830	900	795	400	395
50 to 54 years	1,885	895	995	1,015	530	490
55 to 59 years	1,885	925	965	850	465	380
60 to 64 years	1,550	775	770	470	245	220
65 years and over	2,745	1,355	1,390	915	415	495
65 to 69 years	1,165	580	585	305	150	155
70 to 74 years	690	375	315	215	100	115
75 to 79 years	410	210	200	160	70	85
80 to 84 years	260	105	165	135	55	80
85 years and over	220	90	130	105	45	60
85 to 89 years	140	65	70	70	30	35
90 to 94 years	60	25	35	20	5	10
95 to 99 years	20	0	15	15	5	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.3	19.8	16.9	22.7	21.7	23.7
15 to 64 years	70.7	69.4	72.1	71.2	72.9	69.3
65 years and over	10.9	10.9	11.0	6.1	5.3	6.9
85 years and over	0.9	0.7	1.0	0.7	0.6	0.8
Average age of the population	37.9	37.2	38.6	32.7	32.5	32.8
Median age of the population	37.4	36.3	38.5	31.2	31.1	31.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	10,185	...	...	5,595	...	...
Single-detached house	5,100	...	...	3,745	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	45	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,060	...	...	1,555	...	...
Semi-detached house	975	...	...	580	...	...
Row house	870	...	...	245	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	560	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,615	...	...	695	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	980	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	10,190	...	...	5,595	...	...
1 person	2,980	...	...	1,255	...	...
2 persons	3,365	...	...	1,920	...	...
3 persons	1,685	...	...	960	...	...
4 persons	1,405	...	...	950	...	...
5 or more persons	755	...	...	515	...	...
Number of persons in private households	24,560	...	...	14,625	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	20,495	9,975	10,520	11,560	6,105	5,460
Married or living common law	11,285	5,625	5,665	7,350	3,670	3,680
Married	8,100	4,045	4,055	5,525	2,775	2,755
Living common law	3,185	1,580	1,610	1,825	900	920
Not married and not living common law	9,210	4,350	4,855	4,215	2,430	1,785
Never married	6,440	3,335	3,110	3,115	1,960	1,155
Separated	550	225	325	270	140	135
Divorced	1,495	625	870	525	260	265
Widowed	725	170	555	305	75	230
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,830	...	...	4,115	...	...
2 persons	3,485	...	...	1,930	...	...
3 persons	1,505	...	...	900	...	...
4 persons	1,330	...	...	880	...	...
5 or more persons	510	...	...	410	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,830	...	...	4,115	...	...
Total couple families	5,490	...	...	3,585	...	...
Married couples	3,895	...	...	2,675	...	...
Common-law couples	1,595	...	...	910	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,345	...	...	525	...	...
Female parent	1,020	...	...	385	...	...
Male parent	330	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,490	...	...	3,590	...	...
Couples without children	2,640	...	...	1,590	...	...
Couples with children	2,845	...	...	2,000	...	...
1 child	1,150	...	...	770	...	...
2 children	1,220	...	...	835	...	...
3 or more children	485	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,340	...	...	530	...	...
1 child	845	...	...	335	...	...
2 children	355	...	...	125	...	...
3 or more children	140	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,035	2,480	2,565	2,350	1,470	880
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	10,190	...	...	5,595	...	...
One-census-family households	6,460	...	...	3,940	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,470	...	...	1,520	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,990	...	...	2,425	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	185	...	...	85	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,545	...	...	1,570	...	...
One-person households	2,980	...	...	1,255	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	560	...	...	315	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	24,780	12,255	12,525	14,905	7,775	7,130
English only	20,885	10,500	10,395	12,760	6,655	6,110
French only	65	25	40	85	30	55
English and French	3,695	1,670	2,025	2,035	1,085	950
Neither English nor French	130	55	70	25	10	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	24,780	12,255	12,525	14,905	7,775	7,135
English	23,490	11,605	11,890	13,880	7,200	6,680
French	1,080	555	525	960	545	420
English and French	85	40	40	35	20	15
Neither English nor French	130	55	70	20	5	20
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,125	570	550	980	555	430
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	4.5	4.7	4.4	6.6	7.1	6.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	24,780	12,250	12,525	14,905	7,775	7,130
Single responses	24,330	12,025	12,300	14,710	7,670	7,045
Official languages	21,500	10,725	10,775	13,580	7,130	6,455
English	20,440	10,185	10,255	12,595	6,570	6,025
French	1,060	540	520	990	560	425
Non-official languages	2,825	1,300	1,530	1,130	540	590
Aboriginal languages	150	50	100	40	15	25
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	25	5	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	10	25	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	5	5	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	20	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	105	35	70	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	105	35	70	10	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	5	10	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	40	15	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	20	5	15	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	20	10	15	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,675	1,250	1,430	1,090	525	565
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	30	15	55	35	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	25	15	50	30	20
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	30	15	10	40	25	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	15	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	25	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	895	385	510	405	175	230
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	70	30	40	30	15	20
Fijian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	20	15	10	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	730	310	420	340	150	195
Waray-Waray	5	5	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	15	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	25	25	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	10	5	5	5
Telugu	5	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,065	540	525	470	235	235
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	205	100	105	95	50	45
Baltic languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages	200	100	105	90	50	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Czech	25	15	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	35	20	20	25	15	10
Russian	65	25	40	25	15	15
Serbian	5	0	0	10	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	20	10	25	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	450	235	220	125	55	65
Afrikaans	10	5	5	25	15	15
Danish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dutch	65	30	35	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	345	180	165	75	35	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	200	110	90	120	75	45
Indo-Aryan languages	180	90	85	105	70	35
Bengali	20	5	15	10	5	5
Gujarati	15	15	5	20	10	10
Hindi	30	20	10	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	35	40	20	15	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	15	15	5
Urdu	20	15	10	20	15	5
Iranian languages	25	20	5	15	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	5	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	5	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	80	100	125	50	70
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	5	5	0
Portuguese	10	5	10	10	5	5
Romanian	15	10	5	5	0	5
Spanish	140	60	85	105	40	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	40	55	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	15	30	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	5	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	315	140	175	65	30	35
Chinese languages	310	140	175	65	30	35
Cantonese	195	85	110	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	40	55	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	5	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	15	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	20	5	15	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	15	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages	55	25	30	0	0	5
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	5
Hungarian	40	20	15	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	450	225	220	190	105	85
English and French	170	90	80	90	50	40
English and non-official language	255	120	135	95	50	45
