Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ibex Valley, Hamlet [Census subdivision], Yukon and Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Ibex Valley, HAM Yukon [Census subdivision]			Zone 2 - Northern Nova Scotia [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Ibex Valley, Hamlet [Census subdivision], Yukon Map : Ibex Valley, Hamlet [Census subdivision], Yukon Change geography 1			Data quality : Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Map : Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	411	...	...	146,249	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	346	...	...	149,479	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	18.8	...	...	-2.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	216	...	...	75,937	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	190	...	...	63,901	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.0	...	...	11.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	209.06	...	...	12,398.80	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	410	215	200	146,250	70,915	75,335
0 to 14 years	70	40	30	22,030	11,185	10,845
0 to 4 years	25	15	10	6,615	3,355	3,260
5 to 9 years	15	5	10	7,760	3,940	3,815
10 to 14 years	25	15	10	7,655	3,890	3,765
15 to 64 years	290	145	150	92,545	45,125	47,420
15 to 19 years	10	5	5	8,340	4,335	4,005
20 to 24 years	25	10	15	7,250	3,690	3,555
25 to 29 years	30	15	20	6,720	3,265	3,455
30 to 34 years	45	20	20	7,095	3,370	3,730
35 to 39 years	25	10	15	7,920	3,730	4,190
40 to 44 years	20	15	10	8,985	4,295	4,695
45 to 49 years	30	10	15	9,910	4,805	5,100
50 to 54 years	35	15	20	11,970	5,830	6,140
55 to 59 years	45	30	20	12,425	5,970	6,455
60 to 64 years	35	20	10	11,925	5,830	6,090
65 years and over	50	35	15	31,675	14,605	17,070
65 to 69 years	25	20	10	10,930	5,365	5,570
70 to 74 years	10	5	5	7,755	3,835	3,915
75 to 79 years	10	5	0	5,475	2,550	2,925
80 to 84 years	5	0	5	3,685	1,585	2,100
85 years and over	0	5	0	3,830	1,265	2,560
85 to 89 years	0	5	0	2,380	885	1,495
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	1,085	315	770
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	325	65	260
100 years and over	0	0	0	40	5	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	18.6	15.0	15.1	15.8	14.4
15 to 64 years	70.7	67.4	75.0	63.3	63.6	62.9
65 years and over	12.2	16.3	7.5	21.7	20.6	22.7
85 years and over	0.0	2.3	0.0	2.6	1.8	3.4
Average age of the population	40.4	41.9	38.8	44.5	43.6	45.3
Median age of the population	41.2	44.5	38.6	47.4	46.6	48.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	190	...	...	63,900	...	...
Single-detached house	160	...	...	47,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	15	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10	...	...	12,630	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	2,050	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	1,280	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	2,025	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	7,080	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	205	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	15	...	...	3,765	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	190	...	...	63,900	...	...
1 person	65	...	...	18,895	...	...
2 persons	70	...	...	25,495	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	9,130	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	6,995	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	3,395	...	...
Number of persons in private households	410	...	...	143,710	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	345	180	170	124,215	59,730	64,490
Married or living common law	220	110	110	73,650	36,790	36,865
Married	135	70	65	59,915	29,950	29,965
Living common law	80	40	40	13,730	6,840	6,895
Not married and not living common law	130	65	60	50,570	22,940	27,625
Never married	90	45	50	29,200	15,655	13,545
Separated	5	5	0	4,175	1,845	2,330
Divorced	15	15	10	7,990	3,430	4,565
Widowed	10	5	5	9,200	2,010	7,190
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	120	...	...	43,990	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	26,125	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	8,785	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	6,490	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	2,590	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	125	...	...	43,990	...	...
Total couple families	105	...	...	36,345	...	...
Married couples	65	...	...	29,475	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	6,865	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	15	...	...	7,650	...	...
Female parent	10	...	...	6,045	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	1,600	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	36,340	...	...
Couples without children	65	...	...	21,360	...	...
Couples with children	45	...	...	14,985	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	6,695	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	5,875	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	2,410	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	7,650	...	...
1 child	10	...	...	4,765	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	2,085	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	800	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	85	50	35	25,265	11,615	13,645
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	190	...	...	63,900	...	...
One-census-family households	115	...	...	42,345	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	65	...	...	20,740	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	55	...	...	21,610	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	815	...	...
Non-census-family households	70	...	...	20,740	...	...