French and non-official language	10	10	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	24,780	12,250	12,525	14,905	7,775	7,130
Single responses	24,090	11,935	12,155	14,585	7,615	6,975
Official languages	22,860	11,350	11,510	14,095	7,375	6,725
English	22,245	11,050	11,195	13,520	7,075	6,445
French	615	295	315	575	300	275
Non-official languages	1,230	590	645	485	240	250
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	5	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,215	580	635	485	235	250
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	30	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	20	10	5	20	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	515	235	280	235	115	120
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	20	15	10	5	5
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	440	195	240	215	105	110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	5	5	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	5	5	5	5
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	315	165	150	145	65	80
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	35	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	35	35	10	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	5	5	0	0
Russian	35	15	20	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	60	30	25	30	15	15
Afrikaans	5	5	0	15	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	25	20	15	10	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	95	55	40	50	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	35	45	20	20
Bengali	15	5	10	5	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	0	10	5	10
Hindi	10	5	5	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	15	10	5
Iranian languages	15	15	5	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	40	45	55	15	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Spanish	75	35	45	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	10	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	195	90	110	30	10	15
Chinese languages	200	90	105	25	15	15
Cantonese	140	60	75	10	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	30	15	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	690	315	370	320	160	160
English and French	95	50	50	70	40	25
English and non-official language	570	255	310	245	115	130
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	24,775	12,250	12,525	14,905	7,775	7,130
None	22,030	11,000	11,030	13,425	7,035	6,390
English	950	440	510	570	295	275
French	690	325	365	455	235	220
Non-official language	1,045	450	590	450	205	240
Aboriginal	160	60	100	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal	885	395	490	415	190	225
English and French	15	10	5	5	5	0
English and non-official language	25	10	10	5	0	5
French and non-official language	30	15	15	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	20,015	9,710	10,305	11,235	5,875	5,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,400	9,405	10,000	10,830	5,675	5,155
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,448	53,893	45,560	54,144	72,820	33,958
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,405	9,400	10,000	10,835	5,675	5,160
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,183	47,645	41,220	46,498	60,533	30,626
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,355	8,910	9,445	10,295	5,570	4,730
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,060	53,184	43,328	54,174	72,294	32,768
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,895	5,305	6,590	5,475	1,925	3,550
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,872	3,221	4,125	3,362	3,044	3,542
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,750	8,240	8,515	9,540	5,250	4,285
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,463	51,667	43,872	53,504	71,033	33,400
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	20,015	9,710	10,305	11,235	5,875	5,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,385	9,445	9,935	10,810	5,660	5,150
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,236	62,534	52,201	67,434	89,165	43,548
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,390	9,445	9,940	10,820	5,660	5,160
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,704	52,357	45,233	54,047	69,723	36,845
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,335	8,955	9,380	10,300	5,555	4,745
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,732	61,824	49,920	67,255	88,352	42,566
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,030	5,415	6,620	5,455	1,875	3,580
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,292	6,895	7,618	6,622	7,412	6,208
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,755	8,270	8,485	9,535	5,225	4,310
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,571	58,582	48,687	63,888	82,333	41,533
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	20,015	9,710	10,310	11,240	5,880	5,355
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	7,800	3,895	3,905	4,620	2,835	1,790
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	69,320	74,330	65,756	68,155	75,635	51,469
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	73,152	78,008	68,307	79,421	93,172	57,664
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.1	93.7	90.5	95.1	97.5	90.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	80.6	82.2	78.8	83.3	85.6	78.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	7.8	6.3	9.5	4.9	2.5	10.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	20,015	9,710	10,305	11,235	5,875	5,360
Without total income	615	305	310	405	205	200
With total income	19,400	9,405	10,000	10,830	5,675	5,160
Percentage with total income	96.9	96.9	97.0	96.4	96.6	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,740	825	915	1,135	325	810
$10,000 to $19,999	2,130	980	1,155	990	260	735
$20,000 to $29,999	2,235	970	1,265	1,045	300	745
$30,000 to $39,999	1,930	820	1,110	995	320	680
$40,000 to $49,999	1,750	800	950	860	365	500
$50,000 to $59,999	1,650	795	855	895	445	450
$60,000 to $69,999	1,735	765	965	950	580	370
$70,000 to $79,999	1,560	755	805	1,020	765	255
$80,000 to $89,999	1,280	650	630	580	405	175
$90,000 to $99,999	1,035	555	480	430	315	115
$100,000 and over	2,360	1,485	870	1,930	1,595	335
$100,000 to $149,999	1,785	1,085	700	1,080	845	240
$150,000 and over	575	400	175	850	750	100
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	20,015	9,705	10,305	11,235	5,875	5,360
Without after-tax income	610	305	305	400	205	200
With after-tax income	19,405	9,400	10,000	10,835	5,675	5,160
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	96.9	97.0	96.4	96.6	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,785	845	940	1,160	325	830
$10,000 to $19,999	2,230	1,020	1,205	1,050	280	770
$20,000 to $29,999	2,520	1,110	1,415	1,280	365	915
$30,000 to $39,999	2,255	970	1,290	1,185	430	755
$40,000 to $49,999	2,150	1,015	1,135	1,160	585	580
$50,000 to $59,999	2,195	1,015	1,180	1,300	800	500
$60,000 to $69,999	1,990	960	1,025	1,125	835	285
$70,000 to $79,999	1,600	825	770	665	485	180
$80,000 and over	2,685	1,640	1,040	1,915	1,570	340
$80,000 to $89,999	990	545	450	475	335	140
$90,000 to $99,999	600	380	220	300	240	60
$100,000 and over	1,100	725	380	1,140	995	140
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	20,015	9,710	10,305	11,235	5,880	5,360
Without employment income	3,265	1,470	1,790	1,700	625	1,075
With employment income	16,755	8,240	8,515	9,540	5,255	4,280
Percentage with employment income	83.7	84.9	82.6	84.9	89.4	79.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,635	765	870	775	295	470
$5,000 to $9,999	1,025	460	570	515	170	345
$10,000 to $19,999	1,735	785	950	820	250	565
$20,000 to $29,999	1,455	655	800	820	270	550
$30,000 to $39,999	1,465	700	765	835	285	550
$40,000 to $49,999	1,385	650	730	755	330	420
$50,000 to $59,999	1,360	630	730	755	400	360
$60,000 to $69,999	1,495	650	840	870	550	320
$70,000 to $79,999	1,330	630	700	910	705	205
$80,000 and over	3,870	2,310	1,560	2,480	2,000	480
$80,000 to $89,999	1,115	605	515	495	350	145
$90,000 to $99,999	860	470	390	395	285	110
$100,000 and over	1,890	1,235	660	1,600	1,370	225
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	10,190	...	...	5,600	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	93,652	...	...	110,575	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,768	...	...	92,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,980	...	...	1,255	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,019	...	...	65,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,524	...	...	55,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	7,205	...	...	4,345	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	119,430	...	...	126,242	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,680	...	...	105,070	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	10,185	...	...	5,595	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	108,914	...	...	130,243	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	92,698	...	...	104,468	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,980	...	...	1,255	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	53,726	...	...	75,319	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,319	...	...	60,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	7,205	...	...	4,340	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	131,769	...	...	146,128	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	111,906	...	...	117,244	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	10,185	...	...	5,600	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	315	...	...	70	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	385	...	...	95	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	290	...	...	100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	295	...	...	95	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	300	...	...	95	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	295	...	...	110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	275	...	...	115	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	575	...	...	245	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	630	...	...	310	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	615	...	...	395	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	635	...	...	335	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	595	...	...	360	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,725	...	...	3,170	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,225	...	...	800	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,045	...	...	695	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,420	...	...	800	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,040	...	...	870	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,185	...	...	5,600	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	135	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	320	...	...	80	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	395	...	...	100	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	330	...	...	115	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	330	...	...	105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	340	...	...	135	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	360	...	...	125	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	320	...	...	160	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	755	...	...	430	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	770	...	...	425	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	775	...	...	450	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	665	...	...	450	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	650	...	...	415	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,900	...	...	2,500	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,345	...	...	905	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,090	...	...	610	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,470	...	...	990	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,795	...	...	4,095	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	117,148	...	...	123,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,610	...	...	103,497	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,460	...	...	1,500	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	112,463	...	...	117,461	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,440	...	...	97,120	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,865	...	...	2,010	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	146,018	...	...	138,057	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,672	...	...	114,987	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,275	...	...	485	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,011	...	...	66,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,693	...	...	59,179	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,800	...	...	4,105	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	130,199	...	...	143,154	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	110,357	...	...	114,546	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,480	...	...	1,525	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	122,681	...	...	137,943	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	103,393	...	...	109,213	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,910	...	...	2,005	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	160,201	...	...	162,986	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,816	...	...	130,393	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,235	...	...	495	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	76,887	...	...	78,869	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,317	...	...	66,367	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,460	2,210	2,245	2,080	1,315	760
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	43,183	41,356	44,558	59,008	66,341	40,192
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	39,413	37,632	40,503	49,129	54,869	36,096
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,465	2,295	2,175	2,105	1,325	780
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	50,200	50,135	50,269	66,807	73,982	54,632
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,422	42,872	44,003	54,130	59,196	45,532
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	24,560	12,135	12,425	14,625	7,570	7,055
In the bottom half of the distribution	7,915	3,850	4,060	4,140	1,970	2,175
In the bottom decile	1,345	730	610	660	290	370
In the second decile	1,640	765	875	615	270	340
In the third decile	1,440	680	765	735	335	400
In the fourth decile	1,545	700	845	965	475	485
In the fifth decile	1,940	975	965	1,170	600	570
In the top half of the distribution	16,645	8,285	8,360	10,485	5,600	4,880
In the sixth decile	2,080	1,030	1,055	1,535	770	760
In the seventh decile	2,520	1,225	1,295	1,770	935	830
In the eighth decile	3,290	1,610	1,680	1,965	1,040	925
In the ninth decile	4,115	2,095	2,025	2,370	1,280	1,090
In the top decile	4,640	2,335	2,310	2,845	1,570	1,270
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	14,625	7,570	7,050
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	3,855	1,950	1,905
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	1,545	765	785
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	9,950	5,240	4,710
65 years and over	0	0	0	820	380	440
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	845	375	470
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	365	180	185
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	160	70	85
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	440	190	255
65 years and over	0	0	0	40	10	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	5.8	5.0	6.7
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	9.5	9.2	9.7
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	10.4	9.2	10.8
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	4.4	3.6	5.4
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	4.9	2.6	6.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	415	180	240
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	160	75	90
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	55	25	35
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	255	105	155
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	2.8	2.4	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	4.2	3.8	4.7
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	3.6	3.3	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	2.6	2.0	3.3
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	24,560	12,135	12,425	14,625	7,570	7,055
Official languages	24,465	12,095	12,370	14,600	7,565	7,035
English	24,415	12,080	12,340	14,520	7,545	6,975
French	3,720	1,680	2,040	2,060	1,080	975
Non-official languages	3,960	1,815	2,145	1,670	840	825
Aboriginal languages	260	85	180	45	20	25
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	25	15	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	125	20	100	25	10	20
Northern Athabaskan languages	115	25	90	25	10	20
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	10	10	25	10	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	70	10	60	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	10	20	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	40	0	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	10	35	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	75	35	40	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,705	1,735	1,970	1,620	820	805