One-person households	65	...	...	18,890	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	1,845	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	410	215	200	144,120	69,990	74,130
English only	340	180	165	136,110	66,750	69,360
French only	0	0	0	15	0	10
English and French	65	35	35	7,795	3,125	4,670
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	200	110	90
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	410	215	200	144,120	69,990	74,125
English	385	200	185	142,480	69,200	73,285
French	30	15	10	1,375	660	710
English and French	0	0	0	80	30	50
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	180	100	80
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	25	15	15	1,415	675	740
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	6.1	7.0	7.5	1.0	1.0	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	410	215	200	144,120	69,990	74,130
Single responses	400	210	195	143,560	69,735	73,825
Official languages	350	185	170	140,405	68,225	72,180
English	325	170	155	138,870	67,490	71,380
French	25	15	10	1,530	735	800
Non-official languages	50	25	25	3,155	1,510	1,645
Aboriginal languages	15	5	5	375	160	215
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	365	155	215
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	360	155	210
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	365	155	210
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	5	5	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	20	20	2,780	1,350	1,430
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	210	120	90
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	215	120	90
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	200	120	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	225	90	140
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	195	80	120
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	5	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	15	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	20	20	1,825	900	925
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	190	90	100
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	180	85	90
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	5	5	5	10	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	65	30	35
Russian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	5	10
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	10	10	1,165	595	580
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	5
Dutch	5	0	0	365	205	160
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	25	10	10	735	350	380
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	170	80	85
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	120	60	60
Bengali	0	0	0	15	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	255	115	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	0	0	0	160	65	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	55	30	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	250	110	140
Chinese languages	0	0	0	245	110	140
Cantonese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	130	50	75
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	20	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	15	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	5	555	255	300
English and French	5	5	5	240	100	135
English and non-official language	5	0	0	290	140	150
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	410	210	195	144,115	69,990	74,130
Single responses	400	210	190	143,355	69,640	73,715
Official languages	390	205	185	142,095	69,015	73,080
English	375	195	180	141,830	68,890	72,940
French	15	10	5	265	120	140
Non-official languages	15	10	10	1,265	625	640
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	70	30	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75	30	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	70	30	35
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	70	35	35
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	5	10	1,195	595	605
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	95	55	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	95	50	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	115	55	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	50	65
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	5	5	725	355	365
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	40	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	40	20	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	480	235	245
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	5	5	425	210	215
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	90	45	50
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	105	55	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	0	0	0	85	45	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	25	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Chinese languages	0	0	0	140	70	75
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	45	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	760	345	410
English and French	5	0	0	135	60	80
English and non-official language	10	0	5	615	285	330
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	410	215	200	144,115	69,990	74,130
None	355	190	165	140,950	68,600	72,350
English	10	10	10	585	285	295
French	15	5	10	1,245	480	760
Non-official language	25	10	10	1,290	590	695
Aboriginal	5	0	5	280	120	160
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	10	1,010	475	535
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	5	5	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	25	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	345	175	170	121,730	58,660	63,070
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	330	175	165	116,795	56,345	60,450
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,424	46,592	34,304	30,127	37,089	24,821
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	335	175	160	116,845	56,350	60,500
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,224	39,936	32,000	27,316	32,596	23,209
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	310	160	155	100,055	49,755	50,300
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,320	45,952	33,856	27,898	34,706	22,499
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	210	110	105	89,480	39,790	49,690
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,976	4,968	5,032	8,228	8,855	7,668
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	275	140	135	80,245	40,965	39,280
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,448	44,928	34,688	28,487	34,689	24,018
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	350	200	150	121,730	58,635	63,100
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	345	195	150	116,820	56,290	60,530
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,164	47,251	42,351	38,836	46,889	31,348
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	345	200	150	116,865	56,295	60,565
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,189	40,554	37,348	32,331	38,007	27,056
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	330	190	140	100,035	49,625	50,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,381	45,173	40,965	37,285	45,639	29,062
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	200	110	85	89,700	39,720	49,975
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,837	6,717	4,756	8,997	9,430	8,653
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	295	165	130	80,235	40,790	39,440
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,781	46,376	40,485	36,900	44,016	29,540
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	350	200	150	121,735	58,635	63,105
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	140	75	65	38,065	20,365	17,700
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	59,618	85,961	50,640	44,782	51,065	39,599
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	62,415	71,275	52,285	53,672	61,558	44,601
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.3	95.5	91.4	82.0	85.4	77.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	57.8	48.1	76.3	65.0	67.7	61.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	7.8	6.4	11.5	18.0	14.6	22.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	345	175	165	121,730	58,660	63,070
Without total income	10	0	5	4,930	2,315	2,620
With total income	335	170	160	116,795	56,345	60,450
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.1	97.0	95.9	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	25	20	16,315	6,540	9,770
$10,000 to $19,999	40	20	20	22,650	8,390	14,260
$20,000 to $29,999	55	25	30	19,200	7,915	11,290
$30,000 to $39,999	25	10	15	16,095	7,535	8,555
$40,000 to $49,999	15	10	10	13,005	6,875	6,130
$50,000 to $59,999	40	20	20	8,890	5,325	3,565
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	10	5,965	3,940	2,030
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	4,575	2,850	1,725
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	3,395	2,000	1,390
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	1,985	1,335	650