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	45	0	85	40	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	20	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	25	10	85	45	45
Amharic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	20	0	75	35	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	55	25	30	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,095	455	640	545	270	275
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	100	45	55	45	20	25
Fijian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	15	25	15	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	35	15	25	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	975	410	565	535	265	275
Waray-Waray	25	10	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	0	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	20	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,930	950	980	745	380	360
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	250	130	120	155	75	80
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	250	125	125	155	75	80
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	50	30	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	15	40	20	15
Russian	110	60	55	90	50	45
Serbian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	0	20	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	620	305	315	185	95	90
Afrikaans	45	20	20	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	10	0	0
Dutch	105	45	65	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	470	230	240	155	70	80
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	300	185	120	140	85	55
Indo-Aryan languages	290	170	115	130	75	55
Bengali	20	10	10	10	10	10
Gujarati	50	45	10	25	10	15
Hindi	160	115	55	40	25	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	65	75	35	30	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Urdu	50	25	30	15	10	0
Iranian languages	15	10	0	10	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	0	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	815	360	450	280	135	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	90	35	50	15	10	10
Portuguese	50	30	20	30	20	10
Romanian	15	0	10	15	15	0
Spanish	690	310	380	225	110	125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	45	40	15	0	15
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	20	50	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	20	55	30	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	25	15	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	30	10	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	25	10	0	10
American Sign Language	25	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	255	125	130	130	60	65
Chinese languages	255	125	130	130	65	70
Cantonese	155	95	70	60	35	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	160	75	90	90	40	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	20	10	25	0	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	20	15	20	0	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	0	50	40	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	30	10
Uralic languages	75	35	35	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	0	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	60	40	20	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	24,560	12,135	12,425	14,625	7,570	7,055
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	22,965	11,360	11,605	13,750	7,135	6,615
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,135	2,655	2,480	3,755	1,890	1,860
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,830	8,710	9,125	9,995	5,245	4,755
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,595	775	820	870	430	440
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	24,560	12,135	12,425	14,625	7,570	7,055
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	21,095	10,505	10,585	13,100	6,835	6,265
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,120	1,405	1,710	1,215	575	635
Before 1981	865	420	445	190	85	110
1981 to 1990	255	125	135	105	55	50
1991 to 2000	290	105	185	210	90	120
2001 to 2010	810	380	430	230	95	130
2001 to 2005	230	95	130	75	40	35
2006 to 2010	580	285	300	155	60	95
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	905	380	525	475	240	235
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	345	220	125	310	160	150
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,120	1,410	1,710	1,210	580	635
Under 5 years	330	150	180	130	70	60
5 to 14 years	575	265	310	285	140	150
15 to 24 years	665	265	400	250	135	120
25 to 44 years	1,340	620	720	485	210	275
45 years and over	210	105	100	60	25	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,120	1,410	1,710	1,215	575	635
Americas	445	180	265	140	55	90
Brazil	10	0	0	0	10	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	10
El Salvador	10	0	0	20	10	10
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	15	0	10	10	0	0
Mexico	30	15	15	20	10	15
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	335	130	205	40	15	25
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	10	10	10	0
Europe	920	470	450	380	160	220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	10
France	40	20	15	15	10	0
Germany	170	90	85	55	15	40
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	35	15	15	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italy	30	15	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	105	50	50	10	0	10
Poland	15	10	10	30	10	20
Portugal	10	0	0	10	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	20	10	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	325	165	165	190	75	115
Other places of birth in Europe	150	80	70	30	25	10
Africa	155	110	45	80	55	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	0	20	15	0
Somalia	20	15	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	50	25	25	20	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	40	25	15	50	30	15
Asia	1,525	625	895	605	310	295
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	200	75	125	55	25	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	115	50	60	45	35	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	0	10	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	55	20	30	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	895	350	545	355	170	185
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	30	15	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	60	25	30	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	115	50	60	50	30	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	75	25	55	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	900	380	525	475	240	235
Americas	50	15	30	20	10	20
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	10	15	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	95	45	50	30	20	10
France	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	35	20	20	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	15	15	10	10	0
Africa	10	10	0	15	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	10	0	10
Asia	745	305	440	405	210	190
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	20	15	0	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	40	15	25	25	15	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	555	210	345	310	160	155
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	35	15	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	25	30	15	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	24,560	12,135	12,420	14,625	7,570	7,055
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,585	1,695	1,890	1,670	810	865
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,060	1,940	2,120	1,865	1,000	870
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	16,915	8,505	8,410	11,085	5,765	5,320
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,310	1,010	1,290	1,025	495	535
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,485	690	795	670	350	325
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	670	360	310	265	160	105
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	820	335	485	405	185	215
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	715	250	460	305	115	195
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	100	60	35	35	20	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	24,560	12,135	12,420	14,625	7,570	7,055
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,420	2,040	2,380	1,360	645	710
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	4,230	1,930	2,300	1,345	640	710
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,245	1,530	1,715	540	230	310
Métis	785	330	455	780	390	395
Inuk (Inuit)	200	70	130	25	20	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	135	75	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	60	35	20	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	20,135	10,090	10,045	13,265	6,925	6,340
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	24,560	12,135	12,425	14,625	7,570	7,055
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,645	1,300	1,355	450	195	260
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,910	10,840	11,075	14,175	7,375	6,795
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	24,560	12,135	12,425	14,620	7,570	7,055
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,355	625	735	240	105	135
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,315	590	725	240	105	135
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,140	510	630	145	60	85
Métis single ancestry	100	40	55	95	45	45
Inuit single ancestry	75	35	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	45	30	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	40	25	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,175	1,460	1,715	1,360	675	685
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,950	1,355	1,595	1,265	615	655
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,275	1,055	1,225	650	320	330
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	550	245	310	595	275	325
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	125	60	60	15	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	225	105	125	90	60	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	60	70	90	55	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	40	50	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	20,030	10,055	9,970	13,025	6,790	6,230
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	24,560	12,135	12,420	14,625	7,570	7,050
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,665	1,220	1,445	1,600	815	780
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	480	260	210	185	105	80
Chinese	375	160	215	180	80	105
Black	215	100	115	250	150	100
Filipino	1,045	435	615	585	290	295
Latin American	100	65	40	95	35	65
Arab	10	0	0	60	30	30
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	170	75	90	40	10	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	20	10	30	20	10
Korean	75	25	50	25	10	10
Japanese	55	30	30	40	30	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	105	50	55	70	40	30
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	21,895	10,915	10,985	13,025	6,750	6,275
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	24,555	12,135	12,425	14,625	7,570	7,055
North American Aboriginal origins	4,530	2,075	2,455	1,605	780	825
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,670	1,690	1,985	890	445	445
Inuit	330	165	160	25	20	0
Métis	795	355	435	780	375	400
Other North American origins	7,290	3,695	3,590	5,485	2,800	2,685
Acadian	125	45	80	65	25	35
American	480	210	270	190	80	105
Canadian	6,800	3,480	3,315	5,245	2,700	2,550
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	15	20	25	0	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	70	25	45	20	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	10	0	0	0
European origins	18,015	8,880	9,140	10,480	5,425	5,060
British Isles origins	13,105	6,490	6,615	7,115	3,655	3,465
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	7,520	3,765	3,750	3,940	2,005	1,935
Irish	5,100	2,410	2,695	2,915	1,465	1,455
Manx	10	0	10	10	10	0
Scottish	6,260	3,010	3,250	3,220	1,730	1,485
Welsh	715	335	375	320	160	165
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	940	445	495	375	160	220
French origins	3,710	1,770	1,945	2,690	1,350	1,330
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,695	1,755	1,940	2,685	1,355	1,330
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,335	2,565	2,770	3,100	1,585	1,515
Austrian	240	95	140	65	45	20
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	130	70	65	110	60	55
Dutch	1,305	595	710	600	320	280
Flemish	10	0	10	15	0	15
Frisian	15	0	15	20	15	10
German	3,815	1,850	1,965	2,450	1,240	1,210
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	255	155	100	60	25	35
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	35	0	35	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,470	1,155	1,310	1,185	605	575
Danish	410	215	200	150	60	95
Finnish	210	100	110	65	35	30
Icelandic	185	110	75	140	65	75
Norwegian	990	490	500	620	340	280
Swedish	820	350	475	280	165	120
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	140	75	70	70	45	30
Eastern European origins	3,405	1,650	1,760	2,245	1,195	1,050
Bulgarian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	10	15	0	10
Czech	115	70	50	15	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	30	10	20	20	10	15
Estonian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	425	215	210	120	55	60
Latvian	45	25	15	30	15	10
Lithuanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	865	395	470	635	335	305
Romanian	105	45	65	140	70	70
Russian	580	265	315	330	170	165
Slovak	95	50	40	15	15	0
Ukrainian	1,690	815	875	1,320	685	635
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	15	15	10	0	10
Southern European origins	1,110	480	625	570	270	300
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	10	30	10	10	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	25	10	15	15	0
Italian	695	280	410	305	140	165
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	10	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	30	35	25	20	10
Serbian	0	0	10	10	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Spanish	230	115	110	190	85	105
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	15	10	25	15	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	330	115	215	25	15	0
Basque	20	0	15	0	0	0
Jewish	135	45	90	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	10	20	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	155	70	85	20	10	0
Caribbean origins	125	55	70	140	55	75
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Jamaican	85	40	50	60	30	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	10	25	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	175	95	80	190	90	100
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	15	10	10	10	10
Chilean	20	20	10	15	0	15
Colombian	20	15	10	10	10	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Guatemalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	10	0	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexican	65	35	30	40	10	30
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	0	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	70	40	25
African origins	270	120	150	215	150	65
Central and West African origins	40	15	20	110	70	40
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	15	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	75	45	30
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	25	0	15	25	20	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	20	0	15	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	90	40	45	45	30	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	15	0	0
South African	50	20	30	15	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	10	10	10	10	0
Other African origins	120	50	70	45	35	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	115	50	60	45	35	10
Asian origins	2,530	1,130	1,395	1,300	660	640
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	135	70	65	195	110	80
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	10	0	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	35	25	10
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	15	20	90	55	35
Palestinian	10	0	10	35	20	15
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	10	15	15	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	435	255	185	185	100	85
Bangladeshi	25	15	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	305	155	150	120	60	60
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	40	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	55	25	30	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sri Lankan	20	15	0	30	25	10
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,935	810	1,125	965	465	500
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Chinese	560	220	345	275	120	155
Filipino	1,180	510	670	605	300	310
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	10	10	10	0	10
Japanese	80	35	40	65	40	25
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	25	55	20	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	50	10	35	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	25	10	15	20	0	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	45	35	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	25	0	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	0	25	0	0	0
Oceania origins	125	60	65	20	20	0
Australian	65	30	35	0	0	0
New Zealander	40	20	20	0	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	25	10	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maori	15	15	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	10,185	...	...	5,595	...	...