$100,000 and over	25	20	5	4,720	3,635	1,085
$100,000 to $149,999	20	15	5	3,435	2,615	820
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	1,285	1,020	270
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	340	175	165	121,725	58,660	63,070
Without after-tax income	10	5	5	4,880	2,310	2,575
With after-tax income	335	170	160	116,850	56,350	60,500
Percentage with after-tax income	98.5	97.1	97.0	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	25	20	16,975	6,670	10,305
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	20	24,080	9,025	15,060
$20,000 to $29,999	55	25	30	23,020	9,850	13,165
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	15	19,550	9,720	9,825
$40,000 to $49,999	30	10	20	13,240	7,815	5,425
$50,000 to $59,999	40	25	20	8,025	5,195	2,830
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	5,190	3,110	2,080
$70,000 to $79,999	25	10	10	2,780	1,900	880
$80,000 and over	30	25	5	3,985	3,060	925
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	0	1,435	1,055	380
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	800	620	180
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	1,750	1,385	365
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	345	175	165	121,730	58,660	63,070
Without employment income	65	35	30	41,480	17,695	23,790
With employment income	275	140	140	80,250	40,965	39,280
Percentage with employment income	79.7	80.0	84.8	65.9	69.8	62.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	25	25	12,300	6,015	6,285
$5,000 to $9,999	15	5	10	7,000	2,925	4,075
$10,000 to $19,999	30	15	15	11,605	4,935	6,675
$20,000 to $29,999	25	10	15	10,595	4,545	6,050
$30,000 to $39,999	20	10	10	9,875	4,530	5,345
$40,000 to $49,999	20	15	5	8,030	4,260	3,770
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	20	5,825	3,650	2,175
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	5	4,025	2,685	1,340
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	10	3,515	2,160	1,355
$80,000 and over	50	30	20	7,480	5,270	2,210
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	15	2,700	1,550	1,150
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	5	1,460	1,035	425
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	3,320	2,685	630
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	190	...	...	63,900	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,376	...	...	56,057	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,184	...	...	49,610	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	65	...	...	18,890	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,784	...	...	27,091	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,248	...	...	25,107	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	125	...	...	45,010	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,024	...	...	71,484	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,096	...	...	62,331	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	190	...	...	63,895	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,400	...	...	71,005	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,365	...	...	59,133	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	18,860	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,658	...	...	35,202	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,243	...	...	29,843	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	45,030	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	104,667	...	...	86,002	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,466	...	...	71,402	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	190	...	...	63,900	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	880	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	1,275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	2,045	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	3,720	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	3,675	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	3,205	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	3,820	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	3,425	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	3,305	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	3,100	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	5,585	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	5,035	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	4,395	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	3,720	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	3,105	...	...
$100,000 and over	60	...	...	13,615	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	5,680	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	3,440	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	2,930	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	1,560	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	190	...	...	63,900	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	925	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	1,305	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	2,085	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	3,925	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	4,145	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	3,790	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	4,400	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	4,140	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	3,835	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	3,665	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	6,640	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	5,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	4,640	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	3,675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	2,825	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	8,220	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	4,485	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	1,985	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	1,745	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	120	...	...	43,650	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,024	...	...	71,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,840	...	...	62,213	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	20,290	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,360	...	...	66,110	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,664	...	...	57,946	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	15,240	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,360	...	...	97,503	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,584	...	...	82,729	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	7,100	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	43,070	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	40,344	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	110	...	...	43,650	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,981	...	...	86,024	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,038	...	...	71,344	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	20,275	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,524	...	...	80,101	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,933	...	...	66,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	15,265	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,169	...	...	111,325	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,965	...	...	91,064	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	7,100	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	49,157	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	43,859	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	80	45	35	22,825	10,615	12,205
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,688	37,888	33,984	26,580	30,058	24,279
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,408	34,432	31,424	24,588	27,188	23,353
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	90	60	30	22,780	10,530	12,245
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,468	37,755	36,846	34,330	37,411	31,681
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,172	33,190	33,132	29,158	30,948	27,619
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	410	210	200	143,710	69,820	73,885
In the bottom half of the distribution	180	95	85	88,905	41,960	46,945
In the bottom decile	35	20	15	16,425	7,585	8,840
In the second decile	50	25	25	20,875	9,160	11,720
In the third decile	35	20	20	18,300	8,740	9,560
In the fourth decile	25	10	15	17,325	8,540	8,785
In the fifth decile	30	15	10	15,985	7,945	8,040
In the top half of the distribution	230	115	115	54,805	27,860	26,945
In the sixth decile	20	10	10	15,195	7,690	7,500
In the seventh decile	40	20	20	13,570	6,845	6,725
In the eighth decile	45	25	25	11,720	5,995	5,725
In the ninth decile	80	40	35	8,815	4,490	4,325
In the top decile	45	25	25	5,505	2,840	2,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	141,325	68,700	72,625