Owner	6,710	...	...	3,805	...	...
Renter	3,480	...	...	1,795	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	10,190	...	...	5,600	...	...
Condominium	1,445	...	...	530	...	...
Not condominium	8,740	...	...	5,070	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	10,190	...	...	5,600	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,285	...	...	210	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,795	...	...	1,105	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,520	...	...	1,985	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,520	...	...	2,285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	10,185	...	...	5,600	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,030	...	...	1,005	...	...
5 rooms	1,715	...	...	860	...	...
6 rooms	1,590	...	...	955	...	...
7 rooms	1,270	...	...	800	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,585	...	...	1,975	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	10,185	...	...	5,595	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,030	...	...	5,540	...	...
More than 1 person per room	155	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	10,185	...	...	5,595	...	...
Suitable	9,755	...	...	5,495	...	...
Not suitable	430	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	10,185	...	...	5,595	...	...
1960 or before	955	...	...	540	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,370	...	...	1,325	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,315	...	...	830	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,575	...	...	665	...	...
2001 to 2005	695	...	...	565	...	...
2006 to 2010	990	...	...	815	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,285	...	...	855	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	10,185	...	...	5,600	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	9,295	...	...	5,205	...	...
Major repairs needed	890	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	10,185	...	...	5,600	...	...
1 household maintainer	5,780	...	...	3,260	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,010	...	...	2,210	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	395	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	10,185	...	...	5,595	...	...
15 to 24 years	305	...	...	375	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,775	...	...	1,740	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,990	...	...	1,165	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,155	...	...	1,065	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,220	...	...	725	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,175	...	...	300	...	...
75 to 84 years	455	...	...	190	...	...
85 years and over	110	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	10,180	...	...	5,585	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,160	...	...	4,795	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,015	...	...	785	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,825	...	...	720	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,710	...	...	3,805	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	68.5	...	...	76.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.6	...	...	11.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,562	...	...	1,818	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,515	...	...	1,748	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	384,194	...	...	349,734	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	390,455	...	...	373,202	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,475	...	...	1,795	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	22.1	...	...	17.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.7	...	...	19.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,097	...	...	1,267	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,165	...	...	1,309	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	20,015	9,710	10,305	11,240	5,875	5,360
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,910	1,550	1,360	1,680	865	815
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,935	2,405	2,530	3,330	1,760	1,570
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,175	5,760	6,415	6,220	3,245	2,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,870	1,455	420	1,530	1,200	320
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	680	420	260	560	385	175
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,195	1,035	160	965	815	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,160	1,690	2,465	2,725	1,220	1,505
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	560	240	320	240	60	180
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,580	2,370	3,210	1,730	765	965
Bachelor's degree	3,635	1,505	2,135	1,375	585	795
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	330	140	190	75	25	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	155	90	55	30	20	10
Master's degree	1,360	590	775	230	125	105
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	100	50	50	15	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	14,615	7,030	7,585	8,560	4,510	4,050
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,295	795	500	745	395	350
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,095	1,465	1,630	2,445	1,305	1,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,220	4,765	5,455	5,370	2,810	2,555
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,485	1,180	305	1,235	1,005	230
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	495	315	175	440	310	130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	990	865	125	795	690	105
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,385	1,370	2,015	2,390	1,085	1,305
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	470	195	275	210	55	160
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,885	2,020	2,865	1,530	670	865
Bachelor's degree	3,175	1,290	1,885	1,195	505	690
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	280	110	170	70	30	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	135	80	55	25	15	10
Master's degree	1,200	495	705	225	120	105
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	95	45	50	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	20,015	9,705	10,305	11,235	5,875	5,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,845	3,955	3,890	5,015	2,625	2,385
Education	1,090	390	700	460	125	335
13. Education	1,090	390	705	460	120	340
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	350	165	180	95	30	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	40	10	20	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	300	130	175	80	25	50
Humanities	640	280	355	135	45	85
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	0	45	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	180	85	95	35	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	65	105	35	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	40	25	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	45	15	10	0	0
54. History	90	30	60	20	25	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	20	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,530	530	1,005	415	60	350
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	35	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	30	90	30	15	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	265	25	240	135	10	135
22. Legal professions and studies	240	120	120	85	10	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	25	10	0	10
42. Psychology	210	60	150	55	15	45
45. Social sciences	640	290	350	95	20	80
Business, management and public administration	2,515	755	1,760	915	245	670