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	26,210	13,345	12,875
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	7,805	3,975	3,825
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	85,240	41,320	43,925
65 years and over	0	0	0	29,870	14,040	15,830
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	26,575	11,880	14,695
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	6,440	3,250	3,195
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	2,285	1,135	1,150
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	14,020	6,325	7,695
65 years and over	0	0	0	6,115	2,305	3,810
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	18.8	17.3	20.2
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	24.6	24.4	24.8
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	29.3	28.6	30.1
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	16.4	15.3	17.5
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	20.5	16.4	24.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	9,075	4,345	4,725
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	2,155	1,065	1,090
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	765	355	410
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	6,505	3,115	3,385
65 years and over	0	0	0	415	165	250
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	6.4	6.3	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	8.2	8.0	8.5
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	9.8	8.9	10.7
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	7.6	7.5	7.7
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	1.4	1.2	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	430	240	190	143,690	69,795	73,895
Official languages	430	245	185	143,475	69,665	73,815
English	430	240	185	143,450	69,650	73,795
French	75	45	30	7,700	3,040	4,655
Non-official languages	80	45	35	4,865	2,310	2,555
Aboriginal languages	20	15	10	615	265	345
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	595	255	335
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	590	255	335
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	590	255	335
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	15	10	0	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	20	10	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	30	25	4,265	2,050	2,215
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	295	155	145
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	290	150	145
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	295	150	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	20	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	285	110	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	275	105	165
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	30	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	20	15	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	35	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	25	20	2,845	1,380	1,460
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	255	130	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	240	130	115
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Czech	0	10	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	85	45	40
Russian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	30	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	90	45	50
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	70	30	40
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Germanic languages	40	15	20	1,550	765	780
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Dutch	10	10	0	485	230	255
Frisian	0	0	0	25	20	10
German	35	15	20	1,025	505	520
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	20	20	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	30	55
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	325	160	165
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	250	125	130
Bengali	0	0	0	40	20	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	100	50	45
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	85	40	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	75	35	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	10	705	320	385
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	65	45	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	65	20	40
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	595	260	335
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	75	35	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	95	45	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	205	90	115
American Sign Language	0	0	0	55	10	45
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	150	75	70
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	275	135	140
Chinese languages	10	10	0	275	135	145
Cantonese	0	0	0	90	40	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	150	65	85
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	30	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	0	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	20	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	0	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	430	245	185	143,690	69,795	73,895
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	405	230	180	141,375	68,615	72,760
Canadian citizens aged under 18	95	55	40	26,770	13,590	13,180
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	310	175	135	114,605	55,025	59,580
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	30	15	10	2,320	1,185	1,130
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	430	245	185	143,685	69,795	73,890
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	350	210	145	138,160	67,095	71,060
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	80	40	45	5,000	2,400	2,600
Before 1981	20	10	10	2,350	1,155	1,200
1981 to 1990	10	10	0	545	270	285
1991 to 2000	25	10	20	450	160	290
2001 to 2010	10	0	0	925	440	480
2001 to 2005	10	0	0	335	155	185
2006 to 2010	0	0	10	580	285	295
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	10	15	730	380	350
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	535	305	230
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	80	40	40	5,000	2,400	2,605
Under 5 years	0	0	10	775	365	410
5 to 14 years	0	10	0	950	455	495
15 to 24 years	15	10	0	1,015	460	560
25 to 44 years	40	20	25	1,835	900	930
45 years and over	10	10	0	430	215	210
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	85	40	45	5,000	2,400	2,605
Americas	10	0	10	1,220	570	650
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	50	30	20
Mexico	0	0	0	25	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	875	420	455
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	215	80	125
Europe	60	35	25	2,655	1,295	1,360
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	10	10	0	60	30	25
Germany	15	10	10	220	115	110
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	60	20	35
Italy	0	0	0	35	25	10
Netherlands	10	0	0	435	240	200
Poland	0	0	0	50	15	35
Portugal	0	0	0	15	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	10	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	10	0	1,525	715	805
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	10	170	80	90
Africa	0	0	0	105	75	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	15	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	20	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	40	25	10
Asia	0	0	10	970	430	535
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	25	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	125	45	80
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	10	0
India	0	0	0	135	75	60
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	70	30	40
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	60	20	35
Lebanon	0	0	0	70	45	30
Pakistan	0	0	0	40	25	20
Philippines	0	0	0	235	95	145
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	105	40	65
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	55	30	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	10	735	380	355
Americas	0	0	0	145	90	60
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	15	15
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	80	45	35
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	25	20	10
Europe	15	10	0	215	115	100
France	10	10	0	10	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	20	15	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	165	75	90
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	25	20	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	335	155	180
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	65	35	30
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	170	65	100
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	20	0	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	10	10	10
Australia	10	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	435	245	185	143,690	69,795	73,895
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	90	45	45	6,080	2,950	3,130
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	70	50	20	8,935	4,320	4,610
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	275	150	120	128,670	62,525	66,145
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	60	30	35	2,710	1,275	1,435
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	35	15	15	1,525	765	760
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	25	20	15	610	420	195
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	915	345	565
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20	10	15	1,030	430	600
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	0	130	70	65
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	430	245	185	143,690	69,795	73,895
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	110	65	50	6,915	3,190	3,725
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	110	65	45	6,680	3,075	3,600
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	105	55	45	4,640	2,145	2,495
Métis	10	0	0	1,945	890	1,060
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	95	40	50
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	130	65	60
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	110	45	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	320	180	135	136,775	66,610	70,165
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	435	245	190	143,690	69,795	73,895
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	95	55	40	3,740	1,720	2,025
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	335	190	145	139,945	68,080	71,870
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	430	240	185	143,685	69,795	73,890
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	55	30	20	2,580	1,225	1,360
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	50	25	25	2,570	1,210	1,360
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	50	30	20	2,420	1,175	1,240
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	130	30	100
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	60	40	20	7,010	3,145	3,865
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	60	40	20	6,870	3,090	3,780
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	35	20	4,760	2,150	2,615
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	1,935	870	1,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	170	65	105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	145	55	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	130	45	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	320	175	145	134,100	65,430	68,670
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	430	245	190	143,690	69,800	73,895
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	10	4,080	2,045	2,035
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	475	220	250
Chinese	0	0	10	325	135	195
Black	0	0	10	2,090	1,140	955
Filipino	0	0	0	330	160	170
Latin American	0	0	0	175	70	95
Arab	0	0	0	260	130	120
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	100	35	65
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	80	40	40
Korean	0	0	0	95	40	50
Japanese	0	0	0	40	10	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	85	45	40
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	425	245	180	139,610	67,750	71,860
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	435	245	185	143,690	69,795	73,895
North American Aboriginal origins	115	70	45	9,590	4,365	5,230
First Nations (North American Indian)	110	70	45	7,320	3,375	3,945
Inuit	0	0	0	215	100	115
Métis	10	0	0	2,210	960	1,250
Other North American origins	100	55	45	68,665	33,350	35,315
Acadian	0	0	0	2,315	1,115	1,200
American	10	10	10	945	495	450
Canadian	90	45	45	66,170	32,135	34,030
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	155	95	65
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	170	90	75
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	10	10	0	35	15	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	320	195	125	98,830	47,630	51,200
British Isles origins	205	125	80	86,745	41,545	45,205
Channel Islander	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	110	65	40	43,190	20,285	22,905
Irish	80	40	40	29,450	13,510	15,945
Manx	0	0	0	15	10	0
Scottish	95	60	30	52,645	25,290	27,355
Welsh	10	10	0	2,280	1,030	1,250
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	25	20	10	2,325	1,040	1,290
French origins	65	50	25	19,900	9,225	10,680
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	65	45	20	19,900	9,225	10,675
Western European origins (except French origins)	130	65	65	16,525	7,815	8,715
Austrian	10	0	10	205	110	95
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	565	285	275
Dutch	40	20	20	4,915	2,305	2,610
Flemish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10
German	85	40	40	11,780	5,565	6,220
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	15	10	10	450	210	240
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	15	10	0	2,305	1,090	1,215
Danish	0	0	0	680	320	360
Finnish	10	10	0	150	75	75
Icelandic	0	0	0	55	25	25
Norwegian	0	0	0	650	310	335
Swedish	10	0	0	560	210	355
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	285	180	100
Eastern European origins	90	50	35	3,490	1,740	1,755
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Byelorussian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Czech	0	0	10	185	100	90
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	100	50	55
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	220	80	145
Latvian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	150	70	80
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	20	20	1,245	620	625
Romanian	0	0	0	125	65	50
Russian	0	0	0	660	325	340
Slovak	0	0	0	65	35	30
Ukrainian	65	35	25	995	500	490
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern European origins	40	25	10	2,605	1,290	1,315
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	90	55	30
Cypriot	0	0	0	15	10	10
Greek	0	0	0	245	135	110
Italian	30	20	10	1,330	645	690
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	390	185	200
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Spanish	0	0	0	405	195	215
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	60	25	40
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	310	175	135
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	55	35	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	255	140	115
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	420	220	205
Antiguan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Bahamian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	30	10	15
Dominican	0	0	0	20	15	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	225	125	105
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	50	35	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	375	175	200
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	10	15	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Chilean	0	0	0	40	25	15
Colombian	0	0	0	85	35	45
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	40	10	30
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	110	60	50
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	10
African origins	0	0	10	1,550	785	760
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	55	25	25
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	10	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	90	30	65
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	75	40	30
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	0	15
South African	0	0	0	30	20	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	1,335	695	645
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	220	105	115
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	1,115	585	530
Asian origins	0	0	0	2,510	1,200	1,310
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	840	430	405
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Armenian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	115	45	70
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	490	280	205
Palestinian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	130	75	60
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	35	10	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	575	280	300
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	25	0	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
East Indian	0	0	0	410	205	205
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	70	40	35
Punjabi	0	0	0	35	10	20
Sinhalese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	25	15	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	1,035	465	570
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	485	225	260
Filipino	0	0	0	300	155	150
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	90	35	50
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	105	45	60
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	60	30	30
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	55	20	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	55	15	40
Oceania origins	0	0	10	115	50	65
Australian	10	0	10	70	35	40
New Zealander	0	0	0	40	10	25
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	185	...	...	63,895	...	...