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	410	100	310	70	0	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,110	655	1,450	845	235	610
Physical and life sciences and technologies	485	245	240	210	100	110
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	280	140	140	80	35	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	30	40	60	40	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	60	55	55	25	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	325	165	160	120	55	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	225	140	85	105	45	60
25. Library science	40	10	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	20	40	15	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,290	2,095	195	2,360	2,100	260
04. Architecture and related services	65	45	20	20	10	10
14. Engineering	345	275	70	320	230	90
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	350	310	35	370	330	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	740	710	30	375	345	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	640	610	30	1,105	1,025	75
48. Precision production	140	135	0	170	150	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	490	270	215	110	40	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	60	25	35	40	10	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	430	245	185	70	35	35
Health and related fields	1,625	395	1,235	840	120	720
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	145	60	85	75	30	45
51. Health professions and related programs	1,440	310	1,130	755	85	670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	25	15	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	830	465	360	565	325	235
12. Personal and culinary services	425	130	295	285	75	205
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	50	45	10
43. Security and protective services	160	110	50	110	85	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	240	220	20	105	105	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	14,615	7,025	7,585	8,560	4,510	4,050
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,390	2,260	2,130	3,190	1,700	1,490
Education	875	290	590	395	100	295
13. Education	875	290	585	395	95	290
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	315	160	160	80	20	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	40	0	20	10	15
50. Visual and performing arts	270	120	155	65	10	50
Humanities	505	220	290	110	40	70
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	10	30	10	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	155	80	80	30	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	35	80	25	15	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	30	20	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	45	10	0	10	0
54. History	75	20	55	20	20	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,355	475	880	375	50	320
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	0	30	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	25	85	30	15	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	20	185	125	0	120
22. Legal professions and studies	230	115	115	75	10	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	0	0	10
42. Psychology	185	55	130	55	10	40
45. Social sciences	565	255	315	85	15	65
Business, management and public administration	2,100	600	1,500	815	235	580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	340	75	260	60	0	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,755	520	1,235	755	230	530
Physical and life sciences and technologies	435	205	225	175	85	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	240	115	130	80	35	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	25	40	50	35	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	115	55	55	45	20	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	270	135	135	125	55	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	205	120	85	105	50	60
25. Library science	30	10	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	10	20	20	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,890	1,700	180	2,010	1,800	205
04. Architecture and related services	55	35	15	15	10	10
14. Engineering	295	230	60	270	195	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	295	260	40	330	290	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	630	595	30	295	275	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	500	480	25	955	895	60
48. Precision production	105	100	10	140	140	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	440	245	200	95	35	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	55	30	30	40	10	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	385	215	170	55	25	30
Health and related fields	1,355	340	1,015	745	105	635
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	125	50	75	75	30	45
51. Health professions and related programs	1,200	275	920	665	75	590
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	15	15	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	675	395	285	445	280	165
12. Personal and culinary services	335	110	230	200	65	135
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	50	45	10
43. Security and protective services	125	85	40	90	65	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	215	195	15	95	95	10
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	20,015	9,710	10,305	11,240	5,880	5,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,845	3,950	3,895	5,010	2,625	2,385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,170	5,760	6,415	6,225	3,250	2,975
Location of study inside Canada	10,265	4,815	5,445	5,525	2,935	2,595
Same as province or territory of residence	2,495	1,135	1,355	2,790	1,505	1,285
Different than province or territory of residence	7,765	3,680	4,085	2,740	1,430	1,310
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,905	935	970	695	315	380
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	430	250	180	115	65	55
Philippines	515	200	315	295	120	175
India	95	60	40	25	20	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	155	65	85	45	15	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	15	15	20	0	10
France	20	10	10	15	10	10
Other	670	350	325	180	85	95
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	14,615	7,030	7,590	8,560	4,515	4,050
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,390	2,260	2,130	3,195	1,700	1,490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	10,225	4,765	5,455	5,370	2,810	2,560
Location of study inside Canada	8,640	3,985	4,650	4,715	2,520	2,195
Same as province or territory of residence	2,045	905	1,140	2,300	1,260	1,040
Different than province or territory of residence	6,595	3,085	3,515	2,415	1,260	1,150
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,580	780	805	655	295	365
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	315	180	130	105	50	55
Philippines	490	190	300	290	120	170
India	85	50	30	15	20	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	50	45	40	15	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	20	0	10
France	15	10	10	20	10	15
Other	560	285	280	170	80	90
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	20,015	9,705	10,305	11,235	5,875	5,360
In the labour force	15,415	7,710	7,700	9,060	5,070	3,985
Employed	14,340	7,080	7,260	8,290	4,610	3,680
Unemployed	1,075	630	445	770	460	310
Not in the labour force	4,600	1,995	2,605	2,175	805	1,370
Participation rate	77.0	79.4	74.7	80.6	86.3	74.3
Employment rate	71.6	73.0	70.5	73.8	78.5	68.7
Unemployment rate	7.0	8.2	5.8	8.5	9.1	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	20,015	9,710	10,305	11,240	5,875	5,360
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,855	1,655	2,200	2,010	745	1,265
Worked	16,165	8,060	8,110	9,225	5,130	4,095
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	7,940	3,985	3,950	4,675	2,870	1,805
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	8,225	4,070	4,155	4,550	2,265	2,285
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	41.4	42.4	42.9	43.6	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	15,415	7,710	7,705	9,060	5,070	3,985
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	225	115	110	110	60	50
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	15,190	7,600	7,590	8,945	5,010	3,940
Employee	13,580	6,590	6,985	8,360	4,690	3,665
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,610	1,005	605	590	315	270
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	15,410	7,710	7,705	9,060	5,070	3,990
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	225	115	110	110	55	55
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	15,190	7,595	7,590	8,945	5,015	3,935
0 Management occupations	1,655	910	745	930	600	330
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,545	570	1,975	925	155	775
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,085	830	255	745	560	185
3 Health occupations	960	210	750	425	70	355
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,575	935	1,640	1,450	790	660
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	545	240	310	110	30	85
6 Sales and service occupations	2,940	1,235	1,705	1,910	630	1,285
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,475	2,305	170	1,505	1,350	155
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	205	180	25	420	375	50
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	210	180	25	520	460	60
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	15,415	7,715	7,700	9,055	5,070	3,990
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	225	115	110	110	60	50
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	15,190	7,595	7,595	8,945	5,015	3,935
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	70	60	10	45	25	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	255	225	25	1,395	1,120	280
22 Utilities	110	75	40	20	10	10
23 Construction	1,425	1,240	180	695	585	110
31-33 Manufacturing	250	175	80	185	130	55
41 Wholesale trade	270	200	70	140	90	45
44-45 Retail trade	1,605	870	735	1,030	360	670
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	735	540	200	265	165	100
51 Information and cultural industries	430	245	185	75	40	30
52 Finance and insurance	265	85	180	155	25	130
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	150	80	75	80	40	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,015	490	530	265	125	140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	20	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	365	220	150	335	165	165
61 Educational services	1,065	365	695	455	115	340
62 Health care and social assistance	1,555	325	1,230	685	65	620
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	290	135	155	135	35	100
72 Accommodation and food services	1,120	420	695	665	275	395
81 Other services (except public administration)	565	315	250	260	105	155
91 Public administration	3,635	1,530	2,105	2,045	1,510	530
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	14,340	7,080	7,260	8,290	4,610	3,680
Worked at home	915	505	410	225	30	200
Worked outside Canada	15	0	10	30	25	10
No fixed workplace address	1,500	1,130	370	1,340	1,050	290
Worked at usual place	11,915	5,445	6,470	6,695	3,500	3,190
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	11,915	5,445	6,470	6,695	3,505	3,195
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,560	5,225	6,335	5,055	2,430	2,620
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	190	125	65	1,450	930	520
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	130	95	35
Commute to a different province or territory	165	95	65	55	50	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	13,415	6,570	6,840	8,035	4,555	3,480
Car, truck, van - as a driver	10,430	5,325	5,105	6,545	3,740	2,805
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	845	280	570	680	380	305
Public transit	675	280	400	225	145	85
Walked	865	310	555	430	175	255
Bicycle	415	245	170	75	60	20
Other method	180	130	50	70	60	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	13,415	6,570	6,840	8,035	4,555	3,480
Less than 15 minutes	7,310	3,540	3,765	3,930	1,835	2,095
15 to 29 minutes	5,045	2,465	2,580	1,950	1,150	800
30 to 44 minutes	655	300	355	905	605	300
45 to 59 minutes	160	75	85	495	365	130
60 minutes and over	240	190	50	750	595	155
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	13,415	6,570	6,845	8,035	4,560	3,480
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	365	250	115	840	640	195
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,380	820	560	2,015	1,385	635
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,805	2,450	2,355	2,110	1,240	875
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,085	1,760	2,320	1,290	410	880
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,265	515	750	635	205	430
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,515	775	740	1,140	680	465
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	16,585	8,260	8,325	9,450	5,225	4,225
Single responses	16,460	8,205	8,255	9,380	5,190	4,195
Official languages	16,410	8,185	8,225	9,365	5,175	4,185
English	16,205	8,115	8,095	9,270	5,150	4,115
French	200	75	130	100	25	70
Non-official languages	50	20	35	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	15	30	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	10	10	0
Chinese languages	30	15	15	10	10	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	120	55	65	70	40	35
English and French	45	20	25	55	35	20
English and non-official language	65	35	35	15	0	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	16,580	8,260	8,320	9,450	5,225	4,225
None	15,590	7,845	7,740	8,725	4,835	3,890
English	150	55	95	70	25	45
French	580	245	340	570	330	245
Non-official language	255	110	145	85	40	45
Aboriginal	40	15	25	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	220	95	125	70	35	40
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	24,275	11,995	12,275	14,320	7,420	6,905
Non-movers	19,895	9,755	10,140	11,695	6,100	5,595
Movers	4,385	2,240	2,140	2,625	1,320	1,310
Non-migrants	2,915	1,495	1,425	1,410	730	685
Migrants	1,470	750	715	1,215	585	630
Internal migrants	1,260	650	605	1,140	560	580
Intraprovincial migrants	235	115	125	385	190	195
Interprovincial migrants	1,020	540	480	750	370	385
External migrants	210	100	115	75	30	45
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	23,015	11,300	11,715	13,315	6,930	6,385
Non-movers	11,820	5,755	6,060	6,000	3,115	2,885
Movers	11,195	5,545	5,650	7,310	3,815	3,495
Non-migrants	6,610	3,305	3,300	2,905	1,550	1,355
Migrants	4,585	2,235	2,350	4,405	2,265	2,135
Internal migrants	3,665	1,770	1,890	3,860	2,010	1,855
Intraprovincial migrants	495	220	275	1,105	570	535
Interprovincial migrants	3,170	1,555	1,620	2,755	1,440	1,315
External migrants	925	460	455	545	255	285

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Whitehorse, CY [Census subdivision], Yukon and Cold Lake, CY [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitehorse, City [Census subdivision], Yukon and Cold Lake, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Whitehorse, City [Census subdivision], Yukon and Cold Lake, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitehorse, City [Census subdivision], Yukon and Cold Lake, City [Census subdivision], Alberta