Owner	135	...	...	47,275	...	...
Renter	55	...	...	15,940	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	190	...	...	63,895	...	...
Condominium	15	...	...	830	...	...
Not condominium	170	...	...	63,070	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	185	...	...	63,895	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	70	...	...
1 bedroom	70	...	...	6,110	...	...
2 bedrooms	35	...	...	17,445	...	...
3 bedrooms	45	...	...	26,055	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	35	...	...	14,215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	190	...	...	63,895	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	90	...	...	12,460	...	...
5 rooms	15	...	...	11,275	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	11,225	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	9,535	...	...
8 or more rooms	35	...	...	19,400	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.3	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	190	...	...	63,895	...	...
One person or fewer per room	185	...	...	63,630	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	190	...	...	63,890	...	...
Suitable	175	...	...	62,355	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	1,540	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	185	...	...	63,895	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	20,810	...	...
1961 to 1980	55	...	...	16,975	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	8,825	...	...
1991 to 2000	45	...	...	7,400	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	3,165	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	3,765	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	45	...	...	2,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	185	...	...	63,895	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	160	...	...	57,175	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	6,720	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	190	...	...	63,895	...	...
1 household maintainer	110	...	...	39,690	...	...
2 household maintainers	70	...	...	23,590	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	615	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	190	...	...	63,895	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,525	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	6,555	...	...
35 to 44 years	20	...	...	9,185	...	...
45 to 54 years	65	...	...	12,375	...	...
55 to 64 years	45	...	...	14,120	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	11,665	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	6,165	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	2,300	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	165	...	...	62,200	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	135	...	...	50,240	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	30	...	...	11,960	...	...
30% to less than 100%	30	...	...	10,730	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	110	...	...	46,425	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.5	...	...	53.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	11.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,161	...	...	716	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,249	...	...	850	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	477,707	...	...	150,139	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	622,885	...	...	177,131	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	55	...	...	15,865	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	27.3	...	...	14.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.5	...	...	42.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	742	...	...	728	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	792	...	...	754	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	350	200	150	121,735	58,630	63,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	45	15	27,305	14,590	12,715
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	70	35	30	32,595	15,830	16,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	225	120	105	61,830	28,215	33,620
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	25	10	13,340	9,555	3,790
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	10	7,390	4,400	2,995
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25	20	0	5,950	5,155	795
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	55	25	30	28,985	10,920	18,070
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	0	20	2,710	935	1,775
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	105	65	45	16,790	6,810	9,980
Bachelor's degree	75	45	35	11,665	4,560	7,105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	10	1,015	370	645
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	495	270	220
Master's degree	15	15	0	3,320	1,415	1,905
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	300	190	110
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	275	150	125	76,255	36,590	39,665
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	20	10	11,065	6,560	4,500
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	40	15	20	20,135	9,930	10,210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	205	115	95	45,050	20,100	24,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35	20	10	8,950	6,460	2,495
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	15	0	10	4,985	2,960	2,020
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	20	25	0	3,965	3,495	470
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	50	20	25	21,625	8,345	13,280
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	15	1,670	545	1,120
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	105	65	45	12,810	4,755	8,050
Bachelor's degree	70	40	35	9,040	3,370	5,665
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	705	200	515
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	400	195	205
Master's degree	20	15	10	2,480	900	1,580
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	185	95	90
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	350	200	150	121,730	58,630	63,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	125	75	45	59,905	30,415	29,485
Education	15	0	15	5,185	1,350	3,835
13. Education	15	0	15	5,185	1,350	3,830
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	1,035	500	540
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	210	165	40
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	830	335	495
Humanities	15	10	10	1,940	775	1,170
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	95	15	85
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	400	110	290
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	530	205	325
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	120	55	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	375	195	170
54. History	0	0	0	325	175	145
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	90	10	85
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	10	15	4,715	1,090	3,625
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	50	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	215	105	105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	1,510	85	1,425
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	10	870	180	690
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	75	0	75
42. Psychology	0	0	0	855	165	695
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	1,130	535	590
Business, management and public administration	30	15	20	13,235	3,085	10,150
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	45	0	40
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	1,085	225	855
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	15	15	12,105	2,850	9,255
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	15	1,445	700	750
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	590	260	330
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	390	175	210
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	0	20
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	325	240	85
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	120	20	100
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	10	0	1,795	980	810
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,535	885	645
25. Library science	0	0	0	115	0	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	130	75	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	65	50	15	15,120	14,345	775
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	115	65	50
14. Engineering	25	20	10	1,080	920	160
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	2,545	2,255	295
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	15	10	4,010	3,955	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	4,880	4,765	120
48. Precision production	0	0	0	2,485	2,390	100
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	2,105	1,310	795
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	1,330	670	660
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	780	640	135
Health and related fields	20	0	15	9,970	1,220	8,755
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	545	255	295
51. Health professions and related programs	15	0	15	9,320	900	8,420
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	100	70	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	5,285	2,865	2,420
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	0	2,705	620	2,085
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	145	145	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	875	650	225
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	1,560	1,445	110
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	275	155	125	76,255	36,590	39,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	70	40	30	31,200	16,490	14,715
Education	10	0	10	3,335	725	2,605
13. Education	10	0	0	3,335	725	2,605
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	775	350	420
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	160	125	35
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	610	230	385
Humanities	15	10	10	1,365	525	840
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	60	15	45
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	265	50	215
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	415	165	255
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	80	35	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	200	105	95
54. History	10	0	0	265	150	120
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	10	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	10	15	3,830	805	3,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	190	85	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,215	65	1,150
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	740	105	635
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	55	0	55
42. Psychology	0	0	0	695	135	560
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	910	405	500
Business, management and public administration	30	10	20	9,510	2,285	7,220
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	45	10	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	915	170	745
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	10	15	8,555	2,115	6,440
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	0	15	985	455	530
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	445	195	245
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	10	250	110	140
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	20
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	200	130	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	70	20	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	1,530	870	660
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,350	805	545
25. Library science	0	0	0	75	10	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	90	50	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	55	40	15	10,815	10,155	660
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	80	35	45
14. Engineering	25	15	0	750	615	135
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	10	0	1,845	1,585	260
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	10	10	2,960	2,930	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	15	0	3,545	3,450	90
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,630	1,540	90
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	1,590	925	665
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	1,005	455	550
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	585	470	115
Health and related fields	20	10	15	7,390	890	6,495
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	380	165	215
51. Health professions and related programs	15	0	15	6,930	670	6,260
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	80	55	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	3,930	2,105	1,825
12. Personal and culinary services	10	10	0	2,055	480	1,575
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	60	60	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	640	475	170
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	1,165	1,085	80
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	350	200	150	121,735	58,635	63,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	130	80	50	59,905	30,415	29,490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	225	120	100	61,830	28,210	33,620
Location of study inside Canada	165	90	75	59,145	26,840	32,300
Same as province or territory of residence	25	15	10	47,130	20,730	26,405
Different than province or territory of residence	135	75	60	12,015	6,115	5,900
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	60	30	25	2,680	1,370	1,315
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	1,000	540	460
Philippines	0	0	0	150	50	100
India	0	0	0	100	50	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	630	350	275
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	15
France	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other	35	15	25	770	360	415
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	275	155	125	76,250	36,585	39,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65	40	35	31,200	16,485	14,715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	205	115	95	45,050	20,100	24,955
Location of study inside Canada	160	90	70	43,220	19,250	23,965
Same as province or territory of residence	30	20	15	34,535	14,925	19,605
Different than province or territory of residence	130	75	60	8,685	4,320	4,365
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	50	25	20	1,835	850	980
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	0	640	290	350
Philippines	0	0	0	140	50	90
India	0	0	0	75	40	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	400	220	185
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	20	10	10
France	10	10	0	0	10	0
Other	25	10	15	555	240	315
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	350	200	150	121,735	58,635	63,105
In the labour force	280	165	120	71,395	36,625	34,770
Employed	235	125	115	63,930	31,875	32,050
Unemployed	45	35	0	7,470	4,750	2,720
Not in the labour force	70	40	35	50,335	22,005	28,330
Participation rate	80.0	82.5	80.0	58.6	62.5	55.1
Employment rate	67.1	62.5	76.7	52.5	54.4	50.8
Unemployment rate	16.1	21.2	0.0	10.5	13.0	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	350	200	150	121,735	58,635	63,105
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	65	40	25	45,925	19,905	26,015
Worked	290	165	130	75,810	38,725	37,085
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	145	80	65	39,035	20,995	18,035
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	140	80	65	36,775	17,730	19,045
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.7	40.3	41.1	41.8	41.7	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	280	160	120	71,395	36,630	34,770
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	10	1,270	710	560
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	270	155	115	70,130	35,920	34,215
Employee	225	130	95	63,365	31,660	31,710
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	45	30	20	6,765	4,255	2,505
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	280	160	115	71,400	36,625	34,770
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,275	715	560
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	270	160	115	70,125	35,920	34,210
0 Management occupations	40	20	20	6,610	3,925	2,685
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	35	10	25	9,365	2,325	7,035
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	20	15	0	3,040	2,395	645
3 Health occupations	30	10	20	5,445	635	4,805
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	35	15	25	8,020	2,405	5,615
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	20	0	1,355	550	810
6 Sales and service occupations	35	15	20	16,430	6,095	10,330
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	30	0	13,110	12,410	700
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	2,865	2,400	465
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	25	10	0	3,890	2,780	1,110
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	275	160	115	71,400	36,625	34,775
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	1,270	710	560
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	275	155	115	70,130	35,915	34,210
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	15	0	3,340	2,540	795
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	830	770	65
22 Utilities	0	0	0	325	255	65
23 Construction	25	30	0	5,795	5,215	580
31-33 Manufacturing	10	0	10	7,240	5,260	1,980
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	2,345	1,670	670
44-45 Retail trade	30	10	15	10,295	4,565	5,725
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	3,550	2,695	855
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	855	470	390
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	1,325	440	890
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	810	465	345
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	10	0	2,450	1,125	1,325
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	330	150	180
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	0	2,815	1,660	1,155
61 Educational services	20	10	15	4,695	1,375	3,325
62 Health care and social assistance	45	10	35	9,570	1,195	8,375
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	15	0	1,210	555	655
72 Accommodation and food services	10	10	0	4,635	1,445	3,190
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	10	10	2,915	1,490	1,430
91 Public administration	65	40	25	4,790	2,575	2,215
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	235	125	110	63,925	31,875	32,055
Worked at home	35	20	15	4,240	2,150	2,090
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	210	155	55
No fixed workplace address	10	10	0	7,990	5,990	2,000
Worked at usual place	190	100	95	51,485	23,580	27,905
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	190	100	90	51,490	23,580	27,910
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10	10	0	18,180	8,215	9,965
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	170	85	85	21,985	9,275	12,715
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	10,025	5,275	4,755
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	1,295	815	480
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	195	110	90	59,485	29,570	29,905
Car, truck, van - as a driver	185	95	90	51,390	25,825	25,560
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	0	10	4,315	1,850	2,465
Public transit	0	0	0	375	200	170
Walked	0	10	0	2,475	1,105	1,370
Bicycle	0	0	0	140	105	30
Other method	0	10	0	780	475	305
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	200	110	95	59,480	29,570	29,910
Less than 15 minutes	20	20	0	25,135	11,210	13,925
15 to 29 minutes	90	45	40	18,825	9,145	9,675
30 to 44 minutes	60	20	45	8,095	4,525	3,570
45 to 59 minutes	20	10	0	3,595	2,065	1,530
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	3,830	2,625	1,210
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	200	105	95	59,485	29,575	29,905
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	0	0	4,735	3,370	1,365
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	10	10	12,005	6,840	5,165
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	45	30	15	18,245	9,150	9,095
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	70	40	35	11,175	4,005	7,170
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	0	15	4,135	1,315	2,820
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	20	15	9,185	4,885	4,300
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	305	170	135	77,875	39,680	38,195
Single responses	300	165	135	77,650	39,585	38,070
Official languages	300	165	130	77,465	39,470	38,000
English	300	165	135	77,240	39,435	37,805
French	0	0	0	230	35	190
Non-official languages	0	0	0	185	115	70
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	160	110	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	25	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	20	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	140	90	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	140	85	50
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	110	70	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	225	95	125
English and French	0	0	0	105	40	60
English and non-official language	0	0	0	115	55	55
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	305	170	130	77,875	39,680	38,195
None	270	155	120	76,420	39,050	37,375
English	0	10	0	215	85	135
French	20	10	10	935	430	505
Non-official language	10	10	0	290	120	175
Aboriginal	0	0	0	125	50	75
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	170	70	100
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	415	235	185	142,585	69,210	73,370
Non-movers	355	190	160	127,545	62,135	65,405
Movers	60	40	20	15,040	7,075	7,960
Non-migrants	35	25	15	7,915	3,765	4,150
Migrants	25	20	0	7,125	3,315	3,810
Internal migrants	25	20	10	6,675	3,075	3,600
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	4,700	2,105	2,595
Interprovincial migrants	25	20	10	1,970	970	1,005
External migrants	0	0	0	450	240	215
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	395	225	175	137,135	66,530	70,605
Non-movers	275	155	120	96,225	47,275	48,945
Movers	125	65	55	40,910	19,260	21,650
Non-migrants	30	25	0	21,255	10,095	11,160
Migrants	85	40	50	19,650	9,160	10,495
Internal migrants	75	40	40	18,425	8,530	9,890
Intraprovincial migrants	25	10	20	12,855	5,875	6,985
Interprovincial migrants	45	30	20	5,570	2,660	2,915
External migrants	15	0	10	1,225	630	600

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Ibex Valley, HAM [Census subdivision], Yukon and Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ibex Valley, Hamlet [Census subdivision], Yukon and Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Ibex Valley, Hamlet [Census subdivision], Yukon and Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ibex Valley, Hamlet [Census subdivision], Yukon and Zone 2 - Northern [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia